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Tam CC, Li L, Kosai S, Duhart Clarke SE, Ehlers CL, Karriker-Jaffe KJ. Protective effects of ethnic enclaves: Testing pathways to alcohol use and use disorders in Mexican American young adults. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38880996 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Ethnic enclave residence is associated with decreased risk for drinking and related problems, but less is known about the mechanisms that explain this association. Informed by theories of social control, we used a multilevel framework to examine whether negative attitudes toward drinking mediated associations between ethnic enclave residence (i.e., neighborhood linguistic isolation) and alcohol outcomes among Mexican American young adults (N = 628) in Southern California. Model 1 assessed mediation effects in the pathways from linguistic isolation to current drinking and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Model 2 adjusted for parental drinking attitudes and neighborhood alcohol availability. There were differential associations by gender in direct effects of linguistic isolation and negative drinking attitudes on both drinking and AUD. Among women only, linguistic isolation was related to greater abstinence and decreased AUD after accounting for social control proxies of parent attitudes and alcohol availability. Young adults' own drinking attitudes did not mediate relationships between linguistic isolation and alcohol outcomes. This study offers evidence on the importance of disaggregating Hispanic national groups by gender to uncover social mechanisms within ethnic enclave settings for tailored supports in reducing risk of drinking and alcohol-related harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C Tam
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
| | - Sam Kosai
- Health Practice Area, RTI International, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, USA
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2
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Davidson L, Piatkowski T, Pocuca N, Hides L. Modelling the Relationship Between Environmental and Social Cognitive Determinants of Risky Drinking Among Emerging Adults. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Perrotte J, Shrestha NR, MacPhail DCG, Ximenes MC, Ali YR, Baumann MR. Thinking about drinking: Acculturation and alcohol-related cognitions among college-bound Latinas. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36170460 PMCID: PMC10043051 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2119858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study examined acculturation with positive alcohol expectancies (PAE) and alcohol use intentions among college-bound Latinas using a bidimensional (ie U.S. acculturation/enculturation) and bidomain (ie behaviors/values) acculturation framework. Participants: A total of 298 Latina young adults between 18 and 20 years old were included in this analysis. Methods: Data were collected the summer before participants began college for the first time. We used an online survey to assess acculturation, PAE, and alcohol use expectancies. Results: Path analyses showed that U.S. acculturation values were related to more PAE and alcohol use intentions. U.S. acculturation behaviors were related to more alcohol use intentions, and the pathway was moderated by PAE. There was also an interaction between U.S. acculturation and enculturation behaviors predicting alcohol use intentions. Conclusion: This study sheds light on how acculturating Latina young women think about alcohol use prior to beginning college, which is an opportune window for targeted prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Perrotte
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States
| | | | | | - Megan C. Ximenes
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States
| | - Yasmin R. Ali
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, United States
| | - Michael R. Baumann
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
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4
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Longitudinal effects of acculturation and enculturation on mental health: Does the measure of matter? Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:1849-1866. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA great deal of research has focused on acculturation and enculturation, which represent the processes of adapting to a new culture. Despite this growing literature, results have produced inconsistent findings that may be attributable to differences in terms of the instruments used to assess acculturation and enculturation. Utilizing a 3-year longitudinal data set (with 1-year lags between assessments), the present study explored the psychometric properties of the Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire—Short Version (BIQ-S) and the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans II (ARSMA-II) and examined the overlap between changes in these measures as they relate to internalizing and externalizing problem behavior. The present sample consisted of 216 immigrant Latino youth (43% boys; mean age 13.6 years at baseline;SD= 1.44 years, range 10 to 17). Exploratory structural equation modeling identified factor structures for the BIQ-S and ARSMA-II that diverged from their hypothesized structure. Growth curve models also indicate divergence between the BIQ-S and ARSMA-II in terms ofchangein acculturation and enculturation processes. Finally, the present findings emphasized that measures of acculturation and enculturation are not equivalent in terms of their effects on internalizing and externalizing problems.
