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Covarrubias S, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez C, Rojas-Soto O, Hernández-Guzmán R, González C. Functional connectivity of an endemic tree frog in a highly threatened tropical dry forest in Mexico. ECOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1921935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Covarrubias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sobre Los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás De Hidalgo, Michoacán, México
| | | | - Octavio Rojas-Soto
- Red de Biología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Rafael Hernández-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sobre Los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás De Hidalgo, Michoacán, México
| | - Clementina González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sobre Los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás De Hidalgo, Michoacán, México
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2
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Contrasting environmental drivers of genetic and phenotypic divergence in an Andean poison frog (Epipedobates anthonyi). Heredity (Edinb) 2022; 128:33-44. [PMID: 34718332 PMCID: PMC8733028 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-021-00481-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and genetic divergence are shaped by the homogenizing effects of gene flow and the differentiating processes of genetic drift and local adaptation. Herein, we examined the mechanisms that underlie phenotypic (size and color) and genetic divergence in 35 populations (535 individuals) of the poison frog Epipedobates anthonyi along four elevational gradients (0-1800 m asl) in the Ecuadorian Andes. We found phenotypic divergence in size and color despite relatively low genetic divergence at neutral microsatellite loci. Genetic and phenotypic divergence were both explained by landscape resistance between sites (isolation-by-resistance, IBR), likely due to a cold and dry mountain ridge between the northern and southern elevational transects that limits dispersal and separates two color morphs. Moreover, environmental differences among sites also explained genetic and phenotypic divergence, suggesting isolation-by-environment (IBE). When northern and southern transects were analyzed separately, genetic divergence was predicted either by distance (isolation-by-distance, IBD; northern) or environmental resistance between sites (IBR; southern). In contrast, phenotypic divergence was primarily explained by environmental differences among sites, supporting the IBE hypothesis. These results indicate that although distance and geographic barriers are important drivers of population divergence, environmental variation has a two-fold effect on population divergence. On the one hand, landscape resistance between sites reduces gene flow (IBR), while on the other hand, environmental differences among sites exert divergent selective pressures on phenotypic traits (IBE). Our work highlights the importance of studying both genetic and phenotypic divergence to better understand the processes of population divergence and speciation along ecological gradients.
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3
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Rothstein AP, Byrne AQ, Knapp RA, Briggs CJ, Voyles J, Richards-Zawacki CL, Rosenblum EB. Divergent regional evolutionary histories of a devastating global amphibian pathogen. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210782. [PMID: 34157877 PMCID: PMC8220259 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases are a pressing threat to global biological diversity. Increased incidence and severity of novel pathogens underscores the need for methodological advances to understand pathogen emergence and spread. Here, we use genetic epidemiology to test, and challenge, key hypotheses about a devastating zoonotic disease impacting amphibians globally. Using an amplicon-based sequencing method and non-invasive samples we retrospectively explore the history of the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in two emblematic amphibian systems: the Sierra Nevada of California and Central Panama. The hypothesis in both regions is the hypervirulent Global Panzootic Lineage of Bd (BdGPL) was recently introduced and spread rapidly in a wave-like pattern. Our data challenge this hypothesis by demonstrating similar epizootic signatures can have radically different underlying evolutionary histories. In Central Panama, our genetic data confirm a recent and rapid pathogen spread. However, BdGPL in the Sierra Nevada has remarkable spatial structuring, high genetic diversity and a relatively older history inferred from time-dated phylogenies. Thus, this deadly pathogen lineage may have a longer history in some regions than assumed, providing insights into its origin and spread. Overall, our results highlight the importance of integrating observed wildlife die-offs with genetic data to more accurately reconstruct pathogen outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Rothstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Allison Q Byrne
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Roland A Knapp
- Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory, University of California, Mammoth Lakes, CA, USA.,Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl J Briggs
- Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jamie Voyles
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | | | - Erica Bree Rosenblum
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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4
