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Galliker S, Schmid T, Holtforth MG, Elfering A. Reducing work interruptions and work-related interruptions of employees' leisure time through job analysis and leadership coaching. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2024; 62:338-349. [PMID: 38556261 PMCID: PMC11462408 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2023-0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The study tested a brief intervention to stimulate and help supervisors reduce work-related interruptions among their employees, both at work and during leisure time. The core of the short-term intervention was a workplace analysis of work-related interruptions, which was fed back to supervisors in combination with a work redesign stimulation explaining why and how to reduce interruptions. Two intervention sessions, as one-on-one physical meetings, that lasted 1.5 h each and were 2 wk apart. The sample consisted of 20 managers and 89 employees. The non-experimental repeated measurement design comprised three questionnaire measurements of the 89 employees (two pre-measurements and one post-measurement). Repeated measure hierarchical linear models showed that the intervention significantly predicted reduced interruptions during work and work-related interruptions of leisure time. Although the intervention effect sizes were small, the current work design intervention with supervisors as mediating actors can reasonably contribute to occupational health prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Grosse Holtforth
- Institut für Psychologie, Universität Bern, Switzerland
- Psychosomatische Medizin, Neurologie, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Switzerland
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Shin J, Shin H. Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:768. [PMID: 39335983 PMCID: PMC11429331 DOI: 10.3390/bs14090768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of technostress perceived by employees on psychological contract violations and resistance to organizational change, as information and communication technology is applied to various tourism industry work sites. This study's sample consisted of employees working in the Korean tourism industry in June 2023, who were surveyed using snowball sampling. Four hypotheses were proposed. First, technostress is associated with psychological contract violations. Second, psychological contract violations are associated with organizational change resistance. Third, technostress is associated with organizational change resistance. Fourth, psychological contract violations may play a mediating role in the relationship between technostress and organizational change resistance. All hypotheses in this study were adopted. Therefore, organizations and management in the tourism industry should identify and improve the factors that cause employee technostress arising from expanding information and communication technology to provide psychological stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaeWon Shin
- Divison of Business Administration, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea
| | - HyoungChul Shin
- Department of Foodservice and Culinary Management, Kyonggi University, Seoul 03746, Republic of Korea
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Leyk D, Hartmann N, Vits E, Rüther T, Klatt S, Lämmel R, Löllgen H. Health, Performance Ratings and Approachability of 50-60-Year-Old Sedentary Adults (ActIv-Study): Key Insights for Health Economy and Exercise Promotion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:969. [PMID: 39200580 PMCID: PMC11353363 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21080969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant prevention efforts, the numbers of physically inactive individuals, chronic illnesses, exhaustion syndromes and sick leaves are increasing. A still unresolved problem with exercise promotion is the low participation of sedentary persons. This collective term covers heterogeneous subgroups. Their engagement with movement campaigns and resistance to change are influenced by numerous factors. Our aim was to analyse survey data on health, performance, lifestyle habits and the approachability to physical activity campaigns obtained from the Germany-wide ActIv survey. From 2888 study participants aged 50-60 years, 668 persons were categorised into the subgroups "never-athletes", "sports-dropouts", "always-athletes" and "sports-beginners". Large and significant group differences were found for BMI, assessment of quality of life, health and fitness, risk factors and health problems. In total, 42.5% of "never-athletes" and 32.5% of "sports-dropouts" did not state any barriers to sport. There are substantial disparities between the non-athlete groups in terms of their motivation to exercise. In contrast, there are comparatively minor differences in motivation between "sports-dropouts" and "sports-beginners", whose health and fitness are the primary motivators for sport. Our analyses suggest that (i) negative health and performance trends cannot be compensated for by appeals for voluntary participation in exercise programmes and (ii) powerful incentive systems are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Leyk
- Research Group Exercise Epidemiology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.H.); (E.V.); (T.R.); (H.L.)
- Faculty of Computer Science, University Koblenz, 56070 Koblenz, Germany;
| | - Nadine Hartmann
- Research Group Exercise Epidemiology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.H.); (E.V.); (T.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Emanuel Vits
- Research Group Exercise Epidemiology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.H.); (E.V.); (T.R.); (H.L.)
- Department X-Anesthesia, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, 56072 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Thomas Rüther
- Research Group Exercise Epidemiology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.H.); (E.V.); (T.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Stefanie Klatt
- Institute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Ralf Lämmel
- Faculty of Computer Science, University Koblenz, 56070 Koblenz, Germany;
| | - Herbert Löllgen
- Research Group Exercise Epidemiology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany; (N.H.); (E.V.); (T.R.); (H.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Yu D, Huang J, Zhi J, Xue Q. The Relationship Between Maternal Problematic Mobile Phone Use and Hyperactive Behavior in Preschool Children: The Moderating Effect of Family Parenting Support on Chain Mediation. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2665-2680. [PMID: 39006889 PMCID: PMC11246631 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s469043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The issue of excessive mobile phone use among mothers currently is growing increasingly significant due to the rapid growth of smartphones and other technological items. Given that women are the primary caregivers for preschool-aged children, it is imperative to thoroughly investigate the detrimental impacts of mothers' problematic mobile phone use on the hyperactive behaviors of their children, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods In this study, 924 Chinese mothers and their children are surveyed. The study looks into the moderating effects of parenting support in this context as well as the chain mediating roles of mothers' parent-child interaction disorder and work-family conflict in the effects of mothers' problematic cell phone use on preschoolers' hyperactive behaviors. Analysis is conducted on the moderating impact of parental support in this as well. Results The results find that boys have significantly higher levels of hyperactive behavior than girls; maternal problematic cell phone use significantly positively predicts preschoolers' hyperactive behavior; maternal problematic cell phone use could indirectly affect preschoolers' hyperactive behavior through the chain-mediated effects of work-family conflict and parent-child interaction disorder, and parenting support moderates the predictive effects of parent-child interaction disorder on preschoolers' hyperactive behavior. Conclusion This study reveals potential ways in which mothers' problematic mobile phone use affects preschoolers' hyperactivity behaviors in the Chinese context. The findings provide a multidimensional (protective and risk factors) indication of how to reduce the impact of mothers' problematic mobile phone use on preschoolers' levels of hyperactivity behaviors, which would contribute to improving children's mental health. However, this is a cross-sectional study and other factors may also play an important role in this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Yu
- Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Huang
- Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiewen Zhi
- School of Foreign Languages, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qidi Xue
- Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Blake H, Hassard J, Singh J, Teoh K. Work-related smartphone use during off-job hours and work-life conflict: A scoping review. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000554. [PMID: 39078844 PMCID: PMC11288435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Over recent decades the use of smartphones for work purposes has burgeoned both within and beyond working hours. The aim of the study was to conduct a scoping review to explore the association between the use of smartphone technology for work purposes in off-job hours with employees' self-reported work-life conflict. Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework was adopted. Searches were conducted in PsycINFO, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), Academic Search Complete, ProQuest Central, Web of Science, ProQuest Theses, Emerald, Business Source Complete, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar. Articles were eligible that reported on a sample of workers, were published in English between 1st January 2012 and 29th November 2023. The review was conducted and reported using a quality assessment checklist and PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Data charting and synthesis was undertaken narratively, using the framework approach and thematic analysis. Twenty-three studies were identified, conducted in nine countries. Nineteen studies (83%) showed a significant association between increased use of smartphone for work purposes in off job-hours and increased work-life conflict, with small-to-moderate effect sizes. This relationship was mediated by psychological detachment from work, and communication about family demands with one's supervisor. Moderators either strengthened or attenuated the relationship between use of smartphone for work purposes in off job-hours and increased work-life conflict. Findings suggest that smartphone use during off-job hours is likely to impact negatively on work-life conflict, which has implications for employee wellbeing. Managers could play a key role in clarifying expectations about after-hours availability, reducing job pressure, advocating psychological detachment from work in off-job hours where it is appropriate, and creating a workplace culture where communication about the interplay between work and home life is encouraged. The protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WFZU6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Juliet Hassard
- Queen’s Business School, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Jasmeet Singh
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Teoh
- Birkbeck Business School, Birkbeck University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Nahidi M, Ahmadi M, Fayyazi Bordbar MR, Morovatdar N, Khadem-Rezayian M, Abdolalizadeh A. The relationship between mobile phone addiction and depression, anxiety, and sleep quality in medical students. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:70-81. [PMID: 37781789 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the prevalence of mobile phone addiction among medical students and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. The study was conducted at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from 2019 to 2021, and it included medical students at four different levels of training. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling method. All subjects completed the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory through online electronic self-report questionnaires. Overall, 355 medical students were included in the study, with 203 (57.2%) being female. Mild and severe mobile phone addiction was reported by 83.7 and 2.5% of the students, respectively. Furthermore, the study's findings revealed significantly higher sleep quality disorder, depression, and anxiety scores among students with severe mobile phone addiction compared to other participants ( P < 0.001, P = 0.007, and P < 0.001, respectively). Although mobile phone addiction was prevalent, severe addiction was rare among medical students. Nevertheless, severe addiction was associated with an increased prevalence of mental health problems and sleep disturbances, emphasizing the importance of interventions aimed at reducing mobile phone addiction and improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nahidi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | | | | | - Negar Morovatdar
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | - Majid Khadem-Rezayian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adeleh Abdolalizadeh
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
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Reimann LE, Binnewies C, Ozimek P, Loose S. I Do Not Want to Miss a Thing! Consequences of Employees' Workplace Fear of Missing Out for ICT Use, Well-Being, and Recovery Experiences. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38247660 PMCID: PMC10812831 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As more and more employees have access to work-related information and communication technologies (ICTs) anywhere and anytime, new challenges arise in terms of well-being and recovery experiences. Feelings of workplace fear of missing Out (wFoMO) and workplace telepressure may be personal demands that add to the literature of the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory. In this study, we proposed a model in which wFoMO and workplace telepressure were associated with employee well-being variables via the use of ICTs during leisure time. Therefore, we analyzed the data of N = 130 employees who answered two questionnaires in the interval of one work week. The results revealed negative indirect effects between wFoMO/workplace telepressure and psychological detachment/perceived stress via ICT use. The results were more ambivalent regarding the dependent variables burnout, relaxation, and control. This strengthens the literature that categorized ICT use as a job demand. However, we also found positive indirect effects on perceived informational benefits, which supports the idea of ICTs being both a job demand and a job resource in light of the JD-R theory. This study contributes to past research on work-related ICT use during leisure time and demonstrates the relevance of personal demands such as wFoMO for employees' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda-Elisabeth Reimann
- Department of Work Psychology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Carmen Binnewies
- Department of Work Psychology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Phillip Ozimek
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany;
| | - Sophie Loose
- Department of Work Psychology, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (C.B.); (S.L.)
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Eccles DW, Gretton TW, Harris N, Wolf SA. "Switching the mind off completely" - Understanding the psychology of rest in coaches. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 69:102479. [PMID: 37665920 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To better understand the psychology of rest in coaches. Rest appears to be important for coping, recovery, and well-being in coaches, yet there is limited research on and in turn understanding of this concept in this population. DESIGN A qualitative description study design was employed. METHOD 22 NCAA Division I coaches were interviewed about what rest means to them, key barriers to rest in coaching, and strategies employed to obtain rest in the face of these barriers. A codebook thematic analysis was undertaken to examine the analytical generalizability (Smith, 2018) to the coaching context of an extant model of the psychology of rest in athletes (Eccles & Kazmier, 2019). RESULTS The Eccles-Kazmier model appears to offer some analytical generalizability to the coaching context. Consistent with the model, the process of resting in coaches involves both sleep and resting while awake. Resting while awake involves (a) a break from thinking about work, (b) a break from effortful thinking generally, and (c) engaging in life outside coaching. However, departures from the model were also observed; specifically, unlike for athletes, the wakeful resting process for coaches does not appear to involve assuming control or experiencing variety. CONCLUSION The findings advance the current understanding of the constituents of rest in coaches and can inform coach education about how to obtain the rest needed to perform effectively and stay healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Eccles
- College of Education, Florida State University, 114 W. Call St., Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA.
