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Ashmawy NS, Gad HA, El-Nashar HAS. Comparative Study of Essential Oils from Different Organs of Syzygium cumini (Pamposia) Based on GC/MS Chemical Profiling and In Vitro Antiaging Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:7861. [PMID: 38067590 PMCID: PMC10708113 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Syzygium cumini L. is an evergreen tree belonging to family Myrtaceae, employed for different traditional uses like diabetes, inflammation, and fever. The current study aimed to compare the chemical compositions of the essential oils (EOs) isolated from different organs of Syzygium cumini (leaves (Scl), fruits (Scf), seeds (Scs), and bark (Scb)) using a GC/MS analysis. Also, a chemometric analysis was applied to explore the main similarities and differences among different organs using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a hierarchal cluster analysis (HCA). Furthermore, in vitro antiaging activities were investigated via anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, and anti-hyaluronidase assays. The GC-MS analysis revealed 82 compounds representing 92.13%, 99.42%, 100%, and 92.97% in Scl, Scf, Scs, and Scb, respectively. The predominant components were α-pinene, β-pinene, (E)-β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, and α-humulene epoxide II with variable percentages. All EOs were positioned on positive PC1, except for Scs, which was positioned on the negative side in a separate quadrant. The HCA dendrogram displayed the closeness of Scl and Scb, which was not clearly recognized in the PCA score plot. Moreover, the Scs oils were totally discriminated from other parts. The Scl and Scs oils showed superior anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, and anti-hyaluronidase activities. Thus, S. cumini oils should be considered for cosmetic preparations to retard skin aging manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa S. Ashmawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Haidy A. Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Heba A. S. El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
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Kumari N, Kumar M, Chaudhary N, Zhang B, Radha, Chandran D, Joshi S, Singh D, Dey A, Rajalingam S, Natarajan K, Muthukumar M, Mohankumar P, Sheri V, Dhumal S, Lorenzo JM. Exploring the Chemical and Biological Potential of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) Leaves: A Comprehensive Review. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300479. [PMID: 37667613 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Leaves of jamun collected as agro by-produce during the cultivation of jamun is traditionally used as ayurvedic medicine to treat diabetes, gall bladder stones and other ailments. Most of the beneficial effects of jamun leaves are associated with phytochemicals found in jamun leaves such as gallic acid, tannins, mallic acid, flavonoids, essential oils, jambolin, ellagic acid, jambosine, antimellin and betulinic acid. Jamun possess curative activities like anticancer, antidiabetic, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antiradiation, chemotherapeutic, and gastroprotective. The main goal of this review article is to provide information on the nutritional content, phytochemical composition and health promoting properties of jamun leaves. The review of literature based on the phytochemical composition and health promoting benefits of the jamun leaves, suggests that leaves can be used as potential constituent in the formulation of pharmacological drugs. From the review literature it is found that clinical, in-vivo, in-vitro studies are still required to check the health promoting effects of jamun leaves extracts on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumari
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, 27858, USA
| | - Nisha Chaudhary
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Nagaur, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 341001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, 27858, USA
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Kerala, Palakkad, 679335, India
| | - Shourabh Joshi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 342304, India
| | - Daljeet Singh
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Sureshkumar Rajalingam
- Department of Agronomy, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, 642109, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaprabu Natarajan
- Department of Agronomy, VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthamilselvan Muthukumar
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, 603201, India
| | - Pran Mohankumar
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Vijay Sheri
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, 27858, USA
| | - Sangram Dhumal
- Division of Horticulture, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur, 416004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, rúa Galicia n○ 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
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Qamar M, Akhtar S, Ismail T, Wahid M, Abbas MW, Mubarak MS, Yuan Y, Barnard RT, Ziora ZM, Esatbeyoglu T. Phytochemical Profile, Biological Properties, and Food Applications of the Medicinal Plant Syzygium cumini. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030378. [PMID: 35159528 PMCID: PMC8834268 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Syzygium cumini, locally known as Jamun in Asia, is a fruit-bearing crop belonging to the Myrtaceae family. This study aims to summarize the most recent literature related to botany, traditional applications, phytochemical ingredients, pharmacological activities, nutrition, and potential food applications of S. cumini. Traditionally, S. cumini has been utilized to combat diabetes and dysentery, and it is given to females with a history of abortions. Anatomical parts of S. cumini exhibit therapeutic potentials including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antimalarial, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities attributed to the presence of various primary and secondary metabolites such as carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids (i.e., quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol), phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid) and anthocyanins (delphinidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, petunidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, malvidin-3,5-O-diglucoside). Different fruit parts of S. cumini have been employed to enhance the nutritional and overall quality of jams, jellies, wines, and fermented products. Today, S. cumini is also used in edible films. So, we believe that S. cumini’s anatomical parts, extracts, and isolated compounds can be used in the food industry with applications in food packaging and as food additives. Future research should focus on the isolation and purification of compounds from S. cumini to treat various disorders. More importantly, clinical trials are required to develop low-cost medications with a low therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qamar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (M.Q.); (S.A.); (T.I.)
