1
|
Kumari S, Rana B, Senthil Kumaran S, Chaudhary S, Jain S, Srivastava AK, Rajan R. Gray Matter Atrophy in a 6-OHDA-induced Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neuroscience 2024; 551:217-228. [PMID: 38843989 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based brain morphometric changes in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induced Parkinson's disease (PD) model can be elucidated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), study of alterations in gray matter volume and Machine Learning (ML) based analyses. METHODS We investigated gray matter atrophy in 6-OHDA induced PD model as compared to sham control using statistical and ML based analysis. VBM and atlas-based volumetric analysis was carried out at regional level. Support vector machine (SVM)-based algorithms wherein features (volume) extracted from (a) each of the 150 brain regions (b) statistically significant features (only) and (c) volumes of each cluster identified after application of VBM (VBM_Vol) were used for training the decision model. The lesion of the 6-OHDA model was validated by estimating the net contralateral rotational behaviour by the injection of apomorphine drug and motor impairment was assessed by rotarod and open field test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In PD, gray matter volume (GMV) atrophy was noted in bilateral cortical and subcortical brain regions, especially in the internal capsule, substantia nigra, midbrain, primary motor cortex and basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in comparison with sham control. Behavioural results revealed an impairment in motor performance. SVM analysis showed 100% classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity at both 3 and 7 weeks using VBM_Vol. CONCLUSION Unilateral 6-OHDA induced GMV changes in both hemispheres at 7th week may be associated with progression of the disease in the PD model. SVM based approaches provide an increased classification accuracy to elucidate GMV atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Kumari
- Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharti Rana
- Department of Computer Science, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - S Senthil Kumaran
- Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Suman Jain
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Achal Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Roopa Rajan
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oleson S, Cao J, Wang X, Liu Z. In vivo tracing of the ascending vagal projections to the brain with manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1254097. [PMID: 37781260 PMCID: PMC10540305 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1254097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The vagus nerve, the primary neural pathway mediating brain-body interactions, plays an essential role in transmitting bodily signals to the brain. Despite its significance, our understanding of the detailed organization and functionality of vagal afferent projections remains incomplete. Methods In this study, we utilized manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) as a non-invasive and in vivo method for tracing vagal nerve projections to the brainstem and assessing their functional dependence on cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Manganese chloride solution was injected into the nodose ganglion of rats, and T1-weighted MRI scans were performed at both 12 and 24 h after the injection. Results Our findings reveal that vagal afferent neurons can uptake and transport manganese ions, serving as a surrogate for calcium ions, to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the brainstem. In the absence of VNS, we observed significant contrast enhancements of around 19-24% in the NTS ipsilateral to the injection side. Application of VNS for 4 h further promoted nerve activity, leading to greater contrast enhancements of 40-43% in the NTS. Discussion These results demonstrate the potential of MEMRI for high-resolution, activity-dependent tracing of vagal afferents, providing a valuable tool for the structural and functional assessment of the vagus nerve and its influence on brain activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Oleson
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Jiayue Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Xiaokai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Zhongming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moshchin M, Cheng KP, Osting S, Laluzerne M, Hurley SA, Singh AP, Trevathan JK, Brzeczkowski A, Yu JPJ, Lake WB, Ludwig KA, Suminski AJ. Quantifying changes in local basal ganglia structural connectivity in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's Disease using correlational tractography. INTERNATIONAL IEEE/EMBS CONFERENCE ON NEURAL ENGINEERING : [PROCEEDINGS]. INTERNATIONAL IEEE EMBS CONFERENCE ON NEURAL ENGINEERING 2023; 2023:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123839. [PMID: 37680669 PMCID: PMC10484213 DOI: 10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, tractography based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has become a popular tool for studying microstructural changes resulting from brain diseases like Parkinson's Disease (PD). Quantitative anisotropy (QA) is a parameter that is used in deterministic fiber tracking as a measure of connection between brain regions. It remains unclear, however, if microstructural changes caused by lesioning the median forebrain bundle (MFB) to create a Parkinsonian rat model can be resolved using tractography based on ex-vivo diffusion MRI. This study aims to fill this gap and enable future mechanistic research on structural changes of the whole brain network rodent models of PD. Specifically, it evaluated the ability of correlational tractography to detect structural changes in the MFB of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats. The findings reveal that correlational tractography can detect structural changes in lesioned MFB and differentiate between the 6-OHDA and control groups. Imaging results are supported by behavioral and histological evidence demonstrating that 6-OHDA lesioned rats were indeed Parkinsonian. The results suggest that QA and correlational tractography is appropriate to examine local structural changes in rodent models of neurodegenerative disease. More broadly, we expect that similar techniques may provide insight on how disease alters structure throughout the brain, and as a tool to optimize therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Osting
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kip A Ludwig
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rashidi F, Khanmirzaei MH, Hosseinzadeh F, Kolahchi Z, Jafarimehrabady N, Moghisseh B, Aarabi MH. Cingulum and Uncinate Fasciculus Microstructural Abnormalities in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Studies. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030475. [PMID: 36979166 PMCID: PMC10045759 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is gaining traction in neuroscience research as a tool for evaluating neural fibers. The technique can be used to assess white matter (WM) microstructure in neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson disease (PD). There is evidence that the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum bundle are involved in the pathogenesis of PD. These fasciculus and bundle alterations correlate with the symptoms and stages of PD. PRISMA 2022 was used to search PubMed and Scopus for relevant articles. Our search revealed 759 articles. Following screening of titles and abstracts, a full-text review, and implementing the inclusion criteria, 62 papers were selected for synthesis. According to the review of selected studies, WM integrity in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum bundles can vary according to symptoms and stages of Parkinson disease. This article provides structural insight into the heterogeneous PD subtypes according to their cingulate bundle and uncinate fasciculus changes. It also examines if there is any correlation between these brain structures' structural changes with cognitive impairment or depression scales like Geriatric Depression Scale-Short (GDS). The results showed significantly lower fractional anisotropy values in the cingulum bundle compared to healthy controls as well as significant correlations between FA and GDS scores for both left and right uncinate fasciculus regions suggesting that structural damage from disease progression may be linked to cognitive impairments seen in advanced PD patients. This review help in developing more targeted treatments for different types of Parkinson's disease, as well as providing a better understanding of how cognitive impairments may be related to these structural changes. Additionally, using DTI scans can provide clinicians with valuable information about white matter tracts which is useful for diagnosing and monitoring disease progression over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rashidi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | | | - Farbod Hosseinzadeh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Zahra Kolahchi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Niloofar Jafarimehrabady
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Bardia Moghisseh
