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Tesla R, Guhl C, Werthmann GC, Dixon D, Cenik B, Addepalli Y, Liang J, Fass DM, Rosenthal Z, Haggarty SJ, Williams NS, Posner BA, Ready JM, Herz J. Benzoxazole-derivatives enhance progranulin expression and reverse the aberrant lysosomal proteome caused by GRN haploinsufficiency. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6125. [PMID: 39033178 PMCID: PMC11271458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the GRN gene are a major cause of hereditary frontotemporal dementia. The mechanisms linking frontotemporal dementia pathogenesis to progranulin deficiency are not well understood, and there is currently no treatment. Our strategy to prevent the onset and progression of frontotemporal dementia in patients with GRN mutations is to utilize small molecule positive regulators of GRN expression to boost progranulin levels from the remaining functional GRN allele, thus restoring progranulin levels back to normal within the brain. This work describes a series of blood-brain-barrier-penetrant small molecules which significantly increase progranulin protein levels in human cellular models, correct progranulin protein deficiency in Grn+/- mouse brains, and reverse lysosomal proteome aberrations, a phenotypic hallmark of frontotemporal dementia, more efficiently than the previously described small molecule suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. These molecules will allow further elucidation of the cellular functions of progranulin and its role in frontotemporal dementia and will also serve as lead structures for further drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Tesla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Guhl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Gordon C Werthmann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Danielle Dixon
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Basar Cenik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yesu Addepalli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jue Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Daniel M Fass
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary Rosenthal
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruce A Posner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M Ready
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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2
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Chen YF, Luh F, Ho YS, Yen Y. Exosomes: a review of biologic function, diagnostic and targeted therapy applications, and clinical trials. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:67. [PMID: 38992695 PMCID: PMC11238361 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01055-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles generated by all cells and they carry nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. They mediate the exchange of substances between cells,thereby affecting biological properties and activities of recipient cells. In this review, we briefly discuss the composition of exocomes and exosome isolation. We also review the clinical applications of exosomes in cancer biology as well as strategies in exosome-mediated targeted drug delivery systems. Finally, the application of exosomes in the context of cancer therapeutics both in practice and literature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- International Master Program in Translation Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23564, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23564, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23564, Taiwan
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Frank Luh
- Sino-American Cancer Foundation, Covina, CA, 91722, USA
| | - Yuan-Soon Ho
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
| | - Yun Yen
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 406040, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Cancer Center, Taipei Municipal WanFang Hospital, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan.
- Center for Cancer Translational Research, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, 970374, Taiwan.
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3
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Choi S, Yang Z, Wang Q, Qiao Z, Sun M, Wiggins J, Xiang SH, Lu Q. Displaying and delivering viral membrane antigens via WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2708. [PMID: 36706192 PMCID: PMC9882979 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane proteins expressed on the surface of enveloped viruses are conformational antigens readily recognized by B cells of the immune system. An effective vaccine would require the synthesis and delivery of these native conformational antigens in lipid membranes that preserve specific epitope structures. We have created an extracellular vesicle-based technology that allows viral membrane antigens to be selectively recruited onto the surface of WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles (WAEVs). Budding of WAEVs requires secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 3, which through its proline-proline-alanine-tyrosine motif interacts with WW domains to recruit fused viral membrane antigens onto WAEVs. Immunization with influenza and HIV viral membrane proteins displayed on WAEVs elicits production of virus-specific neutralizing antibodies and, in the case of influenza antigens, protects mice from the lethal viral infection. WAEVs thus represent a versatile platform for presenting and delivering membrane antigens as vaccines against influenza, HIV, and potentially many other viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengjin Choi
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maoyun Sun
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua Wiggins
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Shi-Hua Xiang
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Quan Lu
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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4
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Hu L, Tang Y, Mei L, Liang M, Huang J, Wang X, Wu L, Jiang J, Li L, Long F, Xiao J, Tan L, Lu S, Peng T. A new intracellular targeting motif in the cytoplasmic tail of the spike protein may act as a target to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 assembly. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105509. [PMID: 36572190 PMCID: PMC9788845 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses a threat to global public health, underscoring the urgent need for the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. The spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, which mediates receptor binding and subsequent membrane fusion to promote viral entry, is a major target for current drug development and vaccine design. The S protein comprises a large N-terminal extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic tail (CT) at the C-terminus. CT truncation of the S protein has been previously reported to promote the infectivity of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been precisely elucidated. In addition, the CT of various viral membrane glycoproteins play an essential role in the assembly of virions, yet the role of the S protein CT in SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. In this study, through constructing a series of mutations of the CT of the S protein and analyzing their impact on the packaging of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and live SARS-CoV-2 virus, we identified V1264L1265 as a new intracellular targeting motif in the CT of the S protein, that regulates the transport and subcellular localization of the spike protein through the interactions with cytoskeleton and vesicular transport-related proteins, ARPC3, SCAMP3, and TUBB8, thereby modulating SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and live SARS-CoV-2 virion assembly. Either disrupting the V1264L1265 motif or reducing the expression of ARPC3, SCAMP3, and TUBB8 significantly repressed the assembly of the live SARS-CoV-2 virion, raising the possibility that the V1264L1265 motif and the host responsive pathways involved could be new drug targets for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our results extend the understanding of the role played by the S protein CT in the assembly of pseudoviruses and live SARS-CoV-2 virions, which will facilitate the application of pseudoviruses to the study of SARS-CoV-2 and provide potential strategies for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China,Corresponding author