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Sanchez M, Dillon FR, Concha M, De La Rosa M. The Impact of Religious Coping on the Acculturative Stress and Alcohol Use of Recent Latino Immigrants. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2015; 54:1986-2004. [PMID: 24859922 PMCID: PMC4244280 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-014-9883-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Religion plays a prominent role in Latino culture and could be influential during difficult life transitions, such as those experienced during the immigration process. This study examines relations between religious coping, acculturative stress, and alcohol use in a sample of 415 recent Latino immigrants. Higher levels of acculturative stress were associated more positive and negative religious coping. Positive religious coping was related to lower alcohol use. Negative religious coping moderated the relationship between acculturative stress and alcohol use. Participants who used more negative religious coping had higher rates of alcohol use when experiencing high levels acculturative stress. Implications for culturally tailored prevention/interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Sanchez
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, PCA 360C, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Frank R Dillon
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, PCA 360C, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Mario De La Rosa
- Center for Research on US Latino HIV/AIDS and Drug Abuse (CRUSADA), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, PCA 360C, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
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Siegel RL, Fedewa SA, Miller KD, Goding-Sauer A, Pinheiro PS, Martinez-Tyson D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics for Hispanics/Latinos, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 2015; 65:457-80. [PMID: 26375877 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death among Hispanics/Latinos, who represent the largest racial/ethnic minority group in the United States, accounting for 17.4% (55.4 million/318 million) of the total US population in 2014. Every 3 years, the American Cancer Society reports on cancer statistics for Hispanics based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Among Hispanics in 2015, there will be an estimated 125,900 new cancer cases diagnosed and 37,800 cancer deaths. For all cancers combined, Hispanics have 20% lower incidence rates and 30% lower death rates compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHWs); however, death rates are slightly higher among Hispanics during adolescence (aged 15-19 years). Hispanic cancer rates vary by country of origin and are generally lowest in Mexicans, with the exception of infection-associated cancers. Liver cancer incidence rates in Hispanic men, which are twice those in NHW men, doubled from 1992 to 2012; however, rates in men aged younger than 50 years declined by 43% since 2003, perhaps a bellwether of future trends for this highly fatal cancer. Variations in cancer risk between Hispanics and NHWs, as well as between subpopulations, are driven by differences in exposure to cancer-causing infectious agents, rates of screening, and lifestyle patterns. Strategies for reducing cancer risk in Hispanic populations include increasing the uptake of preventive services (e.g., screening and vaccination) and targeted interventions to reduce obesity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Siegel
- Director, Surveillance Information, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Stacey A Fedewa
- Director, Risk Factor and Screening Surveillance, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ann Goding-Sauer
- Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Vice President, Surveillance and Health Services Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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Mills BA, Caetano R, Vaeth PAC, Reingle Gonzalez JM. Disentangling contributions of bar attendance, drinking, and other factors to elevated acute alcohol problems on the U.S.-Mexico border. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:2171-8. [PMID: 26463356 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levels of drinking are unusually elevated among young adults on the U.S.-Mexico border, and this elevation can be largely explained by young border residents' unusually high frequency of bar attendance. However, this explanation complicates interpretation of high alcohol problem rates that have also been observed in this group. Because bar environments can lower the threshold for many types of problems, the extent to which elevated alcohol problems among young border residents can be attributed to drinking per se-versus this common drinking context-is not clear. METHODS Data were collected from multistage cluster samples of adult Mexican Americans on and off the U.S.