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Singh N, Ravi B, Saini LK, Pandey GK. Voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) mediates P. syringae induced ABA-SA signaling crosstalk in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108237. [PMID: 38109831 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen severely affects plant mitochondrial processes including respiration, however, the roles and mechanism of mitochondrial protein during the immune response remain largely unexplored. The interplay of plant hormone signaling during defense is an outcome of plant pathogen interaction. We recently discovered that the Arabidopsis calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 9 (AtCIPK9) interacts with the voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (AtVDAC3) and inhibits MV-induced oxidative damage. Here we report the characterization of AtVDAC3 in an antagonistic interaction pathway between abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling in Pseudomonas syringae -Arabidopsis interaction. In this study, we observed that mutants of AtVDAC3 were highly susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae infection as compared to the wild type (WT) Arabidopsis plants. Transcripts of VDAC3 and CIPK9 were inducible upon ABA application. Following pathogen exposure, expression analyses of ABA and SA biosynthesis genes indicated that the function of VDAC3 is required for isochorisimate synthase 1 (ICS1) expression but not for Nine-cis-epoxycaotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3) expression. Despite the fact that vdac3 mutants had increased NCED3 expression in response to pathogen challenge, transcripts of ABA sensitive genes such as AtRD22 and AtRAB18 were downregulated even after exogenous ABA application. VDAC3 is required for ABA responsive genes expression upon exogenous ABA application. We also found that Pseudomonas syringae-induced SA signaling is downregulated in vdac3 mutants since overexpression of VDAC3 resulted in hyperaccumulation of Pathogenesis related gene1 (PR1) transcript. Interestingly, ABA application prior to P. syringae inoculation resulted in the upregulation of ABA responsive genes like Responsive to ABA18 (RAB18) and Responsive to dehydration 22 (RD22). Intriguingly, in the absence of AtVDAC3, Pst challenge can dramatically increase ABA-induced RD22 and RAB18 expression. Altogether our results reveal a novel Pathogen-SA-ABA interaction pathway in plants. Our findings show that ABA plays a significant role in modifying plant-pathogen interactions, owing to cross-talk with the biotic stress signaling pathways of ABA and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Barkha Ravi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Lokesh K Saini
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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Cheng ML, Wu CH, Chien KY, Lai CH, Li GJ, Liu YY, Lin G, Ho HY. Enteroviral 2B Interacts with VDAC3 to Regulate Reactive Oxygen Species Generation That Is Essential to Viral Replication. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081717. [PMID: 36016340 PMCID: PMC9416218 DOI: 10.3390/v14081717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus (EV) 71 caused episodes of outbreaks in China and Southeast Asia during the last few decades. We have previously reported that EV71 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Co-immunoprecipitation-proteomic analysis revealed that enteroviral 2B protein interacted with mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3). Knockdown (KD) of VDAC3 expression specifically inhibited enteroviral replication. Single-round viral replication was also inhibited in KD cells, suggesting that VDAC3 plays an essential role in replication. Consistent with this, VDAC3 gene KD significantly reduced the EV71-induced mitochondrial ROS generation. Exogenous 2B expression could induce the mitochondrial ROS generation that was significantly reduced in VDAC3-KD cells or in the Mito-TEMPO-treated cells. Moreover, VDAC3 appears to be necessary for regulation of antioxidant metabolism. VDAC3 gene KD led to the enhancement of such pathways as hypotaurine/taurine synthesis in the infected cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that 2B and VDAC3 interact to enhance mitochondrial ROS generation, which promotes viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiang Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Chien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsueh Lai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jie Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Ho
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-211-8800 (ext. 3318)
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Kanwar P, Sanyal SK, Mahiwal S, Ravi B, Kaur K, Fernandes JL, Yadav AK, Tokas I, Srivastava AK, Suprasanna P, Pandey GK. CIPK9 targets VDAC3 and modulates oxidative stress responses in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2022; 109:241-260. [PMID: 34748255 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) is widely recognized as a key second messenger in mediating various plant adaptive responses. Here we show that calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase CIPK9 along with its interacting partner VDAC3 identified in the present study are involved in mediating plant responses to methyl viologen (MV). CIPK9 physically interacts with and phosphorylates VDAC3. Co-localization, co-immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments proved their physical interaction in planta. Both cipk9 and vdac3 mutants exhibited a tolerant phenotype against MV-induced oxidative stress, which coincided with the lower-level accumulation of reactive oxygen species in their roots. In addition, the analysis of cipk9vdac3 double mutant and VDAC3 overexpressing plants revealed that CIPK9 and VDAC3 were involved in the same pathway for inducing MV-dependent oxidative stress. The response to MV was suppressed by the addition of lanthanum chloride, a non-specific Ca2+ channel blocker indicating the role of Ca2+ in this pathway. Our study suggest that CIPK9-VDAC3 module may act as a key component in mediating oxidative stress responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Swati Mahiwal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Barkha Ravi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Kanwaljeet Kaur
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Joel L Fernandes
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Akhilesh K Yadav
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Indu Tokas
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ashish K Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
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Ashraf M, Mao Q, Hong J, Shi L, Ran X, Liaquat F, Uzair M, Liang W, Fernie AR, Shi J. HSP70-16 and VDAC3 jointly inhibit seed germination under cold stress in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Environ 2021; 44:3616-3627. [PMID: 34173257 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) transport plays a crucial role in seed germination under unfavourable conditions such as cold stress. Both heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein are involved in cold stress responses in Arabidopsis. However, their roles in seed germination with regard to ABA signaling remain unknown. Here we demonstrated that Arabidopsis HSP70-16 and VDAC3 jointly suppress seed germination under cold stress conditions. At 4°C, both HSP70-16 and VDAC3 facilitated the efflux of ABA from the endosperm to the embryo and thus inhibited seed germination. HSP70-16 interacted with VDAC3 on the plasma membrane and in the nucleus, and the interplay between HSP70-16 and VDAC3 activated the opening of the VDAC3 ion channel. Our work established a novel function of HSP70-16 in seed germination under cold stress and a possible association of VDAC3 activity with ABA transportation from endosperm to embryo under cold stress conditions. This study reveals that HSP70-16 interacts with VDAC3 and facilitates the opening of the VDAC3 ion channel, which influences ABA efflux from endosperm to embryo, thus negatively regulates seed germination under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashraf
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qionglei Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoruo Ran
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fiza Liaquat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Yang M, Duan X, Wang Z, Yin H, Zang J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Zhang P. Overexpression of a Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel (VDAC) Protein-Encoding Gene, MsVDAC, from Medicago sativa Confers Cold and Drought Tolerance to Transgenic Tobacco. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1706. [PMID: 34828312 PMCID: PMC8617925 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are highly conserved proteins that are involved in the translocation of tRNA and play a key role in modulating plant senescence and multiple pathways. However, the functions of VDACs in plants are still poorly understood. Here, a novel VDAC gene was isolated and identified from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). MsVDAC localized to the mitochondria, and its expression was highest in alfalfa roots and was induced in response to cold, drought and salt treatment. Overexpression of MsVDAC in tobacco significantly increased MDA, GSH, soluble sugars, soluble protein and proline contents under cold and drought stress. However, the activities of SOD and POD decreased in transgenic tobacco under cold stress, while the O2- content increased. Stress-responsive genes including LTP1, ERD10B and Hxk3 were upregulated in the transgenic plants under cold and drought stress. However, GAPC, CBL1, BI-1, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD were upregulated only in the transgenic tobacco plants under cold stress, and GAPC, CBL1, and BI-1 were downregulated under drought stress. These results suggest that MsVDAC provides cold tolerance by regulating ROS scavenging, osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive gene expression in plants, but the improved drought tolerance via MsVDAC may be mainly due to osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (X.D.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
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6
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Nan Y, Xie Y, Atif A, Wang X, Zhang Y, Tian H, Gao Y. Identification and Expression Analysis of SLAC/ SLAH Gene Family in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094671. [PMID: 33925116 PMCID: PMC8125795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Slow type anion channels (SLAC/SLAHs) play important roles during anion transport, growth and development, abiotic stress responses and hormone responses in plants. However, there is few report on SLAC/SLAHs in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SLAC/SLAH gene family members were performed in B. napus. A total of 23 SLAC/SLAH genes were identified in B. napus. Based on the structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of these members, the SLAC/SLAHs could be classified into three main groups. Transcriptome data demonstrated that BnSLAH3 genes were detected in various tissues of the rapeseed and could be up-regulated by low nitrate treatment in roots. BnSLAC/SLAHs were exclusively localized on the plasma membrane in transient expression of tobacco leaves. These results will increase our understanding of the evolution and expression of the SLAC/SLAHs and provide evidence for further research of biological functions of candidates in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyou Nan
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
| | - Yuyu Xie
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
| | - Ayub Atif
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yajun Gao
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (A.A.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (Y.G.)
