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Shen Q, Wu X, Chen J, He C, Wang Z, Zhou B, Zhang H. Immune Regulation of Seminal Plasma on the Endometrial Microenvironment: Physiological and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14639. [PMID: 37834087 PMCID: PMC10572377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma (SP) accounts for more than 90% of semen volume. It induces inflammation, regulates immune tolerance, and facilitates embryonic development and implantation in the female reproductive tract. In the physiological state, SP promotes endometrial decidualization and causes changes in immune cells such as macrophages, natural killer cells, regulatory T cells, and dendritic cells. This leads to the secretion of cytokines and chemokines and also results in the alteration of miRNA profiles and the expression of genes related to endometrial tolerance and angiogenesis. Together, these changes modulate the endometrial immune microenvironment and contribute to implantation and pregnancy. However, in pathological situations, abnormal alterations in SP due to advanced age or poor diet in men can interfere with a woman's immune adaptation to pregnancy, negatively affecting embryo implantation and even the health of the offspring. Uterine pathologies such as endometriosis and endometritis can cause the endometrium to respond negatively to SP, which can further contribute to pathological progress and interfere with conception. The research on the mechanism of SP in the endometrium is conducive to the development of new targets for intervention to improve reproductive outcomes and may also provide new ideas for semen-assisted treatment of clinical infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzi Shen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Chao He
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Zehao Wang
- School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Boyan Zhou
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Q.S.); (X.W.); (J.C.); (C.H.)
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Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV. A review on immunological aspects in male reproduction: An immune cells and cytokines. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103984. [PMID: 37390629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The male reproductive system, particularly the male gamete, offers a unique barrier to the immune system. The growing germ cells in the testis need to be shielded from autoimmune damage. Hence the testis has to establish and sustain an immune-privileged milieu. Sertoli cells create this safe space, protected by the blood-testis barrier. Cytokines are a type of immune reaction that can positively and negatively affect male reproductive health. Inflammation, disease, and obesity are just a few physiological conditions for which cytokines mediate signals. They interact with steroidogenesis, shaping the adrenals and testes to produce the hormones needed for survival. In particular pathological condition, including autoimmune disorders, contains high levels of the same cytokines in semen that play an essential role in the immunomodulation of the male gonad. This review focuses on understanding the immunological role of cytokines in the control and development of male reproduction. Also, in maintaining male reproductive health and diseases linked with their aberrant function in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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Serum interleukin-38 and -41 levels as candidate biomarkers in male infertility. Immunol Lett 2023; 255:47-53. [PMID: 36870420 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-38 and IL-41 are novel cytokines, but their role in male infertility (MI) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of serum IL-38 and IL-41 in patients with MI and correlate these levels with semen indexes. METHODS Eighty-two patients with MI and 45 healthy controls (HC) were recruited for this study. Semen parameters were detected using computer-aided sperm analysis, Papanicolaou staining, ELISA, flow cytometry, peroxidase staining and enzyme methods. Serum IL-38 and IL-41 levels were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Serum IL-38 levels were decreased (P < 0.01) in patients with MI compared with HC. Serum IL-41 levels were significantly higher in patients with MI than in HC (P < 0.0001). In patients with MI, serum IL-38 levels were positively correlated with semen white blood cell counts (r = 0.29, P = 0.009), and there was a positive correlation between semen white blood cell counts and sperm concentration (r = 0.28, P = 0.0100) and seminal plasma elastase (r = 0.67, P < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of IL-38 for diagnosing MI was 0.5637 (P > 0.05), and the area under the curve of IL-41 for diagnosing MI was 0.7646 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Serum IL-38 levels were significantly lower, and serum IL-41 levels were higher in patients with MI. These results suggest that IL-38 and IL-41 may be novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of MI.
