1
|
TAKEUCHI S, ALI MS, TANIMOTO Y, KAGE-NAKADAI E. Lactococcus kimchii extends lifespan and alleviates motility decline in Caenorhabditis elegans through ins-20, an insulin-like peptide gene. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2024; 43:267-274. [PMID: 38966057 PMCID: PMC11220334 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Lactococcus kimchii is isolated from commercial kimchi, which is a traditional Korean fermented food. This study was conducted to evaluate the probiotic effects of L. kimchii. Caenorhabditis elegans was fed L. kimchii, and its longevity, motility, and gene expression were examined. When fed a 1:1 mixture of Escherichia coli OP50 and L. kimchii (OP+LK), C. elegans had a significantly longer lifespan and increased locomotion than when it was fed OP alone. There was no significant difference in brood size between the OP+LK and OP groups, suggesting that these effects occurred in a dietary restriction-independent manner. RNA sequencing and Gene Ontology analysis showed that the expression of ins-20, an insulin-like peptide and agonist of the insulin receptor, was significantly upregulated in the OP+LK group. The ins-20 mutation annulled the effects of OP+LK on lifespan extension and motility. In addition, OP+LK failed to extend the lifespan of C. elegans deficient in daf-2, a receptor for the insulin-like signaling pathway. These results suggest that L. kimchii extends the lifespan and alleviates motility decline in C. elegans through the insulin signaling pathway, highlighting the potential of using L. kimchii as a beneficial bacterium for probiotics and postbiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shino TAKEUCHI
- Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan
University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Mohammad Shaokat ALI
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University,
3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi 558-8585, Japan
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Chattogram Veterinary
and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Yoshihiko TANIMOTO
- Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan
University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe Institute of Health,
Hyogo 650-0046, Japan
| | - Eriko KAGE-NAKADAI
- Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan
University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University,
3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka-shi 558-8585, Japan
- Present address: Institute for Life and Medical Sciences,
Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pires da Silva A, Kelleher R, Reynoldson L. Decoding lifespan secrets: the role of the gonad in Caenorhabditis elegans aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1380016. [PMID: 38605866 PMCID: PMC11008531 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1380016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The gonad has become a central organ for understanding aging in C. elegans, as removing the proliferating stem cells in the germline results in significant lifespan extension. Similarly, when starvation in late larval stages leads to the quiescence of germline stem cells the adult nematode enters reproductive diapause, associated with an extended lifespan. This review summarizes recent advancements in identifying the mechanisms behind gonad-mediated lifespan extension, including comparisons with other nematodes and the role of lipid signaling and transcriptional changes. Given that the gonad also mediates lifespan regulation in other invertebrates and vertebrates, elucidating the underlying mechanisms may help to gain new insights into the mechanisms and evolution of aging.
Collapse
|
3
|
Suryawinata N, Yokosawa R, Tan KHC, Lai AL, Sone R, Mori I, Noma K. Dietary E. coli promotes age-dependent chemotaxis decline in C. elegans. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5529. [PMID: 38448519 PMCID: PMC10918063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
An animal's ability to sense odors declines during aging, and its olfactory drive is tuned by internal states such as satiety. However, whether internal states modulate an age-dependent decline in odor sensation is unknown. To address this issue, we utilized the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and compared their chemotaxis abilities toward attractive odorants when aged under different dietary conditions. Feeding with the standard laboratory diet, Escherichia coli attenuated the chemotaxis ability toward diacetyl, isoamyl alcohol, and benzaldehyde when aged. On the other hand, feeding with either the lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri or food deprivation selectively maintained the chemotaxis ability toward diacetyl. Our results suggest that ingestion of E. coli causes age-dependent chemotaxis decline. The changes in the chemotaxis behavior are attributed to the different expressions of diacetyl receptor odr-10, and the chemotaxis behavior of aged animals under food deprivation is shown to be dependent on daf-16. Our study demonstrates the molecular mechanism of how diet shapes the trajectory of age-dependent decline in chemosensory behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Suryawinata
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Rikuou Yokosawa
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Group of Microbial Motility, Division of Natural Science, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ke Hui Cassandra Tan
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Alison Lok Lai
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryusei Sone
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
- Group of Microbial Motility, Division of Natural Science, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ikue Mori
- Group of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noma
- Group of Nutritional Neuroscience, Graduate School of Science, Neuroscience Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.
- Group of Microbial Motility, Division of Natural Science, Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tumbapo S, Strudwick A, Stastna JJ, Harvey SC, Bloemink MJ. Moderate dietary restriction delays the onset of age-associated sarcopenia in Caenorhabditis elegans due to reduced myosin UNC-54 degradation. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 217:111900. [PMID: 38163472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a gradual decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength, is a major component of frailty in the elderly, with age, (lack of) exercise and diet found to be the major risk factors. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model of sarcopenia. Although many studies describe loss of muscle function in ageing C. elegans, surprisingly few report on the loss of muscle mass. Here, in order to quantify loss of muscle mass under various dietary restriction (DR) conditions, we used an internal GFP standard to determine levels of the major body wall muscle myosin (UNC-54) in transgenic unc-54::gfp worms over their lifespan. Myosin density linearly increased during the first week of adulthood and there was no significant effect of DR. In contrast, an exponential decrease in myosin density was seen during the second week of adulthood, with reduced rates of myosin loss for mild and medium DR compared to control. UNC-54 turnover rates, previously determined using pulse-labelling methods, correspond well with the t1/2 value found here for UNC-54-GFP using fluorescence (control t1/2 = 12.0 days), independently validating our approach. These data indicate that sarcopenia is delayed in worms under mild and medium DR due to a reduced rate of myosin UNC-54 degradation, thereby maintaining protein homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobha Tumbapo
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Strudwick
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, United Kingdom
| | - Jana J Stastna
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Harvey
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, United Kingdom; Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, United Kingdom
| | - Marieke J Bloemink
- School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT1 1QU, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang R, Lv X, Xu W, Li X, Tang X, Huang H, Yang M, Ma S, Wang N, Niu Y. Effects of the periodic fasting-mimicking diet on health, lifespan, and multiple diseases: a narrative review and clinical implications. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae003. [PMID: 38287649 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction and fasting have been recognized for their beneficial effects on health and lifespan and their potential application in managing chronic metabolic diseases. However, long-term adherence to strict dietary restrictions and prolonged fasting poses challenges for most individuals and may lead to unhealthy rebound eating habits, negatively affecting overall health. As a result, a periodic fasting-mimicking diet (PFMD), involving cycles of fasting for 2 or more days while ensuring basic nutritional needs are met within a restricted caloric intake, has gained widespread acceptance. Current research indicates that a PFMD can promote stem cell regeneration, suppress inflammation, extend the health span of rodents, and improve metabolic health, among other effects. In various disease populations such as patients with diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease, a PFMD has shown efficacy in alleviating disease symptoms and improving relevant markers. After conducting an extensive analysis of available research on the PFMD, it is evident that its advantages and potential applications are comparable to other fasting methods. Consequently, it is proposed in this review that a PFMD has the potential to fully replace water-only or very-low-energy fasting regimens and holds promise for application across multiple diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruohua Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenyu Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuanfeng Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Mengxia Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuran Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yucun Niu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Modafferi S, Lupo G, Tomasello M, Rampulla F, Ontario M, Scuto M, Salinaro AT, Arcidiacono A, Anfuso CD, Legmouz M, Azzaoui FZ, Palmeri A, Spano' S, Biamonte F, Cammilleri G, Fritsch T, Sidenkova A, Calabrese E, Wenzel U, Calabrese V. Antioxidants, Hormetic Nutrition, and Autism. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1156-1168. [PMID: 37592816 PMCID: PMC10964097 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230817085811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a heterogeneous group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by atypical behaviors with two core pathological manifestations: deficits in social interaction/communication and repetitive behaviors, which are associated with disturbed redox homeostasis. Modulation of cellular resilience mechanisms induced by low levels of stressors represents a novel approach for the development of therapeutic strategies, and in this context, neuroprotective effects of a wide range of polyphenol compounds have been demonstrated in several in vitro and in vivo studies and thoroughly reviewed. Mushrooms have been used in traditional medicine for many years and have been associated with a long list of therapeutic properties, including antitumor, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects. Our recent studies have strikingly indicated the presence of polyphenols in nutritional mushrooms and demonstrated their protective effects in different models of neurodegenerative disorders in humans and rats. Although their therapeutic effects are exerted through multiple mechanisms, increasing attention is focusing on their capacity to induce endogenous defense systems by modulating cellular signaling processes such as nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. Here we discuss the protective role of hormesis and its modulation by hormetic nutrients in ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Modafferi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Mario Tomasello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Francesco Rampulla
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Marialaura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Antonio Arcidiacono
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Maria Legmouz
- Department of Biologie, Laboratory of Biologie and Health, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Fatima-Zahra Azzaoui
- Department of Biologie, Laboratory of Biologie and Health, Faculty of Science, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Agostino Palmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Sestina Spano'
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Francesca Biamonte
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| | - Gaetano Cammilleri
- Food Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Alena Sidenkova
- Department of Psychiatry, Ural State Medical University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Edward Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Uwe Wenzel
- Institut für Ernährungswissenschaft, Justus Liebig Universitat Giessen, Germany
