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Pilz M, Cavelius P, Qoura F, Awad D, Brück T. Lipopeptides development in cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108210. [PMID: 37460047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipopeptides are surface active, natural products of bacteria, fungi and green-blue algae origin, having diverse structures and functionalities. In analogy, a number of chemical synthesis techniques generated new designer lipopeptides with desirable features and functions. Lipopetides are self-assembly guided, supramolecular compounds which have the capacity of high-density presentation of the functional epitopes at the surface of the nanostructures. This feature contributes to their successful application in several industry sectors, including food, feed, personal care, and pharmaceutics. In this comprehensive review, the novel class of ribosomally synthesized lipopeptides is introduced alongside the more commonly occuring non-ribosomal lipopeptides. We highlight key representatives of the most researched as well as recently described lipopeptide families, with emphasis on structural features, self-assembly and associated functions. The common biological, chemical and hybrid production routes of lipopeptides, including prominent analogues and derivatives are also discussed. Furthermore, genetic engineering strategies aimed at increasing lipopeptide yields, diversity and biological activity are summarized and exemplified. With respect to application, this work mainly details the potential of lipopeptides in personal care and cosmetics industry as cleansing agents, moisturizer, anti-aging/anti-wrinkling, skin whitening and preservative agents as well as the pharmaceutical industry as anitimicrobial agents, vaccines, immunotherapy, and cancer drugs. Given that this review addresses human applications, we conclude on the topic of safety of lipopeptide formulations and their sustainable production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Pilz
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Cavelius
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Farah Qoura
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dania Awad
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Thomas Brück
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85748 Garching, Germany.
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Genomic Analysis of Surfactant-Producing Bacillus vallismortis TIM68: First Glimpse at Species Pangenome and Prediction of New Plipastatin-Like Lipopeptide. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:753-771. [PMID: 36166154 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are applied in several industrial processes when the modification of interface activity and the stability of colloidal systems are required. Lipopeptides are a class of microbial biosurfactants produced by species of the Bacillus genus. The present study aimed at assembling and analyzing the genome of a new Bacillus vallismortis strain, TIM68, that was shown to produce surfactant lipopeptides. The draft genome was also screened for common virulence factors and antibiotics resistance genes to investigate the strain biosafety. Comparative genomics analyses, i.e., synteny, average nucleotide identity (ANI), and pangenome, were also carried out using strain TIM68 and publicly available B. vallismortis complete and partial genomes. Three peptide synthetase operons were found in TIM68 genome, and they were surfactin A, mojavensin, and a novel plipastatin-like lipopeptide named vallisin. No virulence factors that render pathogenicity to the strain have been identified, but a region of prophage, that may contain unknown pathogenic factors, has been predicted. The pangenome of the species was characterized as closed, with 57% of genes integrating the core genome. The results obtained here on the genetic potential of TIM68 strain should contribute to its exploration in biotechnological applications.
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Pardhi DS, Panchal RR, Raval VH, Joshi RG, Poczai P, Almalki WH, Rajput KN. Microbial surfactants: A journey from fundamentals to recent advances. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:982603. [PMID: 35992692 PMCID: PMC9386247 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.982603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial surfactants are amphiphilic surface-active substances aid to reduce surface and interfacial tensions by accumulating between two fluid phases. They can be generically classified as low or high molecular weight biosurfactants based on their molecular weight, whilst overall chemical makeup determines whether they are neutral or anionic molecules. They demonstrate a variety of fundamental characteristics, including the lowering of surface tension, emulsification, adsorption, micelle formation, etc. Microbial genera like Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Candida spp., and Pseudozyma spp. are studied extensively for their production. The type of biosurfactant produced is reliant on the substrate utilized and the pathway pursued by the generating microorganisms. Some advantages of biosurfactants over synthetic surfactants comprise biodegradability, low toxicity, bioavailability, specificity of action, structural diversity, and effectiveness in harsh environments. Biosurfactants are physiologically crucial molecules for producing microorganisms which help the cells to grasp substrates in adverse conditions and also have antimicrobial, anti-adhesive, and antioxidant properties. Biosurfactants are in high demand as a potential product in industries like petroleum, cosmetics, detergents, agriculture, medicine, and food due to their beneficial properties. Biosurfactants are the significant natural biodegradable substances employed to replace the chemical surfactants on a global scale in order to make a cleaner and more sustainable environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple S. Pardhi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakeshkumar R. Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Vikram H. Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rushikesh G. Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Peter Poczai