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Liu Q, Song Y, Cui Y, Hu C, Luo Y, Hu D, Wang H, Li K, Chen J, Xiao H. Heterogeneity of fibroblasts is a hallmark of age-associated erectile dysfunction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 156:106343. [PMID: 36503049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of age-associated erectile dysfunction (ED) increases pronouncedly with age. However, the cellular composition and transcriptomic changes of aging penile corpus cavernosum remain largely unclear. METHODS Herein, we performed single cell sequencing penile corpus cavernosum from five young with normal erectile response and five old rats with ED. RESULTS Clustering analysis identified 19 cell types, such as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and immune cells. We next revealed their transcriptomic alterations and investigated novel subpopulations of major cell types. Among them, fibroblasts possessed the largest cell number and showed apparent heterogeneity. By performing single-cell entropy analysis on fibroblasts, we observed the age-associated decrease of entropy, and aged fibroblasts were found to adopt senescent secretory phenotype, as evidenced by the high expression of genes associated with the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Finally, we constructed a comprehensive intercellular communication network and highlighted key mediators of crosstalk between fibroblasts and other cell types. CONCLUSIONS We plotted a cellular atlas of aging cells within penile corpus cavernosum, especially fibroblasts. Our work will deepen the understanding of the heterogeneity among certain cell types within aged penile corpus cavernosum, which will generate positive effects on the future treatment of age-associated ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Liu
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Plastic Surgery Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100040, China
| | - Yulong Song
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yubin Cui
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Daoyuan Hu
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Hengjun Xiao
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Tvrdá E, Ďuračka M, Benko F, Lukáč N. Bacteriospermia - A formidable player in male subfertility. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:1001-1029. [PMID: 36060647 PMCID: PMC9386612 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization of male reproductive tissues, cells, and fluids, and the subsequent impact of bacteria on the sperm architecture, activity, and fertilizing potential, has recently gained increased attention from the medical and scientific community. Current evidence strongly emphasizes the fact that the presence of bacteria in semen may have dire consequences on the resulting male fertility. Nevertheless, the molecular basis underlying bacteriospermia-associated suboptimal semen quality is sophisticated, multifactorial, and still needs further understanding. Bacterial adhesion and subsequent sperm agglutination and immobilization represent the most direct pathway of sperm-bacterial interactions. Furthermore, the release of bacterial toxins and leukocytic infiltration, associated with a massive outburst of reactive oxygen species, have been repeatedly associated with sperm dysfunction in bacteria-infested semen. This review serves as a summary of the present knowledge on bacteriospermia-associated male subfertility. Furthermore, we strived to outline the currently available methods for assessing bacterial profiles in semen and to outline the most promising strategies for the prevention and/or management of bacteriospermia in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tvrdá
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra-Chrenová, 949 76, Slovakia
| | - Michal Ďuračka
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra-Chrenová, 949 76, Slovakia
| | - Filip Benko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra-Chrenová, 949 76, Slovakia
| | - Norbert Lukáč
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra-Chrenová, 949 76, Slovakia
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Sharma R, Gupta S, Agarwal A, Henkel R, Finelli R, Parekh N, Saleh R, Arafa M, Ko E, Zini A, Tadros N, Shah R, Ambar RF, Elbardisi H, Sengupta P, Martinez M, Boitrelle F, Simopoulou M, Vogiatzi P, Gosalvez J, Kavoussi P, Kandil H, Palani A, Rodriguez Peña M, Rajmil O, Busetto GM, Anagnostopoulou C, Micic S, Alves MG, Rocco L, Mostafa T, Alvarez JG, Jindal S, Sallam HN, Maldonado Rosas I, Lewis SEM, AlSaid S, Altan M, Park HJ, Ramsay J, Parekattil S, Sabbaghian M, Tremellen K, Khalafalla K, Durairajanayagam D, Colpi GM. Relevance of Leukocytospermia and Semen Culture and Its True Place in Diagnosing and Treating Male Infertility. World J Mens Health 2022; 40:191-207. [PMID: 34169683 PMCID: PMC8987138 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current WHO 2010 manual for human semen analysis defines leukocytospermia as the presence of peroxidase-positive leukocytes at a concentration >1×106/mL of semen. Granular leukocytes when activated are capable of generating high levels of reactive oxygen species in semen resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been correlated with poor sperm quality, increased level of sperm DNA fragmentation and low fertility potential. The presence of leukocytes and pathogens in the semen may be a sign of infection and/or localized inflammatory response in the male genital tract and the accessory glands. Common uro-pathogens including Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis, and Escherichia coli can cause epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis, or prostatitis. The relationship between leukocytospermia and infection is unclear. Therefore, we describe the pathogens responsible for male genital tract infections and their association with leukocytospermia. The review also examines the diagnostic tests available to identify seminal leukocytes. The role of leukocytospermia in male infertility and its management is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sajal Gupta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ramadan Saleh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Armand Zini
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rafael F Ambar
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC/Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Haitham Elbardisi
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marlon Martinez
- Section of Urology, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Florence Boitrelle
- Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mara Simopoulou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Maroussi, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Vogiatzi
- Andromed Health & Reproduction, Fertility Diagnostics Laboratory, Maroussi, Greece
| | - Jaime Gosalvez
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Ayad Palani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Iraq
| | - Marcelo Rodriguez Peña
- Departamento Docencia e Investigación, Hospital Militar Campo de Mayo, Universidad Barcelo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo Rajmil
- Clinical and training Centre of the European Academy of Andrology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia Policlinico Riuniti of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Sava Micic
- Department of Andrology, Uromedica Polyclinic, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Anatomy & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucia Rocco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Taymour Mostafa
- Department of Andrology, Sexology & STIs, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Juan G Alvarez
- Centro ANDROGEN, La Coruña, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Hassan N Sallam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Israel Maldonado Rosas
- Centerf Technological Innovation, and Reproductive Medicine (CITMER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sheena E M Lewis
- Examenlab Ltd., Weavers Court Business Park, Linfield Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Sami AlSaid
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mesut Altan
- Department of Urology, Haceppete University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | | | - Sijo Parekattil
- Avant Concierge Urology & University of Central Florida, Winter Garden, FL, USA
