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Rafiyian M, Reiter RJ, Rasooli Manesh SM, Asemi R, Sharifi M, Mohammadi S, Mansournia MA, Asemi Z. Programmed cell death and melatonin: A comprehensive review. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:169. [PMID: 39313718 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT), a main product of pineal gland, recently has attracted the attention of scientists due to its benefits in various diseases and also regulation of cellular homeostasis. Its receptor scares widely distributed indicating that it influences numerous organs. Programmed cell death (PCD), of which there several types, is a regulated by highly conserved mechanisms and important for development and function of different organs. Enhancement or inhibition of PCDs could be a useful technique for treatment of different diseases and MLT, due to its direct effects on these pathways, is a good candidate for this strategy. Many studies investigated the role of MLT on PCDs in different diseases and in this review, we summarized some of the most significant studies in this field to provide a better insight into the mechanisms of modulation of PCD by MLT modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rafiyian
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Reiter Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health. Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | | | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sotoudeh Mohammadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Farag HI, Murphy BA, Templeman JR, Hanlon C, Joshua J, Koch TG, Niel L, Shoveller AK, Bedecarrats GY, Ellison A, Wilcockson D, Martino TA. One Health: Circadian Medicine Benefits Both Non-human Animals and Humans Alike. J Biol Rhythms 2024; 39:237-269. [PMID: 38379166 PMCID: PMC11141112 DOI: 10.1177/07487304241228021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Circadian biology's impact on human physical health and its role in disease development and progression is widely recognized. The forefront of circadian rhythm research now focuses on translational applications to clinical medicine, aiming to enhance disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment responses. However, the field of circadian medicine has predominantly concentrated on human healthcare, neglecting its potential for transformative applications in veterinary medicine, thereby overlooking opportunities to improve non-human animal health and welfare. This review consists of three main sections. The first section focuses on the translational potential of circadian medicine into current industry practices of agricultural animals, with a particular emphasis on horses, broiler chickens, and laying hens. The second section delves into the potential applications of circadian medicine in small animal veterinary care, primarily focusing on our companion animals, namely dogs and cats. The final section explores emerging frontiers in circadian medicine, encompassing aquaculture, veterinary hospital care, and non-human animal welfare and concludes with the integration of One Health principles. In summary, circadian medicine represents a highly promising field of medicine that holds the potential to significantly enhance the clinical care and overall health of all animals, extending its impact beyond human healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham I. Farag
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Barbara A. Murphy
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James R. Templeman
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Charlene Hanlon
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Jessica Joshua
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas G. Koch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Niel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Anna K. Shoveller
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Amy Ellison
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - David Wilcockson
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Tami A. Martino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Cardiovascular Investigations, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Cardinali DP. Melatonin as a chronobiotic/cytoprotective agent in bone. Doses involved. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12931. [PMID: 38083808 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Because the chronobiotic and cytoprotective molecule melatonin diminishes with age, its involvement in postmenopausal and senescence pathology has been considered since long. One relevant melatonin target site in aging individuals is bone where melatonin chronobiotic effects mediated by MT1 and MT2 receptors are demonstrable. Precursors of bone cells located in bone marrow are exposed to high quantities of melatonin and the possibility arises that melatonin acts a cytoprotective compound via an autacoid effect. Proteins that are incorporated into the bone matrix, like procollagen type I c-peptide, augment after melatonin exposure. Melatonin augments osteoprotegerin, an osteoblastic protein that inhibits the differentiation of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are target cells for melatonin as they degrade bone partly by generating free radicals. Osteoclast activity and bone resorption are impaired via the free radical scavenger properties of melatonin. The administration of melatonin in chronobiotic doses (less than 10 mg daily) is commonly used in clinical studies on melatonin effect on bone. However, human equivalent doses allometrically derived from animal studies are in the 1-1.5 mg/kg/day range for a 75 kg human adult, a dose rarely used clinically. In view of the absence of toxicity of melatonin in phase 1 pharmacological studies with doses up to 100 mg in normal volunteers, further investigation is needed to determine whether high melatonin doses have higher therapeutic efficacy in preventing bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cardinali
- CENECON, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Karkehabadi H, Abbasi R, Najafi R, Khoshbin E. The effects of melatonin on the viability and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8959-8969. [PMID: 37715020 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An experimental study was conducted to examine whether melatonin influences osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human stem cells derived from the apical papilla (hSCAPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to isolate hSCAPs, the undeveloped root of a third molar of a human tooth was used. Melatonin was administered to the experimental groups in an osteogenic medium. No treatment was administered to the control group. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed on days 1, 2, and 3 to assess cell viability (n = 8). A determination of odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation was accomplished using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity alizarin red staining (ARS) (n = 6), and the expression of osteogenic genes by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (n = 3) on days 1, 2, and 7. Evaluation of the data was conducted using SPSS version 18. All experiments were conducted at least three times. The Mann Whitney U test, the ANOVA analysis, Tukey's test, and t-test was implemented to analyze the data (α = 0.05). RESULTS After 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, No significant difference was observed between the control group and the melatonin treatment group in terms of viability of hSCAPs. (from 1 up to 10 µg/ml) (P > 0.05). The assessment of ARS and ALP activity showed that melatonin treatment enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hSCAPs (P < 0.001). Melatonin treatment caused hSCAPs to show an increase of genes related to osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. These genes included ALP, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), and bone sialoprotein (BSP) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Melatonin treatment enhanced osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of hSCAPs with a dose dependent effect on cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roshanak Abbasi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Medical Molecular & Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Elham Khoshbin
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Hamadan Dental School, Shahid Fahmideh Street, PO Box 6517838677, Hamadan, Iran.
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Drobnik M, Tomaszewska A, Ryżko J, Kędzia A, Gałdyszyńska M, Piera L, Rydel J, Szymański J, Drobnik J. Melatonin increases collagen content accumulation and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 secretion in cultured human cardiac fibroblasts. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:560-569. [PMID: 37188903 PMCID: PMC10227126 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix serves as a scaffold for cardiomyocytes, allowing them to work in accord. In rats, collagen metabolism within a myocardial infarction scar is regulated by melatonin. The present study determines whether melatonin influences matrix metabolism within human cardiac fibroblast cultures and examines the underlying mechanism. METHODS The experiments were performed on cultures of cardiac fibroblasts. The Woessner method, 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative PCR were used in the study. RESULTS Melatonin treatment lowered the total cell count within the culture, elevated necrotic and apoptotic cell count as well as augmented cardiac fibroblast proliferation, and increased total, intracellular, and extracellular collagen within the fibroblast culture; it also elevated type III procollagen α1 chain expression, without increasing procollagen type I mRNA production. The pineal hormone did not influence matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) release or glycosaminoglycan accumulation by cardiac fibroblasts. Melatonin increased the release of Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) by human cardiac fibroblasts, but cardiotrophin release was not influenced. CONCLUSION Within human cardiac fibroblast culture, collagen metabolism is regulated by melatonin. The profibrotic effect of melatonin depends on the elevation of procollagen type III gene expression, and this could be modified by FGF-2. Two parallel processes, viz., cell elimination and proliferation, induced by melatonin, lead to excessive replacement of cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Drobnik
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tomaszewska
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Ryżko
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kędzia
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gałdyszyńska
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Lucyna Piera
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Justyna Rydel
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Szymański
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Drobnik
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue Metabolism, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752, Lodz, Poland.
