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Ramot Y, Rosenberg V, Zhou L, Harbers S. Epidemiology and Treatment Patterns of Patients with Vitiligo: A Real-World Analysis. Adv Ther 2024; 41:2890-2906. [PMID: 38802636 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02875-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitiligo, a chronic autoimmune skin depigmentation disease with an unpredictable course, has been associated with several comorbid autoimmune and psychological conditions. Our current understanding of vitiligo burden and management in the real world is limited. This real-world analysis presents data on vitiligo epidemiology, comorbidities, and treatment of patients in Israel. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed data from the Maccabi Health Services database. Prevalent patients with vitiligo in 2021 were matched to patients in the general population on the basis of age group, gender, and socioeconomic status. Patient demographics, vitiligo incidence and prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment patterns are reported. Data are presented as percentages, mean, median, P values, and standard mean differences (SMD). RESULTS In this analysis, 11,412 patients with vitiligo were matched to patients from the general population. Incidence and prevalence rates increased over time from 2005 to 2021. Compared to the general population, patients with vitiligo were more likely to have an immune-mediated comorbidity (29.7% vs 18.4% [P < 0.001; SMD 0.27]) or psychological comorbidity (18.7% vs 15.9% [P < 0.001; SMD 0.07]). Comorbidities included atopic dermatitis (patients with vitiligo vs general population 12.5% vs 8.4%), psoriasis (5.8% vs 3.6%), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (2.9% vs 1.1%), alopecia areata (2.2% vs 0.9%), depression (10.8% vs 9.5%), and sleep disorder/insomnia (5.9% vs 4.4%). Only 74.8% of all patients with vitiligo had ever received treatment, with topical corticosteroids (51.5%) and calcineurin inhibitors (36.5%) most commonly prescribed. At the end of 2021, 83.7% of patients were untreated. CONCLUSION Patients with vitiligo are more likely to have various immune-related and psychological comorbidities, highlighting the significant impact of the condition on well-being. Nearly a quarter of patients had never received treatment, with many receiving only topical treatments, and medication persistence was low. This highlights the lack of adequate treatment in this population and the need for more effective management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Ramot
- The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vered Rosenberg
- Kahn-Sagol-Maccabi Research and Innovation Institute, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Pranić S, Pulumati A, Vuković D. Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on Janus kinase inhibitors in the management of vitiligo. Syst Rev 2024; 13:110. [PMID: 38641831 PMCID: PMC11027385 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a disease that affects people of all skin shades and can impact their quality of life. Reliable evidence on the effectiveness and adverse events associated with the recent use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors to treat vitiligo is needed. This protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to collect evidence from both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to determine the effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes concerning treatment with JAK inhibitors. METHODS We will conduct a systematic review of the literature for RCTs and observational studies that used upadacitinib, ritlecitinib, brepocitinib, ifidancitinib, cerdulatinib, deglocitinib, baricitinib, tofacitinib, and ruxolitinib JAK inhibitors as treatments for vitiligo compared to placebo, no treatment, or combination therapies. We will systematically search from inception in Epistemonikos, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, PsycINFO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science Core Collection, relevant preprint servers, and the gray literature. Ethics approval was not sought as the protocol and systematic review will not involve human participants, but rather summarized and anonymous data from studies. Primary outcomes include quality of life, percentage repigmentation, decreased vitiligo within 1 year or more, lasting repigmentation after a 2-year follow-up, cosmetic acceptability of repigmentation and tolerability or burden of treatment, and adverse events. Secondary outcomes are patient and study characteristics. We will include full-text articles, preprints, and clinical trial data in any language and all geographic regions. For data sources unavailable in English, we will obtain translations from global collaborators via the Cochrane Engage network. We will exclude articles for which sufficient information cannot be obtained from the authors of articles and systematic reviews. At least two investigators will independently assess articles for inclusion and extract data; reliability will be assessed before subsequent selection and data extraction of remaining studies. The risk of bias and certainty of evidence with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines will be assessed independently by at least two investigators. We will estimate treatment effects by random-effects meta-analyses and assess heterogeneity using I2. Data that cannot be included in the meta-analysis will be reported narratively using themes. DISCUSSION The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis describe the methods for summarizing and synthesizing the evidence on the effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes concerning the treatment of vitiligo with JAK inhibitors that were recently approved for this indication. To disseminate further the results of our systematic review, we plan to present them at international conferences and meetings. Our findings will provide robust evidence to facilitate decision-making at the policy or practitioner level. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023383920.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Pranić
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
- Cochrane Croatia, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Anika Pulumati
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Dubravka Vuković
- University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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Sain N, Hooda V, Singh A, Gupta S, Arava S, Sharma A. Macrophage inhibitory factor alters the functionality of macrophages and their involvement in disease pathogenesis of active generalized vitiligo patients. Cytokine 2024; 176:156516. [PMID: 38340551 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In autoimmune dermatitis patients, a macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is widely used to determine the severity of the diseases with other clinical parameters. Moreover, in vitiligo, MIF has shown significant positive correlation with the VASI (Vitiligo Area Scoring Index) score of both generalized and localized vitiligo patients. MIF function as pro-inflammatory cytokine and inhibited random migration of macrophages from inflammation loci. Hence, activated macrophage infiltrates promote the diseases pathogenesis. Till date, macrophages and involvement of their secreted MIF in disease severity of vitiligo patients remains undetermined. MATERIAL AND METHOD The frequency of both M1 and M2 macrophages was evaluated in active GV patients (n = 20) using flow cytometry in blood and in tissues by confocal microscopy (n = 10). Relative m-RNA expression and cytokine profiling of pro and anti-inflammatory mediators were estimated in PBMCs and in serum of patients. Lastly, concentration of nitric oxide and phagocytic activity from macrophages of active patients were calculated to understand the diseases pathology in detail. RESULT Both in circulation as well as in tissues, the infiltration of M1 macrophages was increased in active GV patients, while the percentage of M2 macrophages was comparable to healthy tissues. Aberrant expression of pro and anti-inflammatory molecules including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-12 and MIF impair the cellular hemostasis and induce systematic inflammation. Elevated nitric oxide and higher phagocytic activity of macrophages enhanced the destruction and/or depigmentation of melanocytes causing vitiligo. CONCLUSION Elevated macrophages in both tissue and blood enhanced the secretion of MIF and other inflammatory mediators that further enforce the production of nitric oxide, activation and phagocytic activity of macrophages against melanocytes and melanocytes antigens. As a result, destruction of melanocytes and melanin production occurred and caused the depigmentation and/or white macules on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sain
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishakha Hooda
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashu Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alpana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Ezzedine K, Soliman AM, Li C, Camp HS, Pandya AG. Comorbidity Burden Among Patients with Vitiligo in the United States: A Large-Scale Retrospective Claims Database Analysis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2023; 13:2265-2277. [PMID: 37668899 PMCID: PMC10539259 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-023-01001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitiligo is often associated with comorbid conditions that may increase economic burden and affect patients' health-related quality of life. No large-scale study has been published to date using claims databases to evaluate the burden of comorbidities among patients with vitiligo. Herein, we evaluate the comorbidity burden among patients diagnosed with vitiligo from the US. METHODS This retrospective cohort analysis used the Merative MarketScan Commercial Database. Eligible patients were diagnosed with vitiligo between January 2008 and December 2020 and matched 1:4 (vitiligo:control) with control subjects with no diagnosis of vitiligo between January 2007 and December 2021. Study outcomes were the incidence of comorbidities after matching, adjusted hazard ratios of comorbidity incidence among patients with vitiligo relative to matched control subjects, and time to comorbidity diagnosis or incidence. RESULTS Baseline demographics were well balanced between matched vitiligo (n = 13,687) and control cohorts (n = 54,748). Incidence rates of comorbidities were higher among patients compared with control subjects (psychiatric, 28.4% vs 22.8%; autoimmune, 13.4% vs 5.1%; and non-autoimmune, 10.0% vs 7.0%). The most common psychiatric and autoimmune comorbidities in patients with vitiligo compared with control subjects included anxiety (14.3% vs 11.0%, respectively), sleep disturbance (9.1% vs 7.1%), depression (8.0% vs 6.3%), atopic dermatitis (3.1% vs 1.1%), psoriasis (2.7% vs 0.6%), and linear morphea (1.5% vs 0.1%). The risk of developing any psychiatric (hazard ratio 1.31; P < 0.01), autoimmune (hazard ratio 2.77; P < 0.01), or non-autoimmune (hazard ratio 1.45; P < 0.01) comorbidity was significantly higher among patients with vitiligo. Time to diagnosis of most vitiligo comorbidities was 1-3 years, although linear morphea was diagnosed at < 1 year. CONCLUSION Results of this retrospective analysis demonstrated that patients were much more likely to be diagnosed with autoimmune or psychiatric comorbidities following a vitiligo diagnosis, which likely contributed to increased economic burden and lower quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ezzedine
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, UPEC, 51 Avenue de Lattre de Tassignv, 94000, Créteil, France.
