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Hensel DJ, O’Sullivan LF. Sexual Concurrency Among Adolescent Women With Multiple Partners: A Daily Diary Study. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:70-77. [PMID: 35354537 PMCID: PMC9232968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sexual partnerships that overlap in some period of time (i.e., concurrent) are a key factor in sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission. Research examining concurrency among adolescents typically uses person-level, cross-sectional, and/or retrospective data, obscuring factors that manifest on any given occasion of concurrency. We used sexual diaries to examine: (1) daily prevalence of vaginal sex concurrency when two partners are reported by adolescent women; and (2) individual, relational, and behavioral attributes that impact the likelihood of sex with neither partner, with one partner or the other, or with both partners on any given day. METHODS Daily diaries were drawn from a large longitudinal cohort study examining sexual relationships, behaviors, and STIs among adolescent women. Participants contributed 280,844 partner-associated diary entries, of which (27.9%; n = 78,356) indicated multiple partners. All two-partner diary entries were retained for analysis (N = 323; Mage = 17.55; 90% African American). Random intercept mixed-effects multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the impact of predictor variables on odds of having sex with one or the other, both, or neither partner. RESULTS Most two-partner days (93.5%) involved no sex with either partner. Few reports (.2%) indicated same-day sexual concurrency. Older age, greater partner support, and higher sexual interest increased the likelihood of sex with both partners on the same day. CONCLUSIONS Individual, relational, and behavioral factors predict concurrency in ways that challenge assumptions that secondary partnerships constitute negligible relationships. Programs targeting partner concurrency in adolescents may find success tailoring messaging around these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J. Hensel
- Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN,Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
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Barrense-Dias Y, Bélanger RE, Desbiens F, Leatherdale ST, Haddad S. Understanding Sexual Health Indicators During Adolescence: A Study to Consider Time Since Sexual Debut When Exploring Multiple Sexual Partners. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:1765-1772. [PMID: 35075599 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding risky sexual behaviors among adolescents is key in efforts devoted to reducing the health burden related to sexually transmitted infections and unintended or unplanned pregnancies. The aims of this study were to understand the association between number of lifetime sexual partners and time since sexual debut (TSSD) among adolescents and to determine whether sex modified this association. Data were drawn from the 2018-2019 COMPASS-Quebec study, a cohort study conducted in secondary schools in the province of Quebec, Canada. Of 18,467 respondents aged 14 years and older, 6991 (37.9%; mean age 15.3) reported consensual sexual intercourse and answered questions on their age at sexual initiation and number of lifetime sexual partners. Multilevel Poisson regressions with robust standard errors were estimated to adjust for covariates and produce adjusted group mean differences. The adjusted mean number of lifetime sexual partners ranged from 1.5 for those who had recently begun sexual activity (< 12 months) to 4.0 for those who had been active for > 35 months, an average rise of about 0.6 per year. Females-to-males adjusted mean differences showed that males reported more sexual partners than females at all time points, but the differences were only significant at the shorter (< 12 months) and longer (> 35 months) time spans. This study highlights the importance of taking into account TSSD when using and interpreting the number of lifetime sexual partners as risky sexual behavior among adolescents. Sex did not have a significant modifying effect on the relationship between number of lifetime sexual partners and TSSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Barrense-Dias
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Soins Et Les Services de Première Ligne de L, Université Laval, 2525 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 0A4, Canada.
| | - Richard E Bélanger
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Soins Et Les Services de Première Ligne de L, Université Laval, 2525 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 0A4, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - François Desbiens
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Soins Et Les Services de Première Ligne de L, Université Laval, 2525 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 0A4, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Slim Haddad
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Soins Et Les Services de Première Ligne de L, Université Laval, 2525 Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 0A4, Canada
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé Et de Services Sociaux de La Capitale-Nationale, Québec, QC, Canada
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Kosasih CE, Solehati T, Utomo W, Heru H, Sholihah AR. Determinants Factors of High-risk Sexual Behavior Pregnancy among Adolescent in Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The vulnerability of adolescent lifestyles, especially sexual behavior among adolescents, which causes an increase in pregnancy and early marriage.
AIM: This study aimed to analyze the determinants of high-risk sexual behavior among adolescents in Indonesia.
METHODS: A correlational analytic research design was used with a cross-sectional approach using secondary data for the 2017 Indonesian demographic and health survey data (IDHS). The data collection was carried out through filling in the instruments developed by the 2017 IDHS. The data were analyzed using percentages, Chi-square test, and logistic regression. The study population was all adolescents, totaling 9,971 women and 12,612 single men aged 15–24 and living in Indonesia in the 2017 IDHS. The sampling technique used total sampling. Time of research: August-November 2020. Place: research locations in 34 provinces in Indonesia.
RESULTS: In male respondents, it was shown that the factors most influencing high-risk sexual behavior in adolescents were age (p = 0.000), knowledge (p = 0.003), place of residence (p = 0.000), discussion before wet dreams (p = 0.000), age at first wet dream (p = 0.000), age at first dating (p = 0.019), and internet usage (p = 0.000). Meanwhile, female respondents indicated that the most influential factors were age (p = 0.000) and place of residence (p = 0.032).
CONCLUSION: Boys have many factors that influence high-risk sexual behavior than girls. Information on determinant factors of high-risk adolescent sexual behavior can be used as a basis for developing policies for developing interventions in solving problems of premarital pregnancy due to high-risk sexual behavior among adolescents.
