1
|
Lo S, Ba BS, Niang AA, N'diaye I, Diop M, De Magny GC. Investigation of potentially pathogenic Vibrionaceae in Saint-Louis city, Senegal. Pan Afr Med J 2024; 48:5. [PMID: 38946740 PMCID: PMC11214138 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.5.34685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction as cholera, due to toxigenic bacteria Vibrio cholera (serogroups O1 and O139), is a major public health threat in Africa, the aim of this work was to investigate potentially pathogenic Vibrionaceae bacteria firstly from human stool samples, and secondly from various environmental water points of Saint-Louis city in Senegal. Methods a hospital-based study was conducted between 2013 and 2015. Stool samples were taken and cultured from daily incoming patients or hospitalized for acute diarrhea at Saint-Louis´ regional hospital. For environment, a monthly longitudinal sampling from January to October 2016 was carried out at 10 sites in the city. We used total DNA extracted from APW (alkaline peptone water) broth solutions and on suspect bacterial colonies to run PCR Multiplex targeting specific DNA fragments to detect Vibrio genus and specific species. In case of positivity, a simplex PCR was performed to test for cholera toxins Ctx, and V. parahaemolyticus TRH and TDH. Results for 43 patients screened, bacterial culture was positive in 6% of cases but no strain of V. cholerae or other Vibrio sp. was isolated. PCR on 90 APW solutions were positive for Vibrio sp.(n = 43), V. cholera(n = 27), V. mimicus(n = 16), V. parahaemolyticus(8), V. alginolyticus(n = 4), and V. vulnificus(n = 2). Unlike for those on suspected colonies which were positive for a majority of V. parahaemolyticus (n = 40) and V. cholerae non-O1 / O139 (n = 35). Six strains of V. parahaemolyticus carried TRH gene, 3 of which expressed simultaneously virulence TRH and TDH genes. For physicochemical parameters, all temperatures varied similarly according to a unimodal seasonality, as well as salinity. Conclusion despite the presence of natural populations of Vibrionaceae, even toxigenic ones, was noted in water environment, along with favorable habitat conditions that could play a role in transmission of Vibriosis in the Saint Louis population, we did not isolate any of them from patients screened at the hospital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seynabou Lo
- UFR Sciences of Health, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
- Laboratory of Biology, Regional Hospital Center of Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | | | - Aissatou Ahmet Niang
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, FMPOS, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Fann National University Hospital Center, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Issa N'diaye
- Pole of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Diop
- UFR Sciences of Health, Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal
| | - Guillaume Constantin De Magny
- Pole of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute, Dakar, Senegal
- Montpellier Ecology and Evolution of Disease Network (MEEDiN), Montpellier, France
- MIVEGEC (Université de Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5290, IRD 224), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Délégation Occitanie, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amato E, Riess M, Thomas-Lopez D, Linkevicius M, Pitkänen T, Wołkowicz T, Rjabinina J, Jernberg C, Hjertqvist M, MacDonald E, Antony-Samy JK, Dalsgaard Bjerre K, Salmenlinna S, Fuursted K, Hansen A, Naseer U. Epidemiological and microbiological investigation of a large increase in vibriosis, northern Europe, 2018. Euro Surveill 2022; 27:2101088. [PMID: 35837965 PMCID: PMC9284918 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.28.2101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundVibriosis cases in Northern European countries and countries bordering the Baltic Sea increased during heatwaves in 2014 and 2018.AimWe describe the epidemiology of vibriosis and the genetic diversity of Vibrio spp. isolates from Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Poland and Estonia in 2018, a year with an exceptionally warm summer.MethodsIn a retrospective study, we analysed demographics, geographical distribution, seasonality, causative species and severity of non-travel-related vibriosis cases in 2018. Data sources included surveillance systems, national laboratory notification databases and/or nationwide surveys to public health microbiology laboratories. Moreover, we performed whole genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing of available isolates from 2014 to 2018 to map their genetic diversity.ResultsIn 2018, we identified 445 non-travel-related vibriosis cases in the study countries, considerably more than the median of 126 cases between 2014 and 2017 (range: 87-272). The main reported mode of transmission was exposure to seawater. We observed a species-specific geographical disparity of vibriosis cases across the Nordic-Baltic region. Severe vibriosis was associated with infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus (adjOR: 17.2; 95% CI: 3.3-90.5) or Vibrio parahaemolyticus (adjOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.0-4.5), age ≥ 65 years (65-79 years: adjOR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.7-8.7; ≥ 80 years: adjOR: 15.5; 95% CI: 4.4-54.3) or acquiring infections during summer (adjOR: 5.1; 95% CI: 2.4-10.9). Although phylogenetic analysis revealed diversity between Vibrio spp. isolates, two V. vulnificus clusters were identified.ConclusionShared sentinel surveillance for vibriosis during summer may be valuable to monitor this emerging public health issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Amato
- Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway,European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Riess
- Department of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Microbiology, Stockholm, Sweden,European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Thomas-Lopez
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Division of Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark,European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marius Linkevicius
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Helsinki, Finland,European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tarja Pitkänen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio, Finland,University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jelena Rjabinina