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7
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Gasanov EV, Jędrychowska J, Pastor M, Wiweger M, Methner A, Korzh VP. An improved method for precise genome editing in zebrafish using CRISPR-Cas9 technique. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1951-1957. [PMID: 33481178 PMCID: PMC7925485 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Current methods of CRISPR-Cas9-mediated site-specific mutagenesis create deletions and small insertions at the target site which are repaired by imprecise non-homologous end-joining. Targeting of the Cas9 nuclease relies on a short guide RNA (gRNA) corresponding to the genome sequence approximately at the intended site of intervention. We here propose an improved version of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing that relies on two complementary guide RNAs instead of one. Two guide RNAs delimit the intervention site and allow the precise deletion of several nucleotides at the target site. As proof of concept, we generated heterozygous deletion mutants of the kcng4b, gdap1, and ghitm genes in the zebrafish Danio rerio using this method. A further analysis by high-resolution DNA melting demonstrated a high efficiency and a low background of unpredicted mutations. The use of two complementary gRNAs improves CRISPR-Cas9 specificity and allows the creation of predictable and precise mutations in the genome of D. rerio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene V Gasanov
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena Str. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Justyna Jędrychowska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena Str. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury Str. 61, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Pastor
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena Str. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego Str. 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wiweger
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena Str. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Axel Methner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vladimir P Korzh
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Ks. Trojdena Str. 4, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
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Sander P, Gudermann T, Schredelseker J. A Calcium Guard in the Outer Membrane: Is VDAC a Regulated Gatekeeper of Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020946. [PMID: 33477936 PMCID: PMC7833399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Already in the early 1960s, researchers noted the potential of mitochondria to take up large amounts of Ca2+. However, the physiological role and the molecular identity of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake mechanisms remained elusive for a long time. The identification of the individual components of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex (MCUC) in the inner mitochondrial membrane in 2011 started a new era of research on mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Today, many studies investigate mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake with a strong focus on function, regulation, and localization of the MCUC. However, on its way into mitochondria Ca2+ has to pass two membranes, and the first barrier before even reaching the MCUC is the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). The common opinion is that the OMM is freely permeable to Ca2+. This idea is supported by the presence of a high density of voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) in the OMM, forming large Ca2+ permeable pores. However, several reports challenge this idea and describe VDAC as a regulated Ca2+ channel. In line with this idea is the notion that its Ca2+ selectivity depends on the open state of the channel, and its gating behavior can be modified by interaction with partner proteins, metabolites, or small synthetic molecules. Furthermore, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is controlled by the localization of VDAC through scaffolding proteins, which anchor VDAC to ER/SR calcium release channels. This review will discuss the possibility that VDAC serves as a physiological regulator of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in the OMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sander
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.S.); (T.G.)
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.S.); (T.G.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Johann Schredelseker
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.S.); (T.G.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)89-2180-73831
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9
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De Pinto V. Renaissance of VDAC: New Insights on a Protein Family at the Interface between Mitochondria and Cytosol. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010107. [PMID: 33467485 PMCID: PMC7831034 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become impossible to review all the existing literature on Voltage-Dependent Anion selective Channel (VDAC) in a single article. A real Renaissance of studies brings this protein to the center of decisive knowledge both for cell physiology and therapeutic application. This review, after highlighting the similarities between the cellular context and the study methods of the solute carriers present in the inner membrane and VDAC in the outer membrane of the mitochondria, will focus on the isoforms of VDAC and their biochemical characteristics. In particular, the possible reasons for their evolutionary onset will be discussed. The variations in their post-translational modifications and the differences between the regulatory regions of their genes, probably the key to understanding the current presence of these genes, will be described. Finally, the situation in the higher eukaryotes will be compared to that of yeast, a unicellular eukaryote, where there is only one active isoform and the role of VDAC in energy metabolism is better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito De Pinto
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-095-73842444
- we.MitoBiotech.srl, c.so Italia 172, 95129 Catania, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Section of Catania, 00136 Rome, Italy
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10
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Bruno J, Edwards JC. Kidney-disease-associated variants of Apolipoprotein L1 show gain of function in cation channel activity. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100238. [PMID: 33380423 PMCID: PMC7948812 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in Apolipoprotein L1 (ApoL1) are known to be responsible for increased risk of some progressive kidney diseases among people of African ancestry. ApoL1 is an amphitropic protein that can insert into phospholipid membranes and confer anion- or cation-selective permeability to phospholipid membranes depending on pH. Whether these activities differ among the variants or whether they contribute to disease pathogenesis is unknown. We used assays of voltage-driven ion flux from phospholipid vesicles and of stable membrane association to assess differences among ApoL1 isoforms. There is a significant (approximately twofold) increase in the cation-selective ion permease activity of the two kidney-disease-associated variants compared with the reference protein. In contrast, we find no difference in the anion-selective permease activity at low pH among the isoforms. Compared with the reference sequence, the two disease-associated variants show increased stable association with phospholipid vesicles under conditions that support the cation permease activity, suggesting that the increased activity may be due to more efficient membrane association and insertion. There is no difference in membrane association among isoforms under optimal conditions for the anion permease activity. These data support a model in which enhanced cation permeability may contribute to the progressive kidney diseases associated with high-risk ApoL1 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bruno
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John C Edwards
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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Hemono M, Ubrig É, Azeredo K, Salinas-Giegé T, Drouard L, Duchêne AM. Arabidopsis Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDACs): Overlapping and Specific Functions in Mitochondria. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041023. [PMID: 32326174 PMCID: PMC7226135 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are essential components of the mitochondrial outer membrane. VDACs are involved in the exchange of numerous ions and molecules, from ATP to larger molecules such as tRNAs, and are supposed to adjust exchanges in response to cell signals and stresses. Four major VDACs have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. The goal of this study was to explore the specific functions of these proteins, in particular, in tRNA import into mitochondria and stress response. The main results were: (i) VDACs appeared to differentially interact with tRNAs, and VDAC4 could be the major tRNA channel on the outer membrane, (ii) a VDAC3 mRNA isoform was found induced by different stresses, suggesting that VDAC3 might be specifically involved in early steps of stress response and (iii) an analysis of vdac3 and vdac1 mutant lines showed that VDAC3 and VDAC1 shared some, but not all functions. In conclusion, this work brings new knowledge on VDACs, which do not appear as interchangeable pores of the outer membrane and each VDAC has its own specificity.
