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Song NN, Zhao Y, Sun C, Zhang J, Lin GJ, Yin XW, Ma CY. DUSP10 alleviates ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage by restricting p38/JNK pathway. Behav Brain Res 2023; 450:114478. [PMID: 37164190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal apoptosis is considered one of the hallmarks of ischemic stroke. Dual specificity phosphatase 10 (DUSP10), a member of the dual-specificity phosphatase family, which is involved in the regulation of apoptosis process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of on apoptosis in primary cortical neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) and mice suffered from transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). The results showed that DUSP10 overexpression improved survival and reduced apoptosis in neurons subjected to OGD/R, which was manifested by decreased apoptotic proteins (cleaved caspase 3 and bax) and TUNEL+ cells, as well as increased the anti-apoptotic protein (bcl-2). DUSP10 overexpression inhibited the p38/JNK signaling pathway after OGD/R treatment, whilst DUSP10 knockdown had opposite effects. In addition, the p38 inhibitor SB203580 or JNK inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the increased apoptosis of OGD/R-stimulated neurons treated with DUSP10 silencing. Consistently, DUSP10 knockdown exacerbated infarct volume in MCAO/R injury. The data of Nissl staining and TUNEL-NeuN double staining revealed that DUSP10 interference aggravated neuronal damage in the ischemic penumbra of mice. Furthermore, DUSP10 inhibition activated the p38/JNK axis accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of p38 and JNK in vivo. In summary, DUSP10 is a neuroprotective agent against ischemic stroke-induced neuronal damage via suppressing the p38/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Na Song
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuang Sun
- Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guang-Jun Lin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chun-Ye Ma
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Szymański Ł, Lieto K, Zdanowski R, Lewicki S, Tassan JP, Kubiak JZ. Differential Effects of Overexpression of Wild Type and Kinase-Dead MELK in Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes, Potential Implications for Skin Wound Healing and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098089. [PMID: 37175795 PMCID: PMC10179274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal embryonic leucine-zipper kinase (MELK) plays a significant role in cell cycle progression, mitosis, cell migration, cell renewal, gene expression, embryogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and spliceosome assembly. In addition, MELK is known to be overexpressed in multiple types of cancer and is associated with cancer proliferation. Tumorigenesis shares many similarities with wound healing, in which the rate of cell proliferation is a critical factor. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the involvement of MELK in the regulation of cell division in two cell types involved in this process, namely fibroblasts and keratinocytes. We examined how temporal overexpression of wild-type and kinase-dead MELK kinase variants affect the rate of proliferation, viability, cell cycle, and phosphorylation state of other kinases involved in these processes, such as ERK1/2, AKT1, MAPK9, p38, and p53. We explored if MELK could be used as a therapeutic stimulator of accelerated wound healing via increased proliferation. We observed that aberrant expression of MELK results in abnormal proliferation, altered cell cycle distribution, and decreased viability of the cells, which challenge the utility of MELK in accelerated wound healing. Our results indicate that, at least in healthy cells, any deviation from precisely controlled MELK expression is harmful to fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Szymański
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Krystyna Lieto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Robert Zdanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Lewicki
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 03-411 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Jean-Pierre Tassan
- Dynamics and Mechanics of Epithelia Group, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes (IGDR), CNRS, University Rennes, UMR 6290, 35043 Rennes, France
| | - Jacek Z Kubiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
- Dynamics and Mechanics of Epithelia Group, Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes (IGDR), CNRS, University Rennes, UMR 6290, 35043 Rennes, France
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Yin H, Chen Z, Zhao H, Huang H, Liu W. Noble gas and neuroprotection: From bench to bedside. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1028688. [PMID: 36532733 PMCID: PMC9750501 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1028688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, inert gases such as helium, argon, and xenon have gained considerable attention for their medical value. Noble gases present an intriguing scientific paradox: although extremely chemically inert, they display a remarkable spectrum of clinically useful biological properties. Despite a relative paucity of knowledge about their mechanisms of action, some noble gases have been used successfully in clinical practice. The neuroprotection elicited by these noble gases has been investigated in experimental animal models of various types of brain injuries, such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. Collectively, these central nervous system injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality every year worldwide. Treatment options are presently limited to thrombolytic drugs and clot removal for ischemic stroke, or therapeutic cooling for other brain injuries before the application of noble gas. Currently, there is increasing interest in noble gases as novel treatments for various brain injuries. In recent years, neuroprotection elicited by particular noble gases, xenon, for example, has been reported under different conditions. In this article, we have reviewed the latest in vitro and in vivo experimental and clinical studies of the actions of xenon, argon, and helium, and discuss their potential use as neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailin Zhao
- Division of Anesthetics, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Han Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Anesthesia Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Chengdu, China
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Zhu T, Wang L, Wang LP, Wan Q. Therapeutic targets of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural compounds from medicinal herbs. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Understanding Abnormal c-JNK/p38MAPK Signaling Overactivation Involved in the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis: Possible Therapeutic Targets and Impact on Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1630-1650. [PMID: 34432262 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Demyelination, immune dysregulation, and neuroinflammation are the most common triggers of motor neuron disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic demyelinating neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system caused by abnormal immune activation, which causes myelin sheath damage. Cell signal transduction pathways are required for a variety of physiological and pathological processes in the brain. When these signaling systems become overactive, they can lead to disease progression. In various physiological conditions, abnormal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation is associated with several physiological dysfunctions that cause neurodegeneration. Previous research indicates that c-JNK and p38MAPK signaling play critical roles in neuronal growth and differentiation. c-JNK/p38MAPK is a member of the MAPK family, which regulates metabolic pathways, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis that control certain neurological activities. During brain injuries, c-JNK/p38MAPK also affects neuronal elastic properties, nerve growth, and cognitive processing. This review systematically linked abnormal c-JNK/p38MAPK signaling activation to multiple neuropathological pathways in MS and related neurological dysfunctions. MS progression is linked to genetic defects, oligodendrocyte destruction, glial overactivation, and immune dysregulation. We concluded that inhibiting both the c-JNK/p38MAPK signaling pathways can promote neuroprotection and neurotrophic effects against the clinical-pathological presentation of MS and influence other neurological disorders. As a result, the potential benefits of c-JNK/p38MAPK downregulation for the development of disease-modifying treatment interventions in the future could include MS prevention and related neurocomplications.