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Lin IP, Chang PC. Physiological reaction of anxious patients taking sedative medications before and after periodontal surgery. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:345-352. [PMID: 36643220 PMCID: PMC9831853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Clinicians use sedatives for anxiety patients at times in daily practice, but the direct influence of the medication on the wound healing of periodontal tissues is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the short-term administration of diazepam to patients with dental anxiety undergoing free gingival graft (FGG) procedures. Materials and methods A total of 51 FGG procedures in 39 patients were included. Twenty-six anxious patients medicated with 5 mg of diazepam from the night before surgery to 7 days after surgery served as the medication group, and the rest served as the control group. Direct examination, photographs and H2O2 were used to evaluate the healing of palatal wounds. Stress levels and sleep quality, and salivary melatonin levels were assessed. Results On Day 14, complete epithelization of the wounds was noted in 48.39% of the patients in the medication group and 35.29% of the patients in the control group. Regardless of whether they receive medication or not, groups with complete epithelialization by Day 14 had higher levels of preoperative melatonin than those without, with a P value of 0.02. The postoperative melatonin in the medication group tended to present higher levels than the control group. Conclusion Higher preoperative melatonin levels can accelerate wound healing. The short-term administration of the diazepam seemed to facilitate palatal wound healing by reducing stress and maintaining postoperative melatonin levels. This is the first time the relationships between sedatives, melatonin levels and palatal wound healing has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ping Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Corresponding author. Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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Hazzaa HH, Attia MS, Shiekh MAE, Grawish ME, Ghoneim MMI, Adly NM, Shams NS, El-Mahdy MA, Elewa GM. Use of Melatonin/Decorticotomy and Autogenous Bone Graft in Induced 1-Wall Defect. Int Dent J 2022:S0020-6539(22)00258-1. [PMID: 36543730 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the effect of intramarrow penetration (IMP) and 1% melatonin (MLN) gel on the remodelling process of autogenous bone graft (ABG) in an induced 1-osseous wall defect model. METHODS Sixty-four intrabony induced mandibular defects were created on the distal side of premolars-P1, P2, P3, and P4 (on each side)-in 8 beagle dogs. A ligature-induced periodontitis was initiated in each defect. Defects were then divided into 4 equal groups. Group I was treated with open-flap debridement (OFD) alone, group II was treated with OFD/ABG, group III was treated with OFD/IMP/ABG, and group IV was treated with OFD/ABG/IMP/1% MLN gel. The study parameters were bone fill, histologic analysis, and immunohistochemical evaluation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression at 2-week (2W) and 8-week (8W) time intervals. RESULTS At 8W, significant differences were revealed amongst all groups regarding the amount of bone fill and eNOS expressions (P < .001). Bone fill percentages were 55.5%, 22.3%, 16.8%, and 0% in groups IV, III, II, and I, respectively. eNOS expressions were 1.68 ± 0.06, 8.43 ± 0.04, 16.80 ± 0.17, and 1.97 ± 0.07 in groups IV, III, II, and I, respectively. The favourable results were in line with group IV. CONCLUSIONS According to these preliminary results, defects treated by ABG augmented with IMP and 1% MLN gel revealed a greater amount of bone fill and reduced eNOS expression. This combination is therefore highly suggested as an adjunct to ABG.
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Montarele LF, Pitol DL, Pereira BF, Feldman S, Fazan VPS, Issa JPM. Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Effects of Topical Melatonin Treatment Associated with Collagen Sponge and rhBMP-2 Protein on Bone Remodeling. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121738. [PMID: 36551166 PMCID: PMC9775039 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive bone defect healing is an important health issue not yet completely resolved. Different alternative treatments have been proposed but, in face of a critical bone defect, it is still very difficult to reach a complete regeneration, with the new-formed bone presenting all morphological and physiological characteristics of a normal, preinjury bone. Topical melatonin use has shown as a promising adjuvant for bone regeneration due to its positive effects on bone metabolism. Thus, to search for new, safe, biological techniques that promote bone repair and favor defect healing, we hypothesized that there is a synergistic effect of melatonin treatment associated with rhBMP-2 to guide bone regeneration. This study aimed to investigate bone repair effects of topical melatonin administration in different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 µg), associated or not with rhBMP-2. Surgical-induced bone defect healing was qualitatively evaluated through histopathological analysis by light microscopy. Additionally, quantitative stereology was performed in immunohistochemistry-prepared tissue to identify angiogenic, osteogenic, and osteoclastogenic factors. Quantification data were compared between groups by the ANOVA/Tukey test and differences were considered significant when p < 0.05. Our results showed that the presence of the scaffold in the bone defect hindered the process of bone repair because in the group treated with "blood clot + scaffold" the results of bone formation and immunolabeling were reduced in comparison with all other groups (treated with melatonin alone or in association with rhBMP-2). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the control group (bone defect + blood clot), and groups treated with different concentrations of melatonin in association with rhBMP-2, indicating a positive effect of the association for bone repair. This treatment is promising once it becomes a new safe alternative technique for the clinical treatment of fractures, bone defects, and bone grafts. Our results support the hypothesis of the safe use of the association of melatonin and rhBMP-2 and have established a safe and effective dose for this experimental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Ferreira Montarele
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FORP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Dimitrius Leonardo Pitol
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FORP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Bruno Fiorelini Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federeal de São Paulo—UNIFESP, Diadema 05468-901, Brazil
| | - Sara Feldman
- LABOATEM, Laboratório de Biologia e Engenharia de Tecidos, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nacional de Rosário, Rosário S2002, Argentina
| | - Valéria Paula Sassoli Fazan
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Mardegan Issa
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (FORP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Wang C, Wang L, Wang X, Cao Z. Beneficial Effects of Melatonin on Periodontitis Management: Far More Than Oral Cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314541. [PMID: 36498871 PMCID: PMC9739298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis as a highly prevalent chronic infection/inflammatory disease can eventually lead to tooth loss and masticatory dysfunction. It also has a negative impact on general health and largely impairs quality of life. The tissue destruction during periodontitis is mainly caused by the excessive immune-inflammatory response; hence, how to modulate the host's reaction is of profound importance for effective periodontal treatment and tissue protection. Melatonin, as an endogenous hormone exhibiting multiple biological functions such as circadian rhythm regulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation, has been widely used in general healthcare. Notably, the past few years have witnessed increasing evidence for the application of melatonin as an adjunctive approach in the treatment of periodontitis and periodontitis-related systemic comorbidities. The detailed underlying mechanisms and more verification from clinical practice are still lacking, however, and further investigations are highly required. Importantly, it is essential to establish standard guidelines in the near future for the clinical administration of melatonin for periodontal health and general wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence:
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Impact of Melatonin on RAW264.7 Macrophages during Mechanical Strain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113397. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of melatonin is elevated during the night when patients mainly wear removable orthodontic appliances. Next to periodontal ligament fibroblasts and osteoblasts, macrophages react to mechanical strain with an increased expression of inflammatory mediators. Here, we investigated the impact of melatonin on RAW264.7 macrophages exposed to tensile or compressive strain occurring during orthodontic tooth movement in the periodontal ligament. Before exposure to mechanical strain for 4 h, macrophages were pre-incubated with different melatonin concentrations for 24 h, to determine the dependence of melatonin concentration. Afterwards, we performed experiments with and without mechanical strain, the most effective melatonin concentration (25 µM), and the melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) specific antagonist 4P-PDOT. The expression of inflammatory genes and proteins was investigated by RT-qPCR, ELISAs, and immunoblot. Both tensile and compressive strain increased the expression of the investigated inflammatory factors interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2. This effect was inhibited by the addition of melatonin. Incubation with 4P-PDOT blocked this anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin. Melatonin had an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages exposed to mechanical strain, independent of the type of mechanical strain. As inhibition was possible with 4P-PDOT, the MT2 receptor might be involved in the regulation of the observed effects.
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Abstract
The pineal gland is a interface between light-dark cycle and shows neuro-endocrine functions. Melatonin is the primary hormone of pineal gland, secreted at night. The night-time melatonin peak regulates the physiological functions at dark. Melatonin has several unique features as it synchronises internal rhythm with daily and seasonal variations, regulates circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Physiologically melatonin involves in detoxification of free radicals, immune functions, neuro-protection, oncostatic effects, cardiovascular functions, reproduction, and foetal development. The precise functions of melatonin are exhibited by specific receptors. In relation to pathophysiology, impaired melatonin secretion promotes sleep disorder, cancer progression, type-2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have highlighted the therapeutic benefits of melatonin specially related to cancer protection, sleep disorder, psychiatric disorders, and jet lag problems. This review will touch the most of the area of melatonin-oriented health impacts and its therapeutic aspects.
