1
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Butkovich N, Tucker JA, Ramirez A, Li E, Meli VS, Nelson EL, Wang SW. Nanoparticle vaccines can be designed to induce pDC support of mDCs for increased antigen display. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:596-610. [PMID: 36476811 PMCID: PMC10775882 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01132h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccine immunotherapy facilitates the immune system's recognition of tumor-associated antigens, and the biomolecular design of these vaccines using nanoparticles is one important approach towards obtaining strong anti-tumor responses. Following activation of dendritic cells (DCs), a robust CD8+ T cell-mediated adaptive immune response is critical for tumor elimination. While the role of efficient antigen-presenting myeloid DCs (mDCs) is conventionally attributed towards vaccine efficacy, participation by highly cytokine-producing plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) is less understood and is often overlooked. We examined vaccines based on the E2 protein nanoparticle platform that delivered encapsulated TLR9 agonist bacterial-like DNA (CpG1826 or CpG1018) or TLR7 agonist viral ssRNA to determine their efficacy over free agonists in activating both mDCs and pDCs for antigen presentation. Although mDCs were only activated by nanoparticle-encapsulated TLR9 agonists, pDCs were activated by all the individually tested constructs, and CpG1826 was shown to induce pDC cytokine production. Transfer of secreted factors from pDCs that were stimulated with a vaccine formulation comprising peptide antigen and CpG1826 enhanced mDC display of the antigen, particularly when delivered in nanoparticles. Only when treated with nanoparticle-conjugated vaccine could pDCs secrete factors to induce antigen display on naïve mDCs. These results reveal that pDCs can aid mDCs, highlighting the importance of activating both pDCs and mDCs in designing effective cancer vaccines, and demonstrate the advantage of using nanoparticle-based vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Butkovich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Jo Anne Tucker
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Aaron Ramirez
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Enya Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Vijaykumar S Meli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Edward L Nelson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Szu-Wen Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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2
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Ramezani Dana H, Ebrahimi F. Synthesis, properties, and applications of polylactic
acid‐based
polymers. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ramezani Dana
- Mechanics, Surfaces and Materials Processing (MSMP) – EA 7350 Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology Aix‐en‐Provence France
- Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES) Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimi
- PRISM Polymer, Recycling, Industrial, Sustainability and Manufacturing Technological University of the Shannon (TUS) Athlone Ireland
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3
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Immunotherapy: an alternative promising therapeutic approach against cancers. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9903-9913. [PMID: 35759082 PMCID: PMC9244230 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The immune system interacts with cancer cells in multiple intricate ways that can shield the host against hyper-proliferation but can also contribute to malignancy. Understanding the protective roles of the immune system in its interaction with cancer cells can help device new and alternate therapeutic strategies. Many immunotherapeutic methodologies, including adaptive cancer therapy, cancer peptide vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and immune checkpoint treatment, have transformed the traditional cancer treatment landscape. However, many questions remain unaddressed. The development of personalized combination therapy and neoantigen-based cancer vaccines would be the avant-garde approach to cancer treatment. Desirable chemotherapy should be durable, safe, and target-specific. Managing both tumor (intrinsic factors) and its microenvironment (extrinsic factors) are critical for successful immunotherapy. This review describes current approaches and their advancement related to monoclonal antibody-related clinical trials, new cytokine therapy, a checkpoint inhibitor, adoptive T cell therapy, cancer vaccine, and oncolytic virus.
