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Owsienko D, Goppelt L, Hierl K, Schäfer L, Croy I, Loos HM. Body odor samples from infants and post-pubertal children differ in their volatile profiles. Commun Chem 2024; 7:53. [PMID: 38514840 PMCID: PMC10957943 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Body odors change during development, and this change influences the interpersonal communication between parents and their children. The molecular basis for this chemical communication has not been elucidated yet. Here, we show by combining instrumental and sensory analyses that the qualitative odorant composition of body odor samples is similar in infants (0-3 years) and post-pubertal children (14-18 years). The post-pubertal samples are characterized by higher odor dilution factors for carboxylic acids and by the presence of 5α-androst-16-en-3-one and 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol. In addition to the olfaction-guided approach, the compounds 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one (6MHO), geranyl acetone (GA) and squalene (SQ) were quantified. Both age groups have similar concentrations of 6MHO and GA, whereas post-pubertal children tend to have higher concentration of SQ. In conclusion, sexual maturation coincides with changes to body odor chemical composition. Whether those changes explain differences in parental olfactory perception needs to be determined in future studies with model odors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Owsienko
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Goppelt
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katharina Hierl
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Schäfer
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Helene M Loos
- Chair of Aroma and Smell Research, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Freising, Germany.
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Myers T, Bouslimani A, Huang S, Hansen ST, Clavaud C, Azouaoui A, Ott A, Gueniche A, Bouez C, Zheng Q, Aguilar L, Knight R, Moreau M, Song SJ. A multi-study analysis enables identification of potential microbial features associated with skin aging signs. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 4:1304705. [PMID: 38362046 PMCID: PMC10868648 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1304705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: During adulthood, the skin microbiota can be relatively stable if environmental conditions are also stable, yet physiological changes of the skin with age may affect the skin microbiome and its function. The microbiome is an important factor to consider in aging since it constitutes most of the genes that are expressed on the human body. However, severity of specific aging signs (one of the parameters used to measure "apparent" age) and skin surface quality (e.g., texture, hydration, pH, sebum, etc.) may not be indicative of chronological age. For example, older individuals can have young looking skin (young apparent age) and young individuals can be of older apparent age. Methods: Here we aim to identify microbial taxa of interest associated to skin quality/aging signs using a multi-study analysis of 13 microbiome datasets consisting of 16S rRNA amplicon sequence data and paired skin clinical data from the face. Results: We show that there is a negative relationship between microbiome diversity and transepidermal water loss, and a positive association between microbiome diversity and age. Aligned with a tight link between age and wrinkles, we report a global positive association between microbiome diversity and Crow's feet wrinkles, but with this relationship varying significantly by sub-study. Finally, we identify taxa potentially associated with wrinkles, TEWL and corneometer measures. Discussion: These findings represent a key step towards understanding the implication of the skin microbiota in skin aging signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Myers
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Shi Huang
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shalisa T. Hansen
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cécile Clavaud
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | | | - Alban Ott
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | | | - Charbel Bouez
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
| | - Qian Zheng
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
| | - Luc Aguilar
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Magali Moreau
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Clark, NJ, United States
- L’Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Se Jin Song
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Goh CF. Diversity of Asian skin: A review on skin biophysical properties. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14959. [PMID: 37864434 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Asian is home to dozens of different ethnic groups that are characterised by fascinating social and cultural variations. Unfortunately, existing literature on the skin properties of Asians tends to group this diverse population solely based on skin colour, perpetuating the misconception and stereotype that all Asian skin is the same. While Asia is one of the largest continents in the world, the difference in the geographical location and climate have long shaped the population into various ethnic groups with significant differences in the collective and diverse customs, traditions, cultures and living habits. The diverse ethnic groups in this region hint us that their skin biophysical characteristics can be very different from each other. This review features the profiling of the distinctive skin biophysical properties of Asians. We learn more about the different ethnic groups in Asia and acknowledge the unique skin biophysical properties even from the same country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Fu Goh
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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4
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Vergnaud H, Cherel M, Francois G, Charton Z, Loescher E, Caisey L, Gazano G. Lip color measurement: A new hyperspectral imaging device. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13418. [PMID: 37632193 PMCID: PMC10410235 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The lips are of significant interest among the facial features for self-perception and social interactions. Such perceptions could rely in part upon the contrast in color between the lips and the surrounding skin. In contrast to skin color, lip color ethnic diversity measurement provides a challenge and is less documented in the literature, most likely due primarily to challenges in measurement based upon the lip characteristics of size and contour. Accurate measurement and reproduction of lip color are essential to build strong cross-sectional knowledge about lip color. OBJECTIVE This preliminary experiment of a large-scale project on lip and skin color was designed to assess accuracy in lip color measurement and recommend instruments and protocols for good measurement practice. METHODS The study involved 19 healthy French Caucasian women. Their inferior and superior natural lip color was measured twice with three devices in order to extract the standard colorimetric parameters of lightness (L*), chroma (C*), and hue (h): the VISIA-CR® (high-resolution digital camera, Canfield Scientific Inc.); the spectrophotometer VS3200 (45°:0° spectrophotometer, MetaVue™ VS3200, X-Rite Inc.); and the SpectraFace® (new hyperspectral imaging system, Newtone Technologies). The intercomparison and color distribution between the different instruments and the measurement repeatability of each one were assessed. RESULTS Our results showed a reliable and equivalent repeatability for the three tested instruments. Moreover, the three tools led to the same conclusion regarding lip color heterogeneity (lighter, redder, less yellow and more saturated inferior lip versus superior lip). Agreement between the SpectraFace® and the spectrophotometer measurements was higher, and the SpectraFace® allowed to identify three separated lip color typologies. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the combination of imaging technology and hyperspectral measurement makes the SpectraFace® a useful tool to investigate lip color characterization and establish a large-scale cross-sectional knowledge study about lip color.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zoé Charton
- MCI DepartmentLVMH RechercheNeuilly sur SeineFrance
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5
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Park EH, Jo DJ, Jeon HW, Na SJ. Effects of winter indoor environment on the skin: Unveiling skin condition changes in Korea. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13397. [PMID: 37357654 PMCID: PMC10264749 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Korea, winter can cause skin dryness due to low relative humidity (RH); moreover, indoor heating devices promote moisture loss and air pollution. If dryness persists, dead skin cells accumulate, leading to skin problems; therefore, careful skin care is required. This study aimed to compare changes in skin conditions when exposed to an indoor environment for a short period of 6 h in winter, and to suggest proper winter skin care practices. METHODS A randomized, split-face clinical study was conducted in which healthy female participants with normal skin were exposed to an indoor environment with a heater turned on for a short period at least 6 h per day in the winter season, and cream was applied to one side of the face. Skin temperature, hydration, sebum, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), elasticity, texture, pores, redness, and wrinkles were measured at the treated and nontreated sites. RESULTS After 6 h of exposure, skin temperature, pores, roughness, redness, and wrinkles significantly increased (p < 0.05) on the face, whereas TEWL significantly increased on the forearm (p < 0.05). However, sebum secretion appeared to function as a barrier to maintain homeostasis in the facial skin. Elasticity, pores, texture, and wrinkles in the cream-treated ceramide site improved compared to those in the nontreated site (p < 0.05). The moisture content was also significantly higher in the forearm (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Changes in skin parameters of participants with healthy skin were observed even after short-term exposure to an indoor environment in winter. Creams containing ceramide maintain skin homeostasis and protect the skin barrier; therefore, it is recommended to use such creams to prevent skin damage and maintain healthy skin, particularly during prolonged exposure to indoor environments during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Park
- Research instituteCelltem Pharm Co., Ltd.SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Da Jung Jo
- Research instituteCelltem Pharm Co., Ltd.SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hyo Won Jeon
- Research instituteCelltem Pharm Co., Ltd.SeoulSouth Korea
| | - Seong Jin Na
- Research instituteCelltem Pharm Co., Ltd.SeoulSouth Korea