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Munmun F, Mohiuddin OA, Hoang VT, Burow ME, Bunnell BA, Sola VM, Carpentieri AR, Witt-Enderby PA. The role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated actions on osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, bone microarchitecture, biomechanics, and bone formation. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12814. [PMID: 35674448 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, the primary hormone involved in circadian entrainment, plays a significant role in bone physiology. This study aimed to assess the role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated actions in mouse and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and on bone using small-molecule inhibitors and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approaches. Consistent with in vitro studies performed in mMSCs and hMSCs, nightly (25 mg/kg, i.p., 45 days) injections with PD184352 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) or Bix02189 (MEK5 inhibitor) or SC-1-151 (MEK1/2/5 inhibitor) demonstrated that MEK1/2 and MEK5 were the primary drivers underlying melatonin's actions on bone density, microarchitecture (i.e., trabecular number, separation, and connectivity density), and bone mechanical properties (i.e., ultimate stress) through increases in osteogenic (RUNX2, BMP-2, FRA-1, OPG) expression and decreases in PPARγ. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of MEK1 or MEK5 in mMSCs seeded on PLGA scaffolds and placed into critical-size calvarial defects in Balb(c) mice (male and female) revealed that treatment with melatonin (15 mg/L; p.o., nightly, 90 days) mediates sex-specific actions of MEK1 and MEK5 in new bone formation. This study is the first to demonstrate a role for MEK1/2 and MEK5 in modulating melatonin-mediated actions on bone formation in vivo and in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Omair A Mohiuddin
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Van T Hoang
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Veronica M Sola
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Odontology, National University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Agata R Carpentieri
- Faculty of Odontology, National University of Cordoba and National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET); Institute for Health Sciences Research (INICSA), Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Ravi Kiran S, Bammidi N, Kumar AK, Kumar PS, Karnam Y. Evaluation of the Effect of Topical Melatonin Application on Immediately Placed Dental Implants Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Cureus 2022; 14:e25233. [PMID: 35755538 PMCID: PMC9217677 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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14
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Tsai YL, Yen CT, Wang YF. Astrocyte Dysregulation and Calcium Ion Imbalance May Link the Development of Osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:439-445. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The typical symptoms of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation. However, recent studies show that these symptoms are not the cause of the disease but are generated after the pathogenesis. Compared with other types of dementia, AD has the obvious features of pineal gland calcification and decreased melatonin production. The pineal gland is mainly composed of pinealocytes that release melatonin and astrocytes. Astrocytes function to maintain a balanced concentration of calcium ions, provide nerve cell nutrients, and migrate nutrients in vivo. Calcium ions are among the most important neurotransmitters. Once triggered, a calcium wave can be formed between astrocytes to activate other astrocytes to transmit information. Most calcium is stored in the skeleton. Bone tissue is composed mainly of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Of these, osteocyte is a kind of astrocyte which regulates the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The pineal gland is composed mainly of astrocytes; osteocytes are also a kind of astrocyte. Therefore, we conclude that when astrocytes are gradually disabled, calcium may be lost from the bones, prompting osteoporosis. The calcium ions then released into the blood may accumulate and cause ectopic calcification in the pineal gland, which promotes the occurrence of AD. Finally, this study used aspects of drugs and hormones (bone and calcium metabolism hormones and melatonin) to infer the hypothesis, which proposes that astrocyte dysregulation promotes the long-term imbalance of calcium ions in vivo and leads to osteoporosis and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Liang Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Tsung Yen
- Department of Neurology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Feng Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of Preventive Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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KUNDAK K, YARAT A, DOĞAN B, KURU L. Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on Salivary Melatonin Levels. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1053211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Melatonin, a hormone secreted predominantly by pineal gland in a circadian manner, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The current research is conducted to explore the influence of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on levels of salivary melatonin in subjects with gingivitis and periodontitis. Methods: Sixty systemically healthy participants were included in this study; the groups are as follows: gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) and periodontally healthy (H). NSPT was applied to G group patients for 2 sessions, to CP and GAP group patients for 4 sessions. Plaque and gingival indices, probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were documented at baseline and 3 months post – treatment and early morning salivary samples were collected. ELISA was used to detect melatonin levels in saliva. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was performed to evaluate of sleep quality of patients. Results: At baseline, significant difference in gingival index, PD, BOP and CAL values was detected among all groups (p
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra KUNDAK
- MARMARA UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
| | - Ayşen YARAT
- MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ
| | - Başak DOĞAN
- MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ
| | - Leyla KURU
- MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ
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16
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17
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Expression of arylalkylamine n-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase (ASMT) in the corpus luteum of pregnant sows and synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 388:167-179. [PMID: 34816281 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, melatonin is mainly synthesized from serotonin in the pineal gland. Many reports have documented that melatonin is also synthesized in the extra-pineal tissues, but the synthesis of melatonin in the corpus luteum (CL) of pregnant sows has never been studied. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the expression of melatonin-synthesizing enzymes, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), in the CL of sows during pregnancy and to investigate the synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells. Results showed that AANAT and ASMT were both expressed in the CL of sows during pregnancy, higher levels were observed in the early- and mid-stage CL, and the lowest abundance was found in the regressing CL (later-stage). The immunostaining for AANAT and ASMT was predominantly localized in the large luteal cells of porcine CL during pregnancy. Furthermore, melatonin was synthesized in luteal cells from serotonin in a dose- and time-dependent manner. And the expressions of AANAT and ASMT were upregulated by serotonin in luteal cells. In addition, progesterone (P4) secretion and cell viability were promoted in luteal cells treated with serotonin, and the stimulatory effects were blocked by luzindole (a non-selective MT1 and MT2 antagonist). Finally, the expressions of MT1 and MT2 were augmented by serotonin in luteal cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time the developmental expression of AANAT and ASMT in the CL and a local synthesis of melatonin in luteal cells of pregnant sows, and suggests a paracrine and/or autocrine role for melatonin in luteal function.
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Winter EM, Kooijman S, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Meijer OC, Rensen PC, Schilperoort M. Chronobiology and Chronotherapy of Osteoporosis. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10504. [PMID: 34693186 PMCID: PMC8520066 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological circadian (ie, 24-hour) rhythms are critical for bone health. Animal studies have shown that genes involved in the intrinsic molecular clock demonstrate potent circadian expression patterns in bone and that genetic disruption of these clock genes results in a disturbed bone structure and quality. More importantly, circulating markers of bone remodeling show diurnal variation in mice as well as humans, and circadian disruption by, eg, working night shifts is associated with the bone remodeling disorder osteoporosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature on rhythmic bone remodeling and its underlying mechanisms and identify critical knowledge gaps. In addition, we discuss novel (chrono)therapeutic strategies to reduce osteoporosis by utilizing our knowledge on circadian regulation of bone. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Natasha M Appelman-Dijkstra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Cn Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Schilperoort
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine Leiden The Netherlands
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The potential role of melatonin in retarding intervertebral disc ageing and degeneration: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101394. [PMID: 34139338 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative disease of the musculoskeletal system that develops with age. It is regarded as the main cause of chronic low back pain in the elderly. IDD has various causes, including ageing, mechanical overloading, and nutritional deficiency. Melatonin is a pleiotropic indole hormone secreted by the pineal gland and plays an important role in resisting various degenerative diseases. The serum levels of melatonin decline with age and are reported to be negatively correlated with the symptomatic and histopathological scores of IDD. In vivo studies have shown that exogenous administration of melatonin could maintain the structural integrity of the intervertebral disc and inhibit the development of IDD. Mechanistically, by interacting with its membrane or intracellular receptors, melatonin can promote autophagic flux, scavenge free radicals, inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory factors, and block apoptotic pathways, thereby enhancing anti-stress abilities and matrix anabolism in different types of disc cells. Therefore, melatonin supplementation may be a promising therapeutic strategy for IDD. This review aimed to summarize the latest findings regarding the therapeutic potential of melatonin in IDD.
