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Paris EA, Bahr JM, Basu S, Barua A. Changes in Nucleolin Expression during Malignant Transformation Leading to Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030661. [PMID: 36765618 PMCID: PMC9913361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is a fatal malignancy of women. Alterations in the expression of nuclear proteins are early steps in malignant transformation; nucleolin is one such protein. Changes in nucleolin expression and circulatory levels during ovarian HGSC development are unknown. The study goal was to determine if tissue and circulatory levels of nucleolin change in response to malignant transformation leading to ovarian HGSC. METHODS Sera, ovaries, and BRCA+ fimbria from healthy subjects, and sera and tumor tissues from patients (n = 10 each), and healthy hens and hens with HGSC were examined in exploratory and prospective studies for nucleolin expression by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, gene expression, and immunoassay, and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS Compared with normal, nucleolin expression was higher in patients and hens with ovarian HGSC and in women with a risk of HGSC (P < 0.05). Compared with normal (1400 + 105 pg/mL, n = 8), serum nucleolin levels were 1.5 and 1.7-fold higher in patients with early- (n = 5) and late-stage (n = 5) HGSC, respectively. Additionally, serum nucleolin levels increased significantly (P < 0.05) prior to the formation of detectable masses. CONCLUSION This pilot study concluded that tissue and serum levels of nucleolin increase in association with malignant changes in ovaries and fimbriae leading to ovarian HGSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Paris
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Janice M. Bahr
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sanjib Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Animesh Barua
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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Martinelli E, Fattorossi A, Battaglia A, Petrillo M, Raspaglio G, Zannoni GF, Fanelli M, Gallo D, Scambia G. Preoperative Anti-Class III β-Tubulin Antibodies As Relevant Clinical Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:358-365. [PMID: 29448203 PMCID: PMC5852414 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) overexpression in ovarian cancer (OC) associates with poor prognosis. We investigated whether TUBB3 overexpression elicited anti-TUBB3 antibody production in OC patients and whether these antibodies may have diagnostic and prognostic impact. The presence of serum anti-TUBB3 antibodies was investigated in 49 untreated OC patients and 44 healthy individuals by an in-house developed ELISA that used recombinant TUBB3 as the antigen. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the assay. Anti-TUBB3 antibodies discriminated OC patients and healthy individuals with excellent sensitivity and specificity (91.8% and 90.9%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, anti-TUBB3 antibody level emerged as an independent prognostic factor for progression free and overall survival. The ELISA was then optimized using a biotin-labeled TUBB3 C-terminal peptide424-450 instead of recombinant TUBB3 as the antigen and streptavidin-coated plates. The diagnostic role of the anti-TUBB3 antibodies was studied in an independent series of 99 OC patients and 80 gynecological benign disease patients. ROC-curve analysis showed a valuable diagnostic potential for serum anti-TUBB3 antibodies to identify OC patients with higher sensitivity and specificity (95.3% and 97.6%, respectively). Overall, our results provide evidence that preoperative anti-TUBB3 antibody level is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the management of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Martinelli
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fattorossi
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Battaglia
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Petrillo
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Raspaglio
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Franco Zannoni
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Fanelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli -Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Association of Immunosuppression with DR6 Expression during the Development and Progression of Spontaneous Ovarian Cancer in Laying Hen Model. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:6729379. [PMID: 27579331 PMCID: PMC4989061 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6729379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OVCA) mainly disseminates in the peritoneal cavity. Immune functions are important to prevent OVCA progression and recurrence. The mechanism of immunosuppression, a hallmark of tumor progression, is not well understood. The goal of this study was to determine the immune system's responses and its suppression during OVCA development and progression in hens. Frequencies of CD8+ T cells and IgY-containing cells and expression of immunosuppressors including IRG1 and DR6 in OVCA at early and late stages in hens were examined. Frequencies of stromal but not the intratumoral CD+8 T cells and IgY-containing cells increased significantly (P < 0.01) during OVCA development and progression. Tumor progression was associated with increased expression of IRG1 and DR6 and decreased infiltration of immune cells into the tumor. Frequency of stromal but not intratumoral immune cells increases during OVCA development and progression. Tumor-induced IRG1 and DR6 may prevent immune cells from invading the tumor.