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Yi X, Fan D, Yi T, Chen H, Qing T, Han Z, Bao S. 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) Urea Exerts Neuro-Protective Effects Against Ischemic Injury via Suppressing JNK/p38 MAPK-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105957. [PMID: 34217066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1- propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea (TPPU) is a novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor which can protect against cerebral ischemic injury in middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of TPPU on mitochondrial dysfunction are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS In oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced cortical neurons, the effect of TPPU on cell viability was measured by MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL assay. Mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscopy and Mitotracker green staining assay, mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by JC-1 staining assay, activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (MRCC) I-IV and ATPase were measured by MRCC Activity Assay Kits and spectrophotometer. Western blot was used to investigate the effects of TPPU on apoptosis-related proteins. RESULTS TPPU treatment demonstrated significant protective effect on the OGD/R-induced cortical neurons by reducing cell death and number of apoptotic cells, stabilizing mitochondrial ultrastructure and morphology, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and activities of MRCC I-IV and ATPase. Furthermore, TPPU treatment might effectively reverse the upregulation of caspase-3, Bax, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK), alleviate the inhibition of Bcl-2 in OGD/R-induced cortical neurons. CONCLUSIONS TPPU exerts a marked neuroprotective effect against mitochondrial dysfunction after cerebral ischemia potentially via suppressing JNK/p38 MAPK-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis signal pathway, it may be a promising neuroprotective agent for cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyang Yi
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Daofeng Fan
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Longyan first Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Tong Yi
- Department of Neurology, the Second People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Ting Qing
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaozhi Bao
- Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
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Li YJ, Zhan Y, Li C, Sun J, Yang C. CPI-1189 protects neuronal cells from oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced oxidative injury and cell death. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6712-6723. [PMID: 33621193 PMCID: PMC7993696 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)/re-oxygenation (OGDR) induces profound oxidative injury and neuronal cell death. It mimics ischemia-reperfusion neuronal injury. CPI-1189 is a novel tumor necrosis factor alpha-inhibiting compound with potential neuroprotective function. Here in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary murine cortical neurons, CPI-1189 pretreatment potently inhibited OGDR-induced viability reduction and cell death. In OGDR-stimulated neuronal cells, p38 phosphorylation was blocked by CPI-1189. In addition, CPI-1189 alleviated OGDR-induced reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and glutathione consumption. OGDR-induced neuronal cell apoptosis was also inhibited by CPI-1189 pretreatment. Furthermore, in SH-SY5Y cells and cortical neurons, CPI-1189 alleviated OGDR-induced programmed necrosis by inhibiting mitochondrial p53-cyclophilin D-adenine nucleotide translocase 1 association, mitochondrial depolarization, and lactate dehydrogenase release to the medium. In summary, CPI-1189 potently inhibited OGDR-induced oxidative injury and neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Lianshui, China
| | - Yueli Zhan
- Anxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Anxi, China
| | - Chengrui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Lianshui, China
| | - Jianhong Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Asih PR, Prikas E, Stefanoska K, Tan ARP, Ahel HI, Ittner A. Functions of p38 MAP Kinases in the Central Nervous System. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:570586. [PMID: 33013322 PMCID: PMC7509416 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.570586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are a central component in signaling networks in a multitude of mammalian cell types. This review covers recent advances on specific functions of p38 MAP kinases in cells of the central nervous system. Unique and specific functions of the four mammalian p38 kinases are found in all major cell types in the brain. Mechanisms of p38 activation and downstream phosphorylation substrates in these different contexts are outlined and how they contribute to functions of p38 in physiological and under disease conditions. Results in different model organisms demonstrated that p38 kinases are involved in cognitive functions, including functions related to anxiety, addiction behavior, neurotoxicity, neurodegeneration, and decision making. Finally, the role of p38 kinases in psychiatric and neurological conditions and the current progress on therapeutic inhibitors targeting p38 kinases are covered and implicate p38 kinases in a multitude of CNS-related physiological and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prita R Asih
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Prikas
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristie Stefanoska
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amanda R P Tan
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly I Ahel
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arne Ittner
- Dementia Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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The neuroprotective action of 3,3'-diindolylmethane against ischemia involves an inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy that depends on HDAC and AhR/CYP1A1 but not ERα/CYP19A1 signaling. Apoptosis 2020; 24:435-452. [PMID: 30778709 PMCID: PMC6522467 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are no studies examining the effects of 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) in neuronal cells subjected to ischemia. Little is also known about the roles of apoptosis and autophagy as well as AhR and ERα signaling and HDACs in DIM action. We demonstrated for the first time the strong neuroprotective capacity of DIM in mouse primary hippocampal cell cultures exposed to ischemia at early and later stages of neuronal development. The protective effects of DIM were mediated via inhibition of ischemia-induced apoptosis and autophagy that was accompanied by a decrease in AhR/CYP1A1 signaling and an increase in HDAC activity. DIM decreased the levels of pro-apoptotic factors, i.e., Fas, Caspase-3, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). DIM also reduced the protein levels of autophagy-related Beclin-1 (BECN1) and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain (LC3), partially reversed the ischemia-induced decrease in Nucleoporin 62 (NUP62) and inhibited autophagosome formation. In addition, DIM completely reversed the ischemia-induced decrease in histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity in hippocampal neurons. Although DIM inhibited AhR/CYP1A1 signaling, it did not influence the protein expression levels of ERα and ERα-regulated CYP19A1 which are known to be controlled by AhR. This study demonstrated for the first time, that the neuroprotective action of 3,3′-diindolylmethane against ischemia involves an inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy and depends on AhR/CYP1A1 signaling and HDAC activity, thus creating the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies that target neuronal degeneration at specific molecular levels.
