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Beute F, Aries MB. The importance of residential dusk and dawn light exposure for sleep quality, health, and well-being. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 72:101865. [PMID: 37864914 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Light exposure during twilight plays a critical role in the entrainment of the human circadian system. People are most often at home during dusk and dawn, and light exposure at home - either natural or from electric light - may therefore contribute substantially to sleep and well-being. However, very little research has focused on the effects of home lighting on sleep and well-being, and even less research has investigated the effects of light exposure during twilight. Therefore, a literature study was performed to collect studies on light exposure at home during dusk and dawn. Studies looking at light exposure during dusk and dawn have focused on either electric light intervention (i.e., dusk and dawn simulation) at home or in the laboratory or daylight exposure in the bedroom (i.e., the presence and type of curtains in the bedroom). Most research has focused on dawn simulation during the darker months of the year, often using sunrise alarms. In general, study results pointed to the importance of twilight light exposure at home for sleep and well-being. These results may depend on the characteristics of the user, such as age or chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myriam Bc Aries
- Jönköping University, School of Engineering, Jönköping, Sweden.
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Böhmer MN, Hamers PCM, Bindels PJE, Oppewal A, van Someren EJW, Festen DAM. Are we still in the dark? A systematic review on personal daily light exposure, sleep-wake rhythm, and mood in healthy adults from the general population. Sleep Health 2021; 7:610-630. [PMID: 34420891 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient light exposure is assumed to be related to a wide array of health problems, though few studies focus on the role of whole-day light exposure in the habitual setting in the development of these health problems. The current review aims to describe the association between personal light exposure in the habitual setting and sleep-wake rhythm and mood in healthy adults from the general population. Five databases (Embase, Medline Epub, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar) were searched in June 2019. The inclusion criteria included: assessment directly of light exposure on the participants for at least one full day; reporting on both individual personal light exposure and outcomes. The quality of the papers was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. The current review followed the PRISMA guidelines. In total, 8140 papers were identified in the database search. Twenty-five papers were eventually included in this review. All included studies were cross-sectional, and individual light exposure was usually measured with a wrist-worn device. Five studies received a "good" quality rating, 16 received a "fair" rating, and the remaining 4 a "poor" quality rating. The overall quality of the included studies was considered low because of the lack of intervention studies and the fact that light exposure was measured on the wrist. Given the low quality of the included studies, the current review can only provide a first exploration on the association between light exposure and sleep-wake rhythm and mood in healthy adults from the general population. Limited evidence is presented for a positive relationship between the amount and timing of light exposure on the one hand and rest-activity rhythm and some estimates of sleep architecture on the other. The evidence on an association between light exposure and circadian phase, sleep estimates, sleep quality, and mood is conflicting. Data from intervention studies are needed to gain insight into the causal mechanism of the relationship between light exposure and sleep-wake rhythm and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène N Böhmer
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Middin, Healthcare Organization for People With Intellectual Disabilities, Rijswijk, the Netherlands.
| | - Pauline C M Hamers
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Amarant, Healthcare Organization for People With Intellectual Disabilities, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick J E Bindels
- Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alyt Oppewal
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eus J W van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Centre for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dederieke A M Festen
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Ipse de Bruggen, Healthcare Organization for People With Intellectual Disabilities, Zoetermeer, the Netherlands
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Lighting in the Home and Health: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020609. [PMID: 33445763 PMCID: PMC7828303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Poor housing is an important determinant of poor health. One key aspect of housing quality is lighting. Light is important for visual performance and safety, and also plays a vital role in regulating human physiological functions. This review aims to synthesise existing evidence on the relationship between lighting in the home and health and recommends areas for future research. Three databases were searched for relevant literature using pre-defined inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Extracted data were qualitatively synthesised according to type of lighting (natural light, artificial light and light at night) and stratified by broad health domains (physical, mental and sleep health). Of the 4043 records retrieved, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was considerable heterogeneity in light exposure metrics used and specific health outcome assessed by the studies. Lighting in the home can negatively affect health but the current evidence base is limited to a small number of studies in different domains of light and health. Further research surrounding specific health outcomes is required to better inform housing quality assessments and lighting practises in the home.