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4
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Ma C, MacDonald JK, Nguyen TM, Vande Casteele N, Linggi B, Lefevre P, Wang Y, Feagan BG, Jairath V. Pharmacological Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1128-1155. [PMID: 33770330 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may develop ICI-associated enterocolitis, for which there is no approved treatment. AIMS We aimed to systematically review the efficacy and safety of medical interventions for the prevention and treatment of ICI-associated enterocolitis. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort and case-control studies, and case series/reports, evaluating interventions (including corticosteroids, biologics, aminosalicylates, immunosuppressants, and fecal transplantation) for ICI-associated enterocolitis. Clinical, endoscopic, and histologic efficacy endpoints were evaluated. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria were used to assess overall quality of evidence. RESULTS A total of 160 studies (n = 1514) were included (one RCT, 3 retrospective cohort studies, 156 case reports/case series). Very low quality evidence from one RCT suggests budesonide is not effective for prevention of ICI-associated enterocolitis in ipilimumab-treated patients (relative risk 0.93 [95% confidence interval 0.56, 1.56]). Very low quality evidence suggests that corticosteroids, infliximab, and vedolizumab may be effective for treatment of ICI-associated enterocolitis by inducing clinical response and remission. No validated indices for measuring disease activity were used. Biologic treatment was used in 42% (641/1528) of patients, as reported in 97 studies. ICIs were discontinued in 65% (457/702) of patients, as reported in 63 studies. CONCLUSIONS Current treatment recommendations for ICI-associated enterocolitis are based on very low quality evidence, primarily from case reports and case series. Large-scale prospective cohort studies and RCTs are needed to develop prophylactic and therapeutic treatments to minimize interruption or discontinuation of oncological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada.
| | - John K MacDonald
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
| | - Tran M Nguyen
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
| | - Niels Vande Casteele
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, 4350 Executive Drive, Suite 210, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bryan Linggi
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
| | - Pavine Lefevre
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brian G Feagan
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Alimentiv Inc (Formerly Robarts Clinical Trials), 100 Dundas St, Suite #200, London, ON, N6A 5B6, Canada
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Biostatistics, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
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5
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Berti C, Boarino A, Graciotti M, Bader LPE, Kandalaft LE, Klok HA. Reduction-Sensitive Protein Nanogels Enhance Uptake of Model and Tumor Lysate Antigens In Vitro by Mouse- and Human-Derived Dendritic Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8291-8300. [PMID: 35005925 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins represent an emerging class of powerful therapeutics. Peptide and protein nanogels are attractive carriers for the transport and delivery of biologically active peptides and proteins because they allow essentially quantitative encapsulation of these biologics. One interesting field of use of peptide and protein nanogels is the transport of antigens and adjuvants in cancer immunotherapy. This study demonstrates the use of reduction-sensitive protein nanogels for the delivery of ovalbumin and oxidized tumor lysate-based antigens to mouse and human-donor-derived dendritic cells. Challenging mouse-derived and human dendritic cells with reduction-sensitive ovalbumin nanogels was found to significantly enhance antigen uptake as compared to the use of the corresponding free protein antigen. The experiments with mouse-derived dendritic cells further showed that the administration of ovalbumin in the form of reduction-sensitive nanogels enhanced dendritic cell maturation as well as the presentation of the SIINFEKL epitope as compared to experiments that use free ovalbumin. In addition to ovalbumin as a model antigen, the feasibility of reduction-sensitive nanogels was also demonstrated for the delivery of oxidized, whole tumor lysate-based cancer antigens. In experiments with dendritic cells harvested from human donors, dendritic cell uptake of the oxidized tumor lysate antigen was significantly enhanced in experiments that used oxidized tumor lysate nanogels as compared to the free antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Berti
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alice Boarino
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Graciotti
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center─Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lisa P E Bader
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center─Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Berti C, Graciotti M, Boarino A, Yakkala C, Kandalaft LE, Klok HA. Polymer Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Oxidized Tumor Lysate-Based Cancer Vaccines. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100356. [PMID: 34822219 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccination is a powerful strategy to combat cancer. A very attractive approach to prime the immune system against cancer cells involves the use of tumor lysate as antigen source. The immunogenicity of tumor lysate can be further enhanced by treatment with hypochlorous acid. This study explores poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles to enhance the delivery of oxidized tumor lysate to dendritic cells. Using human donor-derived dendritic cells, it is found that the use of PLGA nanoparticles enhances antigen uptake and dendritic cell maturation, as compared to the use of the free tumor lysate. The ability of the activated dendritic cells to stimulate autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is assessed in vitro by coculturing PBMCs with A375 melanoma cells. Live cell imaging analysis of this experiment highlights the potential of nanoparticle-mediated dendritic-cell-based vaccination approaches. Finally, the efficacy of the PLGA nanoparticle formulation is evaluated in vivo in a therapeutic vaccination study using B16F10 tumor-bearing C57BL/6J mice. Animals that are challenged with the polymer nanoparticle-based oxidized tumor lysate formulation survive for up to 50 days, in contrast to a maximum of 41 days for the group that receives the corresponding free oxidized tumor lysate-based vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Berti