| | - Marjan Sabbaghian
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kelton Tremellen
- Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | | | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bukharin OV, Kuzmin MD, Perunova NB, Nikiforov IA, Chainikova IN, Ivanova EV. Diagnostic cytokine marker of male infertility - interleukin 4. Klin Lab Diagn 2022; 67:151-157. [PMID: 35320630 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-3-151-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of the study is to assess the diagnostic significance of cytokines in the sperm plasma of men of reproductive age (20 - 45 years) of two groups: of patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis, not complicated by infertility and with loss of fertility. The study of sperm plasma - the WHO standard. Determination of the level of cytokines in seminal plasma - by enzyme immunoassay («Cytokine», Russia). Two methods of mathematical statistics were used: discriminant analysis and classification trees (decision trees).The similarity of interpretations of discriminant analysis and decision tree was noted, where the main role in both cases belongs to the cytokine IL-4. The level of sperm IL-4 in combination with therapeutic monitoring can be used for the medical management of patients with chronic prostatitis in order to prevent the development of infertility and to develop methods for screening diagnostics of fertility disorders in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Bukharin
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - M D Kuzmin
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - N B Perunova
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - I A Nikiforov
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - I N Chainikova
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E V Ivanova
- Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, separate subdivision OFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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8
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Alves-Silva T, Freitas GA, Húngaro TGR, Arruda AC, Oyama LM, Avellar MCW, Araujo RC. Interleukin-6 deficiency modulates testicular function by increasing the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11456. [PMID: 34075113 PMCID: PMC8169872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90872-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several cytokines have been reported to participate in spermatogenesis, including interleukin-6 (IL6). However, not many studies have been conducted on the loss of Il6 on the male reproductive tract. Nonetheless, there is considerable knowledge regarding the pathological and physiological role of IL6 on spermatogenesis. In this way, this study evaluated the impact of Il6 deficiency on mice testicles in the absence of infection or inflammation. We showed that Il6 deficiency increases daily sperm production, the number of spermatids, and the testicular testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels. Besides that, mice with a deleted Il6 (IL6KO) showed increased testicular SOCS3 levels, with no changes in pJAK/JAK and pSTAT3/STAT3 ratios. It is worth noting that the aforementioned pathway is not the only pathway to up-regulate SOCS3, nor is it the only SOCS3 target, thus proposing that the increase of SOCS3 in the testis occurs independently of the JAK-STAT signaling in IL6KO mice. Therefore, we suggest that the lack of Il6 drives androgenic production by increasing SOCS3 in the testis, thus leading to an increase in spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Alves-Silva
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Molecular Biology Program, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geanne Arantes Freitas
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Pharmacology and Molecular Biology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Guerreiro Rodrigues Húngaro
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Nephrology Program, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cleis Arruda
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Nephrology Program, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Laboratory of Nutrition and Endocrine Physiology, Physiology Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Christina Werneck Avellar
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Pharmacology and Molecular Biology Institute, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Carvalho Araujo
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Laboratory of Genetics and Exercise Metabolism, Biophysics Department, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Molecular Biology Program, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Nephrology Program, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Xiang W, Yu N, Lei A, Li X, Tan S, Huang L, Zhou Z. Insights Into Host Cell Cytokines in Chlamydia Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639834. [PMID: 34093528 PMCID: PMC8176227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydial infection causes a number of clinically relevant diseases and induces significant morbidity in humans. Immune and inflammatory responses contribute to both the clearance of Chlamydia infection and pathology in host tissues. Chlamydia infection stimulates host cells to produce a large number of cytokines that trigger and regulate host immune responses against Chlamydia. However, inappropriate responses can occur with excessive production of cytokines, resulting in overreactive inflammatory responses and alterations in host or Chlamydia metabolism. As a result, Chlamydia persists and causes wound healing delays, leading to more severe tissue damage and triggering long-lasting fibrotic sequelae. Here, we summarize the roles of cytokines in Chlamydia infection and pathogenesis, thus advancing our understanding chlamydial infection biology and the pathogenic mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Nanyan Yu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Aihua Lei
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shui Tan
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Postgraduates, University of South China and Nanyue Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Hengyang, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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10
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Seminal pro-inflammatory cytokines and pH are affected by Chlamydia infection in asymptomatic patients with teratozoospermia. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:76-81. [PMID: 33897287 PMCID: PMC8056351 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.105247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Infection and inflammation of the reproductive tract by Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are recognized as significant risk factors for male infertility. This study aimed to evaluate CT infection and its effects on seminal parameters and cytokines in asymptomatic patients with teratozoospermia. Material and methods Semen samples from one hundred four male patients were collected, and CT detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The quality (volume, sperm concentration, pH, motility, morphology, and leucocytes) of the semen was measured by standard procedures recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interferon γ (IFN-γ)], as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The frequency of CT infection was expressed as a percentage. Descriptive statistics were used for comparison of cytokines from infertile men, and then the Mann-Whitney U test was applied for the contrast of seminal parameters and cytokines from CT-infected versus non-CT infected men. Results A ratio of 33/104 (31.7%) patients were positive for CT infection. The ejaculate of positive CT infection was found to have increased pH (pH = 7.65 in non-CT infected vs. 7.94 CT-infected men; p = 0.026). High levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in the population studied; however, infected males were noted to have high levels of IL-1 β [184.66 (0-3985.33 pg/ml), p = 0.001] and IL-6 [87.8 (0-1042.8 pg/ml), p = 0.001]. Conclusions CT infection increased seminal pH, as well as IL-1 β and IL-6 cytokines, suggesting a potential role of infection and inflammation in asymptomatic patients with teratozoospermia.