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Brown AL, Simons LG, Gibbons FX. How Economic Stress Impacts Risky Sex among African American Adolescents. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 51:1074-1088. [PMID: 34705184 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the potential for unintended pregnancy and exposure to sexually transmitted infections, both of which can have long-term deleterious health consequences, the identification of predictors of adolescent risky sexual behavior remains an important line of inquiry. Although prior research has identified a variety of family and individual factors that are associated with risky sexual behavior, few studies have examined the role of family economic stress. The current study utilized three waves of data from a community sample of African American families with adolescents (N = 778, 54% girls, average age = 10.4 years old at Wave 1, 12.3 years old at Wave 2, 15.6 years old at Wave 3) to test the family stress model as an explanation of adolescent risky sexual behavior. Multi-group analyses examined gender differences in the family processes expected to link economic stress and risky sexual behavior. Unlike most studies utilizing this theoretical perspective, family structure was also taken into account. The results supported the propositions of the family stress model for boys and girls for both two-caregiver and single-mother households. Further, in single-mother households, maternal psychological distress continued to have a positive effect on adolescent risky sex even after taking into account the impact of parenting behaviors. Overall, the results suggest that economic stress ripples through the family system, increasing adolescent risky sexual behavior through its negative impact on family processes, highlighting the need for systemic policy changes rather than individual-level intervention/prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L Brown
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | | | - Frederick X Gibbons
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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Dumas SA, Chu S, Horswell R. Analysis of Pregnancy and Birth Rates Among Black and White Medicaid-Enrolled Teens. J Adolesc Health 2020; 67:409-415. [PMID: 32576486 PMCID: PMC7483952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the United States, black teens overall have higher pregnancy and birth rates than whites, and it is commonly believed that minority race and low income account for this disparity. We examined racial differences in pregnancy and birth rates among teens from low-income households using Medicaid-enrollment as a proxy for low income. METHODS This was a retrospective study of Louisiana Medicaid claims data for female teens aged 15-17 years in 2014 (n = 66,069). Pregnancy and pregnancy outcome codes were identified (n = 2,276) and analyzed for differences by black and white race. We conducted validity analyses with different rate definitions and teens' claims status. RESULTS The cohort was 36% white and 54% black. More black teens than whites lacked any claims data (15.6% vs. 12.6%; p < .001). Rates calculated as events per 1,000 person-years of Medicaid coverage showed no difference in live birth rates between white and black teens (24.6 vs. 25.8; relative incidence ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, .93-1.18; p = .43); however, pregnancy rates for whites were higher than those for blacks (42.7 vs. 36.1; relative incidence ratio, .85; 95% confidence interval, .77-.93; p < .001). CONCLUSION In contrast to national trends, which include teens from diverse racial and socioeconomic backgrounds, Louisiana Medicaid-enrolled teens aged 15-17 years had equal birth rates regardless of black or white race, and whites had higher pregnancy rates. Decreased racial disparities in pregnancy and birth rates among these adolescents highlights socioeconomic influences in sexual health behavior and a need to examine the interplay of risk factors contributing to racial disparities seen among adolescents nationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Amanda Dumas
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Pediatrics, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, State Street Campus, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118 USA
| | - San Chu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808 USA
| | - Ronald Horswell
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808 USA
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Family Context and Adolescent Risky Sexual Behavior: an Examination of the Influence of Family Structure, Family Transitions and Parenting. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:1179-1194. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01231-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Exposure to sexually explicit media in early adolescence is related to risky sexual behavior in emerging adulthood. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230242. [PMID: 32275669 PMCID: PMC7147756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sexually explicit media exposure during early adolescence has been found to be associated with risky sexual behavior. However, previous study suffered from methodological issue, such as selection bias. Furthermore, little is known about the effect of multi-modality sexually explicit media exposure on risky sexual behavior, and how this relationship can be applied to non-western societies. Objectives This study aimed to improve upon previous studies by using instrumental variable estimation. In addition, this study also included multi-modality of sexually explicit media and three risky sexual behavior measure from a sample of Taiwanese adolescents. Methods Participants were recruited from a prospective longitudinal study (Taiwan Youth Project). All were in 7th grade (mean age = 13.3) when the study was initiated in 2000. Sexually explicit media exposure, including ever-exposure and number of modalities exposed to, was measured in wave 2 (8th grade). Risky sexual behavior was measured in waves 8 (mean age = 20.3) and 10 (mean age = 24.3). A two-stage least squares regression was employed, with pubertal timing as the instrumental variable. Results About 50% of participants had been exposed to sexual media content by 8th grade, from an average of one modality. Sexually explicit media exposure predicted early sexual debut, unsafe sex, and multiple sexual partners (all: p < .05). Furthermore, exposure to more media modalities increased the likelihood of risky sexual behaviors. However, only the effect on early sexual debut was gender invariant. Conclusions Exposure to sexually explicit media in early adolescence had a substantive relationship with risky sexual behavior in the emerging adulthood. Knowledge of this causal like effect provides a basis for building better preventive programs in early adolescence. One prominent way is early education on media literacy, and physicians themselves may need to be familiar with such content to initiate it.
