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Wei L, Li Y, Hao Z, Zheng Z, Yang H, Xu S, Li S, Zhang L, Xu Y. Fermentation improves antioxidant capacity and γ-aminobutyric acid content of Ganmai Dazao Decoction by lactic acid bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1274353. [PMID: 38029167 PMCID: PMC10652878 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1274353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ganmai Dazao Decoction is a traditional Chinese recipe, and is composed of licorice, floating wheat, and jujube. Methods Effects of lactic acid bacteria fermentation on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and γ-aminobutyric acid of Ganmai Dazao Decoction were studied. The changes of small and medium molecules in Ganmai Dazao Decoction before and after fermentation were determined by LC-MS non-targeted metabolomics. Results The results showed that the contents of lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and total phenol content increased significantly, DPPH free radical clearance and hydroxyl free radical clearance were significantly increased. γ-aminobutyric acid content was 12.06% higher after fermentation than before fermentation. A total of 553 differential metabolites were detected and identified from the Ganmai Dazao Decoction before and after fermentation by partial least squares discrimination and VIP analysis. Discussion Among the top 30 differential metabolites with VIP values, the content of five functional substances increased significantly. Our results showed that lactic acid bacteria fermentation of Ganmai Dazao Decoction improves its antioxidant effects and that fermentation of Ganmai Dazao Decoction with lactic acid bacteria is an innovative approach that improves the health-promoting ingredients of Ganmai Dazao Decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linya Wei
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zina Hao
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Zheng
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huixin Yang
- Comparative Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Suixin Xu
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shihan Li
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Comparative Molecular Biosciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Yunhe Xu
- Department of Food and Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Takakura M, Nagamachi S, Nishigawa T, Takahashi Y, Furuse M. Supplementation of L-Ornithine Could Increase Sleep-like Behavior in the Mouse Pups. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121241. [PMID: 36557279 PMCID: PMC9785801 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Along the maternal-fetal-neonatal axis, one of the problems relating to the maternal-neonatal axis is infant sleep problems including nighttime crying. One possible solution could be to provide the newborn with sleep-promoting ingredients through breast milk or formula. So far, it has been reported that L-ornithine has a sleep-related effect. Therefore, we investigated the effect of dietary L-ornithine on maternal mouse plasma and milk L-ornithine levels in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, a single dose of L-ornithine was applied to know the time-course changes in plasma, mammary gland and milk L-ornithine levels. Experiment 3 was conducted to confirm sleep behavior as well as changes in polyamine levels in milk. L-Ornithine levels in maternal plasma significantly increased by both dietary regimen and single oral administration in Experiments 1 and 2. Both L-ornithine treatments also increased its levels in milk, although not to a concentration as high as in plasma. In Experiment 3, the level of polyamines, which are metabolized from L-ornithine, did not significantly differ after L-ornithine administration. In sleep-like behavior observations, the average concentration of L-ornithine in milk did not increase the sleep-like behavior of mouse pups. However, more concentrated L-ornithine solutions can significantly increase sleep-like behavior. These results revealed that even if mothers ingested L-ornithine to increase L-ornithine levels in breast milk, it is difficult to promote sleep in newborns. Because it is difficult to raise L-ornithine in breast milk to sleep-inducing levels, L-ornithine added formula may partially improve infant sleep and has the potential for preventing infant sleep problems such as nighttime crying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Takakura
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Satsuki Nagamachi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuma Nishigawa
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuhiro Furuse