- EA 7379 EpiDermE, Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France.
| | | | - Chao Li
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Amit G Pandya
- Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Husain N, Uddin Q, Kazmi MH, Khalid M. A non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial comparing Unani formulations and PUVAsol in non-segmental vitiligo. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:250-257. [PMID: 34162019 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Greco-Arab medicine is an ancient system of medicine with greater treasure on therapeutics of vitiligo. The trial Unani formulations have not been scientifically explored for their safety and efficacy, but have been repeatedly prescribed by the great Unani physicians in the management of Baraṣ (vitiligo). Hence, these interventions were selected for the trial. METHODS In this randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial, 82 participants with non-segmental vitiligo aged 18-40 years were block randomized to either receive Unani interventions or control for 16 weeks. Out of 82 participants, 42 were randomized to the Unani group and 40 were randomized to the control group. The primary outcome measure was change in vitiligo area scoring index (VASI), which was assessed on weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16. The secondary outcome measures included the patient's global assessment on VAS and investigator's global assessment based on photographic evaluation at baseline and after the treatment. Safety parameters included hemogram, LFTs, RFTs, CXR, ECG, urine, and stool examinations, which were evaluated at baseline and after the treatment. RESULTS The per-protocol analysis was done on 30 participants in each group and the response in Unani group was not inferior to those receiving control group. The mean ± SD of vitiligo area scoring index (VASI) decreased from 4.09 ± 2.87 and 5.50 ± 5.73 at baseline to 3.13 ± 2.20 and 4.29 ± 4.95 at the end of the trial in both the Unani and control groups respectively. CONCLUSIONS The study inferred that both the interventions are equally effective and well-tolerated in patients with non-segmental vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Husain
- Department of Moalajat, Luqman Unani Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
| | - Qamar Uddin
- National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Mohd Khalid
- Department of Moalajat, Luqman Unani Medical College Hospital & Research Center, Bijapur, Karnataka, India
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Epigenetic Dysregulation in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:447-471. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08956-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kovacs D, Bastonini E, Briganti S, Ottaviani M, D’Arino A, Truglio M, Sciuto L, Zaccarini M, Pacifico A, Cota C, Iacovelli P, Picardo M. Altered epidermal proliferation, differentiation, and lipid composition: Novel key elements in the vitiligo puzzle. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9299. [PMID: 36054352 PMCID: PMC10848961 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired skin depigmentation disease involving multiple pathogenetic mechanisms, which ultimately direct cytotoxic CD8+ cells to destroy melanocytes. Abnormalities have been described in several cells even in pigmented skin as an expression of a functional inherited defect. Keratinocytes regulate skin homeostasis by the assembly of a proper skin barrier and releasing and responding to cytokines and growth factors. Alterations in epidermal proliferation, differentiation, and lipid composition as triggers for immune response activation in vitiligo have not yet been investigated. By applying cellular and lipidomic approaches, we revealed a deregulated keratinocyte differentiation with altered lipid composition, associated with impaired energy metabolism and increased glycolytic enzyme expression. Vitiligo keratinocytes secreted inflammatory mediators, which further increased following mild mechanical stress, thus evidencing immune activation. These findings identify intrinsic alterations of the nonlesional epidermis, which can be the prime instigator of the local inflammatory milieu that stimulates immune responses targeting melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kovacs
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bastonini
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Briganti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ottaviani
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea D’Arino
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Truglio
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sciuto
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Zaccarini
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Pacifico
- Clinical Dermatology, Phototherapy Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Cota
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Iacovelli
- Clinical Dermatology, Phototherapy Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Dwivedi M, Laddha NC, Begum R. The Immunogenetics of Vitiligo: An Approach Toward Revealing the Secret of Depigmentation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1367:61-103. [PMID: 35286692 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92616-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a hypomelanotic skin disease and considered to be of autoimmune origin due to breaching of immunological self-tolerance, resulting in inappropriate immune responses against melanocytes. The development of vitiligo includes a strong heritable component. Different strategies ranging from linkage studies to genome-wide association studies are used to explore the genetic factors responsible for the disease. Several vitiligo loci containing the respective genes have been identified which contribute to vitiligo and genetic variants for some of the genes are still unknown. These genes include mainly the proteins that play a role in immune regulation and a few other genes important for apoptosis and regulation of melanocyte functions. Despite the available data on genetic variants and risk alleles which influence the biological processes, only few immunological pathways have been found responsible for all ranges of severity and clinical manifestations of vitiligo. However, studies have concluded that vitiligo is of autoimmune origin and manifests due to complex interactions in immune components and their inappropriate response toward melanocytes. The genes involved in the immune regulation and processing the melanocytes antigen and its presentation can serve as effective immune-therapeutics that can target specific immunological pathways involved in vitiligo. This chapter highlights those immune-regulatory genes involved in vitiligo susceptibility and loci identified to date and their implications in vitiligo pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Dwivedi
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat, 394350, Gujarat, India.
| | - Naresh C Laddha
- In Vitro Specialty Lab Pvt. Ltd, 205-210, Golden Triangle, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, Gujarat, India
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Zhao Z, Shi J, Zhao G, Gao Y, Jiang Z, Yuan F. Large Scale Identification of Osteosarcoma Pathogenic Genes by Multiple Extreme Learning Machine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:755511. [PMID: 34646831 PMCID: PMC8502917 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.755511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the main treatment methods of osteosarcoma are chemotherapy and surgery. Its 5-year survival rate has not been significantly improved in the past decades. Osteosarcoma has extremely complex multigenomic heterogeneity and lacks universally applicable signal blocking targets. Osteosarcoma is often found in adolescents or children under the age of 20, so it is very important to explore its genetic pathogenic factors. We used known osteosarcoma-related genes and computer algorithms to find more osteosarcoma pathogenic genes, laying the foundation for the treatment of osteosarcoma immune microenvironment-related treatments, so as to carry out further explorations on these genes. It is a traditional method to identify osteosarcoma related genes by collecting clinical samples, measuring gene expressions by RNA-seq technology and comparing differentially expressed gene. The high cost and time consumption make it difficult to carry out research on a large scale. In this paper, we developed a novel method “RELM” which fuses multiple extreme learning machines (ELM) to identify osteosarcoma pathogenic genes. The AUC and AUPR of RELM are 0.91 and 0.88, respectively, in 10-cross validation, which illustrates the reliability of RELM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jijun Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Songyuan Central Hospital, Songyuan, China
| | - Guang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhigang Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Changchun Central Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Fusheng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Huraib GB, Al Harthi F, Arfin M, Aljamal A, Alrawi AS, Al-Asmari A. Association of Functional Polymorphism in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor 22 (PTPN22) Gene with Vitiligo. Biomark Insights 2020; 15:1177271920903038. [PMID: 32076368 PMCID: PMC7003175 DOI: 10.1177/1177271920903038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 22 (PTPN22) is associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. The functional polymorphism in PTPN22 at 1857 is a strong risk factor for vitiligo susceptibility in Europeans; however, controversy exits in other populations. Present study was aimed to determine whether the PTPN22 C1857T polymorphism confers susceptibility to vitiligo in Saudi Arabians. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using tetra primer amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method. The frequencies of allele T and genotype CT of PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism were significantly higher, whereas those of allele C and genotype CC were lower in patients as compared with controls (P < 0.0001). The genotype TT was absent in both the patients and controls. It is concluded that PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism is strongly associated with vitiligo susceptibility. However, additional studies are warranted using large number of samples from different ethnicities and geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahad Al Harthi
- Department of Dermatology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahul Arfin
- Scientific Research Center, Medical Services Department for Armed Forces, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Aljamal
- Department of Dermatology, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulrahman Al-Asmari
- Scientific Research Center, Medical Services Department for Armed Forces, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Eldelee SA, Gheida SF, Sarhan NI, Ibrahim ZA, Elfar NN. Evaluation of the effect of combined intralesional injection of prostaglandin F2α with narrow band UVB phototherapy in treatment of resistant cases of vitiligo. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 32:383-390. [DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1658860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samah A. Eldelee
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Shereen F. Gheida
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Zeinab A. Ibrahim
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Nashwa N. Elfar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Ocampo-Candiani J, Salinas-Santander M, Ortiz-López R, de la Rosa-Moreno E, Trevino V, Vilata-Corell JJ, Vázquez-Martínez O, Ocampo-Garza J, Sánchez-Domínguez C, Alfonso-Sánchez JL, Villarreal-Martínez A, Garza-Rodríguez V. TSH levels, overweight, BMI, and skin expression levels of DCT and CCBL2 genes are related to vitiligo treatment response with narrow band UVB phototherapy. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12893. [PMID: 30958624 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Facultad de Medicina, Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Salinas-Santander
- Departamento de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Eduardo de la Rosa-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Victor Trevino
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Juan José Vilata-Corell
- Departamento de Dermatología, Universitat de València, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Vázquez-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Garza
- Facultad de Medicina, Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Celia Sánchez-Domínguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José Luis Alfonso-Sánchez