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Géhin C, Tokarska J, Fowler SJ, Barran PE, Trivedi DK. No skin off your back: the sampling and extraction of sebum for metabolomics. Metabolomics 2023; 19:21. [PMID: 36964290 PMCID: PMC10038389 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sebum-based metabolomics (a subset of "sebomics") is a developing field that involves the sampling, identification, and quantification of metabolites found in human sebum. Sebum is a lipid-rich oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands onto the skin surface for skin homeostasis, lubrication, thermoregulation, and environmental protection. Interest in sebomics has grown over the last decade due to its potential for rapid analysis following non-invasive sampling for a range of clinical and environmental applications. OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of various sebum sampling techniques with their associated challenges. To evaluate applications of sebum for clinical research, drug monitoring, and human biomonitoring. To provide a commentary of the opportunities of using sebum as a diagnostic biofluid in the future. METHODS Bibliometric analyses of selected keywords regarding skin surface analysis using the Scopus search engine from 1960 to 2022 was performed on 12th January 2023. The published literature was compartmentalised based on what the work contributed to in the following areas: the understanding about sebum, its composition, the analytical technologies used, or the purpose of use of sebum. The findings were summarised in this review. RESULTS Historically, about 15 methods of sampling have been used for sebum collection. The sample preparation approaches vary depending on the analytes of interest and are summarised. The use of sebum is not limited to just skin diseases or drug monitoring but also demonstrated for other systemic disease. Most of the work carried out for untargeted analysis of metabolites associated with sebum has been in the recent two decades. CONCLUSION Sebum has a huge potential beyond skin research and understanding how one's physiological state affects or reflects on the skin metabolome via the sebaceous glands itself or by interactions with sebaceous secretion, will open doors for simpler biomonitoring. Sebum acts as a sink to environmental metabolites and has applications awaiting to be explored, such as biosecurity, cross-border migration, localised exposure to harmful substances, and high-throughput population screening. These applications will be possible with rapid advances in volatile headspace and lipidomics method development as well as the ability of the metabolomics community to annotate unknown species better. A key issue with skin surface analysis that remains unsolved is attributing the source of the metabolites found on the skin surface before meaningful biological interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Géhin
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - J Tokarska
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - S J Fowler
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P E Barran
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - D K Trivedi
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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Effect of seasonal change on the biomechanical and physical properties of the human skin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 127:105058. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Impact of Water Exposure and Temperature Changes on Skin Barrier Function. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020298. [PMID: 35053992 PMCID: PMC8778033 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency of hand hygiene has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is little evidence regarding the impact of water exposure and temperature on skin. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of water exposure and temperature on skin barrier function in healthy individuals. A prospective observational study was conducted. Temperature, pH, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema and stratum corneum hydration (SCH) were measured objectively before and after hot- and cold-water exposure and TempTest® (Microcaya TempTest, Bilbao, Spain) contact. Fifty healthy volunteers were enrolled. Hot-water exposure increased TEWL (25.75 vs. 58.58 g·h-1·m-2), pH (6.33 vs. 6.65) and erythema (249.45 vs. 286.34 AU). Cold-water immersion increased TEWL (25.75 vs. 34.96 g·h-1·m-2) and pH (6.33 vs. 6.62). TEWL (7.99 vs. 9.98 g·h-1·m-2) and erythema (209.07 vs. 227.79 AU) increased after being in contact with the hot region (44 °C) of the TempTest. No significant differences were found after contact with the cold region (4 °C) of the TempTest. In conclusion, long and continuous water exposure damages skin barrier function, with hot water being even more harmful. It would be advisable to use cold or lukewarm water for handwashing and avoid hot water. Knowing the proper temperature for hand washing might be an important measure to prevent flares in patients with previous inflammatory skin diseases on their hands.
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Could Modifying the Skin Microbiome, Diet, and Lifestyle Help with the Adverse Skin Effects after Stopping Long-Term Topical Steroid Use? ALLERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/allergies2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We set up this preliminary study to begin to evaluate one main question: could strengthening the microbiome have potential benefits for the skin condition of patients suffering with adverse effects after stopping long-term topical steroid use? We aim to turn it into a much larger study if the results show the interventions might help. After commonly being prescribed for eczema, cessation of topical steroid use, especially after long periods of inappropriate use, can leave lasting adverse effects on the body and skin, known by some as topical steroid withdrawal (TSW). This preliminary study involved seven human participants suffering with skin problems associated with TSW who approached Dr. Anja Gijsberts-Veens of their own volition because they were interested in more natural recovery methods. Five completed the study in full. Progress in skin condition was tracked by self-assessed symptom severity questionnaires filled out at the beginning and end of the five-month study. The skin microbiome was addressed by using a 100% natural product shown in previous work to significantly increase skin microbiome biodiversity. Three participants implemented dietary changes and supplementation in response to guidance after fecal sample analysis, with the aim of improving gut microbiome health. The average improvement in skin symptoms for all participants was 40%, and average symptom improvement ranged from 14% for Patient 5 to 92% for Patient 1. On average, the participants saw an improvement in 85% of their symptoms and stagnation or regression in 11% and 4%, respectively. Our results suggest that the interventions used might improve the skin condition of TSW patients, but the small sample size and the lack of a control group mean that more definitive conclusions should be reserved for our follow-up work, which addresses these issues. We also aim to swab the skin of participants to assess the effect on the skin microbiome from skin and gut treatments, as well as including a more in-depth analysis of skin and gut microbiomes.
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Flament F, Galliano A, Abric A, Matoschitz CM, Bammer M, Kampus M, Kanda-Diwidi D, Chibout S, Cassier M, Delaunay C. Skin moisture assessment using Hydration Sensor Patches coupled with smartphones via Near Field Communication (NFC). A pilot study with the first generation of patches that allow self-recordings of skin hydration. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:959-965. [PMID: 33998713 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the potency of a new skin hydration sensor patch in the fast self-recording of skin hydration. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Skin Hydration Sensor Patch (SHSP) turns the user's smartphone into a wireless skin moisture measuring device. The SHSP combines a capacitive measurement unit and Near Field Communication technology (NFC) for transmitting data and energy. The probe is fixed onto the back of the smartphone and pressed to the skin for a few seconds where the application immediately calculates the capacitance value. Once recorded, the probe is then immediately taken off from the skin. In a first study, this system was compared to the Corneometer® technique, in vivo, on various skin sites of 23 healthy French women. In a second study, 20 women with moderate dry skin on face and forearm self-recorded, through the SHSP the changes in skin hydration induced by a Xanthan gel containing 3% (w/w) of Glycerol, along 24 hours. A questionnaire based on 5 types of questions was established to be filled by subjects about their perception of the use of this new system. RESULTS In the first study, the values recorded by the SHSP were found highly correlated with those provided by the Corneometer® . The second study allowed to observe significant differences in skin hydration of both sites at all times, as compared to values obtained before the application of the gel. Differences between both sites were observed, the face being less hydrated than forearm. From a practical aspect, the self-recordings on the face show a higher variability (approx. 10% than those of the forearm). The questionnaire led to positive answers on almost all points. CONCLUSION This SHSP appears as a promising approach in the field of connected skin-related devices. As such, it opens or enlarges a new paradigm in the relationships between a consumer and a cosmetic product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Manfred Bammer
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
| | - Miha Kampus
- USP Indicator Solutions, Klagenfurt, Austria
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Zhang Y, Jiang R, Kezele I, Flament F, Elmozino E, Zhang J, Ye C, Amar D, Coquide J, Dwivedi S, Sarda-Dutilh L, Arcin V, Aarabi P. A new procedure, free from human assessment, that automatically grades some facial skin signs in men from selfie pictures. Application to changes induced by a severe aerial chronic urban pollution. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 42:185-197. [PMID: 31971257 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE These were two folds: at first, to develop an automatic grading system specifically dedicated to some facial signs of men, similar to the one previously validated on women of different ethnic ancestry and second, to assess its potential in detecting and grading the possible impacts of a severe aerial urban pollution on some facial signs of Chinese men. METHODS In both studies, selfie images were obtained from differently aged men. Nine facial signs were automatically graded through a specific A.I-based algorithm and clinically assessed by a panel of experts and dermatologists. Selfie pictures were taken from individual smartphones of variable optical properties. The first study, designed for developing an automatic grading system, involved three comparable cohorts of men from three different regional ancestries (African, Asian, Caucasian, 110 each) the selfie images of which were acquired under four different lighting conditions. As a second use case study, the facial signs of two cohorts of Chinese men (101 and 100, each), differently aged, regularly exposed to very different aerial urban pollution conditions (UP) were analysed by the same algorithm, selfies being taken under only one lighting condition. RESULTS -The new automatic grading system of facial signs suits well to men, showing comparable results than that the one dedicated to women and provides data in close agreement with experts' assessments. -In both cases (expert's or automatic methodology), the accuracy of the scores appeared ethnic-dependent. -The applied case confirmed previous results obtained clinically, that is, that many facial signs were found of an increased severity among men exposed to a severe urban pollution, as compared to those living in a less polluted city. -In both studies, statistical agreements between the automatic grading system and expert's assessments were reached. In some facial signs, the automatic grading system seems offering a slightly better accuracy than the assessments made by the experts. CONCLUSION Apart from some minor limitations, this A.I-based automatic grading system, free from human intervention, performed as well as the one previously developed in women, in close agreement with expert's assessments. In epidemiological studies, this system offers an easy, fast, affordable and confidential approach in the detection and quantification of male facial signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Jiang