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Waleed H. Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiransinh N. Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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4
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Mukherjee AK, Chanda A, Mukherjee I, Kumar P. Characterization of lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by a carbazole-degrading bacterium Roseomonas cervicalis: The role of biosurfactant in carbazole solubilisation. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1062-1078. [PMID: 34415661 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Characterization of biosurfactant produced by a carbazole-degrading bacterium Roseomonas cervicalis and proteomic analysis of intracellular proteins of bacterium while growing on glucose and carbazole medium. METHODS AND RESULTS The bacterium R. cervicalis was isolated from a soil sample contaminated with crude petroleum oil. PCR amplification ascertained the existence of some hydrocarbon-degrading catabolic genes (alkB and PAH-RHDα, C12O, and C23O) in the bacterial genome. GC-MS and RP-HPLC analyses demonstrated 62% and 60% carbazole degradation, respectively, by R. cervicalis 144 h post-incubation at 37℃ and pH 6.5. Due to the paucity of protein databases, expressions of only 29 and 14 intracellular proteins were explicitly recognized and quantitated by mass spectrometry analysis when R. cervicalis was grown in carbazole and glucose medium, respectively. FTIR, NMR and HR-MS/MS analyses demonstrated the lipopeptide nature of the purified biosurfactant produced by R. cervicalis. The biosurfactant is also presumed to assist in the solubilization of carbazole. CONCLUSION The isolated R. cervicalis strain is a potential candidate for the bioremediation of carbazole in petroleum-oil-contaminated sites. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report of the promising R. cervicalis strain proficient in carbazole biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis K Mukherjee
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India.,Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path Garchuk, Paschim, Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Abhishek Chanda
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Indrajit Mukherjee
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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Effective bioconversion of feather-waste Keratin by Thermo-Surfactant Stable Alkaline Keratinase produced from Aspergillus sp. DHE7 with promising biotechnological application in detergent formulations. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Siwayanan P, Ban ZH, Zhang X, Parthiban A. α‐Sulfo
Fatty Methyl Ester Sulfonate: A Review on Chemistry, Processing Technologies, Performance, and Applications in Laundry Detergents. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parthiban Siwayanan
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria Sepang Selangor 43900 Malaysia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Zhen Hong Ban
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria Sepang Selangor 43900 Malaysia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Xinchi Zhang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria Sepang Selangor 43900 Malaysia
| | - Anupreetha Parthiban
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria Sepang Selangor 43900 Malaysia
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Théatre A, Hoste ACR, Rigolet A, Benneceur I, Bechet M, Ongena M, Deleu M, Jacques P. Bacillus sp.: A Remarkable Source of Bioactive Lipopeptides. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 181:123-179. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Drakontis CE, Amin S. Biosurfactants: Formulations, properties, and applications. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Cazals F, Huguenot D, Crampon M, Colombano S, Betelu S, Galopin N, Perrault A, Simonnot MO, Ignatiadis I, Rossano S. Production of biosurfactant using the endemic bacterial community of a PAHs contaminated soil, and its potential use for PAHs remobilization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136143. [PMID: 31884277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active agents produced by microorganisms whose use in soil remediation processes is increasingly discussed as a more environmentally friendly alternative than chemically produced surfactants. In this work, we report the production of a biosurfactant by a bacterial community extracted from a polluted soil, mainly impacted by PAHs, in order to use it in a soil-washing process coupled with bioremediation. Nutrient balance was a critical parameter to optimize the production. Best conditions for biosurfactant production were found to be 20 g/L of glucose, 2 g/L of NH4NO3, and 14.2 g/L of Na2HPO4, corresponding to a C/N/P molar ratio equal to 13/1/2. Purification of the produced biosurfactant by acidification and double extraction with dichloromethane as a solvent allowed measuring the Critical Micellar Concentration (CMC) as equal to 42 mg/L. The capacity of the purified biosurfactant to increase the apparent solubility of four reference PAHs (naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene) was completed. The solubilisation ratios, in mg of PAH/g of biosurfactant for phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene are 0.214, 0.1204 and 0.0068, respectively. Identification of the bacteria found in the colony producing the biosurfactant showed the presence of bacteria able to produce biosurfactant (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas), as well as, others able to degrade PAHs (Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhodanobacteraceae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Cazals
- Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, France; Colas Environnement, France; Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), France.
| | - David Huguenot
- Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, France.
| | - Marc Crampon
- Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), France.
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie-Odile Simonnot
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54000 Nancy, France.
| | | | - Stéphanie Rossano
- Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, France.
