1
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Geng Q, Keya JJ, Hotta T, Verhey KJ. The kinesin-3 KIF1C undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation for accumulation of specific transcripts at the cell periphery. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00147-9. [PMID: 38898313 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In cells, mRNAs are transported to and positioned at subcellular areas to locally regulate protein production. Recent studies have identified the kinesin-3 family member motor protein KIF1C as an RNA transporter. However, it is not clear how KIF1C interacts with RNA molecules. Here, we show that the KIF1C C-terminal tail domain contains an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that drives liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). KIF1C forms dynamic puncta in cells that display physical properties of liquid condensates and incorporate RNA molecules in a sequence-selective manner. Endogenous KIF1C forms condensates in cellular protrusions, where mRNAs are enriched in an IDR-dependent manner. Purified KIF1C tail constructs undergo LLPS in vitro at near-endogenous nM concentrations and in the absence of crowding agents and can directly recruit RNA molecules. Overall, our work uncovers an intrinsic correlation between the LLPS activity of KIF1C and its role in mRNA positioning. In addition, the LLPS activity of KIF1C's tail represents a new mode of motor-cargo interaction that extends our current understanding of cytoskeletal motor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Geng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jakia Jannat Keya
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Takashi Hotta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristen J Verhey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Beaudet D, Berger CL, Hendricks AG. The types and numbers of kinesins and dyneins transporting endocytic cargoes modulate their motility and response to tau. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107323. [PMID: 38677516 PMCID: PMC11130734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Organelles and vesicular cargoes are transported by teams of kinesin and dynein motors along microtubules. We isolated endocytic organelles from cells at different stages of maturation and reconstituted their motility along microtubules in vitro. We asked how the sets of motors transporting a cargo determine its motility and response to the microtubule-associated protein tau. Here, we find that phagosomes move in both directions along microtubules, but the directional bias changes during maturation. Early phagosomes exhibit retrograde-biased transport while late phagosomes are directionally unbiased. Correspondingly, early and late phagosomes are bound by different numbers and combinations of kinesins-1, -2, -3, and dynein. Tau stabilizes microtubules and directs transport within neurons. While single-molecule studies show that tau differentially regulates the motility of kinesins and dynein in vitro, less is known about its role in modulating the trafficking of endogenous cargoes transported by their native teams of motors. Previous studies showed that tau preferentially inhibits kinesin motors, which biases late phagosome transport towards the microtubule minus-end. Here, we show that tau strongly inhibits long-range, dynein-mediated motility of early phagosomes. Tau reduces forces generated by teams of dynein motors on early phagosomes and accelerates dynein unbinding under load. Thus, cargoes differentially respond to tau, where dynein complexes on early phagosomes are more sensitive to tau inhibition than those on late phagosomes. Mathematical modeling further explains how small changes in the number of kinesins and dynein on cargoes impact the net directionality but also that cargoes with different sets of motors respond differently to tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Beaudet
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher L Berger
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Adam G Hendricks
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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3
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Mendoza CS, Plowinske CR, Montgomery AC, Quinones GB, Banker G, Bentley M. Kinesin Regulation in the Proximal Axon is Essential for Dendrite-selective Transport. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar81. [PMID: 38598291 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-11-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurons are polarized and typically extend multiple dendrites and one axon. To maintain polarity, vesicles carrying dendritic proteins are arrested upon entering the axon. To determine whether kinesin regulation is required for terminating anterograde axonal transport, we overexpressed the dendrite-selective kinesin KIF13A. This caused mistargeting of dendrite-selective vesicles to the axon and a loss of dendritic polarity. Polarity was not disrupted if the kinase MARK2/Par1b was coexpressed. MARK2/Par1b is concentrated in the proximal axon, where it maintains dendritic polarity-likely by phosphorylating S1371 of KIF13A, which lies in a canonical 14-3-3 binding motif. We probed for interactions of KIF13A with 14-3-3 isoforms and found that 14-3-3β and 14-3-3ζ bound KIF13A. Disruption of MARK2 or 14-3-3 activity by small molecule inhibitors caused a loss of dendritic polarity. These data show that kinesin regulation is integral for dendrite-selective transport. We propose a new model in which KIF13A that moves dendrite-selective vesicles in the proximal axon is phosphorylated by MARK2. Phosphorylated KIF13A is then recognized by 14-3-3, which causes dissociation of KIF13A from the vesicle and termination of transport. These findings define a new paradigm for the regulation of vesicle transport by localized kinesin tail phosphorylation, to restrict dendrite-selective vesicles from entering the axon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Mendoza
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Cameron R Plowinske
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Andrew C Montgomery
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Geraldine B Quinones
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
| | - Gary Banker
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Marvin Bentley
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180
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4
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Eriksson I, Öllinger K. Lysosomes in Cancer-At the Crossroad of Good and Evil. Cells 2024; 13:459. [PMID: 38474423 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although it has been known for decades that lysosomes are central for degradation and recycling in the cell, their pivotal role as nutrient sensing signaling hubs has recently become of central interest. Since lysosomes are highly dynamic and in constant change regarding content and intracellular position, fusion/fission events allow communication between organelles in the cell, as well as cell-to-cell communication via exocytosis of lysosomal content and release of extracellular vesicles. Lysosomes also mediate different forms of regulated cell death by permeabilization of the lysosomal membrane and release of their content to the cytosol. In cancer cells, lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy are increased to support the increased metabolism and allow growth even under nutrient- and oxygen-poor conditions. Tumor cells also induce exocytosis of lysosomal content to the extracellular space to promote invasion and metastasis. However, due to the enhanced lysosomal function, cancer cells are often more susceptible to lysosomal membrane permeabilization, providing an alternative strategy to induce cell death. This review summarizes the current knowledge of cancer-associated alterations in lysosomal structure and function and illustrates how lysosomal exocytosis and release of extracellular vesicles affect disease progression. We focus on functional differences depending on lysosomal localization and the regulation of intracellular transport, and lastly provide insight how new therapeutic strategies can exploit the power of the lysosome and improve cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Eriksson
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Öllinger
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
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5
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Sun S, Zhao G, Jia M, Jiang Q, Li S, Wang H, Li W, Wang Y, Bian X, Zhao YG, Huang X, Yang G, Cai H, Pastor-Pareja JC, Ge L, Zhang C, Hu J. Stay in touch with the endoplasmic reticulum. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:230-257. [PMID: 38212460 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets, forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells. As a result, it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites (MCSs). These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling, including fusion and fission, facilitate precise lipid exchange, and couple vital signaling events. Here, we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar contact. The molecular basis, cellular influence, and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria, Golgi, endosomes, lysosomes, lipid droplets, autophagosomes, and plasma membrane are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Gan Zhao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingkang Jia
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yan G Zhao
- Brain Research Center, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Computational Biology & Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Huaqing Cai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jose C Pastor-Pareja
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Institute of Neurosciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfflcas-Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Spain.