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (M.Q.); (S.A.); (T.I.)
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (M.Q.); (S.A.); (T.I.)
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, P.O. Box 188, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Malik Waseem Abbas
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | | | - Ye Yuan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.Y.); (Z.M.Z.)
| | - Ross T. Barnard
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Zyta M. Ziora
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; (Y.Y.); (Z.M.Z.)
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Food Development and Food Quality, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Naveen Y, Urooj A, Byrappa K. A review on medicinal plants evaluated for anti-diabetic potential in clinical trials: Present status and future perspective. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kaur J, Bansal G. WHO prescribed shelf life assessment of Syzygium cumini extract through chromatographic and biological activity analyses. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2020; 11:294-300. [PMID: 31759785 PMCID: PMC7527807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory guidelines recommend shelf life of herbal products to be established through systematic stability studies. OBJECTIVE The study was designed to establish shelf life of Syzygium cumini extract through accelerated and long-term stability testing as per WHO guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS The extract was stored under accelerated (40°C/75 %RH) and long-term (25°C/60 %RH) stability conditions for 6 and 30 months, respectively. Samples were withdrawn at periodic intervals and analysed through two validated HPLC-UV methods (I and II) for fingerprint and quantitative analysis of markers. Antidiabetic activity of control and stability samples was evaluated by α-glucosidase inhibitory model. RESULTS Method I generated a well resolved fingerprint of the control sample that was found to contain gallic acid (GA, 1.45 % w/w) and ellagic acid (EA, 3.97 % w/w). The content of GA did not change under both the stability conditions, but that of EA varied insignificantly (3.97-4.77 % w/w) under long-term conditions up to 24 months and subsequently decrease to 3.15 % w/w after 30 months. There was no visible change in LC-UV fingerprint of any stability sample with respect to control. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of all stability samples also remained unaltered as compared to control sample (IC50 1.48 mg/mL). GA and EA did not elicit any activity at the concentrations present in the extract. CONCLUSION Phytochemical composition and antidiabetic efficacy of S. cumini extract remain unchanged during its storage under both accelerated and long-term stability conditions, which suggest its shelf life to be 30 months. Also, GA and EA are not appropriate anti-diabetic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeen Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, India.