| | - Thomas W Gretton
- College of Education, Florida State University, 114 W. Call St., Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Nate Harris
- College of Education, Florida State University, 114 W. Call St., Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
| | - Svenja A Wolf
- College of Education, Florida State University, 114 W. Call St., Tallahassee, Florida, 32306, USA
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Buono C, Farnese ML, Spagnoli P. The Workaholism-Technostress Interplay: Initial Evidence on Their Mutual Relationship. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:599. [PMID: 37504046 PMCID: PMC10376164 DOI: 10.3390/bs13070599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During the pandemic, the occurrence of extreme working conditions (e.g., the sudden shift to remote work, isolation, and the slowdown of the work processes) exacerbated several phenomena, such as increased workaholism and stress due to technological devices; that is, technostress. Literature on the onset of these phenomena during the pandemic highlighted a possible interplay among them; however, there is still a dearth of knowledge about the direction of the relationship between workaholism and technostress. The present study assessed the relationship between workaholism and technostress through a two-wave cross-lagged study using path analysis in SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). The study was conducted in Italy during the pandemic, and a total of 113 Italian employees completed the online survey at each wave. Results showed that workaholism at Time 1 was a significant predictor of technostress at Time 2 (β = 0.25, p = 0.049), while the reversed causation was not supported (β = 0.08, p = 0.22). These findings may help employees and organizations to better understand the phenomena of technostress and workaholism and develop strategies to prevent the consequences of excessive and compulsive work and to improve the balanced use of technology for their daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Buono
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Paola Spagnoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
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Chen C, Shen Y, Lv S, Wang B, Zhu Y. The relationship between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction among college students: The chain mediating effects of social avoidance and peer relationships. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1137220. [PMID: 37123288 PMCID: PMC10134861 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1137220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mobile phone addiction has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of college students, which has attracted extensive attention from scholars. Methods In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the influence of self-esteem on mobile phone addiction among 694 college students using the Self-Esteem Scale, the Mobile Phone. Addiction Scale, the Peer Relationship Scale and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. Results The results showed that (1) self-esteem significantly and negatively predicted mobile phone addiction; (2) self-esteem influenced mobile phone addiction through the mediating effect of social avoidance; (3) self-esteem influenced mobile phone addiction through the mediating effect of peer relationships; and (4) social avoidance and peer relationships played a chain mediating role in the influence of self-esteem on mobile phone addiction. Discussion These findings can help researchers and educators better understand the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction and to provide practical and effective operational suggestions for the prevention and intervention of mobile phone addiction among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Chen
- Teachers College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanyi Shen
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuai Lv
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Office of Development Planning, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- School of Marine Culture and Law, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Heyman JL, Kushlev K. Did smartphones enhance or diminish well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic? Front Psychol 2023; 14:1094196. [PMID: 36993884 PMCID: PMC10040682 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1094196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAs smartphones have become increasingly integrated into people’s lives, researchers have attempted to answer whether they are beneficial or detrimental to well-being. Of particular interest to the current study is the role that smartphones played during the first year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.MethodsIn an intensive longitudinal study, we explore how varying uses of smartphones relate to well-being using the Displacement-Interference-Complementarity framework.ResultsConsistent with pre-pandemic research, we show that people felt better, calmer, and more energetic when they used their phones more for complementary purposes (i.e., to access information, entertainment, and connection not otherwise available). In contrast to most pre-pandemic research, however, we find no evidence that any type of phone use predicted lower well-being during the pandemic.DiscussionOverall, this study lends support to the idea that smartphones can be beneficial for individuals, particularly during times when face-to-face interaction is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Heyman
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jennifer L. Heyman,
| | - Kostadin Kushlev
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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12
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Employee online personal/professional boundary blurring and work engagement: Social media anxiety as a key contingency. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2022.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Liu Y, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Liu L. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on work connectivity behavior. Front Psychol 2023; 14:831862. [PMID: 36844306 PMCID: PMC9947784 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.831862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Based on event system theory, this study analyzed the influence of the event strength of major public health outside the organization on work connectivity behavior. Methods The study collected data from 532 employees on their psychological status and working style during the COVID-19 pandemic through an online questionnaire survey. Results The results show that driven by financial risk perception, female employees are more willing to pay work connectivity behavior than male employees and unmarried employees are more willing to pay work connectivity behavior than married employees. The risk perception of employees aged 28-33 has the greatest impact on workplace behavior. The impact of financial risk perception on behavior of employees without children is much higher than that of employees with children. The influence of financial risk perception and social risk perception on their behavior of employees with master's degree is much higher than that of health risk perception, but the workplace behavior of employees with doctor's degree is mainly affected by health risk perception. Discussion The novelty of the Corona Virus Disease event has a negative influence on work connectivity duration. The criticality, disruption of the Corona Virus Disease event has a positive influence on work connectivity duration. The criticality of the Corona Virus Disease event has a positive influence on work connectivity frequency. Employees' social risk perception, financial risk perception and health risk perception has a positive influence on the work connectivity duration and work connectivity frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Liu
- College of Tourism and Service Management, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zaisheng Zhang
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- School of Management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Li Liu, ✉
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Technology-assisted supplemental work: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2023.103861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Hartner-Tiefenthaler M, Mostafa AMS, Koeszegi ST. The double-edged sword of online access to work tools outside work: The relationship with flexible working, work interrupting nonwork behaviors and job satisfaction. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1035989. [PMID: 36777783 PMCID: PMC9909101 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1035989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Information and communication technologies (ICTs) provide employees with online access to work tools outside work (OAWT), which can be seen as a double-edged sword fostering positive as well as negative aspects of flexibility. In our study, we investigated how OAWT relates to different forms of flexible working, work interrupting nonwork behaviors and job satisfaction. Method We used a randomized sample of 758 Austrian employees from a broad range of organizations and tested the hypotheses by means of structural equation modeling. Results Our findings revealed that OAWT is associated with available flexibility which relates positively to job satisfaction. However, at the same time, it is associated with required flexibility which relates negatively to job satisfaction and positively to work interrupting nonwork behaviors. OAWT has also been found to strengthen the positive relationship between required temporal flexibility and work interrupting nonwork behaviors, and attenuated the negative relationship between required temporal flexibility and job satisfaction. Implications We discuss the practical implications and develop recommendations on how organizations should deal with OAWT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Sayed Mostafa
- Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom,Faculty of Commerce, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Gellmers J, Yan N. Digital Leisure Engagement and Positive Outcomes in the Workplace: A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1014. [PMID: 36673769 PMCID: PMC9859073 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The rise of the Internet and information and communication technologies (ICTs) has led to employees spending increasingly more time on non-work-related digital activities at work. A vast literature base exists that is devoted to the potential adverse effect of such activities in the form of cyberloafing. However, not much is known about the positive outcomes of such activities conceptualized as digital leisure. The present review systematically examines current literature on digital leisure activities and how these contribute to positive outcomes in the workplace. Additionally, possible moderating and mediating variables are investigated. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) framework, eight peer-reviewed studies were identified that met inclusion criteria. The results indicate that resource recovery processes and employee well-being, as well as employee productivity are positively associated with digital leisure in the workplace. Age was found to moderate the relationship between digital leisure and self-reported employee productivity, while employee satisfaction was found to mediate the relationship between digital leisure and employee productivity. Future research directions are outlined and implications for the work context are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joschka Gellmers
