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Okura GC, Bharadwaj AG, Waisman DM. Recent Advances in Molecular and Cellular Functions of S100A10. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1450. [PMID: 37892132 PMCID: PMC10604489 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A10 (p11, annexin II light chain, calpactin light chain) is a multifunctional protein with a wide range of physiological activity. S100A10 is unique among the S100 family members of proteins since it does not bind to Ca2+, despite its sequence and structural similarity. This review focuses on studies highlighting the structure, regulation, and binding partners of S100A10. The binding partners of S100A10 were collated and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian C. Okura
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (G.C.O.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Alamelu G. Bharadwaj
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (G.C.O.); (A.G.B.)
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - David M. Waisman
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (G.C.O.); (A.G.B.)
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
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Nguyen NH, Brodsky JL. The cellular pathways that maintain the quality control and transport of diverse potassium channels. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194908. [PMID: 36638864 PMCID: PMC9908860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Potassium channels are multi-subunit transmembrane proteins that permit the selective passage of potassium and play fundamental roles in physiological processes, such as action potentials in the nervous system and organismal salt and water homeostasis, which is mediated by the kidney. Like all ion channels, newly translated potassium channels enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and undergo the error-prone process of acquiring post-translational modifications, folding into their native conformations, assembling with other subunits, and trafficking through the secretory pathway to reach their final destinations, most commonly the plasma membrane. Disruptions in these processes can result in detrimental consequences, including various human diseases. Thus, multiple quality control checkpoints evolved to guide potassium channels through the secretory pathway and clear potentially toxic, aggregation-prone misfolded species. We will summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying potassium channel quality control in the secretory pathway, highlight diseases associated with channel misfolding, and suggest potential therapeutic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga H Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, A320 Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, A320 Langley Hall, Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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3
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Kim D, Harada K, Inoue M. Expression and function of mitochondrial inhibitor factor-1 and TASK channels in adrenal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 645:17-23. [PMID: 36657294 PMCID: PMC9900489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal medullary chromaffin (AMC) cells in the perinatal period and carotid body glomus cells after birth respond to hypoxia with catecholamine secretion. The hypoxia detection mechanism in such O2-sensitive cells is still not well defined. One hypothesis is that a decrease in cellular ATP may be involved in the hypoxia detection. This idea is based on ATP dependence of TASK channel activity that regulates the resting membrane potential and is suppressed by hypoxia in glomus cells. Mitochondrial ATPase inhibitor factor-1 (IF1), a physiological regulator of ATP synthase, helps prevent ATP hydrolysis under hypoxic conditions. In cells where IF1 expression is high, exposure to hypoxia is expected to have no effect on TASK channel activity. This possibility was electrophysiologically and immunocytochemically explored. Single channel recordings revealed that 36-pS TASK3-like channels contribute to the resting membrane potential in young rat adrenal cortical (AC) cells. TASK3-like channel activity in a cell-attached patch was not affected by bath application of mitochondrial inhibitors. Consistent with this finding, IF1-like immunoreactive material was well expressed in rat AC cells. In further support of our hypothesis, IF1-like immunoreactive material was well expressed in adult rat AMC cells that are known to be hypoxia-insensitive and minimally expressed in newborn AMC cells that are hypoxia-sensitive. These results provide evidence for the functional relevance of IF1 expression in excitability in O2-sensitive cells in response to mitochondrial inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064-3095, USA
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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Matsuoka H, Harada K, Sugawara A, Kim D, Inoue M. Expression of p11 and heteromeric TASK channels in mouse adrenal cortical cells and H295R cells. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151898. [PMID: 35526370 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK) channels are thought to contribute to the resting membrane potential in adrenal cortical (AC) cells. However, the molecular identity of TASK channels in AC cells have not yet been elucidated. Thus, immunocytochemical and molecular biological approaches were employed to investigate the expression and intracellular distribution of TASK1 and TASK3 in mouse AC cells and H295R cells derived from human adrenocortical carcinoma. Immunocytochemical study revealed that immunoreactive materials were mainly located in the cytoplasm for TASK1 and at the cell periphery for TASK3 in mouse AC cells. A similar pattern of localization was observed when GFP-TASK1 and GFP-TASK3 were exogenously expressed in H295R cells. In addition, p11 that is known to suppress the endoplasmic reticulum exit of TASK1 was localized in the cytoplasm in mouse AC and H295R cells, but not in adrenal medullary cells. Proximity ligation assay (PLA) suggested formation of heteromeric TASK1-3 channels that were found predominantly in the cytoplasm and weakly at the cell periphery. A similar distribution was observed following exogenous expression of tandem TASK1-3 channels in H295R cells. When stimulated by angiotensin II, however, tandem TASK1-3 channels were present mainly in the cytoplasm in all H295R cells. In contrast to that in H295R cells, tandem channels were exclusively located at the cell periphery in all non-stimulated and exclusively in the cytoplasm in stimulated PC12 cells, respectively. From these results, we conclude that TASK1 proteins are present mainly in the cytoplasm and minimally at the cell periphery as a heteromeric channel with TASK3, whereas the majority of TASK3 is at the cell periphery as homomeric and heteromeric channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Sugawara
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medical Science, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Donghee Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064-3095, USA
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Medicine, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
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Matsuoka H, Pokorski M, Takeda K, Okada Y, Harada K, Inoue M. Expression of p11 and TASK1 Channels in Rat Carotid Body Glomus Cells Subjected to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia. J UOEH 2022; 44:249-255. [PMID: 36089342 DOI: 10.7888/juoeh.44.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been used as a model to mimic nocturnal apnea, which is associated with hypertension. One of the mechanisms for hypertension in patients with nocturnal apnea is an enhancement of the plasma membrane response to acute hypoxia in carotid body glomus cells. Hypoxia is known to induce depolarization via inhibiting TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK) channels, one type of leak K+ channels, in glomus cells. The present experiment was undertaken to immunocytochemically investigate the effects of CIH on the expression and intracellular localization of TASK1 channels and p11 that critically affect the trafficking of TASK1 to the cell surface. The expression levels of TASK1 proteins and p11 and their intracellular localization in rat carotid body glomus cells were not noticeably affected by CIH, suggesting that the enhanced membrane response to acute hypoxia is not due to an increase in surface TASK channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
- University of Opole, Poland
| | - Kotaro Takeda
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, School of Healthcare, Fujita Health University
| | | | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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Bharadwaj A, Kempster E, Waisman DM. The Annexin A2/S100A10 Complex: The Mutualistic Symbiosis of Two Distinct Proteins. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121849. [PMID: 34944495 PMCID: PMC8699243 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutualistic symbiosis refers to the symbiotic relationship between individuals of different species in which both individuals benefit from the association. S100A10, a member of the S100 family of Ca2+-binding proteins, exists as a tight dimer and binds two annexin A2 molecules. This association forms the annexin A2/S100A10 complex known as AIIt, and modifies the distinct functions of both proteins. Annexin A2 is a Ca2+-binding protein that binds F-actin, phospholipid, RNA, and specific polysaccharides such as heparin. S100A10 does not bind Ca2+, but binds tPA, plasminogen, certain plasma membrane ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, and the structural scaffold protein, AHNAK. S100A10 relies on annexin A2 for its intracellular survival: in the absence of annexin A2, it is rapidly destroyed by ubiquitin-dependent and independent proteasomal degradation. Annexin A2 requires S100A10 to increase its affinity for Ca2+, facilitating its participation in Ca2+-dependent processes such as membrane binding. S100A10 binds tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen, and promotes plasminogen activation to plasmin, which is a process stimulated by annexin A2. In contrast, annexin A2 acts as a plasmin reductase and facilitates the autoproteolytic destruction of plasmin. This review examines the relationship between annexin A2 and S100A10, and how their mutualistic symbiosis affects the function of both proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alamelu Bharadwaj
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (A.B.); (E.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
| | - Emma Kempster
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (A.B.); (E.K.)