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Munmun F, Witt-Enderby PA. Melatonin effects on bone: Implications for use as a therapy for managing bone loss. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12749. [PMID: 34085304 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is the primary circadian output signal from the brain and is mainly synthesized in pinealocytes. The rhythm and secretion of melatonin are under the control of an endogenous oscillator located in the SCN or the master biological clock. Disruptions in circadian rhythms by shift work, aging, or light at night are associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. Restoration of nocturnal melatonin peaks to normal levels or therapeutic levels through timed melatonin supplementation has been demonstrated to provide bone-protective actions in various models. Melatonin is a unique molecule with diverse molecular actions targeting melatonin receptors located on the plasma membrane or mitochondria or acting independently of receptors through its actions as an antioxidant or free radical scavenger to stimulate osteoblastogenesis, inhibit osteoclastogenesis, and improve bone density. Its additional actions on entraining circadian rhythms and improving quality of life in an aging population coupled with its safety profile make it an ideal therapeutic candidate for protecting against bone loss in susceptible populations. The intent of this review is to provide a focused discussion on bone loss and disorders of the bone as it relates to melatonin and conditions that modify melatonin levels with the hope that future therapies include those that include melatonin and correct those factors that modify melatonin levels like circadian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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21
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Hao EY, Wang DH, Chang LY, Huang CX, Chen H, Yue QX, Zhou RY, Huang RL. Melatonin regulates chicken granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis by activating the mTOR signaling pathway via its receptors. Poult Sci 2020; 99:6147-6162. [PMID: 33142533 PMCID: PMC7647829 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a key regulator of follicle granular cell maturation and ovulation. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays an important role in cell growth regulation. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether the mTOR signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of melatonin-mediated proliferation and apoptotic mechanisms in granulosa cells. Chicken follicle granular cells were cultured with melatonin (0, 2, 20, or 200 μmol/L) for 48 h. The results showed that melatonin treatment enhanced proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in granular cells at 20 μmol/L and 200 μmol/L (P < 0.05) by upregulation of cyclin D1 (P < 0.01) and Bcl-2 (P < 0.01) and downregulation of P21, caspase-3, Beclin1, and LC3-II (P < 0.01). The effects resulted in the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway by increasing the expression of avTOR, PKC, 4E-BP1, S6K (P < 0.05), p-mTOR, and p-S6K. We added an mTOR activator and inhibitor to the cells and identified the optimal dose (10 μmol/L MHY1485 and 100 nmol/L rapamycin) for subsequent experiments. The combination of 20 μmol/L melatonin and 10 μmol/L MHY1485 significantly enhanced granulosa cell proliferation (P < 0.05), while 100 nmol/L rapamycin significantly inhibited proliferation and enhanced apoptosis (P < 0.05), but this action was reversed in the 20-μmol/L melatonin and 100-nmol/L rapamycin cotreatment groups (P < 0.05). This was confirmed by mRNA and protein expression that was associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy (P < 0.05). The combination of 20 μmol/L melatonin and 10 μmol/L MHY1485 also activated the mTOR pathway upstream genes PI3K, AKT1, and AKT2 and downstream genes PKC, 4E-BP1, and S6K (P < 0.05), as well as protein expression of p-mTOR and p-S6K. Rapamycin significantly inhibited the mTOR pathway-related genes mRNA levels (P < 0.05). In addition, activation of the mTOR pathway increased melatonin receptor mRNA levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that melatonin regulates chicken granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis by activating the mTOR signaling pathway via its receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - De-He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Li-Yun Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Chen-Xuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China.
| | - Qiao-Xian Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Rong-Yan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
| | - Ren-Lu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding Hebei 071001, China
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Crosstalk of Brain and Bone-Clinical Observations and Their Molecular Bases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144946. [PMID: 32668736 PMCID: PMC7404044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As brain and bone disorders represent major health issues worldwide, substantial clinical investigations demonstrated a bidirectional crosstalk on several levels, mechanistically linking both apparently unrelated organs. While multiple stress, mood and neurodegenerative brain disorders are associated with osteoporosis, rare genetic skeletal diseases display impaired brain development and function. Along with brain and bone pathologies, particularly trauma events highlight the strong interaction of both organs. This review summarizes clinical and experimental observations reported for the crosstalk of brain and bone, followed by a detailed overview of their molecular bases. While brain-derived molecules affecting bone include central regulators, transmitters of the sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory nervous system, bone-derived mediators altering brain function are released from bone cells and the bone marrow. Although the main pathways of the brain-bone crosstalk remain ‘efferent’, signaling from brain to bone, this review emphasizes the emergence of bone as a crucial ‘afferent’ regulator of cerebral development, function and pathophysiology. Therefore, unraveling the physiological and pathological bases of brain-bone interactions revealed promising pharmacologic targets and novel treatment strategies promoting concurrent brain and bone recovery.
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Zhang W, Chen J, Zhao Y, Zheng Z, Song Y, Wang H, Tong D. The inhibitory effect of melatonin on mammary function of lactating dairy goats†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:455-467. [PMID: 30346485 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct role of melatonin in mammary glands of dairy goats has remained obscure. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of melatonin membrane receptors (MT1 and MT2) in the pituitary and mammary glands of dairy goats during lactation, and to investigate the role of melatonin in mammary function. Both MT1 and MT2 were consistently expressed in the pituitary and mammary eight glands throughout the lactation period, and their levels were lower in 9 March (group I), June (group III), and September (group V) than in May (group II) and August (group IV). The expression patterns of pituitary and mammary MT1 and MT2 were consistent with those of blood melatonin during lactation. Furthermore, the mammary prolactin (PRL), and pituitary growth hormone (GH) and PRL mRNA expression showed an inverse trend in relation to blood melatonin levels. In mammary tissues, MT1 and MT2 immunoreactivity was predominantly located in the mammary epithelial cells (MECs). In addition, a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on cell viability was observed in cultured MECs. At the dose of 10 and 100 pg/ml, melatonin decreased mammary β-casein and PRL expression. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of melatonin were blocked by luzindole, a nonselective MT1 and MT2 receptor antagonist. In addition, melatonin promoted MT1 and MT2 expression in cultured MECs. In conclusion, the presence of MT1 and MT2 in the pituitary and mammary glands and the inhibitory effects of melatonin on cell viability, β-casein, and PRL expression in MECs suggest the potential regulation by melatonin in goat mammary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jinxuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanliang Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Zhou Y, Wang C, Si J, Wang B, Zhang D, Ding D, Zhang J, Wang H. Melatonin up-regulates bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic action but suppresses their mediated osteoclastogenesis via MT 2 -inactivated NF-κB pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2106-2122. [PMID: 31900938 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Melatonin is a neurohormone involved in bone homeostasis. Melatonin directs bone remodelling and the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in the regulating melatonin-mediated bone formation-resorption balance remains undefined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Osteoporosis models were established and bone tissue and serum were collected to test the effects of melatonin on bone homeostasis. Melatonin receptors were knocked down, the NF-κB signalling pathway and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression were investigated. Communication between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteoclasts was detected with direct-contact or indirect-contact system. KEY RESULTS Bone loss and microstructure disorder in mice were reversed after melatonin treatment, as a result of anabolic and anti-resorptive effects. In vitro, a physiological (low) concentration of melatonin promoted the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteogenic lineage commitment and extracellular mineralization but had no impact on extracellular matrix synthesis. After MT knockdown, especially MT2 , the positive effects of melatonin on osteogenesis were attenuated. The canonical NF-κB signalling pathway was the first discovered downstream signalling pathway after MT receptor activation and was found to be down-regulated by melatonin during osteogenesis. Melatonin suppressed BMMSC-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting RANKL production in BMMSCs and this effect only occurred when BMMSCs and osteoclast precursors were co-cultured in an indirect-contact manner. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our work suggests that melatonin plays a crucial role in bone balance, significantly accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by suppressing the MT2 -dependent NF-κB signalling pathway, and down-regulates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL paracrine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Si
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baixiang Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Denghui Zhang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ding Ding
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Melatonin as an Agent for Direct Pulp-Capping Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031043. [PMID: 32041360 PMCID: PMC7037898 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin plays an essential role in the regulation of bone growth. The actions that melatonin exerts on odontoblasts may be similar to its action on osteoblasts. This research aimed to evaluate the pulp response to melatonin used for direct pulp capping to evaluate the antioxidant effect of melatonin administered orally and its influence on dental pulp. Direct pulp capping was performed on the upper molars of Sprague Dawley rats using melatonin or Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). The study groups were: MTA; Melatonin; MTA + Melatonin administered orally; and Melatonin + Melatonin administered orally. In the latter two groups, the animals drank water dosed with melatonin ad libitum (10 mg/100 mL). After 30 days, the animals were sacrificed, and 5 ml of blood, the kidneys, and the liver were extracted in order to evaluate oxidative stress using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances testing (TBARS). Fragments of the maxilla containing the study molars were prepared for histological evaluation. The degree of pulp inflammation and pulp necrosis, the presence of reparative dentin and dentin bridging the pulp chamber, the presence and regularity of the odontoblastic layer, and the presence of pulp fibrosis were evaluated. No significant differences were found between the four study groups for any of the studied histological variables. The oral administration of melatonin did not modify the local effects of MTA or melatonin on dental pulp, or reduce basal-level oxidative stress. The effect of melatonin on pulp is similar to that of MTA and may be used as an agent for direct pulp capping.
