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Zhou L, Fisher ML, Cole RD, Gould TJ, Parikh V, Ortinski PI, Turner JR. Neuregulin 3 Signaling Mediates Nicotine-Dependent Synaptic Plasticity in the Orbitofrontal Cortex and Cognition. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:1343-1354. [PMID: 29114105 PMCID: PMC5916355 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuregulin 3 (NRG3) and ErbB4 have been linked to nicotine addiction; however, the neuronal mechanisms and behavioral consequences of NRG3-ErbB4 sensitivity to nicotine remain elusive. Recent literature suggests that relapse to smoking is due to a lack of impulsive control, which is thought to be due to altered functioning within the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Therefore, we examined circuitry changes within this structure following nicotine application. We report that nicotine controls synaptic plasticity in the OFC through NRG3/ErbB4-dependent regulation of GABAergic inhibition. We observed that both nicotine and NRG3 facilitated the conversion of long-term potentiation into long-term depression at cortical layer 3/5 synapses. Induction of long-term depression by nicotine relied on nicotinic receptor activation and key regulators of NRG3 signaling: (1) release of intracellular calcium, (2) activation of the BACE1 beta-secretase, and (3) ErbB4 receptor activation. Nicotine-induced synaptic plasticity was also associated with accumulation of intracellular GABA and was completely blocked by GABAA/GABAB antagonists. To test whether these mechanisms underlie OFC-dependent behavior, we evaluated the effects of nicotine in the go/no-go task. Nicotine-impaired stimulus discrimination in this task was rescued by pharmacologic disruption of the NRG3 receptor, ErbB4. Altogether, our data indicate that nicotine-induced synaptic plasticity in the OFC and cognitive changes depend on NRG3-ErbB4 signaling. We propose that nicotine activation of this pathway may contribute to nicotine addiction, particularly in individuals with genetic variation in NRG3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyi Zhou
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Miranda L Fisher
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Robert D Cole
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas J Gould
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pavel I Ortinski
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jill R Turner
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Hauser SR, Bracken AL, Deehan GA, Toalston JE, Ding ZM, Truitt WA, Bell RL, McBride WJ, Rodd ZA. Selective breeding for high alcohol preference increases the sensitivity of the posterior VTA to the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Addict Biol 2014; 19:800-11. [PMID: 23496648 PMCID: PMC3715585 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rate of codependency for alcohol and nicotine is extremely high. Numerous studies have indicated that there is a common genetic association for alcoholism and nicotine dependency. The current experiments examined whether selective breeding for high alcohol preference in rats may be associated with increased sensitivity of the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) to the reinforcing properties of nicotine. In addition, nicotine can directly bind to the serotonin-3 (5-HT3 ) receptor, which has been shown to mediate the reinforcing properties of other drugs of abuse within the pVTA Wistar rats were assigned to groups that were allowed to self-infuse 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 or 800 μM nicotine in two-lever (active and inactive) operant chambers. P rats were allowed to self-infuse 0, 1, 10, 50 or 100 μM nicotine. Co-infusion of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists with nicotine into the pVTA was also determined. P rats self-infused nicotine at lower concentrations than required to support self-administration in Wistar rats. In addition, P rats received more self-infusions of 50 and 100 μM nicotine than Wistar rats; including a 5HT3 receptor antagonist (LY-278,584 or zacopride) with nicotine reduced responding on the active lever. Overall, the data support an association between selective breeding for high alcohol preference and increased sensitivity of the pVTA to the reinforcing properties of nicotine. In addition, the data suggest that activation of 5HT3 receptors may be required to maintain the local reinforcing actions of nicotine within the pVTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheketha R Hauser
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Departments of Psychiatry & Anatomy, Indiana School of Medicine, and Department of Psychology, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Hauser SR, Deehan GA, Toalston JE, Bell RL, McBride WJ, Rodd ZA. Enhanced alcohol-seeking behavior by nicotine in the posterior ventral tegmental area of female alcohol-preferring (P) rats: modulation by serotonin-3 and nicotinic cholinergic receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:3745-55. [PMID: 24599396 PMCID: PMC4516288 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3508-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol and nicotine co-use can reciprocally promote self-administration and drug-craving/drug-seeking behaviors. To date, the neurocircuitry in which nicotine influences ethanol (EtOH) seeking has not been elucidated. Clinical and preclinical research has suggested that the activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system is involved in the promotion of drug seeking. Alcohol, nicotine, and serotonin-3 (5-HT3) receptors interact within the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) to regulate drug reward. Recently, our laboratory has reported that systemic administration of nicotine