| | - Liang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Chuanmao Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Junjie Hu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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6
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Geng Q, Keya JJ, Hotta T, Verhey KJ. KIF1C, an RNA transporting kinesin-3, undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation through its C-terminal disordered domain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.23.563538. [PMID: 37961614 PMCID: PMC10634753 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.23.563538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of mRNA is critical for local control of protein production. Recent studies have identified the kinesin-3 family member KIF1C as an RNA transporter. However, it is not clear how KIF1C interacts with RNA molecules. Here, we show that KIF1C's C-terminal tail domain is an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) containing a prion-like domain (PLD) that is unique compared to the C-terminal tails of other kinesin family members. In cells, KIF1C constructs undergo reversible formation of dynamic puncta that display physical properties of liquid condensates and incorporate RNA molecules in a sequence-selective manner. The IDR is necessary and sufficient for driving liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) but the condensate properties can be modulated by adjacent coiled-coil segments. The purified KIF1C IDR domain undergoes LLPS in vitro at near-endogenous nM concentrations in a salt-dependent manner. Deletion of the IDR abolished the ability of KIF1C to undergo LLPS and disrupted the distribution of mRNA cargoes to the cell periphery. Our work thus uncovers an intrinsic correlation between the LLPS activity of KIF1C and its role as an RNA transporter. In addition, as the first kinesin motor reported to undergo LLPS, our work reveals a previously uncharacterized mode of motor-cargo interaction that extends our understanding of the behavior of cytoskeletal motor proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Geng
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jakia Jannat Keya
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Takashi Hotta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristen J Verhey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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7
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Shelke GV, Williamson CD, Jarnik M, Bonifacino JS. Inhibition of endolysosome fusion increases exosome secretion. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202209084. [PMID: 37213076 PMCID: PMC10202829 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202209084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small vesicles that are secreted from cells to dispose of undegraded materials and mediate intercellular communication. A major source of exosomes is intraluminal vesicles within multivesicular endosomes that undergo exocytic fusion with the plasma membrane. An alternative fate of multivesicular endosomes is fusion with lysosomes, resulting in degradation of the intraluminal vesicles. The factors that determine whether multivesicular endosomes fuse with the plasma membrane or with lysosomes are unknown. In this study, we show that impairment of endolysosomal fusion by disruption of a pathway involving the BLOC-one-related complex (BORC), the small GTPase ARL8, and the tethering factor HOPS increases exosome secretion by preventing the delivery of intraluminal vesicles to lysosomes. These findings demonstrate that endolysosomal fusion is a critical determinant of the amount of exosome secretion and suggest that suppression of the BORC-ARL8-HOPS pathway could be used to boost exosome yields in biotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Vilas Shelke
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chad D. Williamson
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michal Jarnik
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Patra S, Patil S, Klionsky DJ, Bhutia SK. Lysosome signaling in cell survival and programmed cell death for cellular homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:287-305. [PMID: 36502521 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in lysosome biology have transformed our view of lysosomes from static garbage disposals that can also act as suicide bags to decidedly dynamic multirole adaptive operators of cellular homeostasis. Lysosome-governed signaling pathways, proteins, and transcription factors equilibrate the rate of catabolism and anabolism (autophagy to lysosomal biogenesis and metabolite pool maintenance) by sensing cellular metabolic status. Lysosomes also interact with other organelles by establishing contact sites through which they exchange cellular contents. Lysosomal function is critically assessed by lysosomal positioning and motility for cellular adaptation. In this setting, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (MTOR) is the chief architect of lysosomal signaling to control cellular homeostasis. Notably, lysosomes can orchestrate explicit cell death mechanisms, such as autophagic cell death and lysosomal membrane permeabilization-associated regulated necrotic cell death, to maintain cellular homeostasis. These lines of evidence emphasize that the lysosomes serve as a central signaling hub for cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sujit K Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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9
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Balabanian L, Lessard DV, Swaminathan K, Yaninska P, Sébastien M, Wang S, Stevens PW, Wiseman PW, Berger CL, Hendricks AG. Tau differentially regulates the transport of early endosomes and lysosomes. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar128. [PMID: 36129768 PMCID: PMC9634973 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-01-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) modulate the motility of kinesin and dynein along microtubules to control the transport of vesicles and organelles. The neuronal MAP tau inhibits kinesin-dependent transport. Phosphorylation of tau at Tyr-18 by fyn kinase results in weakened inhibition of kinesin-1. We examined the motility of early endosomes and lysosomes in cells expressing wild-type (WT) tau and phosphomimetic Y18E tau. We quantified the effects on motility as a function of the tau expression level. Lysosome motility is strongly inhibited by tau. Y18E tau preferentially inhibits lysosomes in the cell periphery, while centrally located lysosomes are less affected. Early endosomes are more sensitive to tau than lysosomes and are inhibited by both WT and Y18E tau. Our results show that different cargoes have disparate responses to tau, likely governed by the types of kinesin motors driving their transport. In support of this model, kinesin-1 and -3 are strongly inhibited by tau while kinesin-2 and dynein are less affected. In contrast to kinesin-1, we find that kinesin-3 is strongly inhibited by phosphorylated tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Balabanian
- Departments of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Dominique V. Lessard
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | | | - Pamela Yaninska
- Chemistry and Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Muriel Sébastien
- Departments of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Samuel Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Piper W. Stevens
- Departments of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Paul W. Wiseman
- Chemistry and Physics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada
| | - Christopher L. Berger
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Adam G. Hendricks
- Departments of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada,*Address correspondence to: Adam G. Hendricks ()
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10
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Fang Z, Fallet M, Moest T, Gorvel JP, Méresse S. The Salmonella effector SifA initiates a kinesin-1 and kinesin-3 recruitment process mirroring that mediated by Arl8a/b. J Cell Sci 2021; 135:273658. [PMID: 34878110 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When intracellular, pathogenic Salmonella reside in a membrane compartment composed of interconnected vacuoles and tubules, the formation of which depends on the translocation of bacterial effectors into the host cell. Cytoskeletons and their molecular motors are prime targets for these effectors. In this study, we show that the microtubule molecular motor KIF1Bß, a member of the kinesin-3 family, is a key element for the establishment of the Salmonella replication niche as its absence is detrimental to the stability of bacterial vacuoles and the formation of associated tubules. Kinesin-3 interacts with the Salmonella effector SifA but also with SKIP, a host protein complexed to SifA. The interaction with SifA is essential for the recruitment of kinesin-3 on Salmonella vacuoles while that with SKIP is incidental. In the non-infectious context, however, the interaction with SKIP is essential for the recruitment and activity of kinesin-3 on a part of lysosomes. Finally, our results show that in infected cells, the presence of SifA establishes a kinesin-1 and kinesin-3 recruitment pathway that is analogous to and functions independently of that mediated by the Arl8a/b GTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Fang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Fallet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Tomas Moest
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
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11
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Guardia CM, Jain A, Mattera R, Friefeld A, Li Y, Bonifacino JS. RUSC2 and WDR47 oppositely regulate kinesin-1-dependent distribution of ATG9A to the cell periphery. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar25. [PMID: 34432492 PMCID: PMC8693955 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-06-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related protein 9 (ATG9) is a transmembrane protein component of the autophagy machinery that cycles between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in the perinuclear area and other compartments in the peripheral area of the cell. In mammalian cells, export of the ATG9A isoform from the TGN into ATG9A-containing vesicles is mediated by the adaptor protein 4 (AP-4) complex. However, the mechanisms responsible for the subsequent distribution of these vesicles to the cell periphery are unclear. Herein we show that the AP-4-accessory protein RUSC2 couples ATG9A-containing vesicles to the plus-end-directed microtubule motor kinesin-1 via an interaction between a disordered region of RUSC2 and the kinesin-1 light chain. This interaction is counteracted by the microtubule-associated protein WDR47. These findings uncover a mechanism for the peripheral distribution of ATG9A-containing vesicles involving the function of RUSC2 as a kinesin-1 adaptor and WDR47 as a negative regulator of this function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Guardia