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11
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Aitken RJ. The Male Is Significantly Implicated as the Cause of Unexplained Infertility. Semin Reprod Med 2020; 38:3-20. [PMID: 33086406 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is recognized as a relatively common, complex condition, generated by a broad array of environmental and genetic factors. Historical reliance on the conventional semen profile has tended to underestimate the true contribution of "the male factor" to human infertility. This review highlights the importance of genetic and epigenetic factors in the etiology of male infertility, identifying a range of mutations responsible for primary testicular failure and impaired fertilizing potential. More than three quarters of all de novo mutations arise in the male germline via mechanisms that involve the inefficient or defective repair of DNA damage. Understanding the range of factors capable of creating genetic turmoil in the paternal germline is essential, if we are to gain a deep understanding of the causes of male infertility, rather than just the symptoms that characterize its presence. High levels of DNA fragmentation induced by oxidative stress are part of this equation. Oxidative stress is, in turn, driven by biological (age, ejaculation frequency, varicocele, infection), lifestyle (smoking, obesity), and environmental factors (heat, other forms of electromagnetic radiation, and toxins) that can impair the fertilizing potential of the spermatozoa and influence the incidence of spontaneous mutations that may cause infertility in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Prihatno SA, Adi YK, Budipitojo T. Immunolocalization of IL-6 and IL-10 in the testicular tissue of testicular dysfunction rat treated with secretome. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2020; 7:514-520. [PMID: 33005678 PMCID: PMC7521813 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2020.g448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to find out the immunolocalization of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in the testicular tissue of testicular dysfunction rat treated with secretome from human umbilical stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were induced with cisplatin for testicular dysfunction condition. After that, the rats were grouped into two categories and were treated with secretome at 0.2 and 0.5 ml/kg BW once every week for 4 weeks. One week later, after the secretome treatment, the rats were sacrificed for histological evaluation using the immunohistochemical method. The preparation slides were examined using a light microscope and were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. RESULTS There were no IL-6 and IL-10 immunoreactivities seen in the testicular tissue after cisplatin induction. However, the immunoreactivities of IL-6 and IL-10 were detected after secretome treatment, with both dosages of 0.2 and 0.5 ml/kg BW. These immunoreactivities were detected in the spermatogonia, spermatid/luminal tissue of seminiferous tubule, spermatogenic cells, and Leydig cells. In the cell calculation, the numbers of IL-6 immunoreactive cells were higher at the lower secretome dosage. In contrast, the numbers of IL-10 immunoreactive cells were higher at the higher secretome dosage. CONCLUSION IL-6 and IL-10 can be localized in the testicular tissue of testicular dysfunction rat after secretome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Agus Prihatno
- Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yosua Kristian Adi
- Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Budipitojo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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13
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Duan YG, Wehry UP, Buhren BA, Schrumpf H, Oláh P, Bünemann E, Yu CF, Chen SJ, Müller A, Hirchenhain J, Lierop A, Novak N, Cai ZM, Krüssel JS, Schuppe HC, Haidl G, Gerber PA, Allam JP, Homey B. CCL20-CCR6 axis directs sperm-oocyte interaction and its dysregulation correlates/associates with male infertility‡. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:630-642. [PMID: 32412043 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of sperm with the oocyte is pivotal during the process of mammalian fertilization. The limited numbers of sperm that reach the fallopian tube as well as anatomic restrictions indicate that human sperm-oocyte encounter is not a matter of chance but a directed process. Chemotaxis is the proposed mechanism for re-orientating sperm toward the source of a chemoattractant and hence to the oocyte. Chemokines represent a superfamily of small (8-11 kDa), cytokine-like proteins that have been shown to mediate chemotaxis and tissue-specific homing of leukocytes through binding to specific chemokine receptors such as CCRs. Here we show that CCR6 is abundantly expressed on human sperms and in human testes. Furthermore, radioligand-binding experiments showed that CCL20 bound human sperm in a specific manner. Conversely, granulosa cells of the oocyte-surrounding cumulus complex as well as human oocytes represent an abundant source of the CCR6-specific ligand CCL20. In human ovaries, CCL20 shows a cycle-dependent expression pattern with peak expression in the preovulatory phase and CCL20 protein induces chemotactic responses of human sperm. Neutralization of CCL20 in ovarian follicular fluid significantly impairs sperm migratory responses. Conversely, analyses in infertile men with inflammatory conditions of the reproductive organs demonstrate a significant increase of CCL20/CCR6 expression in testis and ejaculate. Taken together, findings of the present study suggest that CCR6-CCL20 interaction may represent an important factor in directing sperm-oocyte interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital