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12
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Abstract
As a "holy grail" of neuroscience, optical imaging of membrane potential could enable high resolution measurements of spiking and synaptic activity in neuronal populations. This has been partly achieved using organic voltage-sensitive dyes in vitro, or in invertebrate preparations yet unspecific staining has prevented single-cell resolution measurements from mammalian preparations in vivo. The development of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) and chemogenetic sensors has enabled targeting voltage indicators to plasma membranes and selective neuronal populations. Here, we review recent advances in the design and use of genetic voltage indicators and discuss advantages and disadvantages of three classes of them. Although genetic voltage indicators could revolutionize neuroscience, there are still significant challenges, particularly two-photon performance. To overcome them may require cross-disciplinary collaborations, team effort, and sustained support by large-scale research initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Bando
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Present address: Department Organ and Tissue Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Christiane Grimm
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Victor H Cornejo
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Rafael Yuste
- Neurotechnology Center, Department Biological Sciences, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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Han B, Ma Y, Tu V, Tomita T, Mayoral J, Williams T, Horta A, Huang H, Weiss LM. Microsporidia Interact with Host Cell Mitochondria via Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels Using Sporoplasm Surface Protein 1. mBio 2019; 10:e01944-19. [PMID: 31431557 PMCID: PMC6703431 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01944-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are opportunistic intracellular pathogens that can infect a wide variety of hosts ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates. During invasion, the microsporidian polar tube pushes into the host cell, creating a protective microenvironment, the invasion synapse, into which the sporoplasm extrudes. Within the synapse, the sporoplasm then invades the host cell, forming a parasitophorous vacuole (PV). Using a proteomic approach, we identified Encephalitozoon hellem sporoplasm surface protein 1 (EhSSP1), which localized to the surface of extruded sporoplasms. EhSSP1 was also found to interact with polar tube protein 4 (PTP4). Recombinant EhSSP1 (rEhSSP1) bound to human foreskin fibroblasts, and both anti-EhSSP1 and rEhSSP1 caused decreased levels of host cell invasion, suggesting that interaction of SSP1 with the host cell was involved in invasion. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) followed by proteomic analysis identified host cell voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) as EhSSP1 interacting proteins. Yeast two-hybrid assays demonstrated that EhSSP1 was able to interact with VDAC1, VDAC2, and VDAC3. rEhSSP1 colocalized with the host mitochondria which were associated with microsporidian PVs in infected cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the outer mitochondrial membrane interacted with meronts and the PV membrane, mitochondria clustered around meronts, and the VDACs were concentrated at the interface of mitochondria and parasite. Knockdown of VDAC1, VDAC2, and VDAC3 in host cells resulted in significant decreases in the number and size of the PVs and a decrease in mitochondrial PV association. The interaction of EhSSP1 with VDAC probably plays an important part in energy acquisition by microsporidia via its role in the association of mitochondria with the PV.IMPORTANCE Microsporidia are important opportunistic human pathogens in immune-suppressed individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS and recipients of organ transplants. The sporoplasm is critical for establishing microsporidian infection. Despite the biological importance of this structure for transmission, there is limited information about its structure and composition that could be targeted for therapeutic intervention. Here, we identified a novel E. hellem sporoplasm surface protein, EhSSP1, and demonstrated that it can bind to host cell mitochondria via host VDAC. Our data strongly suggest that the interaction between SSP1 and VDAC is important for the association of mitochondria with the parasitophorous vacuole during microsporidian infection. In addition, binding of SSP1 to the host cell is associated with the final steps of invasion in the invasion synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Yanfen Ma
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Vincent Tu
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Tadakimi Tomita
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Mayoral
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Tere Williams
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Aline Horta
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Huan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Louis M Weiss
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
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14
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Wu L, Cao K, Ni Z, Wang S, Li W, Liu X, Chen Z. Rhein reverses doxorubicin resistance in SMMC-7721 liver cancer cells by inhibiting energy metabolism and inducing mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Biofactors 2019; 45:85-96. [PMID: 30496631 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Rhein, a monomeric anthraquinone obtained from the plant herb species Polygonum multiflorum and P. cuspidatum, has been proposed to have anticancer activity. This activity has been suggested to be associated with mitochondrial injury due to the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. In this study, the effects of 5-80 μM rhein on cell viability, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 value), resistance index, and apoptosis were assessed in the liver cancer cell lines SMMC-7721 and SMMC-7721/DOX (doxorubicin-resistant cells). Rhein (10-80 μM) significantly reduced the viability of both cell lines; 20 μM rhein significantly increased sensitivity to DOX and increased apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells, but reversed resistance to DOX by 7.24-fold in SMMC-7721/DOX cells. Treatment with rhein increased accumulation of DOX in SMMC-7721/DOX cells, inhibited mitochondrial energy metabolism, decreased cellular ATP, and ADP levels, and altered the ratio of ATP to ADP. These effects may result from the binding of rhein with voltage-dependent ion channels (VDACs), adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), and cyclophilin D, affecting their function and leading to the inhibition of ATP transport by VDACs and ANT. ATP synthesis was greatly reduced and mitochondrial inner membrane potential decreased. Together, these results indicate that rhein could reverse drug resistance in SMMC-7721/DOX cells by inhibiting energy metabolism and inducing mPTP opening. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):85-96, 2019.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adenosine Triphosphate/biosynthesis
- Anthraquinones/isolation & purification
- Anthraquinones/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cyclophilins/genetics
- Cyclophilins/metabolism
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Energy Metabolism/genetics
- Fallopia japonica/chemistry
- Fallopia multiflora/chemistry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases/genetics
- Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases/metabolism
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/drug effects
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels/genetics
- Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihui Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Kar D, Bandyopadhyay A. Targeting Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor α (PPAR α) for the Prevention of Mitochondrial Impairment and Hypertrophy in Cardiomyocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 49:245-259. [PMID: 30138942 DOI: 10.1159/000492875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Morphological and biochemical maladaptation of cardiomyocytes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation in hypertrophic conditions. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), a drug target for dyslipidemia, is known to be downregulated in cardiomyocytes in response to hypertrophic stimuli. The current study was undertaken to investigate the role of PPARα signaling in mitochondrial remodeling and thereby dysregulation of cardiomyocytes due to hypertrophy in vitro. METHODS Rat cardiomyocytes H9c2 (2-1) and neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were cultured and treated with α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (PE, 100 µM, 24 hours) in the presence or absence of 10 µM fenofibrate or bezafibrate. Cellular hypertrophy was observed by atomic force microscopy and immunofluorescence with F-actin antibody. mRNA levels of hypertrophic marker genes and other genes were examined by quantitative real time PCR. Structural as well as functional remodeling of the mitochondria were evaluated by immunofluorescence (F-actin and COX-I), live cell imaging microscopy (JC-I, mitotracker), mitochondrial complex V activity, MPTP activity and ATP assay. Oxidative stress was measured by using sensitive fluorescent indicator probes. Cellular and mitochondrial calcium were measured by using fluorescent indicator probes Rhod-2 AM and X-rhod-1 AM, respectively. Targetscan prediction analysis was performed to find out miRNAs as putative regulators of VDAC. Luciferase assay was conducted to confirm binding of miR28 with VDAC. RESULTS Co-treatment of H9c2(2-1) cells with PE and fenofibrate restricted increase in cell size and expression of marker genes such as atrial-natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain-natriuretic peptide (BNP) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) compared to those with PE alone. Fenofibrate prevented PE-induced down regulation of PPARα-target genes like CPT-I and MCAD. Mitochondrial trans-membrane potential (Δψm) and motility were reduced by PE which were significantly checked by fenofibrate. Increased ROS production and calcium level in PE-treated cells were ameliorated by fenofibrate. Mitochondrial activity and ATP generation were reduced by PE which was rescued by fenofibrate. Fenofibrate also prevented PE-induced down regulation of mitochondrial genes like VDAC-I and COX-IV. Expression of several miRNAs was altered in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes which were restored when co-treated with fenofibrate. miR28 was found to target 3' untranslated region of VDAC-I. CONCLUSION Overall, the results demonstrate that PPARα signaling is critically involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes in which miR28 plays a pivotal role.
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16
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Ma H, Xiang G, Li Z, Wang Y, Dou M, Su L, Yin X, Liu R, Wang Y, Xu Y. Grapevine VpPR10.1 functions in resistance to Plasmopara viticola through triggering a cell death-like defence response by interacting with VpVDAC3. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:1488-1501. [PMID: 29377445 PMCID: PMC6041444 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most serious diseases in grape, downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is a worldwide grape disease. Much effort has been focused on improving susceptible grapevine resistance, and wild resistant grapevine species are important for germplasm improvement of commercial cultivars. Using yeast two-hybrid screen followed by a series of immunoprecipitation experiments, we identified voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) protein from Vitis piasezkii 'Liuba-8' as an interacting partner of VpPR10.1 cloned from Vitis pseudoreticulata 'Baihe-35-1', which is an important germplasm for its resistance to a range of pathogens. Co-expression of VpPR10.1/VpVDAC3 induced cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which accompanied by ROS accumulation. VpPR10.1 transgenic grapevine line showed resistance to P. viticola. We conclude that the VpPR10.1/VpVDAC3 complex is responsible for cell death-mediated defence response to P. viticola in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Gaoqing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Zhiqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Mengru Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Li Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest ChinaMinistry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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17
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key signaling role in plant and animal cells. Among the many cellular mechanisms used to generate and transduce ROS signals, ROS-induced ROS release (RIRR) is emerging as an important pathway involved in different human pathologies and plant responses to environmental stress. RIRR is a process in which one cellular compartment or organelle generates or releases ROS, triggering the enhanced production or release of ROS by another compartment or organelle. It was initially described in animal cells and proposed to mediate mitochondria-to-mitochondria communication, but later expanded to include communication between mitochondria and plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases. In plants a process of RIRR was demonstrated to mediate long distance rapid systemic signaling in response to biotic and abiotic stress. This process is thought to involve the enhanced production of ROS by one cell that triggers the enhanced production of ROS by a neighboring cell in a process that propagates the enhanced "ROS production state" all the way from one part of the plant to another. In contrast to the intracellular nature of the RIRR process of animal cells, the plant RIRR process is therefore primarily studied at the cell-to-cell communication level. Studies on intracellular (organelle-to-organelle, or organelle-to-NADPH oxidase) RIRR pathways are very scarce in plants, whereas studies on cell-to-cell RIRR are very scarce in animals. Here we will attempt to highlight what is known in both systems and what each system can learn from the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #305220, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA.