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Akansha Jain
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Rafael Mattera
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Alex Friefeld
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
| | - Yan Li
- Proteomics Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
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12
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Dilsizoglu Senol A, Samarani M, Syan S, Guardia CM, Nonaka T, Liv N, Latour-Lambert P, Hasegawa M, Klumperman J, Bonifacino JS, Zurzolo C. α-Synuclein fibrils subvert lysosome structure and function for the propagation of protein misfolding between cells through tunneling nanotubes. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001287. [PMID: 34283825 PMCID: PMC8291706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in specific brain regions is a hallmark of synucleinopathies including Parkinson disease (PD). α-Syn aggregates propagate in a "prion-like" manner and can be transferred inside lysosomes to recipient cells through tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). However, how lysosomes participate in the spreading of α-syn aggregates is unclear. Here, by using super-resolution (SR) and electron microscopy (EM), we find that α-syn fibrils affect the morphology of lysosomes and impair their function in neuronal cells. In addition, we demonstrate that α-syn fibrils induce peripheral redistribution of lysosomes, likely mediated by transcription factor EB (TFEB), increasing the efficiency of α-syn fibrils' transfer to neighboring cells. We also show that lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) allows the seeding of soluble α-syn in cells that have taken up α-syn fibrils from the culture medium, and, more importantly, in healthy cells in coculture, following lysosome-mediated transfer of the fibrils. Moreover, we demonstrate that seeding occurs mainly at lysosomes in both donor and acceptor cells, after uptake of α-syn fibrils from the medium and following their transfer, respectively. Finally, by using a heterotypic coculture system, we determine the origin and nature of the lysosomes transferred between cells, and we show that donor cells bearing α-syn fibrils transfer damaged lysosomes to acceptor cells, while also receiving healthy lysosomes from them. These findings thus contribute to the elucidation of the mechanism by which α-syn fibrils spread through TNTs, while also revealing the crucial role of lysosomes, working as a Trojan horse for both seeding and propagation of disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Dilsizoglu Senol
- Unité de Trafic Membranaire et Pathogénèse, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Maura Samarani
- Unité de Trafic Membranaire et Pathogénèse, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Syan
- Unité de Trafic Membranaire et Pathogénèse, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Carlos M. Guardia
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Takashi Nonaka
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nalan Liv
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Patricia Latour-Lambert
- Dynamique des Interaction Hôte–Pathogène, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Judith Klumperman
- Section Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juan S. Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chiara Zurzolo
- Unité de Trafic Membranaire et Pathogénèse, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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13
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De Pace R, Britt DJ, Mercurio J, Foster AM, Djavaherian L, Hoffmann V, Abebe D, Bonifacino JS. Synaptic Vesicle Precursors and Lysosomes Are Transported by Different Mechanisms in the Axon of Mammalian Neurons. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107775. [PMID: 32553155 PMCID: PMC7478246 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BORC is a multisubunit complex previously shown to promote coupling of mammalian lysosomes and C. elegans synaptic vesicle (SV) precursors (SVPs) to kinesins for anterograde transport of these organelles along microtubule tracks. We attempted to meld these observations into a unified model for axonal transport in mammalian neurons by testing two alternative hypotheses: (1) that SV and lysosomal proteins are co-transported within a single type of “lysosome-related vesicle” and (2) that SVPs and lysosomes are distinct organelles, but both depend on BORC for axonal transport. Analyses of various types of neurons from wild-type rats and mice, as well as from BORC-deficient mice, show that neither hypothesis is correct. We find that SVPs and lysosomes are transported separately, but only lysosomes depend on BORC for axonal transport in these neurons. These findings demonstrate that SVPs and lysosomes are distinct organelles that rely on different machineries for axonal transport in mammalian neurons. De Pace et al. show that lysosomes and synaptic vesicle precursors (SVPs) are distinct organelles that move separately from the soma to the axon in rat and mouse neurons. Moreover, they demonstrate that the BLOC-1-related complex (BORC) is required for the transport of lysosomes but not SVPs in mouse neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella De Pace
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dylan J Britt
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeffrey Mercurio
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Arianne M Foster
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lucas Djavaherian
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Victoria Hoffmann
- Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Abebe
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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14
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Kesisova IA, Robinson BP, Spiliotis ET. A septin GTPase scaffold of dynein-dynactin motors triggers retrograde lysosome transport. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211663. [PMID: 33416861 PMCID: PMC7802366 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202005219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic and signaling functions of lysosomes depend on their intracellular positioning and trafficking, but the underlying mechanisms are little understood. Here, we have discovered a novel septin GTPase-based mechanism for retrograde lysosome transport. We found that septin 9 (SEPT9) associates with lysosomes, promoting the perinuclear localization of lysosomes in a Rab7-independent manner. SEPT9 targeting to mitochondria and peroxisomes is sufficient to recruit dynein and cause perinuclear clustering. We show that SEPT9 interacts with both dynein and dynactin through its GTPase domain and N-terminal extension, respectively. Strikingly, SEPT9 associates preferentially with the dynein intermediate chain (DIC) in its GDP-bound state, which favors dimerization and assembly into septin multimers. In response to oxidative cell stress induced by arsenite, SEPT9 localization to lysosomes is enhanced, promoting the perinuclear clustering of lysosomes. We posit that septins function as GDP-activated scaffolds for the cooperative assembly of dynein-dynactin, providing an alternative mechanism of retrograde lysosome transport at steady state and during cellular adaptation to stress.
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15
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Tang T, Yang ZY, Wang D, Yang XY, Wang J, Li L, Wen Q, Gao L, Bian XW, Yu SC. The role of lysosomes in cancer development and progression. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:131. [PMID: 33292489 PMCID: PMC7677787 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00489-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. Thus, lysosomes play important roles in cellular activity. In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. Therefore, identifying the factors and mechanisms that regulate the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes and elucidating the relationship between lysosomes and the development and progression of cancer can provide important information for cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction and may yield new therapeutic targets. This study briefly reviews the above information and explores the potential value of lysosomes in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ze-Yu Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xian-Yan Yang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shi-Cang Yu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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16
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Lysosomes as dynamic regulators of cell and organismal homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 21:101-118. [DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Phosphoinositides in the control of lysosome function and homeostasis. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:1173-1185. [PMID: 31383818 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main degradative compartments of mammalian cells and serve as platforms for cellular nutrient signaling and sterol transport. The diverse functions of lysosomes and their adaptation to extracellular and intracellular cues are tightly linked to the spatiotemporally controlled synthesis, turnover and interconversion of lysosomal phosphoinositides, minor phospholipids that define membrane identity and couple membrane dynamics to cell signaling. How precisely lysosomal phosphoinositides act and which effector proteins within the lysosome membrane or at the lysosomal surface recognize them is only now beginning to emerge. Importantly, mutations in phosphoinositide metabolizing enzyme cause lysosomal dysfunction and are associated with numerous diseases ranging from neurodegeneration to cancer. Here, we discuss the phosphoinositides and phosphoinositide metabolizing enzymes implicated in lysosome function and homeostasis and outline perspectives for future research.