| | - U P Wehry
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B A Buhren
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H Schrumpf
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - P Oláh
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - E Bünemann
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C-F Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S-J Chen
- Depatment of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100006 Beijing, PR China
| | - A Müller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J Hirchenhain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Lierop
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N Novak
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Zhi-Ming Cai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital
| | - J S Krüssel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - H-C Schuppe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - G Haidl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - P A Gerber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J-P Allam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Andrology Unit, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - B Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Agarwal A, Rana M, Qiu E, AlBunni H, Bui AD, Henkel R. Role of oxidative stress, infection and inflammation in male infertility. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13126. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Mohit Rana
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Emily Qiu
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Hashem AlBunni
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Albert D. Bui
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine; Athens Ohio
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Medical Biosciences; University of the Western Cape; Bellville South Africa
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15
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Haidl G, Haidl F, Allam JP, Schuppe HC. Therapeutic options in male genital tract inflammation. Andrologia 2018; 51:e13207. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Haidl
- Andrology Unit, Department of Dermatology and Allergy; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Friederike Haidl
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Allam
- Andrology Unit, Department of Dermatology and Allergy; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Schuppe
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology; Justus Liebig University; Giessen Germany
- Hessian Centre of Reproductive Medicine; Justus Liebig University; Giessen Germany
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16
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Duan YG, Chen S, Haidl G, Allam JP. Detection of invariant natural killer T cells in ejaculates from infertile patients with chronic inflammation of genital tract. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation; Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology; The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital; Shenzhen China
- Department of Dermatology / Andrology Unit; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Shujian Chen
- Department of Dermatology / Andrology Unit; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Gerhard Haidl
- Department of Dermatology / Andrology Unit; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Allam
- Department of Dermatology / Andrology Unit; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
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17
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Ginkgo Biloba Ameliorates Subfertility Induced by Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Adult Wistar Rats: A Possible New Mitochondrial Mechanism. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6959274. [PMID: 28101298 PMCID: PMC5215564 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6959274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Testicular torsion, a surgical emergency, could affect the endocrine and exocrine testicular functions. This study demonstrates histopathological and physiological effects of testicular ischemia/perfusion (I/R) injury and the possible protective effects of Ginkgo biloba treatment. Fifty adult male Wistar rats, 180–200 gm, were randomly divided into sham-operated, Gingko biloba supplemented, ischemia only, I/R, and Gingko biloba treated I/R groups. Overnight fasted rats were anaesthetized by Pentobarbital; I/R was performed by left testis 720° rotation in I/R and treated I/R groups. Orchiectomy was performed for histopathological studies and detection of mitochondrial NAD+. Determination of free testosterone, FSH, TNF-α, and IL1-β in plasma was performed. Plasma-free testosterone was significantly decreased, while plasma FSH, TNF-α, IL-1β, and testicular mitochondrial NAD+ were significantly increased in I/R group compared to control group. These parameters were reversed in Gingko biloba treated I/R group compared to I/R group. I/R caused marked testicular damage and increased APAF-1 in the apoptotic cells which were reversed by Ginkgo biloba treatment. It could be concluded that I/R caused subfertility induced by apoptosis and oxidative stress manifested by the elevated testicular mitochondrial NAD+, which is considered a new possible mechanism. Also, testicular injury could be reduced by Gingko biloba administration alone.