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Zhang M, Wang Z, Li B, Sun F, Chen A, Gong M. Identification of microRNA‑363‑3p as an essential regulator of chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis by targeting NRF1 through the p53‑signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1077-1088. [PMID: 32016449 PMCID: PMC7003040 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that affects the physical, and mental health of middle-aged and elderly people. The aims of the present study were to determine the biological function and molecular mechanisms of miR-363-3p in chondrocyte apoptosis. Exploration of the molecular mechanisms of OA may be helpful in the understand of the causes, and facilitating the prevention and treatment of OA. In the present study, the expression of nuclear respiratory factor1 (NRF1) was downregulated in the articular cartilage of OA rats in vivo and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated chondrocytes in vitro. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are regulators of gene expression in the progression of OA. TargetScan software was used to predict that NRF1 was a potential target for miRNA (miR)-363, and this was confirmed in subsequent experiments. The expression of miR-363-3p was negatively correlated with the expression of NRF1, and its expression was significantly upregulated in OA model rats and in LPS-induced chondrocytes compared with the expression in the respective controls. In addition, the overexpression of miR-363-3p increased the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in vivo, and was demonstrated to promote chondrocyte injury and apoptosis by Safranin O staining and TUNEL. Moreover, the inhibition of miR-363-3p expression increased the expression of NRF1 and protected chondrocytes from apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, whereas the overexpression of miR-363-3p downregulated NRF1 expression and promoted LPS-induced chondrocyte apoptosis through the p53 pathway in vitro. The results of this study suggested that miR-363-3p-mediated inhibition of NRF1may be associated with chondrocyte apoptosis in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Baojie Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Fengyi Sun
- Department of Gynaecology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Anzhong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong 252600, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhi Gong
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Proteomic Assessment of iTRAQ-Based NaoMaiTong in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5107198. [PMID: 31223330 PMCID: PMC6541990 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5107198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background NaoMaiTong (NMT) is widely used in the treatment of cerebral ischemia but the molecular details of its beneficial effects remain poorly characterized. Materials and Methods In this study, we used iTRAQ using 2D LC-MS/MS technology to investigate the cellular mechanisms governing the protective effects of NMT. The transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established and evaluated. The degree of cerebral ischemia was assessed through scoring for nerve injury symptoms and through the assessment of the areas of cerebral infarction. Brain tissues were subjected to analysis by iTRAQ. High-pH HPLC and RSLC-MS/MS analysis were performed to detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the treatment groups (Sham, MCAO, and NMT). Bioinformatics were employed for data analysis and DEPs were validated by western blot. Results The results showed that NMT offers protection to the neurological damage caused by MCAO and was found to reduce the areas of cerebral infarction. We detected 3216 DEPs via mass spectrometry. Of these proteins, 21 displayed altered expression following NMT intervention. These included DEPs involved in translation, cell cycle regulation, cellular nitrogen metabolism, and stress responses. Pathway analysis revealed seven key DEPs that were enriched in ribosomal synthesis pathways, tight junction formation, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. According to protein-protein interaction analysis, RPL17, Tuba, and Rac1 were affected by NMT treatment, which was validated by western blot analysis. Discussion We therefore identify new pharmacodynamic mechanisms of NMT for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. These DEPs reveal new targets to prevent ischemic stroke induced neuronal damage.
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Zhou H, Wang X, Cheng R, Hou X, Chen Y, Feng Y, Qiu J. Analysis of long non-coding RNA expression profiles in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. J Neurochem 2019; 149:346-361. [PMID: 30802942 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) which is a common cause of acute mortality and neurological dysfunction in neonates still lacks effective therapeutic methods. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were demonstrated to play a crucial role in many diseases. To give a foundation for subsequent functional studies of lncRNAs in HIBD, we investigated the profiling of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) using neonatal HIBD rat model. Six neonatal rats were divided into sham-operated group (n = 3) and HIBD group (n = 3) randomly. Deep RNA sequencing was implemented to find out the meaningful lncRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs. The Gene Ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes a genomes (KEGG) database were used to predict functions of lncRNAs. A total of 328 differentially expressed lncRNAs (177 down-regulated vs 151 up-regulated) and 7157 differentially expressed mRNAs (2552 down-regulated vs 4605 up-regulated) were identified. The Quantitative real-time PCR results showed significant differential expressions of five lncRNAs and five mRNAs which were consistent with the RNA-Seq data. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis showed these lncRNAs and their expression-correlated mRNAs were closely related to the Janus tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and more. The results of our study identified the characterization and expression profiles of lncRNAs in neonatal HIBD and may be a basis for further therapeutic research. OPEN SCIENCE BADGES: This article has received a badge for *Open Materials* and *Open Data* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript and because it made the data publicly available. The data can be accessed at https://osf.io/yf3da/. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- Department of Newborn Infants, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Shigiyama F, Hamanoue M, Kobayashi M, Takamatsu K. Cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase protects adult hippocampal neurons from cell death. Neurosci Lett 2019; 699:115-121. [PMID: 30735722 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (p38) is a member of the MAP kinase family. Previous reports using p38 chemical inhibitors have suggested that its activation contributes to hippocampal neuronal cell death rather than cell survival. In this study, we used both a cell-permeable p38 protein containing the HIV protein transduction domain (PTD) and cultured adult hippocampal neurons, which were differentiated from cultured adult hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs), to evaluate the direct function of p38 on adult hippocampal neurons. Our immunocytochemical experiments demonstrated that wild-type cell-permeable p38 protein prevents cell death of adult hippocampal neurons induced by a low glucose condition. Our findings indicate that cell-permeable p38 protein may be useful in preventing the degeneration of higher brain function occurring through hippocampal neuronal cell death, and furthermore, that the maintenance of intracellular p38 levels could be another therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Shigiyama
- Department of Physiology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Hamanoue
- Department of Physiology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physiology, Toho University School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physiology, Toho University School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Takamatsu
