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Zhao H, Shi M, Yang F, Yang X. Kearns-Sayre syndrome with rare imaging finding of SLC25A4 Mutation. NSJ 2022; 27:111-115. [PMID: 35477912 PMCID: PMC9257918 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2022.2.20210123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) is a subtype of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). In this case, A 21-year-old man diagnosed with KSS, and presented with chronic progressive blepharoptosis (ptosis) and external ophthalmoplegia, diffuse depigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium, and cerebellar ataxia, with a cerebrospinal fluid protein of 254 mg/dL, was reported. Genetic screening revealed a novel mutated gene in SLC25A4 in the patient as well as in his mother: NM_001151:c.170G>C in exon 2. Its imaging finding is a characteristic progressive atrophy of the right cerebellar hemisphere. In conclusion, we found a case of KSS with a novel mutated gene in SLC25A4: NM_001151:c.170G>C in exon 2 as the pathogenic mechanism, and found that KSS can be caused only when the proportion of mutations in the SLC25A4 gene reach a certain degree, and the patient with KSS showed a unique cranial imaging feature of unilateral progressive cerebellar atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhao
- From the Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Min Shi
- From the Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Fang Yang
- From the Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Xuhong Yang
- From the Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China.
- Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Xuhong Yang, Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China. E-mail: ORCID: ORICID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0702-3075
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2
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Cao J, Verma SK, Jaworski E, Mohan S, Nagasawa CK, Rayavara K, Sooter A, Miller SN, Holcomb RJ, Powell MJ, Ji P, Elrod ND, Yildirim E, Wagner EJ, Popov V, Garg NJ, Routh AL, Kuyumcu-Martinez MN. RBFOX2 is critical for maintaining alternative polyadenylation patterns and mitochondrial health in rat myoblasts. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109910. [PMID: 34731606 PMCID: PMC8600936 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RBFOX2, which has a well-established role in alternative splicing, is linked to heart diseases. However, it is unclear whether RBFOX2 has other roles in RNA processing that can influence gene expression in muscle cells, contributing to heart disease. Here, we employ both 3'-end and nanopore cDNA sequencing to reveal a previously unrecognized role for RBFOX2 in maintaining alternative polyadenylation (APA) signatures in myoblasts. RBFOX2-mediated APA modulates mRNA levels and/or isoform expression of a collection of genes, including contractile and mitochondrial genes. Depletion of RBFOX2 adversely affects mitochondrial health in myoblasts, correlating with disrupted APA of mitochondrial gene Slc25a4. Mechanistically, RBFOX2 regulation of Slc25a4 APA is mediated through consensus RBFOX2 binding motifs near the distal polyadenylation site, enforcing the use of the proximal polyadenylation site. In sum, our results unveil a role for RBFOX2 in fine-tuning expression of mitochondrial and contractile genes via APA in myoblasts relevant to heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sunil K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jaworski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Stephanie Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Chloe K Nagasawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kempaiah Rayavara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Amanda Sooter
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Sierra N Miller
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Richard J Holcomb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mason J Powell
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nathan D Elrod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Eda Yildirim
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Eric J Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Centre for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Vsevolod Popov
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nisha J Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Andrew L Routh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Centre for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Muge N Kuyumcu-Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Cell biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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3
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Wen J, Wang J, Li P, Wang R, Wang J, Zhou X, Zhang L, Li H, Wei S, Cai H, Zhao Y. Protective effects of higenamine combined with [6]-gingerol against doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in H9c2 cells and potential mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108881. [PMID: 31028997 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Higenamine (HG) is a well-known selective activator of beta2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) with a positive inotropic effect. The present study showed that HG combined with [6]-gingerol (HG/[6]-GR) protects H9c2 cells from doxorubicin (DOX)-induced mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder and respiratory dysfunction. H9c2 cells were pretreated with HG/[6]-GR for 2 h before DOX treatment in all procedures. Cell viability was quantified by a cell counting kit‑8 assay. Cardiomyocyte morphology, proliferation, and mitochondrial function were detected by a high content screening (HCS) assay. Cell mitochondrial stress was measured by a Seahorse XFp analyzer. To further investigate the protective mechanism of HG/[6]-GR, mRNA and protein expression levels of PPARα/PGC-1α/Sirt3 pathway-related molecules were detected. The present data demonstrated that protective effects of HG/[6]-GR combination were presented in mitochondria, which increased cell viability, ameliorated DOX-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Most importantly, the protective effects were abrogated by GW6471 (a PPARα inhibitor) and ameliorated by Wy14643 (a PPARα agonist). Moreover, the combined use of HG and [6]-GR exerted more profound protective effects than either drug as a single agent. In conclusion, the results suggested that HG/[6]-GR ameliorates DOX-induced mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder and respiratory function impairment in H9c2 cells, and it indicated that the protective mechanism may be related to upregulation of the PPARα/PGC-1α/Sirt3 pathway, which promotes mitochondrial energy metabolism and protects against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Provincial and State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of System Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pengyan Li
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Integrative Medical Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huadan Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Li J, Yan Z, Fang Q. A Mechanism Study Underlying the Protective Effects of Cyclosporine-A on Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Pharmacology 2017; 100:83-90. [PMID: 28501872 DOI: 10.1159/000458760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study is aimed at validating the hypothesis that administration of cyclosporine-A (CsA) would be protective in lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and in exploring the underlying mechanism. METHODS Rabbits were divided into 4 groups: the control, sham operation, I/R, and I/R with CsA treatment. Flow cytometry was used to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential. Laser scanning confocal microscope was used to analyze mitochondrion permeability transition pore (MPTP). The apoptotic cell was detected by the TUNEL staining. Western blot was performed to analyze the protein expression levels. RESULTS CsA not only attenuated the histopathologic alterations in lung and mitochondria after I/R injury, but also attenuated I/R injury through increasing MPP and inhibiting MPTP opening. Besides, CsA attenuated I/R injury through suppressing the release of cytochrome-c (CytC), inhibiting cell apoptosis and decreasing the expression levels of cyclophilin-D (Cyp-D), adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1) and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). Finally, we found that Cyp-D knockdown inhibits I/R injury-induced MPTP opening and cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study found that the protective role of CsA on lung I/R injury depends on the inhibition of MPTP and CytC release, suppression of the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and the expressions of apoptotic-related proteins, as well as the decreased expression levels of ANT1 and VDAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian''an Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, PR China
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Thompson K, Majd H, Dallabona C, Reinson K, King MS, Alston CL, He L, Lodi T, Jones SA, Fattal-Valevski A, Fraenkel ND, Saada A, Haham A, Isohanni P, Vara R, Barbosa IA, Simpson MA, Deshpande C, Puusepp S, Bonnen PE, Rodenburg RJ, Suomalainen A, Õunap K, Elpeleg O, Ferrero I, McFarland R, Kunji ERS, Taylor RW. Recurrent De Novo Dominant Mutations in SLC25A4 Cause Severe Early-Onset Mitochondrial Disease and Loss of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:860-876. [PMID: 27693233 PMCID: PMC5065686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in SLC25A4 encoding the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier AAC1 are well-recognized causes of mitochondrial disease. Several heterozygous SLC25A4 mutations cause adult-onset autosomal-dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia associated with multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions, whereas recessive SLC25A4 mutations cause childhood-onset mitochondrial myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Here, we describe the identification by whole-exome sequencing of seven probands harboring dominant, de novo SLC25A4 mutations. All affected individuals presented at birth, were ventilator dependent and, where tested, revealed severe combined mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiencies associated with a marked loss of mitochondrial DNA copy number in skeletal muscle. Strikingly, an identical c.239G>A (p.Arg80His) mutation was present in four of the seven subjects, and the other three case subjects harbored the same c.703C>G (p.Arg235Gly) mutation. Analysis of skeletal muscle revealed a marked decrease of AAC1 protein levels and loss of respiratory chain complexes containing mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits. We show that both recombinant AAC1 mutant proteins are severely impaired in ADP/ATP transport, affecting most likely the substrate binding and mechanics of the carrier, respectively. This highly reduced capacity for transport probably affects mitochondrial DNA maintenance and in turn respiration, causing a severe energy crisis. The confirmation of the pathogenicity of these de novo SLC25A4 mutations highlights a third distinct clinical phenotype associated with mutation of this gene and demonstrates that early-onset mitochondrial disease can be caused by recurrent de novo mutations, which has significant implications for the application and analysis of whole-exome sequencing data in mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Thompson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Homa Majd
- The Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Karit Reinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martin S King
- The Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Langping He
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Simon A Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Marys Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Aviva Fattal-Valevski
- Paediatric Neurology Unit, "Dana" Children Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nitay D Fraenkel
- Department of Respiratory Rehabilitation, Alyn Hospital, Jerusalem 91090, Israel
| | - Ann Saada
- Metabolic Laboratory Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Alon Haham
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Lis" Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Pirjo Isohanni
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roshni Vara
- Department of Paediatric Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Evelina Children's Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Inês A Barbosa
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RY, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, London SE1 9RY, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Sanna Puusepp
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Penelope E Bonnen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurosciences, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- The Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Ileana Ferrero
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Edmund R S Kunji
- The Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.