| | - David Morton Waisman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada; (A.B.); (E.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 1X5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(902)-494-1803; Fax: +1-(902)-494-1355
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Matsuoka H, Pokorski M, Harada K, Yoshimura R, Inoue M. Expression of p11 and Heteromeric TASK Channels in Rat Carotid Body Glomus Cells and Nerve Growth Factor-differentiated PC12 Cells. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:679-690. [PMID: 32886017 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420955246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK) homomeric channels, TASK1 and TASK3, are present in PC12 cells. The channels do not heteromerize due plausibly to a lack of p11 protein. Single-channel recording reveals that most of the rat carotid body (CB) glomus cells express heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 channels, but the presence of p11 in glomus cells has not yet been verified. TASK1, but not TASK3, binds to p11, which has a retention signal for the endoplasmic reticulum. We hypothesized that p11 could facilitate heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 formation in glomus cells. We investigated this hypothesis in isolated immunocytochemically identified rat CB glomus cells. The findings were that glomus cells expressed p11-like immunoreactive (IR) material, and TASK1- and TASK3-like IR material mainly coincided in the cytoplasm. The proximity ligation assay showed that TASK1 and TASK3 heteromerized. In separate experiments, supporting evidence for the major role of p11 for channel heteromerization was provided in PC12 cells stimulated by nerve growth factor. p11 production took place there via multiple signaling pathways comprising mitogen-activated protein kinase and phospholipase C, and heteromeric TASK1-TASK3 channels were formed. We conclude that p11 is expressed and TASK1 and TASK3 heteromerize in rat CB glomus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mieczyslaw Pokorski
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Institute of Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Medrihan L, Umschweif G, Sinha A, Reed S, Lee J, Gindinova K, Sinha SC, Greengard P, Sagi Y. Reduced Kv3.1 Activity in Dentate Gyrus Parvalbumin Cells Induces Vulnerability to Depression. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:405-414. [PMID: 32331822 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons are important for cognitive and emotional behaviors. These neurons express high levels of p11, a protein associated with depression and action of antidepressants. METHODS We characterized the behavioral response to subthreshold stress in mice with conditional deletion of p11 in PV cells. Using chemogenetics, viral-mediated gene delivery, and a specific ion channel agonist, we studied the role of dentate gyrus PV cells in regulating anxiety-like behavior and resilience to stress. We used electrophysiology, imaging, and biochemical studies in mice and cells to elucidate the function and mechanism of p11 in dentate gyrus PV cells. RESULTS p11 regulates the subcellular localization and cellular level of the potassium channel Kv3.1 in cells. Deletion of p11 from PV cells resulted in reduced hippocampal level of Kv3.1, attenuated capacity of high-frequency firing in dentate gyrus PV cells, and altered short-term plasticity at synapses on granule cells, as well as anxiety-like behavior and a pattern separation deficit. Chemogenetic inhibition or deletion of p11 in these cells induced vulnerability to depressive behavior, whereas upregulation of Kv3.1 in dentate gyrus PV cells or acute activation of Kv3.1 using a specific agonist induced resilience to depression. CONCLUSIONS The activity of dentate gyrus PV cells plays a major role in the behavioral response to novelty and stress. Activation of the Kv3.1 channel in dentate gyrus PV cells may represent a target for the development of cell-type specific, fast-acting antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Medrihan
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Gali Umschweif
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Anjana Sinha
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Shayna Reed
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Jinah Lee
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Katherina Gindinova
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Subhash C Sinha
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York
| | - Yotam Sagi
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York.
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Weisz J, Uversky VN. Zooming into the Dark Side of Human Annexin-S100 Complexes: Dynamic Alliance of Flexible Partners. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165879. [PMID: 32824294 PMCID: PMC7461550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Annexins and S100 proteins form two large families of Ca2+-binding proteins. They are quite different both structurally and functionally, with S100 proteins being small (10–12 kDa) acidic regulatory proteins from the EF-hand superfamily of Ca2+-binding proteins, and with annexins being at least three-fold larger (329 ± 12 versus 98 ± 7 residues) and using non-EF-hand-based mechanism for calcium binding. Members of both families have multiple biological roles, being able to bind to a large cohort of partners and possessing a multitude of functions. Furthermore, annexins and S100 proteins can interact with each other in either a Ca2+-dependent or Ca2+-independent manner, forming functional annexin-S100 complexes. Such functional polymorphism and binding indiscrimination are rather unexpected, since structural information is available for many annexins and S100 proteins, which therefore are considered as ordered proteins that should follow the classical “one protein–one structure–one function” model. On the other hand, the ability to be engaged in a wide range of interactions with multiple, often unrelated, binding partners and possess multiple functions represent characteristic features of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs); i.e., functional proteins or protein regions lacking unique tertiary structures. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the functional roles of human annexins and S100 proteins, and to use the protein intrinsic disorder perspective to explain their exceptional multifunctionality and binding promiscuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Weisz
- Departments of Gynecology and Pathology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA;
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-5816 (ext. 123); Fax: +1-813-974-7357
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10
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TASK channels: channelopathies, trafficking, and receptor-mediated inhibition. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:911-922. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02403-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Seo JS, Svenningsson P. Modulation of Ion Channels and Receptors by p11 (S100A10). Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:487-497. [PMID: 32418644 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
p11 (S100A10, annexin II light chain, calpactin I light chain) is a multifunctional protein that forms a heterotetrameric complex with Annexin A2, particularly at cell membranes. p11, alone or together with Annexin A2, interacts with several ion channels and receptors and regulates their cellular localization and function. Altered levels of p11 are implicated in the pathophysiology of several forms of cancer, psychiatric disorders, and neurodegeneration. Via interactions with ion channels and receptors, p11 modulates therapeutic actions of drugs targeting brain disorders. By serving as a plasminogen receptor, p11 plays an important role in plasmin generation, fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Here, we review mechanisms whereby p11 regulates functions of ion channels and receptors in health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Seon Seo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Saiki Y, Horii A. Multiple functions of S100A10, an important cancer promoter. Pathol Int 2019; 69:629-636. [PMID: 31612598 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The S100 group of calcium binding proteins is composed of 21 members that exhibit tissue/cell specific expressions. These S100 proteins bind a diverse range of targets and regulate multiple cellular processes, including proliferation, migration and differentiation. S100A10, also known as p11, binds mainly to annexin A2 and mediates the conversion of plasminogen to an active protease, plasmin. Higher S100A10 expression has been reported to link to worse outcome and/or chemoresistance in a number of cancer types in lung, breast, ovary, pancreas, gall bladder and colorectum and leukemia although some discrepancy was reported. In this review, we focused on the roles of the S100A10 in cancer. We summarized its biological functions, role in cancer progression, prognostic value and targeting of S100A10 for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Saiki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Horii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
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13
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Sp1-regulated expression of p11 contributes to motor neuron degeneration by membrane insertion of TASK1. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3784. [PMID: 31439839 PMCID: PMC6706379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption in membrane excitability contributes to malfunction and differential vulnerability of specific neuronal subpopulations in a number of neurological diseases. The adaptor protein p11, and background potassium channel TASK1, have overlapping distributions in the CNS. Here, we report that the transcription factor Sp1 controls p11 expression, which impacts on excitability by hampering functional expression of TASK1. In the SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS, Sp1-p11-TASK1 dysregulation contributes to increased excitability and vulnerability of motor neurons. Interference with either Sp1 or p11 is neuroprotective, delaying neuron loss and prolonging lifespan in this model. Nitrosative stress, a potential factor in human neurodegeneration, stimulated Sp1 expression and human p11 promoter activity, at least in part, through a Sp1-binding site. Disruption of Sp1 or p11 also has neuroprotective effects in a traumatic model of motor neuron degeneration. Together our work suggests the Sp1-p11-TASK1 pathway is a potential target for treatment of degeneration of motor neurons. The adaptor protein p11 and K+ channel TASK1 have overlapping distributions in the CNS. Here, the authors demonstrate that the transcription factor Sp1 regulates p11 levels, which in turn affects intrinsic membrane properties and can contribute to degeneration of motor neurons in disease and injury models.