- School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak 3848176941, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Klietz M, Elaman MH, Mahmoudi N, Nösel P, Ahlswede M, Wegner F, Höglinger GU, Lanfermann H, Ding XQ. Cerebral Microstructural Alterations in Patients With Early Parkinson's Disease Detected With Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Measurements. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:763331. [PMID: 34790113 PMCID: PMC8591214 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.763331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. In early stages of PD, patients typically display normal brain magnet resonance imaging (MRI) in routine screening. Advanced imaging approaches are necessary to discriminate early PD patients from healthy controls. In this study, microstructural changes in relevant brain regions of early PD patients were investigated by using quantitative MRI methods. Methods: Cerebral MRI at 3T was performed on 20 PD patients in early stages and 20 age and sex matched healthy controls. Brain relative proton density, T1, T2, and T2′ relaxation times were measured in 14 regions of interest (ROIs) in each hemisphere and compared between patients and controls to estimate PD related alterations. Results: In comparison to matched healthy controls, the PD patients revealed decreased relative proton density in contralateral prefrontal subcortical area, upper and lower pons, in ipsilateral globus pallidus, and bilaterally in splenium corporis callosi, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, and mesencephalon. The T1 relaxation time was increased in contralateral prefrontal subcortical area and centrum semiovale, putamen, nucleus caudatus and mesencephalon, whereas T2 relaxation time was elevated in upper pons bilaterally and in centrum semiovale ipsilaterally. T2′ relaxation time did not show significant changes. Conclusion: Early Parkinson’s disease is associated with a distinct profile of brain microstructural changes which may relate to clinical symptoms. The quantitative MR method used in this study may be useful in early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Limitations of this study include a small sample size and manual selection of the ROIs. Atlas-based or statistical mapping methods would be an alternative for an objective evaluation. More studies are necessary to validate the measurement methods for clinical use in diagnostics of early Parkinson’s disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - M Handan Elaman
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Nima Mahmoudi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Patrick Nösel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mareike Ahlswede
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Heinrich Lanfermann
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Xiao-Qi Ding
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sung CY, Chiang PK, Tsai CW, Yang FY. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Enhances Neurotrophic Factors and Alleviates Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:176-185. [PMID: 34196669 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has also been reported to improve behavioral functions in Parkinson's disease (PD) animal models; however, the effect of LIPUS stimulation on the neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammation has not yet been addressed. PD rat model was built by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in 2 sites in the right striatum. The levels of neurotrophic factors and lipocalin-2 (LCN2)-induced neuroinflammation were quantified using a western blot. Rotational test and cylinder test were conducted biweekly for 8 weeks. When the 6-OHDA + LIPUS and 6-OHDA groups were compared, the locomotor function of the 6-OHDA + LIPUS rats was significantly improved. After LIPUS stimulation, the tyrosine hydroxylase staining density was significantly increased in the striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of lesioned rats. Unilateral LIPUS stimulation did not increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the striatum and SNpc of lesioned rats. In contrast, unilateral LIPUS stimulation increased glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) protein 1.98-fold unilaterally in the SNpc. Additionally, LCN2-induced neuroinflammation can be attenuated following LIPUS stimulation. Our data indicated that LIPUS stimulation may be a potential therapeutic tool against PD via enhancement of GDNF level and inhibition of inflammatory responses in the SNpc of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Sung
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Kai Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wen Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Petiet A. Current and Emerging MR Methods and Outcome in Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease: A Review. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:583678. [PMID: 33897339 PMCID: PMC8058186 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.583678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a major neurodegenerative disease characterized by massive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synuclein-containing Lewy bodies, and neuroinflammation. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression and treatment. A variety of MR methods are available to characterize neurodegeneration and other disease features such as iron accumulation and metabolic changes in animal models of PD. This review aims at giving an overview of how those physiopathological features of PD have been investigated using various MR methods in rodent models. Toxin-based and genetic-based models of PD are first described. MR methods for neurodegeneration evaluation, iron load, and metabolism alterations are then detailed, and the main findings are provided in those models. Ultimately, future directions are suggested for neuroinflammation and neuromelanin evaluations in new animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Petiet
- Centre de Neuroimagerie de Recherche, Institut du Cerveau, Paris, France.,Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meng Z, Guo R, Li Y, Guan Y, Wang T, Zhao Y, Sutton B, Li Y, Liang ZP. Accelerating T 2 mapping of the brain by integrating deep learning priors with low-rank and sparse modeling. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1455-1467. [PMID: 32989816 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To accelerate T2 mapping with highly sparse sampling by integrating deep learning image priors with low-rank and sparse modeling. METHODS The proposed method achieves high-speed T2 mapping by highly sparsely sampling (k, TE)-space. Image reconstruction from the undersampled data was done by exploiting the low-rank structure and sparsity in the T2 -weighted image sequence and image priors learned from training data. The image priors for a single TE were generated from the public Human Connectome Project data using a tissue-based deep learning method; the image priors were then transferred to other TEs using a generalized series-based method. With these image priors, the proposed reconstruction method used a low-rank model and a sparse model to capture subject-dependent novel features. RESULTS The proposed method was evaluated using experimental data obtained from both healthy subjects and tumor patients using a turbo spin-echo sequence. High-quality T2 maps at the resolution of 0.9 × 0.9 × 3.0 mm3 were obtained successfully from highly undersampled data with an acceleration factor of 8. Compared with the existing compressed sensing-based methods, the proposed method produced significantly reduced reconstruction errors. Compared with the deep learning-based methods, the proposed method recovered novel features better. CONCLUSION This paper demonstrates the feasibility of learning T2 -weighted image priors for multiple TEs using tissue-based deep learning and generalized series-based learning. A new method was proposed to effectively integrate these image priors with low-rank and sparse modeling to reconstruct high-quality images from highly undersampled data. The proposed method will supplement other acquisition-based methods to achieve high-speed T2 mapping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Meng
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yudu Li
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yue Guan
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yibo Zhao
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Brad Sutton
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yao Li
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Pei Liang
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang J, Li Q. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Application in Central Nervous System Diseases. Front Neurol 2020; 11:143. [PMID: 32161572 PMCID: PMC7052353 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) relies on the strong paramagnetism of Mn2+. Mn2+ is a calcium ion analog and can enter excitable cells through voltage-gated calcium channels. Mn2+ can be transported along the axons of neurons via microtubule-based fast axonal transport. Based on these properties, MEMRI is used to describe neuroanatomical structures, monitor neural activity, and evaluate axonal transport rates. The application of MEMRI in preclinical animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases can provide more information for the study of disease mechanisms. In this article, we provide a brief review of MEMRI use in CNS diseases ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to brain injury and spinal cord injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & Cancer Center, Kunming, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & Cancer Center, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chung BS, Park JS. Whole course of pallidothalamic tracts identified on the sectioned images and surface models. Clin Anat 2019; 33:66-76. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.23468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Sun Chung
- Department of Anatomy Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seo Park
- Department of Anatomy Dongguk University School of Medicine Gyeongju Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feo R, Giove F. Towards an efficient segmentation of small rodents brain: A short critical review. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 323:82-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