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, 950125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liang L, Yue Y, Zhong L, Liang Y, Shi R, Luo R, Zhao M, Cao X, Yang M, Du J, Shen X, Wang Y, Shu Z. Anti-aging activities of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. crude polysaccharide in Caenorhabditis elegans based on gut microbiota and metabonomic analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127647. [PMID: 37884235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a degenerative progress, accompanied by oxidative damage, metabolic disorders and intestinal flora imbalance. Natural macromolecular polysaccharides have shown excellent anti-aging and antioxidant properties, while maintaining metabolic and intestinal homeostasis. The molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, infrared spectrum and other chemical structure information of four Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides (RG50, RG70, RG90, RGB) were determined, and their free radical scavenging ability was assessed. Molecular weight and monosaccharide composition analysis exhibited that RG50 (2-72 kDa), RG70 (3.2-37 kDa), RG70 (3-42 kDa), and RGB (3.1-180 kDa) were heteropolysaccharide with significant different monosaccharide species and molar ratios. We found that RG70 had the best antioxidant activity in vitro and RG70 could enhance the antioxidant enzyme system of Caenorhabditis elegans, diminished lipofuscin and reactive oxygen species levels, up-regulate the expression of daf-16, skn-1 and their downstream genes, and down-regulate the expression of age-1. Metabolomics results showed that RG70 mainly influenced glycine, serine and threonine metabolism and citric acid cycle. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that RG70 significantly up-regulated the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4B4_group, which were positively correlated with amino acid metabolism and energy cycling. These results suggest that RG70 may delay aging by enhancing antioxidant effects, affecting probiotics and regulating key metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanyuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yimin Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luyang Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yefang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruixiang Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rongfeng Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengru Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jieyong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuejuan Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zunpeng Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vérièpe-Salerno J, Podavini S, Long MJ, Kolotuev I, Cuendet M, Thome M. MALT-1 shortens lifespan by inhibiting autophagy in the intestine of C. elegans. AUTOPHAGY REPORTS 2023; 2:2277584. [PMID: 38510643 PMCID: PMC7615756 DOI: 10.1080/27694127.2023.2277584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The caspase-like protease MALT1 promotes immune responses and oncogenesis in mammals by activating the transcription factor NF-κB. MALT1 is remarkably conserved from mammals to simple metazoans devoid of NF-κB homologs, like the nematode C. elegans. To discover more ancient, NF-κB -independent MALT1 functions, we analysed the phenotype of C. elegans upon silencing of MALT-1 expression systemically or in a tissue-specific manner. MALT-1 silencing in the intestine caused a significant increase in life span, whereas intestinal overexpression of MALT-1 shortened life expectancy. Interestingly, MALT-1-deficient animals showed higher constitutive levels of autophagy in the intestine, which were particularly evident in aged or starved nematodes. Silencing of the autophagy regulators ATG-13, BEC-1 or LGG-2, but not the TOR homolog LET-363, reversed lifespan extension caused by MALT-1 deficiency. These findings suggest that MALT-1 limits the lifespan of C. elegans by acting as an inhibitor of an early step of autophagy in the intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Vérièpe-Salerno
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Podavini
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Marcus J.C. Long
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Irina Kolotuev
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Lausanne, Quartier Sorge – Biophore, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Immunobiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Scieszka D, Bolt AM, McCormick MA, Brigman JL, Campen MJ. Aging, longevity, and the role of environmental stressors: a focus on wildfire smoke and air quality. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1267667. [PMID: 37900096 PMCID: PMC10600394 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1267667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process involving multiple interacting mechanisms and is being increasingly linked to environmental exposures such as wildfire smoke. In this review, we detail the hallmarks of aging, emphasizing the role of telomere attrition, cellular senescence, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis, genomic instability, and mitochondrial dysfunction, while also exploring integrative hallmarks - altered intercellular communication and stem cell exhaustion. Within each hallmark of aging, our review explores how environmental disasters like wildfires, and their resultant inhaled toxicants, interact with these aging mechanisms. The intersection between aging and environmental exposures, especially high-concentration insults from wildfires, remains under-studied. Preliminary evidence, from our group and others, suggests that inhaled wildfire smoke can accelerate markers of neurological aging and reduce learning capabilities. This is likely mediated by the augmentation of circulatory factors that compromise vascular and blood-brain barrier integrity, induce chronic neuroinflammation, and promote age-associated proteinopathy-related outcomes. Moreover, wildfire smoke may induce a reduced metabolic, senescent cellular phenotype. Future interventions could potentially leverage combined anti-inflammatory and NAD + boosting compounds to counter these effects. This review underscores the critical need to study the intricate interplay between environmental factors and the biological mechanisms of aging to pave the way for effective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Scieszka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Alicia M. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Mark A. McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Matthew J. Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Beydoun S, Sridhar A, Tuckowski AM, Wang E, Leiser SF. C22 disrupts embryogenesis and extends C. elegans lifespan. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241554. [PMID: 37791350 PMCID: PMC10544340 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is an instrumental model in aging research due to its large brood size, short lifespan, and malleable genetics. However, maintaining a synchronous nematode population for longevity studies is challenging and time consuming due to their quick rate of development and reproduction. Multiple methods are employed in the field, ranging from worm strains with temperature dependent sterility to DNA replication inhibitors such as 5'-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR). In this study, we characterize a small molecule (C22) that impairs eggshell integrity and disrupts early embryogenesis to determine its applicability as a potential FUdR alternative. We find that C22 prevents egg hatching in a concentration dependent manner. However, it extends the lifespan of wild type worms and can induce FMO-2, a longevity regulating enzyme downstream of dietary restriction. Our results suggest that C22 is unlikely to be widely useful as an alternative to FUdR but its mechanism for lifespan extension may be worth further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Beydoun
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Aditya Sridhar
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Angela M. Tuckowski
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Emily Wang
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Scott F. Leiser
- Molecular and Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sithole S, Nyoka NWK, Kamdem MM, Otomo PV. Dietary deprivation reduces the deleterious effects of carbaryl on the survival and activity of both catalase and acetylcholinesterase in earthworms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115293. [PMID: 37517307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) and dietary deprivation (DD) have been shown to be significantly beneficial in terms of lifespan gains and stress alleviation in invertebrate and vertebrate species. Such beneficial effects, however, have yet to be clearly assessed in the presence of chemical stressors. We conducted a comparative evaluation of the toxicity of carbaryl in Eisenia fetida individuals subjected to a full diet (FD), DR and DD. For 14 days, groups of ten worms subjected to FD received 5 g oatmeal, those subjected to DR received 2.5 g oatmeal, and those subjected to DD received 0 g oatmeal weekly. We evaluated concentrations of 0, 7, 14 and 28 mg carbaryl.kg-1 soil and measured effects on survival, reproduction, biomass and biomarkers (Catalase- CAT and acetylcholine esterase- AChE). Carbaryl caused a total inhibition of reproduction in all the treatments. For each diet level, the 14-day LC50 s were higher than 28 mg.kg-1, but the 14-day LC20 s for the earthworms subjected to FD, DR, and DD were 11.24, 20.51 and > 28 mg.kg-1, respectively. This showed that the toxicity of carbaryl consistently decreased with the reduction in nutrients. Carbaryl caused a significant weight loss in the worms subjected to FD in the 7 mg.kg-1 treatment (P = 0.0065). Such weight loss was not found in any of the other treatments and diets. Both CAT and AChE were significantly inhibited in the two highest treatments (P = 0.0071 and P = 0.0073, respectively). Interestingly, the earthworms subjected to DD showed relatively lower biomarker inhibition, indicating a greater tolerance to oxidative and neurotoxic stresses in these starved earthworms. For all endpoints investigated, aside from reproduction, the starved earthworms fared better under carbaryl toxicity than those given the other diets. Overall, a positive correlation was observed between the amount of food and chemical toxicity as mortality rates, AChE and CAT inhibition increased with the increased amount of nutrients given to the worms. These results show that, in the presence of a chemical stressor, the beneficial effects of DR and DD were variably manifest for select lifecycle parameters and biomarker responses, further suggesting dietary reduction as a non-genetic intervention that could help extend lifespan and alleviate stress even under a chemical insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sipho Sithole
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Private Bag x13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, Republic of South Africa
| | - Ngitheni Winnie-Kate Nyoka
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Private Bag x13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, Republic of South Africa.
| | - Michel Mathurin Kamdem
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Private Bag x13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, Republic of South Africa
| | - Patricks Voua Otomo
- Ecotoxicology Research Group, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, Private Bag x13, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, Republic of South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Possik E, Klein LL, Sanjab P, Zhu R, Côté L, Bai Y, Zhang D, Sun H, Al-Mass A, Oppong A, Ahmad R, Parker A, Madiraju SRM, Al-Mulla F, Prentki M. Glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase/PGPH-2 counters metabolic stress and promotes healthy aging via a glycogen sensing-AMPK-HLH-30-autophagy axis in C. elegans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5214. [PMID: 37626039 PMCID: PMC10457390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress caused by excess nutrients accelerates aging. We recently demonstrated that the newly discovered enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP; gene Pgp), which operates an evolutionarily conserved glycerol shunt that hydrolyzes glucose-derived glycerol-3-phosphate to glycerol, counters metabolic stress and promotes healthy aging in C. elegans. However, the mechanism whereby G3PP activation extends healthspan and lifespan, particularly under glucotoxicity, remained unknown. Here, we show that the overexpression of the C. elegans G3PP homolog, PGPH-2, decreases fat levels and mimics, in part, the beneficial effects of calorie restriction, particularly in glucotoxicity conditions, without reducing food intake. PGPH-2 overexpression depletes glycogen stores activating AMP-activate protein kinase, which leads to the HLH-30 nuclear translocation and activation of autophagy, promoting healthy aging. Transcriptomics reveal an HLH-30-dependent longevity and catabolic gene expression signature with PGPH-2 overexpression. Thus, G3PP overexpression activates three key longevity factors, AMPK, the TFEB homolog HLH-30, and autophagy, and may be an attractive target for age-related metabolic disorders linked to excess nutrients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elite Possik
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, Canada.