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Magota K, Sakaguchi S, Hirota SK, Tsunamoto Y, Suyama Y, Akai K, Setoguchi H. Comparative analysis of spatial genetic structures in sympatric populations of two riparian plants, Saxifraga acerifolia and Saxifraga fortunei. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:680-693. [PMID: 33881773 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The genetic structure between plant populations is facilitated by the spatial population arrangement and limited dispersal of seed and pollen. Saxifraga acerifolia, a local endemic species in Japan, is a habitat specialist that is confined to waterfalls in riparian environments. Its sister species, Saxifraga fortunei, is a generalist that is widely distributed along riverbanks. Here, we examined sympatric populations of the two Saxifraga species to test whether the differences in habitat preference and colonization process influenced regional and local genetic structures. METHODS To reveal genetic structures, we examined chloroplast microsatellite variations and genome-wide nucleotide polymorphisms obtained by genotyping by sequencing. We also estimated the gene flow among and within populations and performed landscape genetic analyses to evaluate seed and pollen movement and the extent of genetic isolation related to geographic distance and/or habitat differences. RESULTS We found strong genetic structure in the specialist S. acerifolia, even on a small spatial scale (<1 km part); each population on a different waterfall in one river system had a completely different predominant haplotype. By contrast, the generalist S. fortunei showed no clear genetic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the level of genetic isolation was increased in S. acerifolia by the spatially fragmented habitat and limited seed and pollen dispersal over waterfalls. Habitat differentiation between the sister taxa could have contributed to the different patterns of gene flow and then shaped the contrasting genetic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Magota
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shota Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shun K Hirota
- Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi, 989-6711, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tsunamoto
- Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Shimo-kuriyagawa, Morioka, Iwate, 020-0123, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Suyama
- Kawatabi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi, 989-6711, Japan
| | - Kensei Akai
- International Center for Island Studies Amami Station, Kagoshima University, Naze-Minatomachi 15-1, Amami, Kagoshima, 894-0026, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Setoguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Covarrubias S, González C, Gutiérrez‐Rodríguez C. Effects of natural and anthropogenic features on functional connectivity of anurans: a review of landscape genetics studies in temperate, subtropical and tropical species. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Covarrubias
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Morelia Michoacán México
| | - C. González
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Morelia Michoacán México
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6
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Liu T, Zhang K, Dai W, Jin L, Sun K, Feng J. Evolutionary insights into
Rhinolophus episcopus
(Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) in China: Isolation by distance, environment, or sensory system? J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Kangkang Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Wentao Dai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Longru Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Keping Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of Education Changchun China
| | - Jiang Feng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal University Changchun China
- College of Life Science Jilin Agricultural University Changchun China
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7
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Rothstein AP, Knapp RA, Bradburd GS, Boiano DM, Briggs CJ, Rosenblum EB. Stepping into the past to conserve the future: Archived skin swabs from extant and extirpated populations inform genetic management of an endangered amphibian. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:2598-2611. [PMID: 32573039 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Moving animals on a landscape through translocations and reintroductions is an important management tool used in the recovery of endangered species, particularly for the maintenance of population genetic diversity and structure. Management of imperiled amphibian species rely heavily on translocations and reintroductions, especially for species that have been brought to the brink of extinction by habitat loss, introduced species, and disease. One striking example of amphibian declines and associated management efforts is in California's Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks with the mountain yellow-legged frog species complex (Rana sierrae/muscosa). Mountain yellow-legged frogs have been extirpated from more than 93% of their historic range, and limited knowledge of their population genetics has made long-term conservation planning difficult. To address this, we used 598 archived skin swabs from both extant and extirpated populations across 48 lake basins to generate a robust Illumina-based nuclear amplicon data set. We found that samples grouped into three main genetic clusters, concordant with watershed boundaries. We also found evidence for historical gene flow across watershed boundaries with a north-to-south axis of migration. Finally, our results indicate that genetic diversity is not significantly different between populations with different disease histories. Our study offers specific management recommendations for imperiled mountain yellow-legged frogs and, more broadly, provides a population genetic framework for leveraging minimally invasive samples for the conservation of threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Rothstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roland A Knapp
- Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory, University of California, Mammoth Lakes, CA, USA
| | - Gideon S Bradburd
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel M Boiano
- Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, Three Rivers, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl J Briggs
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, CA, USA
| | - Erica Bree Rosenblum
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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8
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Van Buskirk J, Jansen van Rensburg A. Relative importance of isolation‐by‐environment and other determinants of gene flow in an alpine amphibian. Evolution 2020; 74:962-978. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josh Van Buskirk
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Zurich 8057 Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Jansen van Rensburg
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Zurich 8057 Switzerland
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TQ United Kingdom
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9
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Haugen H, Linløkken A, Østbye K, Heggenes J. Landscape genetics of northern crested newt Triturus cristatus populations in a contrasting natural and human-impacted boreal forest. CONSERV GENET 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-020-01266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAmong vertebrates, amphibians currently have the highest proportion of threatened species worldwide, mainly through loss of habitat, leading to increased population isolation. Smaller amphibian populations may lose more genetic diversity, and become more dependent on immigration for survival. Investigations of landscape factors and patterns mediating migration and population genetic differentiation are fundamental for knowledge-based conservation. The pond-breeding northern crested newt (Triturus cristatus) populations are decreasing throughout Europe, and are a conservation concern. Using microsatellites, we studied the genetic structure of the northern crested newt in a boreal forest ecosystem containing two contrasting landscapes, one subject to recent change and habitat loss by clear-cutting and roadbuilding, and one with little anthropogenic disturbance. Newts from 12 breeding ponds were analyzed for 13 microsatellites and 7 landscape and spatial variables. With a Maximum-likelihood population-effects model we investigated important landscape factors potentially explaining genetic patterns. Results indicate that intervening landscape factors between breeding ponds, explain the genetic differentiation in addition to an isolation-by-distance effect. Geographic distance, gravel roads, and south/south-west facing slopes reduced landscape permeability and increased genetic differentiation for these newts. The effect was opposite for streams, presumably being more favorable for newt dispersal. Populations within or bordering on old growth forest had a higher allelic richness than populations in managed forest outside these areas. Old growth forest areas may be important source habitats in the conservation of northern crested newt populations.
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10
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Scheele BC, Pasmans F, Skerratt LF, Berger L, Martel A, Beukema W, Acevedo AA, Burrowes PA, Carvalho T, Catenazzi A, De la Riva I, Fisher MC, Flechas SV, Foster CN, Frías-Álvarez P, Garner TWJ, Gratwicke B, Guayasamin JM, Hirschfeld M, Kolby JE, Kosch TA, La Marca E, Lindenmayer DB, Lips KR, Longo AV, Maneyro R, McDonald CA, Mendelson J, Palacios-Rodriguez P, Parra-Olea G, Richards-Zawacki CL, Rödel MO, Rovito SM, Soto-Azat C, Toledo LF, Voyles J, Weldon C, Whitfield SM, Wilkinson M, Zamudio KR, Canessa S. Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity. Science 2019; 363:1459-1463. [PMID: 30923224 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic trade and development have broken down dispersal barriers, facilitating the spread of diseases that threaten Earth's biodiversity. We present a global, quantitative assessment of the amphibian chytridiomycosis panzootic, one of the most impactful examples of disease spread, and demonstrate its role in the decline of at least 501 amphibian species over the past half-century, including 90 presumed extinctions. The effects of chytridiomycosis have been greatest in large-bodied, range-restricted anurans in wet climates in the Americas and Australia. Declines peaked in the 1980s, and only 12% of declined species show signs of recovery, whereas 39% are experiencing ongoing decline. There is risk of further chytridiomycosis outbreaks in new areas. The chytridiomycosis panzootic represents the greatest recorded loss of biodiversity attributable to a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben C Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. .,National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lee F Skerratt
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Lee Berger