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Bhatt P, Vhora I, Patil S, Amrutiya J, Bhattacharya C, Misra A, Mashru R. Role of antibodies in diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer: Basic approach and clinical status. J Control Release 2016; 226:148-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Shukla HD, Mahmood J, Vujaskovic Z. Integrated proteo-genomic approach for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Cancer Lett 2015; 369:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhang M, Zhuang G, Sun X, Shen Y, Zhao A, Di W. Risk prediction model for epithelial ovarian cancer using molecular markers and clinical characteristics. J Ovarian Res 2015; 8:67. [PMID: 26490766 PMCID: PMC4618052 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-quality risk prediction model is urgently needed for the clinical management of ovarian cancer. However most existing models are solely based on clinical parameters, and molecular classifications in recent reports are still being debated. This study aimed to establish a risk prediction model by using both clinicopathological and molecular factors (the synthetic model) for epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in epithelial ovarian cancer patients (n = 161) treated with primary debulking surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The expression level of 15 selected molecular markers were measured using immunohistochemistry. A risk model was developed using COX regression analysis with overall survival as the primary outcome. A simplified scoring system for each prognostic factor was based on its coefficient. Independent validation (n = 40) was conducted to evaluate the performance of the model. RESULTS A total of 10 out of 15 molecular markers were significantly associated with clinical characteristics and overall survival. The synthetic model performed better than the clinicopathological risk model or the molecular risk model alone, as assessed by analysis of the receiver-operating characteristics curve area and the Youden index. The synthetic model included parity (>3), peritoneal metastasis, stage, tumor type, residual disease, and expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), breast cancer 1 (BRCA1), murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS). CONCLUSIONS Our synthetic risk model may more accurately predict survival of epithelial ovarian cancer patients than current models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Xiangjun Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yanying Shen
- Department of Pathology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Aimin Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Wen Di
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Mony JT, Zhang L, Ma T, Grabosch S, Tirodkar TS, Brozick J, Tseng G, Elishaev E, Edwards RP, Huang X, Vlad AM. Anti-PD-L1 prolongs survival and triggers T cell but not humoral anti-tumor immune responses in a human MUC1-expressing preclinical ovarian cancer model. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:1095-108. [PMID: 25998800 PMCID: PMC4545381 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies that block inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules and enhance anti-tumor responses show clinical promise in advanced solid tumors. Most of the preliminary evidence on therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers comes from studies in melanoma, lung and renal cancer. To test the in vivo potential of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade in ovarian cancer, we recently generated a new transplantable tumor model using human mucin 1 (MUC1)-expressing 2F8 cells. The MUC1 transgenic (MUC1.Tg) mice develop large number of intraperitoneal (IP) tumors following IP injection of 8 × 10(5) syngeneic 2F8 cells. The tumors are aggressive and display little T cell infiltration. Anti-PD-L1 antibody was administered IP every 2 weeks (200 μg/dose) for a total of three doses. Treatment was started 21 days post-tumor challenge, a time point which corresponds to late tumor stage. The anti-PD-L1 treatment led to substantial T cell infiltration within the tumor and significantly increased survival (p = 0.001) compared to isotype control-treated mice. When the same therapy was administered to wild-type mice challenged with 2F8 tumors, no survival benefit was observed, despite the presence of high titer anti-MUC1 antibodies. However, earlier treatment (day 11) and higher frequency of IP injections restored the T cell responses and led to prolonged survival. Splenocyte profiling via Nanostring using probes for 511 immune genes revealed a treatment-induced immune gene signature consistent with increased T cell-mediated immunity. These findings strongly support further preclinical and clinical strategies exploring PD-L1 blockade in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Thyagabhavan Mony
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Tianzhou Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA USA
| | - Shannon Grabosch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Tejas S. Tirodkar
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Joan Brozick
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - George Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA USA
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Department of Pathology, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, 15213 PA USA
| | - Robert P. Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Anda M. Vlad