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nanxi Yan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of HRM & OB, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, 9747 AJ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Hendrikx K, Van Ruysseveldt J, Proost K, van der Lee S. "Out of office": Availability norms and feeling burned out during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of autonomy and telepressure. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1063020. [PMID: 36895752 PMCID: PMC9989020 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1063020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital innovations make it possible to work anywhere and anytime using any kind of device. Given these evolutions, availability norms are emerging at work. These norms specifically refer to the experienced beliefs or expectations from colleagues or superiors to be available for work-related communication after regular work hours. We rely on the Job-Demands Resources Model as we aim to investigate the relationship between these availability norms and burnout symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. We first of all study to what extent availability norms are associated with heightened burnout symptoms. Secondly, we study how both a personal demand, namely telepressure, and a job resource, namely autonomy, could offer distinct and relevant explanations for the role these availability norms play in experiencing burnout symptoms. Method We collected data through a survey study with 229 employees from various organizations in the second half of 2020. Results The findings indicated that indeed availability norms are significantly associated with more burnout symptoms and that both heightened telepressure and reduced autonomy mediated this relationship. Discussion This study contributes to theory and practice as we offer insight into how availability norms at work could be detrimental for the occupational health of employees, which can be taken into account when setting up rules and regulations at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Hendrikx
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Joris Van Ruysseveldt
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Karin Proost
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, Netherlands.,Faculty of Economics and Business, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra van der Lee
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Open Universiteit, Heerlen, Netherlands
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18
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Mutually Complementary Effects of Cyberloafing and Cyber-Life-Interruption on Employee Exhaustion. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2022.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Edvinsson J, Mathiassen SE, Bjärntoft S, Jahncke H, Hartig T, Hallman DM. A Work Time Control Tradeoff in Flexible Work: Competitive Pathways to Need for Recovery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:691. [PMID: 36613009 PMCID: PMC9819246 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Work time control may offer opportunities, but also implies risks for employee recovery, influenced by increased work-related ICT use and overtime work. However, this risk-opportunity tradeoff remains understudied. This study aimed to test two different models of associations between work time control, work-related ICT use, overtime work, and the need for recovery. These models were constructed based on data on office workers with flexible work arrangements. Cross-sectional data were obtained with questionnaires (n = 2582) from employees in a Swedish multi-site organization. Regression models treated the three determinants of the need for recovery either as independent, or as linked in a causal sequence. The test of independent determinants confirmed that more work time control was associated with less need for recovery, whereas more ICT use and overtime work were associated with a higher need for recovery. In a test of serial mediation, more work time control contributed to a greater need for recovery through more ICT use and then more overtime work. Work time control also had a competitive, indirect effect through a negative association with overtime work. Our results suggest that work time control is beneficial for employee recovery, but may for some be associated with more work-related ICT use after regular working hours, thus increasing recovery needs. Policies that support work time control can promote recovery, but employers must attend to the risk of excessive use of ICT outside of regular working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Edvinsson
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Sofie Bjärntoft
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Helena Jahncke
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Terry Hartig
- Institute for Housing and Urban Research, Uppsala University, 75105 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David M. Hallman
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
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20
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Suryanto A, Fitriati R, Natalia SI, Oktariani A, Munawaroh M, Nurdin N, AHN YH. Study of working from home: the impact of ICT anxiety and smartphone addiction on lecturers at NIPA School of Administration on job performance. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11980. [PMID: 36506378 PMCID: PMC9722629 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted on the working system, shifting working from office (WFO) into working from home (WFH) practice that requires employees to be skillful in using technology to support their work activities. However, this condition can affect job performance. This study aims to analyze the impact of ICT anxiety and smartphone addiction on job performance of all lecturers at NIPA School of Administration (Jakarta, Bandung, and Makassar). This study applied a quantitative method with a total sampling technique and conducted a survey on 135 respondents using an online questionnaire. Furthermore, this study employed job demands and resources theory as well as PLS-SEM to analyze five variables (ICT anxiety, smartphone addiction, interruption, job efficacy, and job performance) and to test seven hypotheses. The findings show that there is a positive relationship between ICT anxiety and interruption while interruption has negative influences on job efficacy and job performance. Therefore, this study recommends the facilitation of knowledge sharing related to ICT competence or literacy. In addition, NIPA should improve the security guarantees of the intellectual rights of the lecturers in relation to the choice of technology and integrate the demands of ICT needs with administrative-technical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Suryanto
- National Institute of Public Administration, Indonesia
| | - Rachma Fitriati
- Universitas Indonesia, Faculty of Administrative Science, Indonesia
| | | | | | - M. Munawaroh
- Jakarta State University, Faculty of Economy, Indonesia
| | | | - Young-hoon AHN
- The Presidential Committee on Autonomy and Decentralization, Republic of Korea
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21
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Effects of segmentation supply and segmentation preference on work connectivity behaviour after hours: a person–environment fit perspective. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Lott Y, Wöhrmann AM. Spillover and crossover effects of working time demands on work-life balance satisfaction among dual-earner couples: the mediating role of work-family conflict. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-17. [PMID: 36258892 PMCID: PMC9561319 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03850-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To examine the spillover and crossover effects of working time demands (specifically, work contact in leisure time, evening work, and long work hours) on satisfaction with work-life balance among dual-earner couples, path analyses were conducted using data from the 2017/2018 German Family Panel (pairfam; N = 1,053 dual-earner couples). Working time demands were measured based on (a) answering work emails/phone calls in leisure time, (b) evening work, and (c) weekly work hours. High working time demands impaired workers' work-life balance satisfaction due to higher levels of work-life conflict. They indirectly affected partners' work-life balance satisfaction through two pathways: (a) workers' and partners' work-life conflict and (b) workers' work-life conflict and work-life balance satisfaction. These findings indicate that high working time demands negatively impact the work-life balance satisfaction of workers and their partners because of work-life conflict experienced either by the workers only or by both partners. In an increasingly digitalized labor market, measures are needed to reduce working time demands-and thus work-life conflict-for workers and their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lott
- Hans-Böckler Foundation, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne M. Wöhrmann
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Dortmund, Germany
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23
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Can't stop eating my feelings: the maladaptive responses of abused employees toward abusive supervision. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2022.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although organizational research on abusive supervision and its detrimental effects on individuals and organizations has become increasingly popular, little attention has been paid to the maladaptive responses of subordinates to abusive supervision. We build upon self-regulatory theory to investigate one common but overlooked maladaptive response of subordinates to abusive supervision: subordinate overeating behavior. We conducted a single-source, multi-wave daily diary study on 10 consecutive working days (N = 115 employees and 1150 daily surveys) to investigate the relationship between abusive supervision and overeating behavior via a subordinate's negative mood at the high versus low values of subordinate's recovery experiences. We, from the perspective of self-regulatory impairment, found that a subordinate's perceptions of abusive supervision instill a sense of negative mood, which in turn render a loss of control over his/her behavioral intentions toward overeating behavior. Moreover, the first-stage moderation results demonstrated that recovery experiences at the workplace mitigate the depleting effects of abusive supervision. Abused subordinates are less susceptible to the effects of abusive supervision on overeating behavior via their negative moods when there are greater recovery experiences at the workplace. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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24
