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Kasanga EA, Han Y, Shifflet MK, Navarrete W, McManus R, Parry C, Barahona A, Nejtek VA, Manfredsson FP, Kordower JH, Richardson JR, Salvatore MF. Nigral-specific increase in ser31 phosphorylation compensates for tyrosine hydroxylase protein and nigrostriatal neuron loss: Implications for delaying parkinsonian signs. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114509. [PMID: 37634696 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Compensatory mechanisms that augment dopamine (DA) signaling are thought to mitigate onset of hypokinesia prior to major loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in striatum that occurs in Parkinson's disease. However, the identity of such mechanisms remains elusive. In the present study, the rat nigrostriatal pathway was unilaterally-lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to determine whether differences in DA content, TH protein, TH phosphorylation, or D1 receptor expression in striatum or substantia nigra (SN) aligned with hypokinesia onset and severity at two time points. In striatum, DA and TH loss reached its maximum (>90%) 7 days after lesion induction. However, in SN, no DA loss occurred, despite ∼60% TH loss. Hypokinesia was established at 21 days post-lesion and maintained at 28 days. At this time, DA loss was ∼60% in the SN, but still of lesser magnitude than TH loss. At day 7 and 28, ser31 TH phosphorylation increased only in SN, corresponding to less DA versus TH protein loss. In contrast, ser40 TH phosphorylation was unaffected in either region. Despite DA loss in both regions at day 28, D1 receptor expression increased only in lesioned SN. These results support the concept that augmented components of DA signaling in the SN, through increased ser31 TH phosphorylation and D1 receptor expression, contribute as compensatory mechanisms against progressive nigrostriatal neuron and TH protein loss, and may mitigate hypokinesia severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella A Kasanga
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Yoonhee Han
- Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Marla K Shifflet
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Walter Navarrete
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Robert McManus
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Caleb Parry
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Arturo Barahona
- Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Vicki A Nejtek
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA
| | - Fredric P Manfredsson
- Parkinson's Disease Research Unit, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Michael F Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76117, USA.
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2
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Bayles RG, Tran J, Olivas A, Woodward WR, Fei SS, Gao L, Habecker BA. Sex differences in sympathetic gene expression and cardiac neurochemistry in Wistar Kyoto rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218133. [PMID: 31194790 PMCID: PMC6564003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The stellate ganglia are the predominant source of sympathetic innervation to the heart. Remodeling of sympathetic nerves projecting to the heart has been observed in several cardiovascular diseases, and sympathetic dysfunction contributes to cardiac pathology. Wistar Kyoto rats are a common model for the study of cardiovascular diseases, but we lack a profile of the baseline transcriptomic and neurochemical characteristics of their cardiac sympathetic neurons. Most studies of cardiovascular disease have used male animals only, but in the future both male and female animals will be used for these types of studies; therefore, we sought to characterize the transcriptome of male and female stellate ganglia and to correlate that with catecholamine and acetylcholine content in the heart. We have generated a dataset of baseline RNA expression in male and female Wistar Kyoto rat stellate ganglia using RNA-seq, and have measured neurotransmitter levels in heart and stellate ganglia using HPLC and mass spectrometry. We identified numerous gene expression differences between male and female stellates, including genes encoding important developmental factors, receptors and neuropeptides. Female hearts had significantly higher neurotransmitter content than male hearts; however, no significant differences were detected in expression of the genes encoding neurotransmitter synthetic enzymes. Similarly, no statistically significant differences were identified between the sexes in cardiac tyrosine hydroxylase levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G. Bayles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Joanne Tran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Antoinette Olivas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - William R. Woodward
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Suzanne S. Fei
- Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lina Gao
- Bioinformatics & Biostatistics Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Beth A. Habecker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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3
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Kim KI, Baek JY, Jeong JY, Nam JH, Park ES, Bok E, Shin WH, Chung YC, Jin BK. Delayed Treatment of Capsaicin Produces Partial Motor Recovery by Enhancing Dopamine Function in MPP +-lesioned Rats via Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor. Exp Neurobiol 2019; 28:289-299. [PMID: 31138996 PMCID: PMC6526113 DOI: 10.5607/en.2019.28.2.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) on astrocytes prevents ongoing degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons in MPP+-lesioned rats via ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The present study determined whether such a beneficial effect of astrocytic TRPV1 could be achieved after completion of injury of DA neurons, rather than ongoing injury, which seems more relevant to therapeutics. To test this, the MPP+-lesioned rat model utilized here exhibited approximately 70~80% degeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons that was completed at 2 weeks post medial forebrain bundle injection of MPP+. TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin (CAP), was intraperitoneally administered. CNTF receptor alpha neutralizing antibody (CNTFRαNAb) was nigral injected to evaluate the role of CNTF endogenously produced by astrocyte through TRPV1 activation on DA neurons. Delayed treatment of CAP produced a significant reduction in amphetamine-induced rotational asymmetry. Accompanying this behavioral recovery, CAP treatment increased CNTF levels and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), and levels of DA and its metabolites in the striatum compared to controls. Interestingly, behavioral recovery and increases in biochemical indices were not reflected in trophic changes of the DA system. Instead, behavioral recovery was temporal and dependent on the continuous presence of CAP treatment. The results suggest that delayed treatment of CAP increases nigral TH enzyme activity and striatal levels of DA and its metabolites by CNTF endogenously derived from CAP-activated astrocytes through TRPV1, leading to functional recovery. Consequently, these findings may be useful in the treatment of DA imbalances associated with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung In Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jeong Yeob Baek