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Fenibo EO, Ijoma GN, Selvarajan R, Chikere CB. Microbial Surfactants: The Next Generation Multifunctional Biomolecules for Applications in the Petroleum Industry and Its Associated Environmental Remediation. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E581. [PMID: 31752381 PMCID: PMC6920868 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7110581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are a broad category of tensio-active biomolecules with multifunctional properties applications in diverse industrial sectors and processes. Surfactants are produced synthetically and biologically. The biologically derived surfactants (biosurfactants) are produced from microorganisms, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis Candida albicans, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus as dominant species. Rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, mannosylerithritol lipids, surfactin, and emulsan are well known in terms of their biotechnological applications. Biosurfactants can compete with synthetic surfactants in terms of performance, with established advantages over synthetic ones, including eco-friendliness, biodegradability, low toxicity, and stability over a wide variability of environmental factors. However, at present, synthetic surfactants are a preferred option in different industrial applications because of their availability in commercial quantities, unlike biosurfactants. The usage of synthetic surfactants introduces new species of recalcitrant pollutants into the environment and leads to undesired results when a wrong selection of surfactants is made. Substituting synthetic surfactants with biosurfactants resolves these drawbacks, thus interest has been intensified in biosurfactant applications in a wide range of industries hitherto considered as experimental fields. This review, therefore, intends to offer an overview of diverse applications in which biosurfactants have been found to be useful, with emphases on petroleum biotechnology, environmental remediation, and the agriculture sector. The application of biosurfactants in these settings would lead to industrial growth and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O. Fenibo
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence, Centre for Oilfield Chemical Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt 500272, Nigeria
| | - Grace N. Ijoma
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Roodepoort 1709, South Africa;
| | - Ramganesh Selvarajan
- Department of Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Rooderpoort 1709, South Africa
| | - Chioma B. Chikere
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt 500272, Nigeria;
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Fei D, Zhou G, Yu Z, Gang H, Liu J, Yang S, Ye R, Mu B. Low‐Toxic and Nonirritant Biosurfactant Surfactin and its Performances in Detergent Formulations. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Guang‐Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Zhou‐Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Hong‐Ze Gang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Jin‐Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Shi‐Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Ru‐Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
| | - Bo‐Zhong Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology Shanghai 200237 P.R. China
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12
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Bio-emulsifying and biodegradation activities of syringafactin producing Pseudomonas spp. strains isolated from oil contaminated soils. Biodegradation 2018; 30:259-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant from Bacillus tequilensis exhibits multifarious activity. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:261. [PMID: 29780683 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus tequilensis strain CH had been previously shown to produce a biosurfactant. In this study, chemical structure of the purified biosurfactant was determined by using high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy as a 10 amino acid cyclic lipopeptide (CL). The cyclic lipopeptide was found to be active against Anopheles culicifacies larvae with a LC50 of 110 µg/ml in 2 days. 1 ppm cadmium (Cd) which had a profound mutagenic effect on the cell division of onion (Allium cepa) root tip cell resulting in abnormal metaphase, abnormal anaphase and nuclei elongation was partially reversed in the presence of 0.1 mg/ml of CL (52% cells dividing normally and 8% with abnormal division) and was comparable to control experiment where no Cd was present. Thus, the CL described in this report may have applications in eliminating larvae from water repository systems and in reversing the effects of cadmium pollution.
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14
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Mortensen HG, Madsen JK, Andersen KK, Vosegaard T, Deen GR, Otzen DE, Pedersen JS. Myoglobin and α-Lactalbumin Form Smaller Complexes with the Biosurfactant Rhamnolipid Than with SDS. Biophys J 2018; 113:2621-2633. [PMID: 29262357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants (BSs) attract increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-derived surfactants. This necessitates structural insight into how BSs interact with proteins encountered by current chemical surfactants. Thus, small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) has been used for studying the structures of complexes made of the proteins α-Lactalbumin (αLA) and myoglobin (Mb) with the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (RL). For comparison, complexes between αLA and the chemical surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were also investigated. The SAXS data for pure RL micelles can be described by prolate core-shell structures with a core radius of 7.7 Å and a shell thickness of 12 Å, giving an aggregation number of 11. The small core radius is attributed to RL's complex hydrophobic tail. Data for the αLA-RL complex agree with a 12-molecule micelle with a single protein molecule in the shell. For Mb-RL, the analysis gives complexes of two connected micelles, each containing 10 RL and one protein in the shells. αLA-RL and Mb-RL form surfactant-saturated complexes above 5.6 and 4.7 mM RL, respectively, leaving the remaining RL in free micelles. The SAXS data for SDS agree with oblate-shaped micelles with a core of 20 Å, core eccentricity 0.7, and shell thickness of 5.45 Å, with an aggregation number of 74. The αLA-SDS complexes contain a prolate micelle with a core radius of 11-14 Å and a shell of 8-12 Å with up to 3 αLA per particle and up to 43 SDS per αLA, both considerably larger than for RL. Unlike the RL-protein complexes, the number of surfactant molecules in αLA-SDS complexes increases with surfactant concentration, and saturate at higher surfactant concentrations than αLA-RL complexes. The results highlight how RL and SDS follow similar overall rules of self-assembly and interactions with proteins, but that differences in the strength of protein-surfactant interactions affect the formed structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Gavlshøj Mortensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Kvist Madsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kell K Andersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vosegaard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - G Roshan Deen