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute B403, 204 Craft Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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Bandiera E, Zanotti L, Fabricio ASC, Bucca E, Squarcina E, Romani C, Tassi R, Bignotti E, Todeschini P, Tognon G, Romagnolo C, Gion M, Sartori E, Maggino T, Pecorelli S, Ravaggi A. Cancer antigen 125, human epididymis 4, kallikrein 6, osteopontin and soluble mesothelin-related peptide immunocomplexed with immunoglobulin M in epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2014; 51:1815-24. [PMID: 24013103 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2013-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), kallikrein 6 (KLK6), osteopontin (OPN) and soluble mesothelin-related peptide (SMRP) are new promising biomarkers that could integrate CA125 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) diagnosis. The autoantibody response to tumor antigens is a potential tool for improving the diagnostic performances of biomarkers. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of these biomarkers in the form of free markers and immunocomplexed with immunoglobulin M (IgM). Moreover, we analyzed the association between these markers and clinico-pathological characteristics of EOC patients. METHODS Serum and plasma samples of 60 healthy controls, 60 ovarian benign cysts, 60 endometriosis and 60 EOCs, collected before any treatment, were tested for CICs and free antigens by immunoassays. RESULTS Immunocomplexes were characterized by poor sensitivity and specificity, since they allowed the detection only of a small number of EOC patients and were increased in patients with benign gynecological pathologies. However, the markers in the form of free antigens showed good diagnostic performances. Of note, CA125 and HE4 showed high sensitivity in the detection of the malignancy and HE4 emerged as a useful biomarker in differential diagnosis between EOC and endometriosis. Finally, elevated KLK6 and OPN, were associated with advanced FIGO stage, high grade disease, suboptimally debulked tumor and ascites. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the diagnostic role of CA125, HE4, KLK6, OPN and SMRP, and for the first time showed that CA125, HE4, KLK6, OPN and SMRP immunocomplexed with IgM are not a potential tool for EOC diagnosis.
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Humoral autoimmune responses to insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding proteins IMP1 and p62/IMP2 in ovarian cancer. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:326593. [PMID: 24872956 PMCID: PMC4020369 DOI: 10.1155/2014/326593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women. There is an urgent need of better approaches for the identification of appropriate biomarkers in the early detection of ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to elucidate the significance of autoantibodies against insulin-like growth factor II mRNA-binding proteins (IMPs) in patients with ovarian cancer. In this study, autoantibody responses to two members (IMP1 and p62/IMP2) of IMPs were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and indirect immunofluorescence assay in sera from patients with ovarian cancer and normal human individuals. The results have demonstrated that both IMP1 and p62/IMP2 can induce relatively higher frequency of autoantibody responses in patients with ovarian cancer (26.5% and 29.4%) compared to normal individuals (P < 0.01). Our preliminary data suggest that IMP1 and p62/IMP2 can stimulate autoimmune responses in ovarian cancer, and anti-IMP1 and anti-p62/IMP2 autoantibodies could be used as potential biomarkers in immunodiagnosis of ovarian cancer.
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Bodzek P, Partyka R, Damasiewicz-Bodzek A. Antibodies against Hsp60 and Hsp65 in the sera of women with ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:30. [PMID: 24618330 PMCID: PMC3984705 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-7-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of IgG antibodies against Hsp60 and Hsp65 in sera of patients with ovarian cancer at various stages of clinical progress and for different histopathological types of disease. Methods Serum samples from 149 patients with ovarian carcinoma and 80 healthy women were investigated. The concentrations of anti-Hsp60 and anti-Hsp65 antibodies were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results The mean concentrations of anti-Hsp60 and anti-Hsp65 antibodies in the patients with ovarian cancer did not differ significantly from the mean levels in healthy women. Analysis in relation to the clinical progression stage showed that the concentrations of these antibodies were higher when the neoplastic process was less advanced and at early stages significantly higher than in control group. Mean concentrations of both antibodies were not significantly different in relation to the histological type of the ovarian cancer. The use of chemotherapy as a primary anticancer treatment did not cause a significant change in the concentration of anti-Hsp60 antibodies, but the mean level of anti-Hsp65 after this treatment was significantly higher than in control group. Conclusions The immunological response to Hsp60/65 is increased in early clinical stages of ovarian cancer and the level of anti-hsp60/65 antibodies may be then a helpful diagnostic marker. Even antibodies against highly homologous Hsps may be cross-reactive only partially and differ by some functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bodzek
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynaecology, Medical University of Silesia, Batorego 15, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