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18
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Karachitos A, Grobys D, Antoniewicz M, Jedut S, Jordan J, Kmita H. Human VDAC isoforms differ in their capability to interact with minocycline and to contribute to its cytoprotective activity. Mitochondrion 2016; 28:38-48. [PMID: 26994639 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that cytoprotective activity displayed by minocycline in the case of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells pretreated with H2O2 requires the presence of functional VDAC (YVDAC1). Thus, we decided to transform YVDAC1-depleted yeast cells (Δpor1 cells) with plasmids expressing human VDAC isoforms (HVDAC1, HVDAC2, HVDAC3) to estimate their involvement in the minocycline cytoprotective effect. We observed that only expression of HVDAC3 in Δpor1 cells provided minocycline-mediated cytoprotection against H2O2 although all human isoforms are functional in Δpor1 cells. The observation appears to be important for on-going discussion concerning VDAC isoform roles in mitochondria and cell functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andonis Karachitos
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Daria Grobys
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Antoniewicz
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Jedut
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joaquin Jordan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, School of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Hanna Kmita
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
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Córdoba J, Molina-Cano JL, Pérez P, Morcuende R, Moralejo M, Savé R, Martínez-Carrasco R. Photosynthesis-dependent/independent control of stomatal responses to CO2 in mutant barley with surplus electron transport capacity and reduced SLAH3 anion channel transcript. Plant Sci 2015; 239:15-25. [PMID: 26398787 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of stomatal sensitivity to CO2 are yet to be fully understood. The role of photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic factors in stomatal responses to CO2 was investigated in wild-type barley (Hordeum vulgare var. Graphic) and in a mutant (G132) with decreased photochemical and Rubisco capacities. The CO2 and DCMU responses of stomatal conductance (gs), gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and levels of ATP, with a putative transcript for stomatal opening were analysed. G132 had greater gs than the wild-type, despite lower photosynthesis rates and higher intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci). The mutant had Rubisco-limited photosynthesis at very high CO2 levels, and higher ATP contents than the wild-type. Stomatal sensitivity to CO2 under red light was lower in G132 than in the wild-type, both in photosynthesizing and DCMU-inhibited leaves. Under constant Ci and red light, stomatal sensitivity to DCMU inhibition was higher in G132. The levels of a SLAH3-like slow anion channel transcript, involved in stomatal closure, decreased sharply in G132. The results suggest that stomatal responses to CO2 depend partly on the balance of photosynthetic electron transport to carbon assimilation capacities, but are partially regulated by the CO2 signalling network. High gs can improve the adaptation to climate change in well-watered conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Córdoba
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas, 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain; IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), Field Crops, Av. Alcalde Rovira i Roure, 191, E-25198 Lérida, Spain
| | - José-Luis Molina-Cano
- IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), Field Crops, Av. Alcalde Rovira i Roure, 191, E-25198 Lérida, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas, 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosa Morcuende
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas, 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marian Moralejo
- Universidad de Lleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira i Roure, 191, E-25198 Lérida, Spain
| | - Robert Savé
- IRTA, Environmental Horticulture, Torre Marimon, E-08140 Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Martínez-Carrasco
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas, 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Furukawa T, Sakamoto N, Suzuki M, Kimura M, Nagasawa H, Sakuda S. Precocene II, a Trichothecene Production Inhibitor, Binds to Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel and Increases the Superoxide Level in Mitochondria of Fusarium graminearum. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135031. [PMID: 26248339 PMCID: PMC4527739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Precocene II, a constituent of essential oils, shows antijuvenile hormone activity in insects and inhibits trichothecene production in fungi. We investigated the molecular mechanism by which precocene II inhibits trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum, the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight and trichothecene contamination in grains. Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, was identified as the precocene II-binding protein by an affinity magnetic bead method. Precocene II increased the superoxide level in mitochondria as well as the amount of oxidized mitochondrial proteins. Ascorbic acid, glutathione, and α-tocopherol promoted trichothecene production by the fungus. These antioxidants compensated for the inhibitory activity of precocene II on trichothecene production. These results suggest that the binding of precocene II to VDAC may cause high superoxide levels in mitochondria, which leads to stopping of trichothecene production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Furukawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kimura
- Department of Biological Mechanisms and Functions, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Nagasawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Sakuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Rodríguez-Hernández E, Mosqueda J, León-Ávila G, Castañeda-Ortiz EJ, Álvarez-Sánchez ME, Camacho AD, Ramos A, Camacho-Nuez M. BmVDAC upregulation in the midgut of Rhipicephalus microplus, during infection with Babesia bigemina. Vet Parasitol 2015; 212:368-74. [PMID: 26141408 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms involved during the infection of Rhipicephalus microplus midgut cells by Babesia bigemina are of great relevance and currently unknown. In a previous study, we found a voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)-like protein (BmVDAC) that may participate during parasite invasion of midgut cells. In this work, we investigated BmVDAC expression at both mRNA and protein levels and examined BmVDAC localization in midgut cells of ticks infected with B. bigemina at different times post-repletion. Based on the RT-PCR results, Bmvdac expression levels were significantly higher in infected ticks compared to uninfected ones, reaching their highest values at 24h post-repletion (p<0.0001). Similar results were obtained at the protein level (p<0.0001). Interestingly, BmVDAC immunolocalization showed that there was an important differential expression and redistribution of BmVDAC protein between the midgut cells of infected and uninfected ticks, which was more evident 24h post-repletion of infected ticks. This is the first report of BmVDAC upregulation and immunolocalization in R. microplus midgut cells during B. bigemina infection. Further studies regarding the function of BmVDAC during the infection may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms between B. bigemina and its tick vector and could result in its use as an anti-tick and transmission-blocking vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elba Rodríguez-Hernández
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo Núm. 290, esquina Roberto Gayol, colonia del Valle Sur, delegación Benito Juárez, México D.F. C.P. 03100, Mexico
| | - Juan Mosqueda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de las Ciencias s/n, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, Mexico
| | - Gloria León-Ávila
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, México D.F. C.P. 11340, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth J Castañeda-Ortiz
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo Núm. 290, esquina Roberto Gayol, colonia del Valle Sur, delegación Benito Juárez, México D.F. C.P. 03100, Mexico
| | - María Elizbeth Álvarez-Sánchez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo Núm. 290, esquina Roberto Gayol, colonia del Valle Sur, delegación Benito Juárez, México D.F. C.P. 03100, Mexico
| | - Alejandro D Camacho
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, México D.F. C.P. 11340, Mexico
| | - Alberto Ramos
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla Núm. 8534, Colonia Progreso, Jiutepec, Morelos C.P. 62550, Mexico
| | - Minerva Camacho-Nuez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo Núm. 290, esquina Roberto Gayol, colonia del Valle Sur, delegación Benito Juárez, México D.F. C.P. 03100, Mexico.
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22
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Xu HD, Su HJ, Zou WB, Liu SS, Yan WR, Wang QQ, Yuan LL, Chan SF, Yu XQ, He JG, Weng SP. Identification of mud crab reovirus VP12 and its interaction with the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein of mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2015; 44:224-231. [PMID: 25542377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mud crab reovirus (MCRV) is the causative agent of a severe disease in cultured mud crab (Scylla paramamosain), which has caused huge economic losses in China. MCRV is a double-stranded RNA virus with 12 genomic segments. In this paper, SDS-PAGE, mass spectrometry and Western blot analyses revealed that the VP12 protein encoded by S12 gene is a structural protein of MCRV. Immune electron microscopy assay indicated that MCRV VP12 is a component of MCRV outer shell capsid. Yeast two hybrid cDNA library of mud crab was constructed and mud crab voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (mcVDAC) was obtained by MCRV VP12 screening. The full length of mcVDAC was 1180 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 849 bp encoding a 282 amino acid protein. The mcVDAC had a constitutive expression pattern in different tissues of mud crab. The interaction between MCRV VP12 and mcVDAC was determined by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The results of this study have provided an insight on the mechanisms of MCRV infection and the interactions between the virus and mud crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jun Su
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Bin Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Rui Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Li Yuan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siuming Francis Chan
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety / State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Ding H, Lu H, Lavoie M, Xie J, Li Y, Lv X, Fu Z, Qian H. Unraveling the toxicity mechanisms of the herbicide diclofop-methyl in rice: modulation of the activity of key enzymes involved in citrate metabolism and induction of cell membrane anion channels. J Agric Food Chem 2014; 62:10654-10660. [PMID: 25307187 DOI: 10.1021/jf503974t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Residual soil concentrations of the herbicide diclofop-methyl (DM) can be toxic to other nontarget plant species, but the toxicity mechanisms at play are not fully understood. In the present study, we analyzed the toxic effect of DM on root growth and metabolism in the rice species Oryza sativa. The results show that a 48-h exposure to a trace level (5 μg/L) of DM inhibits rice root growth by almost 70%. A 48-h exposure to 5 μg/L DM also leads to an ≈2.5-fold increase in citrate synthase (CS) activity (and CS gene transcription) and an ≈2-fold decrease in the citrate lyase gene transcripts, which lead to an increase in the intracellular concentration of citrate and in citrate exudation rate. Addition of a specific inhibitor of cell membrane anion channel, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid, decreased citrate release in the culture, suggesting that DM-induced citrate loss from the cells is mediated by a specific membrane-bound channel protein. This study brings new insights into the key biochemical mechanisms leading to DM toxicity in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Ding
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering and ∥Department of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310032, P. R. China
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24