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - An Martel
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Wouter Beukema
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Aldemar A Acevedo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile.,Grupo de Investigación en Ecología y Biogeografía, Universidad de Pamplona, Barrio El Buque, Km 1, Vía a Bucaramanga, Pamplona, Colombia
| | - Patricia A Burrowes
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 23360, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Tamilie Carvalho
- Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Catenazzi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Ignacio De la Riva
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Matthew C Fisher
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Sandra V Flechas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.,Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Sede Venado de Oro, Paseo Bolívar 16-20, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claire N Foster
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Patricia Frías-Álvarez
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Trenton W J Garner
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society London, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK.,Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Brian Gratwicke
- Smithsonian National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Juan M Guayasamin
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Ambientales BIOSFERA, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Campus Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador.,Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb), Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Calle Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador.,Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mareike Hirschfeld
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Jonathan E Kolby
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia.,Honduras Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Center, Lancetilla Botanical Garden and Research Center, Tela, Honduras.,The Conservation Agency, Jamestown, RI 02835, USA
| | - Tiffany A Kosch
- One Health Research Group, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia.,AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Enrique La Marca
- School of Geography, Faculty of Forestry Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela
| | - David B Lindenmayer
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.,National Environmental Science Programme, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Karen R Lips
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Ana V Longo
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Raúl Maneyro
- Laboratorio de Sistemática e Historia Natural de Vertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República. Igua 4225, CP 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cait A McDonald
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Joseph Mendelson
- Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - Gabriela Parra-Olea
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Mark-Oliver Rödel
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, Berlin 10115, Germany
| | - Sean M Rovito
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada (Langebio), Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, km 9.6 Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato, Guanajuato CP36824, México
| | - Claudio Soto-Azat
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370251, Chile
| | - Luís Felipe Toledo
- Laboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jamie Voyles
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Ché Weldon
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Steven M Whitfield
- Zoo Miami, Conservation and Research Department, Miami, FL 33177, USA.,Florida International University School of Earth, Environment, and Society, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Kelly R Zamudio
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Stefano Canessa
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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11
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Berkman LK, Nielsen CK, Roy CL, Heist EJ. A landscape genetic analysis of swamp rabbits (Sylvilagus aquaticus) suggests forest canopy cover enhances gene flow in an agricultural matrix. CAN J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2017-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation pose a continued and immediate threat to wildlife and create a persistent need for ecological information at the landscape scale to guide conservation efforts. Landscape features influence population connectivity for many species and genetic analyses can be employed to determine which of these features are most important. Because population connectivity through dispersal is important to the persistence of swamp rabbits (Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837)) at the northern edge of their range, we used a landscape genetic approach to relate gene flow to landscape features that may impact dispersal success. We tested resistance values for attributes of land cover, watercourse corridors, canopy cover, and roads and used causal modeling and redundancy analysis to relate these representations of landscapes to genetic distance for swamp rabbits in southern Illinois, USA. Models that included canopy cover had the strongest correlations with genetic distance and were supported by our methods whereas other models were not. We concluded that high tree canopy cover enhances gene flow and landscape connectivity for swamp rabbits in southern Illinois. Our study provides important empirical evidence that landscape variables may impact the habitat connectivity of swamp rabbits. Preserving dispersal routes for swamp rabbits should focus on improving canopy cover, in both bottomland and upland, to connect suitable habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K. Berkman
- Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901-6504, USA
| | - Clayton K. Nielsen
- Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901-6504, USA
| | - Charlotte L. Roy
- Forest Wildlife Populations and Research Group, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA
| | - Edward J. Heist
- Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901-6501, USA
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12
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Cao YN, Wang IJ, Chen LY, Ding YQ, Liu LX, Qiu YX. Inferring spatial patterns and drivers of population divergence of Neolitsea sericea (Lauraceae), based on molecular phylogeography and landscape genomics. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 126:162-172. [PMID: 29678646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The relative roles of geography, climate and ecology in driving population divergence and (incipient) speciation has so far been largely neglected in studies addressing the evolution of East Asia's island flora. Here, we employed chloroplast and ribosomal DNA sequences and restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) loci to investigate the phylogeography and drivers of population divergence of Neolitsea sericea. These data sets support the subdivision of N. sericea populations into the Southern and Northern lineages across the 'Tokara gap'. Two distinct sublineages were further identified for the Northern lineage of N. sericea from the RADseq data. RADseq was also used along with approximate Bayesian computation to show that the current distribution and differentiation of N. sericea populations resulted from a combination of relatively ancient migration and successive vicariant events that likely occurred during the mid to late Pleistocene. Landscape genomic analyses showed that, apart from geographic barriers, barrier, potentially local adaptation to different climatic conditions appears to be one of the major drivers for lineage diversification of N. sericea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ian J Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lu-Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yan-Qian Ding
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lu-Xian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ying-Xiong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Freilich X, Anadón JD, Bukala J, Calderon O, Chakraborty R, Boissinot S. Comparative Phylogeography of Ethiopian anurans: impact of the Great Rift Valley and Pleistocene climate change. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:206. [PMID: 27724843 PMCID: PMC5057412 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0774-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Ethiopian highlands are a biodiversity hotspot, split by the Great Rift Valley into two distinct systems of plateaus and mountains. The Rift Valley is currently hot and dry and acts as a barrier to gene flow for highland-adapted species. It is however unlikely that the conditions in the Rift were inhospitable to highland species during the entire Pleistocene. To assess the significance of the Ethiopian Rift as a biogeographic barrier as well as the impact Pleistocene climatic changes have had on the evolution of Ethiopian organisms, we performed phylogeographic analyses and developed present and past niche models on seven anuran species with different elevational and ecological preferences. Results We found that highland species on the east and the west sides of the Rift are genetically differentiated and have not experienced any detectable gene flow for at least 0.4 my. In contrast, species found at elevations lower than 2500 m do not show any population structure. We also determined that highland species have lower effective population sizes than lowland species, which have experienced a large, yet gradual, demographic expansion, starting approximately half a million year ago. Conclusions The pattern we report here is consistent with the increasingly warmer and drier conditions of the Pleistocene in East Africa, which resulted in the expansion of savanna, the fragmentation of forests and the shrinking of highland habitats. Climatic niche models indicated that the Rift is currently non suitable for most of the studied species, but it could have been a more permeable barrier during the Last Glacial Maximum. However, considering the strong genetic structure of highland species, we hypothesize that the barrier mechanisms at the Rift are not only climatic but also topographical. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0774-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenia Freilich
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA.,Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - José D Anadón
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA.,Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jolanta Bukala
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Ordaliza Calderon
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Ronveer Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA
| | - Stéphane Boissinot