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Choi SB, Jung KB, Kang SW. What hinders team innovation performance? Three-way interaction of destructive leadership, intra-team conflict, and organizational diversity. Front Psychol 2022; 13:879412. [PMID: 36248518 PMCID: PMC9556773 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to clarify the impact of destructive leadership on team innovation performance. It also explores the relevant conditions that maximize the above relationship. Specifically we examine how intra-team conflict organizational diversity moderate the relationship between destructive leadership team innovation performance. Finally the three-way interaction between destructive leadership intra-team conflict organizational diversity is analyzed for the worst conditions to maximize the negative effect of destructive leadership on team innovation performance. This paper used a cross-sectional design with questionnaires administered to 87 teams with 479 team members working in Korean manufacturing service firms. It applied a hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypothesized relationships including three-way interaction effect among destructive leadership intra-team conflict organizational diversity on team innovation performance. This paper provided empirical insights about how destructive behaviors of team leader hindered team innovation performance. The three-way interaction effects also revealed that the higher the levels of both intra-team conflict organizational diversity the greater the negative effect of destructive leadership on team innovation performance. This paper demonstrates how team leaders’ behavior team organizational conditions result in discouraging overall innovation outcomes. This paper contributes to the innovation leadership literatures by identifying possible leadership type hindering innovation performance at team level the specific conditions their dynamic interaction strengthening the negative effect of destructive leadership on team innovation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Bong Choi
- College of Global Business, Korea University, Sejong City, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Suk Bong Choi,
| | - Ki Baek Jung
- College of Global Business, Korea University, Sejong City, South Korea
| | - Seung-Wan Kang
- College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
- Seung-Wan Kang,
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25
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Kerksieck P, Brauchli R, de Bloom J, Shimazu A, Kujanpää M, Lanz M, Bauer GF. Crafting work-nonwork balance involving life domain boundaries: Development and validation of a novel scale across five countries. Front Psychol 2022; 13:892120. [PMID: 36186286 PMCID: PMC9523012 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.892120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing developments, such as digitalization, increased the interference of the work and nonwork life domains, urging many to continuously manage engagement in respective domains. The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent home-office regulations further boosted the need for employees to find a good work-nonwork balance, thereby optimizing their health and well-being. Consequently, proactive individual-level crafting strategies for balancing work with other relevant life domains were becoming increasingly important. However, these strategies received insufficient attention in previous research despite their potential relevance for satisfying psychological needs, such as psychological detachment. We addressed this research gap by introducing a new scale measuring crafting for a work-nonwork balance and examining its relevance in job-and life satisfaction, work engagement, subjective vitality, family role and job performance, boundary management and self-rated work-nonwork balance. The Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale was validated in five countries (Austria, Finland, Germany, Japan, and Switzerland), encompassing data from a heterogeneous sample of more than 4,200 employees. In study 1, exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factorial scale structure. Confirmatory factor analysis, test for measurement invariance, and convergent validity were provided in study 2. Replication of confirmatory factor analysis, incremental and criterion validity of the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale for job and life satisfaction were assessed in study 3. Study 4 displayed criterion validity, test–retest reliability, testing measurement invariance, and applicability of the scale across work cultures. Finally, study 5 delivered evidence for the Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale in predicting work-nonwork balance. The novel Work-Nonwork Balance Crafting Scale captured crafting for the challenging balance between work and nonwork and performed well across several different working cultures in increasingly digitalized societies. Both researchers and practitioners may use this tool to assess crafting efforts to balance both life domains and to study relationships with outcomes relevant to employee health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kerksieck
- Public and Organizational Health, Center of Salutogenesis, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Philipp Kerksieck,
| | - Rebecca Brauchli
- Public and Organizational Health, Center of Salutogenesis, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica de Bloom
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Department of Policy Management, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miika Kujanpää
- School of Business, University of South-Eastern Norway, Hønefoss, Viken, Norway
| | - Madeleine Lanz
- Consumer Behavior Group, Institute for Environmental Decisions, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg F. Bauer
- Public and Organizational Health, Center of Salutogenesis, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Deep mind in social responses to technologies: A new approach to explaining the Computers are Social Actors phenomena. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Cheung F. Work-Related Smartphone Use at Night and Job Satisfaction: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model of Emotional Exhaustion and Organizational Dehumanization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710674. [PMID: 36078390 PMCID: PMC9518572 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Work-related smartphone use at night has attracted substantial research attention. Surprisingly, its impact on employees' job satisfaction is mixed. Based on the stressor-strain-outcome model, this study aims to examine whether emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between work-related smartphone use at night and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the role of organizational dehumanization in moderating the relation between work-related smartphone use and emotional exhaustion, and the association between emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction, was examined. A total of 372 participants reported on two online surveys. Bivariate correlation results showed that work-related smartphone use was positively related to emotional exhaustion but there was no significant association between work-related smartphone use and job satisfaction. Moderated mediation analysis results suggested that organizational dehumanization (T1) did not interact with work-related smartphone use at night (T1) in predicting emotional exhaustion (T1). However, organizational dehumanization (T1) interacted with emotional exhaustion (T1) in predicting job satisfaction (T2), in which individuals who perceived higher organizational dehumanization reported lower job satisfaction under higher emotional exhaustion. The limitations and implications of this study are also discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Cheung
- Department of Applied Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong
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28
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The association of work-related extended availability with recuperation, well-being, life domain balance and work: A meta-analysis. ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20413866221116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Work-related extended availability (WREA; the availability of employees for work-related matters in their leisure time) seems to be associated with decreases in well-being and life-domain balance, but to date there is no quantitative synthesis of the scattered evidence. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis (113 articles with 121 studies relying on k = 117 independent samples with N = 131,872) on the associations between WREA and employee outcomes while examining potential moderators as well as differences between availability demands and behaviors. WREA was adversely associated with recuperation, well-being and private life, but favorably with some work-related criteria. There were no systematic differences in effect sizes between availability demands and behaviors; however, segmentation preferences were a moderator. Overall, these results suggest that WREA may pose a threat to employee recuperation, well-being and private lives, especially when employees prefer separating work and private life. However, positive potentials of WREA should not be overlooked. Plain Language Summary Work-related extended availability (WREA) refers to the availability of employees for work-related matters in their leisure time. Studies have shown that WREA may go along with primarily negative consequences for employees, but to date, there is no comprehensive overview of the literature statistically summarizing the current state of research, which was done in the study at hand. We assumed that WREA be related to problems with recovery, poorer well-being and difficulties to find a balance between work and private life. We also assessed in how far WREA goes along with attitudes towards work, absence from work and the intention to change jobs. Moreover, we considered differences between demands to be available and behaviors of actually taking care of work-related matters during leisure time. Finally, we investigated factors that may be associated with stronger consequences of WREA. We included 113 scientific papers with a total of 131,872 participants. WREA was related to problems with recovery, poorer well-being and difficulties to find a balance between work and private life, but also to more positive attitudes towards work. We did not find systematic differences between demands to be available and availability behaviors. However, we found that the relationship between WREA and work creating conflict with family life were stronger in samples with higher preferences to segment work and private life. Our findings suggest that WREA may pose a threat to employee recuperation, well-being and private lives, especially when employees prefer separating life domains. Still, positive potentials of WREA should not be overlooked.