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Michele Graciotti
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center - Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Alice Boarino
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Chakradhar Yakkala
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center - Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center - Lausanne Branch, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1011, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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7
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Cheng H, Ma R, Wang S, Wang Y, Li Y, Tang Z, Dou S, Wang Y, Zhu H, Ye X, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Li S, Zhao Y, Li Y, Cui H, Chang X. Preliminary Safety and Potential Effect of 6B11-OCIK Adoptive Cell Therapy Against Platinum-Resistant Recurrent or Refractory Ovarian Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:707468. [PMID: 34408750 PMCID: PMC8366315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.707468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies, and novel therapies are urgently needed. Here we report preliminary findings on the potential safety and efficacy of 6B11-OCIK, an adoptive cell therapy of autologous T cells induced by the humanized anti-idiotypic antibody 6B11 minibody plus dendritic cells and cytokines, against platinum-resistant recurrent or refractory ovarian cancer in three patients. We found that 6B11-OCIK treatment was safe and well tolerated after five cycles of intravenous infusion with an initial dose of 1–2×109 cells and a dose-climbing strategy. Hemoglobin, platelets, white cell count, creatinine or liver enzyme values, coagulation function, kidney and heart function were not significantly affected over the duration of therapy. Two of the three enrolled patients showed potentially drug-related grade 1 and 2 weakness, and no other adverse events were observed. Of the three enrolled patients, one had stable disease and two showed disease progression. The patient with favorable clinical efficacy had better immune response as measured by 6B11-OCIK proliferation capacity, activation ability of CD3+CD8+ tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD3+CD56+ cytokine-induced killer cells, and tumor cell killing efficiency. Changes in circulating tumor cells after treatment were consistent with serum level CA125 in the patient with stable disease (both decreased), while differences were observed in the two patients with disease progression (increased CA125 in both and decreased CTC in the patient with better immune response), suggesting that variation of circulating tumor cells was more consistent with immune response and reflected efficacy directly. This preliminary study suggested that autologous 6B11-OCIK treatment was safe and had potential clinical efficacy against ovarian cancer. Patients with better immune response had more favorable efficacy. In addition to imaging, CA125 and immunophenotypes, CTC monitoring may represent a potential indicator of immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqiong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Beijing Weixiao Biotechnology Development Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Yingchun Li
- Beijing Weixiao Biotechnology Development Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijian Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sha Dou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Zhang
- Beijing Weixiao Biotechnology Development Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Shufen Li
- Beijing Weixiao Biotechnology Development Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhao
- Beijing Weixiao Biotechnology Development Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Center of Gynecologic Oncology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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8
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Ebrahimi F, Ramezani Dana H. Poly lactic acid (PLA) polymers: from properties to biomedical applications. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1944140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Ebrahimi
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Hossein Ramezani Dana
- Laboratoire de Mécanique, Surface, Matériaux Procédés (MSMP) – EA 7350, Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology, HESAM Université, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station (TEES), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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9
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Chin AL, Wang X, Tong R. Aliphatic Polyester-Based Materials for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100087. [PMID: 33909344 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and its copolymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), based aliphatic polyesters have been extensively used for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery system and tissue engineering, thanks to their biodegradability, benign toxicity, renewability, and adjustable mechanical properties. A rapidly growing field of cancer research, the development of therapeutic cancer vaccines or treatment modalities is aimed to deliver immunomodulatory signals that control the quality of immune responses against tumors. Herein, the progress and applications of PLA and PLGA are reviewed in delivering immunotherapeutics to treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Lin Chin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Rong Tong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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10