-Mexico border (current drinker N = 1,351). After developing structural models of acute alcohol problems, estimates were subjected to path decompositions to disentangle the common and distinct contributions of drinking and bar attendance to problem disparities on and off the border. Additionally, models were estimated under varying degrees of adjustment to gauge the sensitivity of the results to sociodemographic, social-cognitive, and environmental sources of confounding. RESULTS Consistent with previous findings for both drinking and other problem measures, acute alcohol problems were particularly elevated among young adults on the border. This elevation was entirely explained by a single common pathway involving bar attendance frequency and drinking. Bar attendance did not predict acute alcohol problems independently of drinking, and its effect was not moderated by border proximity or age. The common indirect effect and its component effects (of border youth on bar attendance, of bar attendance on drinking, and of drinking on problems) were surprisingly robust to adjustment for confounding in all parts of the model (e.g., fully adjusted indirect effect: b = 0.11, SE = 0.04, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Bar attendance and associated increases in drinking play a key, unique role in the high levels of acute alcohol problems among the border's young adult population that cannot be entirely explained by sociodemographic or social-cognitive characteristics of young border residents, by contextual effects of bars on problems, or by broader neighborhood factors. Bar attendance in particular may represent an early modifiable risk factor that can be targeted to reduce alcohol problem disparities in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raul Caetano
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, California
| | - Patrice A C Vaeth
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Oakland, California
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Lotfipour S, Cisneros V, Ogbu UC, McCoy CE, Barrios C, Anderson CL, Hoonpongsimanont W, Alix K, Chakravarthy B. A retrospective analysis of ethnic and gender differences in alcohol consumption among emergency department patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Emerg Med 2015; 15:24. [PMID: 26419652 PMCID: PMC4589191 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-015-0050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies of alcohol use have recognized several trends in consumption patterns among gender and age yet few have examined ethnic differences. This study examines the intra- and inter-ethnic differences in alcohol consumption among a population of patients seen in the emergency department. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the emergency department in a large urban setting. Information on drinking behavior and ethnicity was collected using the Computerized Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention (CASI) tool. We explored differences in drinking patterns using a multivariate multinomial logistic regression model. Results We analyzed the drinking habits of 2,444 patients surveyed between November 2012 and May 2014. The results indicate that when compared to non-Hispanic whites, Asians have the lowest odds of drinking within normal limits or excessively, followed by other Latinos, and Mexicans. Age and gender consistently showed statistically significant associations with alcohol-use. The odds of drinking within normal limits or excessively are inversely associated with age and were lower among females. The predicted probabilities show a marked gender-specific difference in alcohol use both between and within ethnic/racial groups. They also highlight an age-related convergence in alcohol use between men and women within ethnic groups. Discussion The results of this study show intra-racial/ethnic variability associated with sex and education. The highlighted differences within and between ethnic groups reinforce the need to use refined categories when examining alcohol use among minorities. Conclusion The results of this study confirm some alcohol consumption trends among ethnic minorities observed in literature. It provides empirical evidence of the marked gender differences and highlights an age-related convergence for gender-specific alcohol use. Health-care personnel should be aware of these differences when screening and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Lotfipour
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Victor Cisneros
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Uzor C Ogbu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Christopher Eric McCoy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | | | - Craig L Anderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Wirachin Hoonpongsimanont
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Kristin Alix
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
| | - Bharath Chakravarthy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine Health Affairs, Irvine, 333 The City Blvd West, Suit 640, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
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Choukas-Bradley S, Giletta M, Neblett EW, Prinstein MJ. Ethnic differences in associations among popularity, likability, and trajectories of adolescents' alcohol use and frequency. Child Dev 2015; 86:519-35. [PMID: 25571943 PMCID: PMC5985441 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two-part latent growth models examined associations between two forms of peer status (popularity, likability) and adolescents' alcohol use trajectories throughout high school; ethnicity was examined as a moderator. Ninth-grade low-income adolescents (N = 364; Mage = 15.08; 52.5% Caucasian; 25.8% African American; 21.7% Latino) completed sociometric nominations of peer status and aggression at baseline, and reported their alcohol use every 6 months. After controlling for gender, aggression, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, popularity-but not likability-prospectively predicted alcohol use trajectories. However, these effects were moderated by ethnicity, suggesting popularity as a risk factor for alcohol use probability and frequency among Caucasian and Latino, but not African American adolescents. Results suggest that developmental correlates of peer status should be considered within cultural context.