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Amodeo GF, Scorciapino MA, Messina A, De Pinto V, Ceccarelli M. Charged residues distribution modulates selectivity of the open state of human isoforms of the voltage dependent anion-selective channel. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103879. [PMID: 25084457 PMCID: PMC4146382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage Dependent Anion-selective Channels (VDACs) are pore-forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. They are responsible for the access of ions and energetic metabolites into the inner membrane transport systems. Three VDAC isoforms exist in mammalian, but their specific role is unknown. In this work we have performed extensive (overall ∼5 µs) Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of the human VDAC isoforms to detect structural and conformational variations among them, possibly related to specific functional roles of these proteins. Secondary structure analysis of the N-terminal domain shows a high similarity among the three human isoforms of VDAC but with a different plasticity. In particular, the N-terminal domain of the hVDAC1 is characterized by a higher plasticity, with a ∼20% occurrence for the 'unstructured' conformation throughout the folded segment, while hVDAC2, containing a peculiar extension of 11 amino acids at the N-terminal end, presents an additional 310-helical folded portion comprising residues 10' to 3, adhering to the barrel wall. The N-terminal sequences of hVDAC isoforms are predicted to have a low flexibility, with possible consequences in the dynamics of the human VDACs. Clear differences were found between hVDAC1 and hVDAC3 against hVDAC2: a significantly modified dynamics with possible important consequence on the voltage-gating mechanism. Charge distribution inside and at the mouth of the pore is responsible for a different preferential localization of ions with opposite charge and provide a valuable rationale for hVDAC1 and hVDAC3 having a Cl-/K+ selectivity ratio of 1.8, whereas hVDAC2 of 1.4. Our conclusion is that hVDAC isoforms, despite sharing a similar scaffold, have modified working features and a biological work is now requested to give evidence to the described dissimilarities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariano Andrea Scorciapino
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Catania, Italy
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Catania, Italy
| | - Matteo Ceccarelli
- Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Cagliari, Italy
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25
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Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs), known as outer mitochondrial membrane proteins, are present in all eukaryotic cells. In mammals, they are now recognized to play crucial roles in the regulation of metabolic and energetic functions of mitochondria as well as in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, in association with various proteins and non-protein modulators. Although there is much less information available for plant than for animal VDACs, their similar electrophysiological and topological properties suggest that some common functions are conserved among eukaryotic VDACs. Recently, it has been revealed that plant VDACs also have various important physiological functions not only in developmental and reproductive processes, but also in biotic and abiotic stress responses, including programmed cell death. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the sequence motifs, localization, and function of plant VDACs and discuss these results in the light of recent advances in research on animal VDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Takahashi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
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26
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Michaud M, Maréchal-Drouard L, Duchêne AM. Targeting of cytosolic mRNA to mitochondria: naked RNA can bind to the mitochondrial surface. Biochimie 2013; 100:159-66. [PMID: 24252184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria contain hundreds of proteins but only a few are encoded by the mitochondrial genome. The other proteins are nuclear-encoded and imported into mitochondria. These proteins can be translated on free cytosolic polysomes, then targeted and imported into mitochondria. Nonetheless, numerous cytosolic mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins are detected at the surface of mitochondria in yeast, plants and animals. The localization of mRNAs to the vicinity of mitochondria would be a way for mitochondrial protein sorting. The mechanisms responsible for mRNA targeting to mitochondria are not clearly identified. Sequences within the mRNA molecules (cis-elements), as well as a few trans-acting factors, have been shown to be essential for targeting of some mRNAs. In order to identify receptors involved in mRNA docking to the mitochondrial surface, we have developed an in vitro mRNA binding assay with isolated plant mitochondria. We show that naked mRNAs are able to bind to isolated mitochondria, and our results strongly suggest that mRNA docking to the plant mitochondrial outer membrane requires at least one component of TOM complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Michaud
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR 2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Maréchal-Drouard
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR 2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Marie Duchêne
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UPR 2357 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
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27
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Fan J, Papadopoulos V. Evolutionary origin of the mitochondrial cholesterol transport machinery reveals a universal mechanism of steroid hormone biosynthesis in animals. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76701. [PMID: 24124589 PMCID: PMC3790746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroidogenesis begins with the transport of cholesterol from intracellular stores into mitochondria via a series of protein-protein interactions involving cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins located at both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. In adrenal glands and gonads, this process is accelerated by hormones, leading to the production of high levels of steroids that control tissue development and function. A hormone-induced multiprotein complex, the transduceosome, was recently identified, and is composed of cytosolic and outer mitochondrial membrane proteins that control the rate of cholesterol entry into the outer mitochondrial membrane. More recent studies unveiled the steroidogenic metabolon, a bioactive, multimeric protein complex that spans the outer-inner mitochondrial membranes and is responsible for hormone-induced import, segregation, targeting, and metabolism of cholesterol by cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP11A1) in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The availability of genome information allowed us to systematically explore the evolutionary origin of the proteins involved in the mitochondrial cholesterol transport machinery (transduceosome, steroidogenic metabolon, and signaling proteins), trace the original archetype, and predict their biological functions by molecular phylogenetic and functional divergence analyses, protein homology modeling and molecular docking. Although most members of these complexes have a history of gene duplication and functional divergence during evolution, phylogenomic analysis revealed that all vertebrates have the same functional complex members, suggesting a common mechanism in the first step of steroidogenesis. An archetype of the complex was found in invertebrates. The data presented herein suggest that the cholesterol transport machinery is responsible for steroidogenesis among all vertebrates and is evolutionarily conserved throughout the entire animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjiang Fan
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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28
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Godbole A, Dubey AK, Reddy PS, Udayakumar M, Mathew MK. Mitochondrial VDAC and hexokinase together modulate plant programmed cell death. Protoplasma 2013; 250:875-884. [PMID: 23247919 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-012-0470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and mitochondrially located hexokinase have been implicated both in pathways leading to cell death on the one hand, and immortalization in tumor formation on the other. While both proteins have also been implicated in death processes in plants, their interaction has not been explored. We have examined cell death following heterologous expression of a rice VDAC in the tobacco cell line BY2 and in leaves of tobacco plants and show that it is ameliorated by co-expression of hexokinase. Hexokinase also abrogates death induced by H2O2. We conclude that the ratio of expression of the two proteins and their interaction play a major role in modulating death pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Godbole
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR,UAS-GKVK Campus, Bangalore 560065, India
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29
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Robert N, d'Erfurth I, Marmagne A, Erhardt M, Allot M, Boivin K, Gissot L, Monachello D, Michaud M, Duchêne AM, Barbier-Brygoo H, Maréchal-Drouard L, Ephritikhine G, Filleur S. Voltage-dependent-anion-channels (VDACs) in Arabidopsis have a dual localization in the cell but show a distinct role in mitochondria. Plant Mol Biol 2012; 78:431-46. [PMID: 22294207 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-012-9874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, the Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are predominant proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) where they contribute to the exchange of small metabolites essential for respiration. They were shown to be as well associated with the plasma membrane (PM) and act as redox enzyme or are involved in ATP release for example. In Arabidopsis, we show that four out of six genomic sequences encode AtVDAC proteins. All four AtVDACs are ubiquitously expressed in the plant but each of them displays a specific expression pattern in root cell types. Using two complementary approaches, we demonstrate conclusively that the four expressed AtVDACs are targeted to both mitochondria and plasma membrane but in differential abundance, AtVDAC3 being the most abundant in PM, and conversely, AtVDAC4 almost exclusively associated with mitochondria. These are the first plant proteins to be shown to reside in both these two membranes. To investigate a putative function of AtVDACs, we analyzed T-DNA insertion lines in each of the corresponding genes. Knock-out mutants for AtVDAC1, AtVDAC2 and AtVDAC4 present slow growth, reduced fertility and yellow spots in leaves when atvdac3 does not show any visible difference compared to wildtype plants. Analyses of atvdac1 and atvdac4 reveal that yellow areas correspond to necrosis and the mitochondria are swollen in these two mutants. All these results suggest that, in spite of a localization in plasma membrane for three of them, AtVDAC1, AtVDAC2 and AtVDAC4 have a main function in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Robert
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS-UPR 2355, Bât. 22, 91198 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
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30
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Tateda C, Watanabe K, Kusano T, Takahashi Y. Molecular and genetic characterization of the gene family encoding the voltage-dependent anion channel in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2011; 62:4773-85. [PMID: 21705391 PMCID: PMC3192994 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), a major outer mitochondrial membrane protein, is thought to play an important role in energy production and apoptotic cell death in mammalian systems. However, the function of VDACs in plants is largely unknown. In order to determine the individual function of plant VDACs, molecular and genetic analysis was performed on four VDAC genes, VDAC1-VDAC4, found in Arabidopsis thaliana. VDAC1 and VDAC3 possess the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin signature (MPS) in their C-termini, while VDAC2 and VDAC4 do not. Localization analysis of VDAC-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions and their chimeric or mutated derivatives revealed that the MPS sequence is important for mitochondrial localization. Through the functional analysis of vdac knockout mutants due to T-DNA insertion, VDAC2 and VDAC4 which are expressed in the whole plant body are important for various physiological functions such as leaf development, the steady state of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and pollen development. Moreover, it was demonstrated that VDAC1 is not only necessary for normal growth but also important for disease resistance through regulation of hydrogen peroxide generation.