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Cheshire E, Kaestle CE, Miyazaki Y. The Influence of Parent and Parent-Adolescent Relationship Characteristics on Sexual Trajectories into Adulthood. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 48:893-910. [PMID: 30790205 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-018-1380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To examine sexual partner acquisition into young adulthood and to explore what characteristics of the adolescent family context might predict this change, we used growth curve modeling to examine data from a nationally representative sample of adolescents followed longitudinally over 13 years through young adulthood (N = 5385). Growth curve modeling allowed us to treat the outcome as a dynamic variable and to examine 10 potential predictors of change while accounting for the nested nature of the data. Six family characteristics emerged as predictors of mean number of partners and rate of partner acquisition, while accounting for three significant adolescent predictors. Living in a single-parent or blended family and general communication about sex predicted higher lifetime number of sexual partners in young adulthood. Parent religiosity, parent disapproval of adolescent engagement in sex, and parent-adolescent connectedness were predictive of lower lifetime number of sexual partners. By following participants into their late twenties and early thirties, we were able to detect changes in the impact of early family factors that are not apparent in studies restricted to adolescents and emerging adults. For example, parent education, parent disapproval, and parent-adolescent connectedness were associated with higher rates of partner acquisition at age 23, but faster deceleration in partner acquisition as time progressed. Communication about negative consequences of sex was not predictive, regardless of whether it was "on time" (before sexual intercourse) or not. These results reveal that parents have significant, and sometimes unexpected, influence on their children's sexual behavior that persists well into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cheshire
- Department of Human Development and Family Science (0416), College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Christine E Kaestle
- Department of Human Development and Family Science (0416), College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Yasuo Miyazaki
- Faculty of Leadership, Counseling and Research, School of Education, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Stanley SM, Rhoades GK, Kelmer G, Scott SB, Markman HJ, Fincham FD. Unequally into "Us": Characteristics of Individuals in Asymmetrically Committed Relationships. FAMILY PROCESS 2019; 58:214-231. [PMID: 30294892 PMCID: PMC6408959 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study examined characteristics of individuals that are associated with being in asymmetrically committed relationships (ACRs), defined as romantic relationships in which there was a substantial difference in the commitment levels of the partners. These ACRs were studied in a national sample of unmarried, opposite-sex romantic relationships (N = 315 couples). Perceiving oneself as having more potential alternative partners was associated with increased odds of being the less committed partner in an ACR compared to not being in an ACR, as was being more attachment avoidant, having more prior relationship partners, and having a history of extradyadic sex during the present relationship. Additionally, having parents who never married was associated with being the less committed partner in an ACR but parental divorce was not. Although fewer characteristics were associated with being the more committed partner within an ACR, more attachment anxiety was associated with increased odds of being in such a position compared to not being in an ACR. We also address how some findings change when controlling for commitment levels. Overall, the findings advance understanding of commitment in romantic relationships, particularly when there are substantial asymmetries involved. Implications for both research on asymmetrical commitment as well as practice (e.g., therapy or relationship education) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Stanley
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, University Park, CO
| | - Galena K Rhoades
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, University Park, CO
| | | | | | - Howard J Markman
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, University Park, CO
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Eitle D, Thorsen M. School Contextual Factors and Race Differences in Adolescent Sexual Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SEXUAL HEALTH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEXUAL HEALTH 2018; 30:309-322. [PMID: 31435455 PMCID: PMC6703826 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2018.1502226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While there exist a voluminous number of studies examining predictors of adolescent sexual behavior, few studies have explored the role of the school social context in influencing teen sexual activity generally and specifically, the role that school contextual factors play in helping understand race differences in risky sexual behaviors. Using data from a nationally-representative school-based survey of American youth in grades 7-12, we find support for our core hypothesis that school contextual factors are associated with risky sexual behavior, number of sexual partners, and ever having sex, albeit it nuanced ways and that such factors cannot account for much of the race gap in adolescent sexual behavior. We interpret these findings to be more supportive of a social contagion model (versus a school climate model).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eitle
- Montana State University, Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Wilson 2-127, P.O. Box 172380, Bozeman, MT 59717
| | - Maggie Thorsen
- Montana State University, Department of Sociology & Anthropology. Wilson 2-122
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Gambadauro P, Carli V, Hadlaczky G, Sarchiapone M, Apter A, Balazs J, Banzer R, Bobes J, Brunner R, Cosman D, Farkas L, Haring C, Hoven CW, Kaess M, Kahn JP, McMahon E, Postuvan V, Sisask M, Värnik A, Zadravec Sedivy N, Wasserman D. Correlates of sexual initiation among European adolescents. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191451. [PMID: 29420612 PMCID: PMC5805230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sexuality is a physiological component of adolescent development, though early initiation is associated with reproductive health risk. This study aimed at identifying correlates and predictors of sexual initiation in a large multinational cohort of European adolescents. Methods A questionnaire addressing socio-demographics, behaviours, mental health and sexual activity, was delivered to 11,110 adolescents recruited from 168 randomly selected schools in 10 European countries between 2009 and 2011. A follow-up questionnaire was delivered after 12 months. The longitudinal association of baseline risk behaviors, psychological attributes and contextual vulnerabilities, with sexual initiation during follow-up was evaluated through simple and multivariable age/sex stratified logistic regression. Multinomial logistic regression measured the association between predictors and sexual initiation with or without coexisting reproductive risk factors, such as multiple partners or infrequent condom use. Results Baseline sexual experience was reported by 19.2% of 10,757 respondents (median age 15; IQR 14–15; females 59.6%). This was significantly more frequent among pupils older than 15 (41%) and males (20.8%). Of 7,111 pupils without previous experience who were available at follow-up (response rate 81.8%), 17% reported sexual initiation, without differences between females and males. Baseline smoking (age/sex adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.63), alcohol use (aOR 2.95), illegal drugs use (aOR 2.72), and poor sleep (aOR 1.71) predicted sexual initiation. Stratified analyses showed a particularly strong association in case of younger and female pupils, and, among girls, when initiation was reported together with multiple partners and/or infrequent condom use. Externalizing (i.e. conduct and hyperactivity) symptoms independently predicted sexual initiation. Internalizing difficulties (i.e. emotional and peer problems) were negatively associated with early and risky sexual initiation among boys. Significant predictors included also being bullied, fighting, truancy, and low parental involvement. Conclusions Adolescent sexual behaviours are related to non-sexual risk behaviours, psychological difficulties and contextual vulnerabilities. While gateway effects explain some associations, a comprehensive model is needed to understand adolescent sexual behaviours, their physical, mental, and social health outcomes, and their potential positive effects on wellbeing. Tailored interventions may need to consider younger girls as a particularly vulnerable group in view of a strong association between non-sexual and sexual behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gambadauro
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Res Medica Sweden, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Vladimir Carli
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gergö Hadlaczky
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Sarchiapone
- Department of Medicine and Health Science, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
- National Institute of Health for Migration and Poverty, Rome, Italy
| | - Alan Apter
- Schneider’s Children Medical Center of Israel, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Judit Balazs
- Vadaskert Child Psychiatric Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Raphaela Banzer
- Addiction Help Services BIN, Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, CIBERSAM School of Medicine, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Romuald Brunner
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Doina Cosman
- Clinical Psychology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luca Farkas
- Vadaskert Child Psychiatric Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Haring
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall, Austria
| | - Christina W. Hoven
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University-New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael Kaess
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean Pierre Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, CHRU de NANCY and Pôle 6, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy-Laxou, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Elaine McMahon