- New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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A Multiscale Framework for Deconstructing the Ecosystem Physical Template of High-Altitude Lakes. Ecosystems 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-016-9987-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Modeling Habitat Connectivity to Inform Reintroductions: A Case Study with the Chiricahua Leopard Frog. J HERPETOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1670/14-172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Paz A, Ibáñez R, Lips KR, Crawford AJ. Testing the role of ecology and life history in structuring genetic variation across a landscape: a trait-based phylogeographic approach. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3723-37. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Paz
- Department of Biological Sciences; Universidad de los Andes; A.A. 4976 Bogotá Colombia
| | - Roberto Ibáñez
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Apartado 0843-03092 Panama City Republic of Panama
- Círculo Herpetológico de Panamá; Apartado 0824-00122 Panama City Republic of Panama
| | - Karen R. Lips
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Apartado 0843-03092 Panama City Republic of Panama
- Department of Biology; University of Maryland; College Park MD 20742-4415 USA
| | - Andrew J. Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences; Universidad de los Andes; A.A. 4976 Bogotá Colombia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Apartado 0843-03092 Panama City Republic of Panama
- Círculo Herpetológico de Panamá; Apartado 0824-00122 Panama City Republic of Panama
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17
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Defining landscape resistance values in least-cost connectivity models for the invasive grey squirrel: a comparison of approaches using expert-opinion and habitat suitability modelling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112119. [PMID: 25380289 PMCID: PMC4224439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Least-cost models are widely used to study the functional connectivity of habitat within a varied landscape matrix. A critical step in the process is identifying resistance values for each land cover based upon the facilitating or impeding impact on species movement. Ideally resistance values would be parameterised with empirical data, but due to a shortage of such information, expert-opinion is often used. However, the use of expert-opinion is seen as subjective, human-centric and unreliable. This study derived resistance values from grey squirrel habitat suitability models (HSM) in order to compare the utility and validity of this approach with more traditional, expert-led methods. Models were built and tested with MaxEnt, using squirrel presence records and a categorical land cover map for Cumbria, UK. Predictions on the likelihood of squirrel occurrence within each land cover type were inverted, providing resistance values which were used to parameterise a least-cost model. The resulting habitat networks were measured and compared to those derived from a least-cost model built with previously collated information from experts. The expert-derived and HSM-inferred least-cost networks differ in precision. The HSM-informed networks were smaller and more fragmented because of the higher resistance values attributed to most habitats. These results are discussed in relation to the applicability of both approaches for conservation and management objectives, providing guidance to researchers and practitioners attempting to apply and interpret a least-cost approach to mapping ecological networks.
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18
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Almeida-Gomes M, Rocha CFD. Habitat Loss Reduces the Diversity of Frog Reproductive Modes in an Atlantic Forest Fragmented Landscape. Biotropica 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Almeida-Gomes
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 Cidade Universitária CEP 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Carlos F. D. Rocha
- Departamento de Ecologia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 CEP 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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19
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Emel SL, Storfer A. Landscape genetics and genetic structure of the southern torrent salamander, Rhyacotriton variegatus. CONSERV GENET 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-014-0653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Reproductive isolation related to mimetic divergence in the poison frog Ranitomeya imitator. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4749. [PMID: 25158807 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In a mimetic radiation--when a single species evolves to resemble different model species--mimicry can drive within-species morphological diversification, and, potentially, speciation. While mimetic radiations have occurred in a variety of taxa, their role in speciation remains poorly understood. We study the Peruvian poison frog Ranitomeya imitator, a species that has undergone a mimetic radiation into four distinct morphs. Using a combination of colour-pattern analysis, landscape genetics and mate-choice experiments, we show that a mimetic shift in R. imitator is associated with a narrow phenotypic transition zone, neutral genetic divergence and assortative mating, suggesting that divergent selection to resemble different model species has led to a breakdown in gene flow between these two populations. These results extend the effects of mimicry on speciation into a vertebrate system and characterize an early stage of speciation where reproductive isolation between mimetic morphs is incomplete but evident.