| | - Yongjie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Lingling Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Mengdi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinxian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Liping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiajing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Leyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Fei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Long Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shaohua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China,Guangdong South China Vaccine, Guangzhou, China,Greater Bay Area Innovative Vaccine Technology Development Center, Guangzhou International Bio-island Laboratory, China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
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5
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Spano D, Colanzi A. Golgi Complex: A Signaling Hub in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1990. [PMID: 35805075 PMCID: PMC9265605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi Complex is the central hub in the endomembrane system and serves not only as a biosynthetic and processing center but also as a trafficking and sorting station for glycoproteins and lipids. In addition, it is an active signaling hub involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes, including cell polarity, motility, growth, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, DNA repair and stress responses. As such, the dysregulation of the Golgi Complex-centered signaling cascades contributes to the onset of several pathological conditions, including cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling pathways regulated by the Golgi Complex and implicated in promoting cancer hallmarks and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Spano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Colanzi
- Institute for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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6
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Acevedo-Díaz A, Morales-Cabán BM, Zayas-Santiago A, Martínez-Montemayor MM, Suárez-Arroyo IJ. SCAMP3 Regulates EGFR and Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells through the Modulation of AKT, ERK, and STAT3 Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2807. [PMID: 35681787 PMCID: PMC9179572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive, metastatic, and lethal breast cancer subtype. To improve the survival of TNBC patients, it is essential to explore new signaling pathways for the further development of effective drugs. This study aims to investigate the role of the secretory carrier membrane protein 3 (SCAMP3) in TNBC and its association with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Through an internalization assay, we demonstrated that SCAMP3 colocalizes and redistributes EGFR from the cytoplasm to the perinucleus. Furthermore, SCAMP3 knockout decreased proliferation, colony and tumorsphere formation, cell migration, and invasion of TNBC cells. Immunoblots and degradation assays showed that SCAMP3 regulates EGFR through its degradation. In addition, SCAMP3 modulates AKT, ERK, and STAT3 signaling pathways. TNBC xenograft models showed that SCAMP3 depletion delayed tumor cell proliferation at the beginning of tumor development and modulated the expression of genes from the PDGF pathway. Additionally, analysis of TCGA data revealed elevated SCAMP3 expression in breast cancer tumors. Finally, patients with TNBC with high expression of SCAMP3 showed decreased RFS and DMFS. Our findings indicate that SCAMP3 could contribute to TNBC development through the regulation of multiple pathways and has the potential to be a target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz M. Morales-Cabán
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA; (B.M.M.-C.); (M.M.M.-M.)
| | - Astrid Zayas-Santiago
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA;
| | - Michelle M. Martínez-Montemayor
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA; (B.M.M.-C.); (M.M.M.-M.)
| | - Ivette J. Suárez-Arroyo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00960, USA; (B.M.M.-C.); (M.M.M.-M.)
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7
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Secretory Carrier Membrane Protein 3 Interacts with 3A Viral Protein of Enterovirus and Participates in Viral Replication. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0047521. [PMID: 34378951 PMCID: PMC8552740 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00475-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Picornaviruses are a diverse and major cause of human disease, and their genomes replicate with intracellular membranes. The functionality of these replication organelles depends on the activities of both viral nonstructural proteins and co-opted host proteins. The mechanism by which viral-host interactions generate viral replication organelles and regulate viral RNA synthesis is unclear. To elucidate this mechanism, enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) was used here as a virus model to investigate how these replication organelles are formed and to identify the cellular components that are critical in this process. An immunoprecipitation assay was combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to identify 172 cellular proteins and four viral proteins associating with viral 3A protein. Secretory carrier membrane protein 3 (SCAMP3) was one of the host proteins we selected for further investigation. Here, we demonstrate by immunoprecipitation assay that SCAMP3 associates with 3A protein and colocalizes with 3A protein during virus infection. SCAMP3 knockdown or knockout in infected cells decreases synthesis of EV-A71 viral RNA, viral proteins, and viral growth. Furthermore, the viral 3A protein associates with SCAMP3 and phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase type III β (PI4KIIIβ) as shown by immunoprecipitation assay and colocalizes to the replication complex. Upon infection of cells with a SCAMP3 knockout construct, PI4KIIIβ and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) colocalization with EV-A71 3A protein decreases; viral RNA synthesis also decreases. SCAMP3 is also involved in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway to regulate viral replication. The 3A and SCAMP3 interaction is also important for the replication of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). SCAMP3 also associates with 3A protein of CVB3 and enhances viral replication but does not regulate dengue virus 2 (DENV2) replication. Taken together, the results suggest that enterovirus 3A protein, SCAMP3, PI4KIIIβ, and PI4P form a replication complex and positively regulate enterovirus replication. IMPORTANCE Virus-host interaction plays an important role in viral replication. 3A protein of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) recruits other viral and host factors to form a replication complex, which is important for viral replication. In this investigation, we utilized immunoprecipitation combined with proteomics approaches to identify 3A-interacting factors. Our results demonstrate that secretory carrier membrane protein 3 (SCAMP3) is a novel host factor that associates with enterovirus 3A protein, phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase type III β (PI4KIIIβ), and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) to form a replication complex and positively regulates viral replication. SCAMP3 is also involved in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway to regulate viral replication.