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Taniguchi E, Hattori A, Kurogi K, Hishida Y, Watanabe F, Furuse M, Yasuo S. Temporal patterns of increased growth hormone secretion in mice after oral administration of L-ornithine: possible involvement of ghrelin receptors. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1283-1287. [PMID: 35896372 PMCID: PMC9523286 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Ornithine is known to stimulate growth hormone (GH) release in mammals. Here, we demonstrated that increases in plasma GH levels after oral administration of l-ornithine
were first observed 150 min after administration, and the elevated levels were sustained for more than 90 min in mice. The increase was significantly delayed compared with the reported
timing of plasma and tissue levels of l-ornithine after administration. The l-ornithine-induced increase in GH release was completely blocked by [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6,
a ghrelin receptor antagonist, but not by cyclosomatostatin or JV-1-38, antagonists of somatostatin and GH-releasing hormone, respectively. These results suggest the involvement of ghrelin
receptor-mediated pathways in l-ornithine-induced increases in GH release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Ayumi Hattori
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Kaito Kurogi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | | | | | - Mitsuhiro Furuse
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
| | - Shinobu Yasuo
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University
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Kometani T. Research on the development and practical application of functional food materials that contribute to the improvement of QOL. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.69.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kometani
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University
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Functional Analysis of Feedback Inhibition-Insensitive Variants of N-Acetyl Glutamate Kinase Found in Sake Yeast Mutants with Ornithine Overproduction. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0082222. [PMID: 35543513 PMCID: PMC9241915 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00822-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, N-acetyl glutamate kinase (NAGK), which catalyzes the phosphorylation of N-acetyl glutamate to form N-acetyl glutamyl-5-phosphate, is one of the rate-limiting enzymes in the ornithine and arginine biosynthetic pathways. NAGK activity is strictly regulated via feedback inhibition by the end product, arginine. We previously reported that the Thr340Ile variant of NAGK was insensitive to arginine feedback inhibition and that the interaction between Lys336 and Thr340 in NAGK may be important for arginine recognition. In the present study, we demonstrated that amino acid changes of Thr340 to Ala, Leu, Arg, Glu, Ile, and Asn removed arginine feedback inhibition, although the Thr340Ser variant was subject to the feedback inhibition. Therefore, these results indicate that the arginine-binding cavity formed via the interaction between the carbonyl group in the main chain of Lys336 and the hydroxyl group in the side chain of the residue at position 340 is critical for arginine recognition of NAGK. In addition, we newly identified two mutations in the ARG5,6 gene encoding the Cys119Tyr or Val267Ala variant of NAGK of sake yeast mutants with intracellular ornithine accumulation. Although it is unlikely that Cys119 and Val267 are directly involved in arginine recognition, we found here that two variants of NAGK were insensitive to arginine feedback inhibition and contributed to high-level production of ornithine. Structural analysis of NAGK suggests that these two amino acid substitutions influence the sensitivity to Arg feedback inhibition through alterations in local conformation around each residue. IMPORTANCE Ornithine has a number of physiological benefits in humans. Thus, an Orn-rich alcoholic beverage is expected to relieve feelings of fatigue after drinking. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, N-acetyl glutamate kinase (NAGK) encoded by the ARG5,6 gene catalyzes the second step in ornithine and arginine biosynthesis, and its activity is subjected to feedback inhibition by arginine. Here, we revealed a role of key residues in the formation of the arginine-binding cavity which is critical for arginine recognition of NAGK. In addition, we analyzed novel arginine feedback inhibition-insensitive variants of NAGK in sake yeast mutants with ornithine overproduction and proposed that the amino acid substitutions in the NAGK variants destabilize the arginine-binding cavity, leading to the lower sensitivity to arginine feedback inhibition of NAGK activity. These findings provide new insight into the allosteric regulation of NAGK activity and will help to construct superior industrial yeast strains for high-level production of ornithine.