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18
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Lysosome motility and distribution: Relevance in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1076-1087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Mohan N, Sorokina EM, Verdeny IV, Alvarez AS, Lakadamyali M. Detyrosinated microtubules spatially constrain lysosomes facilitating lysosome-autophagosome fusion. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:632-643. [PMID: 30567713 PMCID: PMC6363446 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Detyrosinated microtubules constitute a minor subpopulation of microtubules in epithelial cells. Lysosomes are specifically enriched on detyrosinated microtubules through a kinesin-1–dependent mechanism. This spatial constraining of lysosomes to a subset of microtubules enables them to efficiently encounter and fuse with autophagosomes to initiate autophagy. Microtubule post-translational modifications impart functional diversity to microtubules by affecting their dynamics, organization, and interaction with proteins. Using super-resolution microscopy, we show that only a small subpopulation of microtubules are detyrosinated in epithelial cells, while acetylated and tyrosinated microtubules comprise the majority of all microtubules. Surprisingly, lysosomes are enriched by approximately threefold on detyrosinated microtubules. Further, their motility on detyrosinated microtubules is impaired, showing shorter runs and more frequent and longer pauses. Lysosome enrichment is mediated through a kinesin-1–dependent mechanism, since knocking down this motor abolishes enrichment. Finally, correlative live-cell and super-resolution microscopy showed that lysosomes interact with autophagosomes on detyrosinated microtubules. Removal of detyrosinated microtubules or knockdown of kinesin-1 leads to a decrease in the percentage of autolysosomes, a fusion intermediate of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Taken together, our data reveal a new role of detyrosinated microtubules as hubs that spatially concentrate lysosomes on a small subset of microtubules and facilitate their interaction and fusion with autophagosomes to initiate autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Mohan
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Elena M Sorokina
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ione Vilanova Verdeny
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Sandoval Alvarez
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA .,Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Gordon MA, Babbs B, Cochrane DR, Bitler BG, Richer JK. The long non-coding RNA MALAT1 promotes ovarian cancer progression by regulating RBFOX2-mediated alternative splicing. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:196-205. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Gordon
- Department of Pathology, Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado; Aurora Colorado
| | - Beatrice Babbs
- Department of Pathology, Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado; Aurora Colorado
| | - Dawn R. Cochrane
- Department of Molecular Oncology; British Columbia Cancer Agency; Vancouver Canada
| | - Benjamin G. Bitler
- Department of Pathology, Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado; Aurora Colorado
| | - Jennifer K. Richer
- Department of Pathology, Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Colorado; Aurora Colorado
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21
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Naslavsky N, Caplan S. The enigmatic endosome - sorting the ins and outs of endocytic trafficking. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/13/jcs216499. [PMID: 29980602 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.216499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The early endosome (EE), also known as the sorting endosome (SE) is a crucial station for the sorting of cargoes, such as receptors and lipids, through the endocytic pathways. The term endosome relates to the receptacle-like nature of this organelle, to which endocytosed cargoes are funneled upon internalization from the plasma membrane. Having been delivered by the fusion of internalized vesicles with the EE or SE, cargo molecules are then sorted to a variety of endocytic pathways, including the endo-lysosomal pathway for degradation, direct or rapid recycling to the plasma membrane, and to a slower recycling pathway that involves a specialized form of endosome known as a recycling endosome (RE), often localized to the perinuclear endocytic recycling compartment (ERC). It is striking that 'the endosome', which plays such essential cellular roles, has managed to avoid a precise description, and its characteristics remain ambiguous and heterogeneous. Moreover, despite the rapid advances in scientific methodologies, including breakthroughs in light microscopy, overall, the endosome remains poorly defined. This Review will attempt to collate key characteristics of the different types of endosomes and provide a platform for discussion of this unique and fascinating collection of organelles. Moreover, under-developed, poorly understood and important open questions will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naava Naslavsky
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Steve Caplan
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA .,The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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22
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Yu Y, Xiong Y, Montani JP, Yang Z, Ming XF. Arginase-II activates mTORC1 through myosin-1b in vascular cell senescence and apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:313. [PMID: 29472548 PMCID: PMC5833809 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Type-II L-arginine:ureahydrolase, arginase-II (Arg-II), is shown to activate mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway and contributes to cell senescence and apoptosis. In an attempt to elucidate the underlying mechanism, we identified myosin-1b (Myo1b) as a mediator. Overexpression of Arg-II induces re-distribution of lysosome and mTOR but not of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) from perinuclear area to cell periphery, dissociation of TSC from lysosome and activation of mTORC1-ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) pathway. Silencing Myo1b prevents all these alterations induced by Arg-II. By overexpressing Myo1b or its mutant with point mutation in its pleckstrin homology (PH) domain we further demonstrate that this effect of Myo1b is dependent on its PH domain that is required for Myo1b-lysosome association. Notably, Arg-II promotes association of Myo1b with lysosomes. In addition, we show that in senescent vascular smooth muscle cells with elevated endogenous Arg-II, silencing Myo1b prevents Arg-II-mediated lysosomal positioning, dissociation of TSC from lysosome, mTORC1 activation and cell apoptosis. Taken together, our study demonstrates that Myo1b mediates the effect of Arg-II in activating mTORC1-S6K1 through promoting peripheral lysosomal positioning, that results in spatial separation and thus dissociation of TSC from lysosome, leading to hyperactive mTORC1-S6K1 signaling linking to cellular senescence/apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland. .,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Xiu-Fen Ming
- Cardiovascular and Aging Research, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland. .,National Center of Competence in Research "Kidney.CH", Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Siddiqui N, Straube A. Intracellular Cargo Transport by Kinesin-3 Motors. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:803-815. [PMID: 28918744 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917070057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular transport along microtubules enables cellular cargoes to efficiently reach the extremities of large, eukaryotic cells. While it would take more than 200 years for a small vesicle to diffuse from the cell body to the growing tip of a one-meter long axon, transport by a kinesin allows delivery in one week. It is clear from this example that the evolution of intracellular transport was tightly linked to the development of complex and macroscopic life forms. The human genome encodes 45 kinesins, 8 of those belonging to the family of kinesin-3 organelle transporters that are known to transport a variety of cargoes towards the plus end of microtubules. However, their mode of action, their tertiary structure, and regulation are controversial. In this review, we summarize the latest developments in our understanding of these fascinating molecular motors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Siddiqui
- Centre for Mechanochemical Cell Biology, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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24
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Bonifacino JS, Neefjes J. Moving and positioning the endolysosomal system. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2017; 47:1-8. [PMID: 28231489 PMCID: PMC5537022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The endolysosomal system is extremely dynamic, yet highly organized. The spatio-temporal distribution of endolysosomal organelles depends on transport driven by microtubule motors such as kinesins and dynein, and by actin-based myosin motors. It has recently become appreciated that interactions with motors are controlled by contacts with other organelles, particularly the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER also controls the concentration of endolysosomal organelles in the perinuclear area, as well as their fission and fusion, through a complex system of tethering proteins. Dynamic interactions go both ways, as contacts with endosomes can influence the movement of the ER and peroxisomes. The dynamics of endolysosomal organelles should thus no longer be studied in isolation, but in the context of the whole endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center LUMC, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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25
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BORC/kinesin-1 ensemble drives polarized transport of lysosomes into the axon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2955-E2964. [PMID: 28320970 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616363114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of lysosomes to move within the cytoplasm is important for many cellular functions. This ability is particularly critical in neurons, which comprise vast, highly differentiated domains such as the axon and dendrites. The mechanisms that control lysosome movement in these domains, however, remain poorly understood. Here we show that an ensemble of BORC, Arl8, SKIP, and kinesin-1, previously shown to mediate centrifugal transport of lysosomes in nonneuronal cells, specifically drives lysosome transport into the axon, and not the dendrites, in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. This transport is essential for maintenance of axonal growth-cone dynamics and autophagosome turnover. Our findings illustrate how a general mechanism for lysosome dispersal in nonneuronal cells is adapted to drive polarized transport in neurons, and emphasize the importance of this mechanism for critical axonal processes.