- Department of Physiology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physiology, Toho University School of Medicine, 143-8540, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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The mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK. Brain Res Bull 2019; 147:1-13. [PMID: 30731111 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The previous studies have shown that glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) participates in cerebral ischemic injury in rats. However, the mechanism involved remains to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to investigate whether p38 MAPK was involved in regulating GLT-1 in the process. At first, it was observed that global brain ischemia for 8 min led to obvious delayed neuronal death, GLT-1 down-regulation and p-p38 MAPK up-regulation in CA1 hippocampus in rats. Then, whether p-p38 MAPK was involved in regulating GLT-1 during cerebral ischemic injury was studied in vitro. Astrocyte-neuron co-cultures exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were used to mimic brain ischemia. It was observed that lethal OGD (4-h OGD) decreased GLT-1 expression and increased p-p38 MAPK expression in astrocytes. The p-p38 MAPK protein rised from 0 min to 48 h that is the end time of the observation, and the peak value was at 12 h, which was 12.45 times of the control group. Moreover, pre-administration of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 or its siRNA dose-dependently increased GLT-1 expression, and meanwhile alleviated the neuronal death induced by lethal OGD. The above results indicated that p38 MAPK signaling pathway participated in regulating GLT-1 during OGD injury in vitro. Finally, back to in vivo experiment, it was found that pre-administration of SB203580 by intracerebroventricular injection dose-dependently reversed the down-regulation of GLT-1 expression and attenuated the delayed neuronal death normally induced by global brain ischemia in CA1 hippocampus in rats. Taken together, it can be concluded that the mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK.
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15
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Xu B, Lian S, Guo JR, Wang JF, Zhang LP, Li SZ, Yang HM. Activation of the MAPK signaling pathway induces upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampi of cold stressed adolescent mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 699:97-102. [PMID: 30711527 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stress induces many non-specific responses in the hippocampus, especially during adolescence. Low environmental temperature is known to induce stress, but its influence on the hippocampus, especially in adolescent mice is not clear. We compared apoptotic-related protein levels and MAPK signaling pathway activation in hippocampal neurons of adolescent mice under low temperature conditions (4 °C for 12 h) with western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Western bolt results demonstrated that the levels of phospho-JNK, phospho-p38, and cleaved-caspase 3 significantly increased, while the ratio of Bcl-XL/Bax decreased, in the cold stress group. The results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Nissl staining demonstrated that the protein optical density of caspase 3 increased and Nissl bodies decreased in the cold stress group compared with controls. Thus, we conclude that cold exposure initiates activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and subsequently induces the upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampi of adolescent mice. Overall our study reveals the relationship between cold stress and apoptosis in adolescent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Shuai Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Jing-Ru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Jian-Fa Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
| | - Huan-Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China.
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16
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Qi J, Xian XH, Li L, Zhang M, Hu YY, Zhang JG, Li WB. Sulbactam Protects Hippocampal Neurons Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation by Up-Regulating Astrocytic GLT-1 via p38 MAPK Signal Pathway. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:281. [PMID: 30158854 PMCID: PMC6104165 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulbactam is an atypical β-lactam medication and reported to be neuroprotective by up-regulating glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) in rats. The present study was undertaken to study the role of p38 MAPK signal pathway in sulbactam induced up-regulation of GLT-1 expression in astrocytes and anti-ischemic effect. Neuron-astrocyte co-cultures and astrocyte cultures from neonatal Wistar rats were used. Cerebral ischemia was mimicked by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Hoechst (HO)/propidium iodide (PI) double fluorescence staining and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay were used to evaluate neuronal death and cell viability, respectively. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot were used to detect protein expressions. Sulbactam pre-incubation significantly and dose-dependently prevented neuronal death and decline in cell viability induced by OGD in neuron-astrocyte co-cultures, and upregulated GLT-1 expression in astrocyte cultures endured OGD, which suggested that sulbactam might protect neurons against OGD by up-regulating astrocytic GLT-1 expression. It was further shown that the phosphorylated-p38 MAPK expression in astrocytes was up-regulated after the sulbactam pre-incubation and this up-regulation was moderate in amplitude. Especially, the time course of the up-regulation of phosphorylated-p38 MAPK was obviously earlier than that of GLT-1, which suggested possibility that p38 MAPK might be an upstream signal for GLT-1 up-regulation induced by sulbactam. We further found that SB203580, the specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK, dose-dependently inhibited the GLT-1 up-regulation induced by sulbactam either in non- or OGD-treated astrocytes and the protective effect of sulbactam on co-cultured neurons against OGD. Taken together, it might be concluded that sulbactam protects cerebral neurons against OGD by up-regulating astrocytic GLT-1 expression via p38 MAPK signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Xian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Science and Technology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neuroscience Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Yan Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neuroscience Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Aging and Cognition Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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17
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Zhao N, Liang P, Zhuo X, Su C, Zong X, Guo B, Han D, Yan X, Hu S, Zhang Q, Tie X. After Treatment with Methylene Blue is Effective against Delayed Encephalopathy after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 122:470-480. [PMID: 29151273 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning (DEACMP) is the most severe and clinically intractable complication that occurs following acute CO poisoning. Unfortunately, the mechanism of DEACMP is still vague. Growing evidence indicates that delayed cerebral damage after CO poisoning is related to oxidative stress, abnormal neuro-inflammation, apoptosis and immune-mediated injury. Our recent report indicated that methylene blue (MB) may be a promising therapeutic agent in the prevention of neuronal cell death and cognitive deficits after transient global cerebral ischaemia (GCI). In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of MB therapy to ameliorate the signs and symptoms of DEACMP. Rats were exposed to 1000 ppm CO for 40 min. in the first step; CO was then increased to 3000 ppm, which was maintained for another 20 min. The rats were implanted with 7-day release Alzet osmotic mini-pumps subcutaneously under the back skin, which provided MB at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day 1 hr after CO exposure. The results showed that MB significantly suppressed oxidative damage and expression of pro-inflammatory factors, including tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. MB treatment also suitably modulated mitochondrial fission and fusion, which is helpful in the preservation of mitochondrial function. Furthermore, MB dramatically attenuated apoptosis and neuronal death. Lastly, behavioural studies revealed that MB treatment preserved spatial learning and memory in the Barnes maze test. Our findings indicated that MB may have protective effects against DEACMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjun Zhao