12
|
Saar G, Koretsky AP. Manganese Enhanced MRI for Use in Studying Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 12:114. [PMID: 30666190 PMCID: PMC6330305 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MRI has been extensively used in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontal-temporal dementia (FTD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MRI is important for monitoring the neurodegenerative components in other diseases such as epilepsy, stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS). Manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been used in many preclinical studies to image anatomy and cytoarchitecture, to obtain functional information in areas of the brain and to study neuronal connections. This is due to Mn2+ ability to enter excitable cells through voltage gated calcium channels and be actively transported in an anterograde manner along axons and across synapses. The broad range of information obtained from MEMRI has led to the use of Mn2+ in many animal models of neurodegeneration which has supplied important insight into brain degeneration in preclinical studies. Here we provide a brief review of MEMRI use in neurodegenerative diseases and in diseases with neurodegenerative components in animal studies and discuss the potential translation of MEMRI to clinical use in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galit Saar
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alan P Koretsky
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cloyd RA, Koren SA, Abisambra JF. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Overview and Central Nervous System Applications With a Focus on Neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:403. [PMID: 30618710 PMCID: PMC6300587 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) rose to prominence in the 1990s as a sensitive approach to high contrast imaging. Following the discovery of manganese conductance through calcium-permeable channels, MEMRI applications expanded to include functional imaging in the central nervous system (CNS) and other body systems. MEMRI has since been employed in the investigation of physiology in many animal models and in humans. Here, we review historical perspectives that follow the evolution of applied MRI research into MEMRI with particular focus on its potential toxicity. Furthermore, we discuss the more current in vivo investigative uses of MEMRI in CNS investigations and the brief but decorated clinical usage of chelated manganese compound mangafodipir in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Cloyd
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Shon A Koren
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience & Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jose F Abisambra
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience & Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang X, Cai F, Ding DX, Zhang LL, Cai XY, Fang Q. Magnetic resonance imaging relaxation time in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:176-189. [PMID: 29738781 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxation time constants, T1 and T2, are sensitive to changes in brain tissue microstructure integrity. Quantitative T1 and T2 relaxation times have been proposed to serve as non-invasive biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in which alterations are believed to not only reflect AD-related neuropathology but also cognitive impairment. In this review, we summarize the applications and key findings of MRI techniques in the context of both AD subjects and AD transgenic mouse models. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms of relaxation time alterations in AD will be discussed. Future studies could focus on relaxation time alterations in the early stage of AD, and longitudinal studies are needed to further explore relaxation time alterations during disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Dong-Xue Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Qi Fang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He K, Qi F, Guo C, Zhan S, Xu H, Liu J, Yang X. Movement deficits and neuronal loss in basal ganglia in TRPC1 deficient mice. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69337-69346. [PMID: 27738307 PMCID: PMC5342481 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation (TRPC) channel proteins are abundantly expressed in brain. However, the functions of these TRPC proteins such as TRPC1 are largely unclear. In this study, we reported that TRPC1 deficiency caused movement disorder as measured by swimming test, modified open field test and sunflower seeds eating test. Immunofluorescent staining showed significant loss of both NeuN-positive cells and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) -positive cells in the caudate putamen (CPu), the external globus pallidus (GPe), and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) in 5-month-old TRPC1 knockout mice (TRPC1-/-) compared to the wild type (WT) mice. TUNEL staining further revealed that TUNEL-positive cells were significantly increased in the CPu, GPe, and SNr of TRPC1-/- mice. Taken together, these data suggests that TRPC1 is involved in the control of motor function by inhibiting the apoptosis of neuronal cells of basal ganglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwu He
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunni Guo
- Department of Neurology, ShanghaiFirst People's HospitalAffiliated toShanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqin Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Marin C, Laxe S, Langdon C, Berenguer J, Lehrer E, Mariño-Sánchez F, Alobid I, Bernabeu M, Mullol J. Olfactory function in an excitotoxic model for secondary neuronal degeneration: Role of dopaminergic interneurons. Neuroscience 2017; 364:28-44. [PMID: 28918258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Secondary neuronal degeneration (SND) occurring in Traumatic brain injury (TBI) consists in downstream destructive events affecting cells that were not or only marginally affected by the initial wound, further increasing the effects of the primary injury. Glutamate excitotoxicity is hypothesized to play an important role in SND. TBI is a common cause of olfactory dysfunction that may be spontaneous and partially recovered. The role of the glutamate excitotoxicity in the TBI-induced olfactory dysfunction is still unknown. We investigated the effects of excitotoxicity induced by bilateral N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) OB administration in the olfactory function, OB volumes, and subventricular zone (SVZ) and OB neurogenesis in rats. NMDA OB administration induced a decrease in the number of correct choices in the olfactory discrimination tests one week after lesions (p<0.01), and a spontaneous recovery of the olfactory deficit two weeks after lesions (p<0.05). A lack of correlation between OB volumes and olfactory function was observed. An increase in SVZ neurogenesis (Ki67+ cells, PSANCAM+ cells (p<0.01) associated with an increase in OB glomerular dopaminergic immunostaining (p<0.05) were related to olfactory function recovery. The present results show that changes in OB volumes cannot explain the recovery of the olfactory function and suggest a relevant role for dopaminergic OB interneurons in the pathophysiology of recovery of loss of smell in TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Sara Laxe
- Brain Injury Unit, Guttmann-Institut-Hospital for Neurorehabilitation adscript UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristobal Langdon
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Joan Berenguer
- Neuroradiology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Lehrer
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Franklin Mariño-Sánchez
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Montserrat Bernabeu
- Brain Injury Unit, Guttmann-Institut-Hospital for Neurorehabilitation adscript UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Magnetic resonance imaging and tensor-based morphometry in the MPTP non-human primate model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180733. [PMID: 28738061 PMCID: PMC5524324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder producing a variety of motor and cognitive deficits with the causes remaining largely unknown. The gradual loss of the nigrostriatal pathway is currently considered the pivotal pathological event. To better understand the progression of PD and improve treatment management, defining the disease on a structural basis and expanding brain analysis to extra-nigral structures is indispensable. The anatomical complexity and the presence of neuromelanin, make the use of non-human primates an essential element in developing putative imaging biomarkers of PD. To this end, ex vivo T2-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from control and 1-methyl-4 phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated marmosets. Volume measurements of the caudate, putamen, and substantia nigra indicated significant atrophy and cortical thinning. Tensor-based morphometry provided a more extensive and hypothesis free assessment of widespread changes caused by the toxin insult to the brain, especially highlighting regional cortical atrophy. The results highlight the importance of developing imaging biomarkers of PD in non-human primate models considering their distinct neuroanatomy. It is essential to further develop these biomarkers in vivo to provide non-invasive tools to detect pre-symptomatic PD and to monitor potential disease altering therapeutics.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu L, Wang X. Time course study of fractional anisotropy in the substantia nigra of a parkinsonian rat model induced by 6-OHDA. Behav Brain Res 2017; 328:130-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