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Song XB, Liu G, Wang ZY, Wang L. Puerarin protects against cadmium-induced proximal tubular cell apoptosis by restoring mitochondrial function. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:219-231. [PMID: 27717697 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin (PU) is a potent free radical scavenger with a protective effect in nephrotoxin-mediated oxidative damage. Here, we show a novel molecular mechanism by which PU exerts its anti-apoptotic effects in cadmium (Cd)-exposed primary rat proximal tubular (rPT) cells. Morphological assessment and flow cytometric analysis revealed that PU significantly decreased Cd-induced apoptotic cell death of rPT cells. Administration of PU protected cells against Cd-induced depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and lipid peroxidation. Cd-mediated mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, disruption of mitochondrial ultrastructure, mitochondrial cytochrome c (cyt-c) release, caspase-3 activation and subsequently poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage could be effectively blocked by the addition of PU. Moreover, up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax and hence increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio were observed with the PU administration. In addition, PU reversed Cd-induced ATP depletion by restoring ΔΨm to affect ATP production and by regulating expression levels of ANT-1 and ANT-2 to improve ATP transport. In summary, PU inhibited Cd-induced apoptosis in rPT cells by ameliorating the mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Bin Song
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, Tai'an 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Sparks LM, Gemmink A, Phielix E, Bosma M, Schaart G, Moonen-Kornips E, Jörgensen JA, Nascimento EBM, Hesselink MKC, Schrauwen P, Hoeks J. ANT1-mediated fatty acid-induced uncoupling as a target for improving myocellular insulin sensitivity. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1030-9. [PMID: 26886198 PMCID: PMC4826430 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3885-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Dissipating energy via mitochondrial uncoupling has been suggested to contribute to enhanced insulin sensitivity. We hypothesised that skeletal muscle mitochondria of endurance-trained athletes have increased sensitivity for fatty acid (FA)-induced uncoupling, which is driven by the mitochondrial protein adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1). METHODS Capacity for FA-induced uncoupling was measured in endurance-trained male athletes (T) and sedentary young men (UT) in an observational study and also in isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria from Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and C2C12 myotubes following small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing of ANT1. Thus, fuelled by glutamate/succinate (fibres) or pyruvate (mitochondria and myotubes) and in the presence of oligomycin to block ATP synthesis, increasing levels of oleate (fibres) or palmitate (mitochondria and myotubes) were automatically titrated while respiration was monitored. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp in humans and via insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes. RESULTS Skeletal muscle from the T group displayed increased sensitivity to FA-induced uncoupling (p = 0.011) compared with muscle from the UT group, and this was associated with elevated insulin sensitivity (p = 0.034). ANT1 expression was increased in T (p = 0.013). Mitochondria from ZDF rats displayed decreased sensitivity for FA-induced uncoupling (p = 0.008). This difference disappeared in the presence of the adenine nucleotide translocator inhibitor carboxyatractyloside. Partial knockdown of ANT1 in C2C12 myotubes decreased sensitivity to the FA-induced uncoupling (p = 0.008) and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (p = 0.025) compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Increased sensitivity to FA-induced uncoupling is associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity and is affected by ANT1 activity in skeletal muscle. FA-induced mitochondrial uncoupling may help to preserve insulin sensitivity in the face of a high supply of FAs. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.trialregister.nl NTR2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Sparks
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Anne Gemmink
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Phielix
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Madeleen Bosma
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Emmani B M Nascimento
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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8
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Wang K, Long B, Li N, Li L, Liu CY, Dong YH, Gao JN, Zhou LY, Wang CQ, Li PF. MicroRNA-2861 regulates programmed necrosis in cardiomyocyte by impairing adenine nucleotide translocase 1 expression. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 91:58-67. [PMID: 26654759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Necrosis is programmed and is one of the main forms of cell death in the pathological process in cardiac diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key gene regulators in many diseases. However, how miRNAs contribute to programmed necrosis is poorly defined. Here we report that miR-2861 and adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1) constitute an axis that regulates necrotic cell death in the heart. Our results show that ANT1 inhibits H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes necrosis. ANT1 also antagonizes myocardial necrosis in a mouse ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model. We further demonstrate that miR-2861 directly binds to the coding sequence of ANT1 and suppresses the expression of ANT1 mRNA and protein. MiR-2861 induces necrotic cell death. In contrast, knockdown of miR-2861 attenuates H2O2-induced necrosis in cardiomyocytes. Also, miR-2861 knockdown protects heart from I/R injury and necrotic cell death in vivo. MiR-2861 regulates necrosis and myocardial infarction through targeting ANT1. Collectively, these data identify miR-2861 and ANT1 as two novel regulators of cardiomyocyte necrosis and myocardial infarction, and suggest potential therapeutic targets in treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Bo Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cui-Yun Liu
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yan-Han Dong
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jin-Ning Gao
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Lu-Yu Zhou
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Chao-Qun Wang
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Center for Developmental Cardiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
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9
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Boylston JA, Sun J, Chen Y, Gucek M, Sack MN, Murphy E. Characterization of the cardiac succinylome and its role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 88:73-81. [PMID: 26388266 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Succinylation refers to modification of lysine residues with succinyl groups donated by succinyl-CoA. Sirtuin5 (Sirt5) is a mitochondrial NAD(+)-dependent deacylase that catalyzes the removal of succinyl groups from proteins. Sirt5 and protein succinylation are conserved across species, suggesting functional importance of the modification. Sirt5 loss impacts liver metabolism but the role of succinylation in the heart has not been explored. We combined affinity enrichment with proteomics and mass spectrometry to analyze total succinylated lysine content of mitochondria isolated from WT and Sirt5(-/-) mouse hearts. We identified 887 succinylated lysine residues in 184 proteins. 44 peptides (5 proteins) occurred uniquely in WT samples, 289 (46 proteins) in Sirt5(-/-) samples, and 554 (133 proteins) were common to both groups. The 46 unique proteins in Sirt5(-/-) heart participate in metabolic processes such as fatty acid β-oxidation (Eci2) and branched chain amino acid catabolism, and include respiratory chain proteins (Ndufa7, 12, 13, Dhsa). We performed label-free analysis of the peptides common to WT and Sirt5(-/-) hearts. 16 peptides from 9 proteins were significantly increased in Sirt5(-/-) by at least 30%. The adenine nucleotide transporter 1 showed the highest increase in succinylation in Sirt5(-/-) (108.4 fold). The data indicate that succinylation is widespread in the heart and enriched in metabolic pathways. We examined whether the loss of Sirt5 would impact ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and we found an increase in infarct size in Sirt5(-/-) hearts compared to WT littermates (68.5(+)/-1.1% Sirt5(-/-) vs 39.6(+)/(-) 6.8% WT) following 20min of ischemia and 90-min reperfusion. We further demonstrate that I/R injury in Sirt5(-/-) heart is restored to WT levels by pretreatment with dimethyl malonate, a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), implicating alteration in SDH activity as causative of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junhui Sun
- Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yong Chen
- Proteomics Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Marjan Gucek
- Proteomics Core Facility, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael N Sack
- Center for Molecular Medicine, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Systems Biology Center, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Yu T, Chen C, Sun Y, Sun H, Li TH, Meng J, Shi X. ABT-737 sensitizes curcumin-induced anti-melanoma cell activity through facilitating mPTP death pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:286-91. [PMID: 26116776 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we studied the potential role of ABT-737, a novel Bcl-2 inhibitor, on curcumin-induced anti-melanoma cell activity in vitro. The associated mechanisms were also investigated. We demonstrated that ABT-737 significantly sensitized curcumin-induced activity against melanoma cells (WM-115 and B16 lines), resulting in substantial cell death and apoptosis with co-administration. At the molecular level, curcumin and ABT-737 synergistically induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in melanoma cells, the latter was evidenced by mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) reduction and mitochondrial complexation between cyclophilin-D (CyPD) and adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT-1). Significantly, mPTP blockers, including cyclosporin A and sanglifehrin A, remarkably inhibited curcumin and ABT-737 co-administration-induced cytotoxicity against melanoma cells. Meanwhile, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CyPD or ANT-1, the two key components of mPTP, alleviated WM-116 cell death by the co-treatment. Collectively, we show that ABT-737 sensitizes curcumin-induced anti-melanoma cell activity probably through facilitating mPTP death pathway. ABT-737 could be further investigated as a potential curcumin adjuvant in melanoma and other cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China.
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
| | - Tian-Hang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
| | - Jin Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
| | - Xianhua Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province, 272011, PR China
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11
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Qiu Y, Yu T, Wang W, Pan K, Shi D, Sun H. Curcumin-induced melanoma cell death is associated with mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 448:15-21. [PMID: 24735534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we studied the role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in curcumin's cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. In cultured WM-115 melanoma cells, curcumin induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) decrease, cyclophilin-D (CyPD)-adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT-1) (two mPTP components) mitochondrial association and cytochrome C release, indicating mPTP opening. The mPTP blocker sanglifehrin A (SfA) and ANT-1 siRNA-depletion dramatically inhibited curcumin-induced cytochrome C release and WM-115 cell death. CyPD is required for curcumin-induced melanoma cell death. The CyPD inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) or CyPD siRNA-depletion inhibited curcumin-induced WM-115 cell death and apoptosis, while WM-115 cells with CyPD over-expression were hyper-sensitive to curcumin. Finally, we found that C6 ceramide enhanced curcumin-induced cytotoxicity probably through facilitating mPTP opening, while CsA and SfA as well as CyPD and ANT-1 siRNAs alleviated C6 ceramide's effect on curcumin in WM-115 cells. Together, these results suggest that curcumin-induced melanoma cell death is associated with mPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China.
| | - Teng Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The Skin Disease Hospital of Ji-ning City, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
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Kühl U, Ebermann L, Lassner D, Klingel K, Klumpe I, Winter J, Zeichhardt H, Schultheiss HP, Dörner A. Adenine nucleotide translocase 1 expression affects enterovirus infection in human and murine hearts. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172:e449-52. [PMID: 24485628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Kühl
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumonology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Ebermann
- Helmhotz Centre for Infectious Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dirk Lassner
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy (IKDT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inga Klumpe
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumonology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Winter
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumonology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz Zeichhardt
- Department of Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumonology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Dörner
- Department of Cardiology & Pneumonology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
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Bellanti F, Romano AD, Giudetti AM, Rollo T, Blonda M, Tamborra R, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Many faces of mitochondrial uncoupling during age: damage or defense? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68:892-902. [PMID: 23292290 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An increased mitochondrial proton leak occurs in aging, but the origin of such modification remains unclear. This study defined the cause of mitochondrial uncoupling in mitotic (liver) and postmitotic (heart) rat tissues during aging and its effects on energy homeostasis and free radical production. Proton leak in old heart mitochondria was dependent on uncoupling proteins' upregulation, whereas it was caused by alterations in the mitochondrial membrane composition in old liver. ATP homeostasis was impaired in both tissues from old animals and was associated to disrupted F0F1-ATPase activity. H2O2 production rate and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenalprotein adducts were higher in old liver mitochondria compared with young liver mitochondria, but they were similar in heart mitochondria from both groups. Moreover, key mitochondrial biogenesis regulators were upregulated in old liver but downregulated in old heart. In conclusion, uncoupling proteins mediate proton leak and avoid oxidative damage in heart, acting as a protective mechanism. This does not occur in liver, where ATP depletion and oxidative stress may stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and eliminate damaged cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Foggia 71122, Foggia, Italy.