can promote context-induced EtOH seeking. OBJECTIVES The goals of the current study were to (1) determine if microinjections of pharmacologically relevant levels of nicotine into the pVTA would enhance EtOH seeking, (2) determine if coadministration of nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonist (nACh) or 5-HT3 receptor antagonists would block the ability of nicotine microinjected into the pVTA to promote EtOH seeking, and (3) determine if 5-HT3 receptors in the pVTA can modulate EtOH seeking. RESULTS Nicotine (100 and 200 μM) microinjected into the pVTA enhanced EtOH seeking. Coinfusion with 200 μM mecamylamine (nACh antagonist) or 100 and 200 μM zacopride (5-HT3 receptor antagonist) blocked the observed nicotine enhancement of EtOH seeking. The data also indicated that microinjection of 1 μM CPBG (5-HT3 receptor agonist) promotes context-induced EtOH seeking; conversely, microinjection of 100 and 200 μM zacopride alone reduced context-induced EtOH seeking. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results show that nicotine-enhanced EtOH-seeking behavior is modulated by 5-HT3 and nACh receptors within the pVTA and that the 5-HT3 receptor system within pVTA may be a potential pharmacological target to inhibit EtOH-seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheketha R Hauser
- Institute of Psychiatric Research, Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 791 Union Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-4887, USA,
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Scarr E, Gibbons AS, Neo J, Udawela M, Dean B. Cholinergic connectivity: it's implications for psychiatric disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:55. [PMID: 23653591 PMCID: PMC3642390 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine has been implicated in both the pathophysiology and treatment of a number of psychiatric disorders, with most of the data related to its role and therapeutic potential focusing on schizophrenia. However, there is little thought given to the consequences of the documented changes in the cholinergic system and how they may affect the functioning of the brain. This review looks at the cholinergic system and its interactions with the intrinsic neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-amino butyric acid as well as those with the projection neurotransmitters most implicated in the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders; dopamine and serotonin. In addition, with the recent focus on the role of factors normally associated with inflammation in the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders, links between the cholinergic system and these factors will also be examined. These interfaces are put into context, primarily for schizophrenia, by looking at the changes in each of these systems in the disorder and exploring, theoretically, whether the changes are interconnected with those seen in the cholinergic system. Thus, this review will provide a comprehensive overview of the connectivity between the cholinergic system and some of the major areas of research into the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders, resulting in a critical appraisal of the potential outcomes of a dysregulated central cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Scarr
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew S. Gibbons
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jaclyn Neo
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Madhara Udawela
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Brian Dean
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of MelbourneParkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthParkville, VIC, Australia
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Janhunen S, Ahtee L. Differential nicotinic regulation of the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways: implications for drug development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2006; 31:287-314. [PMID: 17141870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2006] [Revised: 09/10/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) modulate dopaminergic function. Discovery of their multiplicity has lead to the search for subtype-selective nAChR agonists that might be therapeutically beneficial in diseases linked to brain dopaminergic pathways. The regulation and responses of the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways are often similar, but some differences do exist. The cerebral distribution and characteristics of various nAChR subtypes differ between nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways. Comparison of nicotine and epibatidine, two nAChR agonists whose relative affinities for various nAChR subtypes differ, revealed differences in the nAChR-mediated regulation of dopaminergic activation between these dopamine systems. Nicotine preferentially stimulates the mesolimbic pathway, whereas epibatidine's stimulatory effect falls on the nigrostriatal pathway. Thus, it may be possible to stimulate the nigrostriatal pathway with selective nAChR agonists that do not significantly affect the mesolimbic pathway, and thus lack addictive properties. Furthermore, dopamine uptake inhibition revealed a novel inhibitory effect of epibatidine on accumbal dopamine release, which could form a basis for novel antipsychotics that could alleviate the elevated accumbal dopaminergic tone found in schizophrenia during the active psychotic state. Different regulation of nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways by nAChRs could be an important basis for developing novel drugs for treatment of Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Janhunen
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5), Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland.