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Karabudak AA, Hafner J, Shetty V, Chen S, Secord AA, Morse MA, Philip R. Autoantibody biomarkers identified by proteomics methods distinguish ovarian cancer from non-ovarian cancer with various CA-125 levels. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 139:1757-70. [PMID: 23999876 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CA-125 has been a valuable marker for detecting ovarian cancer, however, it is not sensitive enough to detect early-stage disease and not specific to ovarian cancer. The purpose of our study was to identify autoantibody markers that are specific to ovarian cancer regardless of CA-125 levels. METHODS Top-down and iTRAQ quantitative proteomics methods were used to identify high-frequency autoantibodies in ovarian cancer. Protein microarrays comprising the recombinant autoantigens were screened using serum samples from various stages of ovarian cancer with diverse levels of CA-125 as well as benign and healthy controls. ROC curve and dot blot analyses were performed to validate the sensitivity and specificity of the autoantibody markers. RESULTS The proteomics methodologies identified more than 60 potential high-frequency autoantibodies in ovarian cancer. Individual serum samples from ovarian cancer stages I-IV compared to control samples that were screened on a microarray containing native recombinant autoantigens revealed a panel of stage I high-frequency autoantibodies. Preliminary ROC curve and dot blot analyses performed with the ovarian cancer samples showed higher specificity and sensitivity as compared to CA-125. Three autoantibody markers exhibited higher specificity in various stages of ovarian cancer with low and normal CA-125 levels. CONCLUSIONS Proteomics technologies are suitable for the identification of protein biomarkers and also the identification of autoantibody biomarkers when combined with protein microarray screening. Using native recombinant autoantigen arrays to screen autoantibody markers, it is possible to identify markers with higher sensitivity and specificity than CA-125 that are relevant to early detection of ovarian cancer.
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Hellstrom I, Swisher E, Hellstrom KE, Yip YY, Agnew K, Luborsky JL. Anti-HE4 antibodies in infertile women and women with ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 130:629-33. [PMID: 23727327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an assay for anti-HE4 antibodies and assess such antibodies in sera from women with increased epidemiologic risk for ovarian cancer (infertility) and patients with ovarian cancer in comparison to controls. METHODS An ELISA was developed to measure antibodies to recombinant full length HE4 and cut-off values were determined for different levels of specificity (up to 99%). RESULTS Infertile women more frequently had anti-HE4 antibodies than controls (23% at 98% specificity, p < 0.001) with antibodies most frequent in women with POF (31%) and ovulatory dysfunction (47%). There was also an increased frequency of anti-HE4 antibodies in patients with ovarian cancer (14% at 97% specificity, p < 0.01), but more women with certain types of infertility have anti-HE4 antibodies than women with ovarian cancer. Most patients with ovarian cancer have circulating HE4 antigen, which may interfere with detection of antibodies, while the level of HE4 antigen in sera from infertile women was not higher than in normal controls. There was a statistically significant correlation between antibodies to HE4 and antibodies to mesothelin in the same patients. CONCLUSIONS Women with certain types of infertility, which have increased risk to develop ovarian cancer, and women with ovarian cancer more frequently than controls have antibodies to HE4, a biomarker for ovarian cancer. The antibodies may reflect a tumor-promoting Th2 type of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Hellstrom
- Department of Pathology, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, United States.
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Immunoglobulin-Mediated Neuro-Cognitive Impairment: New Data and a Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013; 45:248-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8357-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Luborsky JL, Yu Y, Edassery SL, Jaffar J, Yip YY, Liu P, Hellstrom KE, Hellstrom I. Autoantibodies to mesothelin in infertility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1970-8. [PMID: 21846819 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to extensive epidemiologic data, infertility is associated with increased ovarian cancer risk. Previous studies showed that both women with infertility and those with ovarian cancer have autoantibodies to ovarian antigens. The objective was to determine if women with infertility have antibodies to mesothelin, a well-characterized ovarian cancer antigen. METHODS Sera were obtained from women with infertility (n = 109), ovarian cancer (n = 28), benign ovarian tumors or cysts (n = 24), and from healthy women (n = 152). Infertility included those with a risk for ovarian cancer; endometriosis (n = 23), ovulatory dysfunction (n = 17), premature ovarian failure (POF; n = 25) and unexplained infertility (n = 44). Sera were assayed for mesothelin antibodies and for circulating mesothelin antigen by immunoassay and compared with assay control sera (n = 16) to determine a positive result. RESULTS Mesothelin antibodies were significantly more frequent in women with prematurely reduced ovarian function including ovulatory dysfunction (59%), ovarian failure (44%) and unexplained infertility (25%) compared with controls. In contrast, women with endometriosis, who also have a high risk for ovarian cancer, did not have mesothelin antibodies. Serum levels of mesothelin were rarely elevated in women with infertility but were high in most patients with ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPACT We show for the first time that antibodies to mesothelin, a well-characterized ovarian cancer antigen, occur in some women with epidemiologic