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Kanaya HJ, Park S, Kim JH, Kusumi J, Krenenou S, Sawatari E, Sato A, Lee J, Bang H, Kobayakawa Y, Lim C, Itoh TQ. A sleep-like state in Hydra unravels conserved sleep mechanisms during the evolutionary development of the central nervous system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/41/eabb9415. [PMID: 33028524 PMCID: PMC7541080 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb9415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sleep behaviors are observed even in nematodes and arthropods, yet little is known about how sleep-regulatory mechanisms have emerged during evolution. Here, we report a sleep-like state in the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris with a primitive nervous organization. Hydra sleep was shaped by homeostasis and necessary for cell proliferation, but it lacked free-running circadian rhythms. Instead, we detected 4-hour rhythms that might be generated by ultradian oscillators underlying Hydra sleep. Microarray analysis in sleep-deprived Hydra revealed sleep-dependent expression of 212 genes, including cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 (PRKG1) and ornithine aminotransferase. Sleep-promoting effects of melatonin, GABA, and PRKG1 were conserved in Hydra However, arousing dopamine unexpectedly induced Hydra sleep. Opposing effects of ornithine metabolism on sleep were also evident between Hydra and Drosophila, suggesting the evolutionary switch of their sleep-regulatory functions. Thus, sleep-relevant physiology and sleep-regulatory components may have already been acquired at molecular levels in a brain-less metazoan phylum and reprogrammed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki J Kanaya
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Sungeon Park
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Junko Kusumi
- Department of Environmental Changes, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Etsuko Sawatari
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Aya Sato
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jongbin Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Bang
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Chunghun Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taichi Q Itoh
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Fukuda T, Haraguchi A, Takahashi M, Nakaoka T, Fukazawa M, Okubo J, Ozaki M, Kanatome A, Ohya R, Miura Y, Obara K, Shibata S. A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled crossover trial on the effect of l-ornithine ingestion on the human circadian clock. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:1445-1455. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1490315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Fukuda
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Haraguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakaoka
- Department of Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Fukazawa
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jin Okubo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamiho Ozaki
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayana Kanatome
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rena Ohya
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Obara
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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Triphlorethol A, a Dietary Polyphenol from Seaweed, Decreases Sleep Latency and Increases Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Mice. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16050139. [PMID: 29695101 PMCID: PMC5983271 DOI: 10.3390/md16050139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that marine polyphenol phlorotannins promote sleep through the benzodiazepine site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. In this follow-up study, the sleep-promoting effects of triphlorethol A, one of the major phlorotannin constituents, were investigated. The effect of triphlorethol A on sleep-wake architecture and profiles was evaluated based on electroencephalogram and electromyogram data from C57BL/6N mice and compared with the well-known hypnotic drug zolpidem. Oral administration of triphlorethol A (5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) dose-dependently decreased sleep latency and increased sleep duration during pentobarbital-induced sleep in imprinting control region mice. Triphlorethol A (50 mg/kg) significantly decreased sleep latency and increased the amount of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) in C57BL/6N mice, without affecting rapid eye movement sleep (REMS). There was no significant difference between the effects of triphlorethol A at 50 mg/kg and zolpidem at 10 mg/kg. Triphlorethol A had no effect on delta activity (0.5–4 Hz) of NREMS, whereas zolpidem significantly decreased it. These results not only support the sleep-promoting effects of marine polyphenol phlorotannins, but also suggest that the marine polyphenol compound triphlorethol A is a promising structure for developing novel sedative hypnotics.