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Mills BA, Caetano R, Vaeth P. Cross-border policy effects on alcohol outcomes: drinking without thinking on the u.s.-Mexico border? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:2809-15. [PMID: 25336299 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of alcohol-related outcomes are sensitive to policy differences in politically distinct, adjacent territories. Factors that shape these cross-border effects, particularly when the policy differences are longstanding, remain poorly understood. We compared the ability of 2 classes of variables with theoretical relevance to the U.S.-Mexico border context-bar attendance and alcohol-related social-cognitive variables-to explain elevated drinking on the U.S. side of the border relative to other areas of the United States. METHODS Data were collected from multistage cluster samples of adult Mexican Americans on and off the U.S.-Mexico border (current drinker N = 1,351). Structural equation models were used to test drinking context (frequency of bar attendance) and 6 different social-cognitive variables (including alcohol-related attitudes, norms, motives, and beliefs) as mediators of border effects on a composite drinking index. RESULTS The border effect on drinking varied by age (with younger adults showing a stronger effect), consistent with previous findings and known risk factors in the region. Contrary to theoretical expectations, 6 different social-cognitive variables-despite relating strongly with drinking-were comparable in border and nonborder areas (within and across age) and played no role in elevated drinking on the border. Conversely, elevated drinking among border youth was mediated by bar attendance. This mediated moderation effect held after adjusting for potential sociodemographic and neighborhood-level confounders. CONCLUSIONS Increased drinking among U.S.-Mexico border youth is explained by patterns of bar attendance, but not by more permissive alcohol-related social-cognitive variables in border areas: Border youth attend bars and drink more than their nonborder counterparts, despite having comparable alcohol-related beliefs, attitudes, norms, and motives for use. Alcohol's heightened availability and visibility on both sides of the border may create opportunities for border youth to drink that otherwise would not be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britain A Mills
- University of Texas School of Public Health - Dallas , Dallas, Texas
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Reingle Gonzalez JM, Caetano R, Mills BA, Vaeth PAC. An assessment of individual-level factors associated with alcohol treatment utilization among Mexican Americans. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 47:347-52. [PMID: 25113028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify enabling factors for treatment utilization for alcohol-related problems, and to evaluate how enabling factors vary by need for treatment, among two samples of Mexican American adults. These two distinct samples included 2,595 current and former drinkers (one sample included 787 U.S./Mexico border residents; the other sample included 740 Mexican Americans living in U.S. cities not proximal to the border). Need for treatment (alcohol disorder severity) and (male) gender were the primary correlates of treatment utilization; and there was no moderation in the enabling factors by need for treatment as "enablers" of utilization. Further theoretical and empirical research is necessary to determine which mechanisms are driving disparities in treatment utilization across racial/ethnic groups generally, and Hispanic national groups specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raul Caetano
- University of Texas School of Public Health, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., V8.112, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Britain A Mills
- University of Texas School of Public Health, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., V8.112, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Patrice A C Vaeth
- Prevention Research Center, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749
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Lotfipour S, Cisneros V, Anderson CL, Roumani S, Hoonpongsimanont W, Weiss J, Chakravarthy B, Dykzeul B, Vaca F. Assessment of alcohol use patterns among spanish-speaking patients. Subst Abus 2014; 34:155-61. [PMID: 23577910 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2012.728990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess drinking patterns of Spanish-speaking patients using a bilingual computerized alcohol screening and brief intervention (CASI) tablet computer equipped with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). METHODS This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital emergency department (ED) between 2006 and 2010. Data from 1816 Spanish-speaking ED patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test for independence, and the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test for comparisons using quantitative variables. RESULTS Overall, 15% of Spanish-speaking patients were at-risk drinkers, and 5% had an AUDIT score consistent with alcohol dependency (≥20). A higher percentage of Spanish-speaking males than females were at-risk drinkers or likely dependent. Spanish-speaking males exhibited higher frequency of drinking days per week and higher number of drinks per day compared with females. Among older patients, nondrinking behavior increased and at-risk drinkers decreased. The majority of males and females were ready to change their behavior after the CASI intervention; 61% and 69%, respectively, scored 8-10. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that CASI was an effective tool for detecting at-risk and likely dependent drinking behavior in Spanish-speaking ED patients. The majority of patients were ready to change their drinking behavior. More alcohol screening and brief intervention tools should be tested and become readily accessible for Spanish-speaking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Lotfipour