- Health Board, Department of CD Surveillance and Control, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Cecilia Jernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Microbiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Hjertqvist
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Health Protection, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emily MacDonald
- Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Karsten Dalsgaard Bjerre
- Data Integration and Analysis, Division of Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saara Salmenlinna
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Division of Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Hansen
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Department of Communicable Disease Control and Health Protection, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Umaer Naseer
- Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Igere BE, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU. Non-serogroup O1/O139 agglutinable Vibrio cholerae: a phylogenetically and genealogically neglected yet emerging potential pathogen of clinical relevance. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:323. [PMID: 35567650 PMCID: PMC9107296 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Somatic antigen agglutinable type-1/139 Vibrio cholerae (SAAT-1/139-Vc) members or O1/O139 V. cholerae have been described by various investigators as pathogenic due to their increasing virulence potential and production of choleragen. Reported cholera outbreak cases around the world have been associated with these choleragenic V. cholerae with high case fatality affecting various human and animals. These virulent Vibrio members have shown genealogical and phylogenetic relationship with the avirulent somatic antigen non-agglutinable strains of 1/139 V. cholerae (SANAS-1/139- Vc) or O1/O139 non-agglutinating V. cholerae (O1/O139-NAG-Vc). Reports on implication of O1/O139-NAGVc members in most sporadic cholera/cholera-like cases of diarrhea, production of cholera toxin and transmission via consumption and/or contact with contaminated water/seafood are currently on the rise. Some reported sporadic cases of cholera outbreaks and observed change in nature has also been tracable to these non-agglutinable Vibrio members (O1/O139-NAGVc) yet there is a sustained paucity of research interest on the non-agglutinable V. cholerae members. The emergence of fulminating extraintestinal and systemic vibriosis is another aspect of SANAS-1/139- Vc implication which has received low attention in terms of research driven interest. This review addresses the need to appraise and continually expand research based studies on the somatic antigen non-serogroup agglutinable type-1/139 V.cholerae members which are currently prevalent in studies of water bodies, fruits/vegetables, foods and terrestrial environment. Our opinion is amassed from interest in integrated surveillance studies, management/control of cholera outbreaks as well as diarrhea and other disease-related cases both in the rural, suburban and urban metropolis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bright E Igere
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Western Delta University, Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria. .,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa. .,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsieh ML, Kiel N, Jenkins L, Ng WL, Knipling L, Waters C, Hinton D. The Vibrio cholerae master regulator for the activation of biofilm biogenesis genes, VpsR, senses both cyclic di-GMP and phosphate. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:4484-4499. [PMID: 35438787 PMCID: PMC9071405 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation/maintenance is controlled by myriad factors; chief among these are the regulator VpsR and cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP). VpsR has strong sequence similarity to enhancer binding proteins (EBPs) that activate RNA polymerase containing sigma factor σ54. However, we have previously shown that transcription from promoters within the biofilm biogenesis/maintenance pathways uses VpsR, c-di-GMP and RNA polymerase containing the primary sigma factor (σ70). Previous work suggested that phosphorylation of VpsR at a highly conserved aspartate, which is phosphorylated in other EBPs, might also contribute to activation. Using the biofilm biogenesis promoter PvpsL, we show that in the presence of c-di-GMP, either wild type or the phospho-mimic VpsR D59E activates PvpsL transcription, while the phospho-defective D59A variant does not. Furthermore, when c-di-GMP levels are low, acetyl phosphate (Ac∼P) is required for significant VpsR activity in vivo and in vitro. Although these findings argue that VpsR phosphorylation is needed for activation, we show that VpsR is not phosphorylated or acetylated by Ac∼P and either sodium phosphate or potassium phosphate, which are not phosphate donors, fully substitutes for Ac∼P. We conclude that VpsR is an unusual regulator that senses phosphate directly, rather than through phosphorylation, to aid in the decision to form/maintain biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lun Hsieh
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Niklas Kiel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lisa M Miller Jenkins
- Collaborative Protein Technology Resource, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wai-Leung Ng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Leslie Knipling
- Gene Expression and Regulation Section, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher M Waters
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Christopher M. Waters. Tel: +1 517 884 5360; Fax: +1 517 355 6463;
| | - Deborah M Hinton