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Gopalakrishnan R, Elumalai N, Alagirisamy R. Effect of polyherbal drug on oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1776772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chikkarayapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Nandhakumar Elumalai
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chikkarayapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Renuka Alagirisamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chikkarayapuram, Chennai, India
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Bagheri S, Saboury AA, Haertlé T. Adenosine deaminase inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:1246-1257. [PMID: 31520704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase is a critical enzyme in purine metabolism that regulates intra and extracellular adenosine concentrations by converting it to inosine. Adenosine is an important purine that regulates numerous physiological functions by interacting with its receptors. Adenosine and consequently adenosine deaminase can have pro or anti-inflammatory effects on tissues depending on how much time has passed from the start of the injury. In addition, an increase in adenosine deaminase activity has been reported for various diseases and the significant effect of deaminase inhibition on the clinical course of different diseases has been reported. However, the use of inhibitors is limited to only a few medical indications. Data on the increase of adenosine deaminase activity in different diseases and the impact of its inhibition in various cases have been collected and are discussed in this review. Overall, the evidence shows that many studies have been done to introduce inhibitors, however, in vivo studies have been much less than in vitro, and often have not been expanded for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - A A Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - T Haertlé
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nantes, France
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Du Y, Xu BJ, Deng X, Wu XW, Li YJ, Wang SR, Wang YN, Ji S, Guo MZ, Yang DZ, Tang DQ. Predictive metabolic signatures for the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy and the intervention of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract based on gas or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 166:30-39. [PMID: 30599279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the leading causes of death in diabetes mellitus (DM). Early warning and therapy has significant clinical value for DN. This research sought to find biomarkers to predict the occurrence and development of DN and the intervention of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract (GBE) by quantifying fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleosides and nucleobases in rat plasma. Samples were respectively collected at the weekend of 5-10 weeks after diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin were defined. Plasma fasting blood-glucose, kidney index, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urine albumin excretion and ultrastructural morphology of kidney were measured or observed. Fatty acids, amino acids and nucleosides and nucleobases in rat plasma were analyzed by gas chromatography or liquid phase chromatography and mass spectrometry, respectively. From the biochemical index and morphological change of kidney, the rats from the 5th to 7th week were in the stage of DM while from the begin of 8th week the rats were suggested in the early stage of DN. The results of quantitative metabolomics showed that 16 differential metabolites were related to the progression of DN, and oleic acid, glutamate and guanosine might be the potential biomarkers of kidney injury. 14 differential metabolites were related to GBE against the progression of DN, while oleic acid and glutamate might be the potential biomarkers of GBE against kidney injury. Those findings potentially promote the understanding of the pathogenic progression of DN and reveal the therapeutic mechanism of GBE against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Bing-Ju Xu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Wu
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yin-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shi-Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yi-Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Meng-Zhe Guo
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Dao-Quan Tang
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy of Jiangsu Province, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; Center for Experimental Animals, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Protective Effects of a Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Leaf on Oxidative Stress-Induced Diabetic Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5386079. [PMID: 30046378 PMCID: PMC6038589 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5386079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory and cardiometabolic activities due to its high content of polyphenols. We characterized the chemical composition and assessed the antidiabetic effects of a novel polyphenol-rich extract (PESc) obtained from S. cumini leaf. Rats were injected with alloxan (150 mg/kg, ip, ALX group) and followed up for 7 days. Some were orally treated with PESc (50 mg/kg/day) for 7 days before and after diabetes induction (ALX-PP) or only for 7 days after alloxan injection (ALX-P). ALX-P and ALX-PP decreased fasting glycemia in 37 and 43%, respectively, as compared to ALX. Triglycerides and total cholesterol serum levels were also significantly reduced in comparison to ALX. PESc presented high polyphenol concentration (71.78 ± 8.57 GAE/100 g), with flavonoid content of 8.21 ± 0.42 QE/100 g. Upon HPLC-MS/MS and MS/MS studies, five main polyphenols-gallic acid, quercetin, myricetin, and its derivatives-were identified. Myricetin was predominant (192.70 ± 16.50 μg/mg PESc), followed by measurable amounts of gallic acid (11.15 ± 0.90 μg/mg PESc) and quercetin (4.72 ± 0.06 μg/mg PESc). Kinetic assessment of total antioxidant capacity revealed PESc high potency, since maximum response was reached within 5 min reaction time in a concentration-dependent manner. Specific antioxidant activity of PESc was assessed against both DPPH• and ABTS•+, showing strong activity (IC50: 3.88 ± 1.09 and 5.98 ± 1.19 μg/mL, resp.). PESc also inhibited lipoxygenase activity (IC50: 27.63 ± 8.47), confirming its antioxidant activity also on biologically relevant radicals. Finally, PESc induced insulin secretion by directly stimulating INS-1E β cells in the absence of any cytotoxic effect. Overall, our results support that PESc is a potent antioxidant phytocomplex with potential pharmacological use as a preventive antidiabetic natural product.