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Duwa R, Jeong JH, Yook S. Immunotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of ovarian cancer: current status and future direction. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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He Q, Chen J, Yan J, Cai S, Xiong H, Liu Y, Peng D, Mo M, Liu Z. Tumor microenvironment responsive drug delivery systems. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:416-448. [PMID: 32952667 PMCID: PMC7486519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional tumor-targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) face challenges, such as unsatisfied systemic circulation, low targeting efficiency, poor tumoral penetration, and uncontrolled drug release. Recently, tumor cellular molecules-triggered DDSs have aroused great interests in addressing such dilemmas. With the introduction of several additional functionalities, the properties of these smart DDSs including size, surface charge and ligand exposure can response to different tumor microenvironments for a more efficient tumor targeting, and eventually achieve desired drug release for an optimized therapeutic efficiency. This review highlights the recent research progresses on smart tumor environment responsive drug delivery systems for targeted drug delivery. Dynamic targeting strategies and functional moieties sensitive to a variety of tumor cellular stimuli, including pH, glutathione, adenosine-triphosphate, reactive oxygen species, enzyme and inflammatory factors are summarized. Special emphasis of this review is placed on their responsive mechanisms, drug loading models, drawbacks and merits. Several typical multi-stimuli responsive DDSs are listed. And the main challenges and potential future development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunye He
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shundong Cai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hongjie Xiong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Dongming Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Miao Mo
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhenbao Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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12
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Zhou J, Kroll AV, Holay M, Fang RH, Zhang L. Biomimetic Nanotechnology toward Personalized Vaccines. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1901255. [PMID: 31206841 PMCID: PMC6918015 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
While traditional approaches for disease management in the era of modern medicine have saved countless lives and enhanced patient well-being, it is clear that there is significant room to improve upon the current status quo. For infectious diseases, the steady rise of antibiotic resistance has resulted in super pathogens that do not respond to most approved drugs. In the field of cancer treatment, the idea of a cure-all silver bullet has long been abandoned. As a result of the challenges facing current treatment and prevention paradigms in the clinic, there is an increasing push for personalized therapeutics, where plans for medical care are established on a patient-by-patient basis. Along these lines, vaccines, both against bacteria and tumors, are a clinical modality that could benefit significantly from personalization. Effective vaccination strategies could help to address many challenging disease conditions, but current vaccines are limited by factors such as a lack of potency and antigenic breadth. Recently, researchers have turned toward the use of biomimetic nanotechnology as a means of addressing these hurdles. Recent progress in the development of biomimetic nanovaccines for antibacterial and anticancer applications is discussed, with an emphasis on their potential for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ashley V Kroll
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Maya Holay
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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13
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Corradetti B, Pisano S, Conlan RS, Ferrari M. Nanotechnology and Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: Tracing New Landscapes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:636-646. [PMID: 30737357 PMCID: PMC6806629 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.254979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most common cancer in women worldwide. Standard therapeutic treatments involve debulking surgery combined with platinum-based chemotherapies. Of the patients with advanced-stage cancer who initially respond to current treatments, 50%-75% relapse. Immunotherapy-based approaches aimed at boosting antitumor immunity have recently emerged as promising tools to challenge tumor progression. Treatments with inhibitors of immune checkpoint molecules have shown impressive results in other types of tumors. However, only 15% of checkpoint inhibitors evaluated have proven successful in OC due to the immunosuppressive environment of the tumor and the transport barriers. This limits the efficacy of the existing immunotherapies. Nanotechnology-based delivery systems hold the potential to overcome such limitations. Various nanoformulations including polymeric, liposomes, and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles have already been proposed to improve the biodistribution and targeting capabilities of drugs against tumor-associated immune cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages. In this review, we examine the impact of immunotherapeutic approaches that are currently under consideration for the treatment of OC. In this review, we also provide a comprehensive analysis of the existing nanoparticle-based synthetic strategies and their limitations and advantages over standard treatments. Furthermore, we discuss how the strength of the combination of nanotechnology with immunotherapy may help to overcome the current therapeutic limitations associated with their individual application and unravel a new paradigm in the treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corradetti
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Simone Pisano
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Robert Steven Conlan
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (B.C., S.P., R.S.C., M.F.); Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom (B.C., S.P., R.S.C.); and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (M.F.)