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Kawasaki K, Suzuki Y, Yamamura H, Imaizumi Y. Development of a Novel Cell-Based Assay System for High-Throughput Screening of Compounds Acting on Background Two-Pore Domain K + Channels. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 24:641-652. [PMID: 30802418 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219829745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels are thought to be druggable targets. However, only a few agents specific for K2P channels have been identified, presumably due to the lack of an efficient screening system. To develop a new high-throughput screening (HTS) system targeting these channels, we have established a HEK293-based "test cell" expressing a mutated Na+ channel (Nav1.5) with markedly slowed inactivation, as well as a K+ channel (Kir2.1) that sets the membrane potential quite negative, close to K+ equilibrium potential. We found in this system that Kir2.1 block by 100 μM Ba2+ application consistently elicited a large depolarization like a long-lasting action potential. This maneuver resulted in cell death, presumably due to the sustained Na+ influx. When either the TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ (TASK)-1 or TASK-3 channel was expressed in the test cells, Ba2+-induced cell death was markedly weakened. Stronger activation of TASK-1 by extracellular acidification further decreased the cell death. In contrast, the presence of K2P channel blockers enhanced cell death. IC50 values for TASK-1 and/or TASK-3 blockers acquired by measurements of relative cell viability were comparable to those obtained using patch-clamp recordings. Both blockers and openers of K2P channels can be accurately assessed with high efficiency and throughput by this novel HTS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kawasaki
- 1 Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Suzuki
- 1 Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- 1 Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuji Imaizumi
- 1 Department of Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,2 Department of Research and Development, ChanneloSearch Technology Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan
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Cunningham KP, Holden RG, Escribano-Subias PM, Cogolludo A, Veale EL, Mathie A. Characterization and regulation of wild-type and mutant TASK-1 two pore domain potassium channels indicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Physiol 2018; 597:1087-1101. [PMID: 30365877 PMCID: PMC6376074 DOI: 10.1113/jp277275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Key points The TASK‐1 channel gene (KCNK3) has been identified as a possible disease‐causing gene in heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In the present study, we show that novel mutated TASK‐1 channels, seen in PAH patients, have a substantially reduced current compared to wild‐type TASK‐1 channels. These mutated TASK‐1 channels are located at the plasma membrane to the same degree as wild‐type TASK‐1 channels. ONO‐RS‐082 and alkaline pH 8.4 both activate TASK‐1 channels but do not recover current through mutant TASK‐1 channels. We show that the guanylate cyclase activator, riociguat, a novel treatment for PAH, enhances current through TASK‐1 channels but does not recover current through mutant TASK‐1 channels.
Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) affects ∼15–50 people per million. KCNK3, the gene that encodes the two pore domain potassium channel TASK‐1 (K2P3.1), has been identified as a possible disease‐causing gene in heritable PAH. Recently, two new mutations have been identified in KCNK3 in PAH patients: G106R and L214R. The present study aimed to characterize the functional properties and regulation of wild‐type (WT) and mutated TASK‐1 channels and determine how these might contribute to PAH and its treatment. Currents through WT and mutated human TASK‐1 channels transiently expressed in tsA201 cells were measured using whole‐cell patch clamp electrophysiology. Localization of fluorescence‐tagged channels was visualized using confocal microscopy and quantified with in‐cell and on‐cell westerns. G106R or L214R mutated channels were located at the plasma membrane to the same degree as WT channels; however, their current was markedly reduced compared to WT TASK‐1 channels. Functional current through these mutated channels could not be restored using activators of WT TASK‐1 channels (pH 8.4, ONO‐RS‐082). The guanylate cyclase activator, riociguat, enhanced current through WT TASK‐1 channels; however, similar to the other activators investigated, riociguat did not have any effect on current through mutated TASK‐1 channels. Thus, novel mutations in TASK‐1 seen in PAH substantially alter the functional properties of these channels. Current through these channels could not be restored by activators of TASK‐1 channels. Riociguat enhancement of current through TASK‐1 channels could contribute to its therapeutic benefit in the treatment of PAH. The TASK‐1 channel gene (KCNK3) has been identified as a possible disease‐causing gene in heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In the present study, we show that novel mutated TASK‐1 channels, seen in PAH patients, have a substantially reduced current compared to wild‐type TASK‐1 channels. These mutated TASK‐1 channels are located at the plasma membrane to the same degree as wild‐type TASK‐1 channels. ONO‐RS‐082 and alkaline pH 8.4 both activate TASK‐1 channels but do not recover current through mutant TASK‐1 channels. We show that the guanylate cyclase activator, riociguat, a novel treatment for PAH, enhances current through TASK‐1 channels but does not recover current through mutant TASK‐1 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Cunningham
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
| | - Robyn G Holden
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
| | | | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma L Veale
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
| | - Alistair Mathie
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK
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16
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Inoue M, Matsuoka H, Lesage F, Harada K. Lack of p11 expression facilitates acidity‐sensing function of TASK1 channels in mouse adrenal medullary cells. FASEB J 2018; 33:455-468. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800407rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Inoue
- Department of Cell and Systems PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Hidetada Matsuoka
- Department of Cell and Systems PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Florian Lesage
- Université Côte d'AzurINSERMCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et CellulaireLaboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics (LabEx ICST) Valbonne France
| | - Keita Harada
- Department of Cell and Systems PhysiologySchool of MedicineUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu Japan
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17
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Olschewski A, Veale EL, Nagy BM, Nagaraj C, Kwapiszewska G, Antigny F, Lambert M, Humbert M, Czirják G, Enyedi P, Mathie A. TASK-1 (KCNK3) channels in the lung: from cell biology to clinical implications. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/5/1700754. [PMID: 29122916 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00754-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 1 (TASK-1 encoded by KCNK3) belongs to the family of two-pore domain potassium channels. This gene subfamily is constitutively active at physiological resting membrane potentials in excitable cells, including smooth muscle cells, and has been particularly linked to the human pulmonary circulation. TASK-1 channels are sensitive to a wide array of physiological and pharmacological mediators that affect their activity such as unsaturated fatty acids, extracellular pH, hypoxia, anaesthetics and intracellular signalling pathways. Recent studies show that modulation of TASK-1 channels, either directly or indirectly by targeting their regulatory mechanisms, has the potential to control pulmonary arterial tone in humans. Furthermore, mutations in KCNK3 have been identified as a rare cause of both familial and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. This review summarises our current state of knowledge of the functional role of TASK-1 channels in the pulmonary circulation in health and disease, with special emphasis on current advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz, Graz, Austria .,Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Emma L Veale
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, UK
| | - Bence M Nagy
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris-Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Gábor Czirják
- Dept of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Enyedi
- Dept of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alistair Mathie
- Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, UK
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18
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Heterodimerization of two pore domain K+ channel TASK1 and TALK2 in living heterologous expression systems. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186252. [PMID: 29016681 PMCID: PMC5634629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-pore-domain K+ (K2P) channels sense a wide variety of stimuli such as mechanical stress, inhalational anesthetics, and changes in extracellular pH or temperature. The K2P channel activity forms a background K+ current and, thereby, contributes to resting membrane potentials. Six subfamilies including fifteen subtypes of K2P channels have been identified. Each K2P channel molecule with two pores consists of a homodimer of each subtype. In addition, a few heterodimers mainly within the same subfamilies have been found recently. In the present study, the possibility of heterodimerization between TASK1 (TWIK-Related Acid-Sensitive K+ channel) and TALK2 (TWIK-Related Alkaline pH-Activated K+ channel) was examined. These channels belong to separate subfamilies and show extremely different channel properties. Surprisingly, single molecular imaging analyses in this study using a total internal reflection microscope suggested the heterodimerization of TASK1 and TALK2 in a pancreatic cell line, QGP-1. This heterodimer was also detected using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay in a HEK293 heterologous expression system. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analyses showed that the affinity between TASK1 and TALK2 appeared to be close to those of homodimers. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that TASK1 currents in HEK293 cells were significantly attenuated by co-expression of a dominant-negative form of TALK2 in comparison with that of wild-type TALK2. The sensitivities of TASK1-TALK2 tandem constructs to extracellular pH and halothane were characterized as a unique hybrid of TASK1 and TALK2. These results suggested that heterodimerization of TASK1 and TALK2 provides cells with the ability to make multiple responses to a variety of physiological and pharmacological stimuli.