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Pengchong Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Central Hospital of Baoji City, Baoji, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhuo
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Chenglei Su
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Bingnan Guo
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Dong Han
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Xianliang Yan
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Shuqun Hu
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xu Tie
- Institute of Emergency and Rescue medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China.,The Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China
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18
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Cheng G, Shan XF, Wang XL, Dong WW, Li Z, Liu XH, Zhang W, Xing K, Chang FJ. Endothelial damage effects of circulating microparticles from patients with stable angina are reduced by aspirin through ERK/p38 MAPKs pathways. Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 35. [PMID: 28520220 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Xue-Feng Shan
- Department of Children's Cardiac surgery; First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University; Urumuqi Xinjiang China
| | - Xu-Lang Wang
- Department of Nursing; Xian'yang Vocational and Technical College; Xian'yang Shaanxi China
| | - Wei-Wei Dong
- Xinjiang Petroleum Institute; Urumuqi Xinjiang China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Xin-Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Kun Xing
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Feng-Jun Chang
- Department of Cardiology; Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital; Xi'an Shaanxi China
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19
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Zhao P, Chang RY, Liu N, Wang J, Zhou R, Qi X, Liu Y, Ma L, Niu Y, Sun T, Li YX, He YP, Yu JQ. Neuroprotective Effect of Oxysophocarpine by Modulation of MAPK Pathway in Rat Hippocampal Neurons Subject to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:529-540. [PMID: 28488010 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxysophocarpine (OSC), an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens Ait, has been traditionally used as a medicinal agent based on the observed pharmacological effects. In this study, the direct effect of OSC against neuronal injuries induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) in neonatal rat primary-cultured hippocampal neurons and its mechanisms were investigated. Cultured hippocampal neurons, which were exposed to OGD for 2 h followed by a 24 h reoxygenation, were used as an in vitro model of ischemia and reperfusion. 2-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay were used to confirm neural damage and to further evaluate the protective effects of OSC. The concentration of intracellular-free calcium [Ca2+]i and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured to determine the intracellular mechanisms and to further estimate the degree of neuronal damage. Changes in expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2, and p-p38 MAPK were also observed in the in vitro model. It was shown that OSC (0.8, 2, or 5 µmol/L) significantly attenuated the increased absorbance of MTT, and the release of LDH manifests the neuronal damage by the OGD/R. Meanwhile, the pretreatment of the neurons during the reoxygenation period with OSC significantly increased MMP; it also inhibited [Ca2+]i the elevation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the pretreatment with OSC (0.8, 2, or 5 µmol/L) significantly down-regulated expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2, and p-p38 MAPK in neonatal rat primary-cultured hippocampal neurons induced by OGD/R injury. In conclusion, OSC displays a protective effect on OGD-injured hippocampal neurons by attenuating expression of inflammatory factors via down-regulated the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ren-Yuan Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
- Pharmacy Department of Yulin First Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ru Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xue Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Li
- College of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yan-Ping He
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
- Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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20
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Guardia Clausi M, Levison SW. Delayed ALK5 inhibition improves functional recovery in neonatal brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:787-800. [PMID: 26984936 PMCID: PMC5363459 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16638669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation subsequent to developmental brain injury contributes to a wave of secondary neurodegeneration and to reactive astrogliosis that can inhibit oligodendrocyte progenitor differentiation and subsequent myelination. Here we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of a small molecule antagonist for a TGFß receptor in a model of moderate perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (H-I). Osmotic pumps containing SB505124, an antagonist of the type 1 TGFß1 receptor ALK5, or vehicle, were implanted three days after H-I induced at postnatal day 6. Perinatal H-I induced selective neuronal death, ventriculomegaly, elevated CNS levels of IL-6 and IL-1α, astrogliosis, and fewer proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors. Myelination was reduced by ∼50%. Anterograde tracing revealed extensive axonal loss in the corticospinal tract. These alterations correlated with functional impairments across a battery of behavioral tests. All of these parameters were brought back towards normal levels with SB505124 treatment. Notably, SB505124 preserved neurons in the hippocampus and thalamus. Our results indicate that inhibiting ALK5 signaling, even as late as three days after injury, creates an environment that is more permissive for oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination producing significant improvements in neurological outcome. This new therapeutic would be especially appropriate for moderately preterm asphyxiated infants, for whom there is presently no FDA approved neuroprotective therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Guardia Clausi
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Steven W Levison
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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21
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Zhao H, Mitchell S, Ciechanowicz S, Savage S, Wang T, Ji X, Ma D. Argon protects against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats through activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. Oncotarget 2016; 7:25640-51. [PMID: 27016422 PMCID: PMC5041933 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) has a high mortality rate with neuropsychological impairment. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of argon against neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury.In vitro cortical neuronal cell cultures derived from rat foetuses were subjected to an oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) challenge for 90 minutes and then exposed to 70% argon or nitrogen with 5% carbon dioxide and balanced with oxygen for 2 hours.In vivo, seven-day-old rats were subjected to unilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxic (8% oxygen balanced with nitrogen) insult for 90 minutes. They were exposed to 70% argon or nitrogen balanced with oxygen for 2 hours. In vitro, argon treatment of cortical neuronal cultures resulted in a significant increase of p-mTOR and Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2(Nrf2) and protection against OGD challenge. Inhibition of m-TOR through Rapamycin or Nrf2 through siRNA abolished argon-mediated cyto-protection. In vivo, argon exposure significantly enhanced Nrf2 and its down-stream effector NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase, Quinone 1(NQO1) and superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1). Oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death were significantly decreased and brain infarction was markedly reduced. Blocking PI-3K through wortmannin or ERK1/2 through U0126 attenuated argon-mediated neuroprotection.These data provide a new molecular mechanism for the potential application of Argon as a neuroprotectant in HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhao
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sian Mitchell
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sarah Ciechanowicz
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sinead Savage
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tianlong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurosugery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Daqing Ma
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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22
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Zhen Y, Ding C, Sun J, Wang Y, Li S, Dong L. Activation of the calcium-sensing receptor promotes apoptosis by modulating the JNK/p38 MAPK pathway in focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:911-921. [PMID: 27158378 PMCID: PMC4846935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Exact mechanism of cerebral ischemic stroke remains unclear. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a G-protein coupled receptor, has been reported to participate in the pathology of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and myocardial hypertrophy. Nevertheless, only a limited number of studies have been conducted to investigate the role of CaSR in cerebral ischemic stroke. This study was to investigate the effect of CaSR activation on cerebral ischemic stroke. Male adult Kunming mice were subjected to 2-h focal cerebral ischemia followed by 22-h reperfusion. Then, the brain was collected, and the expression of CaSR, JNK, p38, Bcl-2, and Bax was detected by Western blot assay. The morphology of neurons in the brain was evaluated by HE staining. Neurological function was scored, and the infarct volume was determined by TTC (triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining. Results showed that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) increased CaSR expression and induced neuronal apoptosis in the brain. Gadolinium trichloride (GdCl3), an agonist of CaSR, further deteriorated neurological dysfunction, increased infarct volume, enhanced CaSR expression, and promoted neuronal apoptosis. In addition, GdCl3 unregulated expression of Bax, p-JNK, and p-p38, and down-regulated Bcl-2 expression during I/R, which were attenuated by NPS2390, an inhibitor of CaSR. In conclusion, the CaSR activation promotes apoptosis in focal cerebral I/R in mice, which may be related to the activation of JNK/p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Targeting CaSR may be a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Zhen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, China
| | - Caijuan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, China
- Department of Medical, Tongling PolytechnicTongling 244000, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Anhui Provincial HospitalHefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, China
| | - Liuyi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032, China
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23
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Lee EJ, Kim BJ, Jeong JE, Chung HL, Yang EK, Kim WT. Bee Venom Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Neuronal Cells and Astrocytes under Hypoxic Conditions Through MAPK Signaling Pathways. NEONATAL MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.5385/nm.2016.23.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Joo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bong Jae Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hai Lee Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Yang
- Department of Physiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Woo Taek Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Lu Q, Tucker D, Dong Y, Zhao N, Zhang Q. Neuroprotective and Functional Improvement Effects of Methylene Blue in Global Cerebral Ischemia. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5344-55. [PMID: 26433378 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transient global cerebral ischemia (GCI) causes delayed neuronal cell death in the vulnerable hippocampus CA1 subfield, as well as behavioral deficits. Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) produces excessive reactive oxygen species and plays a key role in brain injury. The mitochondrial electron respiratory chain is the main cellular source of free radical generation, and dysfunction of mitochondria has a significant impact on the neuronal cell death in ischemic brain. The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential beneficial effects of methylene blue (MB) in a four-vessel occlusion (4VO) GCI model on adult male rats. MB was delivered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day for 7 days, through a mini-pump implanted subcutaneously after GCI. We first found that MB significantly improved ischemic neuronal survival in the hippocampal CA1 region as measured by cresyl violet staining as well as NeuN staining. We also found that MB has the ability to rescue ischemia-induced decreases of cytochrome c oxidase activity and ATP generation in the CA1 region following I/R. Further analysis with labeling of MitoTracker® Red revealed that the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was markedly attenuated following MB treatment. In addition, the induction of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activities and the increased numbers of TUNEL-positive cells of the CA1 region were significantly reduced by MB application. Correspondingly, Barnes maze tests showed that the deterioration of spatial learning and memory performance following GCI was significantly improved in the MB-treatment group compared to the ischemic control group. In summary, our study suggests that MB may be a promising therapeutic agent targeting neuronal cell death and cognitive deficits following transient global cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent University, 1120 15th Street, CA3050, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Donovan Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent University, 1120 15th Street, CA3050, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent University, 1120 15th Street, CA3050, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ningjun Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent University, 1120 15th Street, CA3050, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regent University, 1120 15th Street, CA3050, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Protective Effects of UCF-101 on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion (CIR) is Depended on the MAPK/p38/ERK Signaling Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:907-914. [PMID: 26429193 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the treatment mechanisms of 5-[5-(2-nitrophenyl) furfuryliodine]-1,3-diphenyl-2-thiobarbituric acid (UCF-101) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) model rats. Total of 54 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups, namely sham group, vehicle group, and UCF-101 group. The CIR-injured model was established by right middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. Neurological function was assessed by an investigator according to the Longa neurologic deficit scores. Meanwhile, the cerebral tissue morphology and apoptotic neurons were evaluated by H&E and TUNEL staining, respectively. Additionally, the expressions of caspase 3, p-p38, and p-ERK were detected by immunohistochemistry or/and Western blotting assays. As results, neurologic deficit and pathological damage were obviously enhanced and TUNEL positive neurons were significantly increased in CIR-injured rats, as compared with those in sham group. Furthermore, the expressions of caspase 3, p-p38, and p-ERK were also significantly increased in vehicle group than those in sham group (P < 0.05). However, UCF-101 treatment could markedly weaken the neurologic deficit with lower scores and improve pathological condition. After UCF-101 treatment, TUNEL positive neurons as well as the expression of caspase 3 were significantly decreased than those in vehicle group (P < 0.05). Besides, p-p38 was decreased while p-ERK was increased in UCF-101 group than those in vehicle group (P < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that the protective effects of UCF-101 might be associated with apoptosis process and MAPK signaling pathway in the CIR-injured model.