| | - Laura-Lee Klein
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Perla Sanjab
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Laurence Côté
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ying Bai
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, 13060, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Howard Sun
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anfal Al-Mass
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, 13060, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Abel Oppong
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Departments of Immunology, Microbiology, Genetics, and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Alex Parker
- Department of Neurosciences, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - S R Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Departments of Immunology, Microbiology, Genetics, and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montreal, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim BS, Alcantara AV, Moon JH, Higashitani A, Higashitani N, Etheridge T, Szewczyk NJ, Deane CS, Gaffney CJ, Higashibata A, Hashizume T, Yoon KH, Lee JI. Comparative Analysis of Muscle Atrophy During Spaceflight, Nutritional Deficiency and Disuse in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12640. [PMID: 37628820 PMCID: PMC10454569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
While spaceflight is becoming more common than before, the hazards spaceflight and space microgravity pose to the human body remain relatively unexplored. Astronauts experience muscle atrophy after spaceflight, but the exact reasons for this and solutions are unknown. Here, we take advantage of the nematode C. elegans to understand the effects of space microgravity on worm body wall muscle. We found that space microgravity induces muscle atrophy in C. elegans from two independent spaceflight missions. As a comparison to spaceflight-induced muscle atrophy, we assessed the effects of acute nutritional deprivation and muscle disuse on C. elegans muscle cells. We found that these two factors also induce muscle atrophy in the nematode. Finally, we identified clp-4, which encodes a calpain protease that promotes muscle atrophy. Mutants of clp-4 suppress starvation-induced muscle atrophy. Such comparative analyses of different factors causing muscle atrophy in C. elegans could provide a way to identify novel genetic factors regulating space microgravity-induced muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ban-seok Kim
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (B.-s.K.); (A.V.A.J.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Alfredo V. Alcantara
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (B.-s.K.); (A.V.A.J.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Je-Hyun Moon
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (B.-s.K.); (A.V.A.J.); (J.-H.M.)
| | - Atsushi Higashitani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (N.H.)
| | - Nahoko Higashitani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan (N.H.)
| | - Timothy Etheridge
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (T.E.); (C.S.D.)
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
| | - Colleen S. Deane
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (T.E.); (C.S.D.)
- Human Development & Health Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Christopher J. Gaffney
- Lancaster Medical School, Health Innovation One, Sir John Fisher Drive, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4AT, UK;
| | - Akira Higashibata
- Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Toko Hashizume
- Advanced Engineering Services Co., Ltd., Tsukuba 305-0032, Japan
| | - Kyoung-hye Yoon
- Department of Physiology, Mitohormesis Research Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin I. Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (B.-s.K.); (A.V.A.J.); (J.-H.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao Y, Fu Y, Sun L, Yu Y, Min X, Wei Q, Huang S, Zhao S, Wang L, Wang Y, Li Y, Zheng X, Zhang C, Xu H, Wang X, Lee GD. A novel fasting regimen revealed protein reservation and complement C3 down-regulation after 14-day's continual dietary deprivation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150547. [PMID: 37484967 PMCID: PMC10359884 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim is to evaluate the effect of a novel 14-day fasting regimen on the balance between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue composition which might associate with inflammatory factors. Our analysis includes basic physical examinations, clinical laboratory analysis, bioelectrical impedance and biochemical analytic assessments of healthy volunteers. Methods Eight healthy subjects were randomly selected from a pool of volunteers to undergo a continual dietary deprivation (CDD) regimen. Individuals were assigned to take Flexible Abrosia (FA, prebiotic combination) plus appropriate mineral supplement of potassium and magnesium at 3 mealtime every day to prevent potential injury from starved intestinal flora and avoid spasms of smooth muscle due to hunger. Physical and medical examinations were conducted and blood samples were collected at following timepoints: before CDD as self-control (0D), day 7 and day 14 during fasting, and 7-21days and/or 2~3mo after refeeding. Results The combination of FA and mineral supplements significantly decreased self-reported physical response of starvation, with tolerable hunger-mediated sensations experienced during CDD. Bioelectrical and biochemical results indicated significant reduction in both muscle lean and fat mass on day 7. Meanwhile, markers related to fat composition consistently decreased during and after CDD. In addition, most biochemical marker levels, including serum proteins, reached their inflection points at the 7th day of CDD as compared to the control measurements. Levels of these factors started to show a relative plateau, or reversed direction upon the 14th day of CDD. The exceptions of above factors were myostatin and complement protein C3, which remained at lower concentrations in the blood throughout CDD, and were unable to fully recover toward baseline levels even after 3 months' refeeding. Conclusion Our results indicated that human subjects undergoing prolonged dietary restriction were well protected by FA and mineral ions from gut injury or physical discomfort of starvation. Most factors showed a relative plateau response at the end of 14D-CDD. The muscle tissues were well preserved during prolonged fasting, and an improved protein/lipid ratio was observed. Upon refeeding, constant lower levels of myostatin and complement C3 were maintained after CDD implies a long-term beneficial effect in dealing with anti-aging and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Hao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yu Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Liangliang Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yaying Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xia Min
- College of National Security, University of National Defense, Beijing, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Shuangjian Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Li Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - YuanYuan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xia Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Institute on Aging and Disease of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Garrick D. Lee
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
- Institute on Aging and Disease of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Endogenous DAF-16 spatiotemporal activity quantitatively predicts lifespan extension induced by dietary restriction. Commun Biol 2023; 6:203. [PMID: 36807646 PMCID: PMC9941123 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In many organisms, dietary restriction (DR) leads to lifespan extension through the activation of cell protection and pro-longevity gene expression programs. In the nematode C. elegans, the DAF-16 transcription factor is a key aging regulator that governs the Insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway and undergoes translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of cells when animals are exposed to food limitation. However, how large is the influence of DR on DAF-16 activity, and its subsequent impact on lifespan has not been quantitatively determined. In this work, we assess the endogenous activity of DAF-16 under various DR regimes by coupling CRISPR/Cas9-enabled fluorescent tagging of DAF-16 with quantitative image analysis and machine learning. Our results indicate that DR regimes induce strong endogenous DAF-16 activity, although DAF-16 is less responsive in aged individuals. DAF-16 activity is in turn a robust predictor of mean lifespan in C. elegans, accounting for 78% of its variability under DR. Analysis of tissue-specific expression aided by a machine learning tissue classifier reveals that, under DR, the largest contribution to DAF-16 nuclear intensity originates from the intestine and neurons. DR also drives DAF-16 activity in unexpected locations such as the germline and intestinal nucleoli.
Collapse
|
16
|
Santos AL, Sinha S. Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:341-435. [PMID: 37120475 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The gradual ageing of the world population has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. The adipose tissue dysfunction associated with ageing and obesity shares many common physiological features, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity may help elucidate the processes that contribute to the metabolic disturbances that occur with ageing. This, in turn, may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and age-related metabolic disorders. Because oxidative stress plays a critical role in these pathological processes, antioxidant dietary interventions could be of therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases and obesity and their complications. In this chapter, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which obesity predisposes individuals to accelerated ageing. Additionally, we critically review the potential of antioxidant dietary interventions to counteract obesity and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- IdISBA - Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Kofler B, Herzog C. Dietary restriction in senolysis and prevention and treatment of disease. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5242-5268. [PMID: 36484738 PMCID: PMC7616065 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2153355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging represents a key risk factor for a plethora of diseases. Targeting detrimental processes which occur during aging, especially before onset of age-related disease, could provide drastic improvements in healthspan. There is increasing evidence that dietary restriction (DR), including caloric restriction, fasting, or fasting-mimicking diets, extend both lifespan and healthspan. This has sparked interest in the use of dietary regimens as a non-pharmacological means to slow aging and prevent disease. Here, we review the current evidence on the molecular mechanisms underlying DR-induced health improvements, including removal of senescent cells, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabollism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Institute for Biomedical Ageing, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabollism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Chiara Herzog
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Institute for Biomedical Ageing, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schifano E, Conta G, Preziosi A, Ferrante C, Batignani G, Mancini P, Tomassini A, Sciubba F, Scopigno T, Uccelletti D, Miccheli A. 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (2-HIBA) modulates ageing and fat deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:986022. [PMID: 36533081 PMCID: PMC9749906 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.986022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
High levels of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (2-HIBA) were found in urines of patients with obesity and hepatic steatosis, suggesting a potential involvement of this metabolite in clinical conditions. The gut microbial origin of 2-HIBA was hypothesized, however its actual origin and role in biological processes are still not clear. We investigated how treatment with 2-HIBA affected the physiology of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, in both standard and high-glucose diet (HGD) growth conditions, by targeted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) and two-photon fluorescence microscopy. In standard conditions, 2-HIBA resulted particularly effective to extend the lifespan, delay ageing processes and stimulate the oxidative stress resistance in wild type nematodes through the activation of insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) and p38 MAPK pathways and, consequently, through a reduction of ROS levels. Moreover, variations of lipid accumulation observed in treated worms correlated with transcriptional levels of fatty acid synthesis genes and with the involvement of peptide transporter PEP-2. In HGD conditions, the effect of 2-HIBA on C. elegans resulted in a reduction of the lipid droplets deposition, accordingly with an increase of acs-2 gene transcription, involved in β-oxidation processes. In addition, the pro-longevity effect appeared to be correlated to higher levels of tryptophan, which may play a role in restoring the decreased viability observed in the HGD untreated nematodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Schifano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory of Sapienza (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Preziosi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carino Ferrante
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Batignani
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberta Tomassini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory of Sapienza (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Sciubba
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory of Sapienza (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tullio Scopigno