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8
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Venugopalan A, Lynberg M, Cultraro CM, Nguyen KDP, Zhang X, Waris M, Dayal N, Abebe A, Maity TK, Guha U. SCAMP3 is a mutant EGFR phosphorylation target and a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:3331-3346. [PMID: 33850265 PMCID: PMC8514158 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase domain constitutively activate EGFR resulting in lung tumorigenesis. Activated EGFR modulates downstream signaling by altering phosphorylation-driven interactions that promote growth and survival. Secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that regulate recycling of receptor proteins, including EGFR. The potential role of SCAMPs in mutant EGFR function and tumorigenesis has not been elucidated. Using quantitative mass-spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, we identified SCAMP3 as a target of mutant EGFRs in lung adenocarcinoma and sought to further investigate the role of SCAMP3 in the regulation of lung tumorigenesis. Here we show that activated EGFR, either directly or indirectly phosphorylates SCAMP3 at Y86 and this phosphorylation increases the interaction of SCAMP3 with both wild-type and mutant EGFRs. SCAMP3 knockdown increases lung adenocarcinoma cell survival and increases xenograft tumor growth in vivo, demonstrating a tumor suppressor role of SCAMP3 in lung tumorigenesis. The tumor suppressor function is a result of SCAMP3 promoting EGFR degradation and attenuating MAP kinase signaling pathways. SCAMP3 knockdown also increases multinucleated cells in culture, suggesting that SCAMP3 is required for efficient cytokinesis. The enhanced growth, increased colony formation, reduced EGFR degradation and multinucleation phenotype of SCAMP3-depleted cells were reversed by re-expression of wild-type SCAMP3, but not SCAMP3 Y86F, suggesting that Y86 phosphorylation is critical for SCAMP3 function. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that SCAMP3 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in lung cancer by modulating EGFR signaling and cytokinesis that is partly Y86 phosphorylation-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhilash Venugopalan
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Matthew Lynberg
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Constance M Cultraro
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Khoa Dang P Nguyen
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maryam Waris
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Noelle Dayal
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Asebot Abebe
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tapan K Maity
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Udayan Guha
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA.
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9
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Gruenberg J. Life in the lumen: The multivesicular endosome. Traffic 2021; 21:76-93. [PMID: 31854087 PMCID: PMC7004041 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The late endosomes/endo‐lysosomes of vertebrates contain an atypical phospholipid, lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) (also termed bis[monoacylglycero]phosphate [BMP]), which is not detected elsewhere in the cell. LBPA is abundant in the membrane system present in the lumen of this compartment, including intralumenal vesicles (ILVs). In this review, the current knowledge on LBPA and LBPA‐containing membranes will be summarized, and their role in the control of endosomal cholesterol will be outlined. Some speculations will also be made on how this system may be overwhelmed in the cholesterol storage disorder Niemann‐Pick C. Then, the roles of intralumenal membranes in endo‐lysosomal dynamics and functions will be discussed in broader terms. Likewise, the mechanisms that drive the biogenesis of intralumenal membranes, including ESCRTs, will also be discussed, as well as their diverse composition and fate, including degradation in lysosomes and secretion as exosomes. This review will also discuss how intralumenal membranes are hijacked by pathogenic agents during intoxication and infection, and what is the biochemical composition and function of the intra‐endosomal lumenal milieu. Finally, this review will allude to the size limitations imposed on intralumenal vesicle functions and speculate on the possible role of LBPA as calcium chelator in the acidic calcium stores of endo‐lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gruenberg
- Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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10
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Tan X, Banerjee P, Pham EA, Rutaganira FUN, Basu K, Bota-Rabassedas N, Guo HF, Grzeskowiak CL, Liu X, Yu J, Shi L, Peng DH, Rodriguez BL, Zhang J, Zheng V, Duose DY, Solis LM, Mino B, Raso MG, Behrens C, Wistuba II, Scott KL, Smith M, Nguyen K, Lam G, Choong I, Mazumdar A, Hill JL, Gibbons DL, Brown PH, Russell WK, Shokat K, Creighton CJ, Glenn JS, Kurie JM. PI4KIIIβ is a therapeutic target in chromosome 1q-amplified lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/527/eaax3772. [PMID: 31969487 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax3772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heightened secretion of protumorigenic effector proteins is a feature of malignant cells. Yet, the molecular underpinnings and therapeutic implications of this feature remain unclear. Here, we identify a chromosome 1q region that is frequently amplified in diverse cancer types and encodes multiple regulators of secretory vesicle biogenesis and trafficking, including the Golgi-dedicated enzyme phosphatidylinositol (PI)-4-kinase IIIβ (PI4KIIIβ). Molecular, biochemical, and cell biological studies show that PI4KIIIβ-derived PI-4-phosphate (PI4P) synthesis enhances secretion and accelerates lung adenocarcinoma progression by activating Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3)-dependent vesicular release from the Golgi. PI4KIIIβ-dependent secreted factors maintain 1q-amplified cancer cell survival and influence prometastatic processes in the tumor microenvironment. Disruption of this functional circuitry in 1q-amplified cancer cells with selective PI4KIIIβ antagonists induces apoptosis and suppresses tumor growth and metastasis. These results support a model in which chromosome 1q amplifications create a dependency on PI4KIIIβ-dependent secretion for cancer cell survival and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochao Tan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyam Banerjee
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edward A Pham
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Florentine U N Rutaganira
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kaustabh Basu
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Neus Bota-Rabassedas
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hou-Fu Guo
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Caitlin L Grzeskowiak
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David H Peng
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - B Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Veronica Zheng
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dzifa Y Duose
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Luisa M Solis
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Barbara Mino
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Raso
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth L Scott