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Strauss KA, DuBiner L, Simon M, Zaragoza M, Sengupta PP, Li P, Narula N, Dreike S, Platt J, Procaccio V, Ortiz-González XR, Puffenberger EG, Kelley RI, Morton DH, Narula J, Wallace DC. Severity of cardiomyopathy associated with adenine nucleotide translocator-1 deficiency correlates with mtDNA haplogroup. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:3453-8. [PMID: 23401503 PMCID: PMC3587196 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1300690110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded mitochondrial proteins can cause cardiomyopathy associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Hence, the cardiac phenotype of nuclear DNA mitochondrial mutations might be modulated by mtDNA variation. We studied a 13-generation Mennonite pedigree with autosomal recessive myopathy and cardiomyopathy due to an SLC25A4 frameshift null mutation (c.523delC, p.Q175RfsX38), which codes for the heart-muscle isoform of the adenine nucleotide translocator-1. Ten homozygous null (adenine nucleotide translocator-1(-/-)) patients monitored over a median of 6 years had a phenotype of progressive myocardial thickening, hyperalaninemia, lactic acidosis, exercise intolerance, and persistent adrenergic activation. Electrocardiography and echocardiography with velocity vector imaging revealed abnormal contractile mechanics, myocardial repolarization abnormalities, and impaired left ventricular relaxation. End-stage heart disease was characterized by massive, symmetric, concentric cardiac hypertrophy; widespread cardiomyocyte degeneration; overabundant and structurally abnormal mitochondria; extensive subendocardial interstitial fibrosis; and marked hypertrophy of arteriolar smooth muscle. Substantial variability in the progression and severity of heart disease segregated with maternal lineage, and sequencing of mtDNA from five maternal lineages revealed two major European haplogroups, U and H. Patients with the haplogroup U mtDNAs had more rapid and severe cardiomyopathy than those with haplogroup H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A. Strauss
- Clinic for Special Children, Strasburg, PA 17579
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17603
- Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, PA 17602
| | - Lauren DuBiner
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17603
| | - Mariella Simon
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Michael Zaragoza
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | | | - Peng Li
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Navneet Narula
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10019
| | - Sandra Dreike
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children, Honolulu, HI 96826
| | - Julia Platt
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, National Center for Neurodegenerative and Mitochondrial Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d' Angers, 49933 Angers, France
| | - Xilma R. Ortiz-González
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Erik G. Puffenberger
- Clinic for Special Children, Strasburg, PA 17579
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17603
| | - Richard I. Kelley
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - D. Holmes Morton
- Clinic for Special Children, Strasburg, PA 17579
- Department of Biology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA 17603
- Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, PA 17602
| | | | - Douglas C. Wallace
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biological Chemistry and Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
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15
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Dupont PY, Guttin A, Issartel JP, Stepien G. Computational identification of transcriptionally co-regulated genes, validation with the four ANT isoform genes. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:482. [PMID: 22978616 PMCID: PMC3477019 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of gene promoters is essential to understand the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation required under the effects of physiological processes, nutritional intake or pathologies. In higher eukaryotes, transcriptional regulation implies the recruitment of a set of regulatory proteins that bind on combinations of nucleotide motifs. We developed a computational analysis of promoter nucleotide sequences, to identify co-regulated genes by combining several programs that allowed us to build regulatory models and perform a crossed analysis on several databases. This strategy was tested on a set of four human genes encoding isoforms 1 to 4 of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier ANT. Each isoform has a specific tissue expression profile linked to its role in cellular bioenergetics. RESULTS From their promoter sequence and from the phylogenetic evolution of these ANT genes in mammals, we constructed combinations of specific regulatory elements. These models were screened using the full human genome and databases of promoter sequences from human and several other mammalian species. For each of transcriptionally regulated ANT1, 2 and 4 genes, a set of co-regulated genes was identified and their over-expression was verified in microarray databases. CONCLUSIONS Most of the identified genes encode proteins with a cellular function and specificity in agreement with those of the corresponding ANT isoform. Our in silico study shows that the tissue specific gene expression is mainly driven by promoter regulatory sequences located up to about a thousand base pairs upstream the transcription start site. Moreover, this computational strategy on the study of regulatory pathways should provide, along with transcriptomics and metabolomics, data to construct cellular metabolic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Yves Dupont
- INRA, UMR 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
- Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Université, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Guttin
- Institut des Neurosciences, Equipe Nanomédecine et Cerveau, Inserm U836, 38700, La Tronche, France
- Université Joseph Fourier 1, Grenoble, 38041, France
- Plate-forme Transcriptome et Protéome Cliniques, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Paul Issartel
- Institut des Neurosciences, Equipe Nanomédecine et Cerveau, Inserm U836, 38700, La Tronche, France
- Université Joseph Fourier 1, Grenoble, 38041, France
- Plate-forme Transcriptome et Protéome Cliniques, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble, 38043, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Georges Stepien
- INRA, UMR 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, 63122, St Genès-Champanelle, France
- Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Université, BP 10448, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Valdiglesias V, Fernández-Tajes J, Costa C, Méndez J, Pásaro E, Laffon B. Alterations in metabolism-related genes induced in SHSY5Y cells by okadaic acid exposure. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2012; 75:844-856. [PMID: 22788371 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.690703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is a widely distributed marine toxin produced by several phytoplanktonic species and responsible for diarrheic shellfish poisoning in humans. At the molecular level OA is a specific inhibitor of several types of serine/threonine protein phosphatases. Due to this enzymic inhibition, OA was reported to induce numerous alterations in relevant cellular physiological processes, including several metabolic pathways such as glucose uptake, lipolysis and glycolysis, heme metabolism, and glycogen and protein synthesis. In order to further understand the underlying mechanisms involved in OA-induced effects on cellular metabolism, the expression levels of six genes related to different catabolic and anabolic metabolism-related processes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Specifically, the expression patterns of GAPDH, TOMM5, SLC25A4, COII, QARS, and RGS5 genes were determined in SHSY5Y human neuroblastoma cells exposed to OA for 3, 24, or 48 h. All these genes showed alterations in their expression levels after at least one of the OA treatments tested. These alterations provide a basis to understand the mechanisms underlying the previously described OA-induced effects on different metabolic processes, mainly regarding glucose and mitochondrial metabolism. However, other OA-induced affected genes can not be ruled out, and further studies are required to more comprehensively characterize in the mechanisms of OA-induced interaction on cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valdiglesias
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Psychobiology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
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17
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Lim CH, Hamazaki T, Braun EL, Wade J, Terada N. Evolutionary genomics implies a specific function of Ant4 in mammalian and anole lizard male germ cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23122. [PMID: 21858006 PMCID: PMC3155547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most vertebrates have three paralogous genes with identical intron-exon structures and a high degree of sequence identity that encode mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (Ant) proteins, Ant1 (Slc25a4), Ant2 (Slc25a5) and Ant3 (Slc25a6). Recently, we and others identified a fourth mammalian Ant paralog, Ant4 (Slc25a31), with a distinct intron-exon structure and a lower degree of sequence identity. Ant4 was expressed selectively in testis and sperm in adult mammals and was indeed essential for mouse spermatogenesis, but it was absent in birds, fish and frogs. Since Ant2 is X-linked in mammalian genomes, we hypothesized that the autosomal Ant4 gene may compensate for the loss of Ant2 gene expression during male meiosis in mammals. Here we report that the Ant4 ortholog is conserved in green anole lizard (Anolis carolinensis) and demonstrate that it is expressed in the anole testis. Further, a degenerate DNA fragment of putative Ant4 gene was identified in syntenic regions of avian genomes, indicating that Ant4 was present in the common amniote ancestor. Phylogenetic analyses suggest an even more ancient origin of the Ant4 gene. Although anole lizards are presumed male (XY) heterogametic, like mammals, copy numbers of the Ant2 as well as its neighboring gene were similar between male and female anole genomes, indicating that the anole Ant2 gene is either autosomal or located in the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes, in contrast to the case to mammals. These results imply the conservation of Ant4 is not likely simply driven by the sex chromosomal localization of the Ant2 gene and its subsequent inactivation during male meiosis. Taken together with the fact that Ant4 protein has a uniquely conserved structure when compared to other somatic Ant1, 2 and 3, there may be a specific advantage for mammals and lizards to express Ant4 in their male germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Ho Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Takashi Hamazaki
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Edward L. Braun
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Juli Wade
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Naohiro Terada
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Benjamin F, Rodrigue R, Aurelien D, Christophe R, Stephane C, Monique M, Catherine B, Thierry L. The respiratory-dependent assembly of ANT1 differentially regulates Bax and Ca2+ mediated cytochrome c release. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2011; 3:395-409. [PMID: 21196320 DOI: 10.2741/e255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) is a control point of several fundamental cell processes, as diverse as cell energy supply, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, and apoptosis. This paper describes six individual structures of the carrier, distinguished according to ANT1 oligomeric and conformational states, as well as associations with other proteins. Transitions between these structures depend on energy demand and thus contribute to a metabolic reserve of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity. Moreover, at low respiratory chain activity, we demonstrate that, unlike a mitochondrial Ca2+ upload, Bax, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-family protein, is able to trigger a massive release of cytochrome c from one of these ANT1 structures. These new insights emphasize the close relationship between structural rearrangements of ANT and molecular apoptotic events at distinct cell energy levels. OXPHOS functioning has to therefore be considered a crucial control point for the events leading to these contrasting pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustin Benjamin