- Center for Trauma and Injury Prevention Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
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Caetano R, Vaeth PAC, Chartier KG, Mills BA. Epidemiology of drinking, alcohol use disorders, and related problems in US ethnic minority groups. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2014; 125:629-48. [PMID: 25307601 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-62619-6.00037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This chapter reviews selected epidemiologic studies on drinking and associated problems among US ethnic minorities. Ethnic minorities and the White majority group exhibit important differences in alcohol use and related problems, including alcohol use disorders. Studies show a higher rate of binge drinking, drinking above guidelines, alcohol abuse, and dependence for major ethnic and racial groups, notably, Blacks, Hispanics, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives. Other problems with a higher prevalence in certain minority groups are, for example, cancer (Blacks), cirrhosis (Hispanics), fetal alcohol syndrome (Blacks and American Indians/Alaskan Natives), drinking and driving (Hispanics, American Indians/Alaskan Natives). There are also considerable differences in rates of drinking and problems within certain ethnic groups such as Hispanics, Asian Americans, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives. For instance, among Hispanics, Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans drink more and have higher rates of disorders such as alcohol abuse and dependence than Cuban Americans. Disparities also affect the trajectory of heavy drinking and the course of alcohol dependence among minorities. Theoretic accounts of these disparities generally attribute them to the historic experience of discrimination and to minority socioeconomic disadvantages at individual and environmental levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Caetano
- School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Patrice A C Vaeth
- School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Karen G Chartier
- School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Britain A Mills
- School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA
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Hayward RD, Krause N. The effect of belonging to an alcohol-proscribing religious group on the relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and mortality. Soc Sci Med 2013; 101:1-8. [PMID: 24560218 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether belonging to a religious group that proscribes alcohol use moderated the relationship between moderate alcohol use and mortality. Data came from the Americans' Changing Lives study, based on a representative probability sample of adults 25 and older in the US, including 3390 participants (2135 female). Survey data were collected in 1986, and mortality tracked by death certificate through 2005. Proportional hazards modeling indicated that, consistent with previous research, moderate alcohol consumption (two drinks or fewer per day on average) was related with lower mortality compared with both total abstention from alcohol and heavy consumption (more than two drinks per day) among participants who did not belong to an alcohol-proscribing group. By contrast, moderate drinkers who belonged to alcohol-proscribing groups had higher mortality risk compared with non-drinkers. Means comparisons suggested possible group differences including health behaviors (moderate drinkers in proscribing groups drank somewhat less often but more on each occasion and were more likely to smoke) and social relationships (they had fewer close friends, felt more isolated, and had more negative social interactions). Members of religious groups that proscribe alcohol use may have health risks associated with moderate alcohol use that are not present in the general population. Practitioners should be aware of religious cultural differences when assessing individuals' risk from alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- R David Hayward
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Neal Krause
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA
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García del Castillo Rodríguez JA, López-Sánchez C, Quiles Soler MC, García del Castillo-López A, Gázquez Pertusa M, Marzo Campos JC, Inglés CJ. Predictive models of alcohol use based on attitudes and individual values. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2013; 43:19-31. [PMID: 24855881 DOI: 10.2190/de.43.1.b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two predictive models are developed in this article: the first is designed to predict people's attitudes to alcoholic drinks, while the second sets out to predict the use of alcohol in relation to selected individual values. University students (N = 1,500) were recruited through stratified sampling based on sex and academic discipline. The questionnaire used obtained information on participants' alcohol use, attitudes and personal values. The results show that the attitudes model correctly classifies 76.3% of cases. Likewise, the model for level of alcohol use correctly classifies 82% of cases. According to our results, we can conclude that there are a series of individual values that influence drinking and attitudes to alcohol use, which therefore provides us with a potentially powerful instrument for developing preventive intervention programs.