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 301 496 9885; Fax: +1 301 402 0053;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hernández-Pérez A, Zamora-Briseño JA, Söderhäll K, Söderhäll I. Gut microbiome alterations in the crustacean Pacifastacus leniusculus exposed to environmental concentrations of antibiotics and effects on susceptibility to bacteria challenges. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104181. [PMID: 34175331 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gut-associated microbiota in crustaceans are recognized as a key element for maintaining homeostasis and health in the animal. Since the richness of these microbial communities is strongly influenced by the local environment, especially in aquatic organisms, it is important to address to what extent environmental variations can affect these communities. In the present study, we used high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology to study the composition of gut-associated microbiota of the crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus after exposure to environmentally-relevant concentrations of an antibiotic, namely sulfamethoxazole. Also, we examined if alterations of microbiota caused by environmentally-relevant concentrations of this antibiotic affected the host susceptibility to bacterial diseases, including Vibrio species. As a result, we found high individual variability of bacterial abundance and composition in the intestinal microbiome of crayfish, in both antibiotic-exposed and antibiotic-free crayfish. However, an increase of chitinolytic bacteria including Vibrio spp. was detected in some animals exposed to the antibiotic. Moreover, when crayfish susceptibility to bacterial infections was tested, the antibiotic-exposed crayfish survived longer than the control crayfish group. This study represents the first approach for investigating the interplay between crayfish and intestinal bacteria during antibiotic-pollution scenarios. Results herein should be considered by scientists before planning experiments under laboratory conditions, especially to study environmental effects on aquatic animals' intestinal health and immune status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadne Hernández-Pérez
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jesús Alejandro Zamora-Briseño
- Red de Manejo Biorracional de Plagas y Vectores, Clúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic®, Instituto de Ecología A.C. (INECOL), Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Kenneth Söderhäll
- SciLife Laboratory, Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Irene Söderhäll
- SciLife Laboratory, Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lattos A, Chaligiannis I, Papadopoulos D, Giantsis IA, Petridou EI, Vafeas G, Staikou A, Michaelidis B. How Safe to Eat Are Raw Bivalves? Host Pathogenic and Public Health Concern Microbes within Mussels, Oysters, and Clams in Greek Markets. Foods 2021; 10:2793. [PMID: 34829074 PMCID: PMC8623680 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Raw-bivalves consumption is a wide trend in Mediterranean countries. Despite the unambiguous nutritional value of seafood, raw consumption of bivalves may involve risks that could pose a significant threat to consumers' health. Their filter-feeding behavior is responsible for the potential hosting of a wide variety of microorganisms, either pathogenic for the bivalves or public health threats. Under this prism, the current study was conducted in an effort to evaluate the risk of eating raw bivalves originating from the two biggest seafood markets in Thessaloniki, the largest production area of bivalves in Greece. Both microbiological and molecular methodologies were applied in order to assess the presence of various harmful microbes, including noroviruses, Bonamia, Marteilia, Esherichia coli, Salmonella, and Vibrio. Results indicated the presence of several Vibrio strains in the analyzed samples, of which the halophilic Vibrio harveyi was verified by 16S rRNA sequencing; other than this, no enteropathogenic Vibrio spp. was detected. Furthermore, although Esherichia coli was detected in several samples, it was mostly below the European Union (EU) legislation thresholds. Interestingly, the non-target Photobacterium damselae was also detected, which is associated with both wound infections in human and aquatic animals. Regarding host pathogenic microorganisms, apart from Vibrio harveyi, the protozoan parasite Marteilia refrigens was identified in oysters, highlighting the continuous infection of this bivalve in Greece. In conclusion, bivalves can be generally characterized as a safe-to-eat raw food, hosting more bivalve pathogenic microbes than those of public health concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Lattos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.C.); (D.P.); (B.M.)
- Environmental Control and Research Laboratory, Region of Central Macedonia, 54625 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ilias Chaligiannis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.C.); (D.P.); (B.M.)
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Campus of Thermi, 57001 Thermi, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.C.); (D.P.); (B.M.)
- Environmental Control and Research Laboratory, Region of Central Macedonia, 54625 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis A. Giantsis
- Environmental Control and Research Laboratory, Region of Central Macedonia, 54625 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece
| | - Evanthia I. Petridou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - George Vafeas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Campus of Thermi, 57001 Thermi, Greece;
| | - Alexandra Staikou
- Environmental Control and Research Laboratory, Region of Central Macedonia, 54625 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (I.C.); (D.P.); (B.M.)
- Environmental Control and Research Laboratory, Region of Central Macedonia, 54625 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Vibrio vulnificus heavily depends on the temperature and salinity of the sea water. In the course of climate change an increase in cases of fatal sepsis caused by V. vulnificus at the German Baltic Sea coast could be detected. OBJECTIVE To generate awareness for a life-threatening infection with increasing incidence in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS This article presents an overview of the current state of the literature followed by an exemplary description of cases with V vulnificus sepsis caused by contact with water in the Baltic Sea, which were treated at the Medical University in Greifswald in summer 2018. RESULTS In the presence of risk factors, such as liver and kidney diseases, immunosuppression and male sex, there is a danger of severe sepsis if damaged skin comes into contact with contaminated sea water. A pronounced organ dysfunction can frequently be found on admission. In these cases the diagnosis must be made promptly and timely surgical cleansing and antibiotic treatment should be initiated (e.g. a combination of tetracyclines and third generation cephalosporins). CONCLUSION Sepsis due to V. vulnificus will probably increase over the coming years. Because there is a latency in some cases between infection and onset of sepsis, physicians beyond the coastal region must also be informed about this disease.