- INSERM U688, Universite Victor Segalen-Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France
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19
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Huang CC, Hsu CH. [Mitochondrial disease and mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes]. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2009; 18:287-295. [PMID: 20329599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria is an intracellular double membrane-bound structure and it can provide energy for intracellular metabolism. The metabolism includes Krebs cycle, beta-oxidation and lipid synthesis. The density of mitochondria is different in various tissues dependent upon the demands of oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial diseases can occur by defects either in mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA. Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoding for 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs and 13 mRNAs that are translated in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial genetic diseases are most resulted from defects in the mtDNA which may be point mutations, deletions, or mitochondrial DNA depletion. These patterns of inheritance in mitochondrial diseases include sporadic, maternally inherited, or of Mendelian inheritance. Mitochondrial DNA depletion is caused by defects in the nuclear genes that are responsible for maintenance of integrity of mtDNA or deoxyribonucelotide pools and mtDNA biogenesis. The mtDNA depletion syndrome (MDS) includes the following categories: progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), predominant myopathy, mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE), sensory-ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoplegia (SANDO) and hepato-encephalopathy. The most common tissues or organs involved in MDS and related disorders include the brain, liver and muscles. These involved genes are divided into two groups including 1) DNA polymerase gamma (POLG, POLG2) and Twinkle genes whose products function directly at the mtDNA replication fork, and 2) adenine nucleotide translocator 1, thymidine phosphorylase, thymidine kinase 2, deoxyguanosine kinase, ADP-forming succinyl-CoA synthetase ligase, MPV17 whose products supply the mitochondria with deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate pools needed for mtDNA replication, and possible mutation in the RRM2B gene. The development has provided new information about the importance of the biosynthetic pathway of the nucleotides for mtDNA replication. Further investigation on the understatanding between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes is expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Chen YX, Wang WP, Zhang PY, Zhang WG, Liu J, Ma XR. [Expression of genes psma6 and slc25a4 in patients with acute monocytic leukemia]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2009; 17:1168-1173. [PMID: 19840444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of genes psma6 and slc25a4 in bone marrow of patients with acute monocytic leukemia and their correlation with clinical features and prognosis. The expression levels of genes psma6 and slc25a4 in AML-M5 leukemia cells, normal blood cells and non-leukemia cells were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and compared each other. The expression levels of psma6-encoding protein P27K was assayed by using immunohistochemistry method. The results showed that the expression levels of psma6 mRNA in AML-M5 leukemia cells was lower than that in non AML-M5 leukemia cells, non-leukemia cells and normal blood cells. The results obtained by immunohistochemistry assay were consistent with above-mentioned results. The expression level of psma6 in AML-M5 patients with complete remission was higher than that in AML-M5 patients without remission. The expression level of P27K protein in AML-M5 and AL correlated to leukocyte count in peripheral blood and LDH content. The overexpression of slc25a4 mRNA was found in AML-M5, but there was no significant difference in slc25a4 mRNA expression between the patients with complete remission and those without remission. It is concluded that the expression level of psma6 is probably a new prognostic indicator of acute monocytic leukemia, slc25a4 may be a novel gene of antigen associated with acute monocytic leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xia Chen
- Department of Clinical Hematology, The Second Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Yang L, He Y, Kong Q, Zhang W, Xi D, Mao H, Deng W. Isolation, nucleotide identification and tissue expression of three novel ovine genes-SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:2743-8. [PMID: 19763879 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The complete coding sequences of three of sheep genes SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6 were firstly amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) according to the conserved sequence information of the cattle or other mammals and known highly homologous sheep ESTs. Sheep SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6 genes encode three corresponding proteins of 298 amino acids which contain the identically conserved putative mitochondrial carrier protein domain. Sheep SLC25A4 protein has high homology with the SLC25A4 proteins of six species-cattle (99%), human (95%), rat (95%), mouse (94%), dog (94%) and chicken (89%). Sheep SLC25A5 protein has high identity with the SLC25A5 proteins of five species-cattle (100%), dog (99%), mouse (98%), rat (98%) and human (98%). Sheep SLC25A6 protein also has high homology with the SLC25A6 proteins of four species-cattle (99%), human (97%), pig (97%) and chicken (93%). The phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that sheep SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6 proteins share a common ancestor. Moreover, SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6 proteins present stronger interaction each other. The tissue expression analysis indicated that sheep SLC25A4, SLC25A5 and SLC25A6 genes were expressed in a range of tissues including leg muscle, kidney, skin, longissimus dorsi muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Our experiment is the first to provide the primary foundation for further insight into these three sheep genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Yang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Martin LJ, Gertz B, Pan Y, Price AC, Molkentin JD, Chang Q. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore in motor neurons: involvement in the pathobiology of ALS mice. Exp Neurol 2009; 218:333-46. [PMID: 19272377 PMCID: PMC2710399 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons (MNs) that causes paralysis. Some forms of ALS are inherited, caused by mutations in the superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene. The mechanisms of human mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) toxicity to MNs are unresolved. Mitochondria in MNs might be key sites for ALS pathogenesis, but cause-effect relationships between mSOD1 and mitochondriopathy need further study. We used transgenic mSOD1 mice to test the hypothesis that the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is involved in the MN degeneration of ALS. Components of the multi-protein mPTP are expressed highly in mouse MNs, including the voltage-dependent anion channel, adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), and cyclophilin D (CyPD), and are present in mitochondria marked by manganese SOD. MNs in pre-symptomatic mSOD1-G93A mice form swollen megamitochondria with CyPD immunoreactivity. Early disease is associated with mitochondrial cristae remodeling and matrix vesiculation in ventral horn neuron dendrites. MN cell bodies accumulate mitochondria derived from the distal axons projecting to skeletal muscle. Incipient disease in spinal cord is associated with increased oxidative and nitrative stress, indicated by protein carbonyls and nitration of CyPD and ANT. Reducing the levels of CyPD by genetic ablation significantly delays disease onset and extends the lifespan of G93A-mSOD1 mice expressing high and low levels of mutant protein in a gender-dependent pattern. These results demonstrate that mitochondria have causal roles in the disease mechanisms in MNs in ALS mice. This work defines a new mitochondrial mechanism for MN degeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Martin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2196, USA.
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Lamperti C, Zeviani M. Encephalomyopathies caused by abnormal nuclear-mitochondrial intergenomic cross-talk. Acta Myol 2009; 28:2-11. [PMID: 19772189 PMCID: PMC2859628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant Progressive External Ophthalmoplegias are Mendelian disorders characterized by the accumulation of multiple deletions of mitochondrial DNA in critical tissues. Most of the Autosomal dominant Progressive External Ophthalmoplegias families carry heterozygous mutations in one of three genes: ANT1, encoding the muscle-heart specific mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator, Twinkle, encoding the mitochondrial DNA helicase, and POLG1, encoding the catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial DNA-specific polymerase. Mutations in both POLG1 alleles are also found in autosomal recessive Progressive External Ophthalmoplegias sibships with multiple affected members and in apparently sporadic cases. In addition, recessive POLG1 mutations are responsible for three additional diseases: Alpers-Huttenlocher hepatopathic poliodystrophy, Sensory-Ataxic Neuropathy Dysarthria and Ophthalmoplegia and juvenile SpinoCerebellar Ataxia-Epilepsy syndrome. Mitochondrial neuro-gastro-intestinal encephalomyopathy is an autosomal recessive disorder of juvenile onset, caused by mutations in the gene encoding Thymidine Phosphorylase. Thymidine Phosphorylase is involved in the control and maintenance of the pyrimidine nucleoside pool of the cell. Finally, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number. Clinically, they include a myopathic form, a more generalized encephalomyopathic form and a fatal infantile hepato-cerebral syndrome leading to rapidly progressive liver and brain failure. To date, eight genes have been associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Novel disease genes have recently been added to this list, including OPA1 and GFER, and new clinical variants add further complexity to this expanding area of mitochondrial medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lamperti
- Unit of Molecular Neurogenetics, "C. Besta" Neurological Institute - IRCCS Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Spitsina EV, Svetlova GN, Chudakova DA, Nikitin AG, Kuraeva TL, Strokov IA, Nosikov VV. [Association of the T(-365)C POLG1, G(-25)A ANT1 and G(-605)T PEO1 gene polymorphisms with diabetic polyneuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2009; 43:378-382. [PMID: 19425506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the search of association of polymorphic markers T(-365)C of POLG1 gene, G(-25)A of ANT1 gene and G(-605)T of PEO1 gene with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. All patients were ethnic Russians from Moscow, with a T1DM record of no more than 5 years and DPN or a T1DM record of more than 10 years but without DPN. We have found that polymorphic marker T(-365)C of POLG1 gene was associated with DPN in Russian patients with T1DM. The carriers of C allele and CC genotype had higher risk of DPN development (OR = 1.62; CI = 1.11-238; and OR = 1.76; CI = 0.99-3.13; relatively). On the contrary, the carriage of T allele and TT genotype were associated with the lower risk of DPN development (OR = 0.62, CI = 0.42-0.90; and OR = 0.61; CI = 035-1.07; relatively). We have not found any association of polymorphic markers G(-25)A of ANT1 gene and G(-605)T of PEO1 gene with DPN in Russian patients with T1DM living in Moscow.