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Dautovich ND, Schreiber DR, Imel JL, Tighe CA, Shoji KD, Cyrus J, Bryant N, Lisech A, O'Brien C, Dzierzewski JM. A systematic review of the amount and timing of light in association with objective and subjective sleep outcomes in community-dwelling adults. Sleep Health 2019; 5:31-48. [PMID: 30670164 PMCID: PMC6814154 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Light is considered the dominant environmental cue, or zeitgeber, influencing the sleep-wake cycle. Despite recognizing the importance of light for our well-being, less is known about the specific conditions under which light is optimally associated with better sleep. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to examine the association between the amount and timing of light exposure in relation to sleep outcomes in healthy, community-dwelling adults. A systematic search was conducted of four databases from database inception to June 2016. In total, 45 studies met the review eligibility criteria with generally high study quality excepting for the specification of eligibility criteria and the justification of sample size. The majority of studies involved experimental manipulation of light (n = 32) vs observational designs (n = 13). Broad trends emerged suggesting that (1) bright light (>1000 lux) has positive implications for objectively assessed sleep outcomes compared to dim (<100 lux) and moderate light (100-1000 lux) and (2) bright light (>1000 lux) has positive implications for subjectively assessed sleep outcomes compared to moderate light (100-1000 lux). Effects due to the amount of light are moderated by the timing of light exposure such that, for objectively assessed sleep outcomes, brighter morning and evening light exposure are consistent with a shift in the timing of the sleep period to earlier and later in the day, respectively. For subjectively assessed sleep outcomes, brighter light delivered in the morning was associated with self-reported sleep improvements and brighter evening light exposure was associated with worse self-reported sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie D Dautovich
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 W Franklin St, Room 203, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018.
| | - Dana R Schreiber
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
| | - Janna L Imel
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
| | - Caitlan A Tighe
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0348
| | - Kristy D Shoji
- South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, 7400 Merton Minter, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - John Cyrus
- Tompkins-McCaw Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, 509 N 12th St, Box 980582, Richmond, VA 23298-0582
| | - Nita Bryant
- James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, 901 Park Ave, Box 842033,Richmond, VA 23284-2033
| | - Andrew Lisech
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
| | - Chris O'Brien
- Psychology Department, Chatham University, Woodland Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Joseph M Dzierzewski
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, 806 W Franklin St, PO Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Parry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Differential effect of depression versus thermoregulation in postmenopausal sleep disturbance. Menopause 2015; 22:1032-4. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Elliott J, Cole R. Short wavelength light administered just prior to waking: a pilot study. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2013; 44:13-32. [PMID: 23275686 DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2011.632578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Bright light in the blue-green range, administered in the early morning hours (prior to waking) may be particularly effective in shifting circadian rhythms and may increase gonadotropin production. Accordingly, we tested the feasibility and utility of a mask that emits bright blue/green light (compared to a similar mask that emitted a dim red light) towards the end of sleep in a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study. The study included a 3-day baseline period, immediately followed by a 12-day intervention period. Subjects were 30 healthy young men with minimal-mild depression. The bright light masks were well-tolerated and demonstrated adequate safety and feasibility. Following the intervention, those who wore the bright light mask demonstrated altered sleep timing suggestive of an earlier sleep period, and excreted a slight increase in follicle-stimulating hormone. Overall, light masks may prove useful in future studies of bright light therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Division of Sleep Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Naidoo N, Langer RD. Relationships among dietary nutrients and subjective sleep, objective sleep, and napping in women. Sleep Med 2009; 11:180-4. [PMID: 20005774 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe which dietary nutrient variables are related to subjective and objective habitual sleep and subjective and objective napping. METHODS Participants were 459 post-menopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative. Objective sleep was estimated using one week of actigraphy. Subjective sleep was prospectively estimated with a daily sleep diary. Dietary nutrients were calculated from food frequency questionnaires. RESULTS The most significant correlations were with subjective napping, including (from strongest to weakest): total fat, calories, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, trans fat, water, proline, serine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, valine, cholesterol, leucine, glutamic acid, ash, isoleucine, histidine, sodium, tryptophan, protein, threonine, cystine, methionine, phosphorous, polyunsaturated fat, animal protein, aspartic acid, arginine, lysine, alanine, caffeine, riboflavin, gamma-tocopherol, glycine, retinol, delta-tocopherol, Vitamin D, and selenium. Actigraphic nocturnal sleep duration was negatively associated with total fat, monounsaturated fat, trans fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, calories, gamma-tocopherol, cholesterol, and alpha-tocopherol-eq. CONCLUSIONS Actigraphic total sleep time was negatively associated with intake of fats. Subjective napping, which may be a proxy for subjective sleepiness, was significantly related to fat intake as well as intake