Collapse
|
8
|
Collin B, Hernroth B. Experimental evaluation of survival of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in fertilized cold-water sediment. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:75-84. [PMID: 32086873 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This experimental study focuses on survival and consistence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in cold-water sediments and how increasing temperature and nutritional availability can affect growth. METHODS AND RESULTS A pathogenic strain of V. parahaemolyticus was inoculated in seawater microcosms containing bottom sediment. Gradually, during 14 days, the temperature was upregulated from 8 to 21°C. Culturable V. parahaemolyticus was only found in the sediment but declined over time and did not recover even after another 2 days at 37°C. Numbers of culturable bacteria matched the amount found by q-PCR indicating that they did not enter a dormant state, contrary to those in the water layer. After adding decaying phytoplankton as fertilizer to the microcosms of 8 and 21°C for 7 and 14 days, the culturability of the bacteria increased significantly in the sediments at both temperatures and durations of exposure. CONCLUSION The study showed that V. parahaemolyticus can stay viable in cold-water sediment and growth was stimulated by fertilizers rather than by temperature. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a common cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis and is today recognized in connection to increasing ocean temperature. The results indicate that this pathogen should be considered a risk in well-fertilized environments, such as aquacultures, even during cold periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Collin
- Department of Natural Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - B Hernroth
- Department of Natural Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.,The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Rincé A, Balière C, Hervio-Heath D, Cozien J, Lozach S, Parnaudeau S, Le Guyader FS, Le Hello S, Giard JC, Sauvageot N, Benachour A, Strubbia S, Gourmelon M. Occurrence of Bacterial Pathogens and Human Noroviruses in Shellfish-Harvesting Areas and Their Catchments in France. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2443. [PMID: 30364306 PMCID: PMC6193098 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
During a 2-year study, the presence of human pathogenic bacteria and noroviruses was investigated in shellfish, seawater and/or surface sediments collected from three French coastal shellfish-harvesting areas as well as in freshwaters from the corresponding upstream catchments. Bacteria isolated from these samples were further analyzed. Escherichia coli isolates classified into the phylogenetic groups B2, or D and enterococci from Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium species were tested for the presence of virulence genes and for antimicrobial susceptibility. Salmonella members were serotyped and the most abundant serovars (Typhimurium and its monophasic variants and Mbandaka) were genetically characterized by high discriminative subtyping methods. Campylobacter and Vibrio were identified at the species level, and haemolysin-producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus were searched by tdh- and trh- gene detection. Main results showed a low prevalence of Salmonella in shellfish samples where only members of S. Mbandaka were found. Campylobacter were more frequently isolated than Salmonella and a different distribution of Campylobacter species was observed in shellfish compared to rivers, strongly suggesting possible additional inputs of bacteria. Statistical associations between enteric bacteria, human noroviruses (HuNoVs) and concentration of fecal indicator bacteria revealed that the presence of Salmonella was correlated with that of Campylobacter jejuni and/or C. coli as well as to E. coli concentration. A positive correlation was also found between the presence of C. lari and the detection of HuNoVs. This study highlights the importance of simultaneous detection and characterization of enteric and marine pathogenic bacteria and human noroviruses not only in shellfish but also in catchment waters for a hazard assessment associated with microbial contamination of shellfish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Rincé
- UNICAEN, U2RM, Normandie Université, Caen, France
| | - Charlotte Balière
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| | - Dominique Hervio-Heath
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| | - Joëlle Cozien
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| | - Solen Lozach
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| | - Sylvain Parnaudeau
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| | | | - Simon Le Hello
- Unité des Bactéries Pathogènes Entériques, Institut Pasteur,Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Sofia Strubbia
- Unité des Bactéries Pathogènes Entériques, Institut Pasteur,Paris, France
| | - Michèle Gourmelon
- RBE-SG2M-LSEM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Burks DJ, Norris S, Kauffman KM, Joy A, Arevalo P, Azad RK, Wildschutte H. Environmental vibrios represent a source of antagonistic compounds that inhibit pathogenic Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains. Microbiologyopen 2017; 6:e00504. [PMID: 28857444 PMCID: PMC5635165 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the overuse of antibiotics, many pathogens including Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus have evolved multidrug resistance making treatment more difficult. While understanding the mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis is crucial, knowledge of bacterial interactions of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus could provide insight to their susceptibility outside of the human host. Based on previous work showing competition among environmental strains, we predict that marine-derived bacteria should inhibit Vibrio pathogens and may be a source of unique antibiotic compounds. We tested a collection of 3,456 environmental Vibrio isolates from diverse habitats against a panel of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus, and identified 102 strains that inhibited the growth of these pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 40 pathogen-inhibiting strains were unique at the hsp60 gene sequence while 62 of the isolates were identical suggesting clonal groups. Genomic comparisons of ten strains revealed diversity even between clonal isolates and were identified as being closely related to known Vibrio crassostreae, Vibrio splendidus, and Vibrio tasmaniensis strains. Further analysis revealed multiple biosynthetic gene clusters within all sequenced genomes that encoded secondary metabolites with potential antagonistic activity. Thus, environmental vibrios represent a source of compounds that inhibit Vibrio pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Burks
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexas
| | - Stephen Norris
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhio
| | - Kathryn M. Kauffman
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Abigail Joy
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhio
| | - Philip Arevalo
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts
| | - Rajeev K. Azad
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North TexasDentonTexas
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of North TexasDentonTexas
| | - Hans Wildschutte
- Department of Biological SciencesBowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhio
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Baron S, Larvor E, Chevalier S, Jouy E, Kempf I, Granier SA, Lesne J. Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Urban Wastewater and Wild Shellfish Isolates of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae from La Rance Estuary (Brittany, France). Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1637. [PMID: 28955305 PMCID: PMC5601046 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The early 2000s marked the end of the Golden age of the antibiotics and the beginning of the awareness on the potential threat to human health due to the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. As a base-line study, we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 99 strains of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae isolated from wastewater and shellfish in 2000/2001 within La Rance estuary (Brittany, France). All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, imipenem, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin. The only resistances were to streptomycin, sulfonamides and ampicillin: 54.6% of the isolates had acquired resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent among them and only six isolates from cockles were multidrug resistant. On the basis of the distribution of a limited selection of resistance associated genes, our study shows that V. cholerae can constitute an environmental reservoir for these genes. However, none of our isolates harbored integron. This result casts doubt on the capacity of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae to acquire resistance-associated genes in such context, and on its potential role of indicator of the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in the aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Baron
- Mycoplasmology-Bacteriology Unit, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses)Ploufragan, France.,Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France
| | - Emeline Larvor
- Mycoplasmology-Bacteriology Unit, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses)Ploufragan, France.,Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France
| | - Séverine Chevalier
- Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France.,Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Environnement et Santé, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail, UMR 1085Rennes, France
| | - Eric Jouy
- Mycoplasmology-Bacteriology Unit, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses)Ploufragan, France.,Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France
| | - Isabelle Kempf
- Mycoplasmology-Bacteriology Unit, Ploufragan-Plouzané Laboratory, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses)Ploufragan, France.,Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France
| | - Sophie A Granier
- Laboratory for Food Safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (Anses), Paris-Est UniversityMaisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jean Lesne
- Bretagne-Loire UniversityRennes, France.,Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Environnement et Santé, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail, UMR 1085Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ciacci C, Manti A, Canonico B, Campana R, Camisassi G, Baffone W, Canesi L. Responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes to environmental strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 65:80-87. [PMID: 28390964 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Marine bivalves are exposed to different types of bacteria in the surrounding waters, in particular of the Vibrio genus. In the hemocytes of the mussel Mytilus spp. immune responses to different vibrios have been largely characterized. However, little information is available on the hemocyte responses to human pathogenic vibrios commonly detected in coastal waters and bivalve tissues that are involved in seafood-borne diseases. In this work, functional parameters of the hemocytes from the Mediterranean mussel M. galloprovincialis were evaluated in response to in vitro challenge with different vibrios isolated from environmental samples of the Adriatic sea (Italy): V. parahaemolyticus Conero, V. alginolyticus 1513 and V. vulnificus 509. V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 43996 was used for comparison. At the 50:1 bacteria hemocyte ratio, only V. parahaemolyticus strains induced significant lysosomal membrane destabilisation. Stimulation of extracellular lysozyme release, total ROS, O2- and NO production were observed, although to different extents and with distinct time courses for different vibrios, V. vulnificus 509 in particular. Further comparisons between V. parahaemolyticus Conero and V. vulnificus 509 showed that only the latter induced dysregulation of the phosphorylation state of p38 MAP Kinase and apoptotic processes. The results indicate that mussel hemocytes can mount an efficient immune response towards V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus strains, whereas V. vulnificus 509 may affect the hemocyte function. This is the first report on immune responses of mussels to local environmental isolates of human pathogenic vibrios. These data reinforce the hypothesis that Mytilus hemocytes show specific responses to different vibrio species and strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ciacci
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - A Manti
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - B Canonico
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - R Campana
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - G Camisassi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Italy
| | - W Baffone
- Department of Biomolecular Science (DISB), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - L Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ghenem L, Elhadi N, Alzahrani F, Nishibuchi M. Vibrio Parahaemolyticus: A Review on Distribution, Pathogenesis, Virulence Determinants and Epidemiology. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 5:93-103. [PMID: 30787765 PMCID: PMC6298368 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_30_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative, halophilic bacterium isolated from marine environments globally. After the consumption of contaminated seafood, V. parahaemolyticus causes acute gastroenteritis. To initiate infection, a wide range of virulence factors are required. A complex group of genes is known to participate in the pathogenicity of V. parahaemolyticus; however, to understand the full mechanism of infection, extensive research is yet required. V. parahaemolyticus has become the leading cause of seafood-related gastroenteritis in Japan, the United States and several other parts of the world. In addition, outbreaks caused by the pandemic clone of this organism are escalating and spreading universally. To minimize the risk of V. parahaemolyticus infection and warrant the safety of seafood, collaboration between governments and scientists is required. We herein provide an updated review of the pathogenicity determinants and distribution of V. parahaemolyticus to deliver a better understanding of the significance of V. parahaemolyticus and its host-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Ghenem