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Yasuo S, Iwamoto A, Lee SI, Ochiai S, Hitachi R, Shibata S, Uotsu N, Tarumizu C, Matsuoka S, Furuse M, Higuchi S. l-Serine Enhances Light-Induced Circadian Phase Resetting in Mice and Humans. J Nutr 2017; 147:2347-2355. [PMID: 29070712 DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.255380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The circadian clock is modulated by the timing of ingestion or food composition, but the effects of specific nutrients are poorly understood.Objective: We aimed to identify the amino acids that modulate the circadian clock and reset the light-induced circadian phase in mice and humans.Methods: Male CBA/N mice were orally administered 1 of 20 l-amino acids, and the circadian and light-induced phase shifts of wheel-running activity were analyzed. Antagonists of several neurotransmitter pathways were injected before l-serine administration, and light-induced phase shifts were analyzed. In addition, the effect of l-serine on the light-induced phase advance was investigated in healthy male students (mean ± SD age 22.2 ± 1.8 y) by using dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO) determined by saliva samples as an index of the circadian phase.Results: l-Serine administration enhanced light-induced phase shifts in mice (1.86-fold; P < 0.05). Both l-serine and its metabolite d-serine, a coagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, exerted this effect, but d-serine concentrations in the hypothalamus did not increase after l-serine administration. The effect of l-serine was blocked by picrotoxin, an antagonist of γ-aminobutyric acid A receptors, but not by MK801, an antagonist of NMDA receptors. l-Serine administration altered the long-term expression patterns of clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. After advancing the light-dark cycle by 6 h, l-serine administration slightly accelerated re-entrainment to the shifted cycle. In humans, l-serine ingestion before bedtime induced significantly larger phase advances of DLMO after bright-light exposure during the morning (means ± SEMs-l-serine: 25.9 ± 6.6 min; placebo: 12.1 ± 7.0 min; P < 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that l-serine enhances light-induced phase resetting in mice and humans, and it may be useful for treating circadian disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Yasuo
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Ayaka Iwamoto
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Sang-Il Lee
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
| | - Shotaro Ochiai
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
| | - Rina Hitachi
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Satomi Shibata
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Nobuo Uotsu
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chie Tarumizu
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sayuri Matsuoka
- Health Science Research Center, Research Institute, FANCL Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Furuse
- Laboratory of Regulation in Metabolism and Behavior, Faculty of Agriculture, and
| | - Shigekazu Higuchi
- Department of Human Science, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; and
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Um MY, Kim S, Jin YH, Yoon M, Yang H, Lee J, Jung J, Urade Y, Huang ZL, Kwon S, Cho S. A novel neurological function of rice bran: a standardized rice bran supplement promotes non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice through histamine H 1 receptors. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28722302 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Although rice bran has been shown to be associated with a wide spectrum of health benefits, to date, there are no reports on its effects on sleep. We investigated the effect of rice bran on sleep and the mechanism underlying this effect. METHODS AND RESULTS Electroencephalography was used to evaluate the effects of standardized rice bran supplement (RBS) and doxepin hydrochloride (DH), a histamine H1 receptor (H1 R) antagonist used as a positive control, on sleep in mice. The mechanism of RBS action was investigated using knockout (KO) mice and ex vivo electrophysiological recordings. Oral administration of RBS and DH significantly decreased sleep latency and increased the amount of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS) in mice. Similar to DH, RBS fully inhibited H1 R agonist-induced increase in action potential frequency in tuberomammillary nucleus neurons. In H1 R KO mice, neither RBS nor DH administration led to the increase in NREMS and decrease in sleep latency observed in WT mice. These results indicate that the sleep-promoting effect of RBS is completely dependent on H1 R antagonism. CONCLUSIONS RBS decreases sleep latency and promotes NREMS through the inhibition of H1 R, suggesting that it could be a promising therapeutic agent for insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Um
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojin Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Jin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Yoon
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Yang
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Jung
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Zhi-Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sangoh Kwon
- S&D Research and Development Institute, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Suengmok Cho
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Sleep-Promoting Effects and Possible Mechanisms of Action Associated with a Standardized Rice Bran Supplement. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050512. [PMID: 28524102 PMCID: PMC5452242 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural sleep aids are becoming more popular due to the widespread occurrence of sleep disorders. The objective of this study was to assess the sleep-promoting effects of rice bran—a product that is considered as a functional ingredient. To evaluate the sleep-promoting effects of a standardized rice bran supplement (RBS), we employed a pentobarbital-induced sleep test and conducted analyses of sleep architecture. In addition, the effect of RBS on a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance was investigated. Oral administration of RBS (500 and 1000 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in sleep latency and increase in sleep duration in pentobarbital-induced sleep in mice. Moreover, both RBS (1000 mg/kg) and doxepin hydrochloride (histamine H1 receptor antagonist, 30 mg/kg) counteracted a caffeine-induced sleep disturbance in mice. In terms of sleep phases, RBS (500 mg/kg) promoted non-rapid eye movement sleep for the first 3 h following its administration. Lastly, we unveiled a possible mechanism for RBS action as the hypnotic effect of RBS was blocked by a histamine H1 receptor agonist. The present study revealed sleep-promoting effects of RBS using various animal assays. Such effects seem to be mediated through the histaminergic system. Our findings suggest that RBS may be a promising natural aid for relieving sleep problems.