19
|
Early and progressive microstructural brain changes in mice overexpressing human α-Synuclein detected by diffusion kurtosis imaging. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 61:197-208. [PMID: 27923670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is sensitive in detecting α-Synuclein (α-Syn) accumulation-associated microstructural changes at late stages of the pathology in α-Syn overexpressing TNWT-61 mice. The aim of this study was to perform DKI in young TNWT-61 mice when α-Syn starts to accumulate and to compare the imaging results with an analysis of motor and memory impairment and α-Syn levels. Three-month-old (3mo) and six-month-old (6mo) mice underwent DKI scanning using the Bruker Avance 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging system. Region of interest (ROI) analyses were performed in the gray matter; tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses were performed in the white matter. In the same mice, α-Syn expression was evaluated using quantitative immunofluorescence. Mean kurtosis (MK) was the best differentiator between TNWT-61 mice and wildtype (WT) mice. We found increases in MK in 3mo TNWT-61 mice in the striatum and thalamus but not in the substantia nigra (SN), hippocampus, or sensorimotor cortex, even though the immunoreactivity of human α-Syn was similar or even higher in the latter regions. Increases in MK in the SN were detected in 6mo mice. These findings indicate that α-Syn accumulation-associated changes may start in areas with a high density of dopaminergic nerve terminals. We also found TBSS changes in white matter only at 6mo, suggesting α-Syn accumulation-associated changes start in the gray matter and later progress to the white matter. MK is able to detect microstructural changes induced by α-Syn overexpression in TNWT-61 mice and could be a useful clinical tool for detecting early-stage Parkinson's disease in human patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Monnot C, Zhang X, Nikkhou-Aski S, Damberg P, Svenningsson P. Asymmetric dopaminergic degeneration and levodopa alter functional corticostriatal connectivity bilaterally in experimental parkinsonism. Exp Neurol 2017; 292:11-20. [PMID: 28223037 PMCID: PMC5405850 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric dopamine loss is commonly found in early Parkinson's disease (PD), but its effects on functional networks have been difficult to delineate in PD patients because of variations in age, disease duration and therapy. Here we used unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned (6-OHDA) rats and controls and treated them with a single intraperitoneal injection of levodopa (L-DOPA) before performing diffusion weighted MRI and resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). In accordance with a neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, diffusion tensor imaging showed increased radial diffusivity and decreased fractional anisotropy in the lesioned substantia nigra. Likewise a deterministic connectometry approach showed increase of isotropic diffusion values in the medial forebrain bundle. rs-fMRI showed reduced interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) between the intact and the 6-OHDA lesioned caudate-putamen. Unexpectedly, there was an increased FC between the 6-OHDA lesioned caudate-putamen and sensorimotor cortices of both hemispheres. L-DOPA reversed the FC changes between the dopamine denervated caudate-putamen and the sensorimotor cortices, but not the reduced interhemispheric FC between caudate-putamina. Similarly, L-DOPA induced c-fos expression in both sensorimotor cortices, but only in the dopamine-depleted caudate-putamen. Taken together, these data suggest that asymmetric degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway results in functional asynchrony between the intact and 6-OHDA-lesioned caudate-putamen and increased interhemispheric synchrony between sensorimotor cortices. The results also indicate that the initial effect of L-DOPA is to restore functional corticostriatal connectivity rather than synchronize caudate-putamina. Rats unilaterally lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) are examined using MRI. Diffusion MRI revealed loss of fractional anisotropy in a lesioned substantia nigra. rs-fMRI showed lower functional connectivity (FC) btw intact and lesioned striata. FC increased between the lesioned striatum and both sensorimotor cortices. Levodopa normalized FC between sensorimotor cortices and lesioned striatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Monnot
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xiaoqun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sahar Nikkhou-Aski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Experimental Research and Imaging Center, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Damberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Experimental Research and Imaging Center, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lenfeldt N, Eriksson J, Åström B, Forsgren L, Mo SJ. Fractional Anisotropy and Mean Diffusion as Measures of Dopaminergic Function in Parkinson’s Disease: Challenging Results. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 7:129-142. [DOI: 10.3233/jpd-161011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Lenfeldt
- Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Eriksson
- Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Åström
- Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsgren
- Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Characterization of gray matter atrophy following 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal system. Neuroscience 2016; 334:166-179. [PMID: 27506141 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unilaterally-lesioned 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat is one of the most commonly used experimental models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we investigated whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is widely used in human PD research, has the potential to non-invasively detect macroscopic structural brain changes in the 6-OHDA rat in ways translatable to humans. METHODS We measured the gray matter (GM) composition in the unilateral 6-OHDA rat in comparison to sham animals using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) - an unbiased MR image analysis technique. The number of nigral dopamine (DA) neurons and the density of their cortical projections were examined post-mortem using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS VBM revealed widespread bilateral changes in gray matter volume (GMV) on a topographic scale in the brains of 6-OHDA rats, compared to sham-operated rats. The greatest changes were in the lesioned hemisphere, which displayed reductions of GMV in motor, cingulate and somatosensory cortex. Histopathological results revealed dopaminergic cell loss in the substantia nigra (SN) and a denervation in the striatum, as well as in the frontal, somatosensory and cingulate cortices. CONCLUSION Unilateral nigrostriatal 6-OHDA lesioning leads to widespread GMV changes, which extend beyond the nigrostriatal system and resemble advanced Parkinsonism. This study highlights the potential of structural MRI, and VBM in particular, for the system-level phenotyping of rodent models of Parkinsonism and provides a methodological framework for future studies in novel rodent models as they become available to the research community.
Collapse
|
23
|
Combining Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Susceptibility Weighted Imaging on the Substantia Nigra of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Rhesus Monkey Model of Parkinson's Disease. W INDIAN MED J 2016; 64:480-486. [PMID: 27400227 DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2016.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether combining diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTI) and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) techniques would provide a sensitive method for differentiating between 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced rhesus monkey model of Parkinson's disease (PD) and wild-type controls. Subjects and Methods Seventeen rhesus monkeys were divided into two groups. A series of intramuscular injections of either saline (control group, n = 8) or MPTP (0.2 mg/kg body weight; PD group, n = 9) were given to the monkeys, twice a week. Then, SWI and DTI scans were obtained from the monkeys with Siemens Magnetom Verio 3.0T superconductive MRI system. Region of interest analysis was performed on substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). In addition, immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase was applied to assess degeneration of SN dopaminergic neurons. Results Monkeys in the PD group displayed mild to moderate motor symptoms assessed using Kurlan's scale. With SWI scans, decreased width of SNc but increased width of SNr was found in PD group monkeys compared to controls. Calculation of the ratios of widths of SNc and SNr to the anterior and posterior mesencephalic diameter also reflected narrower SNc but wider SNr than controls. Decreased SWI signal intensity of SNc and SNr suggested iron deposition in both subregions of SN. The DTI scans showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in SNc of the PD group monkeys, while no change of FA values in SNr was detected. Immunohistochemical test displayed generalized loss of dopaminergic neurons in SN of PD group monkeys. Conclusion Combining the use of DTI and SWI can provide a sensitive method for differentiating between MPTP-induced rhesus monkey model of PD and wild-type controls. This effective imaging modality might provide additional information for characteristic identification of PD at early stages, thus enhancing the ability to make early diagnosis, and monitor progression of the natural history and treatment effects.