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark Smith
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford ChEM-H Medicinal Chemistry Knowledge Center, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Grace Lam
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ingrid Choong
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Abhijit Mazumdar
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jamal L Hill
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Powel H Brown
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William K Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kevan Shokat
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. .,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Glenn
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. .,Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jonathan M Kurie
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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11
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Mao F, Duan H, Allamyradov A, Xin Z, Du Y, Wang X, Xu P, Li Z, Qian J, Yao J. Expression and prognostic analyses of SCAMPs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4096-4114. [PMID: 33493138 PMCID: PMC7906166 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the difficulties in early diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), many patients fail to receive optimal therapeutic regimens. The Secretory-Carrier-Membrane-Proteins (SCAMPs) are known to be dysregulated in a range of human diseases due to their characterized roles in mammalian cell exocytosis inferred from their functions as integral membrane proteins. However, the expression and prognostic value of SCAMPs in PAAD is poorly characterized. We compared cancer vs. healthy tissue and found that the expression of SCAMPs1-4 was upregulated in PAAD compared to normal tissue. In contrast, SCAMP5 expression was downregulated in PAAD. Moreover, the expression of SCAMPs1-4 was enhanced in PAAD cell lines according to Cancer Cell Line public database. Furthermore, the HPA, GEPIA databases and immunohistochemical analysis from 238 patients suggested that the loss of SCAMP1 led to improved overall survival (OS), whilst lower SCAMP5 levels led to a poorer OS. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that SCAMP1 and SCAMP5 expression were independent prognostic factors of PAAD. In addition, the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics, LinkedOmics datasets, and the GEPIA were used to identify the co-expression genes of SCAMP1,5 and the correlation between SCAMPs members. We conclude that SCAMPs 1 and 5 significantly represent promising diagnosis and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Mao
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Heng Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aly Allamyradov
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zechang Xin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhennan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianjun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
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12
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Zhao C, Zhang G, Liu J, Zhang C, Yao Y, Liao W. Exosomal cargoes in OSCC: current findings and potential functions. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10062. [PMID: 33194377 PMCID: PMC7646305 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy in head and neck cancer, with high recurrence and mortality. Early diagnosis and efficient therapeutic strategies are vital for the treatment of OSCC patients. Exosomes can be isolated from a broad range of different cell types, implicating them as important factors in the regulation of human physiological and pathological processes. Due to their abundant cargo including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, exosomes have played a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic role across multiple diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the content within and participation of exosomes relating to OSCC and their roles in tumorigenesis, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. We conclude this review by looking ahead to their potential utility in providing new methods for treating OSCC to inspire further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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Foltz L, Palacios-Moreno J, Mayfield M, Kinch S, Dillon J, Syrenne J, Levy T, Grimes M. PAG1 directs SRC-family kinase intracellular localization to mediate receptor tyrosine kinase-induced differentiation. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:2269-2282. [PMID: 32726167 PMCID: PMC7550700 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-02-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
All receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activate similar downstream signaling pathways through a common set of effectors, yet it is not fully understood how different receptors elicit distinct cellular responses to cause cell proliferation, differentiation, or other cell fates. We tested the hypothesis that regulation of SRC family kinase (SFK) signaling by the scaffold protein, PAG1, influences cell fate decisions following RTK activation. We generated a neuroblastoma cell line expressing a PAG1 fragment that lacks the membrane-spanning domain (PAG1TM-) and localized to the cytoplasm. PAG1TM- cells exhibited higher amounts of active SFKs and increased growth rate. PAG1TM- cells were unresponsive to TRKA and RET signaling, two RTKs that induce neuronal differentiation, but retained responses to EGFR and KIT. Under differentiation conditions, PAG1TM- cells continued to proliferate and did not extend neurites or increase β-III tubulin expression. FYN and LYN were sequestered in multivesicular bodies (MVBs), and dramatically more FYN and LYN were in the lumen of MVBs in PAG1TM- cells. In particular, activated FYN was sequestered in PAG1TM- cells, suggesting that disruption of FYN localization led to the observed defects in differentiation. The results demonstrate that PAG1 directs SFK intracellular localization to control activity and to mediate signaling by RTKs that induce neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Foltz
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | | | - Makenzie Mayfield
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | - Shelby Kinch
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | - Jordan Dillon
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | - Jed Syrenne
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | - Tyler Levy
- Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA 01923
| | - Mark Grimes
- Division of Biological Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
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14