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26
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Guardia CM, Farías GG, Jia R, Pu J, Bonifacino JS. BORC Functions Upstream of Kinesins 1 and 3 to Coordinate Regional Movement of Lysosomes along Different Microtubule Tracks. Cell Rep 2016; 17:1950-1961. [PMID: 27851960 PMCID: PMC5136296 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The multiple functions of lysosomes are critically dependent on their ability to undergo bidirectional movement along microtubules between the center and the periphery of the cell. Centrifugal and centripetal movement of lysosomes is mediated by kinesin and dynein motors, respectively. We recently described a multi-subunit complex named BORC that recruits the small GTPase Arl8 to lysosomes to promote their kinesin-dependent movement toward the cell periphery. Here, we show that BORC and Arl8 function upstream of two structurally distinct kinesin types: kinesin-1 (KIF5B) and kinesin-3 (KIF1Bβ and KIF1A). Remarkably, KIF5B preferentially moves lysosomes on perinuclear tracks enriched in acetylated α-tubulin, whereas KIF1Bβ and KIF1A drive lysosome movement on more rectilinear, peripheral tracks enriched in tyrosinated α-tubulin. These findings establish BORC as a master regulator of lysosome positioning through coupling to different kinesins and microtubule tracks. Common regulation by BORC enables coordinate control of lysosome movement in different regions of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Guardia
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ginny G Farías
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rui Jia
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jing Pu
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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27
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Pu J, Guardia CM, Keren-Kaplan T, Bonifacino JS. Mechanisms and functions of lysosome positioning. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4329-4339. [PMID: 27799357 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.196287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes have been classically considered terminal degradative organelles, but in recent years they have been found to participate in many other cellular processes, including killing of intracellular pathogens, antigen presentation, plasma membrane repair, cell adhesion and migration, tumor invasion and metastasis, apoptotic cell death, metabolic signaling and gene regulation. In addition, lysosome dysfunction has been shown to underlie not only rare lysosome storage disorders but also more common diseases, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The involvement of lysosomes in most of these processes is now known to depend on the ability of lysosomes to move throughout the cytoplasm. Here, we review recent findings on the mechanisms that mediate the motility and positioning of lysosomes, and the importance of lysosome dynamics for cell physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pu
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Carlos M Guardia
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tal Keren-Kaplan
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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28
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Starling GP, Yip YY, Sanger A, Morton PE, Eden ER, Dodding MP. Folliculin directs the formation of a Rab34-RILP complex to control the nutrient-dependent dynamic distribution of lysosomes. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:823-41. [PMID: 27113757 PMCID: PMC4893818 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution of lysosomes is important for their function and is, in part, controlled by cellular nutrient status. Here, we show that the lysosome associated Birt-Hoge-Dubé (BHD) syndrome renal tumour suppressor folliculin (FLCN) regulates this process. FLCN promotes the peri-nuclear clustering of lysosomes following serum and amino acid withdrawal and is supported by the predominantly Golgi-associated small GTPase Rab34. Rab34-positive peri-nuclear membranes contact lysosomes and cause a reduction in lysosome motility and knockdown of FLCN inhibits Rab34-induced peri-nuclear lysosome clustering. FLCN interacts directly via its C-terminal DENN domain with the Rab34 effector RILP Using purified recombinant proteins, we show that the FLCN-DENN domain does not act as a GEF for Rab34, but rather, loads active Rab34 onto RILP We propose a model whereby starvation-induced FLCN association with lysosomes drives the formation of contact sites between lysosomes and Rab34-positive peri-nuclear membranes that restrict lysosome motility and thus promote their retention in this region of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina P Starling
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yan Y Yip
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anneri Sanger
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Penny E Morton
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily R Eden
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mark P Dodding
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
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29
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Mauvezin C, Neisch AL, Ayala CI, Kim J, Beltrame A, Braden CR, Gardner MK, Hays TS, Neufeld TP. Coordination of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and transport by a Klp98A-Rab14 complex in Drosophila. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:971-82. [PMID: 26763909 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.175224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Degradation of cellular material by autophagy is essential for cell survival and homeostasis, and requires intracellular transport of autophagosomes to encounter acidic lysosomes through unknown mechanisms. Here, we identify the PX-domain-containing kinesin Klp98A as a new regulator of autophagosome formation, transport and maturation in Drosophila. Depletion of Klp98A caused abnormal clustering of autophagosomes and lysosomes at the cell center and reduced the formation of starvation-induced autophagic vesicles. Reciprocally, overexpression of Klp98A redistributed autophagic vesicles towards the cell periphery. These effects were accompanied by reduced autophagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagic degradation. In contrast, depletion of the conventional kinesin heavy chain caused a similar mislocalization of autophagosomes without perturbing their fusion with lysosomes, indicating that vesicle fusion and localization are separable and independent events. Klp98A-mediated fusion required the endolysosomal GTPase Rab14, which interacted and colocalized with Klp98A, and required Klp98A for normal localization. Thus, Klp98A coordinates the movement and fusion of autophagic vesicles by regulating their positioning and interaction with the endolysosomal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mauvezin
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Amanda L Neisch
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carlos I Ayala
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jung Kim
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Abigail Beltrame
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christopher R Braden
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Melissa K Gardner
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thomas S Hays
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thomas P Neufeld
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, 6-160 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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30
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Pu J, Schindler C, Jia R, Jarnik M, Backlund P, Bonifacino JS. BORC, a multisubunit complex that regulates lysosome positioning. Dev Cell 2015; 33:176-88. [PMID: 25898167 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The positioning of lysosomes within the cytoplasm is emerging as a critical determinant of many lysosomal functions. Here we report the identification of a multisubunit complex named BORC that regulates lysosome positioning. BORC comprises eight subunits, some of which are shared with the BLOC-1 complex involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles, and the others of which are products of previously uncharacterized open reading frames. BORC associates peripherally with the lysosomal membrane, where it functions to recruit the small GTPase Arl8. This initiates a chain of interactions that promotes the kinesin-dependent movement of lysosomes toward the plus ends of microtubules in the peripheral cytoplasm. Interference with BORC or other components of this pathway results in collapse of the lysosomal population into the pericentriolar region. In turn, this causes reduced cell spreading and migration, highlighting the importance of BORC-dependent centrifugal transport for non-degradative functions of lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pu
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christina Schindler
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rui Jia
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michal Jarnik
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter Backlund
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan S Bonifacino
- Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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31
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Bentley M, Decker H, Luisi J, Banker G. A novel assay reveals preferential binding between Rabs, kinesins, and specific endosomal subpopulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 208:273-81. [PMID: 25624392 PMCID: PMC4315250 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201408056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel assay based on expressing FRB-tagged candidate vesicle-binding protein reveals that KIF13A and KIF13B bind preferentially to early endosomes, whereas KIF1A and KIF1Bβ bind preferentially to late endosomes and lysosomes. Identifying the proteins that regulate vesicle trafficking is a fundamental problem in cell biology. In this paper, we introduce a new assay that involves the expression of an FKBP12-rapamycin–binding domain–tagged candidate vesicle-binding protein, which can be inducibly linked to dynein or kinesin. Vesicles can be labeled by any convenient method. If the candidate protein binds the labeled vesicles, addition of the linker drug results in a predictable, highly distinctive change in vesicle localization. This assay generates robust and easily interpretable results that provide direct experimental evidence of binding between a candidate protein and the vesicle population of interest. We used this approach to compare the binding of Kinesin-3 family members with different endosomal populations. We found that KIF13A and KIF13B bind preferentially to early endosomes and that KIF1A and KIF1Bβ bind preferentially to late endosomes and lysosomes. This assay may have broad utility for identifying the trafficking proteins that bind to different vesicle populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Bentley