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Aging rather than stress strongly influences amino acid metabolisms in the brain and genital organs of female mice. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 162:72-79. [PMID: 28017699 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging and stress affect quality of life, and proper nourishment is one of means of preventing this effect. Today, there is a focus on the amount of protein consumed by elderly people; however, changes in the amino acid metabolism of individuals have not been fully considered. In addition, the difference between average life span and healthy life years is larger in females than it is in males. To prolong the healthy life years of females, in the present study we evaluated the influence of stress and aging on metabolism and emotional behavior by comparing young and middle-aged female mice. After 28 consecutive days of immobilization stress, behavioral tests were conducted and tissue sampling was performed. The results showed that the body weight of middle-aged mice was severely lowered by stress, but emotional behaviors were hardly influenced by either aging or stress. Aging influenced changes in amino acid metabolism in the brain and increased various amino acid levels in the uterus and ovary. In conclusion, we found that aged mice were more susceptible to stress in terms of body-weight reduction, and that amino acid metabolisms in the brain and genital organs were largely influenced by aging rather than by stress.
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l-Ornithine affects peripheral clock gene expression in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34665. [PMID: 27703199 PMCID: PMC5050418 DOI: 10.1038/srep34665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral circadian clock is entrained by factors in the external environment such as scheduled feeding, exercise, and mental and physical stresses. In addition, recent studies in mice demonstrated that some food components have the potential to control the peripheral circadian clock during scheduled feeding, although information about these components remains limited. l-Ornithine is a type of non-protein amino acid that is present in foods and has been reported to have various physiological functions. In human trials, for example, l-ornithine intake improved a subjective index of sleep quality. Here we demonstrate, using an in vivo monitoring system, that repeated oral administration of l-ornithine at an early inactive period in mice induced a phase advance in the rhythm of PER2 expression. By contrast, l-ornithine administration to mouse embryonic fibroblasts did not affect the expression of PER2, indicating that l-ornithine indirectly alters the phase of PER2. l-Ornithine also increased plasma levels of insulin, glucose and glucagon-like peptide-1 alongside mPer2 expression, suggesting that it exerts its effects probably via insulin secretion. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that l-ornithine affects peripheral clock gene expression and may expand the possibilities of L-ornithine as a health food.
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Yang H, Woo J, Pae AN, Um MY, Cho NC, Park KD, Yoon M, Kim J, Lee CJ, Cho S. α-Pinene, a Major Constituent of Pine Tree Oils, Enhances Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Mice through GABAA-benzodiazepine Receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:530-539. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Wang M, Xu M, Rao Z, Yang T, Zhang X. Construction of a highly efficient Bacillus subtilis 168 whole-cell biocatalyst and its application in the production of l-ornithine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 42:1427-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
l-Ornithine, a non-protein amino acid, is usually extracted from hydrolyzed protein as well as produced by microbial fermentation. Here, we focus on a highly efficient whole-cell biocatalyst for the production of l-ornithine. The gene argI, encoding arginase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of l-arginine to l-ornithine and urea, was cloned from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10-127 and expressed in GRAS strain Bacillus subtilis 168. The recombinant strain exhibited an arginase activity of 21.9 U/mg, which is 26.7 times that of wild B. subtilis 168. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified recombinant arginase were 10.0 and 40 °C, respectively. In addition, the recombinant arginase exhibited a strong Mn2+ preference. When using whole-cell biocatalyst-based bioconversion, a hyper l-ornithine production of 356.9 g/L was achieved with a fed-batch strategy in a 5-L reactor within 12 h. This whole-cell bioconversion study demonstrates an environmentally friendly strategy for l-ornithine production in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhou Wang