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universitat de València, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alejandra Villarreal-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Verónica Garza-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina, Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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ONAN D, YORULMAZ A, EZGÜ FS, HAYRAN KM, KÜLCÜ S, ARTÜZ RF, YALÇIN B. The role of IFIH1 gene rs1990760 and rs2111485 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in generalized vitiligo predisposition. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:206-211. [PMID: 30761886 PMCID: PMC7350844 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1808-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Interferon-induced helicase (IFIH1) is a gene locus that has been recently defined as a candidate for susceptibility to generalized vitiligo (GV). The objectives of this study were to assess the association of IFIH1 gene, rs2111485, and rs1990760 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with susceptibility to GV and the autoimmune diseases accompanying GV. Materials and methods We prospectively studied GV patients and frequency-matched healthy controls by age and sex. The genotypes of the participants were determined for rs1990760 and rs2111485 SNPs of IFIH1. Dominant, recessive, and additive models were evaluated for each SNP adjusted for age and sex. Results The patients and their controls were observed to be in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium for SNP1 (2q24.2, rs1990760, IFIH1, T/C) and SNP2 (2q24.2, rs2111485, IFIH1, G/A), respectively (all P > 0.7). For SNP1, every T allel addition was significantly associated with 1.53 times protectiveness in terms of vitiligo risk (P = 0.033). As for SNP2, every G allel addition was associated with 1.42 times protectiveness, close to statistical significance (P = 0.100). Conclusions: We detected that for SNP1, each T allel and for SNP2, each G allel are protective in terms of vitiligo development. Hereby, we confirmed that IFIH1 gene locus has a role in GV susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duru ONAN
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, AnkaraTurkey
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Ahu YORULMAZ
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Fatih Süheyl EZGÜ
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Kadir Mutlu HAYRAN
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Seray KÜLCÜ
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Refika Ferda ARTÜZ
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Başak YALÇIN
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, AnkaraTurkey
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14
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Ocampo-Candiani J, Salinas-Santander M, Trevino V, Ortiz-López R, Ocampo-Garza J, Sanchez-Dominguez CN. Evaluation of skin expression profiles of patients with vitiligo treated with narrow-band UVB therapy by targeted RNA-seq. An Bras Dermatol 2019; 93:843-851. [PMID: 30484529 PMCID: PMC6256230 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin. To date, there are no studies that analyze the changes in gene expression in the skin of vitiligo patients in response to narrow-band ultraviolet B (nb-UVB) phototherapy treatment. OBJECTIVE Explore the usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes in the skin of vitiligo patients treated with nb-UVB phototherapy. METHODS Four skin biopsies (4mm in diameter) were collected from 45 Mexican vitiligo vulgaris patients, 2 specimens before and 2 after treatment with nb-UVB phototherapy, obtained from pigmented and non-pigmented tissue. RNA extracted from the biopsies was analyzed using the Illumina TruSeq Targeted RNA Expression protocol to study the expression of genes that participate in pathways of skin homeostasis. The 2 groups were compared using Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS The expression analysis identified differences in 12 genes included in this study after comparing the samples obtained before and after treatment: 5 genes involved in skin pigmentation, 2 genes involved in apoptosis, 2 genes involved in cell survival, 2 genes involved in oxidative stress responses and 1 gene involved in signal transduction mechanisms (p<0.05). STUDY LIMITATIONS The small size of skin biopsies limits the amount of RNA obtained, the number of genes to be analyzed and the use of conventional techniques such as RT-qPCR. CONCLUSION We demonstrated usefulness of new generation RNA sequencing in the identification of gene expression changes, in addition to identifying new targets in the study of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José
Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de
Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México
| | - Mauricio Salinas-Santander
- Department of Investigation, Facultad de Medicina Unidad Saltillo,
Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, México
| | - Victor Trevino
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de
Monterrey, Tecnológico de Monterrey, México
| | - Rocio Ortiz-López
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de
Monterrey, Tecnológico de Monterrey, México
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Garza
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario Dr. José
Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de
Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México
| | - Celia Nohemi Sanchez-Dominguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León,
México
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15
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Yin L, Pang G, Niu C, Habasi M, Dou J, Aisa HA. A novel psoralen derivative-MPFC enhances melanogenesis via activation of p38 MAPK and PKA signaling pathways in B16 cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3727-3735. [PMID: 29512683 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As an active compound, psoralen is present in various Chinese herbal medicines and has exhibited significant activity in skin disease treatment. Its derivative 8-methoxypsoralan (8-MOP) is the most commonly used drug to induce repigmentation of vitiligo. In our previous screening assays, 4-methyl-6-phenyl-2H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-2-one (MPFC), a psoralen derivative, was identified as more effective tyrosinase and melanin activator than the positive control 8-MOP in consideration of low doses, as well as low toxicity. The overall purpose of this study was to characterize the melanogenic effect and mechanisms of MPFC in B16 cells. The melanin biosynthesis effects of MPFC were determined by examination of cellular melanin contents, tyrosinase activity assay, cyclic adenosinemonophosphate (cAMP) assay, and western blotting of MPFC-stimulated B16 mouse melanoma cells. Our results showed that MPFC enhanced both melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner as well as significantly activated the expression of melanogenic proteins such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and tyrosinase-related protein-2. Western blot analysis showed that MPFC increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) as well as the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Moreover, MPFC stimulated intracellular cAMP levels and induced tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis were attenuated by H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor. These results indicated that MPFC-mediated activation of the p38 MAPK and the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway may shed light on a novel approach for an effective therapy for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Guangxian Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Maidina Habasi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Jun Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
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16
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Salinas-Santander M, Trevino V, De la Rosa-Moreno E, Verduzco-Garza B, Sánchez-Domínguez CN, Cantú-Salinas C, Ocampo-Garza J, Lagos-Rodríguez A, Ocampo-Candiani J, Ortiz-López R. CAPN3, DCT, MLANA and TYRP1 are overexpressed in skin of vitiligo vulgaris Mexican patients. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2804-2811. [PMID: 29456684 PMCID: PMC5795480 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is a disorder causing skin depigmentation, in which several factors have been proposed for its pathogenesis: Environmental, genetic and biological aspects of melanocytes, even those of the surrounding keratinocytes. However, the lack of understanding of the mechanisms has complicated the task of predicting the development and progression. The present study used microarray analysis to characterize the transcriptional profile of skin from Vitiligo Vulgaris (VV) patients and the identified transcripts were validated using targeted high-throughput RNA sequencing in a broader set of patients. For microarrays, mRNA was taken from 20 skin biopsies of 10 patients with VV (pigmented and depigmented skin biopsy of each), and 5 biopsies of healthy subjects matched for age and sex were used as a control. A signature was identified that contains the expression pattern of 722 genes between depigmented vitiligo skin vs. healthy control, 1,108 between the pigmented skin of vitiligo vs. healthy controls and 1,927 between pigmented skin, depigmented vitiligo and healthy controls (P<0.05; false discovery rate, <0.1). When comparing the pigmented and depigmented skin of patients with vitiligo, which reflects the real difference between both skin types, 5 differentially expressed genes were identified and further validated in 45 additional VV patients by RNA sequencing. This analysis showed significantly higher RNA levels of calpain-3, dopachrome tautomerase, melan-A and tyrosinase-related protein-1 genes. The data revealed that the pigmented skin of vitiligo is already affected at the level of gene expression and that the main differences between pigmented and non-pigmented skin are explained by the expression of genes associated with pigment metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Salinas-Santander
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.,Departamento de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina Unidad Saltillo, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25000, México
| | - Víctor Trevino
- Grupo de Investigación en Bioinformática, Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México
| | - Eduardo De la Rosa-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Bárbara Verduzco-Garza
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Celia N Sánchez-Domínguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Cristina Cantú-Salinas
- Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Garza
- Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Armando Lagos-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Servicio de Dermatología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Rocio Ortiz-López
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.,Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, México
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17
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Recent Advances in Pathogenesis and Medical Management of Vitiligo. PIGMENTARY SKIN DISORDERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70419-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Vaccaro M, Irrera N, Cutroneo G, Rizzo G, Vaccaro F, Anastasi GP, Borgia F, Cannavò SP, Altavilla D, Squadrito F. Differential Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase Isoforms nNOS and iNOS in Patients with Non-Segmental Generalized Vitiligo. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122533. [PMID: 29186858 PMCID: PMC5751136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in several biological processes, but its role in human melanogenesis is still not well understood. Exposure to UVA and UVB induces nitric oxide production in keratinocytes and melanocytes through the activation of constitutive nitric oxide synthase, increasing tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis, whereas inducible nitric oxide synthase over expression might be involved in hypopigmentary disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether inducible nitric oxide synthase and neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression were modified in vitiligo skin compared to healthy controls. Skin biopsies were obtained from inflammatory/lesional and white/lesional skin in 12 patients with active, non-segmental vitiligo; site-matched biopsies of normal skin from eight patients were used as controls. Nitric oxide synthase isoforms expression was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and Western Blot analysis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression was significantly increased in inflammatory/lesional skin compared to healthy skin; melanocytes showed a moderate neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in white/lesional skin, demonstrating that metabolic function still goes on. The obtained data demonstrated that vitiligo lesions were characterized by modifications of nitric oxide synthase isoforms, thus confirming the hypothesis that nitric oxide imbalance is involved in vitiligo and supporting the idea that nitric oxide synthase inhibitors might be used as a possible therapeutic approach for the management of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Cutroneo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Images, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Federico Vaccaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Images, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe P Anastasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Images, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Serafinella P Cannavò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho-Functional Images, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98124 Messina, Italy.