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18
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Barbonetti A, Bisogno T, Battista N, Piscitelli F, Micillo A, Francavilla S, Maccarrone M, Francavilla F. 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels are increased in leukocytospermia and correlate with seminal macrophages. Andrology 2016; 5:87-94. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Barbonetti
- San Raffaele Sulmona Institute; Sulmona Italy
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - T. Bisogno
- Endocannabinoid Research Group; Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry; National Research Council; Pozzuoli Italy
- Department of Medicine; Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - N. Battista
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment; University of Teramo; Teramo Italy
| | - F. Piscitelli
- Endocannabinoid Research Group; Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry; National Research Council; Pozzuoli Italy
| | - A. Micillo
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - S. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
| | - M. Maccarrone
- Department of Medicine; Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - F. Francavilla
- Andrology Unit; Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences; University of L'Aquila; L'Aquila Italy
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19
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Association of semen cytokines with reactive oxygen species and histone transition abnormalities. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 33:1239-46. [PMID: 27364628 PMCID: PMC5010814 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0756-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, histone transition, and seminal cytokine concentrations. Methods Total levels of ROS in semen samples from 6560 men were measured. From this sample, 118 cases with high ROS and 106 controls were recruited. Basic semen parameters and histone-to-protamine ratios were analyzed, 400 semen cytokine and receptor alterations were assayed by protein chip, and finally 18 cytokines were validated in each sample using a Bio-Plex Cytokine assay. Results The results showed that the seminal ROS concentration was associated with abnormalities in the sperm histone transition. Compared with controls, 93 cytokines had significant alterations in the high ROS cases, with 14 of them further verified in individual samples. The concentrations of CXCL5, CXCL16, CXCL8, IL-1b, IL-10, CSF3, CCL3, and TNF-α were significantly correlated with the histone transition ratio. In addition, IL-16 showed significantly different concentrations in controls, normal semen with high ROS levels, and abnormal semen with high ROS levels. Conclusions Semen ROS are associated with abnormalities in sperm histone transition. CXCL5, CXCL8, IL-16, CCL8, CCL22, CCL20, CXCL16, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, CSF3, CCL3, CCL4, and TNF-α all have elevated concentrations in semen with high ROS levels. These data might help to explain the mechanisms behind the increase in the levels of ROS and seminal cytokines and their relationship with defective spermatogenesis.
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20
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Keogan S, Siegert K, Wigdahl B, Krebs FC. Variability in human semen content and its potential effects in the female reproductive tract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.7243/2054-0841-4-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Cytokines in the blood and semen of infertile patients. Cent Eur J Immunol 2015; 40:337-44. [PMID: 26648778 PMCID: PMC4655384 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2015.54596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines have been important mediators of the immunity and can be involved in numerous processes in the male genital tract including acting as immunomodulatory elements within the male gonad. The aims of this study were: 1) to detect pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in the control group and subgroups of infertile men; and 2) to set up the practical recommendations concerning determination of cytokine levels for the male infertility diagnosis. Observations were performed in a group of 82 men: healthy controls (n = 27) and infertile patients (n = 55). The male infertility group was further subdivided into patients with: varicocele (n = 22), idiopathic infertility (n = 13) and partners of couples with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA; n = 20). Semen analysis was determined following WHO criteria. The cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, IL-18; tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interferon g (IFN-g) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) contents in serum and seminal plasma were determined by quantitative ELISA. An interesting marker of male infertility appears to be TGF-β1 (blood) significantly elevated in idiopathically infertile males and in the RSA group. Besides elevated TGF-β1 in a group of idiopathic infertility significantly elevated IL-10, IL-18, IFN-g (blood) and statistically decreased IL-1β while increased IFN-g were revealed in seminal plasma compared to healthy controls. We may postulate novel cytokine micropatterns for patients with different background of infertility. Therefore, circulating cytokines: IL-1β, IL-10, IL-18, TGF-β1, IFN-g and IL-1β, IFN-g and TGF-β1 in seminal plasma should be extended in evaluation of specific types of male infertility.