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark; Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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15
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Bouassida M, Fourati N, Ghazala I, Ellouze-Chaabouni S, Ghribi D. Potential application of Bacillus subtilis SPB1 biosurfactants in laundry detergent formulations: Compatibility study with detergent ingredients and washing performance. Eng Life Sci 2017; 18:70-77. [PMID: 32624863 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201700152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants play a very important role in laundry and household cleaning products ingredients. In this research, the application of lipopeptide biosurfactants, produced by Bacillus subtilis SPB1, in the formulation of a washing powder was investigated. The SPB1 biosurfactant was mixed with sodium tripolyphosphate as a builder and sodium sulfate as filler. The efficiency of the formulated detergent composition with different washing conditions to remove a stain from cotton fabric was examined. The results showed that the formulated detergent was effective in oil removal, with optimal washing conditions of pH, temperature, striate and time of washing system of 7, 65°C, 1000 RPM and 60 min, respectively. A comparative study of different detergent compositions (biosurfactant-based detergent, combined biosurfactant-commercial detergent, and a commercial detergent) for the removal of oil and tea stains, proved that the bio-scouring was more effective (>75%) in terms of the stain removal than the commercial powders (<60%). Moreover, the results demonstrated that the biosurfactant acts additively with a commercial detergent and enhances their performance from 33 to 45% in removing oil stain and from 57 to 64% in removing tea stain. As a conclusion, in addition to the low toxicity and the high biodegradability of the microbial biosurfactants, the results of this study have shown that the future use of this lipopeptide biosurfactant as laundry detergent additive is highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Bouassida
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (UR13ES74) National School of Engineering Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Nada Fourati
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (UR13ES74) National School of Engineering Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Imen Ghazala
- Laboratory of Plant Improvement and Valorization of Agricultural Resources (LR16ES20) National School of Engineering Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Semia Ellouze-Chaabouni
- Enzyme Bioconversion Unit (UR13ES74) National School of Engineering Sfax University Sfax Tunisia.,Common Service Unit of Bioreactor coupled with an ultrafilter, National School of Engineering Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Ghribi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax Sfax University Sfax Tunisia
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Zarinviarsagh M, Ebrahimipour G, Sadeghi H. Lipase and biosurfactant from Ochrobactrum intermedium strain MZV101 isolated by washing powder for detergent application. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:177. [PMID: 28923075 PMCID: PMC5604193 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alkaline thermostable lipase and biosurfactant producing bacteria are very interested at detergent applications, not only because of their eco-friendly characterize, but alsoproduction lipase and biosurfactant by using cheap materials. Ochrobactrum intermedium strain MZV101 was isolated as washing powder resistant, alkaline thermostable lipase and biosurfactant producing bacterium in order to use at detergent applications. Methods O. intermedium strain MZV101 produces was lipase and biosurfactant in the same media with pH 10 and temperature of 60 °C. Washing test and some detergent compatibility character of lipase enzyme and biosurfactant were assayed. The antimicrobial activity evaluated against various bacteria and fungi. Results Lipase and biosurfactant produced by O. intermedium strain MZV101 exhibited high stability at pH 10–13 and temperature of 70–90 °C, biosurfactant exhibits good stability at pH 9–13 and thermostability in all range. Both lipase and biosurfactant were found to be stable in the presence of different metal ions, detergents and organic solvents. The lipase enzyme extracted using isopropanol with yield of 69.2% and biosurfactant with ethanol emulsification index value of 70.99% and yield of 9.32 (g/l). The single band protein after through from G-50 Sephadex column on SDS-PAGE was calculated to be 99.42 kDa. Biosurfactant O. intermedium strain MZV101 exhibited good antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria and against various bacterial pathogens. Based upon washing test biosurfactant and lipase O. intermedium strain MZV101considered being strong oil removal. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that isolated lipase and biosurfactant with strong oil removal, antimicrobial activity and good stability could be useful for detergent applications. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Zarinviarsagh
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Shahid-Beheshty, Daneshjou Blvd. Evin St.1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamhossein Ebrahimipour
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Shahid-Beheshty, Daneshjou Blvd. Evin St.1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Shahid-Beheshty, Daneshjou Blvd. Evin St.1983969411, Tehran, Iran
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Taira T, Yanagisawa S, Nagano T, Tsuji T, Endo A, Imura T. pH-induced conformational change of natural cyclic lipopeptide surfactin and the effect on protease activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 156:382-387. [PMID: 28551572 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic lipopeptide surfactin (SF) is one of the promising environmental friendly biosurfactants abundantly produced by microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis. SF shows excellent surface properties at various pH, together with lower toxicity and higher biodegradability than commonly used petroleum-based surfactants. However, the effect of the dissociation degree of SF on self-assembly is still incompletely understood, even though two acidic amino acid residues (Asp and Glu) are known to influence eventual surface and biological functions. Here, we report changes in the secondary structure of SF induced by increased pH, and the effect on protease activity. We found that the β-sheet and β-turn formation of SF are significantly enhanced through increased dissociation of Asp and Glu as revealed by a titration experiment of SF solution to estimate apparent pK1 and pK2 values together with circular dichroism spectroscopy. We also studied the activity of the common detergent enzyme subtilisin in SF solution at above its pK2 (pH 7.6) to understand the role of the dissociation degree in the interaction with the protein. The mixing of SF having a unique cyclic topological feature with subtilisin suppressed the decrease in protease activity observed in the presence of synthetic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether. Thus, SF has great potential for use in laundry detergent formulations, to improve the stability and reliability of detergent enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Taira