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Jeong
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jin Han Nam
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Eun Su Park
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Eugene Bok
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Won-Ho Shin
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Young Cheul Chung
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Byung Kwan Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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4
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Alpár A, Zahola P, Hanics J, Hevesi Z, Korchynska S, Benevento M, Pifl C, Zachar G, Perugini J, Severi I, Leitgeb P, Bakker J, Miklosi AG, Tretiakov E, Keimpema E, Arque G, Tasan RO, Sperk G, Malenczyk K, Máté Z, Erdélyi F, Szabó G, Lubec G, Palkovits M, Giordano A, Hökfelt TG, Romanov RA, Horvath TL, Harkany T. Hypothalamic CNTF volume transmission shapes cortical noradrenergic excitability upon acute stress. EMBO J 2018; 37:e100087. [PMID: 30209240 PMCID: PMC6213283 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced cortical alertness is maintained by a heightened excitability of noradrenergic neurons innervating, notably, the prefrontal cortex. However, neither the signaling axis linking hypothalamic activation to delayed and lasting noradrenergic excitability nor the molecular cascade gating noradrenaline synthesis is defined. Here, we show that hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone-releasing neurons innervate ependymal cells of the 3rd ventricle to induce ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) release for transport through the brain's aqueductal system. CNTF binding to its cognate receptors on norepinephrinergic neurons in the locus coeruleus then initiates sequential phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and tyrosine hydroxylase with the Ca2+-sensor secretagogin ensuring activity dependence in both rodent and human brains. Both CNTF and secretagogin ablation occlude stress-induced cortical norepinephrine synthesis, ensuing neuronal excitation and behavioral stereotypes. Cumulatively, we identify a multimodal pathway that is rate-limited by CNTF volume transmission and poised to directly convert hypothalamic activation into long-lasting cortical excitability following acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alán Alpár
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Zahola
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Hanics
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Hevesi
- SE NAP Research Group of Experimental Neuroanatomy and Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Solomiia Korchynska
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Benevento
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Pifl
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergely Zachar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jessica Perugini
- Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilenia Severi
- Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Patrick Leitgeb
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanne Bakker
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andras G Miklosi
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Erik Keimpema
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gloria Arque
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ramon O Tasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Sperk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katarzyna Malenczyk
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoltán Máté
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Erdélyi
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gert Lubec
- Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Miklós Palkovits
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Human Brain Tissue Bank and Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tomas Gm Hökfelt
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman A Romanov
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Departments of Comparative Medicine and Neuroscience, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Section of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
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5
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Salvatore MF, Nejtek VA, Khoshbouei H. Prolonged increase in ser31 tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in substantia nigra following cessation of chronic methamphetamine. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:121-128. [PMID: 29782882 PMCID: PMC6088751 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) exposure may increase the risk of motor or cognitive impairments similar to Parkinson's disease (PD) by middle age. Although damage to nigrostriatal or mesoaccumbens dopamine (DA) neurons may occur during or early after MA exposure, overt PD-like symptoms at a younger age may not manifest due to compensatory mechanisms to maintain DA neurotransmission. One possible compensatory mechanism is increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylation. In the rodent PD 6-OHDA model, nigrostriatal lesion decreases TH protein in both striatum and substantia nigra (SN). However, DA loss in the SN is significantly less than that in the striatum. An increase in ser31 TH phosphorylation in the SN may increase TH activity in response to TH loss. To determine if similar compensatory mechanisms may be engaged in young mice after MA exposure, TH expression, phosphorylation, and DA tissue content were evaluated, along with dopamine transporter expression, 21 days after cessation of MA (24 mg/kg, daily, 14 days). DA tissue content was unaffected by the MA regimen in striatum, nucleus accumbens, SN, or ventral tegmental area (VTA), despite decreased TH protein in SN and VTA. In the SN, but not striatum, ser31 phosphorylation increased over 2-fold. This suggests that increased ser31 TH phosphorylation may be an inherent compensatory mechanism to attenuate DA loss against TH loss, similar to that in an established PD model. These results also indicate the somatodendritic compartments of DA neurons are more vulnerable to TH protein loss than terminal fields following MA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Salvatore
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States.