Collapse
|
24
|
Olson KE, Bade AN, Schutt CR, Dong J, Shandler SJ, Boska MD, Mosley RL, Gendelman HE, Liu Y. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detection of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 2 Agonist Therapy in a Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2016; 13:635-46. [PMID: 27329163 PMCID: PMC4965412 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-016-0449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective immunity is defined by transformation of T-cell polarity for therapeutic gain. For neurodegenerative disorders and specifically for Parkinson's disease (PD), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor or vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2) agonists elicit robust anti-inflammatory microglial responses leading to neuronal sparing in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated mice. While neurotherapeutic potential was demonstrated for PD, there remain inherent limitations in translating these inventions from the laboratory to patients. One obstacle in translating such novel neurotherapeutics centers on the availability of suitable noninvasive methods to track disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. To this end, we developed manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) assays as a way to track a linkage between glial activation and VIPR2 agonist (LBT-3627)-induced neuroprotective immunity for MPTP-induced nigrostriatal degeneration. Notably, LBT-3627-treated, MPTP-intoxicated mice show reduced MEMRI brain signal intensities. These changes paralleled reduced astrogliosis and resulted in sparing of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase neurons. Most importantly, the data suggest that MEMRI can be developed as a biomarker tool to monitor neurotherapeutic responses that are relevant to common neurodegenerative disorders used to improve disease outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Charles R Schutt
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jingdong Dong
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Lee Mosley
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cuellar-Baena S, Landeck N, Sonnay S, Buck K, Mlynarik V, In 't Zandt R, Kirik D. Assessment of brain metabolite correlates of adeno-associated virus-mediated over-expression of human alpha-synuclein in cortical neurons by in vivo (1) H-MR spectroscopy at 9.4 T. J Neurochem 2016; 137:806-19. [PMID: 26811128 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used proton-localized spectroscopy ((1) H-MRS) for the acquisition of the neurochemical profile longitudinally in a novel rat model of human wild-type alpha-synuclein (α-syn) over-expression. Our goal was to find out if the increased α-syn load in this model could be linked to changes in metabolites in the frontal cortex. Animals injected with AAV vectors encoding for human α-syn formed the experimental group, whereas green fluorescent protein expressing animals were used as the vector-treated control group and a third group of uninjected animals were used as naïve controls. Data were acquired at 2, 4, and 8 month time points. Nineteen metabolites were quantified in the MR spectra using LCModel software. On the basis of 92 spectra, we evaluated any potential gender effect and found that lactate (Lac) levels were lower in males compared to females, while the opposite was observed for ascorbate (Asc). Next, we assessed the effect of age and found increased levels of GABA, Tau, and GPC+PCho. Finally, we analyzed the effect of treatment and found that Lac levels (p = 0.005) were specifically lower in the α-syn group compared to the green fluorescent protein and control groups. In addition, Asc levels (p = 0.05) were increased in the vector-injected groups, whereas glucose levels remained unchanged. This study indicates that the metabolic switch between glucose-lactate could be detectable in vivo and might be modulated by Asc. No concomitant changes were found in markers of neuronal integrity (e.g., N-acetylaspartate) consistent with the fact that α-syn over-expression in cortical neurons did not result in neurodegeneration in this model. We acquired the neurochemical profile longitudinally in a rat model of human wild-type alpha-synuclein (α-syn) over-expression in cortical neurons. We found that Lactate levels were reduced in the α-syn group compared to the control groups and Ascorbate levels were increased in the vector-injected groups. No changes were found in markers of neuronal integrity consistent with the fact that α-syn over-expression did not result in frank neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cuellar-Baena
- Brain Repair And Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S), Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Natalie Landeck
- Brain Repair And Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S), Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sarah Sonnay
- Brain Repair And Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S), Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Laboratory of functional and metabolic imaging (LIFMET), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Buck
- Brain Repair And Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S), Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Mlynarik
- Laboratory of functional and metabolic imaging (LIFMET), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - René In 't Zandt
- Lund University BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Deniz Kirik
- Brain Repair And Imaging in Neural Systems (B.R.A.I.N.S), Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund University BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Khairnar A, Ruda‐Kucerova J, Drazanova E, Szabó N, Latta P, Arab A, Hutter‐Paier B, Havas D, Windisch M, Sulcova A, Starcuk Z, Király A, Rektorova I. Late‐stage α‐synuclein accumulation in TNWT‐61 mouse model of Parkinson's disease detected by diffusion kurtosis imaging. J Neurochem 2016; 136:1259-1269. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Khairnar
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jana Ruda‐Kucerova
- Experimental and Applied Neuropsychopharmacology Group CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Eva Drazanova
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
- Institute of Scientific Instruments Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Brno Czech Republic
| | - Nikoletta Szabó
- Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Albert Szent‐Györgyi Clinical Centre University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
| | - Peter Latta
- Multimodal and Functional Imaging Laboratory CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Anas Arab
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Alexandra Sulcova
- Experimental and Applied Neuropsychopharmacology Group CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zenon Starcuk
- Institute of Scientific Instruments Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Brno Czech Republic
- Multimodal and Functional Imaging Laboratory CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - András Király
- Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Albert Szent‐Györgyi Clinical Centre University of Szeged Szeged Hungary
- Multimodal and Functional Imaging Laboratory CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Irena Rektorova
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group CEITEC ‐ Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bensaid M, Michel PP, Clark SD, Hirsch EC, François C. Role of pedunculopontine cholinergic neurons in the vulnerability of nigral dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2015; 275 Pt 1:209-19. [PMID: 26571193 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) cholinergic neurons, which exert excitatory nicotinic control over substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, degenerate in Parkinson's disease (PD). This finding and other studies showing that nicotine, the preferential agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, is neuroprotective in experimental models of PD suggest that a deficit in PPN excitatory cholinergic inputs might contribute to the death of nigral dopaminergic neurons in PD. To explore this possibility, we used lesion paradigms of dopaminergic and/or cholinergic systems in rats and monkeys. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed that stereotaxic lesioning of PPN cholinergic neurons with diphtheria toxin coupled to urotensin II resulted in a significant loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons in rats and induced morphological changes in these neurons in macaques. Unexpectedly, a lesion of dopaminergic neurons induced by unilateral striatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in rats, or by repeated systemic injections of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in macaques, led to a 29% and 7% loss of PPN cholinergic neurons, respectively. Lastly, when the PPN cholinergic lesion was performed in rats in which the dopaminergic lesion induced by 6-OHDA was in progress, loss of cholinergic neurons was more drastic than when each neurotransmitter system was lesioned separately. Thus, our results suggest that strong PPN cholinergic and dopaminergic interactions may be an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manale Bensaid
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Patrick P Michel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Stewart D Clark
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Etienne C Hirsch
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Chantal François
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, UM75, U1127, UMR 7225, ICM, F-75013 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Quantitative activation-induced manganese-enhanced MRI reveals severity of Parkinson's disease in mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12800. [PMID: 26255701 PMCID: PMC4530460 DOI: 10.1038/srep12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that activation-induced manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with quantitative determination of the longitudinal relaxation time (qAIM-MRI) reveals the severity of Parkinson's disease (PD) in mice. We first show that manganese ion-accumulation depends on neuronal activity. A highly active region was then observed by qAIM-MRI in the caudate-putamen in PD-model mice that was significantly correlated to the severity of PD, suggesting its involvement in the expression of PD symptoms.