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Li SP, Park MS, Kim JH, Kim MO. Chronic nicotine and smoke treatment modulate dopaminergic activities in ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens and the ?-aminobutyric acid type B receptor expression of the rat prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci Res 2004; 78:868-79. [PMID: 15521060 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.20329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic afferents from the mesencephalic areas, such as ventral tegmental area (VTA), synapse with the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic interneurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pharmacological and electrophysiological data show that the reinforcement, the dependence-producing properties, as well as the psychopharmacologic effects of nicotine depend to a great extent on activation of nicotinic receptors within the mesolimbocortical dopaminergic projection. To explore further the relationship between the mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons and PFC GABAergic neurons, we investigated the effects of nicotine and passive exposure to cigarette smoke on the regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in VTA and substantia nigra (SNC) and dopamine (DA) D1 receptor levels in nucleus accumbens (NAc) and caudate-putamen (CPu). Also, the simultaneous changes in GABAB receptors mRNAs in the PFC were studied. The results showed that chronic nicotine and smoking treatment differentially changed the levels of TH protein in VTA and SNC and DA D1 receptor levels in Nac and CPu. GABAB1 and GABAB2 receptor mRNA levels also showed different change patterns. Ten and thirty minutes of smoke exposure increased GABAB1 receptor mRNA to a greater extent than that of GABAB2, whereas GABAB2 was greatly enhanced after 1 hr of smoke exposure. The TH levels in VTA were closely related to DA D1 receptor levels in NAc and with GABAB receptor mRNA changes in PFC. These results suggest that the mesolimbic pathway and GABAB receptor mRNA in PFC are modulated by nicotine and cigarette smoke, implying an important role in nicotine's psychopharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Peng Li
- Division of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences and Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21), Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, South Korea
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Bianchi C, Rodi D, Marino S, Beani L, Siniscalchi A. Dual effects of 5-HT4 receptor activation on GABA release from guinea pig hippocampal slices. Neuroreport 2002; 13:2177-80. [PMID: 12488792 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200212030-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of BIMU-8, a 5-HT4 receptor agonist, were studied on GABA release in guinea pig hippocampal slices. BIMU-8 did not modify GABA outflow at rest but did display a complex action in electrically stimulated slices: at low concentrations it increased, and at higher concentrations inhibited, GABA release. These responses were competitively counteracted by GR 125487, a selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist. The dual effects of BIMU-8 are consistent with its indirect cholinergic action since the M1 and M3 antagonist, 4-DAMP, prevented BIMU-8-elicited GABA facilitation, whereas the M2 antagonist AFDX-116 cancelled GABA inhibition. These results provide evidence that serotonin exerts a complex modulation on the GABAergic system, via 5-HT4 receptors, and suggest that the amine releases acetylcholine which, in turn, bidirectionally modulates GABA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina Bianchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine: Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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Siniscalchi A, Rodi D, Cavallini S, Marino S, Beani L, Bianchi C. Effects of cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK(4)) and anxiolytic drugs on the electrically evoked [(3)H]5-hydroxytryptamine outflow from rat cortical slices. Brain Res 2001; 922:104-11. [PMID: 11730707 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The outflow of [(3)H]5-hydroxytryptamine ([(3)H]5-HT) from electrically stimulated rat cortical slices was measured to ascertain the modulatory role of endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) on the amine outflow and to test the hypothesis that different