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Jiang T, Xia C, Chen X, Hu Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Chen S, Gao Y. Melatonin promotes the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by activating the AMPK/β-catenin signalling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:408. [PMID: 31864412 PMCID: PMC6925474 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in maintaining the dynamic balance of bone metabolism. Melatonin may have a regulatory effect on bone metabolism by regulating the lineage commitment and differentiation signalling pathways of MSCs. Among the BMP families, the osteogenesis of BMP9 is considered to be one of the strongest in MSCs. Here, we explored whether melatonin and BMP9 act synergistically on MSC osteogenic differentiation. Methods The C3H10T1/2 osteogenic differentiation function induced by melatonin synergizes with BMP9, as detected by the expression of osteogenic markers at different periods. The result was further confirmed by foetal limb explant culture and in vivo stem cell implantation experiments. The effects of the AMPK/β-catenin pathway on the osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells were evaluated by Western blotting. Results Melatonin combined with BMP9 significantly enhanced the expression of osteogenic markers at different periods in C3H10T1/2 cells, effectively enhancing BMP9-induced bone formation in cultured foetal explants and ectopic bone formation in vivo in stem cell transplantation experiments. Melatonin increases the expression of BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells and induces Smad1/5/8 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, melatonin and BMP9 synergistically promote AMPK and β-catenin phosphorylation, which can be largely eliminated by AMPK siRNA pretreatment. Conclusions Melatonin and BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells synergistically promote osteogenic differentiation at least in part by activating the AMPK/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chao Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Lu KH, Lin RC, Yang JS, Yang WE, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma. Cells 2019; 8:E1618. [PMID: 31842295 PMCID: PMC6952995 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone malignancy, occurs most frequently in adolescents with a peak of incidence at 11-15 years. Melatonin, an indole amine hormone, shows a wide range of anticancer activities. The decrease in melatonin levels simultaneously concurs with the increase in bone growth and the peak age distribution of osteosarcoma during puberty, so melatonin has been utilized as an adjunct to chemotherapy to improve the quality of life and clinical outcomes. While a large amount of research has been conducted to understand the complex pleiotropic functions and the molecular and cellular actions elicited by melatonin in various types of cancers, a few review reports have focused on osteosarcoma. Herein, we summarized the anti-osteosarcoma effects of melatonin and its underlying molecular mechanisms to illustrate the known significance of melatonin in osteosarcoma and to address cellular signaling pathways of melatonin in vitro and in animal models. Even in the same kind of osteosarcoma, melatonin has been sparingly investigated to counteract tumor growth, apoptosis, and metastasis through different mechanisms, depending on different cell lines. We highlighted the underlying mechanism of anti-osteosarcoma properties evoked by melatonin, including antioxidant activity, anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of invasion and metastasis. Moreover, we discussed the drug synergy effects of the role of melatonin involved and the method to fortify the anti-cancer effects on osteosarcoma. As a potential therapeutic agent, melatonin is safe for children and adolescents and is a promising candidate for an adjuvant by reinforcing the therapeutic effects and abolishing the unwanted consequences of chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (R.-C.L.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Renn-Chia Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (R.-C.L.)
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Division of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Wound Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (J.-S.Y.); (W.-E.Y.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Tao ZS, Lu HL, Ma NF, Zhang RT, Li Y, Yang M, Xu HG. Rapamycin could increase the effects of melatonin against age-dependent bone loss. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 53:671-678. [PMID: 31781847 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-019-01659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of melatonin (MEL) on bone tissue and bone metabolism. Rapamycin (RAP) promotes osteoblast proliferation and inhibits osteoclast proliferation, and positively affects bone regeneration; however, reports about effects of RAP on bone loss for aged female rats with MEL administration are limited. This study investigated the impact of treatment with RAP on bone loss for aged female rats with MEL administration. Female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 520 g were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10: group CON, group MEL and group MEL + RAP and received saline, MEL, RAP plus MEL treatment until death at 12 weeks, respectively. The results of maintaining bone mass and bone strength with RAP plus MEL administration were evaluated by histology, microcomputerized tomography (Micro-CT), gene expression analysis and biomechanical testing. Results from this study indicated that MEL + RAP had stronger effects on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis than MEL administration. Administration of MEL + RAP produced the strongest effects on bone parameters and strength for distal femurs and regulation of OPG/RANKL signalling pathway-related gene expression. These results seemed to indicate that RAP could increase the effects of MEL on age-dependent bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Han-Li Lu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Neng-Feng Ma
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Rou-Tian Zhang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College; Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution; Dept of Spine Surgery, Yijishan hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
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Man GCW, Tam EMS, Wong YS, Hung VWY, Hu Z, Lam TP, Liu Z, Cheung WH, Ng TB, Zhu Z, Qiu Y, Cheng JCY. Abnormal Osteoblastic Response to Leptin in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17128. [PMID: 31748652 PMCID: PMC6868007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53757-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional structural deformity of the spine with unknown etiology. Although leptin has been postulated as one of the etiologic factors in AIS, its effects on osteoblastic activity remain unknown. Herein, we conducted this study to investigate whether there are abnormal functional responses to leptin and abnormal expression of leptin receptor in AIS osteoblasts. In vitro assays were performed with osteoblasts isolated from 12 severe AIS girls and 6 non-AIS controls. The osteoblasts were exposed to different concentrations of leptin (0, 10, 100, 1000 ng/mL). The effects of leptin on cell proliferation, differentiation and mineralization were determined. Protein expressions of leptin receptor (LEP-R) under basal and osteogenic conditions were also evaluated by Western blot. Our results showed that leptin significantly stimulated osteoblasts from non-AIS subjects to proliferate, differentiate and mineralized. However, in the AIS group, the stimulatory effects of leptin on cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization were not observed. In addition, no statistically significant difference in the expression of leptin receptor under both basal and osteogenic conditions was found between AIS and control group. In conclusion, these findings might help to explain the low bone mass and deranged bone quality that is clinically associated with AIS girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene Chi-Wai Man
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Elisa Man-Shan Tam
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yi Shun Wong
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Vivian Wing-Ying Hung
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zongshan Hu
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Tsz Ping Lam
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wing Hoi Cheung
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Zezhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Bone Quality and Health Centre, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,The Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong-Nanjing University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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30
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Sun T, Li J, Xing HL, Tao ZS, Yang M. Melatonin improves the osseointegration of hydroxyapatite-coated titanium implants in senile female rats. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 53:770-777. [PMID: 31654128 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-019-01640-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to confirm the effect of the systemic administration of melatonin on hydroxyapatite-coated titanium (HA-Ti) implants in senile osteopenic rats. For this study 24-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a melatonin group and the bilateral femurs of all the rats received HA-Ti implants. Animals in the melatonin group received treatment with melatonin (30 mg/kg day). After a 12-week healing period, rats in the melatonin group revealed improved osseointegration compared to the control group, with the bone area ratio (BAR) and bone to implant contact (BIC) increased by 1.87-fold and 1.65-fold in histomorphometry, the quantitative results of implant osseointegration and peri-implant trabeculae, such as a higher bone volume per total volume (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), the mean connective density (Conn.D), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and a lower trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) in micro-computed tomography (CT) evaluation and the maximum push-out force by 1.75-fold in push out tests. Additionally, compared with the control group, melatonin could significantly up-regulate the expression of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OC) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) genes and down-regulate the expression of the RANKL gene. These findings suggest that systemic administration with melatonin is useful to improve the fixation of HA-coated implants even in osteopenic rats through promoting Runx2, OC and OPG gene expression and inhibiting RANKL gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, No. 289, Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, No. 289, Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Lin Xing
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, No. 289, Kuocang Road, Liandu District, Lishui City, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, 241001, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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31
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Knani L, Bartolini D, Kechiche S, Tortoioli C, Murdolo G, Moretti M, Messaoudi I, Reiter RJ, Galli F. Melatonin prevents cadmium-induced bone damage: First evidence on an improved osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation balance of mesenchymal stem cells as underlying mechanism. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12597. [PMID: 31340072 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) plays a role in preserving bone health, a function that may depend on homeostatic effects on both mature osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the bone tissue. In this study, these functions of MLT have been investigated in rat bone (femur) and in human adipose MSC (hMSC) during chronic exposure to low-grade cadmium (Cd) toxicity, a serious public health concern. The in vivo findings demonstrate that MLT protects against Cd-induced bone metabolism disruption and accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes, a cue of impaired osteogenic potential of skeletal MSC niches. This latter symptom was recapitulated in hMSCs in which Cd toxicity stimulated adipogenic differentiation. MLT was found to rescue, at least in part, the osteogenic differentiation properties of these cells. This study reports on a new bone cytoprotection function of MLT pertinent to Cd toxicity and its interfering effect on skeletal MSC differentiation properties that is worth investigating for its possible impact on human bone pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Knani