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19
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Vierra NC, Dadi PK, Milian SC, Dickerson MT, Jordan KL, Gilon P, Jacobson DA. TALK-1 channels control β cell endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ homeostasis. Sci Signal 2017; 10:eaan2883. [PMID: 28928238 PMCID: PMC5672804 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ handling by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves critical roles in controlling pancreatic β cell function and becomes perturbed during the pathogenesis of diabetes. ER Ca2+ homeostasis is determined by ion movements across the ER membrane, including K+ flux through K+ channels. We demonstrated that K+ flux through ER-localized TALK-1 channels facilitated Ca2+ release from the ER in mouse and human β cells. We found that β cells from mice lacking TALK-1 exhibited reduced basal cytosolic Ca2+ and increased ER Ca2+ concentrations, suggesting reduced ER Ca2+ leak. These changes in Ca2+ homeostasis were presumably due to TALK-1-mediated ER K+ flux, because we recorded K+ currents mediated by functional TALK-1 channels on the nuclear membrane, which is continuous with the ER. Moreover, overexpression of K+-impermeable TALK-1 channels in HEK293 cells did not reduce ER Ca2+ stores. Reduced ER Ca2+ content in β cells is associated with ER stress and islet dysfunction in diabetes, and islets from TALK-1-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet showed reduced signs of ER stress, suggesting that TALK-1 activity exacerbated ER stress. Our data establish TALK-1 channels as key regulators of β cell ER Ca2+ and suggest that TALK-1 may be a therapeutic target to reduce ER Ca2+ handling defects in β cells during the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Vierra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Prasanna K Dadi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sarah C Milian
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew T Dickerson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kelli L Jordan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Patrick Gilon
- Pôle d'endocrinologie, diabète et nutrition, Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium
| | - David A Jacobson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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20
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Luethy A, Boghosian JD, Srikantha R, Cotten JF. Halogenated Ether, Alcohol, and Alkane Anesthetics Activate TASK-3 Tandem Pore Potassium Channels Likely through a Common Mechanism. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:620-629. [PMID: 28325748 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.108290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 3 (TASK-3; KCNK9) tandem pore potassium channel function is activated by halogenated anesthetics through binding at a putative anesthetic-binding cavity. To understand the pharmacologic requirements for TASK-3 activation, we studied the concentration-response of TASK-3 to several anesthetics (isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, halothane, α-chloralose, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol [TCE], and chloral hydrate), to ethanol, and to a panel of halogenated methanes and alcohols. We used mutagenesis to probe the anesthetic-binding cavity as observed in a TASK-3 homology model. TASK-3 activation was quantified by Ussing chamber voltage clamp analysis. We mutagenized the residue Val-136, which lines the anesthetic-binding cavity, its flanking residues (132 to 140), and Leu-122, a pore-gating residue. The 2-halogenated ethanols activate wild-type TASK-3 with the following rank order efficacy (normalized current [95% confidence interval]): 2,2,2-tribromo-(267% [240-294]) > 2,2,2-trichloro-(215% [196-234]) > chloral hydrate (165% [161-176]) > 2,2-dichloro- > 2-chloro ≈ 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol > ethanol. Similarly, carbon tetrabromide (296% [245-346]), carbon tetrachloride (180% [163-196]), and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropanol (200% [194-206]) activate TASK-3, whereas the larger carbon tetraiodide and α-chloralose inhibit. Clinical agents activate TASK-3 with the following rank order efficacy: halothane (207% [202-212]) > isoflurane (169% [161-176]) > sevoflurane (164% [150-177]) > desflurane (119% [109-129]). Mutations at and near residue-136 modify TCE activation of TASK-3, and interestingly M159W, V136E, and L122D were resistant to both isoflurane and TCE activation. TASK-3 function is activated by a multiple agents and requires a halogenated substituent between ∼30 and 232 cm3/mol volume with potency increased by halogen polarizeability. Val-136 and adjacent residues may mediate anesthetic binding and stabilize an open state regulated by pore residue Leu-122. Isoflurane and TCE likely share commonalities in their mechanism of TASK-3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Luethy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.L., J.D.B., and J.F.C.); Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (A.L.); Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.S.)
| | - James D Boghosian
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.L., J.D.B., and J.F.C.); Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (A.L.); Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.S.)
| | - Rithu Srikantha
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.L., J.D.B., and J.F.C.); Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (A.L.); Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.S.)
| | - Joseph F Cotten
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (A.L., J.D.B., and J.F.C.); Department of Anesthesia, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland (A.L.); Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (R.S.)
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21
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Milosevic A, Liebmann T, Knudsen M, Schintu N, Svenningsson P, Greengard P. Cell- and region-specific expression of depression-related protein p11 (S100a10) in the brain. J Comp Neurol 2016; 525:955-975. [PMID: 27616678 PMCID: PMC5222728 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
P11 (S100a10), a member of the S100 family of proteins, has widespread distribution in the vertebrate body, including in the brain, where it has a key role in membrane trafficking, vesicle secretion, and endocytosis. Recently, our laboratory has shown that a constitutive knockout of p11 (p11-KO) in mice results in a depressive-like phenotype. Furthermore, p11 has been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD) and in the actions of antidepressants. Since depression affects multiple brain regions, and the role of p11 has only been determined in a few of these areas, a detailed analysis of p11 expression in the brain is warranted. Here we demonstrate that, although widespread in the brain, p11 expression is restricted to distinct regions, and specific neuronal and nonneuronal cell types. Furthermore, we provide comprehensive mapping of p11 expression using in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, and whole-tissue volume imaging. Overall, expression spans multiple brain regions, structures, and cell types, suggesting a complex role of p11 in depression. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:955-975, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Milosevic
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Liebmann
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margarete Knudsen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicoletta Schintu
- Section for Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CMM L8:01, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Section for Translational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CMM L8:01, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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22
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Hessner F, Dlugos CP, Chehab T, Schaefer C, Homey B, Gerke V, Weide T, Pavenstädt H, Rescher U. CC chemokine receptor 10 cell surface presentation in melanocytes is regulated by the novel interaction partner S100A10. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22649. [PMID: 26941067 PMCID: PMC4778132 DOI: 10.1038/srep22649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) conveys signals in response to various endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Consequently, GPCRs are the most important drug targets. CCR10, the receptor for the chemokines CCL27/CTACK and CCL28/MEC, belongs to the chemokine receptor subfamily of GPCRs and is thought to function in immune responses and tumour progression. However, there is only limited information on the intracellular regulation of CCR10. We find that S100A10, a member of the S100 family of Ca(2+) binding proteins, binds directly to the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of CCR10 and that this interaction regulates the CCR10 cell surface presentation. This identifies S100A10 as a novel interaction partner and regulator of CCR10 that might serve as a target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hessner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - C P Dlugos
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - T Chehab
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - C Schaefer
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Molecular Nephrology, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, A14, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - B Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - V Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - T Weide
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Molecular Nephrology, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, A14, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - H Pavenstädt
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Molecular Nephrology, University Hospital of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1, A14, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - U Rescher
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Centre, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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23
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Yamanaka H, Kobayashi K, Okubo M, Noguchi K. Annexin A2 in primary afferents contributes to neuropathic pain associated with tissue type plasminogen activator. Neuroscience 2016; 314:189-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Functional mutagenesis screens reveal the 'cap structure' formation in disulfide-bridge free TASK channels. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19492. [PMID: 26794006 PMCID: PMC4726246 DOI: 10.1038/srep19492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channels have a large extracellular cap structure formed by two M1-P1 linkers, containing a cysteine for dimerization. However, this cysteine is not present in the TASK-1/3/5 subfamily. The functional role of the cap is poorly understood and it remained unclear whether K2P channels assemble in the domain-swapped orientation or not. Functional alanine-mutagenesis screens of TASK-1 and TRAAK were used to build an in silico model of the TASK-1 cap. According to our data the cap structure of disulfide-bridge free TASK channels is similar to that of other K2P channels and is most likely assembled in the domain-swapped orientation. As the conserved cysteine is not essential for functional expression of all K2P channels tested, we propose that hydrophobic residues at the inner leaflets of the cap domains can interact with each other and that this way of stabilizing the cap is most likely conserved among K2P channels.