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Gonçalves SP, dos Santos JV. Smartphone Use Side-by-Side with Burnout: Mediation of Work-Family Interaction and Loneliness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116692. [PMID: 35682276 PMCID: PMC9180685 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this investigation is to study the relationship between compulsive smartphone use and burnout, and the potential mediating effect of negative work−family interaction and loneliness in this relationship. An online questionnaire was applied to a sample of 228 Portuguese workers, from various sectors, aged between 19 and 60 years (mean = 32.32); (standard deviation = 9.25), mostly female (64.5%; n = 154). The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The main results show that the compulsive use of the smartphone is positively and expressively related (β = 0.258; p < 0.001) to burnout, with compulsive users reporting more symptoms of burnout. In addition, this study shows the mediating power of negative work−family interaction and loneliness, in the relationship between compulsive smartphone use and burnout, with this effect being positive and significant (B = 0.072; 95% CI [0.026; 0.145]; B = 0.068; 95% CI [0.008; 0.141]). These results highlight the need for individuals and organizations to use smartphones with caution, as well as reinforce that companies must develop a way to prevent and treat possible risk factors associated with this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia P. Gonçalves
- Centro de Administração e Políticas Públicas, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-663 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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30
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The Effects of Workplace Loneliness on the Psychological Detachment and Emotional Exhaustion of Hotel Employees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095228. [PMID: 35564624 PMCID: PMC9102031 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at establishing whether loneliness among hotel employees in the workplace affects their psychological and emotional experiences by empirically investigating their perceptions of negative situations. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 300 hotel employees, after which confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to reassess the reliability and validity of the measured questionnaire items. A model of workplace loneliness, psychological detachment, and emotional exhaustion was developed and examined through structural equation modeling. The results showed that the hotel employees experienced workplace loneliness and expressed a desire to be psychologically detached from their jobs for recovery. Workplace loneliness also contributed to emotional exhaustion. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations and future research directions, are discussed.
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31
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Hu W, Ye Z, Zhang Z. Off-Time Work-Related Smartphone Use and Bedtime Procrastination of Public Employees: A Cross-Cultural Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:850802. [PMID: 35360589 PMCID: PMC8961512 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.850802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While previous studies have examined the negative effects of work-related smartphone use after hours, little is known about whether and how it influences employees’ unhealthy sleep behavior (i.e., bedtime procrastination). Drawing on the ego depletion theory, this study explored the effects of work-related smartphone use after hours on bedtime procrastination. To further uncover potential cross-cultural differences, a sample of 210 public employees from the United States and 205 public employees from China were used. Results via path analysis revealed that off-time work-related smartphone use positively influenced bedtime procrastination via the mediating role of self-control depletion. These findings were consistent between the United States and Chinese sample; however, off-time work-related smartphone use after hours increased the likelihood of self-control depletion more strongly in the United States than in China. The implications of our findings for both theory and practice were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zeying Ye
- School of Business, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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32
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Grotto AR, Lyness KS. What a week! A moderated-mediation crossover model for daily boundary violations at home and partner evening affect. Stress Health 2022; 38:261-276. [PMID: 34339586 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Increasingly blurred boundaries allow work to breach home borders, disrupting personal tasks and goals which feel like violations to employees and thereby may trigger affective strain responses. Yet, the potential adverse effects of boundary violations at home on partner affective strain remains unexplored. Based on affective events and crossover theories, we considered the occurrence of violations at home as work-related stressors originating at home and thereafter evoking emotional strain in partners through employees' own affective strain response. Based on the differential reactivity model, we expected employee affective strain responses to boundary violations at home and subsequent emotional transmission to partners would be exacerbated during a period (i.e., one week) of high emotional strain when employees and partners are hyper-responsive to their home environments. Event data were collected for seven days from 69 employees and partners for 483 data points. Since the occurrence of homebound violations and associated effects on employees and partners likely fluctuates daily, a multilevel two-stage moderated-mediation model was tested. Results showed indirect effects of violations on partner affective strain through employee affective strain, with a backdrop of high emotional strain for the week moderating the affective event and crossover processes. Implications for scholars and organizations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R Grotto
- Management and Marketing Department, Manhattan College, Riverdale, New York, USA
| | - Karen S Lyness
- Psychology Department, Baruch College and Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, USA
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The Relationship between Flow Experience and Burnout Symptoms: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073865. [PMID: 35409547 PMCID: PMC8998023 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: In today’s performance-oriented society, burnout symptoms, defined as consequences of chronic work stress, are an increasing problem. To counteract this development, the important aims are (1) to find protective and modifiable factors that reduce the risk of developing and harboring burnout symptoms and (2) to understand the underlying mechanisms. A phenomenon potentially furthering both aims is flow experience. Based on the earlier literature, we developed a psycho-physiological “Flow-Burnout-Model”, which postulates positive or negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms, depending on the prevailing situational and personal conditions. Methods: To test our Flow-Burnout-Model, we conducted a systematic literature search encompassing flow and burnout symptoms. Eighteen empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Results: The findings of the systematic review as a whole suggest a negative association between flow and burnout symptoms, both cross-sectional and longitudinal. According to the findings from longitudinal studies, flow can be interpreted as a protective factor against burnout symptoms, and burnout symptoms can be interpreted as a factor inhibiting flow. In our conclusion, we maintain the assumption of a bidirectional association between flow and burnout symptoms in the Flow-Burnout-Model but modify the initially suggested positive and negative associations between flow and burnout symptoms towards a predominantly negative relationship. Discussion: Mindful of the heterogeneous findings of earlier studies, the resulting comprehensive Flow-Burnout-Model will lay the foundations for future hypothesis-based research. This includes physiological mechanisms explaining the relationship between flow and burnout symptoms, and likewise, the conditions of their longitudinal association.
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Smartphone addiction can maximize or minimize job performance? Assessing the role of life invasion and techno exhaustion. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13520-022-00145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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The Show Must Go On: A Snapshot of Italian Academic Working Life during Mandatory Work from Home through the Results of a National Survey. SOCIAL SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11030111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, universities worldwide have provided continuity to research and teaching through mandatory work from home. Taking into account the specificities of the Italian academic environment and using the Job Demand-Resource-Recovery model, the present study provides, through an online survey, for the first time a description of the experiences of a large sample of academics (N = 2365) and technical and administrative staff (N = 4086) working in Italian universities. The study analyzes the main differences between genders, roles or work areas, in terms of some job demands, recovery experiences, and outcomes, all important dimensions to achieve goals 3, 4, and 5 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The results support the reflections on gender equality measures in universities and provide a general framework useful for further in-depth analysis and development of measures in order to improve well-being (SDG 3), quality of education (SDG 4), and gender equality (SDG 5).
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Marsh E, Vallejos EP, Spence A. The digital workplace and its dark side: An integrative review. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fridchay J, Reizer A. Fear of Missing out (FOMO): Implications for Employees and Job Performance. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 156:257-277. [PMID: 35201955 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2022.2034727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been growing interest in how individual differences in FOMO affect personal and individual outcomes. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the impact of FOMO in the workplace. The current study examined whether individual differences in fear of missing out (FOMO) affect employee job performance. This was accomplished by investigating the mediating role of burnout and social media engagement (SME). Furthermore, we also examined whether amotivation moderates the mediation process. Data were gathered from 214 Israeli employees by using the following scales: Fear of Missing Out (FOMOs), Burnout, Social Media Engagement (SME), Multidimensional Work Motivation (MWMS), and Job Performance. The results indicated that individual differences in FOMO are associated with relatively low levels of job performance. The relationship is mediated by burnout but not by SME. Amotivation was found to moderate the mediation effect of burnout. Interpretation of these results and practical implications are discussed.