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Safa Kechiche
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Çetin Altındal D, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Dual-functional melatonin releasing device loaded with PLGA microparticles and cyclodextrin inclusion complex for osteosarcoma therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rimdusit T, Thapphasaraphong S, Puthongking P, Priprem A. Effects of Anthocyanins and Melatonin From Purple Waxy Corn By-Products on Collagen Production by Cultured Human Fibroblasts. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19863510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cob and silk of purple waxy corn ( Zea mays L. Ceratina Kulesh) are underutilized sources of anthocyanins, which could be extracted by various solvents: water, ethanol, methanol, 50% ethanol, and 50% methanol. Anthocyanin and melatonin levels were investigated. The quantifications of anthocyanins as cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, and peonidin-3-glucoside were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and melatonin by HPLC-fluorescence. The ability of collagen production upon exposure to human skin fibroblasts from the different macerates of the cob and silk was also studied. All cob extracts showed higher level of anthocyanins than silk extracts. The 50% ethanol extract of cob showed the highest cyanidin-3-glucoside level at 2.42 ± 0.03 mg/g dried weight, whereas that of silk showed the highest content of cyanidin-3-glucoside at 1.95 ± 0.04 mg/g dried weight. Although cob extracts contained more anthocyanins than silk extracts, silk extracts could stimulate collagen production more than cob extracts. Therefore, the collagen production was likely due to the amount of melatonin in the silk extracts, which contained greater quantities than those of the cob, and the lipophilicity of melatonin or the hydrophilicity of anthocyanins also affected the ability of cell permeation. Thus, anthocyanins and melatonin levels should be considered for the biological activity study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thithima Rimdusit
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
- Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Suthasinee Thapphasaraphong
- Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Ploenthip Puthongking
- Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Melatonin Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
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Çetin Altındal D, James EN, Kaplan DL, Gümüşderelioğlu M. Melatonin-induced osteogenesis with methanol-annealed silk materials. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911519847489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, a hormone produced in the pineal gland, has been investigated for bone repair, remodeling, osteoporosis, as well as osseointegration of the implants. In this study, different concentrations of melatonin (0–2000-µM) were embedded into silk films annealed by methanol or water. Then, their capacity to differentiate human mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts was investigated for bone tissue regeneration. While methanol-annealed silk films have ~55% crystallinity, room-temperature water-annealed silk films have ~30% crystallinity by depending upon their different β-sheet contents. Melatonin-loaded silk films exhibited an initial burst release followed by a continuous release for up to 5 days, and the β-sheet content of silk films did not affect the release behavior of melatonin, an amphiphilic molecule. Moreover, human mesenchymal stem cells exhibited an increase in osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin, and runt-related transcription factor 2 expressions on the melatonin-loaded methanol-annealed silk films in both proliferation and osteogenic media. The bioactivity of the melatonin-modified silk films was further confirmed by the enhanced mineralization compared to silk films alone. This study demonstrated the feasibility of developing melatonin-loaded silk materials and the positive effect of releasing melatonin at micromolar concentrations on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells cultured especially in osteogenic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Çetin Altındal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Eric N James
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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Melatonin Increases Bone Mass around the Prostheses of OVX Rats by Ameliorating Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress via the SIRT3/SOD2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4019619. [PMID: 31110599 PMCID: PMC6487111 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4019619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone mass loss around prostheses is a major cause of implant failure, especially in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients. In osteoporosis, excess oxidative stress largely contributed abnormal bone remodeling. Melatonin, which is synthesized from the pineal gland, promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation and has effectively been used to combat oxidative stress. Thus, we determined if melatonin can inhibit oxidative stress to promote osteogenesis and improve bone mass around prostheses in osteoporosis. In this study, we observed that received melatonin at 50 mg/kg body weight significantly increased periprosthetic bone mass as well as implant fixation intensity in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Meanwhile, it decreased the expression of oxidative stress markers (NAPDH oxidase 2 and cytochrome c) and enhanced expressing level of the formation markers of bones (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osterix) around prostheses compared to that in the control group. Additionally, melatonin decreased hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced oxidative stress and restored the osteogenesis potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. Mechanistically, melatonin clearly increased mitochondrial sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression and decreased the ratio of acetylated superoxide dismutase 2 (AC-SOD2)/SOD2 compared to the H2O2 group. SIRT3 inhibition counteracted the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative stress and bone formation. Together, the results showed that melatonin ameliorated oxidative stress in mitochondrial via the SIRT3/SOD2 signaling pathway, thereby promoting osteogenesis, improving bone mass around the prostheses, and increasing initial stability. Thus, melatonin might be a suitable candidate to decrease the rate of implant failure and lengthen the lifespan of prostheses after total joint arthroplasty.
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Hai B, Ma Y, Pan X, Yong L, Liang C, He G, Yang C, Zhu B, Liu X. Melatonin benefits to the growth of human annulus fibrosus cells through inhibiting miR-106a-5p/ATG7 signaling pathway. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:621-630. [PMID: 30992660 PMCID: PMC6445191 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s193765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disc degeneration (DD) is one of the common diseases worldwide, which deeply influences normal life and leads to excruciating pain. However, an effective treatment for DD is still not identified. METHOD The present study systemically examined the effect of melatonin on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of patients with DD. RESULTS Melatonin had the effect of promoting proliferation, inducing autophagy, and suppressing apoptosis on AF cells of patients with DD. Moreover, melatonin contributed to the translation and transcription of autophagy-related protein ATG7 and inhibited the function of miR-106a-5p in AF cells. In addition, the results suggested that miR-106a-5p mediated the expression of ATG7 by directly binding to its 3'UTR in AF cells. CONCLUSION This research not only gained a deep insight of melatonin mode of action, but also indicated its potential target signaling pathway in AF cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yunlong Ma
- The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lei Yong
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guanping He
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chenlong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bin Zhu
- The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China,
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Gurler EB, Ergul NM, Ozbek B, Ekren N, Oktar FN, Haskoylu ME, Oner ET, Eroglu MS, Ozbeyli D, Korkut V, Temiz AF, Kocanalı N, Gungordu RJ, Kılıckan DB, Gunduz O. Encapsulated melatonin in polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles as a promising graft material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:798-808. [PMID: 30948117 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrospraying assures many advantages with taking less time and costing less relatively to the other conventional particle production methods. In this research, we investigated the encapsulation of melatonin (MEL) hormone in polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles by using electrospraying method. Morphology analysis of the produced particles completed with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM images demonstrated that micro-particles of 3 wt% PCL solution has the most suitable particle diameter size (2.3 ± 0.64 μm) for melatonin encapsulation. According to the characterization of the particles, electrospraying parameters like optimal collecting distance, the flow rate of the solution and voltage of the system detected as 8 cm, 0.5 ml/h, and 10 kV respectively. For determining the chemical bonds of scaffold Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used and FTIR results showed that melatonin successfully loaded into PCL micro-particles. Drug release kinetics of the melatonin loaded particles indicated that melatonin released with a burst at the beginning and release behavior became sustainable over a period of 8 h with the encapsulation efficiency of about 73%. In addition, both in-vitro and in-vivo studies of the graft materials also completed. Primary human osteoblasts (HOB) cells and female Sprague Dawley rats were used in in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Test results demonstrate cell population, and bone volume of the rats grafted with composites has remarkably increased, this caused remodelling in bone structure. Overall, these findings indicate that encapsulation of melatonin in the PCL particles with electrospray method is optimum for new synthetic graft material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bihter Gurler
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necdet Mekki Ergul
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology&Biomaterials Application and Research at Marmara University, 34722, Goztepe Campus Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Ozbek
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul 34722, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology&Biomaterials Application and Research at Marmara University, 34722, Goztepe Campus Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazmi Ekren
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology&Biomaterials Application and Research at Marmara University, 34722, Goztepe Campus Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faik Nuzhet Oktar
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology&Biomaterials Application and Research at Marmara University, 34722, Goztepe Campus Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Erginer Haskoylu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Toksoy Oner
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sayıp Eroglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ozbeyli
- Department of Medical Pathological Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Marmara University, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Veysel Korkut
- School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34734 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nil Kocanalı
- School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, 34734 Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey; Center for Nanotechnology&Biomaterials Application and Research at Marmara University, 34722, Goztepe Campus Istanbul, Turkey.