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19
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Zhao S, Fang F, Tang X, Dou J, Wang W, Zheng X, Sun L, Zhang A. An in-depth analysis identifies two new independent signals in 11q23.3 associated with vitiligo in the Chinese Han population. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 88:103-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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20
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Li J, Yan M, Zhang Y, Feng C, Wang H, Wang C, Sun L. Meta-analysis of the association between NLRP1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases. Oncotarget 2017; 8:88179-88188. [PMID: 29152150 PMCID: PMC5675702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are linked to vitiligo and associated autoimmune diseases. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of the rs12150220, rs2670660, and rs6502867 polymorphisms within the human NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1 (NLRP1) gene. We initially identified 1,306 candidate articles through literature searches of Pubmed, WOS, Embase, CNKI, WANFANGI, Ovid, Scopus, and Cochrane in July 2017. After strict screening, we included 19 eligible case-control studies, and analyzed the data using Stata/SE 12.0 software. No difference between vitiligo cases and controls was detected for NLRP1 rs12150220, rs2670660, or rs6502867 under most genetic models [Passociation (P value of association test) > 0.05). With regard to vitiligo-associated autoimmune diseases, like Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes, or systemic lupus erythematosus, a decreased risk was detected for rs12150220 in the Caucasian subgroup under all models [Passociation < 0.05, odds ratio (OR) < 1]. No relationships were observed for other polymorphisms, including rs2670660, rs6502867, and the “A-A, G-T, G-A, A-T” haplotypes of rs2670660/rs12150220 (Passociation > 0.05). This meta-analysis demonstrates that within the Caucasian population, the NLRP1 rs12150220 polymorphism may correlate with a decreased risk of vitiligo-associated autoimmune diseases, especially autoimmune Addison's disease, type 1 diabetes, or systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Shengli Oil Field, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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21
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Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Santaguida G, Virili C, Ruffilli I, Ragusa F, Centanni M, Antonelli A. Circulating CXCL10 is increased in non-segmental vitiligo, in presence or absence of autoimmune thyroiditis. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:946-950. [PMID: 28698095 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently the importance of CXCL10 in the pathogenesis of non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) and autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) has been shown. No data are present about chemokines CXCL10 (Th1 prototype) and CCL2 (Th2 prototype) circulating levels in NSV patients with/without thyroiditis (AT). Serum CXCL10 and CCL2 have been measured in 50 consecutive NSV patients, in 40 consecutive patients with NSV and AT (NSV+AT), in 50 sex- and age-matched controls without AT (control 1) and in 40 sex- and age-matched patients with AT without NSV (control 2). Serum CXCL10 levels were significantly higher in control 2, than in control 1 (P=0.001; ANOVA). NSV patients have serum CXCL10 levels significantly higher than control 1, or control 2 (P=0.001). NSV+AT patients have serum CXCL10 levels higher than control 1, or 2 (P<0.001), and than NSV (P=0.01). In conclusion, we first demonstrate high serum CXCL10 in NSV patients, overall in presence of AT and hypothyroidism, suggesting the importance of a common Th1 immune response in their immune-pathogenesis. To evaluate if serum CXCL10 might be used as a clinical marker of NSV and/or AT further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martina Ferrari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Santaguida
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Camilla Virili
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Ilaria Ruffilli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragusa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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22
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Singh PK, van den Berg PR, Long MD, Vreugdenhil A, Grieshober L, Ochs-Balcom HM, Wang J, Delcambre S, Heikkinen S, Carlberg C, Campbell MJ, Sucheston-Campbell LE. Integration of VDR genome wide binding and GWAS genetic variation data reveals co-occurrence of VDR and NF-κB binding that is linked to immune phenotypes. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:132. [PMID: 28166722 PMCID: PMC5294817 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily acts as a genomic sensor of diverse signals. Their actions are often intertwined with other transcription factors. Nuclear hormone receptors are targets for many therapeutic drugs, and include the vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR signaling is pleotropic, being implicated in calcaemic function, antibacterial actions, growth control, immunomodulation and anti-cancer actions. Specifically, we hypothesized that the biologically significant relationships between the VDR transcriptome and phenotype-associated biology could be discovered by integrating the known VDR transcription factor binding sites and all published trait- and disease-associated SNPs. By integrating VDR genome-wide binding data (ChIP-seq) with the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) GWAS catalog of SNPs we would see where and which target gene interactions and pathways are impacted by inherited genetic variation in VDR binding sites, indicating which of VDR’s multiple functions are most biologically significant. Results To examine how genetic variation impacts VDR function we overlapped 23,409 VDR genomic binding peaks from six VDR ChIP-seq datasets with 191,482 SNPs, derived from GWAS-significant SNPs (Lead SNPs) and their correlated variants (r2 > 0.8) from HapMap3 and the 1000 genomes project. In total, 574 SNPs (71 Lead and 503 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with Lead SNPs) were present at VDR binding loci and associated with 211 phenotypes. For each phenotype a hypergeometric test was used to determine if SNPs were enriched at VDR binding sites. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing across the 211 phenotypes yielded 42 SNPs that were either disease- or phenotype-associated with seven predominately immune related including self-reported allergy; esophageal cancer was the only cancer phenotype. Motif analyses revealed that only two of these 42 SNPs reside within a canonical VDR binding site (DR3 motif), and that 1/3 of the 42 SNPs significantly impacted binding and gene regulation by other transcription factors, including NF-κB. This suggests a plausible link for the potential cross-talk between VDR and NF-κB. Conclusions These analyses showed that VDR peaks are enriched for SNPs associated with immune phenotypes suggesting that VDR immunomodulatory functions are amongst its most important actions. The enrichment of genetic variation in non-DR3 motifs suggests a significant role for the VDR to bind in multimeric complexes containing other transcription factors that are the primary DNA binding component. Our work provides a framework for the combination of ChIP-seq and GWAS findings to provide insight into the underlying phenotype-associated biology of a given transcription factor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3481-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant K Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | | | - Mark D Long
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Angie Vreugdenhil
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Laurie Grieshober
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Heather M Ochs-Balcom
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Sylvie Delcambre
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, 6 Avenue du Swing, 4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Moray J Campbell
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, 536 Parks Hall, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Lara E Sucheston-Campbell
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, 604 Riffe Building, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Dey-Rao R, Sinha AA. Vitiligo blood transcriptomics provides new insights into disease mechanisms and identifies potential novel therapeutic targets. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:109. [PMID: 28129744 PMCID: PMC5273810 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Significant gaps remain regarding the pathomechanisms underlying the autoimmune response in vitiligo (VL), where the loss of self-tolerance leads to the targeted killing of melanocytes. Specifically, there is incomplete information regarding alterations in the systemic environment that are relevant to the disease state. METHODS We undertook a genome-wide profiling approach to examine gene expression in the peripheral blood of VL patients and healthy controls in the context of our previously published VL-skin gene expression profile. We used several in silico bioinformatics-based analyses to provide new insights into disease mechanisms and suggest novel targets for future therapy. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering methods of the VL-blood dataset demonstrate a "disease-state"-specific set of co-expressed genes. Ontology enrichment analysis of 99 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) uncovers a down-regulated immune/inflammatory response, B-Cell antigen receptor (BCR) pathways, apoptosis and catabolic processes in VL-blood. There is evidence for both type I and II interferon (IFN) playing a role in VL pathogenesis. We used interactome analysis to identify several key blood associated transcriptional factors (TFs) from within (STAT1, STAT6 and NF-kB), as well as "hidden" (CREB1, MYC, IRF4, IRF1, and TP53) from the dataset that potentially affect disease pathogenesis. The TFs overlap with our reported lesional-skin transcriptional circuitry, underscoring their potential importance to the disease. We also identify a shared VL-blood and -skin transcriptional "hot spot" that maps to chromosome 6, and includes three VL-blood dysregulated genes (PSMB8, PSMB9 and TAP1) described as potential VL-associated genetic susceptibility loci. Finally, we provide bioinformatics-based support for prioritizing dysregulated genes in VL-blood or skin as potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSIONS We examined the VL-blood transcriptome in context with our (previously published) VL-skin transcriptional profile to address a major gap in knowledge regarding the systemic changes underlying skin-specific manifestation of vitiligo. Several transcriptional "hot spots" observed in both environments offer prioritized targets for identifying disease risk genes. Finally, within the transcriptional framework of VL, we identify five novel molecules (STAT1, PRKCD, PTPN6, MYC and FGFR2) that lend themselves to being targeted by drugs for future potential VL-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Dey-Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 6078 Clinical and Translational Research Center, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Animesh A Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 6078 Clinical and Translational Research Center, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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Raveendra L, Hemavathi RN, Rajgopal S. A Study of Vitiligo in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Indian J Dermatol 2017; 62:168-170. [PMID: 28400636 PMCID: PMC5363140 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_360_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Diabetes mellitus is associated with many skin manifestations including vitiligo. Vitiligo occurs more commonly in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. A few recent studies have shown its increased occurrence in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aims: This study aims to study the prevalence of vitiligo in Type 2 diabetic patients and to compare the prevalence of vitiligo in age- and sex-matched group of nondiabetic population. Settings and Design: The present study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Dermatology in a tertiary care hospital. Subjects and Methods: Six hundred consecutive consenting patients of Type 2 diabetes were included in the study group and age- and sex-matched controls were healthy nondiabetic adult volunteers attending the Department of Dermatology. Fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels were done. A complete history, physical examination, and wood's lamp examination to detect vitiligo were conducted. In all those with vitiligo, the type of vitiligo was noted. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Comparison between the presence of vitiligo in cases and controls was done using Chi-square test with P = 0.05 for significance. Results: Vitiligo was seen in 12% of cases and 6% of control group which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between cases and controls with respect to type of vitiligo. Conclusions: Vitiligo can occur in Type 2 diabetics as seen in our study and few other recent studies. The exact pathogenesis is not very clear and needs further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Raveendra