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
| | - I Kezele
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
| | - F Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Clichy, France
| | - E Elmozino
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
| | - J Zhang
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
| | - C Ye
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Shanghai, China
| | - D Amar
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Shanghai, China
| | - J Coquide
- L'Oréal CDO - Digital Service Factory, Clichy, France
| | - S Dwivedi
- L'Oréal CDO - Digital Service Factory, Clichy, France
| | | | - V Arcin
- L'Oréal CDO - Digital Service Factory, Clichy, France
| | - P Aarabi
- ModiFace - A L'Oréal Group Company, Toronto, Canada
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Meng H, Lin W, Dong Y, Li L, Yi F, Meng Q, Li Y, He Y. Statistical analysis of age-related skin parameters. Technol Health Care 2021; 29:65-76. [PMID: 33682746 PMCID: PMC8150483 DOI: 10.3233/thc-218007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the increasing interest in human anti-aging, demand for a higher quality of life, and technological advancement, the development of anti-aging skincare has great market prospects. Most cosmetic companies develop products driven by the market or focus on the mechanism of action of substances and the behavior of skin; however, little research utilizes skin parameters and large data methodology to develop skincare products. OBJECTIVE To instruct consumers to purchase skincare products and to guide skincare research toward the development of customer-targeted products. METHODS A total of 815 Chinese subjects (83 male; 732 female) from five different cities were included. We measured 14 indices in each subject, including moisture, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and sebum levels. We performed multiple regression analysis to understand the relationship between skin indices and aging; a novel approach is shown using the R software. RESULTS The exact age at which changes in each skin index occurred could be demonstrated by this method of analysis: 39, 38, 48, 46, and 56 years old with respect to the L value, Melanin, Rt, Rm, and Rz, respectively. CONCLUSION With the use of statistical analysis, consumers can be more efficiently targeted and choose suitable products considering particular skin parameter changing points; thus, skincare companies will not only meet customer requirements but also better control budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Meng
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Weixuan Lin
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yinmao Dong
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qingyang Meng
- Shanghai Pechion Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 20000, China
| | - Yue Li
- Beijing International Studies University (BISU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yifan He
- Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Khmaladze I, Leonardi M, Fabre S, Messaraa C, Mavon A. The Skin Interactome: A Holistic "Genome-Microbiome-Exposome" Approach to Understand and Modulate Skin Health and Aging. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 13:1021-1040. [PMID: 33380819 PMCID: PMC7769076 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s239367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Higher demands on skin care cosmetic products for strong performance drive intense research to understand the mechanisms of skin aging and design strategies to improve overall skin health. Today we know that our needs and influencers of skin health and skin aging change throughout our life journey due to both extrinsic factors, such as environmental factors and lifestyle factors, as well as our intrinsic factors. Furthermore, we need to consider our microflora, a collection of micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which is a living ecosystem in our gut and on our skin, that can have a major impact on our health. Here, we are viewing a holistic approach to understand the collective effect of the key influencers of skin health and skin aging both reviewing how each of them impact the skin, but more importantly to identify molecular conjunction pathways of these different factors in order to get a better understanding of the integrated “genome-microbiome-exposome” effect. For this purpose and in order to translate molecularly the impact of the key influencers of skin health and skin aging, we built a digital model based on system biology using different bioinformatics tools. This model is considering both the positive and negative impact of our genome (genes, age/gender), exposome: external (sun, pollution, climate) and lifestyle factors (sleep, stress, exercise, nutrition, skin care routine), as well as the role of our skin microbiome, and allowed us in a first application to evaluate the effect of the genome in the synthesis of collagen in the skin and the determination of a suitable target for boosting pro-collagen synthesis. In conclusion, we have, through our digital holistic approach, defined the skin interactome concept, as an advanced tool to better understand the molecular genesis of skin aging and further develop a strategy to balance the influence of the exposome and microbiome to protect, prevent, and delay the appearance of skin aging signs and preserve good skin health condition. In addition, this model will aid in identifying and optimizing skin treatment options based on external triggers, as well as helping to design optimal treatments modulating the intrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ia Khmaladze
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michele Leonardi
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fabre
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyril Messaraa
- Research and Development, Oriflame Cosmetics Ltd, Bray, Ireland
| | - Alain Mavon
- Skin Research Institute, Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Pan Y, Ma X, Zhao J, Yan S, Liu Q, Zhao H. The Interaction of Age and Anatomical Region Influenced Skin Biophysical Characteristics of Chinese Women. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:911-926. [PMID: 33324083 PMCID: PMC7732761 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s286402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing is an inevitable physiology process of humans, and skin biophysical parameters change owing to genetic and environmental factors in different ethnic populations. AIM To gain comprehensive data on the skin biophysical parameters of different anatomical regions and to explore the change trend of the skin characteristics associated with age for the indicated regions by generalized additive model. METHODS We measured various skin biophysical parameters on forehead, cheek, chin and inner forearm of 178 Chinese women aged between 20 and 64 years living in Beijing. These parameters comprised skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum content, erythema index (EI), melanin index (MI), L*a*b* values, individual typology angle (ITA) and pH, which were quantified by non-invasive instruments. RESULTS Comparing the skin parameters among the four test areas, we observed that the hydration, TEWL, EI and a* values were significantly higher for the face than for the forearm, but the L* and ITA values were just the opposite. The cheek was the lightest and brightest region with lowest sebum content, while the chin was much darker and the forehead was yellowish. Considering the change of the skin parameters with age, TEWL, sebum content and melanin and erythema indices had a linear relationship with age, whereas skin hydration, L, a, b, ITA and pH values exhibited a non-monotonic relationship. The turning points of these curves appeared almost at the thirties, showing the lightest and evenest skin color and more hydration, with lower pH values. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the skin biophysical characteristics of Chinese women were significantly affected by age and body regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Pan
- Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Ma
- Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Yan
- Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Beijing EWISH Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing100142, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Cosmetics, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Research and Development, Beijing100048, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Dolečková I, Čápová A, Machková L, Moravčíková S, Marešová M, Velebný V. Seasonal variations in the skin parameters of Caucasian women from Central Europe. Skin Res Technol 2020; 27:358-369. [PMID: 33084174 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human skin is greatly affected by external factors such as UV radiation (UVR), ambient temperature (T), and air humidity. These factors oscillate during the year giving rise to the seasonal variations in the skin properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seasons, environmental T, relative and absolute humidity on the skin parameters of Caucasian women, perform a literature review and discuss the possible factors lying behind the found changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured stratum corneum (SC) hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum level, erythema index, and elasticity parameters R2 and R7 on the forehead and the cheek of Caucasian women from the Czech Republic throughout the year. We also performed a non-systematic literature review focused on the seasonal variations in these skin parameters. RESULTS We confirmed a well-documented low SC hydration and sebum production in winter. In spring, we found the lowest TEWL (on the forehead) and the highest SC hydration but also the highest erythema index and the lowest elasticity presumably indicating skin photodamage. For most of the skin parameters, the seasonal variations probably arise due to a complex action of different factors as we extensively discussed. CONCLUSION The data about the seasonal variations in the skin parameters are still highly inconsistent and further studies are needed for better understanding of the normal skin changes throughout the year.