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-2, 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Satohiro Yanagisawa
- New Business Development Division, Kaneka Corporation, 2-3-18, Nakanoshima, Kita ku, Osaka 530-8288, Japan
| | - Takuto Nagano
- New Business Development Division, Kaneka Corporation, 2-3-18, Nakanoshima, Kita ku, Osaka 530-8288, Japan
| | - Tadao Tsuji
- New Business Development Division, Kaneka Corporation, 2-3-18, Nakanoshima, Kita ku, Osaka 530-8288, Japan
| | - Akira Endo
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-2, 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imura
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-2, 1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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18
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Otzen DE. Biosurfactants and surfactants interacting with membranes and proteins: Same but different? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1859:639-649. [PMID: 27693345 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactants (BS) are surface-active molecules produced by microorganisms. For several decades they have attracted interest as promising alternatives to current petroleum-based surfactants. Aside from their green profile, they have remarkably low critical micelle concentrations, reduce the air/water surface tension to very low levels and are excellent emulsifiers, all of which make them comparable or superior to their synthetic counterparts. These remarkable physical properties derive from their more complex chemical structures in which hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions are not as clearly separated as chemical surfactants but have a more mosaic distribution of polarity as well as branched or circular structures. This allows the lipopeptide surfactin to adopt spherical structures to facilitate dense packing at interfaces. They are also more complex. Glycolipid BS, e.g. rhamnolipids (RL) and sophorolipids, are produced biologically as mixtures which vary in the size and saturation of the hydrophobic region as well as modifications in the hydrophilic headgroup, such as the number of sugar groups and different levels of acetylation, leading to variable surface-active properties. Their amphiphilicity allows RL to insert easily into membranes at sub-cmc concentrations to modulate membrane structure and extract lipopolysaccharides, leading to extensive biofilm remodeling in vivo, sometimes in collaboration with hydrophobic RL precursors. Thanks to their mosaicity, even anionic BS like RL only bind weakly to proteins and show much lower denaturing potency, even supporting membrane protein refolding. Nevertheless, they can promote protein degradation by proteases e.g. by neutralizing positive charges, which together with their biofilm-combating properties makes them very promising detergent surfactants. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid order/lipid defects and lipid-control of protein activity edited by Dirk Schneider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Otzen
- iNANO, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK - 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark.
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19
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Mnif I, Ghribi D. Review lipopeptides biosurfactants: Mean classes and new insights for industrial, biomedical, and environmental applications. Biopolymers 2016; 104:129-47. [PMID: 25808118 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipopeptides are microbial surface active compounds produced by a wide variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast. They are characterized by high structural diversity and have the ability to decrease the surface and interfacial tension at the surface and interface, respectively. Surfactin, iturin, and fengycin of Bacillus subtilis are among the most popular lipopeptides. Lipopepetides can be applied in diverse domains as food and cosmetic industries for their emulsification/de-emulsification capacity, dispersing, foaming, moisturizing, and dispersing properties. Also, they are qualified as viscosity reducers, hydrocarbon solubilizing and mobilizing agents, and metal sequestering candidates for application in environment and bioremediation. Moreover, their ability to form pores and destabilize biological membrane permits their use as antimicrobial, hemolytic, antiviral, antitumor, and insecticide agents. Furthermore, lipopeptides can act at the surface and can modulate enzymes activity permitting the enhancement of the activity of certain enzymes ameliorating microbial process or the inhibition of certain other enzymes permitting their use as antifungal agents. This article will present a detailed classification of lipopeptides biosurfactant along with their producing strain and biological activities and will discuss their functional properties and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Mnif
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.,Unit Enzymes and Bioconversion, National School of Engineers, Tunisia
| | - Dhouha Ghribi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.,Unit Enzymes and Bioconversion, National School of Engineers, Tunisia
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20
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Tian W, Yao J, Liu R, Zhu M, Wang F, Wu X, Liu H. Effect of natural and synthetic surfactants on crude oil biodegradation by indigenous strains. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 129:171-179. [PMID: 27039246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon pollution is a worldwide problem. In this study, five surfactants containing SDS, LAS, Brij 30, Tween 80 and biosurfactant were used to evaluate their effect on crude oil biodegradation. Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were isolated from oil production water. The biosurfactant used was a kind of cyclic lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis strain WU-3. Solubilization test showed all the surfactants could apparently increase the water solubility of crude oil. The microbial adhesion to the hydrocarbon (MATH) test showed surfactants could change cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of microbiota, depending on their species and concentrations. Microcalorimetric experiments revealed these surfactants exhibited toxicity to microorganisms at high concentrations (above 1 CMC), except for SDS which showed low antibacterial activity. Surfactant supplementation (about 0.1 and 0.2 CMC) could improve degradation rate of crude oil slightly, while high surfactant concentration (above 1 CMC) may decrease the degradation rate from 50.5% to 28.9%. Those findings of this work could provide guidance for the application of surfactants in bioremediation of oil pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Water Resource and Environmental Engineering, Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Ruiping Liu
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Mijia Zhu
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- National "International Cooperation Based on Environment and Energy" and School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Haijun Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, 1318 Jixian North Road, Anqing 246133, PR China.