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Ceballos NA, Czyzewska M, Croyle K. College Drinking among Latinos(as) in the United States and Mexico. Am J Addict 2012; 21:544-9. [PMID: 23082833 DOI: 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00269.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Ceballos
- Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA.
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Vaeth PAC, Caetano R, Mills BA, Rodriguez LA. Alcohol-related social problems among Mexican Americans living in U.S.-Mexico border and non-border areas. Addict Behav 2012; 37:998-1001. [PMID: 22564755 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines alcohol-related social problems among Mexican Americans living along the U.S.-Mexico border and in non-border areas. Interviews were conducted among Mexican Americans in the border regions of California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas (N=1307). Non-border respondents were interviewed primarily in Houston and Los Angeles (N=1288) as part of the Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS). Both the border and HABLAS surveys employed multistage cluster sample designs (response rates were 67% and 76%, respectively). In the bivariate analysis, there were no significant differences between border and non-border areas in the proportion of those with one or more social problem. In non-border areas, the prevalence of alcohol problems did not differ significantly by age. However, along the border the prevalence of alcohol problems was significantly different across age groups, with 18 to 29year old men and women having the highest prevalence. The final models showed no residence effect on problem likelihood. Drinking was strongly associated with problems. Although young border residents had higher problem prevalence rates than older residents, the logistic regression models showed no effect of border residence on the likelihood of problems, indicating that problems are due to alcohol consumption, not the border environment. The border, however, did appear to influence more drinking among young people. Regardless of residence, alcohol treatment and preventive interventions tailored to Mexican Americans are essential and special attention should be focused on younger individuals near the border.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice A C Vaeth
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, 6011 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390, United States
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Mills BA, Caetano R. Decomposing associations between acculturation and drinking in Mexican Americans. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36:1205-11. [PMID: 22316139 PMCID: PMC3349785 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01712.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acculturation to life in the United States is a known predictor of Hispanic drinking behavior. We compare the ability of 2 theoretical models of this effect-sociocultural theory and general stress theory-to account for associations between acculturation and drinking in a sample of Mexican Americans. Limitations of previous evaluations of these theoretical models are addressed using a broader range of hypothesized cognitive mediators and a more direct measure of acculturative stress. In addition, we explore nonlinearities as possible underpinnings of attenuated acculturation effects among men. METHODS Respondents (N = 2,595, current drinker N = 1,351) were interviewed as part of 2 recent multistage probability samples in a study of drinking behavior among Mexican Americans in the United States. The ability of norms, drinking motives, alcohol expectancies, and acculturation stress to account for relations between acculturation and drinking outcomes (volume and heavy drinking days) were assessed with a hierarchical linear regression strategy. Nonlinear trends were assessed by modeling quadratic effects of acculturation and acculturation stress on cognitive mediators and drinking outcomes. RESULTS Consistent with previous findings, acculturation effects on drinking outcomes were stronger for women than men. Among women, only drinking motives explained acculturation associations with volume or heavy drinking days. Among men, acculturation was linked to increases in norms, and norms were positive predictors of drinking outcomes. However, adjusted effects of acculturation were nonexistent or trending in a negative direction, which counteracted this indirect normative influence. Acculturation stress did not explain the positive associations between acculturation and drinking. CONCLUSIONS Stress and alcohol outcome expectancies play little role in the positive linear association between acculturation and drinking outcomes, but drinking motives appear to at least partially account for this effect. Consistent with recent reports, these results challenge stress models of linear acculturation effects on drinking outcomes and provide (partial) support for sociocultural models. Inconsistent mediation patterns-rather than nonlinearities-represented a more plausible statistical description of why acculturation-drinking associations are weakened among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britain A Mills
- University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas, TX 75390-9128, USA.