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Yang J, Tu Y, Man MQ, Zhang Y, Cha Y, Fan X, Wang Z, Zeng Z, He L. Seasonal variations of epidermal biophysical properties in Kunming, China: A self-controlled cohort study. Skin Res Technol 2020; 26:702-707. [PMID: 32196767 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal biophysical properties can be affected by many factors, including body site, age, gender, ethnicity, disease, temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Information about variation of epidermal biophysical properties with seasons is still limited. In the present study, we determined seasonal variation of epidermal biophysical properties of women in Kunming, China. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 72 women, aged 22.96 ± 2.11 years, were enrolled in this study. Transepidermal water loss rates (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, sebum content, melanin index (MI), erythema index (EI), and L*a* values were measured on the right cheek and the right forearm, using a non-invasive skin physiological instrument in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter in Kunming, China. RESULTS On the cheek, TEWL, SC hydration, sebum, MI, and L*a* values varied greatly with seasons (P < .05). SC hydration, sebum, MI, and a*value peaked in the summer, but went lowest in winter. In contrast, TEWL and L*value went lowest in summer but peaked in winter. Similarly, SC hydration, MI, and L*value also varied with seasons on the forearm (P < .05). In addition, SC hydration, sebum, MI, EI, and a*value of the cheek were higher than that of the forearm (P < .001), but L*values of the cheek were lower than that of the forearm (P < .001). There were no correlations among TEWL and MI, EI, and L*a*values in any season (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Both epidermal permeability barrier function, sebum, and skin pigment in healthy women vary seasons in Kunming, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yusi Cha
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoqing Fan
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zixun Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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de Assis LVM, Moraes MN, Castrucci AMDL. The molecular clock in the skin, its functionality, and how it is disrupted in cutaneous melanoma: a new pharmacological target? Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3801-3826. [PMID: 31222374 PMCID: PMC11105295 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the interface between the organism and the external environment, acting as its first barrier. Thus, this organ is constantly challenged by physical stimuli such as UV and infrared radiation, visible light, and temperature as well as chemicals and pathogens. To counteract the deleterious effects of the above-mentioned stimuli, the skin has complex defense mechanisms such as: immune and neuroendocrine systems; shedding of epidermal squamous layers and apoptosis of damaged cells; DNA repair; and pigmentary system. Here we have reviewed the current knowledge regarding which stimuli affect the molecular clock of the skin, the consequences to skin-related biological processes and, based on such knowledge, we suggest some therapeutic targets. We also explored the recent advances regarding the molecular clock disruption in melanoma, its impact on the carcinogenic process, and its therapeutic value in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vinícius Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Maria Nathalia Moraes
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
- School of Health Science, University Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, R. do Matão, Trav. 14, No. 101, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil.
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Kwon S, Yang JH, Shin J, Park K, Huh C, Na J. Efficacy of liposome‐encapsulated 4‐n‐butylresorcinol and resveratrol cream in the treatment of melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:891-895. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soon‐Hyo Kwon
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Yang
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
| | - Jung‐Won Shin
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
| | - Kyoung‐Chan Park
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
| | - Chang‐Hun Huh
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
| | - Jung‐Im Na
- Department of Dermatology Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Korea
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19
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Kim S, Park J, Yeon Y, Han J, Kim E. Influence of exposure to summer environments on skin properties. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:2192-2196. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kim
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
| | - J.W. Park
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
| | - Y. Yeon
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
| | - J.Y. Han
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
| | - E. Kim
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center Yongin‐si Gyeonggi‐do Korea
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20
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Yuki K, Kawano S, Mori S, Murase T. Facial application of high-concentration carbon dioxide prevents epidermal impairment associated with environmental changes. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:63-69. [PMID: 30666144 PMCID: PMC6330978 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s183764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The transdermal application of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas dissolved in a solution and bathing in carbonated springs have been known to improve circulatory disorders. We aimed to elucidate and profile the effects of CO2 application on local skin function. Patients and methods A liquid formulation that included high-concentration CO2 or a control formulation was applied to the face of healthy men for 8 weeks. Quantitative analysis was performed during the dry winter months. Results At the site where the control formulation was applied, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) increased while the moisturizing function (conductance) of facial skin decreased during the study period. However, at the CO2-treated site, increases in TEWL and decreases in conductance were significantly suppressed. In addition, the deterioration in scaliness and wrinkles parameters were suppressed by ≥40% at the CO2-treated site. There were no significant differences in skin surface pH or color properties between the control and test sites. Conclusion This study suggests that the continuous application of a high-concentration CO2 formulation can affect skin physiology and has the potential to suppress reductions in the barrier and moisturizing functions of the stratum corneum accompanied by desquamation, which occurs during the winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyuki Yuki
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan,
| | - Sawako Kawano
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan,
| | - Shinobu Mori
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan,
| | - Takatoshi Murase
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, Japan,
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21
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Xie X, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Lv Y, Hu R, Zhu K, Liu C, Lai W, Guan L. Characteristic features of neck skin aging in Chinese women. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 17:935-944. [PMID: 30160008 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neck skin aging is of particular interest to skin scientists and dermatologists because of the increasing demand for neck wrinkle improvement. This study aimed to determine the neck aging features of Chinese women and to investigate the clinical alterations and mechanical, topographical, and biophysical properties of neck skin. METHODS A total of 450 Chinese women (age range: 16-66 years) were clinically examined and graded by the same dermatologist using standardized photographs. The skin properties were assessed by noninvasive skin measuring devices. RESULTS The results showed that different neck aging signs, including the horizontal neck fold, neck sagging, hollowing of emaciated neck, platysmal bands, and neck texture, appeared in different ages, and all of them worsened age-dependently since they manifested. The skin elasticity markedly changed before the onset of most of the aging signs and showed a negative correlation with both age and the severity of these signs. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was positively correlated with age, whereas hydration and pH were not significantly correlated with age. We also found that wrinkles (SEw) and average roughness (Ra) were significantly correlated with age. SEw, smoothness, the average depth of roughness (Rz), TEWL, and erythema index were significantly and positively correlated with the severity of the horizontal neck fold, neck sagging, hollowing of emaciated neck, and platysmal bands. CONCLUSION This is the first study to emphasize that age causes diverse changes in Chinese women's neck skin. The changes in skin elasticity may effectively predict neck aging before the onset of most of the neck aging signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Xie
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingting Zeng
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Cosmetics Testing Center, Guangzhou Products Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Guan
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Colomb L, Flament F, Wagle A, Idelcaid Y, Agrawal D. In vivo evaluation of some biophysical parameters of the facial skin of Indian subjects living in Mumbai. Part II: Variability with age and gender. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:141-147. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Colomb
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 188, Rue Paul Hochart 94550 Clichy Ile De France France
| | - F. Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 188, Rue Paul Hochart 94550 Clichy Ile De France France
| | - A. Wagle
- L’Oreal Research and Innovation; 7th Floor Universal Majestic; Ghatkopar - Mankhurd Link Road 400 071 Chembur Mumbai India
| | - Y. Idelcaid
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 188, Rue Paul Hochart 94550 Clichy Ile De France France
| | - D. Agrawal
- L’Oreal Research and Innovation; 7th Floor Universal Majestic; Ghatkopar - Mankhurd Link Road 400 071 Chembur Mumbai India
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23