risk for ovarian cancer. The results suggest it may be possible to identify which women with infertility have ovarian cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith L Luborsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Hellstrom I, Hellstrom KE. fTwo novel biomarkers, mesothelin and HE4, for diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 5:227-240. [PMID: 21643459 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2011.559459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: There is a need to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian carcinoma, particularly the serous type of cancer. Mesothelin and HE4 are two novel biomarkers which are expressed in serous ovarian carcinoma and can be measured in serum and other body fluids, including urine, by using ELISA. The measurement of antibodies to these markers can provide additional useful information. AREAS COVERED: A literature search was performed to as recent as December 1 2010, using the Internet (e.g. PubMed) on articles concerning mesothelin and HE4 for the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. The authors also included up to date recent information from the research performed in their own laboratory. EXPERT OPINION: The combination of CA125 with HE4 facilitates the triaging of women with a pelvic mass and detects more stage I/II tumors than CA125, the present 'gold standard', when used alone. Assaying urine for HE4 or mesothelin may detect early ovarian carcinoma more often than assaying serum. Antibodies to mesothelin and HE4 are more frequent in women with ovarian carcinoma or with certain types of infertility than in controls. No presently available biomarker or multi-marker panel lends itself to screening large populations of symptomless women to make possible detection of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma at stage I or II. The authors anticipate, within the next 5 years, that a greater emphasis will be given to the fact that the different subtypes of ovarian carcinoma represent different types of disease. Each different type of disease will require a different diagnostic approach and more efforts will focus on high grade serous ovarian carcinoma for which the clinical need is the greatest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Hellstrom
- Dept. of Pathology, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98104-2490
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Exploring the immunoproteome for ovarian cancer biomarker discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:410-28. [PMID: 21339995 PMCID: PMC3039961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12010410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Most scientific efforts towards early detection of ovarian cancer are commonly focused on the discovery of tumour-associated antigens (TAA). Autologous antibodies against TAA, however, may serve as more sensitive diagnostic markers. They circulate in the blood before TAA and are usually more abundant than the TAAs themselves as a result of amplification through the humoral immune response. Accumulating evidence also suggests that a humoral response already exists during malignant transformation when aberrant gene expression is translated into premalignant cellular changes. This article reviews the current knowledge about autoantibodies against TAA in ovarian cancer and presents current immunoproteomic approaches for their detection.
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Langmár Z, Vleskó G. A hősokkfehérjék lehetséges szerepe a petefészekrák kezelésében. Orv Hetil 2011; 152:92-5. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2011.29024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cohen M, Dromard M, Petignat P. Heat shock proteins in ovarian cancer: A potential target for therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2010; 119:164-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2009:581939. [PMID: 20145720 PMCID: PMC2817389 DOI: 10.1155/2009/581939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This review will focus on recent knowledge related to circulating autoantibodies (AAbs) to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. So far, the following TAAs have been identified to elicit circulating AAbs in epithelial ovarian carcinoma: p53, homeobox proteins (HOXA7, HOXB7), heat shock proteins (HSP-27, HSP-90), cathepsin D, cancer-testis antigens (NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1), MUC1, GIPC-1, IL-8, Ep-CAM, and S100A7. Since AAbs to TAAs have been identified in the circulation of patients with early-stage cancer, it has been speculated that the assessment of a panel of AAbs specific for epithelial ovarian carcinoma TAAs might hold great potential as a novel tool for early diagnosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
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Zacchetti A, Coliva A, Luison E, Seregni E, Bombardieri E, Giussani A, Figini M, Canevari S. 177Lu- labeled MOv18 as compared to 131I- or 90Y-labeled MOv18 has the better therapeutic effect in eradication of alpha folate receptor-expressing tumor xenografts. Nucl Med Biol 2009; 36:759-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Barua A, Edassery SL, Bitterman P, Abramowicz JS, Dirks AL, Bahr JM, Hales DB, Bradaric MJ, Luborsky JL. Prevalence of antitumor antibodies in laying hen model of human ovarian cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2009; 19:500-7. [PMID: 19509543 DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181a39db1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor antibodies are associated with tumors in human cancers. There is relatively little information on the timing and progression of antibody response to tumors. The objective of the study was