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Des Rosiers SE, Schwartz SJ, Zamboanga BL, Ham LS, Huang S. A Cultural and Social Cognitive Model of Differences in Acculturation Orientations, Alcohol Expectancies, and Alcohol-Related Risk Behaviors Among Hispanic College Students. J Clin Psychol 2012; 69:319-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.21859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Caetano R, Mills B, Vaeth PAC. Alcohol consumption and binge drinking among U.S.-Mexico border and non-border Mexican Americans. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2011; 36:677-85. [PMID: 22017228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper examines differences in drinking and binge drinking between Mexican Americans living along the U.S.-Mexico border and those living in 2 metropolitan areas away from the border (Houston, Texas and Los Angeles, California). METHODS Respondents in the non-border area (Houston and Los Angeles) constitute a multistage probability sample (N = 1,288), who were interviewed as part of the 2006 Hispanic Americans Baseline Alcohol Survey (HABLAS). Respondents in the border area (N = 1,307) constitute a household probability sample of Mexican Americans living on the U.S.-Mexico border. In both surveys, data were collected during computer-assisted interviews conducted in respondents' homes. The HABLAS and the border sample response rates were 76 and 67%, respectively. RESULTS There were no differences between border and non-border Mexican American men in the proportion of drinkers, the proportion who binge drink at least once a year, and volume of alcohol consumption. However, within each location, there were significant differences in drinking by age, indicating that younger men drank more than men who were older. Border women showed significant differences across age-groups in the proportion of drinkers, in binge drinking, and volume of alcohol consumption, which were not seen among non-border women. CONCLUSIONS Women's drinking seems to be more affected than men's by their residence on or off the U.S.-Mexico border. This is seen most clearly among young women 18 to 29 years old, and it is associated with an increased proportion of drinkers, a higher volume of drinking, and an increased proportion of women who report binge drinking. Increased drinking in this group of younger women seems to be associated with drinking in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Caetano
- Dallas Regional Campus, University of Texas School of Public Health, USA.
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Schwartz SJ, Weisskirch RS, Zamboanga BL, Castillo LG, Ham LS, Huynh QL, Park IJK, Donovan R, Kim SY, Vernon M, Davis MJ, Cano MA. Dimensions of acculturation: associations with health risk behaviors among college students from immigrant families. J Couns Psychol 2011; 58:27-41. [PMID: 21171742 PMCID: PMC7896485 DOI: 10.1037/a0021356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined a bidimensional model of acculturation (which includes both heritage and U.S. practices, values, and identifications) in relation to hazardous alcohol use, illicit drug use, unsafe sexual behavior, and impaired driving. A sample of 3,251 first- and second-generation immigrant students from 30 U.S. colleges and universities completed measures of behavioral acculturation; cultural values (individualism, collectivism, and self-construal); ethnic and U.S. identity; and patterns of alcohol and drug use, engagement in potentially unsafe sexual activities, and driving while (or riding with a driver who was) intoxicated. Results indicate that heritage practices and collectivist values were generally protective against health risk behaviors, with collectivist values most strongly and consistently protective. Nonetheless, heritage identifications were positively associated with sexual risk taking for Hispanics. U.S. practices, values, and identifications were not consistently related to risk behavior participation. Results are discussed in terms of bidimensional approaches to acculturation, the immigrant paradox, and implications for counseling practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth J Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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