of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Center for Sleep and Respiratory Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Parry BL, Meliska CJ, Martínez LF, López AM, Sorenson DL, Hauger RL, Elliott JA. Late, but not early, wake therapy reduces morning plasma melatonin: relationship to mood in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. Psychiatry Res 2008; 161:76-86. [PMID: 18789826 PMCID: PMC3038844 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Revised: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Wake therapy improves mood in Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), a depressive disorder in DSM-IV. We tested the hypothesis that the therapeutic effect of wake therapy in PMDD is mediated by altering sleep phase with melatonin secretion. We measured plasma melatonin every 30 min (18:00-09:00 h) in 19 PMDD and 18 normal control (NC) women during mid-follicular (MF) and late luteal (LL) menstrual cycle phases, and during LL interventions with early wake therapy (EWT) (sleep 03:00-07:00 h)(control condition) vs. late wake therapy (LWT) (sleep 21:00-01:00 h)(active condition). Melatonin offset was delayed and duration was longer in the symptomatic LL vs. asymptomatic MF phase in both NC and PMDD subjects. LWT, but not EWT, advanced offset and shortened duration vs. the LL baseline, although they improved mood equally. Later baseline LL morning melatonin offset was associated with more depressed mood in PMDD patients, and longer melatonin duration in the MF phase predicted greater mood improvement following LWT. That LWT, but not EWT, advanced melatonin offset and shortened duration while they were equally effective in improving mood suggests that decreasing morning melatonin secretion is not necessary for the therapeutic effects of wake therapy in PMDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L. Parry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego,San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System,Address correspondence to: Barbara L. Parry, M.D., Professor of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Mailcode 0804, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0804, Phone: 619 543-5592, Fax: 619 543-7519,
| | | | | | - Ana M. López
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Richard L. Hauger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego,San Diego Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
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Parry BL, Meliska CJ, Sorenson DL, López AM, Martínez LF, Nowakowski S, Hauger RL, Elliott JA. Increased melatonin and delayed offset in menopausal depression: role of years past menopause, follicle-stimulating hormone, sleep end time, and body mass index. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:54-60. [PMID: 18042653 PMCID: PMC2190736 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-2853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The constellation of endocrine patterns accompanying menopausal depression remains incompletely characterized. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to test the hypothesis that the amplitude or phase (timing) of melatonin circadian rhythms differs in menopausal depressed patients (DP) vs. normal controls women (NC). DESIGN We measured plasma melatonin every 30 min from 1800-1000 h in dim light (<30 lux) or dark, serum gonadotropins and steroids (1800 and 0600 h), and mood (Hamilton and Beck depression ratings). SETTING The study was conducted at a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Twenty-nine (18 NC, 11 DP) peri- or postmenopausal women participated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We measured plasma melatonin (onset, offset, synthesis offset, duration, peak concentration, and area under the curve) and mood. RESULTS Multi- and univariate analyses of covariance showed that melatonin offset time was delayed (P = 0.045) and plasma melatonin was elevated in DP compared with NC (P = 0.044) across time intervals. Multiple regression analyses showed that years past menopause predicted melatonin duration and that melatonin duration, body mass index, years past menopause, FSH level, and sleep end time were significant predictors of baseline Hamilton (P = 0.0003) and Beck (P = 0.00004) depression scores. CONCLUSIONS Increased melatonin secretion that is phase delayed into the morning characterized menopausal DP vs. NC. Years past menopause, FSH, sleep end time, and body mass index may modulate effects of altered melatonin secretion in menopausal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Parry
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0804, USA.
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Grandner MA, Kripke DF, Langer RD. Light exposure is related to social and emotional functioning and to quality of life in older women. Psychiatry Res 2006; 143:35-42. [PMID: 16725207 PMCID: PMC3685148 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2005.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 08/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
While there are data supporting the use of light in clinical populations, there has been less investigation of relationships among light and psychological variables in non-clinical samples. Subjects were 459 ethnically diverse women (mean age 67.68) recruited as part of the Women's Health Initiative. Light exposure and sleep were measured with an Actillume wrist actigraph. Subjects completed questionnaires, investigating Social Support, Social Functioning, Social Strain, Quality of Life, Satisfaction with Life, Emotional Well-being, Optimism, Negative Emotional Expressiveness, and Role Limitation Due to Emotional Problems. Significant partial correlations (controlling for age, education and ethnicity) were found between mesor light exposure and Social Functioning, Quality of Life, Satisfaction with Life, and Emotional Well-Being. Quality of Life and Satisfaction with Life were also found to be significantly correlated with morning light. The most parsimonious model to account for the variance shared between mesor light and the predictors included only Quality of Life. The variance shared between mesor light exposure and social and emotional functioning could be subsumed under the variance shared between mesor light exposure and Quality of Life. Increased light exposure is related to improved quality of life and social and emotional functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, and University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
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