to determine if spontaneous ovarian cancer in the egg-laying hen is associated with antitumor antibodies. Antibodies were detected by immunoassay and immunoblotting using proteins from normal ovary and ovarian tumors. Candidate antigens were identified by mass spectrometry of immunoreactive spots cut from 2-dimensional gels and Western blot. Antitumor (serum reacting against tumor ovarian extract) and antiovarian (serum reacting against normal ovarian extract) antibodies were significantly associated with ovarian cancer (67%; P <or= 0.001) compared with normal control hens. Hens with abnormal histology but no gross tumor had antitumor antibodies (63%; P <or= 0.025) but not antiovarian antibodies. There were common as well as different immunoreactions against normal ovary and homologous and heterologous tumor proteins in 2-dimensional Western blots. The candidate antigens included those commonly associated with human cancers and other diseases such as vimentin, apolipoprotein A1, Annexin II, enolase, DJ-1, and so on. The results suggest that antitumor antibodies are associated with ovarian cancer in hens, similar to human ovarian cancer. The egg-laying hen may be a model for understanding the antitumor humoral immune response, particularly at early tumor stages that are not readily accessible in human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Barua
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Hellstrom I, Friedman E, Verch T, Yang Y, Korach J, Jaffar J, Swisher E, Zhang B, Ben-Baruch G, Tan MCB, Goedegebuure P, Hellstrom KE. Anti-mesothelin antibodies and circulating mesothelin relate to the clinical state in ovarian cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:1520-6. [PMID: 18559570 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human ovarian carcinomas express mesothelin, which is shed as a diagnostically useful biomarker. We applied an ELISA to measure antibodies to native mesothelin in serum from a series of patients with divergent clinical outcomes. The level of anti-mesothelin antibodies determined as OD(450 nm) and referred to as absorption units (AU) for 1:20 diluted serum was higher in patients who remained disease-free after therapy [no evidence of disease (NED); n = 14] than in patients whose disease recurred [clinical evidence of disease (CED); n = 21; P < 0.01]. Applying AU > or = 0.5 at a serum dilution of 1:20 as cutoff, 10 of 14 (71%) ovarian carcinoma patients with NED and 9 of 21 (43%) patients with CED had antibodies to mesothelin compared with 6 of 23 (26%) healthy women (P < 0.008) and 5 of 24 (21%) women with other benign gynecologic diseases (P < 0.003), whereas 7 of 9 (78%) of women with pelvic inflammatory disease were positive. Three of the 14 (21%) NED patients had circulating mesothelin detected as an AU > or = 0.2 at a serum dilution of 1:40 (P < 0.005) compared with 15 of 21 (71%) CED patients, and 9 of 14 (64%) NED patients (P < 0.0002) were positive for antibodies and negative for antigen compared with 1 of 21 (5%) CED patients. Although our data indicate that an antibody response to mesothelin is an important correlate of ovarian carcinoma, prospective studies are needed to show whether the measurement of such antibodies (alone or together with antigen) aids the diagnosis and monitoring of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingegerd Hellstrom
- Department of Pathology, Box 359939 Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
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Tumor-infiltrating T cells correlate with NY-ESO-1-specific autoantibodies in ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3409. [PMID: 18923710 PMCID: PMC2561074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 09/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells are correlated with prolonged progression-free and overall survival in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). A significant fraction of EOC patients mount autoantibody responses to various tumor antigens, however the relationship between autoantibodies and tumor-infiltrating T cells has not been investigated in EOC or any other human cancer. We hypothesized that autoantibody and T cell responses may be correlated in EOC and directed toward the same antigens. Methodology and Principal Findings We obtained matched serum and tumor tissue from 35 patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Serum samples were assessed by ELISA for autoantibodies to the common tumor antigen NY-ESO-1. Tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry for expression of NY-ESO-1, various T cell markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25, FoxP3, TIA-1 and Granzyme B) and other immunological markers (CD20, MHC class I and MHC class II). Lymphocytic infiltrates varied widely among tumors and included cells positive for CD3, CD8, TIA-1, CD25, FoxP3 and CD4. Twenty-six percent (9/35) of patients demonstrated serum IgG autoantibodies to NY-ESO-1, which were positively correlated with expression of NY-ESO-1 antigen by tumor cells (r = 0.57, p = 0.0004). Autoantibodies to NY-ESO-1 were associated with increased tumor-infiltrating CD8+, CD4+ and FoxP3+ cells. In an individual HLA-A2+ patient with autoantibodies to NY-ESO-1, CD8+ T cells isolated from solid tumor and ascites were reactive to NY-ESO-1 by IFN-γ ELISPOT and MHC class I pentamer staining. Conclusion and Significance We demonstrate that tumor-specific autoantibodies and tumor-infiltrating T cells are correlated in human cancer and can be directed against the same target antigen. This implies that autoantibodies may collaborate with tumor-infiltrating T cells to influence clinical outcomes in EOC. Furthermore, serological screening methods may prove useful for identifying clinically relevant T cell antigens for immunotherapy.