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Mehta PK, de Sousa Galvão M, Soares AC, Nogueira JP, Narain N. Volatile Constituents of Jambolan (Syzygium cumini L.) Fruits at Three Maturation Stages and Optimization of HS-SPME GC-MS Method Using a Central Composite Design. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jagetia GC. Phytochemical Composition and Pleotropic Pharmacological Properties of Jamun, Syzygium Cumini Skeels. JOURNAL OF EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 2:54-66. [DOI: 10.14218/jerp.2016.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sathasivampillai SV, Rajamanoharan PRS, Munday M, Heinrich M. Plants used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine - An ethnopharmacological review of historical and modern sources. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:531-599. [PMID: 27448453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND In recent decades diabetes mellitus has become a considerable health problem in countries like Sri Lanka and results in an increasing economic burden hampering the social and economic development of these countries. About 60% to 70% of the rural population in Sri Lanka rely on indigenous medicinal systems as their main source for primary health care. Siddha (Tamil) Medicine is one of the four Sri Lankan traditional medicinal systems and it is practised mostly in the eastern and northern provinces of Sri Lanka where the majority of Tamils reside. AIM The foundation of this study is a documentation of plant species recorded in historical and modern Sri Lankan Siddha Medical documents used to treat diabetes. Based on the systematic documentation and analysis of Siddha concepts about diabetes and its signs and preparations used to treat diabetes in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine, the plant species included in these preparations (excluding globally or very widely used, very well studied species) were evaluated in terms of the current state-of-the-art about these species' pharmacology and effectiveness in order to lay a foundation for their further development. METHOD Historic and modern Sri Lankan university texts books in Tamil were used as sources for information on diabetes Siddha concepts and antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations. Information on the known antidiabetic effects of extracts and compounds obtained from these species were used in order to assess the current state of the art of these species. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Information of ingredients, preparation methods, amount of ingredients used, and dosages of 60 antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations were obtained. Animal parts including marine organisms, inorganic substances, and plants are the three types of ingredients used. Overall 171 plant species in 73 families were documented. Senna auriculata (L.) Roxb. (Fabaceae) was identified as the most frequently cited species. Globally distributed and very well studied plants were excluded in the pharmacological and clinical literature review which includes 123 plant species. The majority (48%) of the plant species reviewed were studied up to in vivo level as the current maximum level of scientific evidence available. Followed by 41% of species have not been studied for antidiabetic activities or did not show antidiabetic activity. Moreover, 6% and 5% were studied up to in vitro and in clinical levels, respectively. The majority of the species were studied only in the models that represent type 1 diabetes. CONCLUSION This is the first study systematically assessing the importance of preparations and plants used in antidiabetic Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine preparations. Antidiabetic plants are a crucial health care resource in Sri Lankan Siddha Medicine. This study also identified a wide range of methodological problems in the studies conducted so far. More and better type 2 diabetes models should be employed in future studies. This comprehensive review creates the basis for a more systematic study of these local resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pholtan R S Rajamanoharan
- Planning Unit, Provincial Department of Indigenous Medicine, Trincomalee, Eastern Province, Sri Lanka
| | - Michael Munday
- Research Cluster 'Biodiversity and Medicines', UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Research Cluster 'Biodiversity and Medicines', UCL School of Pharmacy, University of London, United Kingdom.