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25
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Rinné S, Kiper AK, Schlichthörl G, Dittmann S, Netter MF, Limberg SH, Silbernagel N, Zuzarte M, Moosdorf R, Wulf H, Schulze-Bahr E, Rolfes C, Decher N. TASK-1 and TASK-3 may form heterodimers in human atrial cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 81:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Renigunta V, Schlichthörl G, Daut J. Much more than a leak: structure and function of K₂p-channels. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:867-94. [PMID: 25791628 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, we have seen an enormous increase in the number of experimental studies on two-pore-domain potassium channels (K2P-channels). The collection of reviews and original articles compiled for this special issue of Pflügers Archiv aims to give an up-to-date summary of what is known about the physiology and pathophysiology of K2P-channels. This introductory overview briefly describes the structure of K2P-channels and their function in different organs. Its main aim is to provide some background information for the 19 reviews and original articles of this special issue of Pflügers Archiv. It is not intended to be a comprehensive review; instead, this introductory overview focuses on some unresolved questions and controversial issues, such as: Do K2P-channels display voltage-dependent gating? Do K2P-channels contribute to the generation of action potentials? What is the functional role of alternative translation initiation? Do K2P-channels have one or two or more gates? We come to the conclusion that we are just beginning to understand the extremely complex regulation of these fascinating channels, which are often inadequately described as 'leak channels'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Renigunta
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037, Marburg, Germany
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Feliciangeli S, Chatelain FC, Bichet D, Lesage F. The family of K2P channels: salient structural and functional properties. J Physiol 2015; 593:2587-603. [PMID: 25530075 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.287268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels participate in many biological functions, from ion homeostasis to generation and modulation of the electrical membrane potential. They are involved in a large variety of diseases. In the human genome, 15 genes code for K(+) channels with two pore domains (K2P ). These channels form dimers of pore-forming subunits that produce background conductances finely regulated by a range of natural and chemical effectors, including signalling lipids, temperature, pressure, pH, antidepressants and volatile anaesthetics. Since the cloning of TWIK1, the prototypical member of this family, a lot of work has been carried out on their structure and biology. These studies are still in progress, but data gathered so far show that K2P channels are central players in many processes, including ion homeostasis, hormone secretion, cell development and excitability. A growing number of studies underline their implication in physiopathological mechanisms, such as vascular and pulmonary hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, nociception, neuroprotection and depression. This review gives a synthetic view of the most noticeable features of these channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Feliciangeli
- LabEx ICST, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Frank C Chatelain
- LabEx ICST, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Delphine Bichet
- LabEx ICST, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Florian Lesage
- LabEx ICST, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560, Valbonne, France
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The role of protein-protein interactions in the intracellular traffic of the potassium channels TASK-1 and TASK-3. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:1105-20. [PMID: 25559843 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular transport of membrane proteins is controlled by trafficking signals: Short peptide motifs that mediate the contact with COPI, COPII or various clathrin-associated coat proteins. In addition, many membrane proteins interact with accessory proteins that are involved in the sorting of these proteins to different intracellular compartments. In the K2P channels, TASK-1 and TASK-3, the influence of protein-protein interactions on sorting decisions has been studied in some detail. Both TASK paralogues interact with the adaptor protein 14-3-3; TASK-1 interacts, in addition, with the adaptor protein p11 (S100A10) and the endosomal SNARE protein syntaxin-8. The role of these interacting proteins in controlling the intracellular traffic of the channels and the underlying molecular mechanisms are summarised in this review. In the case of 14-3-3, the interacting protein masks a retention signal in the C-terminus of the channel; in the case of p11, the interacting protein carries a retention signal that localises the channel to the endoplasmic reticulum; and in the case of syntaxin-8, the interacting protein carries an endocytosis signal that complements an endocytosis signal of the channel. These examples illustrate some of the mechanisms by which interacting proteins may determine the itinerary of a membrane protein within a cell and suggest that the intracellular traffic of membrane proteins may be adapted to the specific functions of that protein by multiple protein-protein interactions.
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29
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Regulation of angiogenesis by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23725-48. [PMID: 25535072 PMCID: PMC4284789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to their canonical roles in translation the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) have developed secondary functions over the course of evolution. Many of these activities are associated with cellular survival and nutritional stress responses essential for homeostatic processes in higher eukaryotes. In particular, six ARSs and one associated factor have documented functions in angiogenesis. However, despite their connection to this process, the ARSs are mechanistically distinct and exhibit a range of positive or negative effects on aspects of endothelial cell migration, proliferation, and survival. This variability is achieved through the appearance of appended domains and interplay with inflammatory pathways not found in prokaryotic systems. Complete knowledge of the non-canonical functions of ARSs is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the physiological regulation of angiogenesis.