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- NMR-based Metabolomics Laboratory of Sapienza (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Letsinger AC, Yang F, Menon R, Little-Letsinger SE, Granados JZ, Breidenbach B, Iyer AR, Padovani TC, Nagel EC, Jayaraman A, Lightfoot JT. Reduced Wheel Running via a High-Fat Diet Is Reversed by a Chow Diet with No Added Benefit from Fecal Microbial Transplants. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1437-1447. [PMID: 35969165 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic overfeeding via a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet decreases wheel running and substantially alters the gut metabolome of C57BL/6J mice. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that fecal microbial transplants can modulate the effect of diet on wheel running. METHODS Singly housed, 6-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a grain-based diet (CHOW) or HFHS diet and provided a running wheel for 13 wk. Low-active, HFHS-exposed mice were then either switched to a CHOW diet and given an oral fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet, switched to a CHOW diet and given a sham transplant, or remained on the HFHS diet and given a fecal microbial transplant from mice fed the CHOW diet. Total wheel running, nutrient intake, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis were measured at various times throughout the study. RESULTS We found that an HFHS diet decreases wheel running activity, increases body fat, and decreases microbial alpha diversity compared with a CHOW diet. Improvements in wheel running, body composition, and microbial alpha diversity were accomplished within 2 wk for mice switched from an HFHS diet to a CHOW diet with no clear evidence of an added benefit from fecal transplants. A fecal transplant from mice fed a CHOW diet without altering diet did not improve wheel running or body composition. Wheel running, body composition, fecal microbial composition, fecal metabolite composition, and liver steatosis percentage were primarily determined by diet. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that diet is a primary mediator of wheel running with no clear effect from fecal microbial transplants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayland C Letsinger
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Fang Yang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Rani Menon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Jorge Z Granados
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Brianne Breidenbach
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Anjushree R Iyer
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Edward C Nagel
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - J Timothy Lightfoot
- The Department of Health Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Benjamin DI, Both P, Benjamin JS, Nutter CW, Tan JH, Kang J, Machado LA, Klein JDD, de Morree A, Kim S, Liu L, Dulay H, Feraboli L, Louie SM, Nomura DK, Rando TA. Fasting induces a highly resilient deep quiescent state in muscle stem cells via ketone body signaling. Cell Metab 2022; 34:902-918.e6. [PMID: 35584694 PMCID: PMC9177797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Short-term fasting is beneficial for the regeneration of multiple tissue types. However, the effects of fasting on muscle regeneration are largely unknown. Here, we report that fasting slows muscle repair both immediately after the conclusion of fasting as well as after multiple days of refeeding. We show that ketosis, either endogenously produced during fasting or a ketogenic diet or exogenously administered, promotes a deep quiescent state in muscle stem cells (MuSCs). Although deep quiescent MuSCs are less poised to activate, slowing muscle regeneration, they have markedly improved survival when facing sources of cellular stress. Furthermore, we show that ketone bodies, specifically β-hydroxybutyrate, directly promote MuSC deep quiescence via a nonmetabolic mechanism. We show that β-hydroxybutyrate functions as an HDAC inhibitor within MuSCs, leading to acetylation and activation of an HDAC1 target protein p53. Finally, we demonstrate that p53 activation contributes to the deep quiescence and enhanced resilience observed during fasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Pieter Both
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joel S Benjamin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christopher W Nutter
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jenna H Tan
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jengmin Kang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leo A Machado
- Biology of the Neuromuscular System, INSERM IMRB U955-E10, UPEC, ENVA, EFS, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Julian D D Klein
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hunter Dulay
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ludovica Feraboli
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sharon M Louie
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Drapela S, Ilter D, Gomes AP. Metabolic reprogramming: a bridge between aging and tumorigenesis. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3295-3318. [PMID: 35666002 PMCID: PMC9490145 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most robust risk factor for cancer development, with more than 60% of cancers occurring in those aged 60 and above. However, how aging and tumorigenesis are intertwined is poorly understood and a matter of significant debate. Metabolic changes are hallmarks of both aging and tumorigenesis. The deleterious consequences of aging include dysfunctional cellular processes, the build‐up of metabolic byproducts and waste molecules in circulation and within tissues, and stiffer connective tissues that impede blood flow and oxygenation. Collectively, these age‐driven changes lead to metabolic reprogramming in different cell types of a given tissue that significantly affects their cellular functions. Here, we put forward the idea that metabolic changes that happen during aging help create a favorable environment for tumorigenesis. We review parallels in metabolic changes that happen during aging and how these changes function both as adaptive mechanisms that enable the development of malignant phenotypes in a cell‐autonomous manner and as mechanisms that suppress immune surveillance, collectively creating the perfect environment for cancers to thrive. Hence, antiaging therapeutic strategies that target the metabolic reprogramming that occurs as we age might provide new opportunities to prevent cancer initiation and/or improve responses to standard‐of‐care anticancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Drapela
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Didem Ilter
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ana P Gomes
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffit Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Elder CR, Pasquinelli AE. New Roles for MicroRNAs in Old Worms. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:871226. [PMID: 35821862 PMCID: PMC9261348 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.871226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism in aging research has been integral to our understanding of genes and pathways involved in this process. Several well-conserved signaling pathways that respond to insulin signaling, diet, and assaults to proteostasis have defined roles in controlling lifespan. New evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play prominent roles in regulating these pathways. In some cases, key aging-related genes have been established as direct targets of specific miRNAs. However, the precise functions of other miRNAs and their protein cofactors in promoting or antagonizing longevity still need to be determined. Here, we highlight recently uncovered roles of miRNAs in common aging pathways, as well as new techniques for the ongoing discovery of miRNA functions in aging C. elegans.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shukla N, Kolthur‐Seetharam U. Drosophila Sirtuin 6 mediates developmental diet-dependent programming of adult physiology and survival. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13576. [PMID: 35233942 PMCID: PMC8920434 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms in the wild experience unpredictable and diverse food availability throughout their lifespan. Over-/under-nutrition during development and in adulthood is known to dictate organismal survival and fitness. Studies using model systems have also established long-term effects of developmental dietary alterations on life-history traits. However, the underlining genetic/molecular factors, which differentially couple nutrient inputs during development with fitness later in life are far less understood. Using Drosophila and loss/gain of function perturbations, our serendipitous findings demonstrate an essential role of Sirtuin 6 in regulating larval developmental kinetics, in a nutrient-dependent manner. The absence of Sirt6 affected ecdysone and insulin signalling and led to accelerated larval development. Moreover, varying dietary glucose and yeast during larval stages resulted in enhanced susceptibility to metabolic and oxidative stress in adults. We also demonstrate an evolutionarily conserved role for Sirt6 in regulating physiological homeostasis, physical activity and organismal lifespan, known only in mammals until now. Our results highlight gene-diet interactions that dictate thresholding of nutrient inputs and physiological plasticity, operative across development and adulthood. In summary, besides showing its role in invertebrate ageing, our study also identifies Sirt6 as a key factor that programs macronutrient-dependent life-history traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Ullas Kolthur‐Seetharam
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research‐Hyderabad (TIFR‐H) Hyderabad India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Phosphoglycolate phosphatase homologs act as glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase to control stress and healthspan in C. elegans. Nat Commun 2022; 13:177. [PMID: 35017476 PMCID: PMC8752807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress due to nutrient excess and lipid accumulation is at the root of many age-associated disorders and the identification of therapeutic targets that mimic the beneficial effects of calorie restriction has clinical importance. Here, using C. elegans as a model organism, we study the roles of a recently discovered enzyme at the heart of metabolism in mammalian cells, glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP) (gene name Pgp) that hydrolyzes glucose-derived glycerol-3-phosphate to glycerol. We identify three Pgp homologues in C. elegans (pgph) and demonstrate in vivo that their protein products have G3PP activity, essential for glycerol synthesis. We demonstrate that PGPH/G3PP regulates the adaptation to various stresses, in particular hyperosmolarity and glucotoxicity. Enhanced G3PP activity reduces fat accumulation, promotes healthy aging and acts as a calorie restriction mimetic at normal food intake without altering fertility. Thus, PGP/G3PP can be considered as a target for age-related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
|
25
|
Garcia-Venzor A, Toiber D. SIRT6 Through the Brain Evolution, Development, and Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:747989. [PMID: 34720996 PMCID: PMC8548377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.747989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During an organism's lifespan, two main phenomena are critical for the organism's survival. These are (1) a proper embryonic development, which permits the new organism to function with high fitness, grow and reproduce, and (2) the aging process, which will progressively undermine its competence and fitness for survival, leading to its death. Interestingly these processes present various similarities at the molecular level. Notably, as organisms became more complex, regulation of these processes became coordinated by the brain, and failure in brain activity is detrimental in both development and aging. One of the critical processes regulating brain health is the capacity to keep its genomic integrity and epigenetic regulation-deficiency in DNA repair results in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. As the brain becomes more complex, this effect becomes more evident. In this perspective, we will analyze how the brain evolved and became critical for human survival and the role Sirt6 plays in brain health. Sirt6 belongs to the Sirtuin family of histone deacetylases that control several cellular processes; among them, Sirt6 has been associated with the proper embryonic development and is associated with the aging process. In humans, Sirt6 has a pivotal role during brain aging, and its loss of function is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, Sirt6 roles during brain development and aging, especially the last one, are not observed in all species. It appears that during the brain organ evolution, Sirt6 has gained more relevance as the brain becomes bigger and more complex, observing the most detrimental effect in the brains of Homo sapiens. In this perspective, we part from the evolution of the brain in metazoans, the biological similarities between brain development and aging, and the relevant functions of Sirt6 in these similar phenomena to conclude with the evidence suggesting a more relevant role of Sirt6 gained in the brain evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Debra Toiber
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Scharf A, Pohl F, Egan BM, Kocsisova Z, Kornfeld K. Reproductive Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans: From Molecules to Ecology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:718522. [PMID: 34604218 PMCID: PMC8481778 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.718522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging animals display a broad range of progressive degenerative changes, and one of the most fascinating is the decline of female reproductive function. In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, hermaphrodites reach a peak of progeny production on day 2 of adulthood and then display a rapid decline; progeny production typically ends by day 8 of adulthood. Since animals typically survive until day 15 of adulthood, there is a substantial post reproductive lifespan. Here we review the molecular and cellular changes that occur during reproductive aging, including reductions in stem cell number and activity, slowing meiotic progression, diminished Notch signaling, and deterioration of germ line and oocyte morphology. Several interventions have been identified that delay reproductive aging, including mutations, drugs and environmental factors such as temperature. The detailed description of reproductive aging coupled with interventions that delay this process have made C. elegans a leading model system to understand the mechanisms that drive reproductive aging. While reproductive aging has dramatic consequences for individual fertility, it also has consequences for the ecology of the population. Population dynamics are driven by birth and death, and reproductive aging is one important factor that influences birth rate. A variety of theories have been advanced to explain why reproductive aging occurs and how it has been sculpted during evolution. Here we summarize these theories and discuss the utility of C. elegans for testing mechanistic and evolutionary models of reproductive aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scharf