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Kulyté A, Kwok KHM, de Hoon M, Carninci P, Hayashizaki Y, Arner P, Arner E. MicroRNA-27a/b-3p and PPARG regulate SCAMP3 through a feed-forward loop during adipogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13891. [PMID: 31554889 PMCID: PMC6761119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) modulate gene expression through feed-back and forward loops. Previous studies identified miRNAs that regulate transcription factors, including Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG), in adipocytes, but whether they influence adipogenesis via such regulatory loops remain elusive. Here we predicted and validated a novel feed-forward loop regulating adipogenesis and involved miR-27a/b-3p, PPARG and Secretory Carrier Membrane Protein 3 (SCAMP3). In this loop, expression of both PPARG and SCAMP3 was independently suppressed by miR-27a/b-3p overexpression. Knockdown of PPARG downregulated SCAMP3 expression at the late phase of adipogenesis, whereas reduction of SCAMP3 mRNA levels increased PPARG expression at early phase in differentiation. The latter was accompanied with upregulation of adipocyte-enriched genes, including ADIPOQ and FABP4, suggesting an anti-adipogenic role for SCAMP3. PPARG and SCAMP3 exhibited opposite behaviors regarding correlations with clinical phenotypes, including body mass index, body fat mass, adipocyte size, lipolytic and lipogenic capacity, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. While adipose PPARG expression was associated with more favorable metabolic phenotypes, SCAMP3 expression was linked to increased fat mass and insulin resistance. Together, we identified a feed-forward loop through which miR-27a/b-3p, PPARG and SCAMP3 cooperatively fine tune the regulation of adipogenesis, which potentially may impact whole body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agné Kulyté
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Kelvin Ho Man Kwok
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Michiel de Hoon
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Hayashizaki
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Peter Arner
- Lipid laboratory, Department of Medicine H7, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Erik Arner
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
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15
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Dencker M, Björgell O, Hlebowicz J. Effect of food intake on 92 oncological biomarkers by the Proseek Oncology II panel. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:199. [PMID: 30940215 PMCID: PMC6446403 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluates the effect of food intake on 92 oncological biomarkers to evaluate whether the timing of blood sampling could be relevant. Twenty-two healthy subjects were investigated. A total of 92 biomarkers were measured before a standardised meal as well as 30 and 120 min afterwards with the Proseek Multiplex Oncology II kit. Results The levels of 6 biomarkers decreased significantly (P < 0.001) 30 min after food intake, and 4 biomarkers remained decreased (P < 0.001) 120 min after food intake. One biomarker was significantly increased (P < 0.001) at both 30 and 120 min after food intake. Some changes were less than 10%. Those biomarkers that showed a difference of more than 10% include: Granzyme H (13%), Methionine aminopeptidase 2 (14%), Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 3 (39%), FAS-associated death domain protein (41%), and Pancreatic prohormone (79%). This study shows that food intake has a very modest effect on 92 different oncological biomarkers. Trial registration National Library of Medicine trial registration number NCT01027507 (retrospectively registered on December 8, 2009)
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Dencker
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Ola Björgell
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Joanna Hlebowicz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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16
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu H, Tang WH. Exosomes: biogenesis, biologic function and clinical potential. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:19. [PMID: 30815248 PMCID: PMC6377728 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1115] [Impact Index Per Article: 223.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized biovesicles released into surrounding body fluids upon fusion of multivesicular bodies and the plasma membrane. They were shown to carry cell-specific cargos of proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, and can be selectively taken up by neighboring or distant cells far from their release, reprogramming the recipient cells upon their bioactive compounds. Therefore, the regulated formation of exosomes, specific makeup of their cargo, cell-targeting specificity are of immense biological interest considering extremely high potential of exosomes as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic nanocarriers. In present review, we outline and discuss recent progress in the elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, the molecular composition of exosomes, and technologies used in exosome research. Furthermore, we focus on the potential use of exosomes as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for their cell-lineage and state-specific contents, and possibilities as therapeutic vehicles for drug and gene delivery. Exosome research is now in its infancy, in-depth understanding of subcellular components and mechanisms involved in exosome formation and specific cell-targeting will bring light on their physiological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- 1Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- 2Clinical Laboratory Department, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Haiying Liu
- 2Clinical Laboratory Department, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
| | - Wai Ho Tang
- 1Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623 Guangdong China
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17
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Hussain T, Lee J, Abba MC, Chen J, Aldaz CM. Delineating WWOX Protein Interactome by Tandem Affinity Purification-Mass Spectrometry: Identification of Top Interactors and Key Metabolic Pathways Involved. Front Oncol 2018; 8:591. [PMID: 30619736 PMCID: PMC6300487 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It has become clear from multiple studies that WWOX (WW domain-containing oxidoreductase) operates as a "non-classical" tumor suppressor of significant relevance in cancer progression. Additionally, WWOX has been recognized for its role in a much wider array of human pathologies including metabolic conditions and central nervous system related syndromes. A myriad of putative functional roles has been attributed to WWOX mostly through the identification of various binding proteins. However, the reality is that much remains to be learned on the key relevant functions of WWOX in the normal cell. Here we employed a Tandem Affinity Purification-Mass Spectrometry (TAP-MS) approach in order to better define direct WWOX protein interactors and by extension interaction with multiprotein complexes under physiological conditions on a proteomic scale. This work led to the identification of both well-known, but more importantly novel high confidence WWOX interactors, suggesting the involvement of WWOX in specific biological and molecular processes while delineating a comprehensive portrait of WWOX protein interactome. Of particular relevance is WWOX interaction with key proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi, late endosomes, protein transport, and lysosomes networks such as SEC23IP, SCAMP3, and VOPP1. These binding partners harbor specific PPXY motifs which directly interact with the amino-terminal WW1 domain of WWOX. Pathway analysis of WWOX interactors identified a significant enrichment of metabolic pathways associated with proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids breakdown. Thus, suggesting that WWOX likely plays relevant roles in glycolysis, fatty acid degradation and other pathways that converge primarily in Acetyl-CoA generation, a fundamental molecule not only as the entry point to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle for energy production, but also as the key building block for de novo synthesis of lipids and amino acids. Our results provide a significant lead on subsets of protein partners and enzymatic complexes with which full-length WWOX protein interacts with in order to carry out its metabolic and other biological functions while also becoming a valuable resource for further mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabish Hussain