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14
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Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy: Turning up the Heat. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122927. [PMID: 31208030 PMCID: PMC6628106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. Despite surgery and chemotherapy, 5-years survival rates have improved only modestly over the past few decades remaining at 45% for advanced stages. Therefore, novel therapies are urgently needed. The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in OC tumor microenvironment (TME) has already proved to be correlated with overall survival (OS), while immune evasion mechanisms are associated with poor prognosis. Although these data indicate that immunotherapy has a strong rationale in OC, single agent immune-checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) have shown only modest results in this malignancy. In this review, we will discuss immune-targeting combination therapies and adoptive cell therapy (ACT), highlighting the challenges represented by these strategies, which aim at disrupting the stroma-tumor barrier to boost immune system against ovarian cancer.
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15
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Kohnepoushi C, Nejati V, Delirezh N, Biparva P. Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid Nanoparticles Containing Human Gastric Tumor Lysates as Antigen Delivery Vehicles for Dendritic Cell-Based Antitumor Immunotherapy. Immunol Invest 2019; 48:794-808. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1610889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia Kohnepoushi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Vahid Nejati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nowruz Delirezh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Pouria Biparva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
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16
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Koerner J, Horvath D, Groettrup M. Harnessing Dendritic Cells for Poly (D,L-lactide- co-glycolide) Microspheres (PLGA MS)-Mediated Anti-tumor Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:707. [PMID: 31024545 PMCID: PMC6460768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With emerging success in fighting off cancer, chronic infections, and autoimmune diseases, immunotherapy has become a promising therapeutic approach compared to conventional therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunosuppressive medication. Despite the advancement of monoclonal antibody therapy against immune checkpoints, the development of safe and efficient cancer vaccine formulations still remains a pressing medical need. Anti-tumor immunotherapy requires the induction of antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses which recognize and specifically destroy tumor cells. Due to the crucial role of dendritic cells (DCs) in initiating anti-tumor immunity, targeting tumor antigens to DCs has become auspicious in modern vaccine research. Over the last two decades, micron- or nanometer-sized particulate delivery systems encapsulating tumor antigens and immunostimulatory molecules into biodegradable polymers have shown great promise for the induction of potent, specific and long-lasting anti-tumor responses in vivo. Enhanced vaccine efficiency of the polymeric micro/nanoparticles has been attributed to controlled and continuous release of encapsulated antigens, efficient targeting of antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as DCs and subsequent induction of CTL immunity. Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), as one of these polymers, has been extensively studied for the design and development of particulate antigen delivery systems in cancer therapy. This review provides an overview of the current state of research on the application of PLGA microspheres (PLGA MS) as anti-tumor cancer vaccines in activating and potentiating immune responses attempting to highlight their potential in the development of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Koerner
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dennis Horvath
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marcus Groettrup
- Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
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17
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Jahan ST, Sadat SMA, Yarahmadi M, Haddadi A. Potentiating Antigen Specific Immune Response by Targeted Delivery of the PLGA-Based Model Cancer Vaccine. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:498-509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Tasnim Jahan
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Sams M. A. Sadat
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mehran Yarahmadi
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Azita Haddadi
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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18
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The Tumor Microenvironment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Its Influence on Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 30042343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080242] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a treatment for cancer is a growing field of endeavor but reports of success have been limited for epithelial ovarian cancer. Overcoming the challenges to developing more effective therapeutic approaches lies in a better understanding of the factors in cancer cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment that limit response to immunotherapies. This article provides an overview of some ovarian cancer cell features such as tumor-associated antigens, ovarian cancer-derived exosomes, tumor mutational burden and overexpression of immunoinhibitory molecules. Moreover, we describe relevant cell types found in epithelial ovarian tumors including immune cells (T and B lymphocytes, Tregs, NK cells, TAMs, MDSCs) and other components found in the tumor microenvironment including fibroblasts and the adipocytes in the omentum. We focus on how those components may influence responses to standard treatments or immunotherapies.
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19
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The Tumor Microenvironment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Its Influence on Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 30042343 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080242]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a treatment for cancer is a growing field of endeavor but reports of success have been limited for epithelial ovarian cancer. Overcoming the challenges to developing more effective therapeutic approaches lies in a better understanding of the factors in cancer cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment that limit response to immunotherapies. This article provides an overview of some ovarian cancer cell features such as tumor-associated antigens, ovarian cancer-derived exosomes, tumor mutational burden and overexpression of immunoinhibitory molecules. Moreover, we describe relevant cell types found in epithelial ovarian tumors including immune cells (T and B lymphocytes, Tregs, NK cells, TAMs, MDSCs) and other components found in the tumor microenvironment including fibroblasts and the adipocytes in the omentum. We focus on how those components may influence responses to standard treatments or immunotherapies.