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31
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Doperalski NJ, Martyniuk CJ, Prucha MS, Kroll KJ, Denslow ND, Barber DS. Cloning and expression of the translocator protein (18 kDa), voltage-dependent anion channel, and diazepam binding inhibitor in the gonad of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) across the reproductive cycle. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 173:86-95. [PMID: 21600210 PMCID: PMC3144257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol transport across the mitochondrial membrane is rate-limiting for steroidogenesis in vertebrates. Previous studies in fish have characterized expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, however the function and regulation of other genes and proteins involved in piscine cholesterol transport have not been evaluated. In the current study, mRNA sequences of the 18 kDa translocator protein (tspo; formerly peripheral benzodiazepine receptor), voltage-dependent anion channel (vdac), and diazepam binding inhibitor (dbi; also acyl-CoA binding protein) were cloned from largemouth bass. Gonadal expression was examined across reproductive stages to determine if expression is correlated with changes in steroid levels and with indicators of reproductive maturation. In testis, transcript abundance of tspo and dbi increased with reproductive maturation (6- and 23-fold maximal increase, respectively) and expression of tspo and dbi was positively correlated with reproductive stage, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and circulating levels of testosterone. Testis vdac expression was positively correlated with reproductive stage and GSI. In females, gonadal tspo and vdac expression was negatively correlated with GSI and levels of plasma testosterone and 17β-estradiol. Ovarian dbi expression was not correlated with indicators of reproductive maturation. These studies represent the first investigation of the steroidogenic role of tspo, vdac, and dbi in fish. Findings suggest that cholesterol transport in largemouth bass testis, but not in ovary, may be transcriptionally-regulated, however further investigation will be necessary to fully elucidate the role of these genes in largemouth bass steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Doperalski
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Christopher J. Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Melinda S. Prucha
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kevin J. Kroll
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Nancy D. Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - David S. Barber
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, P. O. Box 110885, 471 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Corresponding author; Tel.: +1 352 294-4636; fax: +1 352 392 4707;
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32
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Anflous-Pharayra K, Lee N, Armstrong DL, Craigen WJ. VDAC3 has differing mitochondrial functions in two types of striated muscles. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1807:150-6. [PMID: 20875390 PMCID: PMC2998388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is an abundant mitochondrial outer membrane protein. In mammals, three VDAC isoforms have been characterized. We have previously reported alterations in the function of mitochondria when assessed in situ in different muscle types in VDAC1 deficient mice (Anflous et al., 2001). In the present report we extend the study to VDAC3 deficient muscles and measure the respiratory enzyme activity in both VDAC1 and VDAC3 deficient muscles. While in the heart the absence of VDAC3 causes a decrease in the apparent affinity of in situ mitochondria for ADP, in the gastrocnemius, a mixed glycolytic/oxidative muscle, the affinity of in situ mitochondria for ADP remains unchanged. The absence of VDAC1 causes multiple defects in respiratory complex activities in both types of muscle. However, in VDAC3 deficient mice the defect is restricted to the heart and only to complex IV. These functional alterations correlate with structural aberrations of mitochondria. These results demonstrate that, unlike VDAC1, there is muscle-type specificity for VDAC3 function and therefore in vivo these two isoforms may fulfill different physiologic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keltoum Anflous-Pharayra
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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33
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Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) has been suggested to be a mediator of mitochondrial-dependent cell death induced by Ca(2+) overload, oxidative stress and Bax-Bid activation. To confirm this hypothesis in vivo, we generated and characterized Drosophila VDAC (porin) mutants and found that Porin is not required for mitochondrial apoptosis, which is consistent with the previous mouse studies. We also reported a novel physiological role of Porin. Loss of porin resulted in locomotive defects and male sterility. Intriguingly, porin mutants exhibited elongated mitochondria in indirect flight muscle, whereas Porin overexpression produced fragmented mitochondria. Through genetic analysis with the components of mitochondrial fission and fusion, we found that the elongated mitochondria phenotype in porin mutants were suppressed by increased mitochondrial fission, but enhanced by increased mitochondrial fusion. Furthermore, increased mitochondrial fission by Drp1 expression suppressed the flight defects in the porin mutants. Collectively, our study showed that loss of Drosophila Porin results in mitochondrial morphological defects and suggested that the defective mitochondrial function by Porin deficiency affects the mitochondrial remodeling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehye Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongsung Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sekyu Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyongjong Koh
- Department of Pharmacology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongkyeong Chung
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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34
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Wang KCHC, Kondo H, Hirono I, Aoki T. The Marsupenaeus japonicus voltage-dependent anion channel (MjVDAC) protein is involved in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) pathogenesis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2010; 29:94-103. [PMID: 20202479 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) proteins abound in the outer membrane of mitochondria. They play an important role in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP), which can lead to stress-induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis. Several pathogens regulate this MMP in their host cells to benefit their replication cycle, while in other cases, the host can use the same mechanism to combat pathogenesis. In this study, the first shrimp VDAC gene was identified and characterized from Marsupenaeus japonicus (MjVDAC). Its open reading frame (ORF) contained 849 bp encoding 282 amino acids. The deduced MjVDAC protein includes the 4-element eukaryotic porin signature motif, the conserved ATP binding motif (the GLK motif) and a VKAKV-like sequence known in other organisms to be involved in the protein's incorporation in the mitochondrial outer membrane. Tissue tropism analysis indicated that MjVDAC is abundant in the heart, muscle, stomach and pleopod. MjVDAC proteins colocalized with mitochondria in transiently transfected Sf9 cells and in shrimp hemocytes. dsRNA silencing of shrimp VDAC delayed white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection by 1 day in different shrimp organs. Taken together, these findings suggest that MjVDAC is likely to be involved in WSSV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Han-Ching Wang
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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35
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Chorna SV, Dosenko VI, Strutyns'ka NA, Vavilova HL, Sahach VF. [Increased expression of voltage-dependent anion channel and adenine nucleotide translocase and the sensitivity of calcium-induced mitochondrial permeability transition opening pore in the old rat heart]. Fiziol Zh (1994) 2010; 56:19-25. [PMID: 20968034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated mRNA and protein expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), mRNA adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) as well as the sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (MPTP) to Ca2+ in the adult and old rat heart. It was shown that in the old rats hearts VDAC mRNA expression increased by 1.7 (p < 0.05) times and mRNA ANT expression increased by 1.8 (p < 0.05) times in comparison with adult animals. The Western Blot analysis showed that the level of VDAC protein expression in the old rat hearts also significantly increased compared with adult animals. In the hearts of old rats, the sensitivity of MPTP opening to calcium (10(-7)-10(-4) mol/l) determined by mitochondria swelling, increased two-fold (p < 0.05). Therefore, an increased VDAC and ANT expression, as the main structural functional components of the MPTP, and an increased sensitivity of MPTP opening to Ca2+ caused an increase in the permeability of mitochondrial membranes in aging. Each of these factors may contribute to alterations in mitochondrial barrier properties and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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36
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Martin LJ, Gertz B, Pan Y, Price AC, Molkentin JD, Chang Q. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore in motor neurons: involvement in the pathobiology of ALS mice. Exp Neurol 2009; 218:333-46. [PMID: 19272377 PMCID: PMC2710399 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons (MNs) that causes paralysis. Some forms of ALS are inherited, caused by mutations in the superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene. The mechanisms of human mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) toxicity to MNs are unresolved. Mitochondria in MNs might be key sites for ALS pathogenesis, but cause-effect relationships between mSOD1 and mitochondriopathy need further study. We used transgenic mSOD1 mice to test the hypothesis that the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is involved in the MN degeneration of ALS. Components of the multi-protein mPTP are expressed highly in mouse MNs, including the voltage-dependent anion channel, adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), and cyclophilin D (CyPD), and are present in mitochondria marked by manganese SOD. MNs in pre-symptomatic mSOD1-G93A mice form swollen megamitochondria with CyPD immunoreactivity. Early disease is associated with mitochondrial cristae remodeling and matrix vesiculation in ventral horn neuron dendrites. MN cell bodies accumulate mitochondria derived from the distal axons projecting to skeletal muscle. Incipient disease in spinal cord is associated with increased oxidative and nitrative stress, indicated by protein carbonyls and nitration of CyPD and ANT. Reducing the levels of CyPD by genetic ablation significantly delays disease onset and extends the lifespan of G93A-mSOD1 mice expressing high and low levels of mutant protein in a gender-dependent pattern. These results demonstrate that mitochondria have causal roles in the disease mechanisms in MNs in ALS mice. This work defines a new mitochondrial mechanism for MN degeneration in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Martin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2196, USA.