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
| | - Martin C Abba
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, School of Medicine, Universidad de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - C Marcelo Aldaz
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Science Park, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, United States
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18
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Abstract
Antigen cross-presentation is an adaptation of the cellular process of loading MHC-I molecules with endogenous peptides during their biosynthesis within the endoplasmic reticulum. Cross-presented peptides derive from internalized proteins, microbial pathogens, and transformed or dying cells. The physical separation of internalized cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum, where the machinery for assembling peptide-MHC-I complexes resides, poses a challenge. To solve this problem, deliberate rewiring of organelle communication within cells is necessary to prepare for cross-presentation, and different endocytic receptors and vesicular traffic patterns customize the emergent cross-presentation compartment to the nature of the peptide source. Three distinct pathways of vesicular traffic converge to form the ideal cross-presentation compartment, each regulated differently to supply a unique component that enables cross-presentation of a diverse repertoire of peptides. Delivery of centerpiece MHC-I molecules is the critical step regulated by microbe-sensitive Toll-like receptors. Defining the subcellular sources of MHC-I and identifying sites of peptide loading during cross-presentation remain key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Magarian Blander
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; .,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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19
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Overexpression of SCAMP3 is an indicator of poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:109247-109257. [PMID: 29312605 PMCID: PMC5752518 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SCAMP3, an isoform of the secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs) family, is a membrane-trafficking protein involved in endosome transport. Previous microarray data showed that SCAMP3 mRNA is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, the expression and clinical significance of SCAMP3 in 100 pairs of HCC and adjacent normal tissue were investigated. siRNA transfection was performed to silence SCAMP3 expression in HCC cells. The MTS assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation, cell cycle progression of HCC cells. Compared with adjacent normal tissues, SCAMP3 expression was dramatically increased in HCC tissues demonstrated by Western blotting (P < 0.05). In immunohistochemistry, compared with the adjacent normal tissues, SCAMP3 was detected in 96% of the HCC samples with a significant increase in intensity and number of stained cells (P < 0.05). Also, high SCAMP3 expression was found in 86% of the HCC samples (P < 0.05). The increased SCAMP3 expression was significantly correlated with vascular invasion (P = 0.004) and tumor stage (P = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses showed that the expression of SCAMP3 was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival of HCC patients. Knockdown of SCAMP3 expression led to suppression of cell proliferation and blockage of cell cycle of HCC cells. In conclusion, our present study suggested that SCAMP3 may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and molecular target of HCC and further investigation is warranted.
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20
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Knuff K, Finlay BB. What the SIF Is Happening-The Role of Intracellular Salmonella-Induced Filaments. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:335. [PMID: 28791257 PMCID: PMC5524675 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A common strategy among intracellular bacterial pathogens is to enter into a vacuolar environment upon host cell invasion. One such pathogen, Salmonella enterica, resides within the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) inside epithelial cells and macrophages. Salmonella hijacks the host endosomal system to establish this unique intracellular replicative niche, forming a highly complex and dynamic network of Salmonella-induced filaments (SIFs). SIFs radiate outwards from the SCV upon onset of bacterial replication. SIF biogenesis is dependent on the activity of bacterial effector proteins secreted by the Salmonella-pathogenicity island-2 (SPI-2) encoded type III secretion system. While the presence of SIFs has been known for almost 25 years, their precise role during infection remains elusive. This review summarizes our current knowledge of SCV maturation and SIF biogenesis, and recent advances in our understanding of the role of SIFs inside cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Knuff
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B Brett Finlay
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
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Lobingier BT, Hüttenhain R, Eichel K, Miller KB, Ting AY, von Zastrow M, Krogan NJ. An Approach to Spatiotemporally Resolve Protein Interaction Networks in Living Cells. Cell 2017; 169:350-360.e12. [PMID: 28388416 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cells operate through protein interaction networks organized in space and time. Here, we describe an approach to resolve both dimensions simultaneously by using proximity labeling mediated by engineered ascorbic acid peroxidase (APEX). APEX has been used to capture entire organelle proteomes with high temporal resolution, but its breadth of labeling is generally thought to preclude the higher spatial resolution necessary to interrogate specific protein networks. We provide a solution to this problem by combining quantitative proteomics with a system of spatial references. As proof of principle, we apply this approach to interrogate proteins engaged by G-protein-coupled receptors as they dynamically signal and traffic in response to ligand-induced activation. The method resolves known binding partners, as well as previously unidentified network components. Validating its utility as a discovery pipeline, we establish that two of these proteins promote ubiquitin-linked receptor downregulation after prolonged activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braden T Lobingier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ruth Hüttenhain
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kelsie Eichel
- Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Alice Y Ting
- Departments of Genetics, Biology, and Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Quantitative Biosciences Institute, QBI, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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22