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Kuwano T, Kawano S, Kagawa D, Yasuda Y, Inoue Y, Murase T. Dietary intake of glucono-δ-lactone attenuates skin inflammation and contributes to maintaining skin condition. Food Funct 2018; 9:1524-1531. [PMID: 29431785 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01548h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Skin properties are influenced by both external (e.g., ultraviolet [UV], chemicals, and bacteria) and internal factors (e.g., nutrition and hormones). Therefore, some dietary supplements are expected to improve skin conditions. Glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) is widely used as a food additive and is naturally present in wine, honey, and other foods. The aim of this study was to assess whether GDL improves skin condition and inflammation. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 40 healthy Japanese male volunteers were randomly assigned to either the GDL (2000 mg day-1) or placebo group. A significant difference was found in the rates of change in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) from the baseline to 6 months between the placebo and GDL groups (P < 0.05). Facial lightness (L*) significantly increased by 1.6% only in the GDL group at 6 months compared with the baseline. The value of the elasticity parameter, Ua/Uf, of dietary GDL significantly increased (6.2% at 2 months and 5.4% at 6 months). Besides these, dietary GDL suppressed UVB-induced erythema (a*) and pigmentation (L*). Dietary GDL has anti-inflammatory effects on the skin and prevents/improves skin disorders caused by seasonal change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kuwano
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
| | - Sawako Kawano
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
| | - Daiji Kagawa
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
| | - Yuka Yasuda
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Murase
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
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24
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Colomb L, Flament F, Wagle A, Agrawal D. In vivo
evaluation of some biophysical parameters of the facial skin of Indian women. Part I: variability with age and geographical locations. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 40:50-57. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Colomb
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 188, Rue Paul Hochart 94550 Paris France
| | - F. Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 188, Rue Paul Hochart 94550 Paris France
| | - A. Wagle
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 7th Floor, Universal Majestic, Ghatkopar - Mankhurd Link Road Chembur Mumbai - 400 071 India
| | - D. Agrawal
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; 7th Floor, Universal Majestic, Ghatkopar - Mankhurd Link Road Chembur Mumbai - 400 071 India
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25
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Flament F, Gautier B, Benize AM, Charbonneau A, Cassier M. Seasonally-induced alterations of some facial signs in Caucasian women and their changes induced by a daily application of a photo-protective product. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:664-675. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Flament
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 188-200 Rue Paul Hochart 94550; Chevilly-Larue France
| | - B. Gautier
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 188-200 Rue Paul Hochart 94550; Chevilly-Larue France
| | - A.-M. Benize
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 188-200 Rue Paul Hochart 94550; Chevilly-Larue France
| | - A. Charbonneau
- Eurosyn, 16; Avenue du Québec - Bât. Muscari - ZA Courtaboeuf; 91140 Villebon-sur-Yvette France
| | - M. Cassier
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 188-200 Rue Paul Hochart 94550; Chevilly-Larue France
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26
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Aging-related changes in the diversity of women's skin microbiomes associated with oral bacteria. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10567. [PMID: 28874721 PMCID: PMC5585242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is associated with changes in cutaneous physiology including interactions with a skin microbial community. A striking alteration and diversification in the skin microbiome with aging was observed between two different age groups of 37 healthy Japanese women, i.e. younger adults of 21–37 years old and older adults of 60–76 years old, using bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The analyses revealed that the alpha diversity/species richness was significantly higher in the older than the younger group for the cheek and forehead microbiomes, while the beta diversity in the overall structure significantly differed particularly for the forearm and scalp microbiomes between the two age groups. Taxonomic profiling showed a striking reduction in the relative abundance of the majority skin genus Propionibacterium in the cheek, forearm and forehead microbiomes of the older adults, and identified 38 species including many oral bacteria that significantly differentiated the two age groups with a skin site dependency. Furthermore, we found chronological age-related and unrelated skin clinical parameters that correlate with the observed changes in the skin microbiome diversity. Thus, our data suggested that the diversification of skin microbiomes in adult women was largely affected by chronological and physiological skin aging in association with oral bacteria.
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Wan M, Hu R, Xie X, Gong Z, Yi J, Chen H, Xie L, Guan X, Guan L, Lai W. Skin Erythema, Pigmentation and Hydration Kinetics after Ultraviolet Radiation-induced Photodamage in Southern Chinese Women. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1276-1281. [PMID: 28294346 DOI: 10.1111/php.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been some studies about changes of skin erythema and pigmentation following ultraviolet radiation in other races, the relevant data in Chinese have never been achieved. Thus, we evaluated the long-time course of skin erythema, pigmentation and hydration changes after different doses of solar-simulated ultraviolet (SSUV) irradiation in 26 Chinese women for 168 days. The erythema index increased abruptly and peaked during 3 days of SSUV exposure, then slowly returned to the baseline level starting at day 7 and completely recovered during 168-day course of this study only in one minimal erythema doses (MED) SSUV irradiation. The melanin index started to slowly increase at day 3 of SSUV exposure, peaking at day 14 and gradually returned to the baseline level thereafter, but did not return to the baseline level during 168-day course in all doses. Skin hydration slowly declined at day 3 of exposure, hitting the lowest point at day 7, then slowly recovered starting at day 14 and completely returned to the baseline level at day 28 only in 1.5MED. These results will serve as baseline data on Chinese skin and provide useful references for the treatment of serious skin photodamage in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaojian Wan
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Xie
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zijian Gong
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinling Yi
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaomin Guan
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Guan
- Skin Research Center, Landproof Testing Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Dermatology & Venerology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Hadi H, Wilkinson CM. Categorizing facial creases: A review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:180-185. [PMID: 28145033 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring uniformity in the nomenclature standardization of facial creases is important to enable the scholarly community to follow and debate the advancements in research. This review highlights the prevailing disparity in the nomenclature that refers to the same facial crease by researchers and laypeople, and suggests uniform names for the facial creases based on available literature. The previous and current trends in facial crease classification are also discussed. The nomenclature of the facial creases considered for this review include the following: the nasolabial fold, corner of the mouth lines, upper and lower lip creases around the mouth region, the mandibular folds, the bifid nose, the transverse nasal line, the vertical glabellar line, chin crease, the mental crease, four type of creases around the eyes, forehead creases, and periauricular creases. A figure illustrating the above facial creases is included as reference. It is hoped that the proposed standardization of nomenclature would ensure a more scientific referencing of facial creases enabling more effective scientific interaction among the scholarly community as well as the laypeople interested in the research and application of facial creases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmi Hadi
- Forensic Science Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Caroline M Wilkinson
- Faculty of Arts Professional and Social Studies, Liverpool School of Art and Design, John Lennon Art and Design Building, Liverpool, UK
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29
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Flament F, Qiu H. Effects of seasonality and a daily photo-protection upon some facial signs of Chinese women. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 39:256-268. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Flament
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 9 Rue Pierre Dreyfus 92110 Clichy France
| | - H. Qiu
- L'Oreal Research and Innovation; 550 Jinyu Road Pudong District Shanghai China
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de Farias Pires T, Azambuja AP, Horimoto ARVR, Nakamura MS, de Oliveira Alvim R, Krieger JE, Pereira AC. A population-based study of the stratum corneum moisture. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016; 9:79-87. [PMID: 27143945 PMCID: PMC4845893 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s88485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stratum corneum (SC) has important functions as a bound-water modulator and a primary barrier of the human skin from the external environment. However, no large epidemiological study has quantified the relative importance of different exposures with regard to these functional properties. In this study, we have studied a large sample of individuals from the Brazilian population in order to understand the different relationships between the properties of SC and a number of demographic and self-perceived variables. METHODS One thousand three hundred and thirty-nine individuals from a rural Brazilian population, who were participants of a family-based study, were submitted to a cross-sectional examination of the SC moisture by capacitance using the Corneometer® CM820 and investigated regarding environmental exposures, cosmetic use, and other physiological and epidemiological measurements. Self-perception-scaled questions about skin conditions were also applied. RESULTS We found significant associations between SC moisture and sex, age, high sun exposure, and sunscreen use frequency (P<0.025). In specific studied sites, self-reported race and obesity were also found to show significant effects. Dry skin self-perception was also found to be highly correlated with the objective measurement of the skin. Other environmental effects on SC moisture are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago de Farias Pires
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Cajamar, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rafael de Oliveira Alvim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Cajamar, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Cajamar, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Cajamar, SP, Brazil
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31