Collapse
|
29
|
Khairnar A, Latta P, Drazanova E, Ruda-Kucerova J, Szabó N, Arab A, Hutter-Paier B, Havas D, Windisch M, Sulcova A, Starcuk Z, Rektorova I. Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Detects Microstructural Alterations in Brain of α-Synuclein Overexpressing Transgenic Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Study. Neurotox Res 2015; 28:281-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
30
|
Lenfeldt N, Larsson A, Nyberg L, Birgander R, Forsgren L. Fractional anisotropy in the substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease: a complex picture. Eur J Neurol 2015; 22:1408-14. [PMID: 26118635 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study employs magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion tensor imaging to compare diffusion measures in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with healthy controls using longitudinal data. METHODS One-hundred and twenty-two patients and 34 controls were included at baseline. The MRI investigations were repeated after 1, 3 and 5 years. The diffusion measures were quantified using fractional anisotropy and mean, radial and axial diffusion (FA, MD, RD, AD). Regions of interest included the anterior, middle and posterior substantia nigra (SN), but also other areas. Linear models were used to test for the effect of disease and hemispheric lateralization. The P value was set at 0.05 (Bonferroni corrected). RESULTS Fractional anisotropy and AD were increased in the three nigral subareas in PD (P < 0.01), but MD and RD were unaltered. The right SN had higher FA than the left in all subareas (P < 0.01). MD and AD were increased in the right anterior part (P < 0.04), whereas MD and RD were decreased in the right middle and posterior parts (P < 0.001). The left middle cerebellar peduncle had increased FA and AD (P < 0.001) and decreased MD and RD (P < 0.01) compared to the right. Diffusion measures did not progress over time and side differences were not related to disease or lateralization of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Increased FA in the SN in PD indicates gliosis and inflammation in the nuclei, but possibly also intrusion of surrounding fibres into the shrinking structure. The hemispheric side differences of diffusion might reflect natural lateralization of connectivity, but their relation to PD must be studied further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Lenfeldt
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Larsson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Nyberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - R Birgander
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Forsgren
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bade AN, Gorantla S, Dash PK, Makarov E, Sajja BR, Poluektova LY, Luo J, Gendelman HE, Boska MD, Liu Y. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflects Brain Pathology During Progressive HIV-1 Infection of Humanized Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3286-3297. [PMID: 26063593 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Progressive human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection commonly leads to a constellation of cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments. These are collectively termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). While antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces HAND severity, it does not affect disease prevalence. Despite decades of research, there remain no biomarkers for HAND and all potential comorbid conditions must first be excluded for a diagnosis to be made. To this end, we now report that manganese (Mn(2+))-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) can reflect brain region-specific HIV-1-induced neuropathology in chronically virus-infected NOD/scid-IL-2Rγc(null) humanized mice. MEMRI diagnostics mirrors the abilities of Mn(2+) to enter and accumulate in affected neurons during disease. T1 relaxivity and its weighted signal intensity are proportional to Mn(2+) activities in neurons. In 16-week virus-infected humanized mice, altered MEMRI signal enhancement was easily observed in affected brain regions. These included, but were not limited to, the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, globus pallidus, caudoputamen, substantia nigra, and cerebellum. MEMRI signal was coordinated with levels of HIV-1 infection, neuroinflammation (astro- and micro-gliosis), and neuronal injury. MEMRI accurately demonstrates the complexities of HIV-1-associated neuropathology in rodents that reflects, in measure, the clinical manifestations of neuroAIDS as it is seen in a human host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Santhi Gorantla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Prasanta K Dash
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Edward Makarov
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Balasrinivasa R Sajja
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA
| | - Larisa Y Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Jiangtao Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lin CM, Lin YT, Lin RD, Huang WJ, Lee MH. Neurocytoprotective Effects of Aliphatic Hydroxamates from Lovastatin, a Secondary Metabolite from Monascus-Fermented Red Mold Rice, in 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-Treated Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-Differentiated PC12 Cells. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:716-24. [PMID: 25692332 DOI: 10.1021/cn500275k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lovastatin, a secondary metabolite isolated from Monascus-fermented red rice mold, has neuroprotective activity and permeates the blood-brain barrier. The aim of this study was to enhance the activity of lovastatin for potential use as a treatment for neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Six lovastatin-derived compounds were semisynthesized and screened for neurocytoprotective activity against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma PC12 cells. Four compounds, designated as 3a, 3d, 3e, and 3f, significantly enhanced cell viability. In particular, compound 3f showed excellent neurocytoprotective activity (97.0 ± 2.7%). Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide double staining and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining indicated that compound 3f reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Compound 3f also reduced caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities, and intracellular calcium concentrations elevated by 6-OHDA in a concentration-dependent manner, without inhibiting reactive oxygen species generation. JC-1 staining indicated that compound 3f also stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential. Thus, compound 3f may be used as a neurocytoprotective agent. Future studies should investigate its potential application as a treatment for Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Min Lin
- Graduate
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University—Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei County 235, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzu Lin
- Graduate
Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Dih Lin
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Heping Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Huang
- Graduate
Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for the
Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School
of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsien Lee
- Graduate
Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for the
Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine & Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Senra Filho ACDS, Barbosa JHO, Salmon CEG, Murta LO. Anisotropic anomalous diffusion filtering applied to relaxation time estimation in magnetic resonance imaging. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2014:3893-6. [PMID: 25570842 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2014.6944474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Relaxometry mapping is a quantitative modality in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) widely used in neuroscience studies. Despite its relevance and utility, voxel measurement of relaxation time in relaxometry MRI is compromised by noise that is inherent to MRI modality and acquisition hardware. In order to enhance signal to noise ratio (SNR) and quality of relaxometry mapping we propose application of anisotropic anomalous diffusion (AAD) filter that is consistent with inhomogeneous complex media. Here we evaluated AAD filter in comparison to two usual spatial filters: Gaussian and non local means (NLM) filters applied to real and simulated T2 relaxometry image sequences. The results demonstrate that AAD filter is comparatively more efficient in noise reducing and maintaining the image structural edges. AAD shows to be a robust and reliable spatial filter for brain image relaxometry.
Collapse
|
34
|
Virel A, Faergemann E, Orädd G, Strömberg I. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study striatal iron accumulation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112941. [PMID: 25398088 PMCID: PMC4232582 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal accumulation of iron is observed in neurodegenerative disorders. In Parkinson's disease, an excess of iron has been demonstrated in different structures of the basal ganglia and is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of Parkinson's disease, the edematous effect of 6-OHDA and its relation with striatal iron accumulation was examined utilizing in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The results revealed that in comparison with control animals, injection of 6-OHDA into the rat striatum provoked an edematous process, visible in T2-weighted images that was accompanied by an accumulation of iron clearly detectable in T2*-weighted images. Furthermore, Prussian blue staining to detect iron in sectioned brains confirmed the existence of accumulated iron in the areas of T2* hypointensities. The presence of ED1-positive microglia in the lesioned striatum overlapped with this accumulation of iron, indicating areas of toxicity and loss of dopamine nerve fibers. Correlation analyses demonstrated a direct relation between the hyperintensities caused by the edema and the hypointensities caused by the accumulation of iron.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Virel