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37
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Runke G, Maier E, O'Neil JD, Benz R, Court DA. Functional characterization of the conserved "GLK" motif in mitochondrial porin from Neurospora crassa. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2009; 32:563-70. [PMID: 15254370 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005618510502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial porin facilitates the diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules across the mitochondrial outer membrane. Despite low sequence similarity among porins from different species, a "glycine-leucine-lysine" (GLK) motif is conserved in mitochondrial and Neisseria porins. To investigate the possible roles of these conserved residues, including their hypothesized participation in ATP binding by the protein, we replaced the lysine residue of the GLK motif of Neurospora crassa porin with glutamic acid through site-directed mutagenesis of the corresponding gene. Although the pores formed by this protein have size and gating characteristics similar to those of the wild-type protein, the channels formed by GLEporin are less anion selective than the wild-type pores. The GLEporin retains the ability to be cross linked to [alpha-(32)P]ATP, indicating that the GLK sequence is not essential for ATP binding. Furthermore, the pores formed by both GLEporin and the wild-type protein become more cation selective in the presence of ATP. Taken together, these results support structural models that place the GLK motif in a part of the ion-selective beta-barrel that is not directly involved in ATP binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Runke
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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38
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Lee SM, Hoang MHT, Han HJ, Kim HS, Lee K, Kim KE, Kim DH, Lee SY, Chung WS. Pathogen inducible voltage-dependent anion channel (AtVDAC) isoforms are localized to mitochondria membrane in Arabidopsis. Mol Cells 2009; 27:321-7. [PMID: 19326079 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 12/06/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are reported to be porin-type, beta-barrel diffusion pores. They are prominently localized in the outer mitochondrial membrane and are involved in metabolite exchange between the organelle and the cytosol. In this study, we have investigated a family of VDAC isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtVDAC). We have shown that the heterologous expression of AtVDAC proteins can functionally complement a yeast mutant lacking the endogenous mitochondrial VDAC gene. AtVDACs tagged with GFP were localized to mitochondria in both yeast and plant cells. We also looked at the response of AtVDACs to biotic and abiotic stresses and found that four AtVDAC transcripts were rapidly up-regulated in response to a bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Min Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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Tateda C, Yamashita K, Takahashi F, Kusano T, Takahashi Y. Plant voltage-dependent anion channels are involved in host defense against Pseudomonas cichorii and in Bax-induced cell death. Plant Cell Rep 2009; 28:41-51. [PMID: 18953543 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-008-0630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 10/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is a major outer mitochondrial membrane protein. It is well documented that VDAC plays an important role in apoptosis, a kind of programmed cell death, in mammalian systems. However, little is known about the role of the plant counterpart during the process of plant-specific cell death such as pathogen-induced hypersensitive response. To address this issue, we isolated three VDAC full-length cDNAs (NtVDAC1-3) from Nicotiana tabacum. The deduced products, NtVDACs, share 78-85% identity and retain the conserved eukaryotic mitochondrial porin signature distal to their C-terminal regions. Mitochondrial localization of three NtVDACs in plant cells was confirmed via a green fluorescent protein fusion method. Then, we addressed the main issue concerning pathogenesis relation. The N. benthamiana orthologues of NtVDACs were upregulated by challenge with the non-host pathogen Pseudomonas cichorii, but not after challenge with the virulent pathogen P. syringae pv. tabaci. Both the pharmaceutical inhibition of VDAC and silencing of NbVDACs genes compromised the non-host resistance against P. cichorii, suggesting the involvement of VDACs in defense against non-host pathogen. Involvement of NbVDACs in Bax-mediated cell death was also verified using a similar approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Tateda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
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40
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Guarino F, Messina A, Guarnera A, Puglia G, Bellia F, Reina S, De Pinto V, Specchia V, Bozzetti MP. The voltage dependent anion selective channel family in Drosophila melanogaster. Ital J Biochem 2007; 56:279-284. [PMID: 19192627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
VDACs (voltage-dependent anion-selective channels) or mitochondrial PORINS are transmembrane proteins forming pores in the outer membrane. In eukaryotic genomes multiple genes coding for VDAC homologues have been discovered, but the functional meaning of this gene redundancy is unknown. In Drosophila melanogasterthree additional genes homologous to the gene porin (CG6647) have been found. As in other occurences, the presence of a gene revealed by genome analysis raises the questions: are these genes really expressed? What are the molecular features of the putative proteins, if they are expressed? Where and when in the organism are they expressed? Consequently have they any specific activity justifying the presence of more isoforms in the organism? To answer to these questions we have produced antibodies against the recombinant proteins corresponding to the whole (VDAC1 and 2) or to substantial portions (VDAC3 and 4) of the known or predicted proteins. Immunohistological and transcriptional analysis has been performed, showing that VDAC2 and 3 are expressed, while VDAC4 was not detected. Structural predictions of VDAC3 are consistent with the presence of additional alpha-helices at the N-terminus of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guarino
- Research Unit, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, Roma, Italy.
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41
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Lee S, Leung HT, Kim E, Jang J, Lee E, Baek K, Pak WL, Yoon J. Effects of a mutation in the Drosophila porin gene encoding mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel protein on phototransduction. Dev Neurobiol 2007; 67:1533-45. [PMID: 17525991 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial porins, also know as VDACs (voltage-dependent anion channels), play an important role in regulating energy metabolism, apoptosis, and the transport of metabolites across the mitochondrial outer membrane. So far three distinct isoforms of VDAC (VDAC1-3) have been reported in vertebrates, but their functions remain unknown. The annotation database of the Drosophila melanogaster genome sequence has identified four genes (porin, CG17137, CG17139, and CG17140) encoding different isoforms of VDACs. We identified post-translational modifications of PORIN that are specific to D. melanogaster eyes. We also identified the P-element insertion in the porin gene, porin(G2294), that is homozygous viable whereas all the porin mutants previously reported are homozygous lethal at the pupal stage. The mutant does not show any defects in fly morphology, survival, and photoreceptor structure. The mutant, however, produces <10% of the normal level of wild-type (WT) porin transcripts and 16.5% of WT level of the PORIN protein. The P-element insertion affects only the expression of Class I transcript but not Class II transcript of the porin gene. Unlike in WT, the mutant displays an ERG (electroretinogram) that is not maintained during a prolonged light stimulus. The revertant obtained from remobilization of the P-element in the mutant produces the WT level of porin transcripts and PORIN protein, and shows a normal ERG response. Our data suggest that the PORIN protein is important in maintaining a photoreceptor response during prolonged stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunji Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, KyungHee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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42
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Campbell AM, Chan SHP. The voltage dependent anion channel affects mitochondrial cholesterol distribution and function. Arch Biochem Biophys 2007; 466:203-10. [PMID: 17662230 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2007.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/16/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have observed abnormally high membrane cholesterol levels and a subsequent deficiency of oxidative energy production in mitochondria from cultured Morris hepatoma cells (MH7777). Using cholesterol affinity chromatography and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry, we have identified the voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC) as a necessary component of a protein complex involved in mitochondrial membrane cholesterol distribution. VDAC is known to associate strongly with hexokinase, particularly in glycolytic cancers. By constructing an E72Q mutant form of VDAC that inhibits its binding of hexokinase, we report an increase in oxidative phosphorylation activity of MH7777 cells, as well as reduced membrane cholesterol ratios to levels near that of normal liver mitochondria. This paper demonstrates that the ability of VDAC to influence mitochondrial membrane cholesterol distribution may have implications on mitochondrial characteristics such as oxidative phosphorylation and induction of apoptosis, as well as the propensity of cancer cells to exhibit a glycolytic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Campbell
- Syracuse University, Department of Biology, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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43
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Gutiérrez-Aguilar M, Pérez-Vázquez V, Bunoust O, Manon S, Rigoulet M, Uribe S. In yeast, Ca2+ and octylguanidine interact with porin (VDAC) preventing the mitochondrial permeability transition. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 2007; 1767:1245-51. [PMID: 17707764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2007.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2007] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In yeast, Ca(2+) and long chain alkylguanidines interact with mitochondria modulating the opening of the yeast mitochondrial unspecific channel. Mammalians possess a similar structure, the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. The composition of these pores is under debate. Among other components, the voltage-dependent anion channel has been proposed as a component of either pore. In yeast from an industrial strain, octylguanidine and calcium closed the yeast mitochondrial unspecific channel. Here, the effects of the cations Ca(2+) or octylguanidine and the voltage-dependent anion channel effector decavanadate were evaluated in yeast mitochondria from either a wild type or a voltage-dependent anion channel deletion laboratory strain. It was observed that in the absence of voltage-dependent anion channel, the yeast mitochondrial unspecific channel was desensitized to Ca(2+), octylguanidine or decavanadate but remained sensitive to phosphate. It is thus suggested that in yeast mitochondria, the voltage-dependent anion channel has a cation binding site where Ca(2+) and octylguanidine interact, conferring cation sensitivity to the yeast mitochondrial unspecific channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México D. F., Mexico
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44