- Department of Dermatology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha N Hemavathi
- Department of Medicine, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Rajgopal
- Department of Dermatology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Thomas KS, Batchelor JM, Bath-Hextall F, Chalmers JR, Clarke T, Crowe S, Delamere FM, Eleftheriadou V, Evans N, Firkins L, Greenlaw N, Lansbury L, Lawton S, Layfield C, Leonardi-Bee J, Mason J, Mitchell E, Nankervis H, Norrie J, Nunn A, Ormerod AD, Patel R, Perkins W, Ravenscroft JC, Schmitt J, Simpson E, Whitton ME, Williams HC. A programme of research to set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the prevention and treatment of skin disease. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSkin diseases are very common and can have a large impact on the quality of life of patients and caregivers. This programme addressed four diseases: (1) eczema, (2) vitiligo, (3) squamous cell skin cancer (SCC) and (4) pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).ObjectiveTo set priorities and reduce uncertainties for the treatment and prevention of skin disease in our four chosen diseases.DesignMixed methods including eight systematic reviews, three prioritisation exercises, two pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs), three feasibility studies, two core outcome initiatives, four funding proposals for national RCTs and one completed national RCT.SettingSecondary care, primary care and the general population.ParticipantsPatients (and their caregivers) with eczema, vitiligo, SCC and PG, plus health-care professionals with an interest in skin disease.InterventionsOur three intervention studies included (1) barrier enhancement using emollients from birth to prevent eczema (pilot RCT); (2) handheld narrowband ultraviolet light B therapy for treating vitiligo (pilot RCT); and (3) oral ciclosporin (Neoral®, Novartis Pharmaceuticals) compared with oral prednisolone for managing PG (pragmatic national RCT).ResultsSystematic reviews included two overarching systematic reviews of RCTs of treatments for eczema and vitiligo, an umbrella review of systematic reviews of interventions for the prevention of eczema, two reviews of treatments for SCC (one included RCTs and the second included observational studies), and three reviews of outcome measures and outcome reporting. Three prioritisation partnership exercises identified 26 priority areas for future research in eczema, vitiligo and SCC. Two international consensus initiatives identified four core domains for future eczema trials and seven core domains for vitiligo trials. Two pilot RCTs and three feasibility studies critically informed development of four trial proposals for external funding, three of which are now funded and one is pending consideration by funders. Our pragmatic RCT tested the two commonly used systemic treatments for PG (prednisolone vs. ciclosporin) and found no difference in their clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. Both drugs showed limited benefit. Only half of the participants’ ulcers had healed by 6 months. For those with healed ulcers, recurrence was common (30%). Different side effect profiles were noted for each drug, which can inform clinical decisions on an individual patient basis. Three researchers were trained to PhD level and a dermatology patient panel was established to ensure patient involvement in all aspects of the programme.ConclusionsFindings from this programme of work have already informed clinical guidelines and patient information resources. Feasibility studies have ensured that large national pragmatic trials will now be conducted on important areas of treatment uncertainty that address the needs of patients and the NHS. There is scope for considerable improvement in terms of trial design, conduct and reporting for RCTs of skin disease, which can be improved through wider collaboration, registration of trial protocols and complete reporting and international consensus over core outcome sets. Three national trials have now been funded as a result of this work. Two international initiatives to establish how best to measure the core outcome domains for eczema and vitiligo are ongoing.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials Barrier Enhancement for Eczema Prevention (BEEP) (ISRCTN84854178 and NCT01142999), Study of Treatments fOr Pyoderma GAngrenosum Patients (STOP GAP) (ISRCTN35898459) and Hand Held NB-UVB for Early or Focal Vitiligo at Home (HI-Light Pilot Trial) (NCT01478945).FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 4, No. 18. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Joanne R Chalmers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tessa Clarke
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Finola M Delamere
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Nicholas Evans
- Trust Headquarters, West Hertfordshire Hospital NHS Trust, Hemel Hempstead, UK
| | - Lester Firkins
- Strategy and Development Group, James Lind Alliance, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Greenlaw
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Louise Lansbury
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sandra Lawton
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Carron Layfield
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Mason
- School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Eleanor Mitchell
- Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Helen Nankervis
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - John Norrie
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Andrew Nunn
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ramesh Patel
- Radcliffe-on-Trent Health Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - William Perkins
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jane C Ravenscroft
- Dermatology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Centre for Evidence-based Healthcare, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eric Simpson
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Maxine E Whitton
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hywel C Williams
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Wang P, Li Y, Nie H, Zhang X, Shao Q, Hou X, Xu W, Hong W, Xu A. The changes of gene expression profiling between segmental vitiligo, generalized vitiligo and healthy individual. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 84:40-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pei T, Zheng C, Huang C, Chen X, Guo Z, Fu Y, Liu J, Wang Y. Systematic understanding the mechanisms of vitiligo pathogenesis and its treatment by Qubaibabuqi formula. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:272-287. [PMID: 27265513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Vitiligo is a depigmentation disorder, which results in substantial cosmetic disfigurement and poses a detriment to patients' physical as well as mental. Now the molecular pathogenesis of vitiligo still remains unclear, which leads to a daunting challenge for vitiligo therapy in modern medicine. Herbal medicines, characterized by multi-compound and multi-target, have long been shown effective in treating vitiligo, but their molecular mechanisms of action also remain ambiguous. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here we proposed a systems pharmacology approach using a clinically effective herb formula as a tool to detect the molecular pathogenesis of vitiligo. This study provided an integrative analysis of active chemicals, drug targets and interacting pathways of the Uygur medicine Qubaibabuqi formula for curing Vitiligo. RESULTS The results show that 56 active ingredients of Qubaibabuqi interacting with 83 therapeutic proteins were identified. And Qubaibabuqi probably participate in immunomodulation, neuromodulation and keratinocytes apoptosis inhibition in treatment of vitiligo by a synergistic/cooperative way. CONCLUSIONS The drug-target network-based analysis and pathway-based analysis can provide a new approach for understanding the pathogenesis of vitiligo and uncovering the molecular mechanisms of Qubaibabuqi, which will also facilitate the application of traditional Chinese herbs in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Pei
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xuetong Chen
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zihu Guo
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingxue Fu
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Northwest University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Chen YJ, Chen YY, Wu CY, Chi CC. Oral Chinese herbal medicine in combination with phototherapy for vitiligo: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2016; 26:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
The complementary actions of the innate and adaptive immune systems often provide effective host defense against microbial pathogens and harmful environmental agents. Germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) endow the innate immune system with the ability to detect and mount a rapid response against a given threat. Members of several intracellular PRR families, including the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs), the AIM2-like receptors (ALRs), and the tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) protein Pyrin/TRIM20, nucleate the formation of inflammasomes. These cytosolic scaffolds serve to recruit and oligomerize the cysteine protease caspase-1 in filaments that promote its proximity-induced autoactivation. This oligomerization occurs either directly or indirectly through intervention of the bipartite adaptor protein ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), which is needed for the domain interaction. Caspase-1 cleaves the precursors of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and triggers their release into the extracellular space, where they act on effector cells to promote both local and systemic immune responses. Additionally, inflammasome activation gives rise to a lytic mode of cell death, named pyroptosis, which is thought to contribute to initial host defense against infection by eliminating replication niches of intracellular pathogens and exposing them to the immune system. Inflammasome-induced host defense responses are the subject of intense investigation, and understanding their physiological roles during infection and the regulatory circuits that are involved is becoming increasingly detailed. Here, we discuss current understanding of the activation mechanisms and biological outcomes of inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Dubois
- NOD-like Receptor and Inflammasome Laboratory, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Wullaert
- NOD-like Receptor and Inflammasome Laboratory, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Lamkanfi
- NOD-like Receptor and Inflammasome Laboratory, Inflammation Research Center, VIB, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Understanding Melanocyte Stem Cells for Disease Modeling and Regenerative Medicine Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:30458-69. [PMID: 26703580 PMCID: PMC4691150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanocytes in the skin play an indispensable role in the pigmentation of skin and its appendages. It is well known that the embryonic origin of melanocytes is neural crest cells. In adult skin, functional melanocytes are continuously repopulated by the differentiation of melanocyte stem cells (McSCs) residing in the epidermis of the skin. Many preceding studies have led to significant discoveries regarding the cellular and molecular characteristics of this unique stem cell population. The alteration of McSCs has been also implicated in several skin abnormalities and disease conditions. To date, our knowledge of McSCs largely comes from studying the stem cell niche of mouse hair follicles. Suggested by several anatomical differences between mouse and human skin, there could be distinct features associated with mouse and human McSCs as well as their niches in the skin. Recent advances in human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) research have provided us with useful tools to potentially acquire a substantial amount of human McSCs and functional melanocytes for research and regenerative medicine applications. This review highlights recent studies and progress involved in understanding the development of cutaneous melanocytes and the regulation of McSCs.