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Dutra RC, Campos MM, Santos AR, Calixto JB. Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:4-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Development of a capillary electrophoresis method for analyzing adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase and its application in inhibitor screening. Anal Biochem 2016; 506:31-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bitencourt PER, Bona KSD, Cargnelutti LO, Bonfanti G, Pigatto A, Boligon A, Athayde ML, Pierezan F, Zanette RA, Moretto MB. Syzygium cumini seed extract ameliorates adenosine deaminase activity and biochemical parameters but does not alter insulin sensitivity and pancreas architecture in a short-term model of diabetes. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 12:187-93. [PMID: 25955284 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2015-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of the aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini (ASc) in a short-term model of diabetes in rats are little explored. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of the ASc on adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity and on biochemical and histopathological parameters in diabetic rats. METHODS ASc (100 mg/kg) was administered for 21 days in control and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced (60 mg/kg) diabetic rats. ADA activity, lipoperoxidation (cerebral cortex, kidney, liver and pancreas) and biochemical (serum) and histopathological (pancreas) parameters were evaluated. RESULTS The main findings in this short-term model of Diabetes mellitus (DM) were that the ASc (i) significantly reverted the increase of ADA activity in serum and kidney; (ii) ameliorated the lipoperoxidation in the cerebral cortex and pancreas of the diabetic group; (iii) demonstrated hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic properties and recovered the liver glycogen; and iv) prevented the HOMA-IR index increase in the diabetic group. Therefore, the ASc can be a positive factor for increasing the availability of substrates with significant protective actions, such as adenosine. Moreover, by maintaining glycogen and HOMA-IR levels, the extract could modulate the hyperglycemic state through the direct peripheral glucose uptake. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that the short-term treatment with ASc has an important protective role under pathophysiological conditions caused by the early stage of DM. These results enhance our understanding of the effect of the ASc on the purinergic system in DM.
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De Bona KS, Bonfanti G, Bitencourt PER, da Silva TP, Borges RM, Boligon A, Pigatto A, Athayde ML, Moretto MB. Protective effect of gallic acid and Syzygium cumini extract against oxidative stress-induced cellular injury in human lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2015; 39:256-63. [PMID: 26364973 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2015.1084631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae) presents antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and antibacterial effects; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action in the immune system are not yet completely elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the in vitro effect of gallic acid and aqueous S. cumini leaf extract (ASc) on adenosine deaminase (ADA) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) activities, cell viability and oxidative stress parameters in lymphocytes exposed to 2, 2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS Lymphocytes were incubated with ASc (100 and 500 µg/ml) and gallic acid (50 and 200 µM) at 37 °C for 30 min followed by incubation with AAPH (1 mM) at 37 °C for 2 h. After the incubation time, the lymphocytes were used for determinations of ADA, DPP-IV and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, lipid peroxidation, protein thiol (P-SH) group levels and cellular viability by colorimetric methods. RESULTS (i) HPLC fingerprinting of ASc revealed the presence of catechin, epicatechin, rutin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol and chlorogenic, caffeic, gallic and ellagic acids; (ii) for the first time, ASc reduced the AAPH-induced increase in ADA activity, but no effect was observed on DPP-IV activity; (iii) ASc increased P-SH groups and cellular viability and decreased LDH activity, but was not able to reduce the AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation; (iv) gallic acid showed less protective effects than ASc. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ASc affects the purinergic system and may modulate adenosine levels, indicating that the extract of this plant exhibits immunomodulatory properties. ASc also may potentially prevent the cellular injury induced by oxidative stress, highlighting its cytoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Santos De Bona
- a Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bonfanti
- a Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | | | - Thainan Paz da Silva
- b Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, UFSM , Santa Maria , Brazil , and
| | | | - Aline Boligon
- b Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, UFSM , Santa Maria , Brazil , and
| | - Aline Pigatto
- c Franciscan University Center, UNIFRA , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil
| | | | - Maria Beatriz Moretto
- a Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria , RS , Brazil .,b Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, UFSM , Santa Maria , Brazil , and