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O'Kelly I. Endocytosis as a mode to regulate functional expression of two-pore domain potassium (K₂p) channels. Pflugers Arch 2014; 467:1133-42. [PMID: 25413469 PMCID: PMC4428836 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels are implicated in an array of physiological and pathophysiological roles. As a result of their biophysical properties, these channels produce a background leak K+ current which has a direct effect on cellular membrane potential and activity. The regulation of potassium leak from cells through K2P channels is of critical importance to cell function, development and survival. Controlling the cell surface expression of these channels is one mode to regulate their function and is achieved through a balance between regulated channel delivery to and retrieval from the cell surface. Here, we explore the modes of retrieval of K2P channels from the plasma membrane and observe that K2P channels are endocytosed in both a clathrin-mediated and clathrin-independent manner. K2P channels use a variety of pathways and show altered internalisation and sorting in response to external cues. These pathways working in concert, equip the cell with a range of approaches to maintain steady state levels of channels and to respond rapidly should changes in channel density be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ita O'Kelly
- Human Development and Health, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK, I.M.O'
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31
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Arango-Lievano M, Schwarz JT, Vernov M, Wilkinson MB, Bradbury K, Feliz A, Marongiu R, Gelfand Y, Warner-Schmidt J, Nestler EJ, Greengard P, Russo SJ, Kaplitt MG. Cell-type specific expression of p11 controls cocaine reward. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76:794-801. [PMID: 24725970 PMCID: PMC4145045 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high rate of comorbidity between depression and cocaine addiction suggests shared molecular mechanisms and anatomical pathways. Limbic structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc), play a crucial role in both disorders, yet how different cell types within these structures contribute to the pathogenesis remains elusive. Downregulation of p11 (S100A10), specifically in the NAc, elicits depressive-like behaviors in mice, but its role in drug addiction is unknown. METHODS We combined mouse genetics and viral strategies to determine how the titration of p11 levels within the entire NAc affects the rewarding actions of cocaine on behavior (six to eight mice per group) and molecular correlates (three experiments, five to eight mice per group). Finally, the manipulation of p11 expression in distinct NAc dopaminoceptive neuronal subsets distinguished cell-type specific effects of p11 on cocaine reward (five to eight mice per group). RESULTS We demonstrated that p11 knockout mice have enhanced cocaine conditioned place preference, which is reproduced by the focal downregulation of p11 in the NAc of wild-type mice. In wild-type mice, cocaine reduced p11 expression in the NAc, while p11 overexpression exclusively in the NAc reduced cocaine conditioned place preference. Finally, we identified dopamine receptor-1 expressing medium spiny neurons as key mediators of the effects of p11 on cocaine reward. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide evidence that disruption of p11 homeostasis in the NAc, particularly in dopamine receptor-1 expressing medium spiny neurons, may underlie pathophysiological mechanisms of cocaine rewarding action. Treatments to counter maladaptation of p11 levels may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Arango-Lievano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Justin T. Schwarz
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mary Vernov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Matthew B. Wilkinson
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Friedman Brain
Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Kathryn Bradbury
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Friedman Brain
Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Akira Feliz
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Roberta Marongiu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yaroslav Gelfand
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jennifer Warner-Schmidt
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller
University, New York, NY 10021
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Friedman Brain
Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029,Pharmacology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Rockefeller
University, New York, NY 10021
| | - Scott J. Russo
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, Friedman Brain
Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Michael G. Kaplitt
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological
Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Marinc C, Derst C, Prüss H, Veh RW. Immunocytochemical localization of TASK-3 protein (K2P9.1) in the rat brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2014; 34:61-70. [PMID: 24077856 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9987-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Among all K2P channels, TASK-3 shows the most widespread expression in rat brain, regulating neuronal excitability and transmitter release. Using a recently purified and characterized polyclonal monospecific antibody against TASK-3, the entire rat brain was immunocytochemically analyzed for expression of TASK-3 protein. Besides its well-known strong expression in motoneurons and monoaminergic and cholinergic neurons, TASK-3 expression was found in most neurons throughout the brain. However, it was not detected in certain neuronal populations, and neuropil staining was restricted to few areas. Also, it was absent in adult glial cells. In hypothalamic areas, TASK-3 was particularly strongly expressed in the supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei, whereas other hypothalamic nuclei showed lower protein levels. Immunostaining of hippocampal CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons showed strongest expression, together with clear staining of CA3 mossy fibers and marked staining also in the dentate gyrus granule cells. In neocortical areas, most neurons expressed TASK-3 with a somatodendritic localization, most obvious in layer V pyramidal neurons. In the cerebellum, TASK-3 protein was found mainly in neurons and neuropil of the granular cell layer, whereas Purkinje cells were only faintly positive. Particularly weak expression was demonstrated in the forebrain. This report provides a comprehensive overview of TASK-3 protein expression in the rat brain.
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33
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Enyedi P, Veres I, Braun G, Czirják G. Tubulin binds to the cytoplasmic loop of TRESK background K⁺ channel in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97854. [PMID: 24830385 PMCID: PMC4022642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic loop between the second and third transmembrane segments is pivotal in the regulation of TRESK (TWIK-related spinal cord K+ channel, K2P18.1, KCNK18). Calcineurin binds to this region and activates the channel by dephosphorylation in response to the calcium signal. Phosphorylation-dependent anchorage of 14-3-3 adaptor protein also modulates TRESK at this location. In the present study, we identified molecular interacting partners of the intracellular loop. By an affinity chromatography approach using the cytoplasmic loop as bait, we have verified the specific association of calcineurin and 14-3-3 to the channel. In addition to these known interacting proteins, we observed substantial binding of tubulin to the intracellular loop. Successive truncation of the polypeptide and pull-down experiments from mouse brain cytosol narrowed down the region sufficient for the binding of tubulin to a 16 amino acid sequence: LVLGRLSYSIISNLDE. The first six residues of this sequence are similar to the previously reported tubulin-binding region of P2X2 purinergic receptor. The tubulin-binding site of TRESK is located close to the protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent 14-3-3-docking motif of the channel. We provide experimental evidence suggesting that 14-3-3 competes with tubulin for the binding to the cytoplasmic loop of TRESK. It is intriguing that the 16 amino acid tubulin-binding sequence includes the serines, which were previously shown to be phosphorylated by microtubule-affinity regulating kinases (MARK kinases) and contribute to channel inhibition. Although tubulin binds to TRESK in vitro, it remains to be established whether the two proteins also interact in the living cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Enyedi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Irén Veres
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Braun
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Czirják
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Renigunta V, Fischer T, Zuzarte M, Kling S, Zou X, Siebert K, Limberg MM, Rinné S, Decher N, Schlichthörl G, Daut J. Cooperative endocytosis of the endosomal SNARE protein syntaxin-8 and the potassium channel TASK-1. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:1877-91. [PMID: 24743596 PMCID: PMC4055267 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-10-0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SNARE proteins can have functions unrelated to membrane fusion. The unassembled form of the SNARE protein syntaxin-8 interacts with the K+ channel TASK-1; both proteins are internalized via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a cooperative manner. This is a novel mechanism for the control of endocytosis by cargo proteins. The endosomal SNARE protein syntaxin-8 interacts with the acid-sensitive potassium channel TASK-1. The functional relevance of this interaction was studied by heterologous expression of these proteins (and mutants thereof) in Xenopus oocytes and in mammalian cell lines. Coexpression of syntaxin-8 caused a fourfold reduction in TASK-1 current, a corresponding reduction in the expression of TASK-1 at the cell surface, and a marked increase in the rate of endocytosis of the channel. TASK-1 and syntaxin-8 colocalized in the early endosomal compartment, as indicated by the endosomal markers 2xFYVE and rab5. The stimulatory effect of the SNARE protein on the endocytosis of the channel was abolished when both an endocytosis signal in TASK-1 and an endocytosis signal in syntaxin-8 were mutated. A syntaxin-8 mutant that cannot assemble with other SNARE proteins had virtually the same effect as wild-type syntaxin-8. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy showed formation and endocytosis of vesicles containing fluorescence-tagged clathrin, TASK-1, and/or syntaxin-8. Our results suggest that the unassembled form of syntaxin-8 and the potassium channel TASK-1 are internalized via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a cooperative manner. This implies that syntaxin-8 regulates the endocytosis of TASK-1. Our study supports the idea that endosomal SNARE proteins can have functions unrelated to membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Renigunta
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marylou Zuzarte
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kling
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Xinle Zou
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kai Siebert
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Maren M Limberg
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rinné
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Niels Decher
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Günter Schlichthörl
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Daut
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Marburg University, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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35
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Fischer MJM, McNaughton PA. How anchoring proteins shape pain. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:316-22. [PMID: 24727631 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular responsiveness to external stimuli can be altered by extracellular mediators which activate membrane receptors, in turn signalling to the intracellular space via calcium, cyclic nucleotides, membrane lipids or enzyme activity. These signalling events trigger a cascade leading to an effector which can be a channel, an enzyme or a transcription factor. The effectiveness of these intracellular events is enhanced when they are maintained in close proximity by anchoring proteins, which assemble complexes of signalling molecules such as kinases together with their targets, and in this way enhance both the speed and the precision of intracellular signalling. The A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) family are adaptor proteins originally named for their ability to associate Protein Kinase A and its targets, but several other enzymes bound by AKAPs have now been found and a wide variety of target structures has been described. This review provides an overview of anchoring proteins involved in pain signalling. The key anchoring proteins and their ion channel targets in primary sensory neurons responding to painful stimuli (nociceptors) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J M Fischer