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Lu Q, Harris VA, Kumar S, Mansour HM, Black SM. Autophagy in neonatal hypoxia ischemic brain is associated with oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2015; 6:516-523. [PMID: 26454246 PMCID: PMC4602363 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is activated when the neonatal brain exposed to hypoxia ischemia (HI), but the mechanisms underlying its activation and its role in the neuronal cell death associated with HI is unclear. We have previously shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase play an important role in HI-mediated neuronal cell death. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if ROS is involved in the activation of autophagy in HI-mediated neonatal brain injury and to determine if this is a protective or deleterious pathway. Initial electron microscopy data demonstrated that autophagosome formation is elevated in P7 hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). This corresponded with increased levels of LC3II mRNA and protein. The autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) effectively reduced LC3II levels and autophagosome formation in hippocampal slice cultures exposed to OGD. Neuronal cell death was significantly attenuated. Finally, we found that the pharmacologic inhibition of NADPH oxidase using apocynin or gp91ds-tat decreased autophagy in hippocampal slice cultures and the rat brain respectively. Thus, our results suggest that an activation of autophagy contributes to neonatal HI brain injury this is oxidative stress dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Valerie A Harris
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sanjv Kumar
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Heidi M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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27
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Lu Q, Harris VA, Rafikov R, Sun X, Kumar S, Black SM. Nitric oxide induces hypoxia ischemic injury in the neonatal brain via the disruption of neuronal iron metabolism. Redox Biol 2015. [PMID: 26209813 PMCID: PMC4804102 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation is involved in hypoxia–ischemia (HI)-mediated neonatal brain injury. H2O2 can react with free iron to form the hydroxyl radical, through Fenton Chemistry. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine if there was a role for the hydroxyl radical in neonatal HI brain injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our data demonstrate that HI increases the deposition of free iron and hydroxyl radical formation, in both P7 hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD), and the neonatal rat exposed to HI. Both these processes were found to be nitric oxide (NO) dependent. Further analysis demonstrated that the NO-dependent increase in iron deposition was mediated through increased transferrin receptor expression and a decrease in ferritin expression. This was correlated with a reduction in aconitase activity. Both NO inhibition and iron scavenging, using deferoxamine administration, reduced hydroxyl radical levels and neuronal cell death. In conclusion, our results suggest that increased NO generation leads to neuronal cell death during neonatal HI, at least in part, by altering iron homeostasis and hydroxyl radical generation. HI increases the deposition of free iron and hydroxyl radical formation in the neonatal brain. Both these processes are NO dependent. Increased iron deposition is mediated via increased TfR and decreased ferritin expression. These processes are involved in the neuronal cell death associated with neonatal HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Valerie A Harris
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Xutong Sun
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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Sulfated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Sea Cucumber Stichopus japonicus Against PC12 Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Inhibition of the MAPK Signaling Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 35:1081-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0202-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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29
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Zou L, Qin H, He Y, Huang H, Lu Y, Chu X. Inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates cerebral ischemic injury in Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1088-94. [PMID: 25722699 PMCID: PMC4340022 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.14.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia was induced using photothrombosis 1 hour after intraperitoneal injection of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB239063 into Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP/SWE) transgenic and non-transgenic mice. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was quantified using Nissl staining, and the activity of p38 MAPKs was measured by western blotting. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was significantly reduced in APP/SWE transgenic mice compared with non-transgenic controls 7 days after cerebral ischemia, but the activity of p38 MAPKs was significantly elevated compared with the non-ischemic hemisphere in the APP/SWE transgenic mice. SB239063 prevented these changes. The APP/SWE mutation exacerbated ischemic brain injury, and this could be alleviated by inhibiting p38 MAPK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yitao He
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Heming Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Chu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong Province, China
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Xing B, Bachstetter AD, Van Eldik LJ. Inhibition of neuronal p38α, but not p38β MAPK, provides neuroprotection against three different neurotoxic insults. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 55:509-18. [PMID: 25012593 PMCID: PMC4303701 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays a key role in pathological glial activation and neuroinflammatory responses. Our previous studies demonstrated that microglial p38α and not the p38β isoform is an important contributor to stressor-induced proinflammatory cytokine upregulation and glia-dependent neurotoxicity. However, the contribution of neuronal p38α and p38β isoforms in responses to neurotoxic agents is less well understood. In the current study, we used cortical neurons from wild-type or p38β knockout mice, and wild-type neurons treated with two highly selective inhibitors of p38α MAPK. Neurons were treated with one of three neurotoxic insults (L-glutamate, sodium nitroprusside, and oxygen-glucose deprivation), and neurotoxicity was assessed. All three stimuli led to neuronal death and neurite degeneration, and the degree of neurotoxicity induced in wild-type and p38β knockout neurons was not significantly different. In contrast, selective inhibition of neuronal p38α was neuroprotective. Our results show that neuronal p38β is not required for neurotoxicity induced by multiple toxic insults, but that p38α in the neuron contributes quantitatively to the neuronal dysfunction responses. These data are consistent with our previous findings of the critical importance of microglia p38α compared to p38β, and continue to support selective targeting of the p38α isoform as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xing
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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31
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Liu CL, Hsia TC, Yin MC. s-Methyl cysteine enhanced survival of nerve growth factor differentiated PC12 cells under hypoxic conditions. Food Funct 2014; 5:1125-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cell line was used to investigate the protective effects ofs-methyl cysteine (SMC) at 1, 2, 4, and 8 μM under oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-lin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery