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Li T, Jiang S, Lu C, Yang W, Yang Z, Hu W, Xin Z, Yang Y. Melatonin: Another avenue for treating osteoporosis? J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12548. [PMID: 30597617 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is a signal molecule that modulates the biological circadian rhythms of vertebrates. Melatonin deficiency is thought to be associated with several disorders, including insomnia, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence has also indicated that melatonin may be involved in the homeostasis of bone metabolism. Age-related reductions in melatonin are considered to be critical factors in bone loss and osteoporosis with aging. Thus, serum melatonin levels might serve as a biomarker for the early detection and prevention of osteoporosis. Compared to conventional antiosteoporosis medicines, which primarily inhibit bone loss, melatonin both suppresses bone loss and promotes new bone formation. Mechanistically, by activating melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), melatonin upregulates the gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), BMP6, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin to promote osteogenesis while inhibiting the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) pathway to suppress osteolysis. In view of the distinct actions of melatonin on bone metabolism, we hypothesize that melatonin may be a novel remedy for the prevention and clinical treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenlong Xin
- Graduate School, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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St Hilaire MA, Rahman SA, Gooley JJ, Witt-Enderby PA, Lockley SW. Relationship between melatonin and bone resorption rhythms in premenopausal women. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:60-71. [PMID: 29318392 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-017-0896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although evidence exists for a daily rhythm in bone metabolism, the contribution of factors such as melatonin levels, the light-dark cycle, and the sleep-wake cycle is difficult to differentiate given their highly correlated time courses. To examine these influences on bone resorption, we collected 48-h sequential urine samples under both ambulatory (8-h sleep:16-h wake) and constant routine (CR) (constant wake, posture, nutrition and dim light) conditions from 20 healthy premenopausal women. Urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s; ng/h) and the bone resorption marker amino-terminal cross-linked collagen I telopeptide (NTx; bone collagen equivalents nM/h) were assayed and fit by cosinor models to determine significant 24-h rhythms and acrophase. Most participants had significant 24-h aMT6s rhythms during both ambulatory and CR conditions (95 and 85%, respectively), but fewer had significant 24-h NTx rhythms (70 and 70%, respectively). Among individuals with significant rhythms, mean (± SD) aMT6s acrophase times were 3:57 ± 1:50 and 3:43 ± 1:25 h under ambulatory and CR conditions, respectively, and 23:44 ± 5:55 and 3:06 ± 5:15 h, respectively, for NTx. Mean 24-h levels of both aMT6s and NTx were significantly higher during CR compared with ambulatory conditions (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.03, respectively). Menstrual phase (follicular versus luteal) had no impact on aMT6s or NTx timing or 24-h levels. This study confirms an endogenous circadian rhythm in NTx with a night-time peak when measured under CR conditions, but also confirms that environmental factors such as the sleep-wake or light-dark cycles, posture or meal timing affects overall concentrations and peak timing under ambulatory conditions, the significance of which remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A St Hilaire
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Shadab A Rahman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joshua J Gooley
- Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Paula A Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Steven W Lockley
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue BLI-438, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Virto L, Cano P, Jiménez-Ortega V, Fernández-Mateos P, González J, Haugen HJ, Esquifino AI, Sanz M. Melatonin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis associated with obesity. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:1336-1346. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leire Virto
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Cano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Vanesa Jiménez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Fernández-Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Cellular Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Jerián González
- Department of Clinical Dental Specialties; Faculty of Odontology; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Håvard J. Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials; Institute for Clinical Dentistry; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Ana Isabel Esquifino
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC); Madrid Spain
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology (Sección Departamental, Faculty of Medicine); University Complutense; Madrid Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
- Department of Clinical Dental Specialties; Faculty of Odontology; University Complutense; Madrid Spain
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Ng SY, Bettany-Saltikov J, Cheung IYK, Chan KKY. The Role of Vitamin D in the Pathogenesis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Asian Spine J 2018; 12:1127-1145. [PMID: 30322242 PMCID: PMC6284127 DOI: 10.31616/asj.2018.12.6.1127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Several theories have been proposed to explain the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) until present. However, limited data are available regarding the impact of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency on scoliosis. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are prevalent in adolescents, including AIS patients. A series of studies conducted in Hong Kong have shown that as many as 30% of these patients have osteopenia. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level has been found to positively correlate with bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy adolescents and negatively with Cobb angle in AIS patients; therefore, vitamin D deficiency is believed to play a role in AIS pathogenesis. This study attempts to review the relevant literature on AIS etiology to examine the association of vitamin D and various current theories. Our review suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with several current etiological theories of AIS. We postulate that vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency affects AIS development by its effect on the regulation of fibrosis, postural control, and BMD. Subclinical deficiency of vitamin K2, a fat-soluble vitamin, is also prevalent in adolescents; therefore, it is possible that the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is related to decreased fat intake. Further studies are required to elucidate the possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and clinical management of AIS.
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Bukowska-Damska A, Skowronska-Jozwiak E, Peplonska B. Night shift work and osteoporosis: evidence and hypothesis. Chronobiol Int 2018; 36:171-180. [PMID: 30311808 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1528553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an important public health problem worldwide. Among the countries with a very high population risk of fractures, there are those with the highest level of economic development. Osteoporotic fractures are the main cause of disability among elderly people, and the resultant disabilities require particularly large financial support associated not only with the direct treatment of the fracture but also with the necessity for long-term rehabilitation and care for the disabled person. Many well-established factors can have impact on bone mass and fracture risk. Recently, it has been hypothesized that working during nighttime which leads to endocrine disorders may have an indirect impact on bone physiology among night shift workers. Therefore, it can be presumed that the night shift work may contribute to the etiology of osteoporosis. The aim of our work was to make a review of the epidemiological evidence on the association between night shift work and bone mineral density or fracture risk as well as to discuss the potential biological mechanisms linking the work under this system with the development of osteoporosis. We have identified only four studies investigating the association between system of work and bone mineral density or fracture risk among workers. The findings of three out of four studies support the hypothesis. None of the studies has investigated a potential relationship between night shift work and bone turnover markers. Given that there have been no epidemiological studies in European countries that would concern working populations and the noticeable difference in the risk of osteoporosis between communities, further studies are warranted to elucidate the problem. It is presumed that further in-depth studies will not only identify the underlying factors of the disease but also contribute to developing guidelines for policy makers and employers for primary prevention of osteoporosis in workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bukowska-Damska
- a Department of Environmental Epidemiology , Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
| | - Elzbieta Skowronska-Jozwiak
- b Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases , Medical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland.,c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases , Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute , Lodz , Poland
| | - Beata Peplonska
- a Department of Environmental Epidemiology , Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine , Lodz , Poland
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ACIKAN I, Mehmet GUL, ARTAS G, YAMAN F, DENIZ G, BULMUS O, KOM M, KIRTAY M, DUNDAR S. Systemic melatonin application increases bone formation in mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e85. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ferhan YAMAN
- Private Practice, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Turkey
| | | | | | | | - Mustafa KIRTAY
- Private Practice, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Canada
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The multiple functions of melatonin in regenerative medicine. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 45:33-52. [PMID: 29630951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin research has been experiencing hyper growth in the last two decades; this relates to its numerous physiological functions including anti-inflammation, oncostasis, circadian and endocrine rhythm regulation, and its potent antioxidant activity. Recently, a large number of studies have focused on the role of melatonin in the regeneration of cells or tissues after their partial loss. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the molecular involvement of melatonin in the regeneration of various tissues including the nervous system, liver, bone, kidney, bladder, skin, and muscle, among others.