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Franziska Pohl
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brian M Egan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Zuzana Kocsisova
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kerry Kornfeld
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Aging has provided fruitful challenges for evolutionary theory, and evolutionary theory has deepened our understanding of aging. A great deal of genetic and molecular data now exists concerning mortality regulation and there is a growing body of knowledge concerning the life histories of diverse species. Assimilating all relevant data into a framework for the evolution of aging promises to significantly advance the field. We propose extensions of some key concepts to provide greater precision when applying these concepts to age-structured contexts. Secondary or byproduct effects of mutations are proposed as an important factor affecting survival patterns, including effects that may operate in small populations subject to genetic drift, widening the possibilities for mutation accumulation and pleiotropy. Molecular and genetic studies have indicated a diverse array of mechanisms that can modify aging and mortality rates, while transcriptome data indicate a high level of tissue and species specificity for genes affected by aging. The diversity of mechanisms and gene effects that can contribute to the pattern of aging in different organisms may mirror the complex evolutionary processes behind aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Frankel
- Biology Department, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Blanka Rogina
- Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wrobel CJJ, Yu J, Rodrigues PR, Ludewig AH, Curtis BJ, Cohen SM, Fox BW, O'Donnell MP, Sternberg PW, Schroeder FC. Combinatorial Assembly of Modular Glucosides via Carboxylesterases Regulates C. elegans Starvation Survival. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14676-14683. [PMID: 34460264 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recently discovered modular glucosides (MOGLs) form a large metabolite library derived from combinatorial assembly of moieties from amino acid, neurotransmitter, and lipid metabolism in the model organism C. elegans. Combining CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, comparative metabolomics, and synthesis, we show that the carboxylesterase homologue Cel-CEST-1.2 is responsible for specific 2-O-acylation of diverse glucose scaffolds with a wide variety of building blocks, resulting in more than 150 different MOGLs. We further show that this biosynthetic role is conserved for the closest homologue of Cel-CEST-1.2 in the related nematode species C. briggsae, Cbr-CEST-2. Expression of Cel-cest-1.2 and MOGL biosynthesis are strongly induced by starvation conditions in C. elegans, one of the premier model systems for mechanisms connecting nutrition and physiology. Cel-cest-1.2-deletion results in early death of adult animals under starvation conditions, providing first insights into the biological functions of MOGLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chester J J Wrobel
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jingfang Yu
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Pedro R Rodrigues
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Andreas H Ludewig
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Brian J Curtis
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sarah M Cohen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Bennett W Fox
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Michael P O'Donnell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Paul W Sternberg
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Frank C Schroeder
- Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Salvadori G, Mirisola MG, Longo VD. Intermittent and Periodic Fasting, Hormones, and Cancer Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184587. [PMID: 34572814 PMCID: PMC8472354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The restriction of proteins, amino acids or sugars can have profound effects on the levels of hormones and factors including growth hormone, IGF-1 and insulin. In turn, these can regulate intracellular signaling pathways as well as cellular damage and aging, but also multisystem regeneration. Both intermittent (IF) and periodic fasting (PF) have been shown to have both acute and long-term effects on these hormones. Here, we review the effects of nutrients and fasting on hormones and genes established to affect aging and cancer. We describe the link between dietary interventions and genetic pathways affecting the levels of these hormones and focus on the mechanisms responsible for the cancer preventive effects. We propose that IF and PF can reduce tumor incidence both by delaying aging and preventing DNA damage and immunosenescence and also by killing damaged, pre-cancerous and cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Salvadori
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Giuseppe Mirisola
- Department of Surgical, Oncological, and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Valter D. Longo
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dhakal R, Yosofvand M, Yavari M, Abdulrahman R, Schurr R, Moustaid-Moussa N, Moussa H. Review of Biological Effects of Acute and Chronic Radiation Exposure on Caenorhabditis elegans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081966. [PMID: 34440735 PMCID: PMC8392105 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge regarding complex radiation responses in biological systems can be enhanced using genetically amenable model organisms. In this manuscript, we reviewed the use of the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), as a model organism to investigate radiation’s biological effects. Diverse types of experiments were conducted on C. elegans, using acute and chronic exposure to different ionizing radiation types, and to assess various biological responses. These responses differed based on the type and dose of radiation and the chemical substances in which the worms were grown or maintained. A few studies compared responses to various radiation types and doses as well as other environmental exposures. Therefore, this paper focused on the effect of irradiation on C. elegans, based on the intensity of the radiation dose and the length of exposure and ways to decrease the effects of ionizing radiation. Moreover, we discussed several studies showing that dietary components such as vitamin A, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polyphenol-rich food source may promote the resistance of C. elegans to ionizing radiation and increase their life span after irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabin Dhakal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Yosofvand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mahsa Yavari
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.Y.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Ramzi Abdulrahman
- Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Ryan Schurr
- Cancer Center, UMC Health System, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.Y.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hanna Moussa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79401, USA; (R.D.); (M.Y.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-806-834-6271
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kapsiani S, Howlin BJ. Random forest classification for predicting lifespan-extending chemical compounds. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13812. [PMID: 34226569 PMCID: PMC8257600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a major risk factor for many conditions including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmaceutical interventions that slow down ageing and delay the onset of age-related diseases are a growing research area. The aim of this study was to build a machine learning model based on the data of the DrugAge database to predict whether a chemical compound will extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Five predictive models were built using the random forest algorithm with molecular fingerprints and/or molecular descriptors as features. The best performing classifier, built using molecular descriptors, achieved an area under the curve score (AUC) of 0.815 for classifying the compounds in the test set. The features of the model were ranked using the Gini importance measure of the random forest algorithm. The top 30 features included descriptors related to atom and bond counts, topological and partial charge properties. The model was applied to predict the class of compounds in an external database, consisting of 1738 small-molecules. The chemical compounds of the screening database with a predictive probability of ≥ 0.80 for increasing the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans were broadly separated into (1) flavonoids, (2) fatty acids and conjugates, and (3) organooxygen compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kapsiani
- Department of Chemistry, FEPS, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Brendan J Howlin
- Department of Chemistry, FEPS, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Keller A, Temple T, Sayanjali B, Mihaylova MM. Metabolic Regulation of Stem Cells in Aging. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021; 7:72-84. [PMID: 35251892 PMCID: PMC8893351 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW From invertebrates to vertebrates, the ability to sense nutrient availability is critical for survival. Complex organisms have evolved numerous signaling pathways to sense nutrients and dietary fluctuations, which influence many cellular processes. Although both overabundance and extreme depletion of nutrients can lead to deleterious effects, dietary restriction without malnutrition can increase lifespan and promote overall health in many model organisms. In this review, we focus on age-dependent changes in stem cell metabolism and dietary interventions used to modulate stem cell function in aging. RECENT FINDINGS Over the last half-century, seminal studies have illustrated that dietary restriction confers beneficial effects on longevity in many model organisms. Many researchers have now turned to dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which these diets affect aging at the cellular level. One subpopulation of cells of particular interest are adult stem cells, the most regenerative cells of the body. It is generally accepted that the regenerative capacity of stem cells declines with age, and while the metabolic requirements of each vary across tissues, the ability of dietary interventions to influence stem cell function is striking. SUMMARY In this review, we will focus primarily on how metabolism plays a role in adult stem cell homeostasis with respect to aging, with particular emphasis on intestinal stem cells while also touching on hematopoietic, skeletal muscle, and neural stem cells. We will also discuss key metabolic signaling pathways influenced by both dietary restriction and the aging process, and will examine their role in improving tissue homeostasis and lifespan. Understanding the mechanisms behind the metabolic needs of stem cells will help bridge the divide between a basic science interpretation of stem cell function and a whole-organism view of nutrition, thereby providing insight into potential dietary or therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Keller
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tyus Temple
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Behnam Sayanjali
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria M. Mihaylova
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Haçariz O, Viau C, Karimian F, Xia J. The symbiotic relationship between Caenorhabditis elegans and members of its microbiome contributes to worm fitness and lifespan extension. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:364. [PMID: 34011272 PMCID: PMC8136213 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A healthy microbiome influences host physiology through a mutualistic relationship, which can be important for the host to cope with cellular stress by promoting fitness and survival. The mammalian microbiome is highly complex and attributing host phenotypes to a specific member of the microbiome can be difficult. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and its native microbiome, discovered recently, can serve as a more tractable, experimental model system to study host-microbiome interactions. In this study, we investigated whether certain members of C. elegans native microbiome would offer a benefit to their host and putative molecular mechanisms using a combination of phenotype screening, omics profiling and functional validation. Results A total of 16 members of C. elegans microbiome were screened under chemically-induced toxicity. Worms grown with Chryseobacterium sp. CHNTR56 MYb120 or Comamonas sp. 12022 MYb131, were most resistant to oxidative chemical stress (SiO2 nanoparticles and juglone), as measured by progeny output. Further investigation showed that Chryseobacterium sp. CHNTR56 positively influenced the worm’s lifespan, whereas the combination of both isolates had a synergistic effect. RNAseq analysis of young adult worms, grown with either isolate, revealed the enrichment of cellular detoxification mechanisms (glutathione metabolism, drug metabolism and metabolism of xenobiotics) and signaling pathways (TGF-beta and Wnt signaling pathways). Upregulation of cysteine synthases (cysl genes) in the worms, associated with glutathione metabolism, was also observed. Nanopore sequencing uncovered that the genomes of the two isolates have evolved to favor the specific route of the de novo synthesis pathway of vitamin B6 (cofactor of cysl enzymes) through serC or pdxA2 homologs. Finally, co-culture with vitamin B6 extended worm lifespan. Conclusions In summary, our study indicates that certain colonizing members of C. elegans have genomic diversity in vitamin B6 synthesis and promote host fitness and lifespan extension. The regulation of host cellular detoxification genes (i.e. gst) along with cysl genes at the transcriptome level and the bacterium-specific vitamin B6 synthesis mechanism at the genome level are in an agreement with enhanced host glutathione-based cellular detoxification due to this interspecies relationship. C. elegans is therefore a promising alternative model to study host-microbiome interactions in host fitness and lifespan. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07695-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orçun Haçariz