- National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Vita Postuvan
- Slovene Center for Suicide Research, Andrej Marusic Institute, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Merike Sisask
- Estonian-Swedish Mental Health & Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
- School of Governance, Law and Society (SOGOLAS), Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Airi Värnik
- Estonian-Swedish Mental Health & Suicidology Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Nusa Zadravec Sedivy
- Slovene Center for Suicide Research, Andrej Marusic Institute, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Danuta Wasserman
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health (NASP), Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Moilanen KL, Manuel ML. Mechanisms Linking Self-Regulation and Sexual Behaviors in Never-Married Young Adults. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2018; 55:120-133. [PMID: 28598682 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2017.1330394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about specific mechanisms linking self-regulation to sexual risk taking. The present study considered four possibilities in emerging adulthood: sexual self-restraint, consideration of future consequences, substance use, and romantic competence. Never-married young adults (N = 274), ages 18 to 24, responded to anonymous Internet surveys (60.2% female, 78.8% European American, 66.3% university students). The effects of self-regulation were primarily indirect but varied by sexual behavior, suggesting that high self-regulation limits sexual risk via high sexual self-restraint and low substance use. High regulation was linked to multiple sexual partners and high-risk practices risk via high romantic competence, high self-regulation was linked to multiple sexual partners and high risk practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Moilanen
- a Department of Learning Sciences and Human Development , West Virginia University
| | - Mary Lynn Manuel
- b Department of Counseling, Rehabilitation Counseling, and Counseling Psychology , West Virginia University
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Rossi E, Poulin F, Boislard MA. Trajectories of Annual Number of Sexual Partners from Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood: Individual and Family Predictors. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 46:995-1008. [PMID: 27665277 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent sexual development is not the same across the board, and can be seen as both normative as well as risky behavior, depending on factors such as age of onset and number of partners. This longitudinal study identified developmental trajectories of annual number of sexual partners from adolescence to emerging adulthood and their antecedents. From the ages of 16-22, 332 participants (60.8 % females) annually reported their number of sexual partners. Measures of adolescent and family characteristics taken at ages 13-15 were used as predictors. Group-based modeling identified four trajectory groups: the abstainers group (9.1 %), low-increasing group (30.6 %), medium-increasing group (53.0 %), and multiple-partners group (7.3 %). Multinomial logistical regressions indicated that better social competence increased chances of belonging to the multiple-partners group as compared to the abstainers and low-increasing groups, and more substance use predicted membership in the multiple-partners group as compared to the abstainers group. Moreover, females were overrepresented in the low-increasing and medium-increasing groups. These results imply a greater diversity in sexual development than proposed in the literature and highlight the importance of identifying the strengths and competencies associated with healthy sexual development along with the early risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rossi
- Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke West, Québec, Canada, H2X 3P2
| | - François Poulin
- Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke West, Québec, Canada, H2X 3P2.
| | - Marie-Aude Boislard
- Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 Sherbrooke West, Québec, Canada, H2X 3P2
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14
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Son DT, Oh J, Heo J, Van Huy N, Van Minh H, Choi S, Hoat LN. Early sexual initiation and multiple sexual partners among Vietnamese women: analysis from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2011. Glob Health Action 2016; 9:29575. [PMID: 26950566 PMCID: PMC4780093 DOI: 10.3402/gha.v9.29575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Under current HIV transmission mechanisms operating in Vietnam, women are seen as victims of their male partners. Having multiple sexual partners is one of the well-known risk factors for HIV infection. However, little is known about women's risky sexual behaviour and their vulnerability to HIV in Vietnam. This study aims to explore association between early sexual initiation and the number of lifetime sexual partners in Vietnamese women. Although the Vietnamese culture is socially conservative in this area, identifying women's risky sexual behaviour is important for the protection of women at risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Design A total of 8,791 women, who reported having had sexual intercourse, were included in this analysis of data from the 2011 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in Vietnam. Data were collected using two-stage strata sampling, first at the national level and second across six geographical regions (n=8,791). Multivariable logistic regressions describe association between early initiation of a sexual activity and lifetime multiple sexual partners. Results Early sexual intercourse was significantly associated with having lifetime multiple sexual partners. Women who were aged 19 or younger at first sexual intercourse were over five times more likely to have multiple sexual partners, compared with women whose first sexual intercourse was after marriage; aged 10–14 years (OR=5.9; 95% CI=1.9–18.8) at first intercourse; and aged 15–19 years (OR=5.4; 95% CI=4.0–7.2) at first intercourse. There was significant association with having multiple sexual partners for women of lower household wealth and urban residence, but the association with educational attainment was not strong. Conclusions The study results call for health and education policies to encourage the postponement of early sexual activity in young Vietnamese women as protection against risky sexual behaviour later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh Thai Son
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam;
| | - Juhwan Oh
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;
| | - Jongho Heo
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Public Health Joint Doctoral Program, San Diego State University and University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nguyen Van Huy
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Van Minh
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Sugy Choi
- JW LEE Center for Global Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Luu Ngoc Hoat
- Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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15
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Kastbom ÅA, Sydsjö G, Bladh M, Priebe G, Svedin CG. Differences in sexual behavior, health, and history of child abuse among school students who had and had not engaged in sexual activity by the age of 18 years: a cross-sectional study. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2016; 7:1-11. [PMID: 26811695 PMCID: PMC4712967 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s95493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Empirical research about late sexual debut and its consequences is limited, and further research is needed. Objective To explore how students who had not had intercourse by the age of 18 years differed in terms of sociodemographic factors, physical and psychological health, sexual behavior, and history of sexual abuse from those who had. Materials and methods This is a cross-sectional survey involving 3,380 Swedish 18-year-olds. Descriptive analyses were used to investigate different types of sexual behavior. Ordinal data concerning alcohol consumption, self-esteem, sexual and physical abuse, parental relationships, sense of coherence, and health were analyzed, and multiple regression was carried out to identify the most important factors associated with no sexual debut. Results Just under a quarter of the adolescents had not had oral, anal, or vaginal sex by the age of 18 years, and they comprised the index group. They were characterized by being more likely to have caring fathers, parents born outside Europe, lower pornography consumption, lower alcohol and tobacco consumption, less antisocial behavior, and above all lower sexual desire (sometimes, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.8; never/seldom, aOR 13.3) and fewer experiences of sexual abuse (aOR 25.5). Family structure and culture matters when it comes to the age of sexual debut. Conclusion Adolescents with no sexual debut at 18 years of age seemed to live a more stable and cautious life than more sexual experienced peers, exemplified by fewer antisocial acts, less smoking and alcohol/drug consumption, less sexual desire, and less experience of sexual abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa A Kastbom
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Sydsjö
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Bladh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gisela Priebe
- Department of Psychology, Linnæus University, Växjö, Sweden; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Göran Svedin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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16
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Miller PK, Broman CL. Racial-ethnic differences in sexual risk behaviors: The role of substance use. JOURNAL OF BLACK SEXUALITY AND RELATIONSHIPS 2016; 3:25-43. [PMID: 29201951 PMCID: PMC5710830 DOI: 10.1353/bsr.2016.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This research investigates the impact adolescent substance use has on adult sexual risk behaviors within racial-ethnic groups. Previous research has found support for this relationship, but often relies on concurrent measures of substance use and sexual risk behavior meaning that the causal direction of this relationship may be unclear. The data for this study come from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative survey that followed respondents from adolescence in 1994 to adulthood in 2008. Results show that substance use correlates with sexual risk behavior, but the impact varies by race-ethnicity.