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Vempati UD, Torraco A, Moraes CT. Mouse models of oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction and disease. Methods 2008; 46:241-7. [PMID: 18848991 PMCID: PMC2652743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency results in a number of human diseases, affecting at least one in 5000 of the general population. Altering the function of genes by mutations are central to our understanding their function. Prior to the development of gene targeting, this approach was limited to rare spontaneous mutations that resulted in a phenotype. Since its discovery, targeted mutagenesis of the mouse germline has proved to be a powerful approach to understand the in vivo function of genes. Gene targeting has yielded remarkable understanding of the role of several gene products in the OXPHOS system. We provide a "tool box" of mouse models with OXPHOS defects that could be used to answer diverse scientific questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos T. Moraes
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Miami, USA
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Pirozhkova I, Petrov A, Dmitriev P, Laoudj D, Lipinski M, Vassetzky Y. A functional role for 4qA/B in the structural rearrangement of the 4q35 region and in the regulation of FRG1 and ANT1 in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3389. [PMID: 18852887 PMCID: PMC2561064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of D4Z4 repeats in the subtelomeric region of chromosome 4q is strongly reduced in patients with Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD). We performed chromosome conformation capture (3C) analysis to document the interactions taking place among different 4q35 markers. We found that the reduced number of D4Z4 repeats in FSHD myoblasts was associated with a global alteration of the three-dimensional structure of the 4q35 region. Indeed, differently from normal myoblasts, the 4qA/B marker interacted directly with the promoters of the FRG1 and ANT1 genes in FSHD cells. Along with the presence of a newly identified transcriptional enhancer within the 4qA allele, our demonstration of an interaction occurring between chromosomal segments located megabases away on the same chromosome 4q allows to revisit the possible mechanisms leading to FSHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Pirozhkova
- Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS UMR 8126, Interactions moléculaires et cancer, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Andrei Petrov
- Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS UMR 8126, Interactions moléculaires et cancer, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Petr Dmitriev
- Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS UMR 8126, Interactions moléculaires et cancer, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Dalila Laoudj
- INSERM, ERI25, F-34000, Montpellier, France, Université Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Lipinski
- Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS UMR 8126, Interactions moléculaires et cancer, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yegor Vassetzky
- Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS UMR 8126, Interactions moléculaires et cancer, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
- * E-mail:
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Bogazzi F, Raggi F, Ultimieri F, Russo D, Manariti A, D'Alessio A, Viacava P, Fanelli G, Gasperi M, Bartalena L, Martino E. Cardiac expression of adenine nucleotide translocase-1 in transgenic mice overexpressing bovine GH. J Endocrinol 2007; 194:521-7. [PMID: 17761891 DOI: 10.1677/joe-07-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart hypertrophy is a common finding of acromegaly, a syndrome due to GH excess. Impairment of adenine nucleotide translocase-1 (ANT-1) gene, the main mitochondrial ADP/ATP exchanger, leads to cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of the study was to evaluate cardiac expression and the functional role of ANT-1 in 1- to 12-month-old transgenic mice overexpressing bovine GH (acromegalic mice, Acro) and littermate controls (wild-type mice, Wt). GH specificity of protein degree variation was assessed treating Acro with pegvisomant, a GH receptor competitor. Tissue levels of ANT-1, NF-kappaB, ATP, and lactic acid were evaluated by western blot, bioluminescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy respectively. The degree of ANT-1 expression was higher in 1-month-old Acro than in Wt (47+/-5% OD vs 33+/-4% OD, P<0 01). On the contrary, ANT-1 expression was lower in 3- to 12-month-old Acro than in Wt (P<0 03). Changes in ANT-1 expression were associated with consistent changes of cellular ATP content, increasing at 1 month (P<0 05) and reducing thereafter in Acro when compared with Wt (P<0 04). Treatment with pegvisomant abolished ANT-1 and ATP changes observed in 1- and 3-month-old Acro, thus supporting a GH-dependent mechanism. Reduced ATP generation in hypertrophied hearts of older Acro was associated with increased lactic acid levels suggesting that part of energy was due to glycolysis. Variations in ANT-1 expression were linked to GH through changes in NF-kappaB, the levels of which changed accordingly. In conclusion, 1-month-old acromegalic mice had increased ANT-1 expression and higher degree of ATP production. Long-standing disease was associated with a consistent reduction of ANT-1 and ATP tissue levels, which became GH-independent in older animals. This study demonstrated a direct effect of GH on key proteins involved in energy metabolism of acromegalic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Bogazzi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Ospedale Cisanello, Via Paradisa 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Andersen JL, DeHart JL, Zimmerman ES, Ardon O, Kim B, Jacquot G, Benichou S, Planelles V. HIV-1 Vpr-induced apoptosis is cell cycle dependent and requires Bax but not ANT. PLoS Pathog 2007; 2:e127. [PMID: 17140287 PMCID: PMC1665652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.0020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 accessory protein viral protein R (Vpr) causes G2 arrest and apoptosis in infected cells. We previously identified the DNA damage–signaling protein ATR as the cellular factor that mediates Vpr-induced G2 arrest and apoptosis. Here, we examine the mechanism of induction of apoptosis by Vpr and how it relates to induction of G2 arrest. We find that entry into G2 is a requirement for Vpr to induce apoptosis. We investigated the role of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore by knockdown of its essential component, the adenine nucleotide translocator. We found that Vpr-induced apoptosis was unaffected by knockdown of ANT. Instead, apoptosis is triggered through a different mitochondrial pore protein, Bax. In support of the idea that checkpoint activation and apoptosis induction are functionally linked, we show that Bax activation by Vpr was ablated when ATR or GADD45α was knocked down. Certain mutants of Vpr, such as R77Q and I74A, identified in long-term nonprogressors, have been proposed to inefficiently induce apoptosis while activating the G2 checkpoint in a normal manner. We tested the in vitro phenotypes of these mutants and found that their abilities to induce apoptosis and G2 arrest are indistinguishable from those of HIV-1NL4–3vpr, providing additional support to the idea that G2 arrest and apoptosis induction are mechanistically linked. HIV-1 encodes a small gene known as vpr (viral protein regulatory) whose product is a 96–amino acid protein. HIV-1 infects cells of the immune system, such as CD4-positive lymphocytes. When cells become infected with HIV-1, two deleterious effects result from expression of the vpr gene. One effect of vpr is to manipulate the cell cycle by blocking the cells in G2 (the phase of the cell cycle immediately preceding mitosis). Thus, cells infected with HIV-1 cease to proliferate, due to the action of vpr. A second effect of vpr is the induction of cell death by a process known as apoptosis or programmed cell death. When cells die by apoptosis, they do so following activation of a cellular set of genes and proteins whose primary function is to inactivate various cellular functions that are needed in order to maintain cellular viability. In this study, Andersen et al. demonstrate that the above two effects of vpr are linked. In particular, the authors show that the blockade in cell proliferation in G2 is a requirement toward the onset of programmed cell death. Programmed cell death can be accomplished by a number of cellular proteins known as “executioners.” Various executioner proteins reside on the mitochondrial membranes and may trigger release of factors from the mitochondria, which in turn will precipitate the onset of apoptosis. In this work Anderson et al. identify the mitochondrial protein, Bax, as the key executioner of apoptosis in the context of HIV-1 vpr. The authors' findings provide important mechanistic understanding of how the vpr gene contributes to HIV-1–induced cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Andersen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jason L DeHart
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Erik S Zimmerman
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Orly Ardon
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Baek Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Guillaume Jacquot
- Departement de Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Serge Benichou
- Departement de Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
| | - Vicente Planelles