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Helena Decker
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Julie Luisi
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Gary Banker
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239
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32
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Sopipong W, Tangkijvanich P, Payungporn S, Posuwan N, Poovorawan Y. The KIF1B (rs17401966) single nucleotide polymorphism is not associated with the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Thai patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:2865-9. [PMID: 23803045 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.5.2865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can become chronic and if left untreated can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Thailand is endemic for HBV and HCC is one of the top five cancers, causing deaths among Thai HBV-infected males. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the KIF1B gene locus, rs17401966, has been shown to be strongly associated with the development of HBV-related HCC. However, there are no Thai data on genotypic distribution and allele frequencies of rs17401966. Thai HBV patients seropositive for HBsAg (n=398) were therefore divided into two groups: a case group (chronic HBV with HCC; n=202) and a control group (HBV carriers without HCC; n=196). rs17401966 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by direct nucleotide sequencing. The genotypic distribution of rs174019660 for homozygous major genotype (AA), heterozygous minor genotype (AG) and homozygous minor genotype (GG) in the case group was 49.5% (n=100), 40.1% (n=81) and 10.4% (n=21), respectively, and in controls was 49.5% (n=97), 42.3% (n=83) and 8.2% (n=16). Binary logistic regression showed that rs17401966 was not statistically associated with the risk of HCC development in Thai chronic HBV patients (p-value=0.998, OR=1.00 and 95% CI=0.68-1.48). In conclusion, the KIF1B gene SNP (rs174019660) investigated in this study showed no significant association with HBV-related HCC in Thai patients infected with HBV, indicating that there must be other mechanisms or pathways involved in the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watanyoo Sopipong
- Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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33
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Li K, Yang L, Zhang C, Niu Y, Li W, Liu JJ. HPS6 interacts with dynactin p150Glued to mediate retrograde trafficking and maturation of lysosomes. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:4574-88. [PMID: 25189619 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.141978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6 protein (HPS6) has originally been identified as a subunit of the BLOC-2 protein complex that is involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles. Here, we demonstrate that HPS6 directly interacts with the dynactin p150(Glued) subunit of the dynein-dynactin motor complex and acts as cargo adaptor for the retrograde motor to mediate the transport of lysosomes from the cell periphery to the perinuclear region. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of HPS6 in HeLa cells not only partially blocks centripetal movement of lysosomes but also causes delay in lysosome-mediated protein degradation. Moreover, lysosomal acidification and degradative capacity, as well as fusion between late endosomes and/or multivesicular bodies and lysosomes are also impaired when HPS6 is depleted, suggesting that perinuclear positioning mediated by the dynein-dynactin motor complex is required for lysosome maturation and activity. Our results have uncovered a so-far-unknown specific role for HPS6 in the spatial distribution of the lysosomal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jia-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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34
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Abstract
Among the largest cells in the body, neurons possess an immense surface area and intricate geometry that poses many unique cell biological challenges. This morphological complexity is critical for neural circuit formation and enables neurons to compartmentalize cell-cell communication and local intracellular signalling to a degree that surpasses other cell types. The adaptive plastic properties of neurons, synapses and circuits have been classically studied by measurement of electrophysiological properties, ionic conductances and excitability. Over the last 15 years, the field of synaptic and neural electrophysiology has collided with neuronal cell biology to produce a more integrated understanding of how these remarkable highly differentiated cells utilize common eukaryotic cellular machinery to decode, integrate and propagate signals in the nervous system. The present article gives a very brief and personal overview of the organelles and trafficking machinery of neuronal dendrites and their role in dendritic and synaptic plasticity.
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35
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Granger E, McNee G, Allan V, Woodman P. The role of the cytoskeleton and molecular motors in endosomal dynamics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 31:20-9. [PMID: 24727350 PMCID: PMC4071412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The endocytic pathway is essential for processes that define how cells interact with their environment, including receptor signalling, cell adhesion and migration, pathogen entry, membrane protein turnover and nutrient uptake. The spatial organisation of endocytic trafficking requires motor proteins that tether membranes or transport them along the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Microtubules, actin filaments and motor proteins also provide force to deform and assist in the scission of membranes, thereby facilitating endosomal sorting and the generation of transport intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Granger
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Gavin McNee
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Victoria Allan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Philip Woodman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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36
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Neefjes J, van der Kant R. Stuck in traffic: an emerging theme in diseases of the nervous system. Trends Neurosci 2014; 37:66-76. [PMID: 24411104 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has seen an explosion of DNA sequencing activities and many mutations and genetic variances underlying neurological and neurodegenerative diseases have been determined. This wealth of genetic data is now placed in molecular pathways revealing the nodes that underlie the disrupted processes. Many mutations in neurological diseases affect proteins controlling endosomal/lysosomal transport. Although the age of onset of these diseases range from juvenile [i.e., Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease] to late onset (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease), deregulation of endosomal transport is a common theme. This review summarizes how elucidating the genetic basis for the various neurological diseases has advanced our understanding of the endo-lysosomal system and why the various mutations all translate into similar disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Neefjes
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Rik van der Kant
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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37
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Li Y, Liu J, McLaughlin N, Bachvarov D, Saifudeen Z, El-Dahr SS. Genome-wide analysis of the p53 gene regulatory network in the developing mouse kidney. Physiol Genomics 2013; 45:948-64. [PMID: 24003036 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00113.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite mounting evidence that p53 senses and responds to physiological cues in vivo, existing knowledge regarding p53 function and target genes is largely derived from studies in cancer or stressed cells. Herein we utilize p53 transcriptome and ChIP-Seq (chromatin immunoprecipitation-high throughput sequencing) analyses to identify p53 regulated pathways in the embryonic kidney, an organ that develops via mesenchymal-epithelial interactions. This integrated approach allowed identification of novel genes that are possible direct p53 targets during kidney development. We find the p53-regulated transcriptome in the embryonic kidney is largely composed of genes regulating developmental, morphogenesis, and metabolic pathways. Surprisingly, genes in cell cycle and apoptosis pathways account for <5% of differentially expressed transcripts. Of 7,893 p53-occupied genomic regions (peaks), the vast majority contain consensus p53 binding sites. Interestingly, 78% of p53 peaks in the developing kidney lie within proximal promoters of annotated genes compared with 7% in a representative cancer cell line; 25% of the differentially expressed p53-bound genes are present in nephron progenitors and nascent nephrons, including key transcriptional regulators, components of Fgf, Wnt, Bmp, and Notch pathways, and ciliogenesis genes. The results indicate widespread p53 binding to the genome in vivo and context-dependent differences in the p53 regulon between cancer, stress, and development. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of the p53 transcriptome and cistrome in a developing mammalian organ, substantiating the role of p53 as a bona fide developmental regulator. We conclude p53 targets transcriptional networks regulating nephrogenesis and cellular metabolism during kidney development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Li
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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38
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Abstract
Two key questions in the autophagy field are the mechanisms that underlie the signals for autophagy initiation and the source of membrane for expansion of the nascent membrane, the phagophore. In this review, we discuss recent findings highlighting the role of the classical endosomal pathway, from plasma membrane to lysosome, in the formation and expansion of the phagophore and subsequent degradation of the autophagosome contents. We also highlight the striking conservation of regulatory factors between the two pathways, including those regulating membrane budding and fusion, and the role of the lysosome in sensing the nutrient status of the cell, regulating mTORC1 activity, and ultimately the initiation of autophagy. Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays The evolution of dynamin to regulate clathrin-mediated endocytosis Abstract.