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17
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Mechanisms That Link Parenting Practices to Adolescents’ Risky Sexual Behavior: A Test of Six Competing Theories. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 45:255-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Scales PC, Benson PL, Oesterle S, Hill KG, Hawkins JD, Pashak TJ. The dimensions of successful young adult development: A conceptual and measurement framework. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2015; 20:150-174. [PMID: 30344455 PMCID: PMC6176765 DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2015.1082429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we draw on the theoretical and empirical literature to name what appear to be core dimensions of successful young adult development. We also describe some possible indicators and measures of those dimensions and sketch the kinds of developmental relationships and opportunities young people need in adolescence to effectively transition to a successful young adulthood, as well as the developmental relationships and opportunities young adults need for continued well-being. We name eight social, psychological, behavioral, educational, occupational, health, ethical, and civic dimensions of successful young adult development, and suggest that only a minority of adolescents are well-prepared to make a transition to successful young adulthood. The goal of the article is twofold: to contribute to the articulation of and consensus on the dimensions of successful young adult development, and to lay the groundwork for subsequent research to empirically validate both those core dimensions, as well as developmental indicators of progress toward attainment of these proposed dimensions of well-being.
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19
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Barton AW, Kogan SM, Cho J, Brown GL. Father Involvement and Young, Rural African American Men's Engagement in Substance Misuse and Multiple Sexual Partnerships. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 56:241-51. [PMID: 26362297 PMCID: PMC4931282 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-015-9748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the associations of biological father and social father involvement during childhood with African American young men's development and engagement in risk behaviors. With a sample of 505 young men living in the rural South of the United States, a dual mediation model was tested in which retrospective reports of involvement from biological fathers and social fathers were linked to young men's substance misuse and multiple sexual partnerships through men's relational schemas and future expectations. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that levels of involvement from biological fathers and social fathers predicted young men's relational schemas; only biological fathers' involvement predicted future expectations. In turn, future expectations predicted levels of substance misuse, and negative relational schemas predicted multiple sexual partnerships. Biological fathers' involvement evinced significant indirect associations with young men's substance misuse and multiple sexual partnerships through both schemas and expectations; social fathers' involvement exhibited an indirect association with multiple sexual partnerships through relational schemas. Findings highlight the unique influences of biological fathers and social fathers on multiple domains of African American young men's psychosocial development that subsequently render young men more or less likely to engage in risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen W Barton
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA.
| | - Steven M Kogan
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Junhan Cho
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - Geoffrey L Brown
- Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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20
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Khurana A, Romer D, Betancourt LM, Brodsky NL, Giannetta JM, Hurt H. Stronger Working Memory Reduces Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescents, Even After Controlling for Parental Influences. Child Dev 2015; 86:1125-1141. [PMID: 26081926 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the prospective influence of adolescent working memory (WM) on changes in impulsivity and sexual risk taking and assessed whether this relation could be explained by confounding effects of parental influences. Data from 360 community adolescents (Mage = 13.5 ± 0.95 years; 52% female; 56% non-Hispanic White; low-mid socioeconomic status (SES); recruited from Philadelphia area in 2004-2005) were analyzed using structural equation modeling to predict changes in impulsivity and sexual risk taking over a 2-year follow-up, using baseline assessments of WM, parental monitoring, parental involvement, and SES. Stronger WM predicted reduced involvement in sexual risk taking at follow-up, effects channeled through changes in impulsivity dimensions of "acting without thinking" and "inability to delay gratification." Parental variables had a protective influence on adolescent impulsivity and risk involvement, but the effects of WM operated independently of parental influences.