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Hu M, Campbell BE, Pellegrino M, Loukas A, Beveridge I, Ranganathan S, Gasser RB. Genomic characterization of Tv-ant-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans tag-61 homologue from the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus vitrinus. Gene 2007; 397:12-25. [PMID: 17512141 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A full-length cDNA (Tv-ant-1) encoding an adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT or ADP/ATP translocase) (Tv-ANT-1) was isolated from Trichostrongylus vitrinus (order Strongylida), an economically important parasitic nematode of small ruminants. The uninterrupted open reading frame (ORF) of 894 nucleotides encoded a predicted protein of 297 amino acids, containing characteristic motifs [RRRMMM] and PX(D,E)XX(K,R). Comparison with selected sequences from the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, cattle and human showed that Tv-ANT-1 is relatively conserved. Sequence identity was the greatest in and near the consensus sequence RRRMMM, and in the six hydrophobic regions predicted to be associated with alpha-helices and to traverse the cell membrane. Phylogenetic analyses of selected amino acid sequence data, using the neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony methods, revealed Tv-ANT-1 to be most closely related to the molecule (Ce-ANT-3) inferred from the tag-61 gene of C. elegans. Comparison of the genomic organization of the full-length Tv-ant-1 gene was similar to that of tag-61. Analysis of the region (5'-UTR) upstream of Tv-ant-1 identified some promoter components, including GATA transcription factor, CAAT and E-box elements. Transcriptional analysis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that Tv-ant-1 was transcribed in all developmental stages of T. vitrinus, including the first- to fourth- stage larvae (L(1)-L(4)) as well as female and male adults. RNA interference, conducted by feeding C. elegans with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from Tv-ant-1 cDNA (using the homologous gene from C. elegans as a positive control), revealed no gene silencing. In spite of nucleotide identities of 100% in 23-30 bp stretches of sequence between the genes Tv-ant-1 and tag-61, these identities seem to be insufficient to achieve effective silencing in C. elegans using the parasite homologue/orthologue Tv-ant-1. This first insight into an ANT of T. vitrinus provides a foundation for exploring its role in developmental and/or survival processes of trichostrongylid nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
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Weber APM, Fischer K. Making the connections--the crucial role of metabolite transporters at the interface between chloroplast and cytosol. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:2215-22. [PMID: 17316618 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells are most fascinating because of their high degree of compartmentation. This is particularly true for plant cells, due to the presence of chloroplasts, photosynthetic organelles of endosymbiotic origin that can be traced back to a single cyanobacterial ancestor. Plastids are major hubs in the metabolic network of plant cells, their metabolism being heavily intertwined with that of the cytosol and of other organelles. Solute transport across the plastid envelope by metabolite transporters is key to integrating plastid metabolism with that of other cellular compartments. Here, we review the advances in understanding metabolite transport across the plastid envelope membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas P M Weber
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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Walther T, Tschöpe C, Sterner-Kock A, Westermann D, Heringer-Walther S, Riad A, Nikolic A, Wang Y, Ebermann L, Siems WE, Bader M, Shakibaei M, Schultheiss HP, Dörner A. Accelerated mitochondrial adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate transport improves hypertension-induced heart disease. Circulation 2007; 115:333-44. [PMID: 17210842 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.643296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence suggests that mitochondrial malfunction, which leads to disturbed energy metabolism and stimulated apoptosis, is a linchpin in the induction and manifestation of cardiac failure. An adequate exchange of ATP and ADP over the inner mitochondrial membrane by the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is thereby essential to guarantee the cellular energy supply. METHODS AND RESULTS To explore the effect of an ameliorated mitochondrial ATP/ADP transportation on cardiac dysfunction, we generated transgenic rats overexpressing ANT1 in the heart (ANT rats) and crossed them with renin-overexpressing rats (REN rats) suffering from hypertension-induced cardiac insufficiency. Cardiac-specific ANT1 overexpression resulted in a higher ATP/ADP transportation and elevated activities of respiratory chain complexes. Increased ANT activity in double-transgenic (ANT/REN) animals did not influence excessive hypertension seen in REN rats. Hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy in the REN rats was prevented by parallel ANT1 overexpression, however, and left ventricular function remarkably improved. The ANT1 overexpression led to a reduction in fibrosis and an improvement in cardiac tissue architecture. Consequently, the survival rate of ANT/REN rats was enhanced. Further investigations into the cardioprotective mechanism of ANT1 overexpression revealed improved mitochondrial structure and function and significantly reduced apoptosis in ANT/REN rats, shown by lowered cytosolic/mitochondrial cytochrome c ratio, reduced caspase 3 level, and prevented DNA degradation. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial ANT1 overexpression protects against hypertension-induced cardiac pathology. Thus, the improvement in mitochondrial function may be a basic principle for new strategies in treating heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Walther
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Cardiology and Pneumonology, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
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Nichols WC, Marek DK, Pauciulo MW, Pankratz N, Halter CA, Rudolph A, Shults CW, Wojcieszek J, Foroud T. R1514Q substitution in Lrrk2 is not a pathogenic Parkinson's disease mutation. Mov Disord 2007; 22:254-7. [PMID: 17149721 DOI: 10.1002/mds.21233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LRRK2 were first reported as causing Parkinson's disease (PD) in late 2004. Since then, approximately a dozen LRRK2 substitutions have been identified that are believed to be pathogenic mutations. The substitution of adenine for guanine at nucleotide 4541 (4541G>A) in LRRK2 was recently reported. This substitution resulted in the replacement of an arginine at position 1514 with a glutamine (R1514Q). Although this substitution was not found in a large cohort of controls, its pathogenicity could not be verified. We have now genotyped the R1514Q substitution in a sample of 954 PD patients from 429 multiplex PD families. This substitution was identified in 1.8% of the PD patients; however, the majority of the PD sibships segregating this substitution were discordant for this putative mutation. In addition, the R1514Q substitution was detected in 1.4% of neurologically evaluated, control individuals. These data suggest that the R1514Q variant is not a pathogenic LRRK2 mutation. We believe it is imperative that the causative nature of any newly identified genetic variant be determined before it is included in any panel for diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
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33
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Le Bras M, Borgne-Sanchez A, Touat Z, El Dein OS, Deniaud A, Maillier E, Lecellier G, Rebouillat D, Lemaire C, Kroemer G, Jacotot E, Brenner C. Chemosensitization by knockdown of adenine nucleotide translocase-2. Cancer Res 2006; 66:9143-52. [PMID: 16982757 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) is a rate-limiting step of apoptosis, including in anticancer chemotherapy. Adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) mediates the exchange of ADP and ATP on the inner mitochondrial membrane in healthy cells. In addition, ANT can cooperate with Bax to form a lethal pore during apoptosis. Humans possess four distinct ANT isoforms, encoded by four genes, whose transcription depends on the cell type, developmental stage, cell proliferation, and hormone status. Here, we show that the ANT2 gene is up-regulated in several hormone-dependent cancers. Knockdown of ANT2 by RNA interference induced no major changes in the aspect of the mitochondrial network or cell cycle but provoked minor increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reactive oxygen species level and reduced intracellular ATP concentration without affecting glycolysis. At expression and functional levels, ANT2 depletion was not compensated by other ANT isoforms. Most importantly, ANT2, but not ANT1, silencing facilitated MMP induction by lonidamine, a mitochondrion-targeted antitumor compound already used in clinical studies for breast, ovarian, glioma, and lung cancer as well as prostate adenoma. The combination of ANT2 knockdown with lonidamine induced apoptosis irrespective of the Bcl-2 status. These data identify ANT2 as an endogenous inhibitor of MMP and suggest that its selective inhibition could constitute a promising strategy of chemosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Le Bras
- Centre National de la Reserche Scientifique UMR 8159, Université de Versailles/St. Quentin, Versailles, France
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Shabalina I, Kramarova T, Nedergaard J, Cannon B. Carboxyatractyloside effects on brown-fat mitochondria imply that the adenine nucleotide translocator isoforms ANT1 and ANT2 may be responsible for basal and fatty-acid-induced uncoupling respectively. Biochem J 2006; 399:405-14. [PMID: 16831128 PMCID: PMC1615905 DOI: 10.1042/bj20060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In brown-fat mitochondria, fatty acids induce thermogenic uncoupling through activation of UCP1 (uncoupling protein 1). However, even in brown-fat mitochondria from UCP1-/- mice, fatty-acid-induced uncoupling exists. In the present investigation, we used the inhibitor CAtr (carboxyatractyloside) to examine the involvement of the ANT (adenine nucleotide translocator) in the mediation of this UCP1-independent fatty-acid-induced uncoupling in brown-fat mitochondria. We found that the contribution of ANT to fatty-acid-induced uncoupling in UCP1-/- brown-fat mitochondria was minimal (whereas it was responsible for nearly half the fatty-acid-induced uncoupling in liver mitochondria). As compared with liver mitochondria, brown-fat mitochondria exhibit a relatively high (UCP1-independent) basal respiration ('proton leak'). Unexpectedly, a large fraction of this high basal respiration was sensitive to CAtr, whereas in liver mitochondria, basal respiration was CAtr-insensitive. Total ANT protein levels were similar in brown-fat mitochondria from wild-type mice and in liver mitochondria, but the level was increased in brown-fat mitochondria from UCP1-/- mice. However, in liver, only Ant2 mRNA was found, whereas in brown adipose tissue, Ant1 and Ant2 mRNA levels were equal. The data are therefore compatible with a tentative model in which the ANT2 isoform mediates fatty-acid-induced uncoupling, whereas the ANT1 isoform may mediate a significant part of the high basal proton leak in brown-fat mitochondria.