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20
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Rodriguez GM, Galpin KJC, McCloskey CW, Vanderhyden BC. The Tumor Microenvironment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and Its Influence on Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E242. [PMID: 30042343 PMCID: PMC6116043 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a treatment for cancer is a growing field of endeavor but reports of success have been limited for epithelial ovarian cancer. Overcoming the challenges to developing more effective therapeutic approaches lies in a better understanding of the factors in cancer cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment that limit response to immunotherapies. This article provides an overview of some ovarian cancer cell features such as tumor-associated antigens, ovarian cancer-derived exosomes, tumor mutational burden and overexpression of immunoinhibitory molecules. Moreover, we describe relevant cell types found in epithelial ovarian tumors including immune cells (T and B lymphocytes, Tregs, NK cells, TAMs, MDSCs) and other components found in the tumor microenvironment including fibroblasts and the adipocytes in the omentum. We focus on how those components may influence responses to standard treatments or immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galaxia M Rodriguez
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Kristianne J C Galpin
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Curtis W McCloskey
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Barbara C Vanderhyden
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
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21
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Zhang H, Chen J. Current status and future directions of cancer immunotherapy. J Cancer 2018; 9:1773-1781. [PMID: 29805703 PMCID: PMC5968765 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, our knowledge about the relationship between cancer and the immune system has increased considerably. Recent years' success of cancer immunotherapy including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), cancer vaccines, adoptive cancer therapy and the immune checkpoint therapy has revolutionized traditional cancer treatment. However, challenges still exist in this field. Personalized combination therapies via new techniques will be the next promising strategies for the future cancer treatment direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, the Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jibei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, the Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Chesson CB, Zloza A. Nanoparticles: augmenting tumor antigen presentation for vaccine and immunotherapy treatments of cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:2693-2706. [PMID: 29098928 PMCID: PMC5704090 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The major goal of immunity is maintaining host survival. Toward this, immune cells recognize and eliminate targets that pose a danger. Primarily, these are external invaders (pathogens) and internal invaders (cancers). Their recognition relies on distinguishing foreign components (antigens) from self-antigens. Since cancer cells are the host's own cells that are harmfully altered, they are difficult to distinguish from normal self. Furthermore, the antigens least resembling the host are often sequestered in parts of the tumor least accessible to immune responses. Therefore, to sufficiently boost immunity, these tumor antigens must be exposed to the immune system. Toward this, nanoparticles provide an innovating means of tumor antigen presentation and are destined to become an integral part of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B Chesson
- Section of Surgical Oncology Research, Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Andrew Zloza
- Section of Surgical Oncology Research, Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.,Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
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23
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Dhakal S, Hiremath J, Bondra K, Lakshmanappa YS, Shyu DL, Ouyang K, Kang KI, Binjawadagi B, Goodman J, Tabynov K, Krakowka S, Narasimhan B, Lee CW, Renukaradhya GJ. Biodegradable nanoparticle delivery of inactivated swine influenza virus vaccine provides heterologous cell-mediated immune response in pigs. J Control Release 2017; 247:194-205. [PMID: 28057521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Swine influenza virus (SwIV) is one of the important zoonotic pathogens. Current flu vaccines have failed to provide cross-protection against evolving viruses in the field. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable FDA approved polymer and widely used in drug and vaccine delivery. In this study, inactivated SwIV H1N2 antigens (KAg) encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA-KAg) were prepared, which were spherical in shape with 200 to 300nm diameter, and induced maturation of antigen presenting cells in vitro. Pigs vaccinated twice with PLGA-KAg via intranasal route showed increased antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation and enhanced the frequency of T-helper/memory and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In PLGA-KAg vaccinated and heterologous SwIV H1N1 challenged pigs, clinical flu symptoms were absent, while the control pigs had fever for four days. Grossly and microscopically, reduced lung pathology and viral antigenic mass in the lung sections with clearance of infectious challenge virus in most of the PLGA-KAg vaccinated pig lung airways were observed. Immunologically, PLGA-KAg vaccine irrespective of not significantly boosting the mucosal antibody response, it augmented the frequency of IFN-γ secreting total T cells, T-helper and CTLs against both H1N2 and H1N1 SwIV. In summary, inactivated influenza virus delivered through PLGA-NPs reduced the clinical disease and induced cross-protective cell-mediated immune response in a pig model. Our data confirmed the utility of a pig model for intranasal particulate flu vaccine delivery platform to control flu in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jagadish Hiremath