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Fraczek M, Kurpisz M. Cytokines in the male reproductive tract and their role in infertility disorders. J Reprod Immunol 2015; 108:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Haidl F, Haidl G, Oltermann I, Allam JP. Seminal parameters of chronic male genital inflammation are associated with disturbed sperm DNA integrity. Andrologia 2015; 47:464-9. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Haidl
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - G. Haidl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Andrology Unit; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - I. Oltermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Andrology Unit; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - J. P. Allam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Andrology Unit; University Hospital Bonn; Bonn Germany
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Zhou HY, Yan J, Fang L, Zhang H, Su LG, Zhou GH. Change and significance of IL-8, IL-4, and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of terminal Ileitis in SD rat. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 69:327-31. [PMID: 24307283 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study is to explore change and significance of IL-8, IL-4 and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of terminal Ileitis in SD rat. 60 male SD rats were divided into model group, suture group, and control group equally. The rats subjected to ileum-cecum side-to-side anastomosis in terminal ileum in model group, suture in terminal ileum in suture group, and the control group accepted no special treatment. The terminal ileum tissue which was 1-3 cm from anastomotic stoma was collected at 2 and 8 weeks after surgery in each group. The pathological slice was observed under microscope, and PCR was applied to detect the expression of IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 at different times. Pathological result showed that neutrophils significantly increased in model group and suture group at 2nd week, showing acute inflammatory reaction; model group showed chronic inflammation at 8th week. The change of IL-8, IL-4, and IL-10 expression level at 2 weeks after surgery: The IL-8 expression level of SD rat terminal ileum tissue in model group was significantly higher than in control and suture groups (P < 0.01), and it was higher in suture group compared to control group (P < 0.01); the expression level of IL-4 in control group was higher than model and suture groups (P < 0.05); there was no statistical significance between model group and suture group (P = 0.363); the expression level of IL-10 in control group was higher than in model and suture groups (P < 0.01), and it was higher in suture group compared to model group (P < 0.01). The change of IL-8, IL-4, IL-10 expression level at 8 weeks after surgery: The expression level of IL-8 significantly decreased in model group, and there was no significantly difference between three groups (P > 0.05); the expression level of IL-4 was higher in model group and suture group compared to 2nd week; there was no significance between three groups (P < 0.05); the expression of IL-10 was higher in model group compared to 2nd week (P < 0.01), it was lower than control group and suture group (P < 0.01); there was no significant difference between suture group and control group (P > 0.05). The chronic terminal ileum model could be successfully established by ileum-cecum side-to-side anastomosis in terminal ileum in SD rats; IL-8 can induce the inflammatory reaction in terminal ileitis and chemokines aggregation and mediate inflammatory reaction by mediating other inflammatory factors; as a proinflammatory cytokine, IL-8 can inhibit IL-10; IL-10 and IL-4 can inhibit the inflammatory reaction of terminal ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zhou
- Digestive System Department; the 169th Hospital of PLA, Xiangnan Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, 4210021, China
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Fijak M, Zeller T, Huys T, Klug J, Wahle E, Linder M, Haidl G, Allam JP, Pilatz A, Weidner W, Schuppe HC, Meinhardt A. Autoantibodies against protein disulfide isomerase ER-60 are a diagnostic marker for low-grade testicular inflammation. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:2382-92. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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Resistin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and human semen parameters in the presence of leukocytospermia, smoking habit, and varicocele. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:354-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Vazquez-Levin MH, Marín-Briggiler CI, Veaute C. Antisperm antibodies: invaluable tools toward the identification of sperm proteins involved in fertilization. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 72:206-18. [PMID: 24863647 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of sperm proteins involved in fertilization has been the subject of numerous investigations. Much interest has been dedicated to naturally occurring antisperm antibodies (ASA) and their impact in fertility. Their presence in men and women has been associated with 2-50% of infertility cases. ASA may impair pre- and post-fertilization steps. Experimental models have been developed using sperm proteins as immunogens to evaluate their involvement in sperm function. Our team has pursued investigations to assess ASA presence in biological fluids from patients consulting for infertility and their effect on fertilization. We found ASA in follicular fluids with ability of inducing the acrosome reaction and blocking sperm-zona pellucida interaction and used them to identify sperm entities involved in these events. We generated and utilized antibodies against proacrosin/acrosin to characterize the sperm protease system. We implemented an ELISA to detect proacrosin/acrosin antibodies in human sera and evaluated their impact upon fertility by developing in vitro assays and a gene immunization model. This review presents a summary of ASA history, etiology, current approaches for detection and effects upon fertility. ASA (naturally occurring, generated by animal immunization and/or of commercial origin) are invaluable tools to understand the molecular basis of fertilization, better diagnose/treat immunoinfertility and develop immunocontraceptive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica H Vazquez-Levin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cai T, Verze P, Mazzoli S, Pisano F, Tiscione D, Gontero P, Mirone V, Bartoletti R. Chlamydial infections in urological disease: A challenging management. World J Clin Urol 2014; 3:38-43. [DOI: 10.5410/wjcu.v3.i1.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections are the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide, causing considerable morbidity and socio-economic problems. Moreover, Ct infections are asymptomatic in approximately 50% of infected men and 70% of infected women, with the risk for reproductive tract sequelae both in women and men. Recent studies have improved the comprehension of this infection and its natural history, also highlighting its role in decreasing male fertility. Severe complications can be avoided only by a proper early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We reviewed the literature relating to the new findings in the treatment of Ct infection in sexually active young men. Articles from 1960-2012 were identified through a Medline search using the keywords “Chlamydia trachomatis” combined with “urethritis”, “epididymitis”, “prostatitis”, “treatment” or “management”. Currently, several studies have been published about the role of new antibiotic schedules and new associated compounds in order to improve the efficacy in terms of microbiological results and patient quality of life. In particular, several studies stress the fact that Chlamydia is only metabolically active in the host cell and therefore only targeted intracellularly by antibiotics. Even although the standard therapy includes intracellularly-accumulated antibiotics such as tetracyclines or macrolides, recent evidence highlights the role of quinolones. In particular, recent studies highlight the role of prulifloxacin in the treatment of chronic prostatitis for improving the patient’s quality of life and decreasing the IL-8 level. However, future studies should focus on delineating the natural history of recurrent infections, paying particular attention to treatment failures.