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Bhange K, Chaturvedi V, Bhatt R. Simultaneous production of detergent stable keratinolytic protease, amylase and biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis PF1 using agro industrial waste. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:94-104. [PMID: 28352529 PMCID: PMC5040875 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Keratinolytic protease, amylase and Biosurfactant was produced in a single medium. Medium composition was optimized statistically in Design Expert software. Optimization resulted in a 1.2, 0.84 and 2.28% increase in keratinase, amylase and biosurfactant production. The isolated enzymes and biosurfactants may find applications in the effective removal of stains.
The present study is an attempt to optimize simultaneous production of keratinolytic protease, amylase and biosurfactant from feather meal, potato peel and rape seed cake in a single media by response surface methodology to evaluate their biochemical properties for detergent additive. The optimization was carried out using 20 run, 3 factor and 5-level of central composite design on design expert software which resulted in a 1.2, 0.84 and 2.28 fold increase in protease, amylase and biosurfactant production. The proteolytic activity was found to be optimum at pH 9.0 and 60 °C while optimum amylolytic activity was recorded at pH 6.0 and 70 °C respectively. Both enzymes were found to be stable in the presence of organic solvents, ionic and commercial detergent and oxidizing agents. The biosurfactant was extracted with chloroform and was found to be stable at varying pH and temperature; however a reduction in the activity was observed at temperature higher than 70 °C. The isolated enzymes and biosurfactants may find applications in the effective removal of stains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Bhange
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Renu Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
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22
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Lukic M, Pantelic I, Savic S. An Overview of Novel Surfactants for Formulation of Cosmetics with Certain Emphasis on Acidic Active Substances. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Novel surfactants which are nowadays available for incorporation into various formulations of personal care and cosmetic products are numerous, implying a permanent need for their classification. This overview provides essential information relating to synthesis, basic physicochemical characteristics, application and other relevant data on surfactants currently used in cosmetic products. In the second part of the paper an outline of acidic active substances with significant application in cosmetic products is given, as well as the problems that arise during preparation/manufacture of the containing formulations, accompanied with the review of scientific publications and other available reliable data dealing with the incorporation of these actives in the cosmetic formulations stabilized with novel (mainly natural) surfactants.