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MESH Headings
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1/biosynthesis
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1/genetics
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1/physiology
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2/biosynthesis
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2/genetics
- Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2/physiology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Animals
- Atractyloside/analogs & derivatives
- Atractyloside/pharmacology
- Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone/pharmacology
- Cell Respiration/drug effects
- Crosses, Genetic
- Fatty Acids/metabolism
- Fatty Acids/pharmacology
- Guanosine Diphosphate/pharmacology
- Ion Channels/deficiency
- Ion Channels/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism
- Mitochondrial Proteins/deficiency
- Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics
- Models, Biological
- Oleic Acid/pharmacology
- Organ Specificity
- Oxygen Consumption/drug effects
- Palmitates/pharmacology
- Protons
- Pyruvic Acid/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Thermogenesis/drug effects
- Thermogenesis/physiology
- Uncoupling Agents/pharmacology
- Uncoupling Protein 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G. Shabalina
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatiana V. Kramarova
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Cannon
- The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Hudson G, Deschauer M, Taylor RW, Hanna MG, Fialho D, Schaefer AM, He LP, Blakely E, Turnbull DM, Chinnery PF. POLG1, C10ORF2, and ANT1 mutations are uncommon in sporadic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions. Neurology 2006; 66:1439-41. [PMID: 16682683 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000210486.32196.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors sequenced POLG1, C10ORF2, and ANT1 in 38 sporadic progressive external ophthalmoplegia patients with multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions. Causative mutations were identified in approximately 10% of cases, with two unrelated individuals harboring a novel premature stop codon mutation (1356T>G). None had a mutation in C10ORF2 or ANT1. In the majority of patients, the primary nuclear genetic defect is likely to affect other unknown genes important for mtDNA maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hudson
- Mitochondrial Research Group, The Medical School, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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36
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Naïmi M, Bannwarth S, Procaccio V, Pouget J, Desnuelle C, Pellissier JF, Rötig A, Munnich A, Calvas P, Richelme C, Jonveaux P, Castelnovo G, Simon M, Simon M, Clanet M, Wallace D, Paquis-Flucklinger V. Molecular analysis of ANT1, TWINKLE and POLG in patients with multiple deletions or depletion of mitochondrial DNA by a dHPLC-based assay. Eur J Hum Genet 2006; 14:917-22. [PMID: 16639411 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
ANT1, TWINKLE and POLG genes affect mtDNA stability and are involved in autosomal dominant PEO, while mutations in POLG are responsible for numerous clinical presentations, including autosomal recessive PEO, sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria and ophthalmoparesis (SANDO), spino-cerebellar ataxia and epilepsy (SCAE) or Alpers syndrome. In this study, we report on the mutational analysis of ANT1, TWINKLE and POLG genes in 15 unrelated patients, using a dHPLC-based protocol. This series of patients illustrates the large array of clinical presentations associated with mtDNA stability defects, ranging from isolated benign PEO to fatal Alpers syndrome. A total of seven different mutations were identified in six of 15 patients (40%). Six different recessive mutations were found in POLG, one in TWINKLE while no mutation was identified in ANT1. Among the POLG mutations, three are novel and include two missense and one frameshift changes. Seventeen neutral changes and polymorphisms were also identified, including four novel neutral polymorphisms. Overall, this study illustrates the variability of phenotypes associated with mtDNA stability defects, increases the mutational spectrum of POLG variants and provides an efficient and reliable detection protocol for ANT1, TWINKLE and POLG mutational screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Naïmi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Archet 2 Hospital, CHU Nice, France
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37
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González-Vioque E, Blázquez A, Fernández-Moreira D, Bornstein B, Bautista J, Arpa J, Navarro C, Campos Y, Fernández-Moreno MA, Garesse R, Arenas J, Martín MA. Association of novel POLG mutations and multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions with variable clinical phenotypes in a Spanish population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 63:107-11. [PMID: 16401742 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.63.1.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both dominant and recessive mutations were reported in the gene encoding the mitochondrial (mt) DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) in patients with progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO). Phenotypes other than PEO were recently documented in patients with mutations in the POLG gene. OBJECTIVE To screen patients with mitochondrial disease and multiple mtDNA deletions in muscle for mutations in the coding regions of the POLG, PEO1, and SLC25A4 genes. DESIGN To identify the underlying molecular defect in a group of patients with multiple mtDNA deletions comparing their molecular genetic findings with those of healthy controls. PATIENTS Twenty-four patients (16 men and 8 women) diagnosed with mitochondrial disease and having multiple mtDNA deletions in muscle by Southern blot analysis. Thirteen patients had PEO; 2 had PEO alone, 4 had PEO and myopathy, and 5 had PEO and multisystem involvement. Four patients had multisystem disease without PEO. The remaining 9 patients had isolated myopathy. DNA from 100 healthy individuals was also studied. RESULTS No mutation was identified in the PEO1 or SLC25A4 genes. Nine POLG mutations were observed in 6 of 24 patients. Four novel mutations were detected and mapped in the linker region (M603L) and in the pol domain of the enzyme (R853W; D1184N; R1146C). Five patients with PEO had mutations: 2 were compound heterozygotes, 1 was homozygous, and another showed a mutation in a single allele. The remaining patient also showed a sole mutation and had an unusual phenotype lacking ocular involvement. CONCLUSIONS POLG molecular defects were found in 25% of our patients with multiple mtDNA deletions and mitochondrial disease. The uncommon phenotype found in 1 of these patients stresses the clinical variability of patients harboring POLG mutations. Molecular studies in the POLG gene should be addressed in patients with mitochondrial disease, particularly in those with PEO, and multiple mtDNA deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano González-Vioque
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Spain
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38
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Fan S, Goto K, Chen G, Morinaga H, Nomura M, Okabe T, Nawata H, Yanase T. Identification of the functional domains of ANT-1, a novel coactivator of the androgen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 341:192-201. [PMID: 16414017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we identified a transcriptional coactivator for the activation function-1 (AF-1) domain of the human androgen receptor (AR) and designated it androgen receptor N-terminal domain transactivating protein-1 (ANT-1). This coactivator, which contains multiple tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs from amino acid (aa) 294, is identical to a component of U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles and binds specifically to the AR or glucocorticoid receptor. Here, we identified four distinct functional domains. The AR-AF-1-binding domain, which bound to either aa 180-360 or 360-532 in AR-AF-1, clearly overlapped with TAU-1 and TAU-5. This domain and the subnuclear speckle formation domain in ANT-1 were assigned within the TPR motifs, while the transactivating and nuclear localization signal domains resided within the N-terminal sequence. The existence of these functional domains may further support the idea that ANT-1 can function as an AR-AF-1-specific coactivator while mediating a transcription-splicing coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Fan
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science (3rd Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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39
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Lodi T, Bove C, Fontanesi F, Viola AM, Ferrero I. Mutation D104G in ANT1 gene: complementation study in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 341:810-5. [PMID: 16438935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human ANT1 gene, coding for the ADP/ATP carrier, are responsible for the autosomal dominant and recessive forms of progressive external ophthalmoplegia, mitochondrial disorders characterized by the presence of multiple deletions of mitochondrial DNA in affected tissues. By introducing these mutations at equivalent position in AAC2, the yeast orthologue of ANT1, we created a suitable model for validation of the pathogenicity of the human mutations. Here, we describe the use of this approach in the case of mutations mapping in domains not conserved between human and yeast, taking advantage of a yAAC2/hANT1 chimeric construction as a template to introduce pathogenic hANT1 mutations. Application to the case of the D104G mutation indicated that the chimeric construction could be a tool for validation of pathogenic ANT1 mutations in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Genetics Anthropology Evolution, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy.
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40
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Hang T, Huang Z, Jiang S, Gong J, Wang C, Xie D, Ren H. Apoptosis in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy is mediated, in part, by adenine nucleotide translocator-1. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2006; 36:88-95. [PMID: 16501242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the role of adenine nucleotide translocator-1 (ANT1) in cardiomyocyte apoptosis during left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) that developed in response to pressure overload. Pressure overload was induced surgically in 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats by thoracic aortic constriction at 12 weeks of age. An equal number of sham-operated, age-matched male rats served as controls. Aortic blood pressure (ABP), LVH, myocardial apoptosis index (MAI), and ANT1 mRNA expression were quantified in 7 subgroups of 3 treated and 3 control rats that were killed, respectively, at 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, or 30 days post-surgery. Compared to controls, ABP increased gradually throughout the study in the treated rats with aortic coarctation; LVH did not develop significantly until 4 days post-surgery and increased progressively afterwards. The myocardial apoptosis index (assayed by TUNEL-labeling) increased immediately post-surgery, reached a plateau from 4 to 7 days, and then declined rapidly; apoptosis was undetectable throughout the study in cardiomyocytes of control rats. In treated rats, the expression of ANT1 mRNA in myocardium was up-regulated at 4 days, peaked at 7 days, and returned to control levels at 14 days post-surgery. These findings suggest that (i) apoptosis of cardiomyocytes is an important regulatory mechanism that is involved in the cardiac adaptive response to pressure overload, and (ii) the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes is mediated, in part, by ANT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, P.R.China.