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Narasimhan K, Changqing Z, Choolani M. Ovarian cancer proteomics: Many technologies one goal. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:195-218. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Rapberger R, Perco P, Sax C, Pangerl T, Siehs C, Pils D, Bernthaler A, Lukas A, Mayer B, Krainer M. Linking the ovarian cancer transcriptome and immunome. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2008; 2:2. [PMID: 18173842 PMCID: PMC2265674 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Autoantigens have been reported in a variety of tumors, providing insight into the interplay between malignancies and the immune response, and also giving rise to novel diagnostic and therapeutic concepts. Why certain tumor-associated proteins induce an immune response remains largely elusive. Results This paper analyzes the proposed link between increased abundance of a protein in cancerous tissue and the increased potential of the protein for induction of a humoral immune response, using ovarian cancer as an example. Public domain data sources on differential gene expression and on autoantigens associated with this malignancy were extracted and compared, using bioinformatics analysis, on the levels of individual genes and proteins, transcriptional coregulation, joint functional pathways, and shared protein-protein interaction networks. Finally, a selected list of ovarian cancer-associated, differentially regulated proteins was tested experimentally for reactivity with antibodies prevalent in sera of ovarian cancer patients. Genes reported as showing differential expression in ovarian cancer exhibited only minor overlap with the public domain list of ovarian cancer autoantigens. However, experimental screening for antibodies directed against antigenic determinants from ovarian cancer-associated proteins yielded clear reactions with sera. Conclusion A link between tumor protein abundance and the likelihood of induction of a humoral immune response in ovarian cancer appears evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Rapberger
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Karagiannis SN, Bracher MG, Hunt J, McCloskey N, Beavil RL, Beavil AJ, Fear DJ, Thompson RG, East N, Burke F, Moore RJ, Dombrowicz DD, Balkwill FR, Gould HJ. IgE-antibody-dependent immunotherapy of solid tumors: cytotoxic and phagocytic mechanisms of eradication of ovarian cancer cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:2832-43. [PMID: 17709497 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.5.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abs have a paramount place in the treatment of certain, mainly lymphoid, malignancies, although tumors of nonhemopoietic origin have proved more refractory ones. We have previously shown that the efficacy of immunotherapy of solid tumors, in particular ovarian carcinoma, may be improved by the use of IgE Abs in place of the conventional IgG. An IgE Ab (MOv18 IgE) against an ovarian-tumor-specific Ag (folate binding protein), in combination with human PBMC, introduced into ovarian cancer xenograft-bearing mice, greatly exceeded the analogous IgG1 in promoting survival. In this study, we analyzed the mechanisms by which MOv18 IgE may exert its antitumor activities. Monocytes were essential IgE receptor-expressing effector cells that mediated the enhanced survival of tumor-bearing mice by MOv18 IgE and human PBMC. Monocytes mediated MOv18 IgE-dependent ovarian tumor cell killing in vitro by two distinct pathways, cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, acting respectively through the IgE receptors FcepsilonRI and CD23. We also show that human eosinophils were potent effector cells in MOv18 IgE Ab-dependent ovarian tumor cell cytotoxicity in vitro. These results demonstrate that IgE Abs can engage cell surface IgE receptors and activate effector cells against ovarian tumor cells. Our findings offer a framework for an improved immunotherapeutic strategy for combating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia N Karagiannis
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