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Viau
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Farial Karimian
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ivimey-Cook ER, Sales K, Carlsson H, Immler S, Chapman T, Maklakov AA. Transgenerational fitness effects of lifespan extension by dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210701. [PMID: 33975472 PMCID: PMC8113902 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) increases lifespan in a broad variety of organisms and improves health in humans. However, long-term transgenerational consequences of dietary interventions are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of DR by temporary fasting (TF) on mortality risk, age-specific reproduction and fitness across three generations of descendants in Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that while TF robustly reduces mortality risk and improves late-life reproduction of the individuals subject to TF (P0), it has a wide range of both positive and negative effects on their descendants (F1-F3). Remarkably, great-grandparental exposure to TF in early life reduces fitness and increases mortality risk of F3 descendants to such an extent that TF no longer promotes a lifespan extension. These findings reveal that transgenerational trade-offs accompany the instant benefits of DR, underscoring the need to consider fitness of future generations in pursuit of healthy ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. Ivimey-Cook
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Kris Sales
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Hanne Carlsson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Simone Immler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| | - Alexei A. Maklakov
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Negroni MA, Feldmeyer B, Foitzik S. Experimental increase in fecundity causes upregulation of fecundity and body maintenance genes in the fat body of ant queens. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20200909. [PMID: 33592155 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2020.0909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In most organisms, fecundity and longevity are negatively associated and the molecular regulation of these two life-history traits is highly interconnected. In addition, nutrient intake often has opposing effects on lifespan and reproduction. In contrast to solitary insects, the main reproductive individual of social hymenopterans, the queen, is also the most long-lived. During development, queen larvae are well-nourished, but we are only beginning to understand the impact of nutrition on the queens' adult life and the molecular regulation and connectivity of fecundity and longevity. Here, we used two experimental manipulations to alter queen fecundity in the ant Temnothorax rugatulus and investigated associated changes in fat body gene expression. Egg removal triggered a fecundity increase, leading to expression changes in genes with functions in fecundity such as oogenesis and body maintenance. Dietary restriction lowered the egg production of queens and altered the expression of genes linked to autophagy, Toll signalling, cellular homeostasis and immunity. Our study reveals that an experimental increase in fecundity causes the co-activation of reproduction and body maintenance mechanisms, shedding light on the molecular regulation of the link between longevity and fecundity in social insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Antoine Negroni
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Biozentrum, Hanns Dieter Hüsch Weg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Barbara Feldmeyer
- Molecular Ecology Group, Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Foitzik
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Biozentrum, Hanns Dieter Hüsch Weg 15, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wongchum N, Dechakhamphu A. Ethanol extract of Cassia siamea L. increases life span in Drosophila melanogaster. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 25:100925. [PMID: 33553687 PMCID: PMC7844133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem of Cassia siamea L. (Fabaceae) has been used in traditional Thai medicine as a longevity remedy. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic stem extract of C. siamea (CSE) on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that a diet containing 10 mg/mL CSE could significantly extend the mean life span of D. melanogaster by 14% compared with the control diet (P < 0.01). The maximum life span was 74, 78, and 84 days in control, CSE (5 mg/mL) and CSE (10 mg/mL) groups, respectively. Supplementation of CSE at 10 mg/mL also significantly increases the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) at days 25 and 40 compared with the control diet. Treatment of CSE at 5 and 10 mg/mL significantly increased the climbing ability of D. melanogaster both on days 25 and 40 compared with the control flies. Paraquat and H2O2 challenge test showed that flies fed with CSE at 10 mg/mL had a longer survival time than the control flies (P < 0.01). This study provides supportive evidence that supplementation with CSE prolonged life span and reduced oxidative stress in D. melanogaster. Supplementation with Cassia siamea extract extended the lifespan and improved the fly's locomotor activity C. siamea extract supplementation increased SOD and CAT activities in the fly. C. siamea extract supplementation improved survival after exposure to free radicals in the fly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nattapong Wongchum
- Biology Program, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, 34000, Thailand
| | - Ananya Dechakhamphu
- Thai Traditional Medicine Program, Faculty of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubonratchathani, 34000, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kittimongkolsuk P, Pattarachotanant N, Chuchawankul S, Wink M, Tencomnao T. Neuroprotective Effects of Extracts from Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus Against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in HT22 Hippocampal Neuronal Cells and Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10010030. [PMID: 33466350 PMCID: PMC7824744 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus (LR) having been used as a traditional medicine, little is known about the neuroprotective effects of LR extracts. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of three extracts of LR against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal (HT22) cells as well as to determine their effect in Caenorhabditis elegans. In vitro, we assessed the toxicity of three LR extracts (ethanol extract (LRE), cold-water extract (LRC) and hot-water extract (LRH)) and their protective activity by MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) and intracellular ROS accumulation. Furthermore, we determined the expression of antioxidant genes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) by qRT-PCR. In vivo, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of LRE, not only against an Aβ-induced deficit in chemotaxis behavior (Alzheimer model) but also against PolyQ40 formation (model for Morbus Huntington) in transgenic C. elegans. Only LRE significantly reduced both apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels and significantly increased the expression of antioxidant genes after glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells. In addition, LRE significantly improved the Chemotaxis Index (CI) in C. elegans and significantly decreased PolyQ40 aggregation. Altogether, the LRE exhibited neuroprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parinee Kittimongkolsuk
- Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nattaporn Pattarachotanant
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Siriporn Chuchawankul
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.W.); or (T.T.); Tel.: +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (M.W.); or (T.T.); Tel.: +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Park S, Artan M, Jeong D, Park HH, Son HG, Kim SS, Jung Y, Choi Y, Lee JI, Kim K, Lee SV. Diacetyl odor shortens longevity conferred by food deprivation in C. elegans via downregulation of DAF-16/FOXO. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13300. [PMID: 33382195 PMCID: PMC7811839 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction extends lifespan in various organisms by reducing the levels of both nutrients and non‐nutritional food‐derived cues. However, the identity of specific food‐derived chemical cues that alter lifespan remains unclear. Here, we identified several volatile attractants that decreased the longevity on food deprivation, a dietary restriction regimen in Caenorhabditis elegans. In particular, we found that the odor of diacetyl decreased the activity of DAF‐16/FOXO, a life‐extending transcription factor acting downstream of insulin/IGF‐1 signaling. We then demonstrated that the odor of lactic acid bacteria, which produce diacetyl, reduced the nuclear accumulation of DAF‐16/FOXO. Unexpectedly, we showed that the odor of diacetyl decreased longevity independently of two established diacetyl receptors, ODR‐10 and SRI‐14, in sensory neurons. Thus, diacetyl, a food‐derived odorant, may shorten food deprivation‐induced longevity via decreasing the activity of DAF‐16/FOXO through binding to unidentified receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoon Park
- Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang South Korea
| | - Murat Artan
- Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang South Korea
| | - Dae‐Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang South Korea
| | - Hae‐Eun H. Park
- Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Heehwa G. Son
- Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Sieun S. Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Yoonji Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Yunji Choi
- Division of Biological Science and Technology College of Science and Technology Yonsei University Wonju South Korea
| | - Jin I. Lee
- Division of Biological Science and Technology College of Science and Technology Yonsei University Wonju South Korea
| | - Kyuhyung Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu South Korea
| | - Seung‐Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Baugh LR, Hu PJ. Starvation Responses Throughout the Caenorhabditiselegans Life Cycle. Genetics 2020; 216:837-878. [PMID: 33268389 PMCID: PMC7768255 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.120.303565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans survives on ephemeral food sources in the wild, and the species has a variety of adaptive responses to starvation. These features of its life history make the worm a powerful model for studying developmental, behavioral, and metabolic starvation responses. Starvation resistance is fundamental to life in the wild, and it is relevant to aging and common diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Worms respond to acute starvation at different times in the life cycle by arresting development and altering gene expression and metabolism. They also anticipate starvation during early larval development, engaging an alternative developmental program resulting in dauer diapause. By arresting development, these responses postpone growth and reproduction until feeding resumes. A common set of signaling pathways mediates systemic regulation of development in each context but with important distinctions. Several aspects of behavior, including feeding, foraging, taxis, egg laying, sleep, and associative learning, are also affected by starvation. A variety of conserved signaling, gene regulatory, and metabolic mechanisms support adaptation to starvation. Early life starvation can have persistent effects on adults and their descendants. With its short generation time, C. elegans is an ideal model for studying maternal provisioning, transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and developmental origins of adult health and disease in humans. This review provides a comprehensive overview of starvation responses throughout the C. elegans life cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ryan Baugh
- Department of Biology, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708 and
| | - Patrick J Hu
- Departments of Medicine and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Friend or Foe: Lipid Droplets as Organelles for Protein and Lipid Storage in Cellular Stress Response, Aging and Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215053. [PMID: 33143278 PMCID: PMC7663626 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) were considered as a mere lipid storage organelle for a long time. Recent evidence suggests that LDs are in fact distinct and dynamic organelles with a specialized proteome and functions in many cellular roles. As such, LDs contribute to cellular signaling, protein and lipid homeostasis, metabolic diseases and inflammation. In line with the multitude of functions, LDs interact with many cellular organelles including mitochondria, peroxisomes, lysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleus. LDs are highly mobile and dynamic organelles and impaired motility disrupts the interaction with other organelles. The reduction of interorganelle contacts results in a multitude of pathophysiologies and frequently in neurodegenerative diseases. Contacts not only supply lipids for β-oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisomes, but also may include the transfer of toxic lipids as well as misfolded and harmful proteins to LDs. Furthermore, LDs assist in the removal of protein aggregates when severe proteotoxic stress overwhelms the proteasomal system. During imbalance of cellular lipid homeostasis, LDs also support cellular detoxification. Fine-tuning of LD function is of crucial importance and many diseases are associated with dysfunctional LDs. We summarize the current understanding of LDs and their interactions with organelles, providing a storage site for harmful proteins and lipids during cellular stress, aging inflammation and various disease states.