| | - Vicki A Nejtek
- Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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6
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Johnson M, Salvatore M, Maiolo S, Bobrovskaya L. Tyrosine hydroxylase as a sentinel for central and peripheral tissue responses in Parkinson’s progression: Evidence from clinical studies and neurotoxin models. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 165-167:1-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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7
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Salvatore MF, Calipari ES, Jones SR. Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression and Phosphorylation in Dopamine Transporter-Deficient Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:941-51. [PMID: 27124386 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporters (DATs) regulate dopamine (DA) neurotransmission at the biosynthesis and reuptake steps, respectively. Dysfunction or loss of these proteins occurs in impaired locomotor or addictive behavior, but little is known about the influence of DAT expression on TH function. Differences in TH phosphorylation, DA tissue content, l-DOPA biosynthesis, and DA turnover exist between the somatodendritic and terminal field compartments of nigrostriatal and mesoaccumbens pathways. We examined whether differential DAT expression affects these compartmental differences in DA regulation by comparing TH expression and phosphorylation at ser31 and ser40. In heterozygous DAT knockout (KO) (+/-) mice, DA tissue content and DA turnover were unchanged relative to wild-type mice, despite a 40% reduction in DAT protein expression. In DAT KO (-/-) mice, DA turnover increased in all DA compartments, but DA tissue content decreased (90-96%) only in terminal fields. TH protein expression and phosphorylation were differentially affected within DA pathway compartments by relative expression of DAT. TH protein decreased (∼74%), though to a significantly lesser extent than DA, in striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in DAT -/- mice, with no decrease in substantia nigra or ventral tegmental area. Striatal ser31 TH phosphorylation and recovery of DA relative to TH protein expression in DAT +/- and DAT -/- mice decreased, whereas ser40 TH phosphorylation increased ∼2- to 3-fold in striatum and NAc of DAT -/- mice. These results suggest that DAT expression affects TH expression and phosphorylation largely in DA terminal field compartments, further corroborating evidence for dichotomous regulation of TH between somatodendritic and terminal field compartments of the nigrostriatal and mesoaccumbens pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Salvatore
- Department
of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, United States
| | - Erin S. Calipari
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
| | - Sara R. Jones
- Department
of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
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8
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Nam JH, Park ES, Won SY, Lee YA, Kim KI, Jeong JY, Baek JY, Cho EJ, Jin M, Chung YC, Lee BD, Kim SH, Kim EG, Byun K, Lee B, Woo DH, Lee CJ, Kim SR, Bok E, Kim YS, Ahn TB, Ko HW, Brahmachari S, Pletinkova O, Troconso JC, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Jin BK. TRPV1 on astrocytes rescues nigral dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease via CNTF. Brain 2015; 138:3610-22. [PMID: 26490328 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there is no neuroprotective or neurorestorative therapy for Parkinson's disease. Here we report that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) on astrocytes mediates endogenous production of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), which prevents the active degeneration of dopamine neurons and leads to behavioural recovery through CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFRα) on nigral dopamine neurons in both the MPP(+)-lesioned or adeno-associated virus α-synuclein rat models of Parkinson's disease. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis of human post-mortem substantia nigra from Parkinson's disease suggests that this endogenous neuroprotective system (TRPV1 and CNTF on astrocytes, and CNTFRα on dopamine neurons) might have relevance to human Parkinson's disease. Our results suggest that activation of astrocytic TRPV1 activates endogenous neuroprotective machinery in vivo and that it is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin H Nam
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Eun S Park
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - So-Yoon Won
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Signaling Disorder Research Centre, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Yu A Lee
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Kyoung I Kim
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Jae Y Jeong
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Jeong Y Baek
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Eun J Cho
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Minyoung Jin
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Young C Chung
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Byoung D Lee
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Signaling Disorder Research Centre, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- 3 Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Bonghee Lee
- 3 Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Woo
- 4 Center for Neuroscience and Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - C Justin Lee
- 4 Center for Neuroscience and Functional Connectomics, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Sang R Kim
- 5 School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Eugene Bok
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea 6 Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Central Florida, FL 32827, USA
| | - Yoon-Seong Kim
- 6 Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine University of Central Florida, FL 32827, USA
| | - Tae-Beom Ahn
- 7 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Saurav Brahmachari
- 8 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA 9 Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 10 Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Olga Pletinkova
- 11 Departments of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Juan C Troconso