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Thomas P, Wohlford D, Aoh QL. SCAMP 3 is a novel regulator of endosomal morphology and composition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1028-34. [PMID: 27507217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Secretory Carrier Membrane Proteins (SCAMPs) are transmembrane proteins that function in the plasma membrane, endosomes, and trans-Golgi network. Here we show that SCAMP 3 is a novel regulator of endosomal morphology and composition. Under certain nutrient-starved conditions, SCAMP 3 concentrates in enlarged early endosomes. The enlarged contain ubiquitylated and non-ubiquitylated SCAMP 3 as well as other SCAMPs, EEA1, and the ESCRT-0 protein Hrs. We demonstrate that SCAMP 3 is sufficient to recruit Hrs to the enlarged endosomes. Taken together, our results suggest a novel role for SCAMP 3 in modifying endosome structure through interactions that involve its ubiquitylation and ESCRT proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Thomas
- Department of Biology, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16514, United States
| | - Dacey Wohlford
- Department of Biology, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16514, United States
| | - Quyen L Aoh
- Department of Biology, Gannon University, Erie, PA 16514, United States.
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23
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Walker B, Schmid E, Russo A, Schmidt EM, Burk O, Münzer P, Velic A, Macek B, Schaller M, Schwab M, Seabra MC, Gawaz M, Lang F, Borst O. Impact of the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 on platelet dense granule biogenesis and secretion. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1325-34. [PMID: 25944668 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet secretion is critical to development of acute thrombotic occlusion. Platelet dense granules contain a variety of important hemostatically active substances. Nevertheless, biogenesis of platelet granules is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) has been shown to be highly expressed in platelets and megakaryocytes, but its role in the regulation of platelet granule biogenesis and its impact on thrombosis has not been investigated so far. METHODS AND RESULTS Electron microscopy analysis of the platelet ultrastructure revealed a significant reduction in the number and packing of dense granules in platelets lacking SGK1 (sgk1(-/-) ). In sgk1(-/-) platelets serotonin content was significantly reduced and activation-dependent secretion of ATP, serotonin and CD63 significantly impaired. In vivo adhesion after carotis ligation was significantly decreased in platelets lacking SGK1 and occlusive thrombus formation after FeCl3 -induced vascular injury was significantly diminished in sgk1(-/-) mice. Transcript levels and protein abundance of dense granule biogenesis regulating GTPase Rab27b were significantly reduced in sgk1(-/-) platelets without affecting Rab27b mRNA stability. In MEG-01 cells transfection with constitutively active (S422) (D) SGK1 but not with inactive (K127) (N) SGK1 significantly enhanced Rab27b mRNA levels. Sgk1(-/-) megakaryocytes show significantly reduced expression of Rab27b and serotonin/CD63 levels compared with sgk1(+/+) megakaryocytes. Proteome analysis identified nine further vesicular transport proteins regulated by SGK1, which may have an impact on impaired platelet granule biogenesis in sgk1(-/-) platelets independent of Rab27b. CONCLUSIONS The present observations identify SGK1 as a novel powerful regulator of platelet dense granule biogenesis, platelet secretion and thrombus formation. SGK1 is at least partially effective because it regulates transcription of Rab27b in megakaryocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Walker
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Schmid
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Russo
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - E-M Schmidt
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - O Burk
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - P Münzer
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Velic
- Proteom Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Macek
- Proteom Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Schaller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Schwab
- Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M C Seabra
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - M Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - O Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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24
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Endosome maturation, transport and functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 31:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Bissig C, Gruenberg J. ALIX and the multivesicular endosome: ALIX in Wonderland. Trends Cell Biol 2014; 24:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Record M, Carayon K, Poirot M, Silvente-Poirot S. Exosomes as new vesicular lipid transporters involved in cell-cell communication and various pathophysiologies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1841:108-20. [PMID: 24140720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 573] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles that have emerged as a new intercellular communication system between an intracellular compartment of a donor cell towards the periphery or an internal compartment of a recipient cell. The bioactivity of exosomes resides not only in their protein and RNA contents but also in their lipidic molecules. Exosomes display original lipids organized in a bilayer membrane and along with the lipid carriers such as fatty acid binding proteins that they contain, exosomes transport bioactive lipids. Exosomes can vectorize lipids such as eicosanoids, fatty acids, and cholesterol, and their lipid composition can be modified by in-vitro manipulation. They also contain lipid related enzymes so that they can constitute an autonomous unit of production of various bioactive lipids. Exosomes can circulate between proximal or distal cells and their fate can be regulated in part by lipidic molecules. Compared to their parental cells, exosomes are enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin and their accumulation in cells might modulate recipient cell homeostasis. Exosome release from cells appears to be a general biological process. They have been reported in all biological fluids from which they can be recovered and can be monitors of specific pathophysiological situations. Thus, the lipid content of circulating exosomes could be useful biomarkers of lipid related diseases. Since the first lipid analysis of exosomes ten years ago detailed knowledge of exosomal lipids has accumulated. The role of lipids in exosome fate and bioactivity and how they constitute an additional lipid transport system are considered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Record
- INSERM-UMR 1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Team "Sterol Metabolism and Therapeutic Innovation in Oncology", BP3028, CHU Purpan, Toulouse F-31300, France; Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24 Rue du Pont Saint-Pierre, 31052 Toulouse Cedex, France; Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse 3, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France.