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University 214122 Wuxi Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University 214122 Wuxi Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University 214122 Wuxi Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Taowei Yang
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University 214122 Wuxi Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University 214122 Wuxi Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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Matsuo H, Iwamoto A, Otsuka T, Hishida Y, Akiduki S, Aoki M, Furuse M, Yasuo S. Effects of time ofl-ornithine administration on the diurnal rhythms of plasma growth hormone, melatonin, and corticosterone levels in mice. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:225-34. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.965312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Cho S, Yoon M, Pae AN, Jin YH, Cho NC, Takata Y, Urade Y, Kim S, Kim JS, Yang H, Kim J, Kim J, Han JK, Shimizu M, Huang ZL. Marine polyphenol phlorotannins promote non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice via the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:2825-37. [PMID: 24488362 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In psychopharmacology, researchers have been interested in the hypnotic effects of terrestrial plant polyphenols and their synthetic derivatives. Phlorotannins, a marine plant polyphenol, could have potential as a source of novel hypnotic drugs. OBJECTIVES The effects of phlorotannins and major phlorotannin constituent eckstolonol on sleep-wake profiles in mice were evaluated in comparison with diazepam, and their hypnotic mechanism was also investigated. METHODS The effects of phlorotannin preparation (PRT) and eckstolonol orally given on sleep-wake profiles were measured by recording electroencephalograms (EEG) and electromyograms in C57BL/6N mice. Flumazenil, a GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptor antagonist, was injected 15 min before PRT and eckstolonol to reveal its hypnotic mechanism. RESULTS PRT administration (>250 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in sleep latency and an increase in the amount of non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS). Eckstolonol significantly decreased sleep latency (>12.5 mg/kg) and increased the amount of NREMS (50 mg/kg). PRT and eckstolonol had no effect on EEG power density of NREMS. The hypnotic effects of PRT or eckstolonol were completely abolished by pretreatment with flumazenil. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that phlorotannins promote NREMS by modulating the BZD site of the GABAA receptor. These results suggest that phlorotannins can be potentially used as an herbal medicine for insomnia and as a promising structure for developing novel sedative-hypnotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suengmok Cho
- Korea Food Research Institute, Sungnam, 463-746, Republic of Korea
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Miyake M, Kirisako T, Kokubo T, Miura Y, Morishita K, Okamura H, Tsuda A. Randomised controlled trial of the effects of L-ornithine on stress markers and sleep quality in healthy workers. Nutr J 2014; 13:53. [PMID: 24889392 PMCID: PMC4055948 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background L-ornithine is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid. Although L-ornithine is contained in various foods, the amount is usually small. Recently, studies have shown that orally administered L-ornithine reduced the stress response in animals. From these findings, we speculated that L-ornithine may play a role in the relieve of stress and improve sleep and fatigue symptoms in humans. Through a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, we asked if L-ornithine could be beneficial to stress and sleep in healthy workers. Method Fifty-two apparently healthy Japanese adults who had previously felt slight stress as well as fatigue were recruited to be study participants and were randomly divided into either the L-ornithine (400 mg/day) or placebo group. They orally consumed the respective test substance every day for 8 weeks. Serum was collected for the assessment of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S). Perceived mood and quality of sleep were measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Ogri-Shirakawa-Azumi sleep inventory MA version (OSA-MA). Results Serum cortisol levels and the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio were significantly decreased in the L-ornithine group in comparison with the placebo group. Also, anger was reduced and perceived sleep quality was improved in the L-ornithine group. Conclusion L-ornithine supplementation has the potential to relieve stress and improve sleep quality related to fatigue, both objectively and subjectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Miyake
- Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food technologies, Research & Development Division, Kirin Co,, Ltd,, 1-13-5, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan.