- China Medical University Hospital
- Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Te-chun Hsia
- Department of Respiratory Therapy
- China Medical University
- Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-chin Yin
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
- Asia University
- Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition
- China Medical University
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32
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Lu Q, Harris VA, Sun X, Hou Y, Black SM. Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II contributes to hypoxic ischemic cell death in neonatal hippocampal slice cultures. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70750. [PMID: 23976956 PMCID: PMC3747161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that p38MAP kinase (p38MAPK) stimulates ROS generation via the activation of NADPH oxidase during neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain injury. However, how p38MAPK is activated during HI remains unresolved and was the focus of this study. Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) plays a key role in brain synapse development, neural transduction and synaptic plasticity. Here we show that CaMKII activity is stimulated in rat hippocampal slice culture exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic the condition of HI. Further, the elevation of CaMKII activity, correlated with enhanced p38MAPK activity, increased superoxide generation from NADPH oxidase as well as necrotic and apoptotic cell death. All of these events were prevented when CaMKII activity was inhibited with KN93. In a neonatal rat model of HI, KN93 also reduced brain injury. Our results suggest that CaMKII activation contributes to the oxidative stress associated with neural cell death after HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Valerie A. Harris
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xutong Sun
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yali Hou
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Stephen M. Black
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
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33
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Dey H, Liu ZR. Phosphorylation of p68 RNA helicase by p38 MAP kinase contributes to colon cancer cells apoptosis induced by oxaliplatin. BMC Cell Biol 2012; 13:27. [PMID: 23110695 PMCID: PMC3519718 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-13-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that p68 phosphorylation at threonine residues correlates with cancer cell apoptosis under the treatments of TNF-α and TRAIL (Yang, L. Mol Cancer Res Vol 3, pp 355–63 2005). Results In this report, we characterized the role of p68 phosphorylation in apoptosis induction under the treatment of oxaliplatin in the colon cancer cells. Our data suggest that oxaliplatin treatment activates p38 MAP kinase, which subsequently phosphorylates p68 at T564 and/or T446. The phosphorylation of p68, at least partially, mediates the effects of the drug on apoptosis induction, as mutations at these two sites greatly reduce the cancer cell death. Conclusion Our studies reveal an important molecular mechanism that mediates the effects of anti-cancer drug, providing a potential strategy for improving cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Dey
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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34
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Hu HH, Li SJ, Wang P, Yan HC, Cao X, Hou FQ, Fang YY, Zhu XH, Gao TM. An L-Type Calcium Channel Agonist, Bay K8644, Extends the Window of Intervention Against Ischemic Neuronal Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:280-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8362-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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35
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Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates tau phosphorylation in SK-N-SH induced by Aβ‐stimulated THP-1 supernatant and the involvement of p38 pathway activation. Life Sci 2012; 91:809-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Ridder DA, Schwaninger M. TAK1 inhibition for treatment of cerebral ischemia. Exp Neurol 2012; 239:68-72. [PMID: 23022457 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a MAP3 kinase, is involved in at least five signaling cascades that modulate ischemic brain damage. Inhibition of TAK1 may therefore be an efficient way to interfere with multiple mechanisms in ischemic stroke. Indeed, a recent publication in Experimental Neurology confirmed that TAK1 inhibition by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol is neuroprotective. The beneficial effect of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol was associated with a reduced activation of Jun kinase that leads to inflammation and apoptosis. Recently, other TAK1 inhibitors were developed suggesting that TAK1 may prove as an efficient therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases if safety issues are not limiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk A Ridder
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Germany
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37
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Lu Q, Wainwright MS, Harris VA, Aggarwal S, Hou Y, Rau T, Poulsen DJ, Black SM. Increased NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide is involved in the neuronal cell death induced by hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal hippocampal slice cultures. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:1139-51. [PMID: 22728269 PMCID: PMC3527086 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia (HI) results in neuronal cell death. Previous studies indicate that reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, play a key role in this process. However, the cellular sources have not been established. In this study we examine the role of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex in neonatal HI brain injury and elucidate its mechanism of activation. Rat hippocampal slices were exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic the conditions seen in HI. Initial studies confirmed an important role for NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide in the oxidative stress associated with OGD. Further, the OGD-mediated increase in apoptotic cell death was inhibited by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. The activation of NADPH oxidase was found to be dependent on the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated phosphorylation and activation of the p47(phox) subunit. Using an adeno-associated virus antisense construct to selectively decrease p47(phox) expression in neurons showed that this led to inhibition of both the increase in superoxide and the neuronal cell death associated with OGD. We also found that NADPH oxidase inhibition in a neonatal rat model of HI or scavenging hydrogen peroxide reduced brain injury. Thus, we conclude that activation of the NADPH oxidase complex contributes to the oxidative stress during HI and that therapies targeted against this complex could provide neuroprotection against the brain injury associated with neonatal HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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38
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Intracellular Signaling MAPK Pathway After Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1568-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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