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
| | - Peter A McNaughton
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Research, Hodgkin Building, King's College London, London SE1 1UH, UK
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36
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Tian C, Zhu R, Zhu L, Qiu T, Cao Z, Kang T. Potassium Channels: Structures, Diseases, and Modulators. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 83:1-26. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Tian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 China
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian Liaoning 116600 China
| | - Ruixin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics; Digestive Diseases and Nutrition Center; The State University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo NY 14226 USA
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- School of Life Sciences and Technology; Tongji University; Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Tingguo Kang
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian Liaoning 116600 China
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37
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Renigunta V, Zou X, Kling S, Schlichthörl G, Daut J. Breaking the silence: functional expression of the two-pore-domain potassium channel THIK-2. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:1735-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1404-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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A splice variant of the two-pore domain potassium channel TREK-1 with only one pore domain reduces the surface expression of full-length TREK-1 channels. Pflugers Arch 2013; 466:1559-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Chatelain FC, Bichet D, Feliciangeli S, Larroque MM, Braud VM, Douguet D, Lesage F. Silencing of the tandem pore domain halothane-inhibited K+ channel 2 (THIK2) relies on combined intracellular retention and low intrinsic activity at the plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35081-92. [PMID: 24163367 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.503318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The tandem pore domain halothane-inhibited K(+) channel 1 (THIK1) produces background K(+) currents. Despite 62% amino acid identity with THIK1, THIK2 is not active upon heterologous expression. Here, we show that this apparent lack of activity is due to a unique combination of retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and low intrinsic channel activity at the plasma membrane. A THIK2 mutant containing a proline residue (THIK2-A155P) in its second inner helix (M2) produces K(+)-selective currents with properties similar to THIK1, including inhibition by halothane and insensitivity to extracellular pH variations. Another mutation in the M2 helix (I158D) further increases channel activity and affects current kinetics. We also show that the cytoplasmic amino-terminal region of THIK2 (Nt-THIK2) contains an arginine-rich motif (RRSRRR) that acts as a retention/retrieval signal. Mutation of this motif in THIK2 induces a relocation of the channel to the plasma membrane, resulting in measurable currents, even in the absence of mutations in the M2 helix. Cell surface delivery of a Nt-THIK2-CD161 chimera is increased by mutating the arginines of the retention motif but also by converting the serine embedded in this motif to aspartate, suggesting a phosphorylation-dependent regulation of THIK2 trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck C Chatelain
- From the Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, and Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France
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40
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Mant A, Williams S, O'Kelly I. Acid sensitive background potassium channels K2P3.1 and K2P9.1 undergo rapid dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Channels (Austin) 2013; 7:288-302. [PMID: 23807092 DOI: 10.4161/chan.25120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensitive, two-pore domain potassium channels, K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1, are implicated in cardiac and nervous tissue responses to hormones, neurotransmitters and drugs. K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 leak potassium from the cell at rest and directly impact membrane potential. Hence altering channel number on the cell surface drives changes in cellular electrical properties. The rate of K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 delivery to and recovery from the plasma membrane determines both channel number at the cell surface and potassium leak from cells. This study examines the endocytosis of K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1. Plasma membrane biotinylation was used to follow the fate of internalized GFP-tagged rat K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 transiently expressed in HeLa cells. Confocal fluorescence images were analyzed using Imaris software, which revealed that both channels are endocytosed by a dynamin-dependent mechanism and over the course of 60 min, move progressively toward the nucleus. Endogenous endocytosis of human K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 was examined in the lung carcinoma cell line, A549. Endogenous channels are endocytosed over a similar time-scale to the channels expressed transiently in HeLa cells. These findings both validate the use of recombinant systems and identify an endogenous model system in which K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 trafficking can be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mant
- Human Development and Health; Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration; Faculty of Medicine; University of Southampton; Southampton, UK
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41
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MiR-590-5P inhibits growth of HepG2 cells via decrease of S100A10 expression and Inhibition of the Wnt pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:8556-69. [PMID: 23598417 PMCID: PMC3645761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14048556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common and lethal cancers worldwide, especially in developing countries. In the present study, we found that the expression of a microRNA, miR-590-5P, was down-regulated and S100A10 was up-regulated in six hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. The reporter gene assay showed that overexpression of miR-590-5P effectively reduced the activity of luciferase expressed by a vector bearing the 3′ untranslated region of S100A10 mRNA. Ectopic miR-590-5P overexpression mediated by lentiviral infection decreased expression of S100A10. Infection of Lv-miR-590-5P inhibited cell growth and induced cell cycle G1 arrest in HepG2 cells. In addition, miR-590-5P expression suppressed the expression of Wnt5a, cMyc and cyclin D1, and increased the phosphorylation of β-catenin and expression of Caspase 3, which may contribute to the inhibitory effect of miR-590-5P on cell growth. Taken together, our data suggest that down-regulation of miR-590-5P is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and the restoration of miR-590-5P can impair the growth of cancer cells, suggesting that miR-590-5P may be a potential target molecule for the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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42
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Tang YQ, Liang P, Zhou J, Lu Y, Lei L, Bian X, Wang K. Auxiliary KChIP4a suppresses A-type K+ current through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention and promoting closed-state inactivation of Kv4 channels. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:14727-41. [PMID: 23576435 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.466052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the brain and heart, auxiliary Kv channel-interacting proteins (KChIPs) co-assemble with pore-forming Kv4 α-subunits to form a native K(+) channel complex and regulate the expression and gating properties of Kv4 currents. Among the KChIP1-4 members, KChIP4a exhibits a unique N terminus that is known to suppress Kv4 function, but the underlying mechanism of Kv4 inhibition remains unknown. Using a combination of confocal imaging, surface biotinylation, and electrophysiological recordings, we identified a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif, consisting of six hydrophobic and aliphatic residues, 12-17 (LIVIVL), within the KChIP4a N-terminal KID, that functions to reduce surface expression of Kv4-KChIP complexes. This ER retention capacity is transferable and depends on its flanking location. In addition, adjacent to the ER retention motif, the residues 19-21 (VKL motif) directly promote closed-state inactivation of Kv4.3, thus leading to an inhibition of channel current. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that KChIP4a suppresses A-type Kv4 current via ER retention and enhancement of Kv4 closed-state inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Quan Tang
- Department of Neurobiology, Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
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Anders C, Higuchi Y, Koschinsky K, Bartel M, Schumacher B, Thiel P, Nitta H, Preisig-Müller R, Schlichthörl G, Renigunta V, Ohkanda J, Daut J, Kato N, Ottmann C. A Semisynthetic Fusicoccane Stabilizes a Protein-Protein Interaction and Enhances the Expression of K+ Channels at the Cell Surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:583-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mant A, Williams S, Roncoroni L, Lowry E, Johnson D, O'Kelly I. N-glycosylation-dependent control of functional expression of background potassium channels K2P3.1 and K2P9.1. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:3251-64. [PMID: 23250752 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.405167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-pore domain potassium (K(2P)) channels play fundamental roles in cellular processes by enabling a constitutive leak of potassium from cells in which they are expressed, thus influencing cellular membrane potential and activity. Hence, regulation of these channels is of critical importance to cellular function. A key regulatory mechanism of K(2P) channels is the control of their cell surface expression. Membrane protein delivery to and retrieval from the cell surface is controlled by their passage through the secretory and endocytic pathways, and post-translational modifications regulate their progression through these pathways. All but one of the K(2P) channels possess consensus N-linked glycosylation sites, and here we demonstrate that the conserved putative N-glycosylation site in K(2P)3.1 and K(2P)9.1 is a glycan acceptor site. Patch clamp analysis revealed that disruption of channel glycosylation reduced K(2P)3.1 current, and flow cytometry was instrumental in attributing this to a decreased number of channels on the cell surface. Similar findings were observed when cells were cultured in reduced glucose concentrations. Disruption of N-linked glycosylation has less of an effect on K(2P)9.1, with a small reduction in number of channels on the surface observed, but no functional implications detected. Because nonglycosylated channels appear to pass through the secretory pathway in a manner comparable with glycosylated channels, the evidence presented here suggests that the decreased number of nonglycosylated K(2P)3.1 channels on the cell surface may be due to their decreased stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mant
- Human Development and Health, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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The biochemistry and regulation of S100A10: a multifunctional plasminogen receptor involved in oncogenesis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:353687. [PMID: 23118506 PMCID: PMC3479961 DOI: 10.1155/2012/353687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasminogen receptors mediate the production and localization to the cell surface of the broad spectrum proteinase, plasmin. S100A10 is a key regulator of cellular plasmin production and may account for as much as 50% of cellular plasmin generation. In parallel to plasminogen, the plasminogen-binding site on S100A10 is highly conserved from mammals to fish. S100A10 is constitutively expressed in many cells and is also induced by many diverse factors and physiological stimuli including dexamethasone, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-α, interferon-γ, nerve growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, retinoic acid, and thrombin. Therefore, S100A10 is utilized by cells to regulate plasmin proteolytic activity in response to a wide diversity of physiological stimuli. The expression of the oncogenes, PML-RARα and KRas, also stimulates the levels of S100A10, suggesting a role for S100A10 in pathophysiological processes such as in the oncogenic-mediated increases in plasmin production. The S100A10-null mouse model system has established the critical role that S100A10 plays as a regulator of fibrinolysis and oncogenesis. S100A10 plays two major roles in oncogenesis, first as a regulator of cancer cell invasion and metastasis and secondly as a regulator of the recruitment of tumor-associated cells, such as macrophages, to the tumor site.
