1
|
Affiliation(s)
- G. T. Johnson
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Affiliation(s)
- Harold L. Lewis
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - G. T. Johnson
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Johnson GT, Dixon GJ. Oxygen-Uptake Studies on Glucose-Grown and Fatty-Acid-Exposed Fungus Cells. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1959.12024848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. T. Johnson
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - G. J. Dixon
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lewis HL, Johnson GT. Reversal of Inhibition of Endogenous Respiration of Cunninghamella Echinulata by Intermediate-Chain-Length Fatty Acids. Mycologia 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00275514.1968.12018579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harold L. Lewis
- Department of Biology, Texas Technological College, Lubbock, Texas
| | - G. T. Johnson
- Department of Botany and Bacteriology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Srivastava NK, Yadav R, Mukherjee S, Sinha N. Perturbation of muscle metabolism in patients with muscular dystrophy in early or acute phase of disease: In vitro, high resolution NMR spectroscopy based analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 478:171-181. [PMID: 29278724 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscular dystrophy is an inherited muscle disease, characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness of variable distribution and severity. METHODS In vitro, high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy based analysis was performed on perchloric acid (PCA) extract of muscle specimens of patients suffering from various types of muscular dystrophies to identify alteration in hydrophilic low-molecular weight substances (aqueous metabolites) as compared to muscle of control subjects as well as in between the types of muscular dystrophy. Muscle tissue specimens were obtained from Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) [n=11], Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) [n=12], facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) [n=9] and limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD)-2B [n=22]. Control muscle specimens [n=40] were also taken. RESULTS Concentration of branched chain amino acids (BCA), glutamine/glutamate (Gln/Glu), acetate (Ace) and fumarate (Fum) was decreased and His was increased in muscle tissue of DMD, BMD, FSHD and LGMD-2B patients as compared to control subjects. Alanine (Ala) was significantly reduced in BMD, FSHD and LGMD-2B patients as compared to control subjects. Tyrosine (Tyr) was present only in the muscle tissue of control subjects. Propionate (Prop) was present in muscle tissue of DMD, BMD, FSHD and LGMD-2B patients and was absent in muscle tissue of control subjects. Concentration of BCA and Prop is significantly reduced in patients with DMD as compared to BMD, but Glucose is significantly higher in patients with DMD as compared to BMD. Quantity of Glucose, His and Gln/glu are significantly higher in patients with DMD as compared to FSHD, but Prop is significantly reduced in patients with DMD as compared to FSHD. Concentration of Ala and His is significantly higher in patients with DMD as compared to LGMD-2B, but BCA, Glucose and Prop are significantly reduced in patients with DMD as compared to LGMD-2B. Concentration of His is significantly higher in patients with BMD as compared to FSHD. Concentration of His is significantly reduced and Glucose is higher in patients with LGMD-2B as compared to BMD. Glucose concentration is significantly reduced in patients with FSHD as compared to LGMD-2B. ROC curves supported the noticeable discrimination in between the patients with DMD and FSHD for the quantity of Gln/Glu, and patients with LGMD-2B and DMD for the quantity of Ala. Collectively, these findings showed the perturbation of muscle metabolism in muscular dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS The data of presented study may be used as supporting information for existing methods of the diagnosis for patients with muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India; School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Ramakant Yadav
- Department of Neurology, UP University of medical sciences, Saifai, Etawah, UP 206130, India
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, U.P., India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
|
19
|
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
25
|
|
26
|
Carlson LA, Boberg J, HÖgstedt B. Some physiological and clinical implications of lipid mobilization from adipose tissue
1. Compr Physiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp050163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Scow RO. Perfusion of isolated adipose tissue: FFA release and blood flow in rat parametrial fat body. Compr Physiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp050145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