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Cheung YLF, Lun MCV, Wang HJ. Smartphone use after work mediates the link between organizational norm of connectivity and emotional exhaustion: Will workaholism make a difference? Stress Health 2022; 38:130-139. [PMID: 34288355 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Using smartphone for work in off-work hours has been associated with negative employee outcomes. We postulate that: (1) organizational norm of connectivity precedes employees' work-related smartphone use after work, which predicts emotional exhaustion among employees; and (2) this process is moderated by employees' workaholism. We collected data from 399 full-time employees who completed six online surveys over 3 workdays to test our hypotheses. Multilevel path analysis of these data revealed that organizational norm of connectivity was more strongly related to smartphone use after work among employees with high workaholism compared to those with low workaholism. However, smartphone use was more strongly related to emotional exhaustion among those with low workaholism compared to those with high workaholism. In total, the indirect effect of organizational norm of connectivity on emotional exhaustion through work-related smartphone use after work was significant only for those with low workaholism. These findings highlight the role of organizational norm of connectivity and individual workaholism in the association of work-related smartphone use after work and negative employee outcomes. We discussed the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hai-Jiang Wang
- School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ren S, Hu J, Tang G, Chadee D. Digital connectivity for work after hours: Its curvilinear relationship with employee job performance. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/peps.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ren
- Deakin Business School Deakin University Melbourne Australia
| | - Jia Hu
- Fisher College of Business The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Guiyao Tang
- School of Management Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Doren Chadee
- Deakin Business School Deakin University Melbourne Australia
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Might insecurity and use of ICT enhance internet addiction and exhaust people? A study in two European countries during emergency remote working. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022; 126:107010. [PMID: 36569411 PMCID: PMC9758255 DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Facing the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, we have witnessed a strong recourse to generalised lockdowns and to the deployment of remote working. These emergency measures have also thrown employers and employees into uncertainty regarding the present and future existence of their job. The present study aimed to examine the role of job insecurity and job demands in non-working hours through technologies on emotional exhaustion mediated by Internet addiction. A total of 999 remote workers, 501 of whom live in France and 498 in Italy, completed a self-report questionnaire during the first lockdown. Results suggest that both job insecurity and the requests to use technology for work purposes during non-work time exacerbate emotional exhaustion through the mediation of Internet Addiction. Limitations, future perspectives, and implications for management are discussed.
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Mohd Salleh Sahimi H, Norzan MH, Nik Jaafar NR, Sharip S, Ashraf A, Shanmugam K, Bistamam NS, Mohammad Arrif NE, Kumar S, Midin M. Excessive smartphone use and its correlations with social anxiety and quality of life among medical students in a public university in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:956168. [PMID: 36506446 PMCID: PMC9729953 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.956168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smartphone usage has significantly increased in the last decade among young adults has significantly increased in the last decade. While its benefits are undeniable, its negative implications are increasingly emerging. Studies are needed to investigate the effects of excessive smartphone use on a young person's life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of excessive smartphone use among medical students and its relations with social anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) in UKM Medical Center. A total of 273 students have consented to participate and completed self-reported questionnaires encompassing sociodemographic information, the Short Version Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Sociodemographic data, SIAS score, WHOQOL-BREF score and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale score were treated as independent variables. Smartphone addiction Scale score was treated as the dependent variable. Bivariate analysis was used to explore the relationship between independent and dependent variables using the Fisher exact test, Pearson Chi-Square and Pearson correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the variables with a p-value of < 0.05 from the Pearson correlation coefficient test. RESULTS The percentage of excessive smarphone use among UKM medical students is 48%. The bivariate analysis showed that excessive smartphone use has a small but significant positive correlation with social anxiety (r = 0.173, p = 0.004) and negative correlations with physical health (r = -0.133, p = 0.028), psychological wellbeing (r =-0.135, p = 0.026), social relationships (r = -0.232, p = 0.001), environment (r = -0.260, p = 0.001) and self-esteem (r = -0.128, p = 0.035). In the multiple regression analysis, a better environment predicted a reduced risk for smartphone addiction (β = -0.233, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION Almost half of the students were found to have smartphone overdependence. Excessive smartphone use has shown a significant relationship with an increased risk for social anxiety, reduction in self-esteem, and quality of life among medical students. A closer look into the possible intervention is needed in the future to curb the negative effects arising from excessive smartphone use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Hafiz Norzan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Shalisah Sharip
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Ashraf
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Kamaleshini Shanmugam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Nur Shahirah Bistamam
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | | | - Saathish Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Marhani Midin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
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How Does Mobile Workplace Stress Affect Employee Innovative Behavior? The Role of Work-Family Conflict and Employee Engagement. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 12:bs12010002. [PMID: 35049613 PMCID: PMC8773448 DOI: 10.3390/bs12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The new wave of interest in mobile workplaces is profoundly changing the internal ecology of Chinese companies and creating new stress for employees. To investigate the mechanisms of mobile workplace stress on employee innovative behavior and the role of work–family conflict and employee engagement, we collected 426 valid samples from married male employees in the software and information service industries. The results show that mobile workplace stress has a significant negative effect on employee innovative behavior. In contrast, it has a significant positive effect on work–family conflict and employee engagement. In addition, work–family conflict partially mediates the relationship between mobile workplace stress and employee innovative behavior; employee engagement produces the suppressing effects. The chain intermediary effect of work–family conflict and employee engagement between the mobile workplace and employee innovative behavior is present. When we focus on the high performance of the mobile workplace, we should also pay attention to its impact on the company’s ability for innovation.