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Erik Faergemann
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Greger Orädd
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Strömberg
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ziegler E, Rouillard M, André E, Coolen T, Stender J, Balteau E, Phillips C, Garraux G. Mapping track density changes in nigrostriatal and extranigral pathways in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage 2014; 99:498-508. [PMID: 24956065 PMCID: PMC4121087 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD) the demonstration of neuropathological disturbances in nigrostriatal and extranigral brain pathways using magnetic resonance imaging remains a challenge. Here, we applied a novel diffusion-weighted imaging approach-track density imaging (TDI). Twenty-seven non-demented Parkinson's patients (mean disease duration: 5 years, mean score on the Hoehn & Yahr scale=1.5) were compared with 26 elderly controls matched for age, sex, and education level. Track density images were created by sampling each subject's spatially normalized fiber tracks in 1mm isotropic intervals and counting the fibers that passed through each voxel. Whole-brain voxel-based analysis was performed and significance was assessed with permutation testing. Statistically significant increases in track density were found in the Parkinson's patients, relative to controls. Clusters were distributed in disease-relevant areas including motor, cognitive, and limbic networks. From the lower medulla to the diencephalon and striatum, clusters encompassed the known location of the locus coeruleus and pedunculopontine nucleus in the pons, and from the substantia nigra up to medial aspects of the posterior putamen, bilaterally. The results identified in brainstem and nigrostriatal pathways show a large overlap with the known distribution of neuropathological changes in non-demented PD patients. Our results also support an early involvement of limbic and cognitive networks in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ziegler
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Maud Rouillard
- MoVeRe Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elodie André
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Tim Coolen
- MoVeRe Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Johan Stender
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Balteau
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Phillips
- Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Gaëtan Garraux
- MoVeRe Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Neurology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chao OY, Wang AL, Nikolaus S, de Souza Silva MA. NK₃ receptor agonism reinstates temporal order memory in the hemiparkinsonian rat. Behav Brain Res 2014; 285:208-12. [PMID: 24928770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Animals treated with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ODHA) injections, an animal model of Parkinson's disease, exhibit deficits in memory for temporal order, but show intact novel object recognition. Since senktide, a potent neurokinin-3 receptor (NK3-R) agonist, has been shown to have promnestic effects in the aged rat and to alleviate scopolamine-induced impairment, the present study aimed to assess possible promnestic effects of senktide in the hemiparkinsonian rat model. Animals received unilateral 6-ODHA microinjections into the medial forebrain bundle. Two weeks later, they were randomly assigned to treatment with vehicle, 0.2, or 0.4 mg/kg senktide. Temporal order memory and place recognition tests were conducted, locomotor activity and turning behavior were assessed in the open field and anxiety-related behavior was measured in the light-dark box. Treatments were administered 30 min prior to behavioral testing with an interval of seven days between tests. The animals treated with 0.2 mg/kg senktide exhibited temporal order memory, unlike the vehicle-treated group. No significant treatment effects were found in the open field and light-dark box. Administration of 0.2 mg/kg senktide may influence the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, leading to compensations for deficits in memory for temporal order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen Y Chao
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - An-Li Wang
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Nikolaus
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria A de Souza Silva
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Niñerola-Baizán A, Rojas S, Bonastre M, Tudela R, Lomeña F, Pavía J, Marin C, Ros D. In vivo evaluation of the dopaminergic neurotransmission system using [123I]FP-CIT SPECT in 6-OHDA lesioned rats. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:67-73. [PMID: 24888455 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rodent model of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been used to evaluate the nigrostriatal pathway. The aim of this work was to explore the relationship between the degree of 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic degeneration and [(123)I]FP-CIT binding using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Fourteen rats received a 6-OHDA injection (4 or 8 µg) into the left medial forebrain bundle. After 3 weeks, magnetic resonance imaging and scans with a small-animal SPECT system were performed. Finally, the nigrostriatal lesion was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed two levels of dopaminergic degeneration. Lesions induced by 6-OHDA diminished the ipsilateral [(123)I]FP-CIT binding by 61 and 76%, respectively. The decrease in tracer uptake between control and lesioned animals was statistically significant, as was the difference between the two 6-OHDA lesioned groups. Results concluded that [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT is a useful technique to discriminate the degree of dopaminergic degeneration in a rat model of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida Niñerola-Baizán
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Schwarz ST, Abaei M, Gontu V, Morgan PS, Bajaj N, Auer DP. Diffusion tensor imaging of nigral degeneration in Parkinson's disease: A region-of-interest and voxel-based study at 3 T and systematic review with meta-analysis. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2013; 3:481-8. [PMID: 24273730 PMCID: PMC3830065 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in developing a reliable, affordable and accessible disease biomarker of Parkinson's disease (PD) to facilitate disease modifying PD-trials. Imaging biomarkers using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can describe parameters such as fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). These parameters, when measured in the substantia nigra (SN), have not only shown promising but also varying and controversial results. To clarify the potential diagnostic value of nigral DTI in PD and its dependency on selection of region-of-interest, we undertook a high resolution DTI study at 3 T. 59 subjects (32 PD patients, 27 age and sex matched healthy controls) were analysed using manual outlining of SN and substructures, and voxel-based analysis (VBA). We also performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect size (DES) of disease related nigral DTI changes. We found a regional increase in nigral mean diffusivity in PD (mean ± SD, PD 0.80 ± 0.10 vs. controls 0.73 ± 0.06 · 10− 3 mm2/s, p = 0.002), but no difference using a voxel based approach. No significant disease effect was seen using meta-analysis of nigral MD changes (10 studies, DES = + 0.26, p = 0.17, I2 = 30%). None of the nigral regional or voxel based analyses of this study showed altered fractional anisotropy. Meta-analysis of 11 studies on nigral FA changes revealed a significant PD induced FA decrease. There was, however, a very large variation in results (I2 = 86%) comparing all studies. After exclusion of five studies with unusual high values of nigral FA in the control group, an acceptable heterogeneity was reached, but there was non-significant disease effect (DES = − 0.5, p = 0.22, I2 = 28%). The small PD related nigral MD changes in conjunction with the negative findings on VBA and meta-analysis limit the usefulness of nigral MD measures as biomarker of Parkinson's disease. The negative results of nigral FA measurements at regional, sub-regional and voxel level in conjunction with the results of the meta-analysis of nigral FA changes question the stability and validity of this measure as a PD biomarker. Investigating diagnostic accuracy of nigral diffusion MRI to diagnose Parkinson's There is small, inconsistent increase of mean diffusivity of the substantia nigra. There is no change in nigral fractional anisotropy (FA) in the case–control study. Meta-analysis revealed nigral FA change is dependent on high FA in controls. This questions the usefulness of nigral diffusion MRI as biomarker in Parkinson's.
Collapse
Key Words
- ACE, Addenbrooke's cognitive examination test battery
- ADC, Apparent diffusion coefficient
- DES, Effect size of disease related nigral changes
- DTI, Diffusion tensor imaging
- Diffusion weighted imaging
- EPI, Echo planar imaging
- Fractional anisotropy
- ICC, Intraclass correlation coefficient
- MD, Mean diffusivity
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- Parkinson's disease
- Parkinsonism
- ROI, Region/regions of interest
- SN, Substantia nigra
- SNc, Substantia nigra pars compacta
- Substantia nigra
- TCS, Transcranial sonography
- UPDRS, Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale
- VBA, Voxel based analysis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan T. Schwarz
- Radiological and Imaging Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. Tel.: + 44 115823 1177; fax: + 44 115 8231180.