Sharma U, Atri S, Sharma MC, Sarkar C, Jagannathan NR. Skeletal muscle metabolism in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): an in-vitro proton NMR spectroscopy study. Magn Reson Imaging 2003; 21:145-53. [PMID: 12670601 DOI: 10.1016/s0730-725x(02)00646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic differences in the skeletal muscle of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and normal subjects (controls) were investigated using in-vitro high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy. In all, 56 metabolites were unambiguously identified in the perchloric acid extract of muscle tissue using one- and two-dimensional NMR. The concentrations of glycolytic substrate glucose (Glc; p < 0.05), gluconeogenic amino acids such as glutamine (Gln; p < 0.05) and alanine (Ala; p < 0.05) and the glycolytic product lactate (Lac; p < 0.05) were statistically significantly lower in DMD patients as compared to controls. A significant reduction in the concentrations of total creatine (TCr; p < 0.05), glycerophosphoryl choline + phosphoryl choline + carnitine (GPC/PC/Car; p < 0.05), choline (Cho; p < 0.05) and acetate (Ace; p < 0.05) was also observed in these patients. Decrease in the level of glucose may be attributed to the reduction in the concentrations of gluconeogenic substrates or membrane abnormalities in degenerated muscle of DMD patients. Lower levels of choline containing compounds indicate membrane abnormalities. Decrease in the concentration of lactate in the muscle of DMD patients may be due to the reduction in anaerobic glycolytic activity or lower substrate concentration. The decrease in the concentration of acetate may reflect reduced transport of fatty acids into mitochondria due to decreased concentration of carnitine in DMD patients. Kreb's cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate was observed only in the diseased muscle, which is suggestive of predominant oxidative metabolism for energy generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Sharma
- Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
WAKIL SJ, TITCHENER EB, GIBSON DM. Evidence for the participation of biotin in the enzymic synthesis of fatty acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000; 29:225-6. [PMID: 13560478 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(58)90177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
33
|
Qin YM, Haapalainen AM, Kilpeläinen SH, Marttila MS, Koski MK, Glumoff T, Novikov DK, Hiltunen JK. Human peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2. Site-directed mutagenesis studies show the importance of two protic residues for 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase 2 activity. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:4965-72. [PMID: 10671535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.7.4965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-oxidation of acyl-CoAs in mammalian peroxisomes can occur via either multifunctional enzyme type 1 (MFE-1) or type 2 (MFE-2), both of which catalyze the hydration of trans-2-enoyl-CoA and the dehydrogenation of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, but with opposite chiral specificity. Amino acid sequence alignment of the 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase 2 domain in human MFE-2 with other MFE-2s reveals conserved protic residues: Tyr-347, Glu-366, Asp-370, His-406, Glu-408, Tyr-410, Asp-490, Tyr-505, Asp-510, His-515, Asp-517, and His-532. To investigate their potential roles in catalysis, each residue was replaced by alanine in site-directed mutagenesis, and the resulting constructs were tested for complementation in a yeast. After additional screening, the wild type and noncomplementing E366A and D510A variants were expressed and characterized. The purified proteins have similar secondary structural elements, with the same subunit composition. The E366A variant had a k(cat)/K(m) value 100 times lower than that of the wild type MFE-2 at pH 5, whereas the D510A variant was inactive. Asp-510 was imbedded in a novel hydratase 2 motif found in the hydratase 2 proteins. The data show that the hydratase 2 reaction catalyzed by MFE-2 requires two protic residues, Glu-366 and Asp-510, suggesting that their catalytic role may be equivalent to that of the two catalytic residues of hydratase 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y M Qin
- Biocenter Oulu and Department of Biochemistry, University of Oulu, Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulun Yliopisto, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
GOLDMAN DS, GELBAD A. Enzyme systems in the mycobacteria. VII. The fatty acid oxidizing system. Arch Biochem Biophys 1998; 83:360-70. [PMID: 13850679 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(59)90044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Filppula SA, Sormunen RT, Hartig A, Kunau WH, Hiltunen JK. Changing stereochemistry for a metabolic pathway in vivo. Experiments with the peroxisomal beta-oxidation in yeast. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:27453-7. [PMID: 7499202 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.46.27453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosphere is inherently built of chiral molecules, and once their metabolism is established, the stereochemical course of the reactions involved is seen to remain highly conserved. However, by replacing the yeast peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme (MFE), which catalyzes the second and third reactions of beta-oxidation of fatty acids via D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediates, with rat peroxisomal MFE, which catalyzes the same reactions via L-3-hydroxy intermediates, it was possible to change the chiralities of the intermediates in a major metabolic pathway in vivo. Both stereochemical alternatives allowed the yeast cells to grow on oleic acid, implying that when the beta-oxidation pathways evolved, the overall function was the determining factor for the acquisition of MFEs and not the stereospecificities of the reactions themselves.