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Engebretsen K, Johansen J, Kezic S, Linneberg A, Thyssen J. The effect of environmental humidity and temperature on skin barrier function and dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:223-49. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K.A. Engebretsen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermato-Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - J.D. Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermato-Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
| | - S. Kezic
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health; Academic Medical Centre; 1105 AZ Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - A. Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health; Glostrup The Capital Region of Denmark Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Glostrup University Hospital; Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J.P. Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre; Department of Dermato-Allergology; Gentofte University Hospital; University of Copenhagen; Hellerup Denmark
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Lefebvre MA, Pham DM, Boussouira B, Qiu H, Ye C, Long X, Chen R, Gu W, Laurent A, Nguyen QL. Consequences of urban pollution upon skin status. A controlled study in Shanghai area. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 38:217-23. [PMID: 26291783 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE After preliminary studies aimed at measuring pertinent biochemical parameters, potentially modified in subjects exposed to bad environmental conditions, a dedicated study was performed in Shanghai city to evaluate the effect of Urban pollution upon human skin and to collect feedback from the volunteers under study. METHODS This study was performed during summer 2008 in two different districts of Shanghai, on 159 local residents: 79 subjects from Xu Jia Hui (a centre Shanghainese area), more exposed to pollution, and 80 subjects from Chong Ming, an agricultural region closely located north of Shanghai (<100 kms) and less exposed to pollution, according to official data. Biochemical parameters were measured on skin, and feedback from volunteers was collected through a graduated 'Likert scale' questionnaire under a point scale (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree and none). RESULTS The study demonstrated significant differences in several biochemical parameters measured in Chong Ming area, as compared to Urban area, with an increased ratio of squalene/lipids, a lower level of lactic acid and a better cohesion of stratum corneum. Both sebum excretion rate and sebum casual levels did not differ between the two districts. The volunteer's feedback evidenced a perceived link between pollution and their skin problems. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a significant impact of the pollution upon the skin status, as illustrated by changes in superficial biochemical parameters and volunteers' perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-A Lefebvre
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, 11-13 rue Dora Mar, 93400, Saint-Ouen, France
| | - D-M Pham
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, 188 rue Paul Hochart BP 553, 94152, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - B Boussouira
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, 188 rue Paul Hochart BP 553, 94152, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - H Qiu
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - C Ye
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - X Long
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - R Chen
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - W Gu
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - A Laurent
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, No. 550 JinYu Rd., Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Q-L Nguyen
- L'Oreal Research & Innovation, 188 rue Paul Hochart BP 553, 94152, Chevilly-Larue, France
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Narin R, Nazik H, Narin MA, Nazik E, Özdemir F, Karabulutlu Ö, Gönenç İM, Attar R, Adıgüzel C, Aytan H. Can different geographic conditions affect the formation of striae gravidarum? A multicentric study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2015; 41:1377-83. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Narin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Numune Training and Research Hospital; Adana Turkey
| | - Hakan Nazik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Numune Training and Research Hospital; Adana Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Narin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Numune Training and Research Hospital; Adana Turkey
| | - Evşen Nazik
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic Nursing, Health School; Çukurova University; Adana Turkey
| | - Funda Özdemir
- Health Science Faculty, Nursing Department; Ankara University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Özlem Karabulutlu
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic Nursing, Health School; Kafkas University; Kars Turkey
| | | | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Yeditepe University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Cevdet Adıgüzel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Numune Training and Research Hospital; Adana Turkey
| | - Hakan Aytan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Mersin University; Mersin Turkey
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Humbert P, Fanian F, Lihoreau T, Jeudy A, Elkhyat A, Robin S, Courderot-Masuyer C, Tauzin H, Lafforgue C, Haftek M. Mécano-Stimulation™ of the skin improves sagging score and induces beneficial functional modification of the fibroblasts: clinical, biological, and histological evaluations. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:387-403. [PMID: 25673979 PMCID: PMC4321566 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s69752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of mechanical tension appears to be the major factor underlying decreased collagen synthesis in aged skin. Numerous in vitro studies have shown the impact of mechanical forces on fibroblasts through mechanotransduction, which consists of the conversion of mechanical signals to biochemical responses. Such responses are characterized by the modulation of gene expression coding not only for extracellular matrix components (collagens, elastin, etc.) but also for degradation enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases [MMPs]) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases [TIMPs]). A new device providing a mechanical stimulation of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue has been used in a simple, blinded, controlled, and randomized study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty subjects (aged between 35 years and 50 years), with clinical signs of skin sagging, were randomly assigned to have a treatment on hemiface. After a total of 24 sessions with Mécano-Stimulation™, biopsies were performed on the treated side and control area for in vitro analysis (dosage of hyaluronic acid, elastin, type I collagen, MMP9; equivalent dermis retraction; GlaSbox(®); n=10) and electron microscopy (n=10). Furthermore, before and after the treatment, clinical evaluations and self-assessment questionnaire were done. RESULTS In vitro analysis showed increases in hyaluronic acid, elastin, type I collagen, and MMP9 content along with an improvement of the migratory capacity of the fibroblasts on the treated side. Electron microscopy evaluations showed a clear dermal remodeling in relation with the activation of fibroblast activity. A significant improvement of different clinical signs associated with skin aging and the satisfaction of the subjects were observed, correlated with an improvement of the sagging cheek. CONCLUSION Mécano-Stimulation is a noninvasive and safe technique delivered by flaps microbeats at various frequencies, which can significantly improve the skin trophicity. Results observed with objective measurements, ie, in vitro assessments and electron microscopy, confirm the firming and restructuring effect clinically observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Humbert
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Ferial Fanian
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Thomas Lihoreau
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Adeline Jeudy
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Ahmed Elkhyat
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | | | | | - Christine Lafforgue
- Research and Studies Center on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, Clinical Investigation Center (CIC 1431), Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France ; INSERM UMR1098, FED4234 IBCT, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France ; Dermopharmacology and Cosmetology Unit, University of Paris Sud, France
| | - Marek Haftek
- University of Lyon 1, EA4169, Experimental, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the skin barrier function, INSERM US7 - CNRS UMS3453, Lyon, France
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35
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Wan MJ, Su XY, Zheng Y, Gong ZJ, Yi JL, Zhao Y, Guan XM, Lai W. Seasonal variability in the biophysical properties of forehead skin in women in Guangzhou City, China. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:1319-24. [PMID: 25557023 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Jian Wan
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Xiang-Yang Su
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zi-Jian Gong
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Jin-Ling Yi
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Xiao-Min Guan
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Dermatology; Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University; Guangzhou China
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36
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Song EJ, Lee JA, Park JJ, Kim HJ, Kim NS, Byun KS, Choi GS, Moon TK. A study on seasonal variation of skin parameters in Korean males. Int J Cosmet Sci 2014; 37:92-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Song
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - J. A. Lee
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - J. J. Park
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - H. J. Kim
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - N. S. Kim
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - K. S. Byun
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
| | - G. S. Choi
- Department of Dermatology; Inha University College of Medicine; Incheon South Korea
| | - T. K. Moon
- Ellead Co., Ltd.; 325, Hwangsaeul-ro Bundang-gu Seongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 463-824 Korea
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37
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Kim EJ, Han JY, Lee HK, He QQ, Cho JC, Wei L, Wang X, Li L, Wei L, Liang H, Gao X, Kim BJ, Nam GW. Effect of the regional environment on the skin properties and the early wrinkles in young Chinese women. Skin Res Technol 2014; 20:498-502. [PMID: 24665994 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Kim
- Skin Research Institute; Amorepacific R&D CENTER; Yongin Korea
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - J. Y. Han
- Skin Research Institute; Amorepacific R&D CENTER; Yongin Korea
| | - H. K. Lee
- Skin Research Institute; Amorepacific R&D CENTER; Yongin Korea
| | - Q. Q. He
- AMORE PACIFIC Shanghai R&I CENTER; Shanghai China
| | - J. C. Cho