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21
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Peterman WE, Connette GM, Semlitsch RD, Eggert LS. Ecological resistance surfaces predict fine-scale genetic differentiation in a terrestrial woodland salamander. Mol Ecol 2014; 23:2402-13. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William E. Peterman
- Illinois Natural History Survey; Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois 1816 S Oak Street Champaign; IL 61820 USA
| | - Grant M. Connette
- Division of Biological Sciences; University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
| | | | - Lori S. Eggert
- Division of Biological Sciences; University of Missouri; Columbia MO USA
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22
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Guarnizo CE, Cannatella DC. Geographic determinants of gene flow in two sister species of tropical Andean frogs. J Hered 2013; 105:216-25. [PMID: 24336965 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/est092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex interactions between topographic heterogeneity, climatic and environmental gradients, and thermal niche conservatism are commonly assumed to indicate the degree of biotic diversification in montane regions. Our aim was to investigate factors that disrupt gene flow between populations and to determine if there is evidence of downslope asymmetric migration in highland frogs with wide elevational ranges and thermal niches. We determined the role of putative impediments to gene flow (as measured by least-cost path (LCP) distances, topographic complexity, and elevational range) in promoting genetic divergence between populations of 2 tropical Andean frog sister species (Dendropsophus luddeckei, N = 114; Dendropsophus labialis, N = 74) using causal modeling and multiple matrix regression. Although the effect of geographic features was species specific, elevational range and LCP distances had the strongest effect on gene flow, with mean effect sizes (Mantel r and regression coefficients β), between 5 and 10 times greater than topographic complexity. Even though causal modeling and multiple matrix regression produced congruent results, the latter provided more information on the contribution of each geographic variable. We found moderate support for downslope migration. We conclude that the climatic heterogeneity of the landscape, the elevational distance between populations, and the inability to colonize suboptimal habitats due to thermal niche conservatism influence the magnitude of gene flow. Asymmetric migration, however, seems to be influenced by life history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Guarnizo
- the Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, CO990, Austin, TX 78712
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23
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Wang IJ. EXAMINING THE FULL EFFECTS OF LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY ON SPATIAL GENETIC VARIATION: A MULTIPLE MATRIX REGRESSION APPROACH FOR QUANTIFYING GEOGRAPHIC AND ECOLOGICAL ISOLATION. Evolution 2013; 67:3403-11. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Wang
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology; Harvard University; Cambridge Massachusetts 02138
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24
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Lawson LP. Diversification in a biodiversity hot spot: landscape correlates of phylogeographic patterns in the African spotted reed frog. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:1947-60. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda P. Lawson
- Committee on Evolutionary Biology; University of Chicago; Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Zoology Department; Field Museum of Natural History; Chicago IL 60605 USA
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25
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Population structure and landscape genetics of two endangered frog species of genus Odorrana: different scenarios on two islands. Heredity (Edinb) 2012; 110:46-56. [PMID: 22990312 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2012.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation by distance and landscape connectivity are fundamental factors underlying speciation and evolution. To understand how landscapes affect gene flow and shape population structures, island species provide intrinsic study objects. We investigated the effects of landscapes on the population structure of the endangered frog species, Odorrana ishikawae and O. splendida, which each inhabit an island in southwest Japan. This was done by examining population structure, gene flow and demographic history of each species by analyzing 12 microsatellite loci and exploring causal environmental factors through ecological niche modeling (ENM) and the cost-distance approach. Our results revealed that the limited gene flow and multiple-population structure in O. splendida and the single-population structure in O. ishikawae were maintained after divergence of the species through ancient vicariance between islands. We found that genetic distance correlated with geographic distance between populations of both species. Our landscape genetic analysis revealed that the connectivity of suitable habitats influences gene flow and leads to the formation of specific population structures. In particular, different degrees of topographical complexity between islands are the major determining factor for shaping contrasting population structures of two species. In conclusion, our results illustrate the diversification mechanism of organisms through the interaction with space and environment. Our results also present an ENM approach for identifying the key factors affecting demographic history and population structures of target species, especially endangered species.