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Sharma A, Paliwal G, Upadhyay N, Tiwari A. Therapeutic stimulation of GLP-1 and GIP protein with DPP-4 inhibitors for type-2 diabetes treatment. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2015; 14:15. [PMID: 26473146 PMCID: PMC4607261 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-015-0143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition is a new treatment for type-2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibition increases levels of active GLP-1. GLP-1 enhances insulin secretion and diminishes glucagon secretion, in this manner reducing glucose concentrations in blood. A number of DPP-4 inhibitors are under clinical development. However, the durability and long-term safety of DPP-4 inhibition remain to be established. These synthetic DPP-4 inhibitors are showing some side effects. Herbal medicines are alternative medicine over synthetic drugs that can relieve the patients. Various research studies have been carried all over the world to evaluate the efficacy of herbs in the treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus. For a long time type II diabetes mellitus has been treated orally with herbal medicines, because plant products are frequently prescribed due to their less toxicity than conventional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Sharma
- School of Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (State
Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, India
| | - Geetanjali Paliwal
- School of Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (State
Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, India
| | - Nisha Upadhyay
- School of Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (State
Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, India
| | - Archana Tiwari
- School of Biotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya (State
Technological University of Madhya Pradesh), Bhopal, India
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Moretto M, Cargnelutt L, Bitencourt P, Bochi G, Duarte T, Boligon A, Pigatto A, Athayde M, Moresco R. Syzygium cumini Leaf Extract Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Acute Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Adenosine Deaminase Activity and Proinflammatory Cytokine Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2015.56.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Implant of Polymer Containing Pentacyclic Triterpenes from Eugenia punicifolia Inhibits Inflammation and Activates Skeletal Muscle Remodeling. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 62:483-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Barringtonia acutangula improves the biochemical parameters in diabetic rats. Chin J Nat Med 2014; 12:126-30. [PMID: 24636063 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed at evaluating the anti-diabetic activity of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaf material of Barringtonia acutangula in a diabetic animal model. METHODS The ethanolic and aqueous extracts (250 and 500 mg·kg(-1) body weight) of the leaves of B. acutangula were assessed for antidiabetic activity in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes animal model following 21 days of treatment. Glibenclamide (0.6 mg·kg(-1) p.o.) was used as a positive control. The hematological parameters, such as blood glucose level, urea, creatinin, cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels were examined. RESULTS An acute toxicity study (5 000 mg·kg(-1), p.o.) did not produce any symptoms of toxicity. Significant reductions in blood glucose level, and serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were noted in animals treated with the extract. The high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLC) level was found to increase as compared with the diabetic control group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the leaf aqueous and ethanolic extracts of B. acutangula have anti-diabetic effects. The aqueous extract of B. acutangula produced a similar effect when compared with the ethanol extract. It is proposed that consumption of B. acutangula in some form like tea may help the management of diabetes.
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Syzygium cumini is more effective in preventing the increase of erythrocytic ADA activity than phenolic compounds under hyperglycemic conditions in vitro. J Physiol Biochem 2014; 70:321-30. [PMID: 24407852 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Syzygium cumini (S. cumini) is a plant known for its antidiabetic properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Sc aqueous leaf extract (ASc) on adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in erythrocytes (RBCs) exposed to high glucose concentrations (30 mM) in vitro. We also investigated the effects of the main phenolic compounds found in ASc (gallic acid, rutin, and chlorogenic acid) and the effects of insulin, caffeine, and dipyridamole, which are substances involved in the adenosine metabolism, on ADA activity in vitro. Blood samples were obtained from healthy volunteers and a suspension of RBCs was used for the determination of ADA activity. The results showed that: (1) the effect of ASc on ADA activity was more significant than the combination of phenolic compounds; (2) insulin, caffeine, or dipyridamole prevented high glucose increase of ADA activity at doses as low as 50 μU/mL, 25 μM, and 1 μM, respectively; (3) the inhibitory effect caused by ASc on erythrocyte ADA activity remained practically the same after the combination of the extract with insulin or caffeine; (4) when RBCs were exposed to ASc plus dipyridamole, this chemical attenuated the effect of ASc on ADA activity, suggesting an antagonism or a competition with ASc by the same site of action. Therefore, ASc was more effective in preventing the increase in ADA activity than phenolic compounds, suggesting that ASc may collaborate to improve endothelial dysfunction, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antithrombotic properties of adenosine by affecting its metabolism. The results of this study help to provide evidence of the empirically supported benefits of the use of S. cumini in diabetes.