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, 31441 Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreldin Elhadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, 31441 Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, 31441 Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitsuaki Nishibuchi
- Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, 46 Shomoadachi-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
R. N, A. N, Kuan C, New C, Mingkwan Y, Nakaguchi Y, Nishibuchi M, R. S. Isolation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Vibrio cholerae isolated from catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). FOOD RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.1.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
16
|
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Marine Vibrio cholerae Strains Isolated from the South Coast of Sweden. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/5/e01118-16. [PMID: 27789632 PMCID: PMC5084856 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01118-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 are commonly associated with diarrhea, while non-O1-O139 strains may cause wound infections. Here, we present the genome sequences of two V. cholerae strains isolated from blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected in coastal waters of southern Sweden.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kirstein IV, Kirmizi S, Wichels A, Garin-Fernandez A, Erler R, Löder M, Gerdts G. Dangerous hitchhikers? Evidence for potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. on microplastic particles. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 120:1-8. [PMID: 27411093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The taxonomic composition of biofilms on marine microplastics is widely unknown. Recent sequencing results indicate that potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. might be present on floating microplastics. Hence, these particles might function as vectors for the dispersal of pathogens. Microplastics and water samples collected in the North and Baltic Sea were subjected to selective enrichment for pathogenic Vibrio species. Bacterial colonies were isolated from CHROMagar™Vibrio and assigned to Vibrio spp. on the species level by MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation - Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry). Respective polymers were identified by ATR FT-IR (Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform - Infrared Spectroscopy). We discovered potentially pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus on a number of microplastic particles, e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene from North/Baltic Sea. This study confirms the indicated occurrence of potentially pathogenic bacteria on marine microplastics and highlights the urgent need for detailed biogeographical analyses of marine microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga V Kirstein
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany.
| | - Sidika Kirmizi
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Antje Wichels
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Ale Garin-Fernandez
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Rene Erler
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Martin Löder
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany; Animal Ecology I, University of Bayreuth, NWI 5.0.01.43.1, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gunnar Gerdts
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biological Station Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shanan S, Bayoumi M, Saeed A, Sandström G, Abd H. Swedish isolates of Vibrio cholerae enhance their survival when interacted intracellularly with Acanthamoeba castellanii. Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2016; 6:31060. [PMID: 27118300 PMCID: PMC4846789 DOI: 10.3402/iee.v6.31060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterium that occurs naturally in aquatic environment. Only V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 produce cholera toxin and cause cholera, other serogroups can cause gastroenteritis, open wounds infection, and septicaemia. V. cholerae O1 and V. cholerae O139 grow and survive inside Acanthamoeba castellanii. The aim of this study is to investigate the interactions of the Swedish clinical isolates V. cholerae O3, V. cholerae O4, V. cholerae O5, V. cholerae O11, and V. cholerae O160 with A. castellanii. The interaction between A. castellanii and V. cholerae strains was studied by means of amoeba cell counts, viable counts of the bacteria in the absence or presence of amoebae, and of the intracellularly growing bacteria, visualised by electron microscopy. These results show that all V. cholerae can grow and survive outside and inside the amoebae, disclosing that V. cholerae O3, V. cholerae O4, V. cholerae O5, V. cholerae O11, and V. cholerae O160 all can be considered as facultative intracellular bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salah Shanan
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan;
| | - Magdi Bayoumi
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amir Saeed
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Sandström
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hadi Abd
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maraki S, Christidou A, Anastasaki M, Scoulica E. Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremic skin and soft tissue infections. Infect Dis (Lond) 2015; 48:171-6. [PMID: 26503346 DOI: 10.3109/23744235.2015.1104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can cause sporadic cases of gastroenteritis and extra-intestinal invasive infections, following exposure to contaminated seawater or freshwater or after consumption of raw seafood. Bacteremic infections with skin and soft tissue manifestations are uncommon and in most cases are associated with liver cirrhosis, haematologic malignancies, diabetes mellitus and other immunosuppressed conditions. METHODS The medical literature was reviewed and we found 47 published cases of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremic skin and soft tissue infections. A fatal case of bacteremia with bullous cellulitis in a 43-year-old patient with liver cirrhosis is described, which is the first reported in Greece. RESULTS From January 1974 to May 2015, a total of 48 patients with non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia with skin and soft tissue infections were reported. Males predominated. Liver cirrhosis, chronic liver disease and alcohol abuse were common comorbidities. The soft tissue lesions most commonly described were localised cellulitis, with or without bullous and haemorrhagic lesions (66.7%), while necrotising fasciitis was more rare (29.2%). Of the 48 patients with non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae bacteremic skin and soft tissue infections, 20 (41.7%) died despite treatment. CONCLUSION Although rarely encountered, non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae should be included in the differential diagnosis of bacteremic skin and soft tissue infections in patients with underlying illnesses and epidemiologic risk factors. Timely and appropriate antibiotic and surgical treatments are important in the management of the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Maraki