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Dey-Rao R, Sinha AA. Interactome analysis of gene expression profile reveals potential novel key transcriptional regulators of skin pathology in vitiligo. Genes Immun 2015; 17:30-45. [DOI: 10.1038/gene.2015.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lim HK, Bae MI, Jeong KH, Shin MK, Lee MH. Positivity rates of antithyroid antibody, antinuclear antibody and thyroid peroxidase antibody in different types of vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 41:242-7. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. K. Lim
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - M. I. Bae
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - K. H. Jeong
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - M. K. Shin
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - M.-H. Lee
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
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Schunter JA, Löffler D, Wiesner T, Kovacs P, Badenhoop K, Aust G, Tönjes A, Müller P, Baber R, Simon JC, Führer D, Pfäffle RW, Thiery J, Stumvoll M, Kiess W, Kratzsch J, Körner A. A novel FoxD3 Variant Is Associated With Vitiligo and Elevated Thyroid Auto-Antibodies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:E1335-42. [PMID: 26267147 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitiligo frequently coincides with autoimmune endocrinopathies, particularly Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Genetic susceptibility may underlie this coincident occurrence. One candidate region is the autoimmunity susceptibility locus on chromosome 1, which encompasses forkhead transcription factor D3 (FoxD3), a gene involved in embryonal melanogenesis. We identified a promotor variant (rs78645479) in an index case of vitiligo + HT + candidiasis and evaluated its clinical and functional relevance. DESIGN We genotyped 281 patients with variable autoimmune endocrinopathies: HT, Graves' disease (GD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), Addison's disease (AD), autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS), and/or vitiligo and 1858 controls. Furthermore, we experimentally assessed the effect of the variant on promotor activity and assessed the expression of FoxD3 in human thyroid tissue samples. RESULTS Patients with vitiligo had a higher frequency of the risk allele (30%) compared with healthy controls (18.2%). In addition, the variant was associated with the incidence of elevated anti-TPO antibodies and anti-Tg antibodies, but not with TSH, FT3, or FT4 levels and also not with GD, T1D, AD, or APS. Functionally, the variant increased transcriptional activity in Jurkat and in Hek293 cells. We confirmed gene expression of FoxD3 in human thyroid tissue, which seemed elevated in thyroid tissue samples of some patients with GD and nonautoimmune goiter but not in patients with HT. CONCLUSION In addition to a possible association of rs78645479 in FoxD3 with vitiligo, our data on the association of this FoxD3 variant with thyroid autoantibodies suggest a potential involvement of FoxD3 in thyroid immunoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Ana Schunter
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Dennis Löffler
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Tobias Wiesner
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Klaus Badenhoop
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Gabriela Aust
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Müller
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Ronny Baber
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Jan C Simon
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Dagmar Führer
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Roland W Pfäffle
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- Center for Paediatric Research Leipzig (J.A.S., D.L., R.W.P., W.K., A.K.), University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Ambulatory Health Care Center Metabolic Medicine (T.W., P.M.), 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Integrated Research and Treatment Center (P.K., M.S., A.K.), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine 1, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism (K.B.), Goethe-University Hospital, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories and Clinic of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery (G.A.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Deptartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Nephrology (A.T., D.F., M.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics (R.B., J.T., J.K.), University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology (J.C.S.), University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig Germany
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Wu D, Shi D, Zhu X. The association between tumor necrosis factor-α-308 G/A polymorphism and risk for vitiligo: a meta-analysis. Int J Dermatol 2015. [PMID: 26224639 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-308 G/A gene polymorphism (rs1800629) to risk for vitiligo is subject to controversy. OBJECTIVES The fundamental purpose of the present meta-analysis was to investigate large-scale evidence to determine the overall association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and susceptibility to vitiligo. METHODS A literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases was conducted to identify all studies referring to an association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and vitiligo published to June 1, 2014. The principal outcome measure for evaluating the strength of the association was the crude odds ratio (OR) along with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Data were extracted, and statistical analyses were implemented using stata Version 12.0. RESULTS Data for a total of 1505 vitiligo cases and 2253 controls from five case-control studies concentrating on the association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and vitiligo were included in this meta-analysis. Combined analysis revealed there to be no association between this polymorphism and susceptibility to vitiligo in five genetic models under random-effects models. A subgroup analysis by clinical type also demonstrated the absence of any association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and generalized vitiligo. However, a significant association was detected in the miscellaneous subgroup under the dominant model (fixed-effects model: OR 5.69, 95% CI 4.70-6.88; P = 0.000) and overdominant model (random-effects model: OR 5.24, 95% CI 2.26-12.17; P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates that TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism is not a genetic risk factor for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongze Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Gene Polymorphism with Inflammation and Cellular Cytotoxicity in Vitiligo Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132915. [PMID: 26177100 PMCID: PMC4503778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a disorder with profound heterogeneity in its aetio-pathophysiology. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in the physiology of the vasculature, blood pressure and inflammation. An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was reported be associated with the development of vitiligo. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate the ACE I/D polymorphism in vitiligo patients and controls. Our second aim was to find a possible association between ACE gene polymorphism and inflammatory mediators (as interleukin (IL)-6) and/or cellular cytotoxicity induced by serum nitrite (as a breakdown product of the cytotoxic nitric oxide) in vitiligo patients. METHODS This case-control study included 74 vitiligo patients and 75 apparently healthy controls. The distribution of ACE gene I/D genotype was investigated using PCR. Serum ACE, IL-6 and nitrite were measured by colorimetric method, ELISA and Griess assay respectively. RESULTS The ACE allele frequency was significantly different between vitiligo patients and healthy controls (P = 0.026). However there was no significant difference between the ACE genotyping frequency in both groups (P = 0.115). There were statistically significant higher VIDA score (P = 0.007), and serum IL-6 (P < 0.001) in patients with the DD genotype when compared to other genotypes. Serum nitrite in patients with the DD genotype was significantly higher (P = 0.007) when compared to patients with II genotype. Serum levels of ACE, IL-6 and nitrite in vitiligo patients were statistically significantly higher than those in controls. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, ACE gene polymorphism might grant susceptibility to develop vitiligo. Serum IL-6 and nitrite levels might have an important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Targeting these two factors might have an implication in the treatment of some resistant cases.
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Kim HJ, Kim JS, Woo JT, Lee IS, Cha BY. Hyperpigmentation mechanism of methyl 3,5-di-caffeoylquinate through activation of p38 and MITF induction of tyrosinase. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:548-56. [PMID: 26018825 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl 3,5-di-caffeoylquinate (3,5-diCQM) has been used for the treatment of various diseases in oriental medicine, but its effect on melanogenesis has not been reported yet. In this study, the molecular mechanism of 3,5-diCQM-induced melanogenesis was investigated. It was found that 3,5-diCQM induced synthesis of melanin pigments in murine B16F10 melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of cells with 3,5-diCQM for 48 h increased extracellular and intracellular melanin production and tyrosinase activity. The expressions of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and TRP2 were up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner 48 h after 3,5-diCQM treatment. Western blot analysis showed that 3,5-diCQM increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and cAMP responsive element binding as well as the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. In addition, 3,5-diCQM-stimulated cAMP production, and 3,5-diCQM-induced tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis were attenuated by H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor. These results suggested that 3,5-diCQM-mediated activation of the p38 pathway may represent a novel approach for an effective therapy for vitiligo and hair graying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jung Kim
- Research Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Jin Sook Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Tae Woo
- Research Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan Department of Research and Development, Erina Co., Inc., Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0021, Japan
| | - Ik-Soo Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Yoon Cha
- Research Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
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Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P. The role of the Th1 chemokine CXCL10 in vitiligo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2015; 3:S16. [PMID: 26046061 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.03.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Poupak Fallahi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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miR-196a-2 rs11614913 polymorphism is associated with vitiligo by affecting heterodimeric molecular complexes of Tyr and Tyrp1. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:683-92. [PMID: 25896941 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (Tyr-Tyrp1) complex plays a critical role in the synthesis of melanin intermediates, which involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contributes to the development of vitiligo. Based on our previous observation that rs11614913 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in miR-196a-2 could affect the risk of vitiligo by influencing Tyrp1, we hypothesized that the same SNP could also regulate the level of Tyr in vitiligo. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between rs11614913 SNP in miR-196a-2 and serum Tyr level in vitiligo and the regulatory role of miR-196a-2 in the expression of Tyr in melanocytes. The serum Tyr level was detected in 116 patients with vitiligo and 116 controls by ELISA plate assay. The expression level of Tyrp1 and Tyr in PIG1(normal melanocyte cell lines) cells was analyzed by western blotting. The ROS level and apoptosis rate in PIG1 cells transfected with si-Tyr or control siRNA were tested by flow cytometry. The results show that the individuals with TT+TC genotypes in miR-196a-2 and higher Tyr level in serum had an increased risk of vitiligo compared with those who had the CC genotype and lower Tyr level (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the rs11614913 C allele in miR-196a-2 enhanced its inhibitory regulation on the expression of Tyr, the down-regulation of which in melanocytes successfully reduced the intracellular ROS levels and the apoptosis rate. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-196a-2 polymorphisms can regulate the Tyr levels, which influences the susceptibility of vitiligo.