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Butyrylcholinesterase and γ-Glutamyltransferase Activities and Oxidative Stress Markers Are Altered in Metabolic Syndrome, But Are Not Affected by Body Mass Index. Inflammation 2013; 36:1539-47. [PMID: 23933911 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Srivastava S, Chandra D. Pharmacological potentials of Syzygium cumini: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:2084-2093. [PMID: 23460190 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine, and these drugs are gaining popularity in both developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and lesser side effects. Syzygium cumini (syn. Eugenia jambolana, Syzygium jambolana, Eugenia cumini, Syzygium jambos), commonly known as jamun in India, is an evergreen tree distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and East Africa. It is mainly utilised as a fruit producer and for its timber. Medicinally, the fruit is reported to have antidiabetic, antihyperlipidaemic, antioxidant, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, antiallergic, antiarthritic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifertility, antipyretic, antiplaque, radioprotective, neuropsychopharmacological, nephroprotective and antidiarrhoeal activities. Among these beneficial physiological effects, the antidiabetic property of S. cumini has the most promising nutraceutical value. The health-beneficial effects of S. cumini are mainly attributed to various phytoconstituents such as tannins, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acids, phenols, minerals, carbohydrates and vitamins present in the fruit. This review paper presents an overview of experimental evidence for the pharmacological potential of S. cumini.
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Ayyanar M, Subash-Babu P, Ignacimuthu S. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels., a novel therapeutic agent for diabetes: folk medicinal and pharmacological evidences. Complement Ther Med 2013; 21:232-43. [PMID: 23642956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During the past few decades numerous folk medicinal and scientific investigations on the antidiabetic effects of jambolan (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) have been reported. However no comprehensive evidence-based review is available. Hence this review was aimed to summarize the antidiabetic effects of different parts and active principles of jambolan. METHODS The review is based on the available electronic literature indexed in the PubMed. The search terms were: Syzygium cumini, Eugenia jambolana, jambolan, jamun, and java plum with and without antidiabetic effect. RESULTS Based on experimental studies and folk medicinal evidences, we summarized an up to date and comprehensive report on the antidiabetic activity of jambolan. The mode of action of some of the parts and active principles is also included. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that, different parts of this plant especially fruits, seeds and stem bark were reported for promising activity against diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Till date no review is available for the evidence based preclinical/clinical study of jambolan with its antidiabetic effect. There is an immediate attention need for detailed analysis to identify its active principles. It could be used to produce safer drugs to treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniappan Ayyanar
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600 030, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Atale N, Chakraborty M, Mohanty S, Bhattacharya S, Nigam D, Sharma M, Rani V. Cardioprotective Role of Syzygium cumini Against Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress in H9C2 Cardiac Myocytes. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2013; 13:278-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gowda MNV, Vasudha KC, Reshma S, Sujatha KJ. Serum Adenosine deaminase activity in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-012-0087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Aqueous seed extract of Syzygium cumini inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and adenosine deaminase activities, but it does not change the CD26 expression in lymphocytes in vitro. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 69:119-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Trojan-Rodrigues M, Alves TLS, Soares GLG, Ritter MR. Plants used as antidiabetics in popular medicine in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:155-163. [PMID: 22079795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plants are widely as antidiabetics. The study of these plants is essential because many of them may have undesirable effects, such as acute or chronic toxicity; or their use may even delay or discourage the adoption of the proper and effective treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study surveyed the plant species that are popularly used to treat diabetes mellitus in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. Sixteen ethnobotanical surveys performed in