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21
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Connolly EJ, Schwartz JA, Nedelec JL, Beaver KM, Barnes JC. Different Slopes for Different Folks: Genetic Influences on Growth in Delinquent Peer Association and Delinquency During Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:1413-27. [PMID: 25967897 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An extensive line of research has identified delinquent peer association as a salient environmental risk factor for delinquency, especially during adolescence. While previous research has found moderate-to-strong associations between exposure to delinquent peers and a variety of delinquent behaviors, comparatively less scholarship has focused on the genetic architecture of this association over the course of adolescence. Using a subsample of kinship pairs (N = 2379; 52% female) from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-Child and Young Adult Supplement (CNLSY), the present study examined the extent to which correlated individual differences in starting levels and developmental growth in delinquent peer pressure and self-reported delinquency were explained by additive genetic and environmental influences. Results from a series of biometric growth models revealed that 37% of the variance in correlated growth between delinquent peer pressure and self-reported delinquency was explained by additive genetic effects, while nonshared environmental effects accounted for the remaining 63% of the variance. Implications of these findings for interpreting the nexus between peer effects and adolescent delinquency are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Connolly
- Department of Criminal Justice, Pennsylvania State University, Abington, 1600 Woodland Road, Abington, PA, 19001, USA,
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22
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Huggins SP, Rooney ME, Chronis-Tuscano A. Risky sexual behavior among college students With ADHD: is the mother-child relationship protective? J Atten Disord 2015; 19:240-50. [PMID: 23048048 DOI: 10.1177/1087054712459560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the extent to which ADHD was associated with risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) in a sample of 92 undergraduates with (n = 44) and without (n = 48) ADHD. Mother-child relationship quality was examined as a potential moderator. METHOD We conducted comprehensive assessments for ADHD and comorbid conditions and collected measures of RSB and mother-child relationship quality. RESULTS Female students with ADHD were least likely to use condoms than males overall and females without ADHD. An interaction between ADHD and mother-child relationship quality accounted for significant variance in the number of past-year sexual partners, such that a high-quality relationship was protective only for students with ADHD. No other significant associations were found between ADHD and RSB. CONCLUSION Results suggest that female college students with ADHD are at risk for unprotected sex. Moreover, a positive mother-child relationship may be protective for college students with ADHD in relation to RSB.
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23
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Kastbom ÅA, Sydsjö G, Bladh M, Priebe G, Svedin CG. Sexual debut before the age of 14 leads to poorer psychosocial health and risky behaviour in later life. Acta Paediatr 2015; 104:91-100. [PMID: 25213099 PMCID: PMC4480657 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the relationship between sexual debut before 14 years of age and socio-demographics, sexual experience, health, experience of child abuse and behaviour at 18 years of age. METHODS A sample of 3432 Swedish high school seniors completed a survey about sexuality, health and abuse at the age of 18. RESULTS Early debut was positively correlated with risky behaviours, such as the number of partners, experience of oral and anal sex, health behaviours, such as smoking, drug and alcohol use, and antisocial behaviour, such as being violent, lying, stealing and running away from home. Girls with an early sexual debut had significantly more experience of sexual abuse. Boys with an early sexual debut were more likely to have a weak sense of coherence, low self-esteem and poor mental health, together with experience of sexual abuse, selling sex and physical abuse. A multiple logistic regression model showed that a number of antisocial acts and health behaviours remained significant, but early sexual debut did not increase the risk of psychiatric symptoms, low self-esteem or low sense of coherence at 18 years of age. CONCLUSION Early sexual debut was associated with problematic behaviours during later adolescence, and this vulnerability requires attention from parents and healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa A Kastbom
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University HospitalLinköping, Sweden
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Sydsjö
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
| | - Marie Bladh
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
| | - Gisela Priebe
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, IKVL, Lund UniversityLund, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Linnæus UniversitySmåland, Sweden
| | - Carl-Göran Svedin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping UniversityLinköping, Sweden
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24
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Ritchwood TD, Howell RJ, Traylor AC, Church WT, Bolland JM. Change in Age-Specific, Psychosocial Correlates of Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Youth: Longitudinal Findings From a Deep South, High-Risk Sample. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2014; 23:1366-1377. [PMID: 26388682 PMCID: PMC4574299 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined psychosocial predictors of change in intercourse frequency and number of sexual partners among youth within a socio-ecological framework and assessed whether these determinants vary by stage of adolescent development. Longitudinal data were derived from a large, community study of adolescent risky behavior among predominantly high-risk, African American youth. Significant predictors of intercourse frequency for early adolescents included age, gender, self-worth, and familial factors; for older youth, age, gender, self-worth, curfews, and sense of community exerted significant effects. Among early adolescents, age, gender, self-worth, familial factors, and sense of community predicted change in the number of sexual partners in the previous year, while age, gender, self-worth, parental knowledge, curfews, and sense of community were predictive of change in the number of sexual partners in the previous year among older youth. Study implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiarney D. Ritchwood
- Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 725 Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, CB#7590, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7590, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Howell
- Department of Criminal Justice, Charleston Southern University, Charleston, SC 29406, USA
| | - Amy C. Traylor
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Wesley T. Church
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - John M. Bolland
- College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
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25
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Lansford JE, Dodge KA, Fontaine RG, Bates JE, Pettit GS. Peer rejection, affiliation with deviant peers, delinquency, and risky sexual behavior. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 43:1742-51. [PMID: 25150986 PMCID: PMC4163526 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Risky sexual behavior poses significant health risks by increasing sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies. Previous research has documented many factors related to risky sexual behavior. This study adds to the literature by proposing a prospective, developmental model of peer factors related to risky sexual behavior. Developmental pathways to risky sexual behavior were examined in a sample of 517 individuals (51% female; 82% European American, 16% African American, 2% other) followed from age 5-27. Structural equation models examined direct and indirect effects of peer rejection (assessed via peer nominations at ages 5, 6, 7, and 8), affiliation with deviant peers (assessed via self-report at ages 11 and 12), and delinquency (assessed via maternal report at ages 10 and 16) on risky sexual behavior (assessed via self-report at age 27). More peer rejection during childhood, affiliation with deviant peers during pre- adolescence, and delinquency in childhood and adolescence predicted more risky sexual behavior through age 27, although delinquency at age 16 was the only risk factor that had a significant direct effect on risky sexual behavior through age 27 above and beyond the other risk factors. Peer rejection was related to subsequent risk factors for girls but not boys. Peer risk factors as early as age 5 shape developmental pathways through childhood and adolescence and have implications for risky sexual behavior into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Lansford