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Whitton ME, Pinart M, Batchelor J, Leonardi-Bee J, González U, Jiyad Z, Eleftheriadou V, Ezzedine K. Interventions for vitiligo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD003263. [PMID: 25710794 PMCID: PMC10887429 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd003263.pub5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a chronic skin disorder characterised by patchy loss of skin colour. Some people experience itching before the appearance of a new patch. It affects people of any age or ethnicity, more than half of whom develop it before the age of 20 years. There are two main types: generalised vitiligo, the common symmetrical form, and segmental, affecting only one side of the body. Around 1% of the world's population has vitiligo, a disease causing white patches on the skin. Several treatments are available. Some can restore pigment but none can cure the disease. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of all therapeutic interventions used in the management of vitiligo. SEARCH METHODS We updated our searches of the following databases to October 2013: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL in The Cochrane Library (2013, Issue 10), MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, PsycINFO, CINAHL and LILACS. We also searched five trials databases, and checked the reference lists of included studies for further references to relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of treatments for vitiligo. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS At least two review authors independently assessed study eligibility and methodological quality, and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS This update of the 2010 review includes 96 studies, 57 from the previous update and 39 new studies, totalling 4512 participants. Most of the studies, covering a wide range of interventions, had fewer than 50 participants. All of the studies assessed repigmentation, however only five reported on all of our three primary outcomes which were quality of life, > 75% repigmentation and adverse effects. Of our secondary outcomes, six studies measured cessation of spread but none assessed long-term permanence of repigmentation resulting from treatment at two years follow-up.Most of the studies assessed combination therapies which generally reported better results. New interventions include seven new surgical interventions.We analysed the data from 25 studies which assessed our primary outcomes. We used the effect measures risk ratio (RR), and odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) and where N is the number of participants in the study.We were only able to analyse one of nine studies assessing quality of life and this showed no statistically significant improvement between the comparators.Nine analyses from eight studies reported >75% repigmentation. In the following studies the repigmentation was better in the combination therapy group: calcipotriol plus PUVA (psoralen with UVA light) versus PUVA (paired OR 4.25, 95% CI 1.43 to 12.64, one study, N = 27); hydrocortisone-17-butyrate plus excimer laser versus excimer laser alone (RR 2.57, 95% CI 1.20 to 5.50, one study, N = 84); oral minipulse of prednisolone (OMP) plus NB-UVB (narrowband UVB) versus OMP alone (RR 7.41, 95% CI 1.03 to 53.26, one study, N = 47); azathioprine with PUVA versus PUVA alone (RR 17.77, 95% CI 1.08 to 291.82, one study, N = 58) and 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP ) plus sunlight versus psoralen (RR 2.50, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.91, one study, N = 168). In these three studies ginkgo biloba was better than placebo (RR 4.40, 95% CI 1.08 to 17.95, one study, N = 47); clobetasol propionate was better than PUVAsol (PUVA with sunlight) (RR 4.70, 95% CI 1.14 to 19.39, one study, N = 45); split skin grafts with PUVAsol was better than minipunch grafts with PUVAsol (RR 1.89, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.85, one study, N = 64).We performed one meta-analysis of three studies, in which we found a non-significant 60% increase in the proportion of participants achieving >75% repigmentation in favour of NB-UVB compared to PUVA (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.74 to 3.45; I² = 0%).Studies assessing topical preparations, in particular topical corticosteroids, reported most adverse effects. However, in combination studies it was difficult to ascertain which treatment caused these effects. We performed two analyses from a pooled analysis of three studies on adverse effects. Where NB-UVB was compared to PUVA, the NB-UVB group reported less observations of nausea in three studies (RR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.69; I² = 0% three studies, N = 156) and erythema in two studies (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.98; I² = 0%, two studies, N = 106), but not itching in two studies (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.60; I² = 0%, two studies, N = 106).Very few studies only assessed children or included segmental vitiligo. We found one study of psychological interventions but we could not include the outcomes in our statistical analyses. We found no studies evaluating micropigmentation, depigmentation, or cosmetic camouflage. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This review has found some evidence from individual studies to support existing therapies for vitiligo, but the usefulness of the findings is limited by the different designs and outcome measurements and lack of quality of life measures. There is a need for follow-up studies to assess permanence of repigmentation as well as high- quality randomised trials using standardised measures and which also address quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine E Whitton
- c/o Cochrane Skin Group, The University of Nottingham, Room A103, King's Meadow Campus, Lenton Lane, Nottingham, UK, NG7 2NR. .
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Transporter TAP1-637G and immunoproteasome PSMB9-60H variants influence the risk of developing vitiligo in the Saudi population. DISEASE MARKERS 2014. [PMID: 25548428 DOI: 10.1155/2014/260732]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether TAP1-rs1135216 (p.637D>G) and PSMB9-rs17587 (p.60R>H) were significantly associated with the risk and severity of vitiligo among Saudi patients. One hundred seventy-two subjects were genotyped for the TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 variants using endonuclease digestions of amplified genomic DNA. The TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 mutant alleles were strongly associated with vitiligo, with odds ratios showing five fold and two fold risks (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.007, resp.). In TAP1-rs1135216, the 637G mutant allele was more frequent in cases (74%) than in healthy controls. In cases, the 60H mutant allele PSMB9-rs17587 was less frequent (42%) than the wild-type 60R allele (58%). Vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type of disease, associated with the DG (55%) and GG (46%) genotypes for rs1135216 and with the RH genotype (59%) for rs17587. The heterozygous 637DG and 60RH genotypes were each linked with active phenotypes in 64% of cases. In conclusion, the TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 variants are significantly associated with vitiligo, and even one copy of these mutant alleles can influence the risk among Saudis. Vitiligo vulgaris is associated with genotypes containing the mutant G and H alleles.
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Zayed AA, Khorshied MM, Hussein MF. Inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter polymorphism: a molecular susceptibility marker for vitiligo in Egyptians. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:675-9. [PMID: 25556582 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a depigmentary disease characterized by loss of melanocytes from the skin and mucous membranes. The pathomechanism of vitiligo is still obscure. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produces very large amounts of nitric oxide (NO). Promotor polymorphisms within iNOS gene have been reported to be associated with overproduction of NO, which may induce melanocyte destruction. AIM The current study aimed at investigating the possible association between iNOS gene polymorphism (-954 G/C and Ex 16+14 C/T) and susceptibility to non-segmental vitiligo in a cohort of Egyptians. METHODS The study was conducted on 200 participants: 100 patients with vitiligo and 100 aged matched healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction using restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) was used to identify the genotypes. RESULTS Our results showed that iNOS -954 G/C heteromutant genotype (GC) was associated with increased risk of vitiligo (OR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.77-6.33), and the risk increased when confined to females (OR = 7.4, 95% CI = 2.80-19.40). iNOS Ex 16 + 14 C/T heteromutant genotype (CT) conferred two folds increased risk of vitiligo (OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.39-4.37). Furthermore, the risk of vitiligo increased when the heteromutant genotype of iNOS -954 G/C (GC) was co-inherited with the wild genotype of iNOS Ex16+14 C/T (CC) (OR = 23.2, 95% CI = 3.04-177.21). CONCLUSIONS Inducible nitric oxide synthase -954 G/C and Ex 16+14 C/T might be considered as genetic susceptibility markers for non-segmental vitiligo among Egyptians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Zayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa F Hussein
- Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Hwang C, Lin M, Chen T, Chen C, Chu S, Lee D, Chang Y, Liu H. Comorbidity profiles in association with vitiligo: a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:1362-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.T. Chen
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.J. Chen
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; Taichung Veterans General Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
| | - C.Y. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; Wan Fang Hospital; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - M.W. Lin
- Institute of Public Health; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - T.J. Chen
- Department of Family Medicine; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - C.C. Chen
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - S.Y. Chu
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - D.D. Lee
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y.T. Chang
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - H.N. Liu
- Department of Dermatology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; National Defense Medical Center; Taipei Taiwan
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Gopal KVT, Rao GR, Kumar YH. Increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus in Indian vitiligo patients: A case-control study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2014; 5:456-60. [PMID: 25396128 PMCID: PMC4228640 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.142493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Though it is well-known that vitiligo is associated with other autoimmune disorders, few Indian studies have focused on the relation between vitiligo, autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 150 new cases of vitiligo and 100 age and sex-matched controls. A complete history and thorough dermatological examination was done. Serum samples from both patients and controls were collected and assayed for triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, anti-thyroid antibodies—anti-thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin and fasting plasma glucose. Results: Thyroid hormonal profile revealed autoimmune thyroid dysfunction manifesting as hypothyroidism in 30 (20%) vitiligo patients and two controls (2%). Diabetes mellitus was present in 24 (16%) vitiligo patients and five controls. Seven (4.7%) patients had both hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: There is a clear association between vitiligo, autoimmune hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus. It would be very useful to screen for thyroid dysfunction and diabetes mellitus in all patients with vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V T Gopal
- Department of Dermatology, Maharajah's Institute of Medical Sciences, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G Raghurama Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Surya Skin Care and Research Center, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Y Harikishan Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, MVJ Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Garcia-Melendez ME, Salinas-Santander M, Sanchez-Dominguez C, Gonzalez-Cardenas H, Cerda-Flores RM, Ocampo-Candiani J, Ortiz-López R. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 +1858C/T polymorphism is associated with active vitiligo. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1433-1437. [PMID: 25289035 PMCID: PMC4186394 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is characterized by a skin depigmentation disorder resulting from an autoimmune response targeting melanocytes. Within the genetic factors involved in the development of the vitiligo immune response, various genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and non-MHC loci have been considered to be risk factors. The PTPN22 gene encodes for a lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase, a regulator of the activation and development of T-cells. The +1858C/T polymorphism has been associated to autoimmune disease susceptibility in different populations and could be implicated in the onset of vitiligo. To assess the possible association between the presence of PTPN22 +1858C/T and vitiligo, 187 patients with vitiligo and 223 control subjects were analyzed in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated using the salting-out method and samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in order to detect the PTPN22 +1858C/T polymorphism. Causal associations were determined by χ2 test and their respective odds ratio (OR) was assessed in a 2×2 contingency table. The results showed an association between active vitiligo and the allele T load [P=0.0418; OR, 2.5706; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0040-6.5816], and active vitiligo-CT genotype (P=0.0389, OR, 2.6548; 95% CI, 1.0191-6.9156). In conclusion, the present data indicates a possible association between the PTPN22 +1858C/T genotype and a significant susceptibility of developing an active form of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Elena Garcia-Melendez
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Salinas-Santander
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico ; Saltillo Unit Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo CP 25000, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Celia Sanchez-Dominguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Hugo Gonzalez-Cardenas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ricardo M Cerda-Flores
- Nursery School Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Rocío Ortiz-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico ; Molecular Biology, Genomics and Sequencing Unit, Center for Research and Development in the Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, CP 64460, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Ma L, Xue HB, Guan XH, Shu CM, Zhang YJ, Zhang JH, An RZ. Relationship of macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in PBMCs, lesional skin and serum with disease severity and activity in vitiligo vulgaris. Braz J Med Biol Res 2014; 46:460-4. [PMID: 23797494 PMCID: PMC3854402 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanocyte loss in vitiligo vulgaris is believed to be an autoimmune process.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is involved in many autoimmune skin
diseases. We determined the possible role of MIF in the pathogenesis of vitiligo
vulgaris, and describe the relationship between MIF expressions and disease
severity and activity. Serum MIF concentrations and mRNA levels in PBMCs were
measured in 44 vitiligo vulgaris patients and 32 normal controls, using ELISA
and real-time RT-PCR. Skin biopsies from 15 patients and 6 controls were
analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Values are reported as median (25th-75th
percentile). Serum MIF concentrations were significantly increased in patients
[35.81 (10.98-43.66) ng/mL] compared to controls [7.69
(6.01-9.03) ng/mL]. MIF mRNA levels were significantly higher in PBMCs from
patients [7.17 (3.59-8.87)] than controls [1.67
(1.23-2.42)]. There was also a significant difference in MIF mRNA levels in
PBMCs between progressive and stable patients [7.86 (5.85-9.13)
vs 4.33 (2.23-8.39)] and in serum MIF concentrations
[40.47 (27.71-46.79) vs 26.80 (10.55-36.07) ng/mL].