- a Department of Clinical Microbiology , Parasitology, Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine
| | - Athanasia Christidou
- a Department of Clinical Microbiology , Parasitology, Zoonoses and Geographical Medicine
| | - Maria Anastasaki
- b Intensive Care Medicine Department , University Hospital of Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| | - Efstathia Scoulica
- c Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Molecular Microbiology , School of Medicine, University of Crete , Heraklion , Crete , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tey YH, Jong KJ, Fen SY, Wong HC. Occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, and Vibrio vulnificus in the Aquacultural Environments of Taiwan. J Food Prot 2015; 78:969-76. [PMID: 25951392 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, and Vibrio cholerae in a total of 72 samples from six aquaculture ponds for groupers, milk fish, and tilapia in southern Taiwan was examined by the membrane filtration and colony hybridization method. The halophilic V. parahaemolyticus was only recovered in seawater ponds, with a high isolation frequency of 86.1% and a mean density of 2.6 log CFU/g. V. cholerae was found in both the seawater and freshwater ponds but preferentially in freshwater ponds, with a frequency of 72.2% and a mean density of 1.65 log CFU/g. V. vulnificus was identified mainly in seawater ponds, with an isolation frequency of 27.8%. The density of V. parahaemolyticus in seawater ponds was positively related to water temperature (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.555) and negatively related to salinity (r = 2 0.333). The density of V. cholerae in all six ponds was positively related to water temperature (r = 0.342) and negatively related to salinity (r = 2 0.432). Two putatively pathogenic tdh(+) V. parahaemolyticus isolates (1.4% of the samples) and no ctx(+) V. cholerae isolates were identified. The experimental results may facilitate assessments of the risk posed by these pathogenic Vibrio species in Taiwan, where aquaculture provides a large part of the seafood supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Hsien Tey
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan 111, Republic of China
| | - Koa-Jen Jong
- Department of Biological Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan 600, Republic of China
| | - Shin-Yuan Fen
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan 111, Republic of China
| | - Hin-Chung Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan 111, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Robert-Pillot A, Copin S, Himber C, Gay M, Quilici ML. Occurrence of the three major Vibrio species pathogenic for human in seafood products consumed in France using real-time PCR. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 189:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
22
|
Lutz C, Erken M, Noorian P, Sun S, McDougald D. Environmental reservoirs and mechanisms of persistence of Vibrio cholerae. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:375. [PMID: 24379807 PMCID: PMC3863721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well accepted that Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the water-borne disease cholera, is acquired from environmental sources where it persists between outbreaks of the disease. Recent advances in molecular technology have demonstrated that this bacterium can be detected in areas where it has not previously been isolated, indicating a much broader, global distribution of this bacterium outside of endemic regions. The environmental persistence of V. cholerae in the aquatic environment can be attributed to multiple intra- and interspecific strategies such as responsive gene regulation and biofilm formation on biotic and abiotic surfaces, as well as interactions with a multitude of other organisms. This review will discuss some of the mechanisms that enable the persistence of this bacterium in the environment. In particular, we will discuss how V. cholerae can survive stressors such as starvation, temperature, and salinity fluctuations as well as how the organism persists under constant predation by heterotrophic protists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lutz
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Martina Erken
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Parisa Noorian
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shuyang Sun
- The Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Diane McDougald
- Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dobbs FC, Goodrich AL, Thomson FK, Hynes W. Pandemic serotypes of Vibrio cholerae isolated from ships' ballast tanks and coastal waters: assessment of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes (tcpA and ctxA). MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2013; 65:969-974. [PMID: 23361528 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
There is concern that ships' ballasting operations may disseminate Vibrio cholerae to ports throughout the world. Given evidence that the bacterium is indeed transported by ships, we isolated pandemic serotypes O1 and O139 from ballast tanks and characterized them with respect to antibiotic resistance and virulence genes ctxA and tcpA. We carried out concurrent studies with V. cholerae isolated from coastal waters. Of 284 isolates, 30 were serotype O1 and 59 were serotype O139. These serotypes were overrepresented in ballast tanks relative to the coastal waters sampled. All locations, whether coastal waters or ballast tanks, yielded samples from which serotype O1, O139, or both were isolated. There were three groups among the 62 isolates for which antibiotic characterization was conclusive: those exhibiting β-lactamase activity and resistance to at least one of the 12 antibiotics tested; those negative for β-lactamase but having antibiotic resistance; those negative for β-lactamase and registering no antibiotic resistance. When present, antibiotic resistance in nearly all cases was to ampicillin; resistance to multiple antibiotics was uncommon. PCR assays revealed that none of the isolates contained the ctxA gene and only two isolates, one O139 and one O1, contained the tcpA gene; both isolates originated from ballast water. These results support the bacteriological regulations proposed by the International Maritime Association for discharged ballast water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fred C Dobbs