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Lü AJ, Dong CW, Du CS, Zhang QY. Characterization and expression analysis of Paralichthys olivaceus voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) gene in response to virus infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2007; 23:601-13. [PMID: 17467295 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2006] [Revised: 12/16/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC, also known as mitochondrial porin) is acknowledged to play an important role in stress-induced mammalian apoptosis. In this study, Paralichthys olivaceus VDAC (PoVDAC) gene was identified as a virally induced gene from Scophthalmus Maximus Rhabdovirus (SMRV)-infected flounder embryonic cells (FEC). The full length of PoVDAC cDNA is 1380 bp with an open reading frame of 852 bp encoding a 283 amino acid protein. The deduced PoVDAC contains one alpha-helix, 13 transmembrane beta-strands and one eukaryotic mitochondrial porin signature motif. Constitutive expression of PoVDAC was confirmed in all tested tissues by real-time PCR. Further expression analysis revealed PoVDAC mRNA was upregulated by viral infection. We prepared fish antiserum against recombinant VDAC proteins and detected the PoVDAC in heart lysates from flounder as a 32 kDa band on western blot. Overexpression of PoVDAC in fish cells induced apoptosis. Immunofluoresence localization indicated that the significant distribution changes of PoVDAC have occurred in virus-induced apoptotic cells. This is the first report on the inductive expression of VDAC by viral infection, suggesting that PoVDAC might be mediated flounder antiviral immune response through induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jun Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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45
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Baines CP, Kaiser RA, Sheiko T, Craigen WJ, Molkentin JD. Voltage-dependent anion channels are dispensable for mitochondrial-dependent cell death. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9:550-5. [PMID: 17417626 PMCID: PMC2680246 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 716] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are critically involved in necrotic cell death induced by Ca(2+) overload, hypoxia and oxidative damage. The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore - a protein complex that spans both the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes - is considered the mediator of this event and has been hypothesized to minimally consist of the voltage-dependent anion channel (Vdac) in the outer membrane, the adenine-nucleotide translocase (Ant) in the inner membrane and cyclophilin-D in the matrix. Here, we report the effects of deletion of the three mammalian Vdac genes on mitochondrial-dependent cell death. Mitochondria from Vdac1-, Vdac3-, and Vdac1-Vdac3-null mice exhibited a Ca(2+)- and oxidative stress-induced MPT that was indistinguishable from wild-type mitochondria. Similarly, Ca(2+)- and oxidative-stress-induced MPT and cell death was unaltered, or even exacerbated, in fibroblasts lacking Vdac1, Vdac2, Vdac3, Vdac1-Vdac3 and Vdac1-Vdac2-Vdac3. Wild-type and Vdac-deficient mitochondria and cells also exhibited equivalent cytochrome c release, caspase cleavage and cell death in response to the pro-death Bcl-2 family members Bax and Bid. These results indicate that Vdacs are dispensable for both MPT and Bcl-2 family member-driven cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P. Baines
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Robert A. Kaiser
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
| | - Tatiana Sheiko
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - William J. Craigen
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffery D. Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA
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Guarino F, Specchia V, Zapparoli G, Messina A, Aiello R, Bozzetti MP, De Pinto V. Expression and localization in spermatozoa of the mitochondrial porin isoform 2 in Drosophila melanogaster. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 346:665-70. [PMID: 16774740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial porins or VDACs (voltage-dependent anion-selective channels) are transmembrane pore-forming proteins. In eukaryotic genomes multiple genes coding for VDAC homologues have been discovered, but their function remains unknown. In Drosophila melanogaster three additional genes homologous to the gene porin have been found. In a previous report we have expressed in vitro Porin 2 (gene GC17137) and we have found that the reconstituted protein shows pore-forming activity but it is cation-selective and poorly dependent from voltage. In this work we have characterized the expression pattern of Porin 2. Amplification upon germinal and somatic or stage specific mRNA showed that the highest transcription level of Porin 2 is in testis. Western blot analysis performed with antibodies raised against the recombinant Porin 2 confirmed a high level of expression in the fly spermatozoa. Immuno-histochemical studies indicate that Porin 2 is selectively present in spermatozoa tail, where the mitochondria are located, but not in spermatocytes. A lethal mutant of D. melanogaster carrying a P-element in the first intron of the porin (Porin 1) gene hinders the expression of both Porin 1 and 2. Our results suggest that Porin 2 is truly expressed and that it is required for functional germinal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guarino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Abstract
Apoptosis is a controlled form of cell death that participates in development, elimination of damaged cells and maintenance of cell homeostasis. Also, it plays a role in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. Recently, mitochondria have emerged as being pivotal in controlling apoptosis. They house a number of apoptogenic molecules, such as cytochrome c, which are released into the cytoplasm at the onset of apoptosis. When rat brain mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, interacts with Bcl-2 family proteins Bax and tBid, its pore size increases, leading to the release of cytochrome c and other apoptogenic molecules into the cytosol and causing cell death. Regulation of this tBid- and Bax-induced increase in pore size of VDAC is a significant step to control cell death induced by cytochrome c. In this work, we have shown, through bilayer electrophysiological experiments, that the increase in VDAC conductance as a result of its interaction with Bax and tBid is reduced because of the action of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) in the presence of ATP. This indicates that the increase in the pore size of VDAC after its interaction with Bax and tBid is controlled via phosphorylation of this channel by PKA. This, we believe, could be a mechanism of controlling cytochrome c-mediated cell death in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Banerjee
- Department of Biophysics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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48
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Abstract
The human disease protein, Bestrophin-1, associated with vitelliform macular dystrophy, has recently been shown to be an integral membrane anion channel-forming protein. In this study we have recovered all bestrophin homologues from the NCBI database and analyzed their sequences using bioinformatic approaches. Eukaryotic homologues were found in animals and fungi but not in plants or protozoans, and prokaryotic homologues distantly related to the eukaryotic proteins, were identified in certain Gram-negative bacterial kingdoms but not in Gram-positive bacteria or archaea. Our analyses suggest a uniform 4 TMS topology for most of these homologues with regions of conservation overlapping and preceding the odd numbered TMSs and overlapping and following the even numbered TMSs. Well-conserved motifs were identified in both the eukaryotic and the prokaryotic homologues, and these proved to overlap, suggesting common structural and functional properties. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the eukaryotic proteins cluster according to organismal type, and that the prokaryotic proteins sometimes (but not always) do so. This suggests that eukaryotic paralogues arose exclusively by recent gene duplication events although both early and late gene duplication events occurred in prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Hagen
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA
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Desai MK, Mishra RN, Verma D, Nair S, Sopory SK, Reddy MK. Structural and functional analysis of a salt stress inducible gene encoding voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC) from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:483-93. [PMID: 17023166 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We have cloned and characterized a gene encoding voltage-dependent anion channel from Pennisetum glaucum (PgVDAC). PgVDAC was identified while isolating genes that were differentially up-regulated following salt stress. The genomic organization of PgVDAC clone was well conserved compared to other plant VDAC genes in terms of number of introns, their position and phasing, however, the primary amino acid sequence of voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC) proteins did not show much conservation with other plant VDACs but their secondary and tertiary structures are well conserved as predicted by in silico structural and CD spectra analyses and results show it to be a typical membrane-spanning beta-barrel leading to the formation of pore in the membrane. The heterologous expression of PgVDAC protein in yeast strain lacking the endogenous mitochondrial VDAC gene could not functionally complement it as was also previously observed for the potato VDAC. Using real-time quantitative PCR analysis it was found that transcript expression profile of PgVDAC was quantitatively and kinetically up-regulated in response to salinity, desiccation, cold and exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA); however, there was no effect of exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA) on its expression. Constitutive over-expression of PgVDAC appears to be deleterious in transgenic rice plant; however, low level of up-regulation imparted salinity stress adaptive response. A search for a more suitable inducible transgene system is currently under way to understand PgVDAC expression levels in plant development and its role in stress adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Desai
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110 067, India
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Roman I, Figys J, Steurs G, Zizi M. Hunting interactomes of a membrane protein: obtaining the largest set of voltage-dependent anion channel-interacting protein epitopes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2006; 5:1667-80. [PMID: 16735301 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.t600009-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of epitopes involved in protein-protein interactions is essential for understanding protein structure and function. Large scale efforts, although identifying the interactions, did not always yield these epitopes, could not confirm most of the known interactions, and seemed particularly unsuccessful for native intrinsic membrane proteins. We have developed a fluidics-based approach (non-steady-state kinetics) to obtain the broadest set of the epitopes interacting with a given target and applied it to a phage display methodology optimized for membrane proteins. Phages expressing a liver cDNA library were screened against a membrane protein (voltage-dependent anion channel) reconstituted into liposomes and captured on a chip surface. The controlled fluidics was obtained by a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device that combined the advantages of working with minute reaction volumes and non-equilibrium conditions. We demonstrated selective enrichment of binders and could even select for different binding affinities by fractionation of the selected outputs at various elution times. With voltage-dependent anion channel as bait (a mitochondrial channel critical for cellular metabolism and apoptosis) we found at least 40% of its already reported ligands and independently confirmed 55 novel functional interactions, some of which fully blocked the channel. This highly efficient approach is generally applicable for any protein and could be automated and scaled up even without the use of a SPR device. The epitopes directly identified by this method are useful not only for unraveling interactomes but also for drug design and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Roman
- Department of Physiology (FYSP), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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