In addition, the vitiligo area severity index scores of patients correlated
positively with changes of both serum MIF concentrations (r = 0.488) and
MIF mRNA levels in PBMCs (r = 0.426). MIF mRNA levels were significantly
higher in lesional than in normal skin [2.43 (2.13-7.59)
vs 1.18 (0.94-1.83)] and in patients in the
progressive stage than in the stable stage [7.52 (2.43-8.84)
vs 2.13 (1.98-2.64)]. These correlations suggest that
MIF participates in the pathogenesis of vitiligo vulgaris and may be useful as
an index of disease severity and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Sun Y, Zuo X, Zheng X, Zhou F, Liang B, Liu H, Chang R, Gao J, Sheng Y, Cui H, Wang W, Andiappan AK, Rotzschke O, Yang S, Sun L, Zhang F, Zhang X, Ren Y, Liu J. A comprehensive association analysis confirms ZMIZ1 to be a susceptibility gene for vitiligo in Chinese population. J Med Genet 2014; 51:345-53. [PMID: 24667117 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2013-102233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ZMIZ1 has been shown to be associated with multiple autoimmune diseases and play a role in the development of melanocyte. The association of ZMIZ1 with vitiligo was also suggested, but the evidence did not reach genome-wide significance and has not been confirmed by independent studies. METHODS A fine mapping analysis of the ZMIZ1 locus was carried out in the dataset of 1117 vitiligo patients and 3437 controls through deep imputation. Ten suggestive SNPs were then analysed in an independent validation cohort of 7458 cases and 7542 controls. SNPs within ZMIZ1 locus were functionally annotated using the ENCODE and RegulomeDB databases and published eQTL dataset of primary immune cells. RESULTS A genome-wide significant association was discovered at rs1408944 (OR(combined)=1.18, p(combined)=1.38E-09) that locates at a DNAse hypersensitivity site and within a Myb_1 motif carried by the binding sites of six overlapping transcription factors (TFs) within the region. Gene Relationships Across Implicated Loci (GRAIL) analysis revealed biological connectivity between ZMIZ1 and previously discovered susceptibility loci for vitiligo as well as the six TFs. CONCLUSIONS Our study has confirmed ZMIZ1 as a novel susceptibility locus for vitiligo and further suggested rs1408944 to be the putative causal variant that potentially interrupts TF binding and thus the transcriptional regulation of ZMIZ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghu Sun
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology at No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Akbas H, Dertlioglu SB, Dilmec F, Atay AE. Lack of Association between PTPN22 Gene +1858 C>T Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Generalized Vitiligo in a Turkish Population. Ann Dermatol 2014; 26:88-91. [PMID: 24648691 PMCID: PMC3956800 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2014.26.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is an autoimmune polygenic disorder characterized by loss of pigmentation due to melanocyte destruction. The PTPN22 gene +1858 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2476601) has been shown to be associated with various autoimmune disorders. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether the PTPN22 gene +1858 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to generalized vitiligo in a Turkish population. METHODS One hundred and seven patients with generalized vitiligo, and one hundred and twelve gender-, age-, and ethnic-matched controls were enrolled in the study. Genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The PTPN22 +1858 C>T genotype and allele frequencies of the generalized vitiligo patients did not differ significantly from those of healthy controls. CONCLUSION We found no association between the PTPN22 +1858 C>T gene polymorphism and vitiligo susceptibility in Turkish generalized-vitiligo patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halit Akbas
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Fuat Dilmec
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Engin Atay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bagcilar Education and Research, İstanbul, Turkey
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Gender differences in clinicoepidemiological features of vitiligo: a cross-sectional analysis. ISRN DERMATOLOGY 2014; 2014:186197. [PMID: 24696786 PMCID: PMC3947737 DOI: 10.1155/2014/186197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background. Vitiligo has important clinical and social consequences particularly in the pigmented skin. The present study was conducted to assess the differences in clinicoepidemiological presentation of vitiligo in males and females and to understand the factors associated with spread of vitiligo in them. Methods. This is a cross-sectional analysis of secondary clinical data of 168 vitiligo patients at a tertiary medical centre at Navi Mumbai. We used logistic regression models to estimate the association between gender and clinical characteristics of vitiligo and to evaluate the factors associated with spread of vitiligo. Results. There were no significant differences between the mean ages of males and females; however, males reported a longer duration of disease (6.9 (10.4) years) compared with females (4.9 (7.4) years). Males were significantly more likely to report a family history of vitiligo compared with females (adjusted OR (aOR): 16.87, 95% CI: 2.16 to 131.69). Even though females were more likely to report spread of lesions, the association was not statistically significant (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.62 to 2.36). Discussion. The differences in the clinical presentations between genders highlight the need to understand the different factors (possibly genetic) that may play a part in the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease in males and females.
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Elhawary NA, Bogari N, Jiffri EH, Rashad M, Fatani A, Tayeb M. Transporter TAP1-637G and immunoproteasome PSMB9-60H variants influence the risk of developing vitiligo in the Saudi population. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:260732. [PMID: 25548428 PMCID: PMC4273470 DOI: 10.1155/2014/260732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated whether TAP1-rs1135216 (p.637D>G) and PSMB9-rs17587 (p.60R>H) were significantly associated with the risk and severity of vitiligo among Saudi patients. One hundred seventy-two subjects were genotyped for the TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 variants using endonuclease digestions of amplified genomic DNA. The TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 mutant alleles were strongly associated with vitiligo, with odds ratios showing five fold and two fold risks (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.007, resp.). In TAP1-rs1135216, the 637G mutant allele was more frequent in cases (74%) than in healthy controls. In cases, the 60H mutant allele PSMB9-rs17587 was less frequent (42%) than the wild-type 60R allele (58%). Vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type of disease, associated with the DG (55%) and GG (46%) genotypes for rs1135216 and with the RH genotype (59%) for rs17587. The heterozygous 637DG and 60RH genotypes were each linked with active phenotypes in 64% of cases. In conclusion, the TAP1-rs1135216 and PSMB9-rs17587 variants are significantly associated with vitiligo, and even one copy of these mutant alleles can influence the risk among Saudis. Vitiligo vulgaris is associated with genotypes containing the mutant G and H alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Attia Elhawary
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 57543, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
- 2Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Genetics Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- *Nasser Attia Elhawary:
| | - Neda Bogari
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 57543, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Hussien Jiffri
- 3Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Rashad
- 4Department of Pediatrics, Al-Qatif Central Hospital, Dammam 31911, Saudi Arabia
- 5Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdulhamid Fatani
- 6National Guard Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Tayeb
- 1Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 57543, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Laddha NC, Dwivedi M, Gani AR, Shajil EM, Begum R. Involvement of superoxide dismutase isoenzymes and their genetic variants in progression of and higher susceptibility to vitiligo. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:1110-1125. [PMID: 24036105 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated as the initial triggering event in vitiligo pathogenesis leading to melanocyte destruction. Here, we report a significant increase in oxidative stress in vitiligo patients as evidenced by high lipid peroxidation levels suggesting an imbalance in the antioxidant enzyme system as reported in our previous studies. This study examined the role of the enzymatic antioxidant SOD, which converts the pro-oxidant superoxide into H2O2, in vitiligo pathogenesis. The activity of three isoforms of SOD, i.e., SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3, was significantly higher in vitiligo patients. To identify the underlying mechanism for the increase in activities of SOD isoforms, we explored the SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3 genes for their genetic variations and transcript levels. The SOD2 Thr58Ile (rs35289490) and Leu84Phe (rs11575993) polymorphisms were significantly associated with vitiligo patients, and the Val16Ala (rs4880) polymorphism was associated with active vitiligo patients. Interestingly, SOD2 activity was contributed by these polymorphisms along with its increase in transcript levels in patients. SOD3 activity was associated with the Arg213Gly (rs8192291) polymorphism. The SOD3 transcript levels were also increased in patients, which might contribute to the increased SOD3 activity. However, we could not establish the genotype-phenotype correlation for SOD1 as we could not detect any novel or reported SNPs in SOD1. In addition, both transcript and protein levels of SOD1 were unchanged between patients and controls, though SOD1 activity was increased in patients. Activities of SOD isoforms also correlated with progression of the disease as the activity was higher in active cases of vitiligo compared to stable cases. Here, we report that SOD2 and SOD3 polymorphisms may be genetic risk factors for susceptibility and progression of vitiligo and hence the genetic makeup of an individual may form a basis for the effective treatment of the disease. Overall, our results suggest that increased activity of SOD isoforms under the influence of genetic factors may lead to accumulation of H2O2 in cytoplasmic, mitochondrial, and extracellular compartments resulting in oxidative damage to the melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh C Laddha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Mitesh Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Amina R Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - E M Shajil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
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