Collapse
|
37
|
These are the Moments when we Live! From Thunberg Tubes and Manometry to Phone, Fax and Fedex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-81942-0.50012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- P K Stumpf
- Section on Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis 95616
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ferrante G, Kates M. Identification of oxygenated and related products of oleoyl-CoA and linoleoyl-CoA metabolism by cell fractions of soybean cell suspension cultures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(86)90028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
40
|
Effect of membrane sterol content on the susceptibility of phospholipids to phospholipase A2. J Biol Chem 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)44286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
41
|
Fiecchi A, Galli-Kienle M, Scala A, Galli G, Paoletti R. The beta-oxidative cleavage of long-chain fatty acids in rat-liver cytoplasm. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 38:516-28. [PMID: 4772671 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb03087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
42
|
Fiecchi A, Galli Kienle M, Scala A, Galli G, Paoletti R. Oxidative β-cleavage of long chain fatty acids by cytoplasmic enzymes of rat liver. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/0031-6989(72)90011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
43
|
Pugh E, Sidbury JB. Fatty acid oxidation in embryonic chick tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 239:376-83. [PMID: 5113500 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(71)90030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
44
|
Fatty Acid Metabolism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-40950-8.50009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
45
|
Weeks G, Shapiro M, Burns RO, Wakil SJ. Control of fatty acid metabolism. I. Induction of the enzymes of fatty acid oxidation in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 1969; 97:827-36. [PMID: 4886296 PMCID: PMC249767 DOI: 10.1128/jb.97.2.827-836.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli grows on long-chain fatty acids after a distinct lag phase. Cells, preadapted to palmitate, grow immediately on fatty acids, indicating that fatty acid oxidation in this bacterium is an inducible system. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that cells grown on palmitate oxidize fatty acids at rates 7 times faster than cells grown on amino acids and 60 times faster than cells grown on a combined medium of glucose and amino acids. The inhibitory effect of glucose may be explained in terms of catabolite repression. The activities of the five key enzymes of beta-oxidation [palmityl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydrase, beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and thiolase] all vary coordinately over a wide range of activity, indicating that they are all under unit control. The ability of a fatty acid to induce the enzymes of beta-oxidation and support-growth is a function of its chain length. Fatty acids of carbon chain lengths of C(14) and longer induce the enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and readily support growth, whereas decanoate and laurate do not induce the enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and only support limited growth of palmitate-induced cells. Two mutants, D-1 and D-3, which grow on decanoate and laurate were isolated and were found to contain constitutive levels of the beta-oxidation enzymes. Short-chain fatty acids (<C(8)) do not support growth of either the parent strain or the mutants D-1 and D-3. Evidence is also presented to show that decanoate is actively transported by the parent strain and by the mutants.
Collapse
|
46
|
Rossi CR, Galzigna L, Alexandre A, Gibson DM. Oxidation of Long Chain Fatty Acids by Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)96023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
47
|
Bressler R, Brendel K. The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Acyltransferase in Biological Acetylations and Fatty Acid Synthesis. J Biol Chem 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
48
|
Rodbell M. Metabolism of isolated fat cells. II. The similar effects of phospholipase C (Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin) and of insulin on glucose and amino acid metabolism. J Biol Chem 1966. [PMID: 4379054 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp050147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
49
|
Dole VP. Energy storage. Compr Physiol 1965. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp050103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
50
|
White JE. Structural sugars in adipose tissue. Compr Physiol 1965. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.cp050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|