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23
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Gogoi D, Bhagowati P, Gogoi P, Bordoloi NK, Rafay A, Dolui SK, Mukherjee AK. Structural and physico-chemical characterization of a dirhamnolipid biosurfactant purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: application of crude biosurfactant in enhanced oil recovery. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11979d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the structural characterization and biotechnological application of a dirhamnolipid biosurfactant produced byPseudomonas aeruginosastrain NBTU-01 isolated from a petroleum oil-contaminated soil sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debananda Gogoi
- ONGC-Centre for Petroleum Biotechnology & Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Pabitra Bhagowati
- ONGC-Centre for Petroleum Biotechnology & Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Pronob Gogoi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Naba K. Bordoloi
- ONGC-Centre for Petroleum Biotechnology & Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Abu Rafay
- C-CAMP
- National Center for Biological Sciences
- Bengaluru-560065
- India
| | - Swapan K. Dolui
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
| | - Ashis K. Mukherjee
- ONGC-Centre for Petroleum Biotechnology & Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur-784028
- India
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24
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Varvaresou A, Iakovou K. Biosurfactants in cosmetics and biopharmaceuticals. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 61:214-23. [PMID: 25970073 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active biomolecules that are produced by various micro-organisms. They show unique properties i.e. lower toxicity, higher biodegradability and environmental compatibility compared to their chemical counterparts. Glycolipids and lipopeptides have prompted application in biotechnology and cosmetics due to their multi-functional profile i.e. detergency, emulsifying, foaming and skin hydrating properties. Additionally, some of them can be served as antimicrobials. In this study the current status of research and development on rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, mannosyloerythritol lipids, trehalipids, xylolipids and lipopeptides particularly their commercial application in cosmetics and biopharmaceuticals, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Varvaresou
- Laboratory of Cosmetology, Department of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Iakovou
- Department of Drugs, Ministry of Health, Athens, Greece
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25
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Madsen JK, Pihl R, Møller AH, Madsen AT, Otzen DE, Andersen KK. The anionic biosurfactant rhamnolipid does not denature industrial enzymes. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:292. [PMID: 25941516 PMCID: PMC4400916 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants (BS) are surface-active molecules produced by microorganisms. Their combination of useful properties and sustainable production make them promising industrial alternatives to petrochemical and oleochemical surfactants. Here we compare the impact of the anionic BS rhamnolipid (RL) and the conventional/synthetic anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the structure and stability of three different commercially used enzymes, namely the cellulase Carezyme® (CZ), the phospholipase Lecitase Ultra® (LT) and the α-amylase Stainzyme® (SZ). Our data reveal a fundamental difference in their mode of interaction. SDS shows great diversity of interaction toward the different enzymes. It efficiently unfolds both LT and CZ, but LT is unfolded by SDS through formation of SDS clusters on the enzyme well below the cmc, while CZ is only unfolded by bulk micelles and on average binds significantly less SDS than LT. SDS binds with even lower stoichiometry to SZ and leads to an increase in thermal stability. In contrast, RL does not affect the tertiary or secondary structure of any enzyme at room temperature, has little impact on thermal stability and only binds detectably (but at low stoichiometries) to SZ. Furthermore, all enzymes maintain activity at both monomeric and micellar concentrations of RL. We conclude that RL, despite its anionic charge, is a surfactant that does not compromise the structural integrity of industrially relevant enzymes. This makes RL a promising alternative to current synthetic anionic surfactants in a wide range of commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | - Kell K. Andersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
Natural surfactants or biosurfactants are amphiphilic biological compounds, usually extracellular, produced by a variety of microorganisms from various substances including waste materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav De
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwa
- India
| | - Susanta Malik
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwa
- India
| | | | - Rumpa Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- TDB College Raniganj
- Raniganj
- India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Burdwan
- Burdwa
- India
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Rangarajan V, Dhanarajan G, Sen R. Improved performance of cross-flow ultrafiltration for the recovery and purification of Ca2+ conditioned lipopeptides in diafiltration mode of operation. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Application of extracellular lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by endophytic Bacillus subtilis K1 isolated from aerial roots of banyan (Ficus benghalensis) in microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). 3 Biotech 2014; 4:41-48. [PMID: 28324457 PMCID: PMC3909566 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-013-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis K1 isolated from aerial roots of banyan tree secreted mixture of surfactins, iturins and fengycins with high degree of heterogeneity. The extracellular extract consisting of mixture of these cyclic lipopeptides exhibited very good emulsification activity as well as excellent emulsion stability. The culture accumulated maximum surfactant up to 48 h of growth during batch fermentation in Luria broth. The emulsion of hexane, heptane and octane prepared using 48-h-old culture supernatant of B. subtilis K1 remained stable up to 2 days while emulsion of four stroke engine oil remained stable for more than a year. The critical micelle concentration of crude lipopeptide biosurfactant extracted by acid precipitation from 48-h-old fermentation broth of B. subtilis K1 was found to be 20.5 μg/mL. The biosurfactant activity was found to be stable at 100 °C for 2 h, over a pH range of 6–12 h and over an NaCl concentration up to 10 % (w/v). The application of biosurfactant on laboratory scale sand pack column saturated with four stroke engine oil resulted in ~43 % enhanced oil recovery, suggesting its suitability in microbially enhanced oil recovery.