Collapse
|
41
|
Riedinger CJ, Kimball KJ, Kilgore LC, Bell CW, Heidel RE, Boone JD. Water only fasting and its effect on chemotherapy administration in gynecologic malignancies. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 159:799-803. [PMID: 32958269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As a protective response, during starvation organisms withdraw energy from growth and reproduction to focus on cellular maintenance. Cancer cells cannot undergo this differential response which has been theorized as an adjunct to improve both the effect of chemotherapy treatment and reduce treatment side effects. We sought to investigate the feasibility and effect of short-term fasting in patients receiving chemotherapy for gynecologic malignancy. METHODS A randomized control trial was conducted of women with gynecologic malignancies receiving at least 6 planned chemotherapy cycles. Fasting patients maintaining a water-only fast for 24 h before and 24 h following each chemotherapy cycle were compared to nonfasting patients. Treatment related side effects and quality of life (QOL) was assessed using NCCN-FACT FOSI-18 questionnaire. RESULTS Analysis included data from 120 cycles of chemotherapy. The majority of patients had stage 3 and 4 malignancy requiring multi-agent chemotherapy. Eleven patients had ovarian, 8 had uterine, and 1 had cervical cancer. Ninety percent received taxane and platinum-based doublet therapy. Weight loss and unanticipated hospitalizations were similar between treatment groups. Fewer dose reductions or delays were seen in the fasting group. There was no significant difference in mean QOL scores, but fasting group QOL scores improved over the course of treatment to a level that reached the minimal clinically important difference. CONCLUSION A 48-h fast is well tolerated without increasing weight loss, hospital admissions, or chemotherapy dose reduction/delays. Fasting resulted in fewer treatment modifications and improved quality of life scores over the course of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Riedinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Box U-27 Knoxville, Tennessee 37920, United States of America.
| | - Kristopher J Kimball
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Box U-27 Knoxville, Tennessee 37920, United States of America
| | - Larry C Kilgore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Box U-27 Knoxville, Tennessee 37920, United States of America
| | - Clayton W Bell
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, UT Internal Medicine & Integrated Health1932 Alcoa Highway, Ste C-470 Knoxville, TN 37920, United States of America
| | - Robert E Heidel
- Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, l924 Alcoa Highway, Box U-11, Knoxville, Tennessee 37920-6999, United States of America
| | - Jonathan D Boone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Box U-27 Knoxville, Tennessee 37920, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gluconeogenesis and PEPCK are critical components of healthy aging and dietary restriction life extension. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008982. [PMID: 32841230 PMCID: PMC7473531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High glucose diets are unhealthy, although the mechanisms by which elevated glucose is harmful to whole animal physiology are not well understood. In Caenorhabditis elegans, high glucose shortens lifespan, while chemically inflicted glucose restriction promotes longevity. We investigated the impact of glucose metabolism on aging quality (maintained locomotory capacity and median lifespan) and found that, in addition to shortening lifespan, excess glucose negatively impacts locomotory healthspan. Conversely, disrupting glucose utilization by knockdown of glycolysis-specific genes results in large mid-age physical improvements via a mechanism that requires the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16. Adult locomotory capacity is extended by glycolysis disruption, but maximum lifespan is not, indicating that limiting glycolysis can increase the proportion of life spent in mobility health. We also considered the largely ignored role of glucose biosynthesis (gluconeogenesis) in adult health. Directed perturbations of gluconeogenic genes that specify single direction enzymatic reactions for glucose synthesis decrease locomotory healthspan, suggesting that gluconeogenesis is needed for healthy aging. Consistent with this idea, overexpression of the central gluconeogenic gene pck-2 (encoding PEPCK) increases health measures via a mechanism that requires DAF-16 to promote pck-2 expression in specific intestinal cells. Dietary restriction also features DAF-16-dependent pck-2 expression in the intestine, and the healthspan benefits conferred by dietary restriction require pck-2. Together, our results describe a new paradigm in which nutritional signals engage gluconeogenesis to influence aging quality via DAF-16. These data underscore the idea that promotion of gluconeogenesis might be an unappreciated goal for healthy aging and could constitute a novel target for pharmacological interventions that counter high glucose consequences, including diabetes. It is known that high levels of dietary sugar can negatively impact human health, but the mechanisms underlying this remain unclear. Here we use the facile Caenorhabditis elegans genetic model to extend understanding of the impact of glucose and glucose metabolism on health and aging. We show that the two opposing glucose metabolism pathways–glycolysis and gluconeogenesis–have dramatically opposite effects on health: glycolytic activity responsible for sugar catabolism is detrimental, but driving gluconeogenesis promotes healthy aging. The powerful longevity regulator DAF-16 is required for the healthspan effects of gluconeogenesis. Our data highlight the intriguing possibility that driving the biosynthetic gluconeogenesis pathway could be a novel strategy for healthspan promotion. Indeed, we find that increasing levels of the core gluconeogenic enzyme PEPCK (PCK-2) in just a few intestinal cells can increase overall health in a DAF-16-dependent manner. Dietary restriction, which can promote health and longevity across species, increases PCK-2 levels in the intestine via DAF-16, and PCK-2 is required for the health benefits seen when calories are limited. Our results define gluconeogenic metabolism as a key component of healthy aging, and suggest that interventions that promote gluconeogenesis may help combat the onset of age-related diseases, including diabetes.