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kathryn Bondra
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yashavanth S Lakshmanappa
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Duan-Liang Shyu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kang Ouyang
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kyung-Il Kang
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Basavaraj Binjawadagi
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan Goodman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Kairat Tabynov
- The Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems (RIBSP), Zhambylskaya Oblast, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Chang Won Lee
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, USA; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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24
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Fontana F, Liu D, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. Delivery of therapeutics with nanoparticles: what's new in cancer immunotherapy? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 9. [PMID: 27470448 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology to the treatment of cancer or other diseases has been boosted during the last decades due to the possibility to precise deliver drugs where needed, enabling a decrease in the drug's side effects. Nanocarriers are particularly valuable for potentiating the simultaneous co-delivery of multiple drugs in the same particle for the treatment of heavily burdening diseases like cancer. Immunotherapy represents a new concept in the treatment of cancer and has shown outstanding results in patients treated with check-point inhibitors. Thereby, researchers are applying nanotechnology to cancer immunotherapy toward the development of nanocarriers for delivery of cancer vaccines and chemo-immunotherapies. Cancer nanovaccines can be envisioned as nanocarriers co-delivering antigens and adjuvants, molecules often presenting different physicochemical properties, in cancer therapy. A wide range of nanocarriers (e.g., polymeric, lipid-based and inorganic) allow the co-formulation of these molecules, or the delivery of chemo- and immune-therapeutics in the same system. Finally, there is a trend toward the use of biologically inspired and derived nanocarriers. In this review, we present the recent developments in the field of immunotherapy, describing the different systems proposed by categories: polymeric nanoparticles, lipid-based nanosystems, metallic and inorganic nanosystems and, finally, biologically inspired and derived nanovaccines. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1421. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1421 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fontana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dongfei Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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25
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Nayama M, Collinet P, Salzet M, Vinatier D. [Immunological aspects of ovarian cancer: Therapeutic perspectives]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 45:1020-1036. [PMID: 27320132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is recognized by the immunological system of its host. Initially, it is effective to destroy and eliminate the cancer. But gradually, resistant tumor cells more aggressive and those able to protect themselves by inducing immune tolerance will be selected. Immunotherapy to be effective should consider both components of immune response with an action on cytotoxic immune effectors and action on tolerance mechanisms. The manipulations of the immune system should be cautious, because the immune effects are not isolated. A theoretically efficient handling may simultaneously cause an adverse effect which was not envisaged and could neutralize the benefits of treatment. Knowledge of tolerance mechanisms set up by the tumor is for the clinician a prerequisite before they prescribe these treatments. For each cancer, the knowledge of its immunological status is a prerequisite to propose adapted immunological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nayama
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, maternité Issaka-Gazoby, BP 10975, Niamey, Niger
| | - P Collinet
- CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Département universitaire de gynécologie obstétrique, université Nord-de-France, 59045 Lille cedex, France
| | - M Salzet
- EA 4550, IFR 147, laboratoire PRISM : protéomique, réponse inflammatoire, spectrométrie de Masse, université Lille 1, bâtiment SN3, 1(er) étage, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France
| | - D Vinatier
- CHU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France; EA 4550, IFR 147, laboratoire PRISM : protéomique, réponse inflammatoire, spectrométrie de Masse, université Lille 1, bâtiment SN3, 1(er) étage, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France; Département universitaire de gynécologie obstétrique, université Nord-de-France, 59045 Lille cedex, France.