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Box 90545, Durham, NC, 27708, USA,
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26
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Carlson DL, McNulty TL, Bellair PE, Watts S. Neighborhoods and racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent sexual risk behavior. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 43:1536-49. [PMID: 24214727 PMCID: PMC4016194 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-013-0052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the determinants of racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent sexual risk behavior is important given its links to the differential risk of teen pregnancy, childbearing, and sexually transmitted infections. This article tests a contextual model that emphasizes the concentration of neighborhood disadvantage in shaping racial/ethnic disparities in sexual risk behavior. We focus on two risk behaviors that are prevalent among Black and Hispanic youth: the initiation of sexual activity in adolescence and the number of sex partners. Using data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Study of Youth (N = 6,985; 48% female; 57% non-Hispanic White) evidence indicates that neighborhood disadvantage--measured by concentrated poverty, unemployment rates, and the proportion of female-headed households--partially explains Black and Hispanic disparities from Whites in the odds of adolescent sexual debut, although the prevalence of female-headed households in neighborhoods appears to be the main driver in this domain. Likewise, accounting for neighborhood disadvantage reduces the Black-White and Hispanic-White disparity in the number of sexual partners, although less so relative to sexual debut. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Carlson
- Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5020, Atlanta, GA, 30302-5020, USA,
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27
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Moilanen KL. Predictors of latent growth in sexual risk taking in late adolescence and early adulthood. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2013; 52:83-97. [PMID: 24256549 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.826167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to examine latent growth in a composite index of sexual risk taking (defined in terms of number of sexual partners and condom nonuse) on five occasions between ages 14-15 and 22-23 years, and to identify associations between latent growth parameters and covariates. As part of the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 (CNLSY-79), 740 adolescents provided data at two-year intervals between 1994 and 2004. Latent growth models revealed quadratic growth in youths' sexual risk taking. High initial levels of risk were attributable to early adolescent family structure, the expectation of teenage parenthood, early autonomy from parents, young age at dating initiation, and delinquency. Linear and quadratic growth terms were explained by early adolescent family structure, perceived academic competence, substance use, and delinquency. These associations persisted when time-varying covariates of other contraceptive use and relationship status were modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Moilanen
- a Department of Technology, Learning, and Culture , West Virginia University
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28
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Tarantino N, Tully EC, Garcia SE, South S, Iacono WG, McGue M. Genetic and environmental influences on affiliation with deviant peers during adolescence and early adulthood. Dev Psychol 2013; 50:663-73. [PMID: 24015689 DOI: 10.1037/a0034345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence and early adulthood is a time when peer groups become increasingly influential in the lives of young people. Youths exposed to deviant peers risk susceptibility to externalizing behaviors and related psychopathology. In addition to environmental correlates of deviant peer affiliation, a growing body of evidence has suggested that affiliation with deviant peers is heritable. This study examined the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on affiliation with deviant peers, changes in the relative importance of these factors, and which of these factors contribute to the stability of affiliation across this critical developmental period using a longitudinal twin study design that assessed same-sex twins (485 monozygotic pairs, 271 dizygotic pairs) at 3 discrete ages: 15, 18, and 21 years of age. Biometric models revealed that genetic influences increased with age. New genetic influences appeared during late adolescence, and no new genetic influences emerged by age 21. Environmental influences shared by sibling pairs decreased with age, while the proportion of nonshared environmental effects unique to each individual remained relatively stable over the course of development. Shared environmental influences were largely age-overlapping, whereas nonshared environmental influences were largely age-specific. In summary, this study found variance in affiliation with deviant peers is explained by shared and nonshared environment effects as well as by genetic influences (46% by age 21), supporting the role of genetically influenced selection factors. The shared environment was almost exclusively responsible for the stability in late adolescence, while genetic influences were primarily responsible for stability in early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin C Tully
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University
| | | | | | | | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota
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29
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Kogan SM, Yu T, Brody GH, Allen KA. The development of conventional sexual partner trajectories among african american male adolescents. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2013; 42:825-34. [PMID: 23150103 PMCID: PMC3586382 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-012-0025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
African American male youth disproportionately report involvement with multiple sexual partners, which increases their risk for sexually transmitted infections and initiation of unplanned pregnancies. Little is known about the developmental precursors of sexual partner trajectories among African American male youth. Moreover, few studies focus on the many African American youth who evince highly conventional sexual partner trajectories, i.e., youth who have only one partner or abstain from sexual activity across time. Using four waves of data from a longitudinal study, we hypothesized that an accumulation of social and economic disadvantages in early adolescence would negatively influence youths' conventional sexual partner trajectories in late adolescence. We expected these disadvantages to affect youths' receipt of protective family processes and their reports of a set of intrapersonal processes (self-regulation, hope, and low levels of anger) linked to generally conventional behavior. Hypotheses were tested with data from 315 African American male youth from 11 to 18.5 years of age and their primary caregivers. Our results supported the hypotheses. Socioeconomic disadvantages during preadolescence predicted less involvement in conventional sexual partner trajectories from ages 16 to 18.5 years. This association was mediated by protective family processes and a set of interrelated intrapersonal protective processes. Preventive interventions designed to promote protective parenting and intrapersonal processes can be expected to promote sexual behavior trajectories characterized by abstinence or relations with very few partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-4527, USA.