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Listopad IW, Michaelsen MM, Werdecker L, Esch T. Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spirito-Cultural Factors of Burnout: A Systematic Narrative Review of the Literature. Front Psychol 2021; 12:722862. [PMID: 34925130 PMCID: PMC8672245 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Burnout is a widespread, multifactorial, and mainly psychological phenomenon. The pathogenesis of burnout is commonly described within the bio-psycho-social model of health and disease. Recent literature suggests that the phenomenon of burnout may be broader so that the three dimensions might not reflect the multifaceted and complex nature of the syndrome. Consequently, this review aims to identify the diversity of factors related to burnout, to define overarching categories based on these, and to clarify whether the bio-psycho-social model adequately describes the pathogenesis of burnout-holistically and sufficiently. Method: Five online databases (PubMed, PubPsych, PsychARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched using defined search terms to identify relevant studies. The publication date was set between January 1981 and November 2020. Based on the selected literature, we identified factors related to burnout. We aggregated these factors into a comprehensible list and assigned them to overarching categories. Then, we assigned the factors to the dimensions of an extended model of health and disease. Results: We identified a total of 40 burnout-related factors and 10 overarching categories. Our results show that in addition to biological, psychological, and socio-environmental factors, various factors that can be assigned to a spiritual and work cultural dimension also play an important role in the onset of burnout. Conclusion: An extended bio-psycho-socio-spirito-cultural model is necessary to describe the pathogenesis of burnout. Therefore, future studies should also focus on spiritual and work cultural factors when investigating burnout. Furthermore, these factors should not be neglected in future developments of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian W. Listopad
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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Sandoval-Reyes J, Restrepo-Castro JC, Duque-Oliva J. Work Intensification and Psychological Detachment: The Mediating Role of Job Resources in Health Service Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12228. [PMID: 34831983 PMCID: PMC8624283 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Psychological detachment is the central experience of recovery from work-related stress that allows individuals to reduce burnout symptoms. The stressor-detachment model (SDM) contends that job resources moderate the relationship between job stressors and psychological detachment. We designed an instrument to measure job resources from a multidimensional perspective. A sample of n = 394 individuals from the health service industry participated in the study. Data indicate that job resources comprise a four-factor structure underlying a formative model. Consistent with the SDM, a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis suggests a moderating effect of job resources (e.g., control over working conditions, leaders' emotional support), between work intensification and psychological detachment. In addition; results indicate that workers who perceive high levels of support from their organization achieved higher levels of detachment compared with those who perceived low levels of support. Theoretical as well as practical implications for stress management practices, occupational health, and well-being are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sandoval-Reyes
- Departamento de Psicología Social y las Organizaciones, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250001, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Restrepo-Castro
- Departamento de Evaluación e Intervención Psicológica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250001, Colombia;
| | - Jair Duque-Oliva
- Escuela de Administración y Contaduría Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
- ESAI Business School, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondon 104135, Ecuador
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The medium matters: Why we need a specific focus on smartphones. INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-PERSPECTIVES ON SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/iop.2021.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zolg S, Heiden B, Herbig B. Digitally connected work and its consequences for strain - a systematic review. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:42. [PMID: 34551792 PMCID: PMC8456588 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evolving digitization has an impact not only on the organization of work, but also on the health of employees. Dealing with new technologies, integrating new processes and requirements into work, and restructuring tasks among others are demands that can be stressful and impair health. Objectives Our aim was to identify (clusters of) working conditions associated with digitally connected work and to analyze their relations with strain, that is, health and well-being outcomes. Methods Between May and October 2019, a search string was used to systematically search six databases (EMBASE, Medline, PSYNDEX, PsycInfo, SocIndex, WISO) for German and English texts according to the PEO scheme. The methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Design. Results 14 studies were identified. Despite the search string containing latest technologies, we identified mostly studies from the 1980s/90s. To aggregate findings, a categorization of work factors (cognitive demands, social factors, organizational factors, environmental factors) and health factors (motivation/satisfaction, reduced well-being/affective symptoms, physiological parameters/somatic complaints) is introduced. The most frequently identified work factors belong to the category of cognitive demands. For health factors, motivation/satisfaction was identified most often. 475 associations were found in total. Conclusions This systematic review provides an overview of work and health factors that have been studied between 1981 and 2019. Recent texts frequently study individualized health factors (e.g., life satisfaction) whereas objective physiological measurement data and objective survey methods such as workplace analysis are not used. This latter approach was predominantly found in the older studies. In order to obtain a comprehensive picture, however, it is worthwhile to use a combination of these subjective and objective approaches for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Zolg
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemsensstr.5, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Barbara Heiden
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemsensstr.5, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Britta Herbig
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemsensstr.5, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Defrag and reboot? Consolidating information and communication technology research in I-O psychology. INDUSTRIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-PERSPECTIVES ON SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/iop.2021.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSeveral decades of research have addressed the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology. However, segmented research streams with myriad terminologies run the risk of construct proliferation and lack an integrated theoretical justification of the contributions of ICT concepts. Therefore, by identifying important trends and reflecting on key constructs, findings, and theories, our review seeks to determine whether a compelling case can be made for the uniqueness of ICT-related concepts in studying employee and performance in I-O psychology. Two major themes emerge from our review of the ICT literature: (a) a technology behavior perspective and (b) a technology experience perspective. The technology behavior perspective with three subcategories (the “where” of work design, the “when” of work extension, and the “what” of work inattention) explores how individual technology use can be informative for predicting employee well-being and performance. The technology experience perspective theme with two subcategories (the “how” of ICT appraisals and “why” of motives) emphasizes unique psychological (as opposed to behavioral) experiences arising from the technological work context. Based on this review, we outline key challenges of current ICT research perspectives and opportunities for further enhancing our understanding of technological implications for individual workers and organizations.
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Ellahi A, Javed Y, Begum S, Mushtaq R, Rehman M, Rehman HM. Bedtime Smart Phone Usage and Its Effects on Work-Related Behaviour at Workplace. Front Psychol 2021; 12:698413. [PMID: 34484046 PMCID: PMC8416429 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.698413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The over usage and over dependency on digital devices, like smartphones, has been considered as a growing international epidemic. The increased dependency on gadgets, especially smartphones for personal and official uses, has also brought many detrimental effects on individual users. Hence it is vital to understand the negative effects of smartphone usage on human. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of bedtime smartphone usage on work performances, interpersonal conflicts, and work engagement, via the mediating role of sleep quality among employees. Using a cross-sectional study design, a questionnaire-based field survey was conducted on 315 employees who participated as respondents. The results confirmed the negative effects of bedtime smartphone usage on sleep quality. Along with it, the effects of sleep quality on work performances, work engagements and interpersonal conflicts were also proven to be statistically significant. Regarding the mediating role of sleep quality, it was empirically evident that sleep quality mediates the relationship between bedtime smartphone usage with work performances and interpersonal conflicts. The findings revealed that bedtime smartphone usage reduces sleep quality among the employees, resulting in lower work performances and engagements while contributing to higher interpersonal conflicts. The findings concluded that smartphone usage before sleep increases the prospects of employees to be less productive, less engaged, and have more workplace conflicts. The findings warrant the continued managerial as well as academic research attention, as the smartphones are now used by many organisations to run businesses as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abida Ellahi
- Department of Management Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Javed
- Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samina Begum
- Department of Management Sciences, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Mushtaq
- School of Management Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mobashar Rehman
- Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Tunku Abdul Rahman University, Kampar, Malaysia
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Siegenthaler P, Ort A, Fahr A. The influence of valence shifts in fear appeals on message processing and behavioral intentions: A moderated mediation model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255113. [PMID: 34473710 PMCID: PMC8412313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Newer approaches in health communication research indicate that understanding the flow of emotional experiences during exposure to fear appeals can clarify their persuasive effects. In a laboratory experiment, the impact of valence shifts during exposure to fear appeals on determinants of health-relevant behaviors were examined. Continuous response measurement allowed gathering real-time data about participants' experiences of valence shifts during exposure. Among the results, a shift from negative to positive valence promoted efficacy perceptions but only for people being personally affected by the health issue. Perceived efficacy, in turn, increased intentions to put recommended behaviors into practice. This suggests that inducing positive valence shifts in health messages improves their effectiveness, especially for relevant target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perina Siegenthaler
- Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Ort
- Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Fahr
- Department of Communication and Media Research, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Brauner C, Wöhrmann AM, Michel A. Work availability types and well-being in Germany – a latent class analysis among a nationally representative sample. WORK AND STRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2021.1969475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Brauner
- Department Changing World of Work, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
- Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne M. Wöhrmann
- Department Changing World of Work, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexandra Michel
- Department Changing World of Work, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Dortmund, Germany
- Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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