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Horiuchi M, Kanesada H, Miyata T, Watanabe K, Nishimura A, Kokubo T, Kirisako T. Ornithine ingestion improved sleep disturbances but was not associated with correction of blood tryptophan ratio in Japanese Antarctica expedition members during summer. Nutr Res 2013; 33:557-64. [PMID: 23827130 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Members of expeditions to Antarctica may show changes in biological and physiological parameters involved in lipid, glucose, and thyroid hormone metabolism as they adapt to the environment; however, alterations in amino acid (AA) levels and sleep among expedition members in Antarctica have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesized that there would be alterations of blood AA levels, and ornithine (Orn) ingestion would affect biological parameters and sleep in Japanese expedition members during the summer in Antarctica. Japanese Antarctica Research Expedition members (22 people) who stayed in Antarctica for 3 months from December 2010 were examined, and a randomized double-blind study of Orn ingestion (400 mg/d) for 4 weeks was performed. Sleep conditions were evaluated subjectively by the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi (brief version) questionnaire. The blood of Japanese Antarctica Research Expedition members in Antarctica showed higher creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and ammonia levels than that in Japan. On blood AA analysis, aspartate, Orn, and serine were significantly higher, and alanine and tryptophan (Trp) were significantly lower in Antarctica than in Japan. The Trp ratio, the value of Trp divided by the sum of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and branched-chain AAs, was significantly lower in Antarctica than in Japan. Although sleep deteriorated during the stay in Antarctica, Orn ingestion, to some extent, improved sleep compared with the placebo group in Antarctica, suggesting that Orn is effective for people with heavy physical workloads in places such as Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahisa Horiuchi
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Kokubo T, Ikeshima E, Kirisako T, Miura Y, Horiuchi M, Tsuda A. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled crossover trial on the effects of L-ornithine on salivary cortisol and feelings of fatigue of flushers the morning after alcohol consumption. Biopsychosoc Med 2013; 7:6. [PMID: 23414576 PMCID: PMC3583691 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0759-7-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Residual alcohol effects on physiological and psychological symptoms are commonly experienced the morning after alcohol consumption. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of L-ornithine on subjective feelings and salivary stress markers the morning after alcohol consumption and to investigate whether L-ornithine acutely accelerates ethanol metabolism. Methods This study had a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked crossover design. Subjects were all healthy Japanese adults with the ‘flusher’ phenotype for alcohol tolerance. In experiment 1, 11 subjects drank 0.4 g/kg body weight alcohol 1.5 h before their usual bedtime. Half an hour after drinking, they ingested either a placebo or 400 mg ornithine. The next morning on awakening, subjects completed a questionnaire containing a visual analog scale (VAS), the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi sleep inventory MA version (OSA-MA), and a profile of mood states (POMS) and collected a saliva sample for measurement of salivary stress markers (cortisol, secretory immunoglobulin A, and α-amylase). In experiment 2, placebo or 400 mg ornithine were administrated to 16 subjects both before and after drinking, and the feeling of drunkenness, breath ethanol concentration and one-leg standing time were repeatedly investigated until 180 min after alcohol consumption. Results There were significant decreases in “awareness”, “feeling of fatigue” and “lassitude” VAS scores and in “anger-hostility” and “confusion” POMS scores and a significant increase in “sleep length” in the OSA-MA test. Salivary cortisol concentrations on awakening were reduced after ornithine supplementation. There were no differences between ornithine and placebo in any of the subjective or physiological parameters of acute alcohol metabolism. Conclusions Taking 400 mg ornithine after alcohol consumption improved various negative feelings and decreased the salivary stress marker cortisol the next morning. These effects were not caused by an increase in acute alcohol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kokubo
- Developmental Research Group, Functional Food Business Project, Kirin Holdings Company, Limited, 1-13-5 Fukuura Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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Ogawa Y, Uchiyama N, Konishi T, Urade Y. Oxypinnatanine promotes non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/sbr.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts; Kyoto
| | - Nahoko Uchiyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics; National Institute of Health Sciences; Tokyo
| | - Tenji Konishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts; Kyoto
| | - Yoshihiro Urade
- Department of Molecular Behavioral Biology; Osaka Bioscience Institute; Osaka; Japan
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Ogawa Y, Minamizawa A, Tada S, Konishi T. Variation of Body Temperature after Administration of Amino Acid Amides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2013.10.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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