anxiolytic compounds inhibit 5-HT secretion. The [(3)H]5-HT outflow evoked at 10 Hz was increased up to +30% by CCK(4) 300-1000 nM, the effect being prevented by the CCK(B) receptor antagonist GV 150013, 3 nM. The limited sensitivity to CCK(4) seemed to depend on 5-HT auto-receptor feedback because pre-treatment with 100 nM methiothepin enhanced the [(3)H]5-HT outflow and lowered the CCK(4) threshold concentration from 300 to 30 nM. In addition, pre-treatment with 1 microM bacitracin to inhibit CCK metabolism increased [(3)H]5-HT efflux. This effect was concentration-dependently counteracted by GV150013 suggesting the presence of an endogenous CCK positive modulation. GV150013 30 nM, the 5-HT(1A) partial agonist buspirone 300 nM and the GABA(A) receptor modulator diazepam 10 nM, known to have anxiolytic properties, all significantly reduced the [(3)H] amine outflow from cortical slices by about 20%. This inhibition depended on their interaction with their respective receptors, which seemed to restrain the activity of functionally interconnected glutamatergic interneurones. In fact, APV (50 microM) and NBQX (10 microM) prevented the effect of the anxiolytic compounds. Thus, anxiolytic drugs with different receptor targets can reduce 5-HT outflow by dampening the glutamatergic signal, and in turn, the secretory process of the serotonergic nerve ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Siniscalchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Kim HC, Jhoo WK, Ko KH, Kim WK, Bing G, Kwon MS, Shin EJ, Suh JH, Lee YG, Lee DW. Prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke blocks the neurotoxicity induced by kainic acid in rats. Life Sci 2000; 66:317-26. [PMID: 10665983 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on three parameters associated with kainic acid (KA)-induced neurotoxicity: seizure activity, cell loss in the hippocampus, and increased Fos-related antigen (FRA) expression. Animals were exposed to the main stream of CS from 15 Kentucky 2R1F research cigarettes containing 28.6 mg tar and 1.74 mg nicotine per cigarette, for 10 min a day, 6 days per week, for 4 weeks, using an automatic smoking machine. KA administration (10 mg/kg, i.p.) produced robust behavioral convulsions lasting 4-5 h. Pre-exposure to CS significantly reduced the seizures, mortality, and severe loss of cells in regions CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus after KA administration. Consistently, pre-exposure to CS significantly attenuated the KA-induced increased FRA immunoreactivity in the hippocampus. In contrast, pretreatment with central nicotinic antagonist, mecamylamine (2 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) blocked the neuroprotective effects mediated by CS in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that CS exposure provides neuroprotection against the KA insult via nicotinic receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Korea Institute of Drug Abuse, Chunchon.
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Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Marani L, Bianchi C, Beani L, Siniscalchi A. Evidence for an in vivo and in vitro modulation of endogenous cortical GABA release by alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine. Neurochem Res 1996; 21:547-52. [PMID: 8726961 DOI: 10.1007/bf02527751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC) on endogenous cortical GABA release were studied both in vivo and in vitro. In freely moving rats, equipped with epidural cups, alpha-GPC (30-300 mg/kg i.p.) increased GABA release. This effect was potentiated by atropine, both systematically administered (5 mg/kg i.p.) and locally applied (1.4 microM), but not by mecamylamine (4 mg/kg i.p.). The alpha-GPC-induced increase in GABA release was abolished in rats pretreated with the alpha 1 receptor antagonist prazosin (14 micrograms/kg i.p.). In cortical slices alpha-GPC (0.4 mM) increased the spontaneous GABA efflux. This effect was abolished by tetrodotoxin (0.5 microM) and prazosin (1 microM), but not by atropine (0.15 microM) or mecamylamine (2.5 microM). These results indicate that the facilitatory response by alpha-GPC on GABA release does not depend on a direct activation of either muscarinic or nicotinic receptors, but suggest the involvement of the noradrenergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferraro
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Italy
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