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Rafat A, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Alizadeh A, Hashemi-Firouzi N, Golipoor Z. Comparison of The Melatonin Preconditioning Efficacy between Bone Marrow and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:450-458. [PMID: 30123990 PMCID: PMC6099139 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from various sources have the potentials to positively affect regenerative medicine. Furthermore, pre-conditioning strategies with different agents could improve the efficacy of cell therapy. This study compares the effects of an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, melatonin, on protection of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs). Materials and Methods In this experimental study, rat BMSCs and ADSCs were isolated and expanded. Pre-conditioning was performed with 5 μM melatonin for 24 hours. Cell proliferation and viability were detected by MTT assay. Expression of BAX, BCL2, melatonin receptors and osteocalcin genes were evaluated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also, apoptosis was detected with tunnel assay. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed using alizarin red staining. Results No significant increase was found in cell viability between BMSCs and ADSCs after melatonin preconditioning. Following melatonin preconditioning, BAX expression was significantly down-regulated in both ADSCs and BMSCs (P<0.05), with the difference being more significant in ADSCs compared to BMSCs. BCL2 expression was increased significantly in both cell types after preconditioning. Metalothionine 1 and Metalothionine 2 were both upregulated significantly in the two cell types (P<0.05). Melatonin increased osteogenesis capability through increasing osteocalcin expression. However, expression of osteocalcin in BMSCs before and after preconditioning was higher than that in ADSCs. On the other hand, melatonin expression in ADSCs was in higher levels than in BMSCs. Melatonin also improved alizarin red concentration significantly in both BMSCs and ADSCs (P<0.05). Alizarin red staining severity increased significantly in ADSCs after preconditioning compared to BMSCs (P<0.05). Conclusion Here we have shown that the effects of preconditioning on melatonin expression in ADSCs are higher than those in BMSCs. These findings could be used in adoption of a proper preconditioning protocol based on the sources of MSCs in specific clinical applications, especially in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rafat
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medichal Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Zoleikha Golipoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Electronic Address:
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Palin LP, Polo TOB, Batista FRDS, Gomes-Ferreira PHS, Garcia Junior IR, Rossi AC, Freire A, Faverani LP, Sumida DH, Okamoto R. Daily melatonin administration improves osseointegration in pinealectomized rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20170470. [PMID: 29995145 PMCID: PMC6025886 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis of this study was that the peri-implant bone healing of the group of pinealectomized rats would differ from the control group. The samples were subjected to immunohistochemical, microtomographic (total porosity and connectivity density), and fluorochrome (mineralized surface) analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Pitol Palin
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Tarik Ocon Braga Polo
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Idelmo Rangel Garcia Junior
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Cláudia Rossi
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Área de Anatomia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Freire
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Área de Anatomia, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Leonardo Perez Faverani
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Clínica Integrada, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Doris Hissako Sumida
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil
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Zhu F, Liu Z, Ren Y. Mechanism of melatonin combined with calcium carbonate on improving osteoporosis in aged rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:192-196. [PMID: 29977362 PMCID: PMC6030893 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of melatonin and calcium carbonate on aged rats with osteoporosis (OP) were assessed. Forty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 15 months were randomly divided into a model group (group OP), melatonin group (group M), calcium carbonate group (group Ca) and melatonin combined with calcium carbonate group (group M+Ca), while 10 rats aged 3 months were set as the control group (group NC). The changes of bone density and bone mineral level of lumbar vertebra and bilateral femur in rats of each group were observed. The levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in rats of each group were determined. Compared with those in group NC, bone density of lumbar vertebra and bilateral femur and bone mineral level were distinctly reduced, serum calcium and activities of SOD and GSH-Px were obviously decreased, and MDA content was remarkably increased in rats of groups OP, M and Ca; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01); compared with that in group OP, bone density of lumbar vertebra and bilateral femur and bone mineral level were remarkably increased, serum calcium and activities of SOD and GSH-Px were obviously increased, and MDA content was remarkably decreased in rats of groups M, Ca and M+Ca; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01); compared with those in groups M and Ca, bone density of lumbar vertebra and bilateral femur and bone mineral level were obviously elevated, serum calcium and activities of SOD and GSH-Px were evidently elevated, and MDA content was remarkably decreased in rats of group M+Ca; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Melatonin and calcium carbonate can significantly improve antioxidative ability in rats with osteoporosis, increase bone density, elevate serum calcium level and reduce bone mineral loss, thus preventing and treating osteoporosis, and the combination displays more remarkable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqiang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Ren
- Department of Spine Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
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Renn TY, Huang YK, Feng SW, Wang HW, Lee WF, Lin CT, Burnouf T, Chen LY, Kao PF, Chang HM. Prophylactic supplement with melatonin successfully suppresses the pathogenesis of periodontitis through normalizing RANKL/OPG ratio and depressing the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. J Pineal Res 2018; 64. [PMID: 29274168 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by gingival inflammation and resorption of alveolar bone. Impaired receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) signaling caused by enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of PD. Considering melatonin possesses significant anti-inflammatory property, this study aimed to determine whether prophylactic treatment with melatonin would effectively normalize RANKL/OPG signaling, depress toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (TLR4/MyD88)-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine activation, and successfully suppress the pathogenesis of PD. PD was induced in adult rats by placing the ligature at molar subgingival regions. Fourteen days before PD induction, 10, 50, or 100 mg/kg of melatonin was intraperitoneally injected for consecutive 28 days. Biochemical and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect TLR4/MyD88 activity, RANKL, OPG, interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, respectively. The extent of bone loss, bone mineral intensity, and calcium intensity was further evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results indicated that high RANKL/OPG ratio, TLR4/MyD88 activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were detected following PD. Impaired biochemical findings paralleled well with severe bone loss and reduced calcium intensity. However, in rats pretreated with melatonin, all above parameters were successfully returned to nearly normal levels with maximal change observed in rats receiving 100 mg/kg. As prophylactic treatment with melatonin effectively normalizes RANKL/OPG signaling by depressing TLR4/MyD88-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine production, dietary supplement with melatonin may serve as an advanced strategy to strengthen oral health to counteract PD-induced destructive damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yi Renn
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kai Huang
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Wang
- School of Dentistry - Master and PhD Program, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fang Lee
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Tong Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-You Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Fu Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Maria S, Samsonraj RM, Munmun F, Glas J, Silvestros M, Kotlarczyk MP, Rylands R, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, Enderby LT, Lassila H, Dodda B, Davis VL, Balk J, Burow M, Bunnell BA, Witt-Enderby PA. Biological effects of melatonin on osteoblast/osteoclast cocultures, bone, and quality of life: Implications of a role for MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated osteoblastogenesis. J Pineal Res 2018; 64:10.1111/jpi.12465. [PMID: 29285799 PMCID: PMC6711668 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The Melatonin Osteoporosis Prevention Study (MOPS) demonstrated that nightly melatonin resulted in a time-dependent decrease in equilibrium ratios of serum osteoclasts and osteoblasts in perimenopausal women. This study examines mechanisms related to the ratios of osteoblasts and osteoclasts using coculture models (transwell or layered) of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs). Human MSC/PBMC cocultures exposed to melatonin in osteogenic (OS+) medium for 21 days induced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization; however, only in layered cocultures did melatonin inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Melatonin effects were mediated through MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5. In layered but not transwell cocultures, melatonin increased OPG:RANKL ratios by inhibiting RANKL, suggesting that contact with osteoclasts during osteoblastogenesis inhibits RANKL secretion. Melatonin modulated expression of ERK1/2, ERK5, β1 integrin, GLUT4, and IRβ that was dependent upon the type of coculture; however, in both cultures, melatonin increased RUNX2 and decreased PPARγ expression, indicating a role for metabolic processes that control osteogenic vs adipogenic cell fates of MSCs. Furthermore, melatonin also has osteoblast-inducing effects on human adipose-derived MSCs. In vivo, one-year nightly melatonin (15 mg/L) given to neu female mice in their drinking water increased pErk1/2, pErk5, Runx2, and Opg and Rankl levels in bone consistent with melatonin's already reported bone-enhancing effects. Finally, analysis of daily logs from the MOPS demonstrated a significant improvement in mood and perhaps sleep quality in women receiving melatonin vs placebo. The osteoblast-inducing, bone-enhancing effects of melatonin and improvement in quality of life suggest that melatonin is a safe and effective bone loss therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifat Maria
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Fahima Munmun
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Glas
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria Silvestros
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary P. Kotlarczyk
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan Rylands
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Holly Lassila
- Division of Clinical Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bala Dodda
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vicki L. Davis
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judy Balk
- West Penn/Allegheny Health System, Drexel University and Temple University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matt Burow
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Paula A. Witt-Enderby
- Division of Pharmaceutical, Administrative and Social Sciences, Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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50
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Melatonin stimulates the secretion of progesterone along with the expression of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in corpus luteum of pregnant sows. Theriogenology 2018; 108:297-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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