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41
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Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) comprise a growing list of potentially lethal diseases caused by mutations in either mitochondrial (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA). Two such conditions, autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO) and Senger's Syndrome, are associated with dysfunction of the heart and muscle-specific isoform of the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT1), a nDNA gene product that facilitates transport of ATP and ADP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. AdPEO is a mtDNA deletion disorder broadly characterized by pathology involving the eyes, skeletal muscle, and central nervous system. In addition to ANT1, mutations in at least two other nuclear genes, twinkle and POLG, have been shown to cause mtDNA destabilization associated with adPEO. Senger's syndrome is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by congenital heart defects, abnormalities of skeletal muscle mitochondria, cataracts, and elevated circulatory levels of lactic acid. This syndrome is associated with severe depletion of ANT1, which may be the result of an as yet unidentified ANT1-specific transcriptional or translational processing error. ANT1 has also been associated with a third condition, autosomal dominant facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), an adult onset disorder characterized by variable muscle weakness in the face, feet, shoulders, and hips. FSHD patients possess specific DNA deletions on chromosome 4, which appear to cause derepression of several nearby genes, including ANT1. Early development of FSHD may involve mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress, possibly associated with overexpression of ANT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Daniel Sharer
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
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Yin H, Stahl JS, Andrade FH, McMullen CA, Webb-Wood S, Newman NJ, Biousse V, Wallace DC, Pardue MT. Eliminating theAnt1Isoform Produces a Mouse with CPEO Pathology but Normal Ocular Motility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 46:4555-62. [PMID: 16303948 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.05-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The adenine nucleotide transporter 1 gene (ANT1) encodes an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that transports ATP into the cell. Mutations within ANT1 produce a syndrome of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) in humans. Ant1 knockout (Ant1-/-) mice develop cardiomyopathy and mitochondrial myopathy of limb muscles. Because the extraocular muscles (EOM) are preferentially affected in human CPEO, the objective of this study was to determine whether Ant1-/- mice also exhibit an EOM mitochondrial myopathy. METHODS ANT isoform expression of isolated EOMs, EOM morphology and mitochondrial content, mitochondrial structure and function, ocular motility in intact mice, and contractile performance in isolated muscle preparations were examined. RESULTS Ant1-/- EOMs had the typical appearance of mitochondrial myopathy, including increase in mitochondrial size, number, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) staining. However, there were no measurable ocular motor abnormalities in intact Ant1-/- mice, and their isolated EOMs did not show evidence of increased fatigability. EOMs of wild-type mice exhibited higher levels of Ant2 mRNA compared with hindlimb muscle, which may compensate for the Ant1 loss in mutant mouse EOMs and account for the normal EOM function. CONCLUSIONS The Ant1-/- mice provide a model in which to study CPEO pathology and compensatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30033, USA
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zamzami
- CNRS-UMR8125, Laboratoire de Génomique Cellulaire des Cancers, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 rue Camille-Desmoulins, F-94805 Villejuif, France
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Palmieri L, Alberio S, Pisano I, Lodi T, Meznaric-Petrusa M, Zidar J, Santoro A, Scarcia P, Fontanesi F, Lamantea E, Ferrero I, Zeviani M. Complete loss-of-function of the heart/muscle-specific adenine nucleotide translocator is associated with mitochondrial myopathy and cardiomyopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14:3079-88. [PMID: 16155110 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddi341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions are associated with clinically heterogeneous disorders transmitted as mendelian traits. Dominant missense mutations were found in the gene encoding the heart and skeletal muscle-specific isoform of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1) in families with autosomal dominant progressive external opthalmoplegia and in a sporadic patient. We herein report on a sporadic patient who presented with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mild myopathy with exercise intolerance and lactic acidosis but no ophthalmoplegia. A muscle biopsy showed the presence of numerous ragged-red fibers, and Southern blot analysis disclosed multiple deletions of muscle mitochondrial DNA. Molecular analysis revealed a C to A homozygous mutation at nucleotide 368 of the ANT1 gene. The mutation converted a highly conserved alanine into an aspartic acid at codon 123 and was absent in 500 control individuals. This is the first report of a recessive mutation in the ANT1 gene. The clinical and biochemical features are different from those found in dominant ANT1 mutations, resembling those described in ANT1 knockout mice. No ATP uptake was measured in proteoliposomes reconstituted with protein extracts from the patient's muscle. The equivalent mutation in AAC2, the yeast ortholog of human ANT1, resulted in a complete loss of transport activity and in the inability to rescue the severe Oxidative Phosphorylation phenotype displayed by WB-12, an AAC1/AAC2 defective strain. Interestingly, exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers dramatically increased the viability of the WB-12 transformant, suggesting that increased redox stress is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease and that anti-ROS therapy may be beneficial to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bari, Italy
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45
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Dörner A, Giessen S, Gaub R, Grosse Siestrup H, Schwimmbeck PL, Hetzer R, Poller W, Schultheiss HP. An isoform shift in the cardiac adenine nucleotide translocase expression alters the kinetic properties of the carrier in dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Heart Fail 2005; 8:81-9. [PMID: 16107323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2005.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Revised: 12/08/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport and altered adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) isoform expression characterized by enhanced ANT1 and decreased ANT2 expression have been implicated in the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). It is still unknown whether restricted ANT function results from exogenous factors, or mutations in the ANT genes, or whether the imbalance in the isoform composition causes the reduced ADP/ATP transport. We performed DNA mutation screening of ANT genes and analyzed the kinetic properties of ANT protein isolated from DCM hearts and controls in a reconstituted system excluding natural environmental influences. RESULTS A G1409T polymorphism in ANT2 leads to an exchange from Arg111 to Leu111 in healthy blood donors (n = 60) with allele frequencies of 76% and 24%. This polymorphism was neither associated with DCM (74%, 26%; n = 93) nor with altered myocardial ANT isoform expression or restricted ANT function (89%, 11%; n = 8). However, there was a remarkable reduction in the maximum transport activity (v(max)) of reconstituted ANT from DCM hearts with altered ANT isoform expression (498 +/- 113 micromol min(-1) g(-1) incorporated protein vs. 1112 +/- 178 micromol min(-1) g(-1) incorporated protein, p < 0.01). Moreover, the substrate affinity of DCM myocardial ANT to ATP was slightly reduced with an increased K(m) value of 104.3 +/- 2.4 microM vs. 90.4 +/- 2.9 microM in controls (p < 0.03). CONCLUSION The altered isoform expression in DCM hearts entails changes in the kinetic properties of total ANT protein restricting ANT function and contributing to disturbed energy metabolism in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dörner
- Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Cardiology, Berlin, Germany.
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Flierl A, Chen Y, Coskun PE, Samulski RJ, Wallace DC. Adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of the heart/muscle adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) in mouse. Gene Ther 2005; 12:570-8. [PMID: 15647764 PMCID: PMC1456758 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial myopathy, associated with muscle weakness and progressive external ophthalmoplegia, is caused by mutations in mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation genes including the heart-muscle isoform of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1). To develop therapies for mitochondrial disease, we have prepared a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector (rAAV) carrying the mouse Ant1 cDNA. This vector has been used to transduce muscle cells and muscle from Ant1 mutant mice, which manifest mitochondrial myopathy. AAV-ANT1 transduction resulted in long-term, stable expression of the Ant1 transgene in muscle precursor cells as well as differentiated muscle fibers. The transgene ANT1 protein was targeted to the mitochondrion, was inserted into the mitochondrial inner membrane, formed a functional ADP/ATP carrier, increased the mitochondrial export of ATP and reversed the histopathological changes associated with the mitochondrial myopathy. Thus, AAV transduction has the potential of providing symptomatic relief for the ophthalmoplegia and ptosis resulting from paralysis of the extraocular eye muscles cause by mutations in the Ant1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Flierl
- MAMMAG, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3940, USA
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De Marcos Lousa C, Trézéguet V, David C, Postis V, Arnou B, Pebay-Peyroula E, Brandolin G, Lauquin GJM. Valine 181 is critical for the nucleotide exchange activity of human mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers in yeast. Biochemistry 2005; 44:4342-8. [PMID: 15766263 DOI: 10.1021/bi0475370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We isolated yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells transformed with one of the three human adenine nucleotide carrier genes (HANC) that exhibited higher growth capacity than previously observed. The HANC genes were isolated from these clones, and we identified two independent mutations of HANC that led to replacement of valine 181 located in the fourth transmembrane segment by methionine or phenylalanine. Tolerance of this position toward substitution with various amino acids was systematically investigated, and since HANC/V181M was among the most efficient in growth complementation, it was more extensively studied. Here we show that increased growth capacities were associated with higher ADP/ATP exchange activities and not with higher human carrier amount in yeast mitochondria. These results are discussed in the light of the bovine Ancp structure, that shares more than 90% amino acid identity with Hancps, and its interaction with the lipid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine De Marcos Lousa
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, IBGC-CNRS, UMR 5095, 1 rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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Tang C, Sula MJ, Bohnet S, Rehman A, Taishi P, Krueger JM. Interleukin-1beta induces CREB-binding protein (CBP) mRNA in brain and the sequencing of rat CBP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 137:213-22. [PMID: 15950780 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Revised: 03/08/2005] [Accepted: 03/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) and CREB have many CNS actions including sleep regulation and hippocampal-dependent learning. CREB acts in part via CREB-binding protein (CBP). We thus determined whether IL-1 could induce CBP gene expression. Initially, cultured hippocampal cells were treated with IL-1 and differential display reverse transcription was used to identify up- and down-regulated genes. We then sequenced rat CBP. Of the IL-1-upregulated genes, CBP and adenine nucleotide translocator-1 (ANT-1) were investigated in vivo. In these experiments, IL-1 was given to rats intraventricularly and sacrificed 2 h later; both CBP and ANT-1 transcripts were upregulated in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus. We conclude that rat CBP shares many of the functional domains as human and murine CBP and that IL-1 upregulates genes previously associated with learning and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Tang
- Department of VCAPP, Program in Neuroscience, Washington State University, PO Box 646520, Pullman, WA 99164-6520, USA
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Danzi S, Klein I, Portman MA. Effect of triiodothyronine on gene transcription during cardiopulmonary bypass in infants with ventricular septal defect. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95:787-9. [PMID: 15757614 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2004] [Revised: 11/22/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation alters gene transcription in the left ventricular myocardium of infants undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for ventricular septal defect repair. To our knowledge, a novel heteronuclear assay demonstrated for the first time in human heart that rapid change in T3 levels altered the adenine nucleotide translocase-1 transcription rate during cardiopulmonary bypass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Danzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital/New York University School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Deschauer M, Hudson G, Müller T, Taylor RW, Chinnery PF, Zierz S. A novel ANT1 gene mutation with probable germline mosaicism in autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia. Neuromuscul Disord 2005; 15:311-5. [PMID: 15792871 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2004.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2004] [Revised: 11/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Only four different mutations in the adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT1) gene have been found in families with progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO). We report a novel heterozygous C to A transversion at nucleotide 269 in the ANT1 gene in a German family with PEO, predicted to convert a highly conserved alanine at codon 90 to aspartic acid. The mutation was identified in three siblings with PEO, one of them additionally suffered from schizoaffective disorder. Microsatellite analysis showed that the mutation was dominant and inherited from the mother who did not carry the mutation in blood, indicating germ-line mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Deschauer
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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