- Skin Research Institute; Amorepacific R&D CENTER; Yongin Korea
| | - L. Wei
- Department of Dermatology; the General Hospital of Air Force; Beijing China
| | - X. Wang
- Skin & Cosmetic Research Department; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - L. Li
- Department of Dermato-Venereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - L. Wei
- Department of Dermatology; the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - H. Liang
- Department of Dermatology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - X. Gao
- National Key Department of Dermatology & Venereology; the First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang China
| | - B. J. Kim
- Department of Dermatology; Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - G. W. Nam
- Skin Research Institute; Amorepacific R&D CENTER; Yongin Korea
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38
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Oh M, Lee J, Kim S, Cho SA, Lee E, Yeon JH, He QQ, Liu W, Wang XM, Li L, Lai W, Liang H, Gao XH, Shin K, An S. Regional and seasonal differences in skin irritation and neurosensitivity in Chinese and South Korean women. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:115-9. [PMID: 24665959 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Oh
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - J. Lee
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - S. Kim
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - S.-A. Cho
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - E. Lee
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - J.-H. Yeon
- AmorePacific Corporation Shanghai R&I Center; Shanghai China
| | - Q.-Q. He
- AmorePacific Corporation Shanghai R&I Center; Shanghai China
| | - W. Liu
- Department of Dermatology; The General Hospital of the Air Force; Beijing China
| | - X.-M. Wang
- Skin & Cosmetic Research Department; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital; Shanghai China
| | - L. Li
- Department of Dermato-Venereology; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - W. Lai
- Department of Dermatology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - H. Liang
- Department of Dermatology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - X.-H. Gao
- National Key Department of Dermatology and Venereology; The First Hospital of China Medical University; Shenyang China
| | - K. Shin
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
| | - S. An
- Skin Research Institute; AmorePacific Corporation R&D Center; Yongin-si Korea
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39
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Galzote C, Estanislao R, Suero MO, Khaiat A, Mangubat MI, Moideen R, Tagami H, Wang X. Characterization of facial skin of various Asian populations through visual and non-invasive instrumental evaluations: influence of seasons. Skin Res Technol 2014; 20:453-62. [PMID: 24602131 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE This multicenter study assessed the impact of two types of extreme seasons (i.e. summer and winter) on the facial skin of female subjects living in different regions of Asia. METHODS Facial skin of female subjects of various Asian ethnicities was characterized during summer and winter using dermatological assessments of the cheek and instrumental evaluations of the forehead and cheek. Approximately, 100 female subjects each from five cities in Asia (Harbin and Shanghai in China; New Delhi, India; Seoul, South Korea; and Sendai, Japan) ranging in age from 14 to 75 years were included in this study. RESULTS Dermatologist assessments revealed a general decrease in severity of roughness, wrinkles, pigmentation, and lentigines during winter compared with summer. Instrumental assessments revealed significant differences in various parameters in winter vs. summer such as reductions in melanin index and skin surface hydration, and increases in transepidermal water loss, skin pH, redness, and sebum production. CONCLUSION Facial skin in female subjects living in different Asian cities exhibited a wide range of changes and worsening of various biophysical parameters in response to the low temperature and humidity during the winter season as compared with summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Galzote
- Johnson & Johnson China Ltd., Shanghai, China
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40
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Nam GW, Baek JH, Koh JS, Hwang JK. The seasonal variation in skin hydration, sebum, scaliness, brightness and elasticity in Korean females. Skin Res Technol 2014; 21:1-8. [PMID: 24528115 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Age, gender, regional, and ethnic differences influence skin conditions. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of environments, especially the air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, duration of sunshine, and precipitation on skin, and the seasonal variation in skin hydration, sebum, scales, brightness, and elasticity in Korean females. METHODS The study included 89 Korean subjects, aged 29.7 ± 6.2 years. The five skin biophysical parameters (skin hydration, sebum, scales, brightness, and elasticity) were measured at six sites: forehead, under the eye, frontal cheek, crow's foot, lateral cheek, and inner forearm. Skin hydration was measured using the Corneometer® CM 825. Skin sebum was measured with Sebumeter® SM 815. Skin scaliness was measured with Visioscan® VC 98. Skin brightness (L* value) was measured by using Spectrophotometer. A suction chamber device, Cutometer® MPA 580, was used to measure the skin elasticity. The measurements were performed every month for 13 months, from April 2007 to April 2008. RESULTS There were significantly seasonal variations in environmental factors. The air temperature was the lowest in January (-1.7°C), and the highest in August (26.5°C). The relative humidity was the lowest in February (46%), and the highest in July and August (75%). There was a negative correlation between skin scaliness and three environmental factors such as air temperature, relative humidity, and highest precipitation. There was a positive correlation between skin scaliness and two environmental factors such as air pressure and duration of sunshine. Elasticity was correlated with air temperature positively and with air pressure negatively. CONCLUSION The correlations shown between the skin biophysical parameters and environmental factors demonstrate that the skin biophysical parameters are affected by environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Nam
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific R&D Center, Seoul, Korea
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Fanian F, Mac-Mary S, Jeudy A, Lihoreau T, Messikh R, Ortonne JP, Sainthillier JM, Elkhyat A, Guichard A, Kenari KH, Humbert P. Efficacy of micronutrient supplementation on skin aging and seasonal variation: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1527-37. [PMID: 24255597 PMCID: PMC3832385 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s43976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have confirmed dramatic changes in skin surface parameters during the winter months. Although there are many studies supporting the positive effects of topical treatment, there are no published studies demonstrating the effects of oral supplementation in the prevention of negative skin changes during winter. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an oral micronutrient supplement in preventing the negative effects of winter weather on skin quality using noninvasive biometrologic instruments. Methods This study included 80 healthy female volunteers aged 35–55 years with phototype II–IV skin. Randomization was balanced. Two tablets of a micronutrient supplement (Perfectil® Platinum) or placebo were administered once daily for 4 months. The volunteers were examined at baseline, after 4 months, and 6 weeks after termination of treatment (month 5.5). The evaluation included skin microrelief by Visioscan® as the main outcome, and the secondary outcomes were results on standard macrophotography, skin tension by Reviscometer®, skin high-frequency ultrasound, and self-assessment. Results For all pseudoroughness and microrelief indicators, there was a significant increase from baseline to month 4 in the placebo group (P<0.05) but no change in the active group. Descriptive statistics for the mean minimum, mean maximum, and minimum to maximum ratio on the nonexposed study zone showed a significant and dramatic difference between baseline and month 4 and between baseline and month 5.5 (P<0.05) in the active group, indicating decreasing anisotropy of the skin. High-frequency ultrasound on the exposed study zone revealed that skin thickness was significantly decreased in the placebo group during winter but was stable in the treated group (P<0.01). The photography scaling and self-assessment questionnaire revealed no significant changes in either group. Conclusion These results indicate that the skin is prone to seasonal changes during winter, particularly in exposed areas. The data also indicate that oral supplementation can be a safe treatment, with no serious side effects, and may prevent or even eliminate the negative effects of winter on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferial Fanian
- Center for Studies and Research on the Integument (CERT), Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France ; Clinical Investigation Center, CIC-BT 506, CHRU Besançon, France
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du Plessis J, Stefaniak A, Eloff F, John S, Agner T, Chou TC, Nixon R, Steiner M, Franken A, Kudla I, Holness L. International guidelines for the in vivo assessment of skin properties in non-clinical settings: Part 2. transepidermal water loss and skin hydration. Skin Res Technol 2013; 19:265-78. [PMID: 23331328 PMCID: PMC4522909 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an emerging perspective that it is not sufficient to just assess skin exposure to physical and chemical stressors in workplaces, but that it is also important to assess the condition, i.e. skin barrier function of the exposed skin at the time of exposure. The workplace environment, representing a non-clinical environment, can be highly variable and difficult to control, thereby presenting unique measurement challenges not typically encountered in clinical settings. METHODS An expert working group convened a workshop as part of the 5th International Conference on Occupational and Environmental Exposure of Skin to Chemicals (OEESC) to develop basic guidelines and best practices (based on existing clinical guidelines, published data, and own experiences) for the in vivo measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin hydration in non-clinical settings with specific reference to the workplace as a worst-case scenario. RESULTS Key elements of these guidelines are: (i) to minimize or recognize, to the extent feasible, the influences of relevant endogenous-, exogenous-, environmental- and measurement/instrumentation-related factors; (ii) to measure TEWL with a closed-chamber type instrument; (iii) report results as a difference or percent change (rather than absolute values); and (iv) accurately report any notable deviations from this guidelines. CONCLUSION It is anticipated that these guidelines will promote consistent data reporting, which will facilitate inter-comparison of study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan du Plessis
- School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North-West province 2520, South Africa.