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26
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Poelchau MF, Hamrick JL. Differential effects of landscape-level environmental features on genetic structure in three codistributed tree species in Central America. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:4970-82. [PMID: 22988889 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05755.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Landscape genetic studies use spatially explicit population genetic information to determine the physical and environmental causes of population genetic structure on regional scales. Comparative studies that identify common barriers to gene flow across multiple species within a community are important to both understand the evolutionary trajectories of populations and prioritize habitat conservation. Here, we use a comparative landscape genetic approach to ask whether gradients in temperature or precipitation seasonality structure genetic variation across three codistributed tree species in Central America, or whether a simpler (geographic distance) or more complex, species-specific environmental niche model is necessary to individually explain population genetic structure. Using descriptive statistics and causal modelling, we find that different factors best explain genetic distance in each of the three species: environmental niche distance in Bursera simaruba, geographic distance in Ficus insipida and historical barriers to gene flow or cryptic reproductive barriers for Brosimum alicastrum. This study confirms suggestions from previous studies of Central American tree species that imply that population genetic structure of trees in this region is determined by complex interactions of both historical and current barriers to gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica F Poelchau
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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27
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Ortego J, Riordan EC, Gugger PF, Sork VL. Influence of environmental heterogeneity on genetic diversity and structure in an endemic southern Californian oak. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:3210-23. [PMID: 22548448 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how specific environmental factors shape gene flow while disentangling their importance relative to the effects of geographical isolation is a major question in evolutionary biology and a specific goal of landscape genetics. Here, we combine information from nuclear microsatellite markers and ecological niche modelling to study the association between climate and spatial genetic structure and variability in Engelmann oak (Quercus engelmannii), a wind-pollinated species with high potential for gene flow. We first test whether genetic diversity is associated with climatic niche suitability and stability since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Second, we use causal modelling to analyse the potential influence of climatic factors (current and LGM niche suitability) and altitude in the observed patterns of genetic structure. We found that genetic diversity is negatively associated with local climatic stability since the LGM, which may be due to higher immigration rates in unstable patches during favourable climatic periods and/or temporally varying selection. Analyses of spatial genetic structure revealed the presence of three main genetic clusters, a pattern that is mainly driven by two highly differentiated populations located in the northern edge of the species distribution range. After controlling for geographic distance, causal modelling analyses showed that genetic relatedness decreases with the environmental divergence among sampling sites estimated as altitude and current and LGM niche suitability. Natural selection against nonlocal genotypes and/or asynchrony in reproductive phenology may explain this pattern. Overall, this study suggests that local environmental conditions can shape patterns of genetic structure and variability even in species with high potential for gene flow and relatively small distribution ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Ortego
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Box 957239, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7239, USA.
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28
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Keeley BW, Keeley ATH. Using a specialized blowgun dart to obtain genetic samples from mammals. WILDLIFE SOC B 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Ortego J, Aguirre MP, Cordero PJ. Landscape genetics of a specialized grasshopper inhabiting highly fragmented habitats: a role for spatial scale. DIVERS DISTRIB 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00840.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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30
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DiLeo MF, Row JR, Lougheed SC. Discordant patterns of population structure for two co-distributed snake species across a fragmented Ontario landscape. DIVERS DISTRIB 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00667.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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31
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Ficetola GF, Garner TWJ, Wang J, De Bernardi F. Rapid selection against inbreeding in a wild population of a rare frog. Evol Appl 2010; 4:30-8. [PMID: 25567951 PMCID: PMC3352519 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations that are small and isolated can be threatened through loss of fitness due to inbreeding. Nevertheless, an increased frequency of recessive homozygotes could increase the efficiency of selection against deleterious mutants, thus reducing inbreeding depression. In wild populations, observations of evolutionary changes determined by selection against inbreeding are few. We used microsatellite DNA markers to compare the genetic features of tadpoles immediately after hatch with those of metamorphosing froglets belonging to the same cohort in a small, isolated population of the threatened frog Rana latastei. Within a generation, the inbreeding coefficient (FIS) decreased: at hatch, FIS was significantly >0, whereas FIS was <0 after metamorphosis. Furthermore, heterozygosity increased and allelic frequencies changed over time, resulting in the loss of genotypes at metamorphosis that were present in hatchlings. One microsatellite locus exhibited atypically large FST values, suggesting it might be linked to a locus under selection. These results support the hypothesis that strong selection against the most inbred genotypes occurred among early life-history stages in our population. Selective forces can promote changes that can affect population dynamics and should be considered in conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano Milano, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca Milano, Italy
| | | | - Jinliang Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London London, UK
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