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39
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Fader CM, Aguilera MO, Colombo MI. ATP is released from autophagic vesicles to the extracellular space in a VAMP7-dependent manner. Autophagy 2012; 8:1741-56. [PMID: 22951367 DOI: 10.4161/auto.21858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a normal degradative pathway that involves the sequestration of cytoplasmic components and organelles in a vacuole called autophagosome. SNAREs proteins are key molecules of the vesicle fusion machinery. Our results indicate that in a mammalian tumor cell line a subset of VAMP7 (V-SNARE)-positive vacuoles colocalize with LC3 at the cell periphery (focal adhesions) upon starvation. The re-distribution of VAMP7 positive structures is a microtubule-dependent event, with the participation of the motor protein KIF5 and the RAB7 effector RILP. Interestingly, most of the VAMP7-labeled vesicles were loaded with ATP. Moreover, in cells subjected to starvation, these structures fuse with the plasma membrane to release the nucleotide to the extracellular medium. Summarizing, our results show the molecular components involved in the release of ATP to extracellular space, which is recognized as an important autocrine/paracrine signal molecule that participates in the regulation of several cellular functions such as immunogenicity of cancer cell death or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Marcelo Fader
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular-Instituto de Histología y Embriología (IHEM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina
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40
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Gentil BJ, Cooper L. Molecular basis of axonal dysfunction and traffic impairments in CMT. Brain Res Bull 2012; 88:444-53. [PMID: 22595495 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most common inherited neurological disorders. It comprises a group of diseases caused by mutations in genes involved in Schwann cells homeostasis and neuronal function that affect the peripheral nerves. So far mutations in more than 33 genes have been identified causing either the demyelinating form (CMT1) or the axonal form (CMT2). Genes involving a large variety of unrelated functions may lead to the same phenotype when mutated. Our review will focus on the common link between genes causing axonal phenotypes like MFN2, KIF1B, DYNC1H1, Rab7, TRPV4, ARSs, NEFL, HSPB1, MPZ, and HSPB8. While KIF1B and DYNC1H1, two genes coding for molecular motors, are directly linked to axonal transport, the involvement of the other CMT2-causing genes in this function is less obvious. However, the last years have seen a growing list of evidence demonstrating that intracellular trafficking and mitochondrial dynamics might be dysfunctional in CMT2, and these mechanisms might present a common link between dissimilar CMT2-causing genes. The involvement of impaired transport in the pathogenesis of other rare neurological diseases or recessive CMT2 is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit J Gentil
- Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4 Canada.
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41
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Rosa-Ferreira C, Munro S. Arl8 and SKIP act together to link lysosomes to kinesin-1. Dev Cell 2012; 21:1171-8. [PMID: 22172677 PMCID: PMC3240744 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes move bidirectionally on microtubules, and this motility can be stimulated by overexpression of the small GTPase Arl8. By using affinity chromatography, we find that Arl8-GTP binds to the soluble protein SKIP (SifA and kinesin-interacting protein, aka PLEKHM2). SKIP was originally identified as a target of the Salmonella effector protein SifA and found to bind the light chain of kinesin-1 to activate the motor on the bacteria's replicative vacuole. We show that in uninfected cells both Arl8 and SKIP are required for lysosomes to distribute away from the microtubule-organizing center. We identify two kinesin light chain binding motifs in SKIP that are required for lysosomes to accumulate kinesin-1 and redistribute to the cell periphery. Thus, Arl8 binding to SKIP provides a link from lysosomal membranes to plus-end-directed motility. A splice variant of SKIP that lacks a light chain binding motif does not stimulate movement, suggesting fine-tuning by alternative splicing.