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Brown CH, Mohr DC, Gallo CG, Mader C, Palinkas L, Wingood G, Prado G, Kellam SG, Pantin H, Poduska J, Gibbons R, McManus J, Ogihara M, Valente T, Wulczyn F, Czaja S, Sutcliffe G, Villamar J, Jacobs C. A computational future for preventing HIV in minority communities: how advanced technology can improve implementation of effective programs. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013; 63 Suppl 1:S72-84. [PMID: 23673892 PMCID: PMC3746769 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e31829372bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
African Americans and Hispanics in the United States have much higher rates of HIV than non-minorities. There is now strong evidence that a range of behavioral interventions are efficacious in reducing sexual risk behavior in these populations. Although a handful of these programs are just beginning to be disseminated widely, we still have not implemented effective programs to a level that would reduce the population incidence of HIV for minorities. We proposed that innovative approaches involving computational technologies be explored for their use in both developing new interventions and in supporting wide-scale implementation of effective behavioral interventions. Mobile technologies have a place in both of these activities. First, mobile technologies can be used in sensing contexts and interacting to the unique preferences and needs of individuals at times where intervention to reduce risk would be most impactful. Second, mobile technologies can be used to improve the delivery of interventions by facilitators and their agencies. Systems science methods including social network analysis, agent-based models, computational linguistics, intelligent data analysis, and systems and software engineering all have strategic roles that can bring about advances in HIV prevention in minority communities. Using an existing mobile technology for depression and 3 effective HIV prevention programs, we illustrated how 8 areas in the intervention/implementation process can use innovative computational approaches to advance intervention adoption, fidelity, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hendricks Brown
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33136, USA.
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Murry VM, Simons RL, Simons LG, Gibbons FX. Contributions of family environment and parenting processes to sexual risk and substance use of rural African American males: a 4-year longitudinal analysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY 2013; 83:299-309. [PMID: 23889021 DOI: 10.1111/ajop.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to identify factors that forecast sexual risk and alcohol or other substance use patterns among 411 rural African American males as they transitioned from middle childhood to late adolescence. In addition, an exploration was undertaken to examine the contribution of both risk and protective factors in distinguishing rural African American males at highest risk for engaging in risky sexual behavior and elevated substance use from those with relatively low risk of engaging in these behaviors. Findings revealed that exposure to negative life events during middle childhood has prognostic significance for rural African American males' susceptibility to engaging in HIV-related risk behaviors as they transition into adolescence and young adulthood. High-risk engaging males had significantly higher means on susceptibility to risk and marginally significantly higher means on substance-using peer affiliation. High-risk rural African American males also reported lower means on involved-vigilant parent than the normative group (low-risk group). However, economic hardship, family stress, parental psychological functioning, and harsh and inconsistent parenting did not emerge as significant predictors of high- or low-risk group membership. The implication for future research and preventive interventions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velma M Murry
- Department of Human and Organizational Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, PMB 229, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Barr AB, Simons RL, Simons LG, Gibbons FX, Gerrard M. Teen Motherhood and Pregnancy Prototypes: The Role of Social Context in Changing Young African American Mothers’ Risk Images and Contraceptive Expectations. J Youth Adolesc 2013; 42:1884-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-013-9912-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gardner M, Martin A, Brooks-Gunn J. Exploring the Link between Caregiver Affect and Adolescent Sexual Behavior: Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Matter? JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2012; 22:135-149. [PMID: 22408364 PMCID: PMC3293489 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2011.00752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In a sample of urban youth (N = 1,070), we examined the links between primary caregiver affect (i.e., warmth and hostility) and two measures of sexual behavior in adolescence - early sexual initiation and sex with multiple partners. We also examined the extent to which neighborhood disadvantage moderated associations between caregiver affect and adolescent sexual behavior. We found that caregiver hostility was positively associated with early sex and sex with multiple partners in neighborhoods characterized by high levels of disadvantage, but inversely associated with both sex outcomes in neighborhoods characterized by low levels of disadvantage. Caregiver warmth, on the other hand, was inversely associated with early sexual initiation and sex with multiple partners in all neighborhoods regardless of neighborhood disadvantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Gardner
- Margo Gardner, Anne Martin, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn, National Center for Children and Families, Teachers College Columbia University
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Shiyko MP, Li Y, Rindskopf D. Poisson Growth Mixture Modeling of Intensive Longitudinal Data: An Application to Smoking Cessation Behavior. STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING : A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL 2012; 19:65-85. [PMID: 22408365 PMCID: PMC3294500 DOI: 10.1080/10705511.2012.634722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Intensive longitudinal data (ILD) have become increasingly common in the social and behavioral sciences; count variables, such as the number of daily smoked cigarettes, are frequently-used outcomes in many ILD studies. We demonstrate a generalized extension of growth mixture modeling (GMM) to Poisson-distributed ILD for identifying qualitatively distinct trajectories in the context of developmental heterogeneity in count data. Accounting for the Poisson outcome distribution is essential for correct model identification and estimation. In addition, setting up the model in a way that is conducive to ILD measures helps with data complexities - large data volume, missing observations, and differences in sampling frequency across individuals. We present technical details of model fitting, summarize an empirical example of patterns of smoking behavior change, and describe research questions the generalized GMM helps to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya P. Shiyko
- The Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | - Yuelin Li
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, New York
| | - David Rindskopf
- Department of Educational Psychology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
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Donahue KL, D'Onofrio BM, Bates JE, Lansford JE, Dodge KA, Pettit GS. Early exposure to parents' relationship instability: implications for sexual behavior and depression in adolescence. J Adolesc Health 2010; 47:547-54. [PMID: 21094431 PMCID: PMC2993005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Examine the effects of the timing of parents' relationship instability on adolescent sexual and mental health. METHODS We assessed whether the timing of parents' relationship instability predicted adolescents' history of sexual partnerships (SP) and major depressive episodes. Multivariate logistic regression analyses controlled for potential mediators related to parenting and the family, including parent knowledge of activities, parent-child relationship quality, number of parents' post-separation relationship transitions, and number of available caregivers. Participants were assessed annually from age 5 through young adulthood as part of a multisite community sample (N = 585). RESULTS Participants who experienced parents' relationship instability before age 5 were more likely to report SP at age 16 (odds ratio [OR](adj) = 1.58) or an episode of major depression during adolescence (OR(adj) = 2.61). Greater parent knowledge at age 12 decreased the odds of SP at age 16, but none of the hypothesized parenting and family variables statistically mediated the association between early instability and SP or major depressive episode. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that experiencing parents' relationship instability in early childhood is associated with sexual behavior and major depression in adolescence, but these associations are not explained by the parenting and family variables included in our analyses. Limitations of the current study and implications for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Donahue
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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