the state were consulted, and the species used to treat diabetes were listed. For species cited in at least two of the studies, scientific data related to antidiabetic activity were searched in the ISI Knowledge database. The scientific binomial of each species was used as keywords, and data found in review papers were also included. RESULTS A total of 81 species in 42 families were mentioned; the most important families were Asteraceae and Myrtaceae. Twenty eight species were cited at least twice as being used to treat diabetes in the state. For 11 of these, no scientific data regarding antidiabetic activity could be located. The species most frequently mentioned for use with diabetes were Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae) and Bauhinia forficata (Fabaceae), in 12 studies each, followed by Sphagneticola trilobata (Asteraceae), in six studies; and Baccharis trimera (Asteraceae), Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae), Cynara scolymus (Asteraceae), and Leandra australis (Melastomataceae) in four studies each. Bauhinia forficata and Syzygium cumini have been studied in more detail for antidiabetic activity. CONCLUSIONS A considerable number of plant species are traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes melitus in the Rio Grande do Sul State. The majority of those plants that have been studied for antidiabetic activity showed promising results, mainly for Bauhinia forficata and Syzygium cumini. However, for most of the plants mentioned, the studies are not sufficient to guarantee the efficacy and safety in the use of these plants in the treatment against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trojan-Rodrigues
- Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédio 43433, Campus do Vale, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Middha SK, Usha T, Tripathi P, Marathe KY, Jain T, Bhatt B, Masurkar YP, Pande V. An In vitro studies on indigenous ayurvedic plants, having hypoglycemic activity. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhou J, Zhou S, Zeng S. Experimental diabetes treated with trigonelline: effect on β cell and pancreatic oxidative parameters. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2011; 27:279-87. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tobal TM, da Silva R, Gomes E, Bolini HMA, Boscolo M. Evaluation of the use ofSyzygium cuminifruit extract as an antioxidant additive in orange juice and its sensorial impact. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2011; 63:273-7. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2011.621412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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De Bona KS, Bellé LP, Bittencourt PER, Bonfanti G, Cargnelluti LO, Pimentel VC, Ruviaro AR, Schetinger MRC, Emanuelli T, Moretto MB. Erythrocytic enzymes and antioxidant status in people with type 2 diabetes: beneficial effect of Syzygium cumini leaf extract in vitro. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 94:84-90. [PMID: 21737173 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Syzygium cumini leaf extract (ASc), on Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, and also on oxidative stress parameters in erythrocytes hemolysates (RBCs) and erythrocytes membranes (ghosts) from type 2 diabetics patients (Type 2 DM) under in vitro conditions. Non protein thiol groups (NP-SH), AChE, Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activities were measure in RBCs. Further, ADA activity, Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substances (TBARS) levels and protein thiol groups (P-SH) were estimated in ghosts. Also, P-SH and Vitamin C (VIT C) were measure in plasma sample. The results demonstrated that ADA and AChE activities, besides TBARS levels were higher in erythrocytes of Type 2 DM, while SOD activity and NP-SH levels were decreased when compared to control group. ASc, in vitro, reduced ADA and AChE activities and some parameters of oxidative stress. Furthermore, we observed correlations between VIT C and P-SH levels, ADA activity and P-SH levels, as well as NP-SH and TBARS levels in diabetics. The results suggest that ASc in vitro is able to promote the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress parameters, and act against biochemical changes occurring in Diabetes mellitus (DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Santos De Bona
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Bellé LP, Bitencourt PER, Bona KS, Zanette RA, Moresco RN, Moretto MB. Expression of CD26 and its Association with Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Activity in Lymphocytes of Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Cell Biochem Biophys 2011; 61:297-302. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Leite PEC, de Almeida KB, Lagrota-Candido J, Trindade P, da Silva RF, Ribeiro MGL, Lima-Araújo KG, Santos WC, Quirico-Santos T. Anti-inflammatory activity of Eugenia punicifolia extract on muscular lesion of mdx dystrophic mice. J Cell Biochem 2010; 111:1652-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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