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42
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Korolchuk VI, Saiki S, Lichtenberg M, Siddiqi FH, Roberts EA, Imarisio S, Jahreiss L, Sarkar S, Futter M, Menzies FM, O'Kane CJ, Deretic V, Rubinsztein DC. Lysosomal positioning coordinates cellular nutrient responses. Nat Cell Biol 2011; 13:453-60. [PMID: 21394080 PMCID: PMC3071334 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 645] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling and macroautophagy (henceforth autophagy) regulate numerous pathological and physiological processes, including cellular responses to altered nutrient levels. However, the mechanisms regulating mTOR and autophagy remain incompletely understood. Lysosomes are dynamic intracellular organelles intimately involved both in the activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signalling and in degrading autophagic substrates. Here we report that lysosomal positioning coordinates anabolic and catabolic responses with changes in nutrient availability by orchestrating early plasma-membrane signalling events, mTORC1 signalling and autophagy. Activation of mTORC1 by nutrients correlates with its presence on peripheral lysosomes that are physically close to the upstream signalling modules, whereas starvation causes perinuclear clustering of lysosomes, driven by changes in intracellular pH. Lysosomal positioning regulates mTORC1 signalling, which in turn influences autophagosome formation. Lysosome positioning also influences autophagosome-lysosome fusion rates, and thus controls autophagic flux by acting at both the initiation and termination stages of the process. Our findings provide a physiological role for the dynamic state of lysosomal positioning in cells as a coordinator of mTORC1 signalling with autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor I. Korolchuk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Shinji Saiki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Maike Lichtenberg
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Farah H. Siddiqi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Esteban A. Roberts
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Sara Imarisio
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Luca Jahreiss
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Sovan Sarkar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Marie Futter
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Fiona M. Menzies
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Cahir J. O'Kane
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EH, UK
| | - Vojo Deretic
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - David C. Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Genetics, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
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43
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Poüs C, Codogno P. Lysosome positioning coordinates mTORC1 activity and autophagy. Nat Cell Biol 2011; 13:342-4. [DOI: 10.1038/ncb0411-342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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44
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Yu Y, Feng YM. The role of kinesin family proteins in tumorigenesis and progression: potential biomarkers and molecular targets for cancer therapy. Cancer 2011; 116:5150-60. [PMID: 20661912 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.25461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The kinesin superfamily contains a conserved class of microtubule-dependent molecular motor proteins that possess an adenosine triphosphatase activity and motion characteristics. The active movement of kinesins supports several cellular functions, including mitosis, meiosis, and the transport of macromolecules. Mitosis is a process of eukaryotic cell division that involves the division of nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles, and the cell membrane into 2 daughter cells with roughly equivalent portions of these cellular components. Any errors in this process could result in cell death, abnormality (such as gene deletion, chromosome translocation, or duplication), and cancer. Because mitosis is complex and highly regulated, alteration of kinesin expression or function could lead to carcinogenesis. Moreover, because human cancer is a gene-related disease involving abnormal cell growth, targeting kinesins may create a novel strategy for the control of human cancer. Indeed, several such drugs are being tested successfully in the clinic. In this review, the authors discuss in detail the structure and function of kinesins, the correlation of kinesin expression with tumorigenesis and progression, and the development of biomarkers and cancer-targeted therapy involving the kinesin family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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45
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Bitel CL, Nathan R, Wong P, Kuppasani S, Matsushita M, Kanazawa H, Frederikse PH. Evidence That ‘Brain-Specific’ Fox-1, Fox-2, and nPTB Alternatively Spliced Isoforms Are Produced in the Lens. Curr Eye Res 2010; 35:1002-11. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.500114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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46
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Steffan JJ, Snider JL, Skalli O, Welbourne T, Cardelli JA. Na+/H+ exchangers and RhoA regulate acidic extracellular pH-induced lysosome trafficking in prostate cancer cells. Traffic 2009; 10:737-53. [PMID: 19302267 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acidic extracellular pH (pHe) is a common feature of the tumor microenvironment and has been implicated in tumor invasion through the induction of protease secretion.Since lysosomes constitute the major storehouse of cellular proteases, the trafficking of lysosomes to the cell periphery may be required in order to secrete proteases. We demonstrate that a pHe of 6.4-6.8 induced the trafficking of lysosomes to membrane protrusions in the cell periphery. This trafficking event depended upon the PI3K pathway, the GTPase RhoA and sodium-proton exchange activity, resulting in lysosomal exocytosis. Acidic pHe induced a cytoplasmic acidification (although cytoplasmic acidification was not sufficient for acidic pHe-induced lysosome trafficking and exocytosis) and inhibition of NHE activity with the amiloride derivative, EIPA or the anti-diabetic agent troglitazone prevented lysosome trafficking to the cell periphery. Interestingly, using the more specific NHE1 and NHE3 inhibitors, cariporide and s3226 respectively, we show that multiple NHE isoforms are involved in acidic pHe-induced lysosome trafficking and exocytosis. Moreover, in cells expressing NHE1 shRNA, although basal NHE activity was decreased, lysosomes still underwent acidic pHe-induced trafficking,suggesting compensation by other NHE family members.Together these data implicate proton exchangers, especially NHE1 and NHE3, in acidic pHe-induced lysosome trafficking and exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Steffan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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47
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Matsushita M, Yamamoto R, Mitsui K, Kanazawa H. Altered Motor Activity of Alternative Splice Variants of the Mammalian Kinesin-3 Protein KIF1B. Traffic 2009; 10:1647-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Sugimoto Y, Konoki K, Murata M, Matsushita M, Kanazawa H, Oishi T. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Fluorinated Analogues of Salicylihalamide. J Med Chem 2008; 52:798-806. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Sugimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Konoki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Matsushita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanazawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Oishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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49
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Cho KI, Cai Y, Yi H, Yeh A, Aslanukov A, Ferreira PA. Association of the Kinesin‐Binding Domain of RanBP2 to KIF5B and KIF5C Determines Mitochondria Localization and Function. Traffic 2007; 8:1722-1735. [PMID: 17887960 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Ran-binding protein 2 (RanBP2) is a large mosaic protein with a pleiotropic role in cell function. Although the contribution of each partner and domain of RanBP2 to its biological functions are not understood, physiological deficits of RanBP2 downregulate glucose catabolism and energy homeostasis and lead to delocalization of mitochondria components in photosensory neurons. The kinesin-binding domain (KBD) of RanBP2 associates selectively in the central nervous system (CNS), and directly, with the ubiquitous and CNS-specific kinesins, KIF5B and KIF5C, respectively, but not with the highly homologous KIF5A. Here, we determine the molecular and biological bases of the selective interaction between RanBP2 and KIF5B/KIF5C. This interaction is conferred by a approximately 100-residue segment, comprising a portion of the coiled-coil and globular tail cargo-binding domains of KIF5B/KIF5C. A single residue conserved in KIF5B and KIF5C, but not KIF5A, confers KIF5-isotype-specific association with RanBP2. This interaction is also mediated by a conserved leucine-like heptad motif present in KIF5s and KBD of RanBP2. Selective inhibition of the interaction between KBD of RanBP2 and KIF5B/KIF5C in cell lines causes perinuclear clustering of mitochondria, but not of lysosomes, deficits in mitochondrial membrane potential and ultimately, cell shrinkage. Collectively, the data provide a rationale of the KIF5 subtype-specific interaction with RanBP2 and support a novel kinesin-dependent role of RanBP2 in mitochondria transport and function. The data also strengthen a model whereby the selection of a large array of cargoes for transport by a restricted number of motor proteins is mediated by adaptor proteins such as RanBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-In Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yunfei Cai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Haiqing Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Andrew Yeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Azamat Aslanukov
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Paulo A Ferreira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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50
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Schepis A, Stauber T, Krijnse Locker J. Kinesin-1 plays multiple roles during the vaccinia virus life cycle. Cell Microbiol 2007; 9:1960-73. [PMID: 17394562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00927.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic distribution of cellular structures is known to depend on the balance between plus- and minus-end-directed motor complexes. Among the plus-end-directed kinesins, kinesin-1 and -2 have been implicated in the outward movement of many organelles. To test for a role of kinesin-1 previous studies mostly relied on the overexpression of dominant-negative kinesin-1 constructs. The latter are often cytotoxic, modify the microtubule network and indirect effects related to altered microtubule dynamics should be excluded. In the present study we present a novel kinesin-1 construct, encompassing the first 330 amino acids of kinesin heavy chain fused to GFP (kin330-GFP) that does not alter microtubules upon its overexpression. Kin330-GFP functionally inhibits kinesin-1 because it induces the peri-nuclear accumulation of mitochondria and intermediate filaments. Using this construct and previously established siRNA-mediated knock-down of kinesin-2 function, we assess the role of both motors in the subcellular distribution of distinct steps of the vaccinia virus (VV) life cycle. We show that kinesin-1, but not kinesin-2, contributes to the specific cytoplasmic distribution of three of the four steps of VV morphogenesis tested. These results are discussed with respect to the possible regulation of kinesin-1 during VV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Schepis
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics Program, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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