- 9 Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 11 Departments of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- 8 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA 9 Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 12 Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 13 Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 14 Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- 8 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA 9 Departments of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 10 Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 12 Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA 14 Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA 15 Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Byung K Jin
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration Control Research Centre, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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9
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Salvatore MF. ser31 Tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation parallels differences in dopamine recovery in nigrostriatal pathway following 6-OHDA lesion. J Neurochem 2014; 129:548-58. [PMID: 24410633 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Compensatory mechanisms in dopamine (DA) signaling have long been proposed to delay onset of locomotor symptoms during Parkinson's disease progression until ~ 80% loss of striatal DA occurs. Increased striatal dopamine turnover has been proposed to be a part of this compensatory response, but may occur after locomotor symptoms. Increased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity has also been proposed as a mechanism, but the impact of TH protein loss upon site-specific TH phosphorylation in conjunction with the impact on DA tissue content is not known. The tissue content of DA was determined against TH protein loss in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) following 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the medial forebrain bundle in young Sprague-Dawley male rats. Although DA predictably decreased in both regions following 6-hydroxydopamine, there was a significant difference in DA loss between the striatum (75%) and SN (40%), despite similar TH protein loss. Paradoxically, there was a significant decrease in DA against remaining TH protein in striatum, but a significant increase in DA against remaining TH in SN. In the SN, increased DA per remaining TH protein was matched by increased ser31, but not ser40, TH phosphorylation. In striatum, both ser31 and ser40 phosphorylation decreased, reflecting decreased DA per TH. However, in control nigral and striatal tissue, only ser31 phosphorylation correlated with DA per TH protein. Combined, these results suggest that the phosphorylation of ser31 in the SN may be a mechanism to increase DA biosynthesis against TH protein loss in an in vivo model of Parkinson's disease. Properties of dopamine biosynthesis were evaluated in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease by studying the impact of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein loss on its own phosphorylation and dopamine (DA) tissue content in rat nigrostriatal pathway. A dichotomous response was observed between striatum and substantia nigra in that dopamine per remaining TH decreased in striatum, but increased in substantia nigra. Phosphorylation at ser31 reflected these differences, indicating that ser31 phosphorylation may be critical to maintain dopamine with progressive TH protein loss. Drawings are from slides purchased from Motifolio (http://motifolio.com/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Salvatore
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology& Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Lorentz CU, Parrish DC, Alston EN, Pellegrino MJ, Woodward WR, Hempstead BL, Habecker BA. Sympathetic denervation of peri-infarct myocardium requires the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Exp Neurol 2013; 249:111-9. [PMID: 24013014 PMCID: PMC3826885 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of cardiac sympathetic heterogeneity after myocardial infarction contributes to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Regions of sympathetic hyperinnervation and denervation appear in the viable myocardium beyond the infarcted area. While elevated nerve growth factor (NGF) is implicated in sympathetic hyperinnervation, the mechanisms underlying denervation are unknown. Recent studies show that selective activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) in sympathetic neurons causes axon degeneration. We used mice that lack p75(NTR) to test the hypothesis that activation of p75(NTR) causes peri-infarct sympathetic denervation after cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. Wild type hearts exhibited sympathetic denervation adjacent to the infarct 24h and 3 days after ischemia-reperfusion, but no peri-infarct sympathetic denervation occurred in p75(NTR)-/- mice. Sympathetic hyperinnervation was found in the distal peri-infarct myocardium in both genotypes 3 days after MI, and hyperinnervation was increased in the p75(NTR)-/- mice. By 7 days after ischemia-reperfusion, cardiac sympathetic innervation density returned back to sham-operated levels in both genotypes, indicating that axonal pruning did not require p75(NTR). Prior studies revealed that proNGF is elevated in the damaged left ventricle after ischemia-reperfusion, as is mRNA encoding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). ProNGF and BDNF preferentially bind p75(NTR) rather than TrkA on sympathetic neurons. Immunohistochemistry using Bdnf-HA mice confirmed the presence of BDNF or proBDNF in the infarct after ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, at least two p75(NTR) ligands are elevated in the left ventricle after ischemia-reperfusion where they may stimulate p75(NTR)-dependent denervation of peri-infarct myocardium. In contrast, NGF-induced sympathetic hyperinnervation in the distal peri-infarct ventricle is attenuated by p75(NTR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina U. Lorentz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Diana C. Parrish
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Eric N. Alston
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Michael J. Pellegrino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - William R. Woodward
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - Barbara L. Hempstead
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Beth A. Habecker
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
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