The traditional view that immunoglobulin is produced only by differentiated B lymphocytes has been challenged as immunoglobulin genes have been found to be expressed in nonhematopoietic human cancer cells. However, this phenomenon has not been widely accepted, and knowledge about this newly discovered concept is limited. In this study, we investigated the IgG1 heavy chain (IGHG1) constant region gene and IgG protein expression in 6 cell lines, including epithelial cancer cells, and in tissues from 66 hyperplasias, adenomas, and carcinomas. We also studied the mechanism of IgG production in these cells by examining the expression of RAG1 (recombination activating gene 1), RAG2, and AID (activation-induced cytidine deaminase). In cancer cell lines, mRNA of the IGHG1 constant region and Igamma-Cgamma sterile transcript were detected by nested RT-PCR, and Ig gamma and Ig kappa proteins were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. In surgically resected carcinoma tissues, we detected mRNA of the IGHG1 constant region by in situ hybridization, and by laser microdissection-assisted nested RT-PCR. Ig gamma and Ig kappa proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. The V(D)J recombination of IgH and IgL loci, the Sgamma1/2-Smu switch circle, and the expression of RAG1 and RAG2 were also found in these cancer cell lines. These data suggest that cancer cells are capable of producing IgG. Because of its potential biological and clinical significance, this phenomenon warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
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Barua A, Bradaric MJ, Kebede T, Espionosa S, Edassery SL, Bitterman P, Rotmensch J, Luborsky JL. Anti-tumor and Anti-ovarian Autoantibodies in Women with Ovarian Cancer. Am J Reprod Immunol 2007; 57:243-9. [PMID: 17362385 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2007.00470.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM There is a lack of validated marker(s) for the diagnosis of early-stage ovarian cancer (OVCA). The objective was to determine if women with OVCA had antibodies, to assess their potential as markers of ovarian cancer. The secondary objective was to compare the prevalence of antibodies to proteins from normal ovary and ovarian tumors to determine if antibodies primarily recognize tumor antigens, as many antigens are common to tumor and normal ovary. METHOD OF STUDY Serum samples from patients with OVCA, borderline or benign ovarian tumors, endometrial cancer and healthy women were examined for anti-ovarian and anti-tumor antibodies by immunoassay. Immunoreactive proteins were characterized by one- and two-dimensional Western blot. RESULTS Ovarian (81%, P < or = 0.001) and anti-tumor (69%, P < or = 0.001) autoantibodies in OVCA were significantly different from those of control sera. A majority of OVCA serum samples reacted with proteins at about 50 kDa from normal ovary or ovarian tumors in one-dimensional Western blot. While there were similar reactions in two-dimensional Western blots, there are differences between reactions to normal and tumor antigens and between reactions to autologous and allogeneic tumors. CONCLUSION Serum autoantibodies are significantly associated with OVCA. Anti-tumor antibodies may provide a useful marker for the detection of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Barua
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Teng MWL, Kershaw MH, Jackson JT, Smyth MJ, Darcy PK. Adoptive transfer of chimeric FcepsilonRI gene-modified human T cells for cancer immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther 2007; 17:1134-43. [PMID: 17052145 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic approaches involving genetic modification of T cells show promise in generating highly specific tumor-reactive effector cells for cancer treatment. Given the high affinity of FcRI (the subtype I Fc receptor for IgE) for IgE monoclonal antibody (mAb), modification of T cells with chimeric FcRI in combination with tumor-specific IgE mAbs is potentially a powerful and effective strategy to specifically target T cells to tumor cells. In this study, we retrovirally transduce human primary T cells with a cDNA encoding the extracellular domain of FcRI linked to the hinge and transmembrane domains of FcRI and the cytoplasmic domains of CD28 and T cell receptor zeta chain (FcRI-CD28-zeta). We demonstrate that human T cells expressing FcRI-CD28-zeta, in the presence of tumor-specific IgE mAb recognizing mouse CD8 antigen (Ly- 2.1+), can specifically secrete cytokine, proliferate, and mediate cytotoxic function after antigen ligation. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of FcRI-CD28-zeta cells incubated with anti-Ly-2.1 IgE mAb significantly enhances the survival of irradiated nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency mice bearing Ly-2.1+ tumor compared with control mice. Thus, this set of experiments demonstrates that Fc gene-engineered human T cells mediate effector function in vitro and in vivo in an IgE-dependent manner and thus a novel and valid approach for cancer therapy can now be further developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 8006, Australia
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Teng MW, Kershaw MH, Jackson JT, Smyth MJ, Darcy PK. Adoptive Transfer of Chimeric Fc ?RI Gene-Modified Human T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther 2006. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2006.17.ft-254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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