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Li X, Galzote C, Yan X, Li L, Wang X. Characterization of Chinese body skin through in vivo instrument assessments, visual evaluations, and questionnaire: influences of body area, inter-generation, season, sex, and skin care habits. Skin Res Technol 2013; 20:14-22. [PMID: 23750880 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The varying influence of multiple factors (e.g., aging, sex, season, skin care habits) on skin structure and function necessitates study within ethnic groups to fully characterize their skin. METHODS Men and women aged 40-50 years (n = 43) and their consanguineous same-sex children, aged 18-25 years (n = 43), living in Chengdu, China were enrolled in this single center, non-interventional study. Volunteers attended two study visits (summer, 2010 and winter, 2011) at which dermatologists measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, sebum secretion, fine lines/roughness, melanin/erythema, temperature, and color, and clinically graded participants' skin. Participants answered a questionnaire, indicating their perceived skin type/condition. Data were analyzed using t-test/anova or Friedman/Wilcoxon test. RESULTS Objective measurements demonstrated statistically significant inter-generational differences in skin condition, with aged skin more wrinkled at most sites, having reduced oil/colder facial and décolletage skin, darker/more erythematous skin in exposed areas, and less hydrated/rougher heel skin; similarities were detected in skin melanin, erythema, and TEWL. There were also statistically significant differences between seasons and sexes. The intersection between instrument measurements and subjective perceptions of skin revealed notable differences. CONCLUSION Objective measurements and their intersection with subjective perceptions demonstrate the influences of inter-generation, season, sex, and living habits on Chinese body skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Clinical Skin Care, Medical and Regulatory Sciences, Johnson & Johnson Consumer China, Ltd, Minhang, Shanghai, China
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Qiu H, Flament F, Long X, Wu J, Xu M, Leger DS, Meaudre H, Senee J, Piot B, Bazin R. Seasonal skin darkening in Chinese women: the Shanghaiese experience of daily sun protection. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2013; 6:151-8. [PMID: 23754871 PMCID: PMC3674750 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s41578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The facial skin tone of two groups of Chinese women from Shanghai was compared using standard colorimetric space techniques during a 6-month interval between January and July 2011. During the study period, one group of women (n = 40) applied a potent sun-protective cosmetic product daily, while the other group (n = 40) did not use any sun protection. The results, based on images taken using a standardized digital camera coupled to a spectroradiometer, showed that sun protection largely mitigated changes in the components of skin tone, ie, lightness, melanization, and individual typology angle parameters. The skin darkening process appeared to be reduced or prevented in the sun-protected group when compared with the control group. The sun-protected women had participated in an earlier study in 2008, which confirmed that seasonal skin darkening occurs from winter through summer in Shanghaiese women. Comparing the data obtained in the winters of 2008 and 2011, we were able to identify better the impact of 3 years of aging on the components of skin tone. Comparing data between seasons on the same women with (2011 study) and without (2008 study) sun protection highlights the role of the test product in preventing skin darkening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Qiu
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zhou SS, Li D, Zhou YM, Cao JM. The skin function: a factor of anti-metabolic syndrome. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2012; 4:15. [PMID: 22537765 PMCID: PMC3567429 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The body's total antioxidant capacity represents a sum of the antioxidant capacity of various tissues/organs. A decrease in the body's antioxidant capacity may induce oxidative stress and subsequent metabolic syndrome, a clustering of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The skin, the largest organ of the body, is one of the major components of the body's total antioxidant defense system, primarily through its xenobiotic/drug biotransformation system, reactive oxygen species-scavenging system, and sweat glands- and sebaceous glands-mediated excretion system. Notably, unlike other contributors, the skin contribution is variable, depending on lifestyles and ambient temperature or seasonal variations. Emerging evidence suggests that decreased skin's antioxidant and excretory functions (e.g., due to sedentary lifestyles and low ambient temperature) may increase the risk for metabolic syndrome. This review focuses on the relationship between the variability of skin-mediated detoxification and elimination of exogenous and endogenous toxic substances and the development of metabolic syndrome. The potential role of sebum secretion in lipid and cholesterol homeostasis and its impact on metabolic syndrome, and the association between skin disorders (acanthosis nigricans, acne, and burn) and metabolic syndrome are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Sheng Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yi-Ming Zhou
- Section of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
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Peirano RI, Achterberg V, Düsing HJ, Akhiani M, Koop U, Jaspers S, Krüger A, Schwengler H, Hamann T, Wenck H, Stäb F, Gallinat S, Blatt T. Dermal penetration of creatine from a face-care formulation containing creatine, guarana and glycerol is linked to effective antiwrinkle and antisagging efficacy in male subjects. J Cosmet Dermatol 2012; 10:273-81. [PMID: 22151935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2011.00579.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dermal extracellular matrix provides stability and structure to the skin. With increasing age, however, its major component collagen is subject to degeneration, resulting in a gradual decline in skin elasticity and progression of wrinkle formation. Previous studies suggest that the reduction in cellular energy contributes to the diminished synthesis of cutaneous collagen during aging. AIMS To investigate the potential of topically applied creatine to improve the clinical signs of skin aging by stimulating dermal collagen synthesis in vitro and in vivo. PATIENTS/METHODS Penetration experiments were performed with a pig skin ex vivo model. Effects of creatine on dermal collagen gene expression and procollagen synthesis were studied in vitro using cultured fibroblast-populated collagen gels. In a single-center, controlled study, 43 male Caucasians applied a face-care formulation containing creatine, guarana extract, and glycerol to determine its influence on facial topometric features. RESULTS Cultured human dermal fibroblasts supplemented with creatine displayed a stimulation of collagen synthesis relative to untreated control cells both on the gene expression and at the protein level. In skin penetration experiments, topically applied creatine rapidly reached the dermis. In addition, topical in vivo application of a creatine-containing formulation for 6 weeks significantly reduced the sagging cheek intensity in the jowl area as compared to baseline. This result was confirmed by clinical live scoring, which also demonstrated a significant reduction in crow's feet wrinkles and wrinkles under the eyes. CONCLUSIONS In summary, creatine represents a beneficial active ingredient for topical use in the prevention and treatment of human skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto I Peirano
- Department of Skin Biology and Skin Structure, Beiersdorf AG Research and Development, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, Germany
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Huixia Q, Xiaohui L, Chengda Y, Yanlu Z, Senee J, Laurent A, Bazin R, Flament F, Adam A, Piot B. Instrumental and clinical studies of the facial skin tone and pigmentation of Shanghaiese women. Changes induced by age and a cosmetic whitening product. Int J Cosmet Sci 2011; 34:49-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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