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Ma L, Zhang X, Zhou M, Chen H. Acid-sensitive TWIK and TASK two-pore domain potassium channels change ion selectivity and become permeable to sodium in extracellular acidification. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:37145-53. [PMID: 22948150 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.398164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-pore domain K(+) channels (K2P) mediate background K(+) conductance and play a key role in a variety of cellular functions. Among the 15 mammalian K2P isoforms, TWIK-1, TASK-1, and TASK-3 K(+) channels are sensitive to extracellular acidification. Lowered or acidic extracellular pH (pH(o)) strongly inhibits outward currents through these K2P channels. However, the mechanism of how low pH(o) affects these acid-sensitive K2P channels is not well understood. Here we show that in Na(+)-based bath solutions with physiological K(+) gradients, lowered pH(o) largely shifts the reversal potential of TWIK-1, TASK-1, and TASK-3 K(+) channels, which are heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, into the depolarizing direction and significantly increases their Na(+) to K(+) relative permeability. Low pH(o)-induced inhibitions in these acid-sensitive K2P channels are more profound in Na(+)-based bath solutions than in channel-impermeable N-methyl-D-glucamine-based bath solutions, consistent with increases in the Na(+) to K(+) relative permeability and decreases in electrochemical driving forces of outward K(+) currents of the channels. These findings indicate that TWIK-1, TASK-1, and TASK-3 K(+) channels change ion selectivity in response to lowered pH(o), provide insights on the understanding of how extracellular acidification modulates acid-sensitive K2P channels, and imply that these acid-sensitive K2P channels may regulate cellular function with dynamic changes in their ion selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Ma
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Neuroscience Research, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
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Gabriel L, Lvov A, Orthodoxou D, Rittenhouse AR, Kobertz WR, Melikian HE. The acid-sensitive, anesthetic-activated potassium leak channel, KCNK3, is regulated by 14-3-3β-dependent, protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated endocytic trafficking. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:32354-66. [PMID: 22846993 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.391458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid-sensitive neuronal potassium leak channel, KCNK3, is vital for setting the resting membrane potential and is the primary target for volatile anesthetics. Recent reports demonstrate that KCNK3 activity is down-regulated by PKC; however, the mechanisms responsible for PKC-induced KCNK3 down-regulation are undefined. Here, we report that endocytic trafficking dynamically regulates KCNK3 activity. Phorbol esters and Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation acutely decreased both native and recombinant KCNK3 currents with concomitant KCNK3 surface losses in cerebellar granule neurons and cell lines. PKC-mediated KCNK3 internalization required the presence of both 14-3-3β and a novel potassium channel endocytic motif, because depleting either 14-3-3β protein levels or ablating the endocytic motif completely abrogated PKC-regulated KCNK3 trafficking. These results demonstrate that neuronal potassium leak channels are not static membrane residents but are subject to 14-3-3β-dependent regulated trafficking, providing a straightforward mechanism to modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity by Group I mGluRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Gabriel
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01604, USA
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Regulation of inflammatory response in human chondrocytes by lentiviral mediated RNA interference against S100A10. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:1219-27. [PMID: 22797859 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-012-0519-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of S100A10 silencing on the inflammatory response in human chondrocytes (HCs).The inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated in HCs in which the S100A10 was blocked with a lentiviral shRNA vector. METHODS A lentiviral shRNA vector targeting S100A10 was constructed and packaged to effectively block S100A10 expression in HCs. HCs were infected with the lentivirus. S100A10 expression levels in HCs were detected by western blot analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to evaluate the change of cytokine secretion levels. The effects of S100A10 silencing on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NF-κB signaling pathway were also determined by western blot analysis. In addition, fluo-3-AM was used to demonstrate the change in calcium mobilization. RESULTS Lentivirus effectively infected the HCs and inhibited the expression of S100A10. HCs with downregulated S100A10 showed significantly decreased production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10. S100A10 silencing markedly suppressed the activation of MAPKs induced by LPS. Furthermore, the calcium concentration increase in HCs stimulated by LPS was also inhibited by S100A10 knockdown. CONCLUSION Our investigation demonstrated that S100A10 might be considered as a potential target for anti-inflammatory treatment.
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Hermann A, Donato R, Weiger TM, Chazin WJ. S100 calcium binding proteins and ion channels. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:67. [PMID: 22539925 PMCID: PMC3336106 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 Ca(2+)-binding proteins have been associated with a multitude of intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent functions including regulation of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, cell motility and apoptosis, modulation of membrane-cytoskeletal interactions, transduction of intracellular Ca(2+) signals, and in mediating learning and memory. S100 proteins are fine tuned to read the intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration and affect protein phosphorylation, which makes them candidates to modulate certain ion channels and neuronal electrical behavior. Certain S100s are secreted from cells and are found in extracellular fluids where they exert unique extracellular functions. In addition to their neurotrophic activity, some S100 proteins modulate neuronal electrical discharge activity and appear to act directly on ion channels. The first reports regarding these effects suggested S100-mediated alterations in Ca(2+) fluxes, K(+) currents, and neuronal discharge activity. Recent reports revealed direct and indirect interactions with Ca(2+), K(+), Cl(-), and ligand activated channels. This review focuses on studies of the physical and functional interactions of S100 proteins and ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Hermann
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Rosario Donato
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of PerugiaPerugia, Italy
| | - Thomas M. Weiger
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Walter J. Chazin
- Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt UniversityNashville, TN, USA
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Plant LD. A Role for K2P Channels in the Operation of Somatosensory Nociceptors. Front Mol Neurosci 2012; 5:21. [PMID: 22403526 PMCID: PMC3293133 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2012.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to sense mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli is critical to normal physiology and the perception of pain. Contact with noxious stimuli triggers a complex series of events that initiate innate protective mechanisms designed to minimize or avoid injury. Extreme temperatures, mechanical stress, and chemical irritants are detected by specific ion channels and receptors clustered on the terminals of nociceptive sensory nerve fibers and transduced into electrical information. Propagation of these signals, from distant sites in the body to the spinal cord and the higher processing centers of the brain, is also orchestrated by distinct groups of ion channels. Since their identification in 1995, evidence has emerged to support roles for K2P channels at each step along this pathway, as receptors for physiological and noxious stimuli, and as determinants of nociceptor excitability and conductivity. In addition, the many subtypes of K2P channels expressed in somatosensory neurons are also implicated in mediating the effects of volatile, general anesthetics on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Here, I offer a critical review of the existing data supporting these attributes of K2P channel function and discuss how diverse regulatory mechanisms that control the activity of K2P channels act to govern the operation of nociceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh D Plant
- Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University Waltham, MA, USA
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