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Smith CJ, Berry DM, McGlade CJ. The E3 ubiquitin ligases RNF126 and Rabring7 regulate endosomal sorting of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1366-80. [PMID: 23418353 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) results in internalization and ubiquitin-dependent endosomal sorting, leading to lysosomal degradation. Here we describe the role of the RING-finger-domain-containing protein RNF126 and the related protein, Rabring7 in EGFR endosomal sorting. We demonstrate that RNF126 specifies K48-linked chains with UbcH5b and also functions with Ubc13/Uev1a to form K63-linked chains in vitro. RNF126 and Rabring7 associate with the EGFR through a ubiquitin-binding zinc finger domain and both E3 ubiquitin ligases promote ubiquitylation of EGFR. In the absence of c-Cbl or in cells expressing Cbl-70Z, the binding of RNF126 and Rabring7 to the EGFR is reduced, suggesting that RNF126 and Rabring7 function downstream of c-Cbl. In HeLa cells depleted of either RNF126 or Rabring7 the EGFR is retained in a late endocytic compartment and is inefficiently degraded. In addition, depletion of RNF126 or Rabring7 destabilizes ESCRT-II and reduces the number of multivesicular bodies formed after EGF stimulation. We also show that the depletion of Rabring7 attenuates the degradation of MET and that both RNF126 and Rabring7 regulate the sorting of CXCR4 from an early endocytic compartment. Together these data suggest that RNF126 and Rabring7 play a role in the ubiquitin-dependent sorting and downregulation of membrane receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Smith
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
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28
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Cortese K, Howes MT, Lundmark R, Tagliatti E, Bagnato P, Petrelli A, Bono M, McMahon HT, Parton RG, Tacchetti C. The HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin perturbs endosomal structure and drives recycling ErbB2 and transferrin to modified MVBs/lysosomal compartments. Mol Biol Cell 2012; 24:129-44. [PMID: 23154999 PMCID: PMC3541960 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e12-04-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ErbB2 receptor is a validated cancer target whose internalization and trafficking remain poorly understood. The authors propose that ErbB2 internalization upon geldanamycin (GA) occurs predominantly via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and that GA affects endosomal structure and sorting, forcing recycling cargoes toward mixed endo/lysosomal compartments, irrespective of their HSP90 interaction. The ErbB2 receptor is a clinically validated cancer target whose internalization and trafficking mechanisms remain poorly understood. HSP90 inhibitors, such as geldanamycin (GA), have been developed to target the receptor to degradation or to modulate downstream signaling. Despite intense investigations, the entry route and postendocytic sorting of ErbB2 upon GA stimulation have remained controversial. We report that ErbB2 levels inversely impact cell clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) capacity. Indeed, the high levels of the receptor are responsible for its own low internalization rate. GA treatment does not directly modulate ErbB2 CME rate but it affects ErbB2 recycling fate, routing the receptor to modified multivesicular endosomes (MVBs) and lysosomal compartments, by perturbing early/recycling endosome structure and sorting capacity. This activity occurs irrespective of the cargo interaction with HSP90, as both ErbB2 and the constitutively recycled, HSP90-independent, transferrin receptor are found within modified endosomes, and within aberrant, elongated recycling tubules, leading to modified MVBs/lysosomes. We propose that GA, as part of its anticancer activity, perturbs early/recycling endosome sorting, routing recycling cargoes toward mixed endosomal compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Cortese
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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FIP3-endosome-dependent formation of the secondary ingression mediates ESCRT-III recruitment during cytokinesis. Nat Cell Biol 2012; 14:1068-78. [PMID: 23000966 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The final cytokinesis event involves severing of the connecting intercellular bridge (ICB) between daughter cells. FIP3-positive recycling endosomes (FIP3 endosomes) and ESCRT complexes have been implicated in mediating the final stages of cytokinesis. Here we analyse the spatiotemporal dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton, FIP3-endosome fusion and ESCRT-III localization during cytokinesis to show that the ICB narrows by a FIP3-endosome-mediated secondary ingression, whereas the ESCRT-III complex is needed only for the last scission step of cytokinesis. We characterize the role of FIP3 endosomes during cytokinesis to demonstrate that FIP3 endosomes deliver SCAMP2/3 and p50RhoGAP to the ICB during late telophase, proteins required for the formation of the secondary ingression. We also show that the FIP3-endosome-induced secondary ingression is required for the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex to the abscission site. Finally, we characterize a FIP3-endosome-dependent regulation of the ICB cortical actin network through the delivery of p50RhoGAP. These results provide a framework for the coordinated efforts of actin, FIP3 endosomes and the ESCRTs to regulate cytokinesis and abscission.
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