- Department of Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Böer SI, Heinemeyer EA, Luden K, Erler R, Gerdts G, Janssen F, Brennholt N. Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. at recreational beaches of the German north sea. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2013; 65:1052-67. [PMID: 23563708 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The number of reported Vibrio-related wound infections associated with recreational bathing in Northern Europe has increased within the last decades. In order to study the health risk from potentially pathogenic Vibrio spp. in the central Wadden Sea, the seasonal and spatial distribution of Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio cholerae were investigated at ten recreational beaches in this area over a 2-year period. V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were found to be omnipresent all year round in the study area, while V. vulnificus occurrence was restricted to summer months in the estuaries of the rivers Ems and Weser. Multiple linear regression models revealed that water temperature is the most important determinant of Vibrio spp. occurrence in the area. Differentiated regression models showed a species-specific response to water temperature and revealed a particularly strong effect of even minor temperature increases on the probability of detecting V. vulnificus in summer. In sediments, Vibrio spp. concentrations were up to three orders of magnitude higher than in water. Also, V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were found to be less susceptible towards winter temperatures in the benthic environment than in the water, indicating an important role of sediments for Vibrio ecology. While only a very small percentage of tested V. parahaemolyticus proved to be potentially pathogenic, the presence of V. vulnificus during the summer months should be regarded with care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone I Böer
- Department G3-Bio-Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Quantitative microbial risk assessment of pathogenic vibrios in marine recreational waters of southern california. Appl Environ Microbiol 2012; 79:294-302. [PMID: 23104412 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02674-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of three types of vibrios in Southern California recreational beach waters during the peak marine bathing season in 2007. Over 160 water samples were concentrated and enriched for the detection of vibrios. Four sets of PCR primers, specific for Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus species and the V. parahaemolyticus toxin gene, respectively, were used for the amplification of bacterial genomic DNA. Of 66 samples from Doheny State Beach, CA, 40.1% were positive for V. cholerae and 27.3% were positive for V. parahaemolyticus, and 1 sample (1.5%) was positive for the V. parahaemolyticus toxin gene. Of the 96 samples from Avalon Harbor, CA, 18.7% were positive for V. cholerae, 69.8% were positive for V. parahaemolyticus, and 5.2% were positive for the V. parahaemolyticus toxin gene. The detection of the V. cholerae genetic marker was significantly more frequent at Doheny State Beach, while the detection of the V. parahaemolyticus genetic marker was significantly more frequent at Avalon Harbor. A probability-of-illness model for V. parahaemolyticus was applied to the data. The risk for bathers exposed to recreational waters at two beaches was evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The results suggest that the microbial risk from vibrios during beach recreation was below the illness benchmark set by the U.S. EPA. However, the risk varied with location and the type of water recreation activities. Surfers and children were exposed to a higher risk of vibrio diseases. Microbial risk assessment can serve as a useful tool for the management of risk related to opportunistic marine pathogens.
Collapse
|
26
|
Collin B, Rehnstam-Holm AS, Ehn Börjesson SM, Mussagy A, Hernroth B. Characteristics of potentially pathogenic vibrios from subtropical Mozambique compared with isolates from tropical India and boreal Sweden. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 83:255-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Collin
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tall A, Teillon A, Boisset C, Delesmont R, Touron-Bodilis A, Hervio-Heath D. Real-time PCR optimization to identify environmental Vibrio spp. strains. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:361-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Tall
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie-LNR; Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement; Unité Environnement Microbiologie et Phycotoxines; Ifremer, Centre de Brest; ZI de la Pointe du Diable; Plouzané; France
| | - A. Teillon
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie-LNR; Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement; Unité Environnement Microbiologie et Phycotoxines; Ifremer, Centre de Brest; ZI de la Pointe du Diable; Plouzané; France
| | - C. Boisset
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies et Molécules Marines; Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement; Ifremer, Centre de Brest; ZI de la Pointe du Diable; Plouzané; France
| | - R. Delesmont
- Eurofins IPL Nord; Route du Grand Colombier; Gravelines; France
| | - A. Touron-Bodilis
- Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement; EDF R&D; Chatou Cedex; France
| | - D. Hervio-Heath
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie-LNR; Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement; Unité Environnement Microbiologie et Phycotoxines; Ifremer, Centre de Brest; ZI de la Pointe du Diable; Plouzané; France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gardès J, Croce O, Christen R. In silico analyses of primers used to detect the pathogenicity genes of Vibrio cholerae. Microbes Environ 2012; 27:250-6. [PMID: 22673304 PMCID: PMC4036039 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me11317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, most of the virulence genes are located in two pathogenicity islands, named TCP (Toxin-Co-regulated Pilus) and CTX (Cholera ToXins). For each V. cholerae pathogenicity gene, we retrieved every primer published since 1990 and every known allele in order to perform a complete in silico survey and assess the quality of the PCR primers used for amplification of these genes. Primers with a melting temperature in the range 55–60°C against any target sequence were considered valid. Our survey clearly revealed that two thirds of the published primers are not able to properly detect every genetic variant of the target genes. Moreover, the quality of primers did not improve with time. Their lifetime, i.e. the number of times they were cited in the literature, is also not a factor allowing the selection of valid primers. We were able to improve some primers or design new primers for the few cases where no valid primer was found. In conclusion, many published primers should be avoided or improved for use in molecular detection tests, in order to improve and perfect specificity and coverage. This study suggests that bioinformatic analyses are important to validate the choice of primers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gardès
- Centre de Biochimie, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Parc Valrose, F 06108 Nice, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|