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Duan YG, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Mou L, Li G, Gui Y, Cai Z. Dendritic cells in semen of infertile men: association with sperm quality and inflammatory status of the epididymis. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:70-77.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Alshahrani S, McGill J, Agarwal A. Prostatitis and male infertility. J Reprod Immunol 2013; 100:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Abstract
This article provides an overview of infectious and inflammatory conditions associated with male infertility. These conditions may affect several components of the male reproductive tract and therefore have the ability to potentially alter sperm function. The effect of these conditions on male fertility is poorly understood and often underestimated.
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Carrasquel G, Camejo MI, Michelangeli F, Ruiz MC. Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α on the Intracellular Ca2+Homeostasis in Human Sperm. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 70:153-61. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Carrasquel
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Desarrollo Animal; Departamento de Biología de Organismos; Universidad Simón Bolívar; Caracas; Venezuela
| | - Maria I. Camejo
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Desarrollo Animal; Departamento de Biología de Organismos; Universidad Simón Bolívar; Caracas; Venezuela
| | - Fabian Michelangeli
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Gastrointestinal; Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC); Caracas; Venezuela
| | - Marie C. Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Gastrointestinal; Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC); Caracas; Venezuela
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Aghazarian A, Stancik I, Pflüger H, Lackner J. Influence of pathogens and moderate leukocytes on seminal interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and sperm parameters. Int Urol Nephrol 2013; 45:359-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-013-0400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Strebel RT, Schmidt C, Beatrice J, Sulser T. Chronic scrotal pain syndrome (CSPS): the widespread use of antibiotics is not justified. Andrology 2012; 1:155-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2012.00017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. T. Strebel
- Department of Urology; Kantonsspital Graubünden; Chur; Switzerland
| | - C. Schmidt
- Department of Urology; GZO Wetzikon; Wetzikon; Switzerland
| | - J. Beatrice
- Department of Urology; Spital Uster; Uster; Switzerland
| | - T. Sulser
- Department of Urology; University Hospital Zurich; Zurich; Switzerland
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The hypoxic testicle: physiology and pathophysiology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:929285. [PMID: 23056665 PMCID: PMC3465913 DOI: 10.1155/2012/929285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a complex biological process occurring in the seminiferous tubules in the testis. This process represents a delicate balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In most mammals, the testicles are kept in the scrotum 2 to 7°C below body core temperature, and the spermatogenic process proceeds with a blood and oxygen supply that is fairly independent of changes in other vascular beds in the body. Despite this apparently well-controlled local environment, pathologies such as varicocele or testicular torsion and environmental exposure to low oxygen (hypoxia) can result in changes in blood flow, nutrients, and oxygen supply along with an increased local temperature that may induce adverse effects on Leydig cell function and spermatogenesis. These conditions may lead to male subfertility or infertility. Our literature analyses and our own results suggest that conditions such as germ cell apoptosis and DNA damage are common features in hypoxia and varicocele and testicular torsion. Furthermore, oxidative damage seems to be present in these conditions during the initiation stages of germ cell damage and apoptosis. Other mechanisms like membrane-bound metalloproteinases and phospholipase A2 activation could also be part of the pathophysiological consequences of testicular hypoxia.
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Rodríguez-Martínez H, Kvist U, Ernerudh J, Sanz L, Calvete JJ. Seminal plasma proteins: what role do they play? Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 66 Suppl 1:11-22. [PMID: 21726334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01033.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Semen is a heterogeneous and complex cell suspension in a protein-rich fluid with different functions, some of them well known, others still obscure. METHOD OF STUDY This paper reviews, comparatively, our current knowledge on the growing field of proteomics of the SP and its relevance in relation to the in vivo situation, for the sake of reproductive biology, diagnostics and treatment. RESULTS Ejaculated spermatozoa, primarily bathing in cauda epididymal fluid, are (in vitro) bulky, exposed to most, if not all, secretions from the accessory sexual glands. In vivo, however, not all spermatozoa are necessarily exposed to all secretions from these glands, because sperm cohorts are delivered in differential order and bathe in seminal plasma (SP) with different concentrations of constituents, including peptides and proteins. Proteins are relevant for sperm function and relate to sperm interactions with the various environments along the female genital tract towards the oocyte vestments. Specific peptides and proteins act as signals for the female immune system to modulate sperm rejection or tolerance, perhaps even influencing the relative intrinsic fertility of the male and/or couple by attaining a status of maternal tolerance towards embryo and placental development. CONCLUSIONS Proteins of the seminal plasma have an ample panorama of action, and some appear responsible for establishing fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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Polymyxin B neutralizes bacteria-released endotoxin and improves the quality of boar sperm during liquid storage and cryopreservation. Theriogenology 2010; 74:1691-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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