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29
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Effect of unconventional carbon sources on biosurfactant production and its application in bioremediation. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:52-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Sajna KV, Sukumaran RK, Jayamurthy H, Reddy KK, Kanjilal S, Prasad RB, Pandey A. Studies on biosurfactants from Pseudozyma sp. NII 08165 and their potential application as laundry detergent additives. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Surfactants: Chemistry, Toxicity and Remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-02387-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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32
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Khaje Bafghi M, Fazaelipoor MH. Application of Rhamnolipid in the Formulation of a Detergent. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-012-1386-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jain RM, Mody K, Mishra A, Jha B. Physicochemical characterization of biosurfactant and its potential to remove oil from soil and cotton cloth. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:1110-6. [PMID: 24750921 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
An alkaliphilic bacterium, Klebsiella sp. strain RJ-03, produced a biosurfactant, which showed low viscosity with pseudoplastic rheological behavior and exhibited emulsification activity with oils and hydrocarbons. The biosurfactant has excellent oil removing efficiency as compared to chemical surfactants. The isolated biosurfactant has compatibility with detergents and enhanced oil removing efficiency from soil and cotton cloths. It comprised of sugar, uronic acid, protein and sulfate. GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of six monosaccharides (w/w), glucose (6.65%), galactose (23.98%), rhamnose (14.94%), mannose (17.54%), fucose (9.47%) and 6-O-Me-galactose (1.4%). It is a high molecular weight, thermostable biopolymer showing degradation above 300 °C. Positive ion reflector mode of MALDI TOF-TOF MS analysis revealed series of low and mid range mass peaks (m/z) corresponding to mono-, di-, tri- and oligo-saccharides content. The NMR, FT-IR, EDX-SEM, AFM and PSD analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups, bonds, elements and particle size respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakeshkumar M Jain
- Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR - CSMCRI), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
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Effects of different amino acids in culture media on surfactin variants produced by Bacillus subtilis TD7. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 166:2091-100. [PMID: 22415784 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Surfactin produced by Bacillus subtilis has different variants, which are affected by the composition of substrate available. To demonstrate the effects of amino acids on surfactin variants, B. subtilis TD7 was cultivated under the same conditions but with different amino acids supplied in media, respectively, and the type as well as the proportion of surfactin variants produced was analyzed with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The result shows that the addition of different amino acids significantly influences the proportion of surfactin variants with different fatty acids. When Arg, Gln, or Val was added to the culture medium of B. subtilis TD7, the proportion of produced surfactin variants with even β-hydroxy fatty acids significantly increased, while the addition of Cys, His, Ile, Leu, Met, Ser, or Thr enhanced the proportion of surfactin variants with odd β-hydroxy fatty acids markedly. This result may be of some reference value in enhancing the production of specific surfactin variants as well as in the research on the relationship between culture media and the corresponding products of a certain bacterium.
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Banat IM, Franzetti A, Gandolfi I, Bestetti G, Martinotti MG, Fracchia L, Smyth TJ, Marchant R. Microbial biosurfactants production, applications and future potential. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:427-44. [PMID: 20424836 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 695] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms synthesise a wide range of surface-active compounds (SAC), generally called biosurfactants. These compounds are mainly classified according to their molecular weight, physico-chemical properties and mode of action. The low-molecular-weight SACs or biosurfactants reduce the surface tension at the air/water interfaces and the interfacial tension at oil/water interfaces, whereas the high-molecular-weight SACs, also called bioemulsifiers, are more effective in stabilising oil-in-water emulsions. Biosurfactants are attracting much interest due to their potential advantages over their synthetic counterparts in many fields spanning environmental, food, biomedical, and other industrial applications. Their large-scale application and production, however, are currently limited by the high cost of production and by limited understanding of their interactions with cells and with the abiotic environment. In this paper, we review the current knowledge and the latest advances in biosurfactant applications and the biotechnological strategies being developed for improving production processes and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Rai SK, Mukherjee AK. Statistical optimization of production, purification and industrial application of a laundry detergent and organic solvent-stable subtilisin-like serine protease (Alzwiprase) from Bacillus subtilis DM-04. Biochem Eng J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Microbial Surfactants and Their Potential Applications: An Overview. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 672:54-64. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5979-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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38
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Characterisation of a detergent-stable alkaline protease from a novel thermophilic strain Paenibacillus tezpurensis sp. nov. AS-S24-II. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 85:1437-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Rai SK, Konwarh R, Mukherjee AK. Purification, characterization and biotechnological application of an alkaline β-keratinase produced by Bacillus subtilis RM-01 in solid-state fermentation using chicken-feather as substrate. Biochem Eng J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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40
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Rai SK, Mukherjee AK. Ecological significance and some biotechnological application of an organic solvent stable alkaline serine protease from Bacillus subtilis strain DM-04. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:2642-2645. [PMID: 19136254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Revised: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An organic solvent stable, alkaline serine protease (Bsubap-I) with molecular mass of 33.1 kDa, purified from Bacillus subtilis DM-04 showed optimum activity at temperature and pH range of 37-45 degrees C and 10.0-10.5, respectively. The enzyme activity of Bsubap-I was significantly enhanced in presence of Fe(2+). The thermal resistance and stability and of Bsubap-I in presence of surfactants, detergents, and organic solvents, and its dehairing activity supported its candidature for application in laundry detergent formulations, ultrafiltration membrane cleaning, peptide synthesis and in leather industry. The broad substrate specificity and differential antibacterial property of Bsubap-I suggested the natural ecological role of this enzyme for the producing bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K Rai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, Assam, India
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