| | - Maryam Abaei
- Radiological and Imaging Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Vamsi Gontu
- Department of Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul S. Morgan
- Medical Physics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Nin Bajaj
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothee P. Auer
- Radiological and Imaging Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Diffusion tensor imaging and correlations to Parkinson rating scales. J Neurol 2013; 260:2823-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-013-7080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Bade AN, Zhou B, Epstein AA, Gorantla S, Poluektova LY, Luo J, Gendelman HE, Boska MD, Liu Y. Improved visualization of neuronal injury following glial activation by manganese enhanced MRI. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013; 8:1027-36. [PMID: 23729245 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-013-9475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Research directed at anatomical, integrative and functional activities of the central nervous system (CNS) can be realized through bioimaging. A wealth of data now demonstrates the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) towards unraveling complex neural connectivity operative in health and disease. A means to improve MRI sensitivity is through contrast agents and notably manganese (Mn²⁺). The Mn²⁺ ions enter neurons through voltage-gated calcium channels and unlike other contrast agents such as gadolinium, iron oxide, iron platinum and imaging proteins, provide unique insights into brain physiology. Nonetheless, a critical question that remains is the brain target cells serving as sources for the signal of Mn²⁺ enhanced MRI (MEMRI). To this end, we investigated MEMRI's abilities to detect glial (astrocyte and microglia) and neuronal activation signals following treatment with known inflammatory inducing agents. The idea is to distinguish between gliosis (glial activation) and neuronal injury for the MEMRI signal and as such use the agent as a marker for neural activity in inflammatory and degenerative disease. We now demonstrate that glial inflammation facilitates Mn²⁺ neuronal ion uptake. Glial Mn²⁺ content was not linked to its activation. MEMRI performed on mice injected intracranially with lipopolysaccharide was associated with increased neuronal activity. These results support the notion that MEMRI reflects neuronal excitotoxicity and impairment that can occur through a range of insults including neuroinflammation. We conclude that the MEMRI signal enhancement is induced by inflammation stimulating neuronal Mn²⁺ uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ullmann JFP, Watson C, Janke AL, Kurniawan ND, Paxinos G, Reutens DC. An MRI atlas of the mouse basal ganglia. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 219:1343-53. [PMID: 23689500 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-013-0572-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The basal ganglia are a group of subpallial nuclei that play an important role in motor, emotional, and cognitive functions. Morphological changes and disrupted afferent/efferent connections in the basal ganglia have been associated with a variety of neurological disorders including psychiatric and movement disorders. While high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging has been used to characterize changes in brain structure in mouse models of these disorders, no systematic method for segmentation of the C57BL/6 J mouse basal ganglia exists. In this study we have used high-resolution MR images of ex vivo C57BL/6 J mouse brain to create a detailed protocol for segmenting the basal ganglia. We created a three-dimensional minimum deformation atlas, which includes the segmentation of 35 striatal, pallidal, and basal ganglia-related structures. In addition, we provide mean volumes, mean T2 contrast intensities and mean FA and ADC values for each structure. This MR atlas is available for download, and enables researchers to perform automated segmentation in genetic models of basal ganglia disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy F P Ullmann
- Center for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cochrane CJ, Ebmeier KP. Diffusion tensor imaging in parkinsonian syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology 2013; 80:857-64. [PMID: 23439701 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318284070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review to assess alterations in measures of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in parkinsonian syndromes, exploring the potential role of DTI in diagnosis and as a candidate biomarker. METHODS We searched EMBASE and Medline databases for DTI studies comparing parkinsonian syndromes or related dementias with controls or another defined parkinsonian syndrome. Key details for each study regarding participants, imaging methods, and results were extracted. Estimates were pooled, where appropriate, by random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 333 results, we identified 43 studies suitable for inclusion (958 patients, 764 controls). DTI measures detected alterations in all parkinsonian syndromes, with distribution varying differentially with disease type. Nine studies were included in a meta-analysis of the substantia nigra in Parkinson disease. A notable effect size was found for lowered fractional anisotropy in the substantia nigra for patients with Parkinson disease vs controls (-0.639, 95% confidence interval -0.860 to -0.417, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION DTI may be a promising biomarker in parkinsonian syndromes and have a future role in differential diagnosis. Larger cohort studies are required to investigate some encouraging preliminary findings. Given the complexity of the parkinsonian syndromes, it is likely that any potential DTI biomarker would be used in combination with other relevant biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire J Cochrane
- Division of Clinical Neurology and Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) show brain injury in areas that control chemosensory, autonomic, motor, cognitive, and emotion functions, which are deficient in the condition. Many of these abnormal characteristics are present from the neonatal period; however, it is unclear whether tissue injury underlying the characteristics progressively worsens with time. We hypothesized that several brain areas in subjects with CCHS would show increased gray matter volume loss over time. METHODS We collected high-resolution T1-weighted images twice (4 years apart) from seven subjects with CCHS (age at first study, 16.1 ± 2.7 years; four males) and three control subjects (15.9 ± 2.1 years; three males) using a 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, and evaluated regional gray matter volume changes with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) procedures. RESULTS Multiple brain sites in CCHS, including frontal, prefrontal, insular, and cingulate cortices; caudate nuclei and putamen; ventral temporal and parietal cortices; and cerebellar cortices showed significantly reduced gray matter volume over time. Only limited brain areas, including sensory, temporal, and medullary regions, emerged with increased gray matter at the later age. DISCUSSION Patients with CCHS show reduced gray matter volume with age progression in autonomic, respiratory, and cognitive regulatory areas, an outcome that may contribute to deterioration of functions found in the syndrome with increasing age.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chao OY, Pum ME, Li JS, Huston JP. The grid-walking test: assessment of sensorimotor deficits after moderate or severe dopamine depletion by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the dorsal striatum and medial forebrain bundle. Neuroscience 2011; 202:318-25. [PMID: 22142899 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the applicability of the grid-walking test in rats with moderate or severe dopamine-depletion incurred by unilateral nigro-striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions. Striatum samples were analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) after behavioral testing. In Experiment 1, 2 weeks after the injection of 6-OHDA into the medial forebrain bundle, adult Wistar rats were divided into an l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) and a vehicle treatment group and their behaviors on the grid were compared. The severely lesioned animals (mean dopamine depletion of 92%) did not exhibit behavioral asymmetry in the number of contralateral foot-slips. However, L-dopa administration selectively reduced the number of foot-slips of the contralateral forelimb when compared with the vehicle group. In Experiment 2, 6-OHDA was injected into the dorsal striatum and foot-slips on the grid were analyzed 4, 9 and 13 days following the lesion. The rats with moderate dopamine-depletion (mean depletion of 54%) exhibited more contralateral forelimb-slips on all testing days. Compared with naive rats, hemiparkinsonian rats also showed more forelimb-slips. These results suggest that the grid-walking test should be a powerful and sensitive behavioral assay for sensory-motor deficits in rat models of nigro-striatal dopamine lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Y Chao
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Duesseldorf, Universitaetstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhou IY, Cheung MM, Lau C, Chan KC, Wu EX. Balanced steady-state free precession fMRI with intravascular susceptibility contrast agent. Magn Reson Med 2011; 68:65-73. [PMID: 22127794 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One major challenge in echo planar imaging-based functional MRI (fMRI) is the susceptibility-induced image distortion. In this study, a new cerebral blood volume-weighted fMRI technique using distortion-free balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) sequence was proposed and its feasibility was investigated in rat brain at 7 Tesla. After administration of intravascular susceptibility contrast agent (monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle [MION] at 15 mg/kg), unilateral visual stimulation was presented using a block-design paradigm. With repetition time/echo time = 3.8/1.9 ms and α = 18°, bSSFP fMRI was performed and compared with the conventional cerebral blood volume-weighted fMRI using post-MION gradient echo and spin echo echo planar imaging. The results showed that post-MION bSSFP fMRI provides comparable sensitivity but with no severe image distortion and signal dropout. Robust negative responses were observed during stimulation and activation patterns were in excellent agreement with known neuroanatomy. Furthermore, the post-MION bSSFP signal was observed to decrease significantly during hypercapnia challenge, indicating its sensitivity to cerebral blood volume changes. These findings demonstrated that post-MION bSSFP fMRI is a promising alternative to conventional cerebral blood volume-weighted fMRI. This technique is particularly suited for fMRI investigation of animal models at high field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Y Zhou
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|