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Many complex systems experience damage accumulation, which leads to aging, manifest as an increasing probability of system collapse with time. This naturally raises the question of how to maximize health and longevity in an aging system at minimal cost of maintenance and intervention. Here, we pose this question in the context of a simple interdependent network model of aging in complex systems and show that it exhibits cascading failures. We then use both optimal control theory and reinforcement learning alongside a combination of analysis and simulation to determine optimal maintenance protocols. These protocols may motivate the rational design of strategies for promoting longevity in aging complex systems with potential applications in therapeutic schedules and engineered system maintenance.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17114135. [PMID: 32531935 PMCID: PMC7312944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The lifestyle adopted by most people in Western societies has an important impact on the propensity to metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases). This is often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, driven by the activation of various molecular pathways such as STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), IKK (IκB kinase), MMP9 (matrix metallopeptidase 9), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases), COX2 (cyclooxigenase 2), and NF-Kβ (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells). Multiple intervention studies have demonstrated that lifestyle changes can lead to reduced inflammation and improved health. This can be linked to the concept of real-life risk simulation, since humans are continuously exposed to dietary factors in small doses and complex combinations (e.g., polyphenols, fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.). Inflammation biomarkers improve in patients who consume a certain amount of fiber per day; some even losing weight. Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. Moving toward healthier dietary habits at the individual level and in publicly-funded institutions, such as schools or hospitals, could help improving public health, reducing healthcare costs and improving community resilience to epidemics (such as COVID-19), which predominantly affects individuals with metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ng LT, Ng LF, Tang RMY, Barardo D, Halliwell B, Moore PK, Gruber J. Lifespan and healthspan benefits of exogenous H 2S in C. elegans are independent from effects downstream of eat-2 mutation. NPJ Aging Mech Dis 2020; 6:6. [PMID: 32566245 PMCID: PMC7287109 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-020-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is one of the most effective interventions to prolong lifespan and promote health. Recently, it has been suggested that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may play a pivotal role in mediating some of these CR-associated benefits. While toxic at high concentrations, H2S at lower concentrations can be biologically advantageous. H2S levels can be artificially elevated via H2S-releasing donor drugs. In this study, we explored the function of a novel, slow-releasing H2S donor drug (FW1256) and used it as a tool to investigate H2S in the context of CR and as a potential CR mimetic. We show that exposure to FW1256 extends lifespan and promotes health in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) more robustly than some previous H2S-releasing compounds, including GYY4137. We looked at the extent to which FW1256 reproduces CR-associated physiological effects in normal-feeding C. elegans. We found that FW1256 promoted healthy longevity to a similar degree as CR but with fewer fitness costs. In contrast to CR, FW1256 actually enhanced overall reproductive capacity and did not reduce adult body length. FW1256 further extended the lifespan of already long-lived eat-2 mutants without further detriments in developmental timing or fertility, but these lifespan and healthspan benefits required H2S exposure to begin early in development. Taken together, these observations suggest that FW1256 delivers exogenous H2S efficiently and supports a role for H2S in mediating longevity benefits of CR. Delivery of H2S via FW1256, however, does not mimic CR perfectly, suggesting that the role of H2S in CR-associated longevity is likely more complex than previously described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Theng Ng
- Ageing Research Laboratory, Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527 Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore.,Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Li Fang Ng
- Ageing Research Laboratory, Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527 Singapore
| | - Richard Ming Yi Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596 Singapore.,Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456 Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Diogo Barardo
- Ageing Research Laboratory, Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527 Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596 Singapore
| | - Barry Halliwell
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596 Singapore.,Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Philip Keith Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600 Singapore.,Neurobiology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456 Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Ageing Research Laboratory, Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527 Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mechanisms of Lifespan Regulation by Calorie Restriction and Intermittent Fasting in Model Organisms. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041194. [PMID: 32344591 PMCID: PMC7230387 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and pharmacological interventions have successfully extended healthspan and lifespan in animals, but their genetic interventions are not appropriate options for human applications and pharmacological intervention needs more solid clinical evidence. Consequently, dietary manipulations are the only practical and probable strategies to promote health and longevity in humans. Caloric restriction (CR), reduction of calorie intake to a level that does not compromise overall health, has been considered as being one of the most promising dietary interventions to extend lifespan in humans. Although it is straightforward, continuous reduction of calorie or food intake is not easy to practice in real lives of humans. Recently, fasting-related interventions such as intermittent fasting (IF) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) have emerged as alternatives of CR. Here, we review the history of CR and fasting-related strategies in animal models, discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these interventions, and propose future directions that can fill the missing gaps in the current understanding of these dietary interventions. CR and fasting appear to extend lifespan by both partially overlapping common mechanisms such as the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway and circadian clock, and distinct independent mechanisms that remain to be discovered. We propose that a systems approach combining global transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses followed by genetic perturbation studies targeting multiple candidate pathways will allow us to better understand how CR and fasting interact with each other to promote longevity.
Collapse
|
47
|
Vidal A, Rios R, Pineda C, Lopez I, Rodriguez M, Aguilera-Tejero E, Raya AI. Effect of caloric restriction on phosphate metabolism and uremic vascular calcification. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1188-F1198. [PMID: 32249611 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00009.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to have multiple beneficial effects on health and longevity. To study the effect of CR on phosphorus metabolism and vascular calcification (VC), rats were fed normal or restricted calories (67% of normal). The phosphorus content of the diets was adjusted to provide equal phosphorus intake independent of the calories ingested. After 50 days of CR, rats had negative phosphorus balance, lower plasma phosphorus, glucose, triglycerides, and leptin, and higher adiponectin than rats fed normal calories. Uremia was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). After Nx, rats were treated with calcitriol (80 ng/kg ip every other day) and high-phosphorus diets (1.2% and 1.8%). No differences in aortic calcium content were observed between rats that ate normal or restricted calories before Nx in either rats that received 1.2% phosphorus (11.5 ± 1.7 vs. 10.9 ± 2.1 mg/g tissue) or in rats that received 1.8% phosphorus (12.5 ± 2.3 vs. 12.0 ± 2.9 mg/g of tissue). However, mortality was significantly increased in rats subjected to CR before Nx in both the 1.2% phosphorus groups (75% vs. 25%, P = 0.019) and 1.8% phosphorus groups (100% vs. 45%, P < 0.001). After calcitriol administration was stopped and phosphorus intake was normalized, VC regressed rapidly, but no significant differences in aortic calcium were detected between rats that ate normal or restricted calories during the regression phase (5.7 ± 2.7 and 5.2 ± 1.5 mg/g tissue). In conclusion, CR did not prevent or ameliorate VC and increased mortality in uremic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Vidal
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Rios
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Pineda
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lopez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mariano Rodriguez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Escolastico Aguilera-Tejero
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I Raya
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ng'oma E, Williams-Simon PA, Rahman A, King EG. Diverse biological processes coordinate the transcriptional response to nutritional changes in a Drosophila melanogaster multiparent population. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 31992183 PMCID: PMC6988245 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental variation in the amount of resources available to populations challenge individuals to optimize the allocation of those resources to key fitness functions. This coordination of resource allocation relative to resource availability is commonly attributed to key nutrient sensing gene pathways in laboratory model organisms, chiefly the insulin/TOR signaling pathway. However, the genetic basis of diet-induced variation in gene expression is less clear. Results To describe the natural genetic variation underlying nutrient-dependent differences, we used an outbred panel derived from a multiparental population, the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource. We analyzed RNA sequence data from multiple female tissue samples dissected from flies reared in three nutritional conditions: high sugar (HS), dietary restriction (DR), and control (C) diets. A large proportion of genes in the experiment (19.6% or 2471 genes) were significantly differentially expressed for the effect of diet, and 7.8% (978 genes) for the effect of the interaction between diet and tissue type (LRT, Padj. < 0.05). Interestingly, we observed similar patterns of gene expression relative to the C diet, in the DR and HS treated flies, a response likely reflecting diet component ratios. Hierarchical clustering identified 21 robust gene modules showing intra-modularly similar patterns of expression across diets, all of which were highly significant for diet or diet-tissue interaction effects (FDR Padj. < 0.05). Gene set enrichment analysis for different diet-tissue combinations revealed a diverse set of pathways and gene ontology (GO) terms (two-sample t-test, FDR < 0.05). GO analysis on individual co-expressed modules likewise showed a large number of terms encompassing many cellular and nuclear processes (Fisher exact test, Padj. < 0.01). Although a handful of genes in the IIS/TOR pathway including Ilp5, Rheb, and Sirt2 showed significant elevation in expression, many key genes such as InR, chico, most insulin peptide genes, and the nutrient-sensing pathways were not observed. Conclusions Our results suggest that a more diverse network of pathways and gene networks mediate the diet response in our population. These results have important implications for future studies focusing on diet responses in natural populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ng'oma
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | | | - A Rahman
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - E G King
- University of Missouri, 401 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen XY, Liao DC, Yu YT, Wei CM, Xuan LY, Li S, Wang HB. Coix seed oil prolongs lifespan and enhances stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biogerontology 2020; 21:245-256. [PMID: 31960183 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coix seed oil (CSO) has many beneficial effects, but there is limited research on its influence on the processes and mechanisms related to senescence. Here, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model to investigate CSO's bioeffects on longevity. CSO (1 mg/mL) significantly extended the mean lifespan of C. elegans by over 22.79% and markedly improved stress resistance. Gene-specific mutant studies showed that the CSO-mediated increase in life expectancy was dependent on mev-1, hsf-1 and daf-16, but not daf-2. Furthermore, CSO significantly upregulated stress-inducible genes, including daf-16 and its downstream genes (sod-3, hsp-16.2 and gst-4). In addition, four major fatty acids, linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic, played leading roles in C. elegans' extended lifespan. Thus, CSO increased the life expectancy of, and enhanced the stress resistance in, C. elegans mainly through daf-16 and its downstream genes, but not through the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yan Chen
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - De-Chun Liao
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ying-Ting Yu
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cong-Min Wei
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling-Yan Xuan
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shan Li
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Wang
- Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Current nutritional and pharmacological anti-aging interventions. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165612. [PMID: 31816437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for chronic diseases and disablement in human societies with a great impact in social and health care expenditures. So far, aging and, eventually, death are unavoidable. Nevertheless, research efforts on aging-associated diseases with the aim not only to extend life span but also to increment health span in an attempt to delay, stop and even reverse the aging process have not stopped growing. Caloric restriction extends both health and life span in several short-lived experimental models and has brought to light the role of different molecular effectors involved in nutrient sensing pathways and longevity. This opens the possibility of modulating these molecular effectors also in humans to increase longevity and health span. The difficulty to implement caloric restricted diets in humans has led to the development of new bearable diets such as time-restricted feeding, intermittent fasting or diets with limited amounts of some nutrients and to the search of pharmacological agents, targeted to the effectors that mediate the extension of life and health span in response to these anti-aging diets. Pharmacological approaches that eliminate senescent cells or prevent primary causes of aging such as telomere attrition also emerge as potential anti-aging strategies. In the present article, we review these possible nutritional and pharmacological interventions designed to mitigate and/or delay the aging process and to increase health and life span.
Collapse
|