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26
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Torres Andón F, Alonso MJ. Nanomedicine and cancer immunotherapy – targeting immunosuppressive cells. J Drug Target 2015; 23:656-71. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1073295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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27
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Ophir E, Bobisse S, Coukos G, Harari A, Kandalaft LE. Personalized approaches to active immunotherapy in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1865:72-82. [PMID: 26241169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is emerging as a promising anti-cancer curative modality. However, in contrast to recent advances obtained employing checkpoint blockade agents and T cell therapies, clinical efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines is still limited. Most vaccination attempts in the clinic represent "off-the shelf" approaches since they target common "self" tumor antigens, shared among different patients. In contrast, personalized approaches of vaccination are tailor-made for each patient and in spite being laborious, hold great potential. Recent technical advancement enabled the first steps in the clinic of personalized vaccines that target patient-specific mutated neo-antigens. Such vaccines could induce enhanced tumor-specific immune response since neo-antigens are mutation-derived antigens that can be recognized by high affinity T cells, not limited by central tolerance. Alternatively, the use of personalized vaccines based on whole autologous tumor cells, overcome the need for the identification of specific tumor antigens. Whole autologous tumor cells could be administered alone, pulsed on dendritic cells as lysate, DNA, RNA or delivered to dendritic cells in-vivo through encapsulation in nanoparticle vehicles. Such vaccines may provide a source for the full repertoire of the patient-specific tumor antigens, including its private neo-antigens. Furthermore, combining next-generation personalized vaccination with other immunotherapy modalities might be the key for achieving significant therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eran Ophir
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bobisse
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexandre Harari
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Irvine DJ, Hanson MC, Rakhra K, Tokatlian T. Synthetic Nanoparticles for Vaccines and Immunotherapy. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11109-46. [PMID: 26154342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darrell J Irvine
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University , 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, United States
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Gnainsky Y, Granot I, Aldo P, Barash A, Or Y, Mor G, Dekel N. Biopsy-induced inflammatory conditions improve endometrial receptivity: the mechanism of action. Reproduction 2014; 149:75-85. [PMID: 25349438 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A decade ago, we first reported that endometrial biopsy significantly improves the success of pregnancy in IVF patients with recurrent implantation failure, an observation that was later confirmed by others. Recently, we have demonstrated that this treatment elevated the levels of endometrial pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the abundance of macrophages (Mac) and dendritic cells (DCs). We therefore hypothesised that the biopsy-related successful pregnancy is secondary to an inflammatory response, and aimed at deciphering its mechanism of action. Supporting our hypothesis, we found that the pro-inflammatory TNFα stimulated primary endometrial stromal cells to express cytokines that attracted monocytes and induced their differentiation into DCs. These monocyte-derived DCs stimulated endometrial epithelial cells to express the adhesive molecule SPP1 (osteopontin (OPN)) and its receptors ITGB3 and CD44, whereas MUC16, which interferes with adhesion, was downregulated. Other implantation-associated genes, such as CHST2, CCL4 (MIP1B) and GROA, were upregulated by monocyte-derived Mac. These findings suggest that uterine receptivity is mediated by the expression of molecules associated with inflammation. Such an inflammatory milieu is not generated in some IVF patients with recurrent implantation failure in the absence of local injury provoked by the biopsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gnainsky
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - I Granot
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - P Aldo
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - A Barash
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Y Or
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - G Mor
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - N Dekel
- Department of Biological RegulationThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelIVF UnitDepartment of Obstetric, and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, IsraelDepartment of ObstetricGynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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30
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Gross BP, Wongrakpanich A, Francis MB, Salem AK, Norian LA. A therapeutic microparticle-based tumor lysate vaccine reduces spontaneous metastases in murine breast cancer. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:1194-203. [PMID: 25224145 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9662-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is currently incurable, and available therapies are associated with severe toxicities. Induction of protective anti-tumor immunity is a promising therapeutic approach for disseminated breast cancer, as immune responses are (i) systemic; (ii) antigen-specific; and (iii) capable of generating long-lived "memory" populations that protect against future tumor recurrences. Pursuant with this approach, we have developed a novel heterologous prime/boost vaccination regimen that reduces spontaneous lung metastases in mice with established murine 4T1 adenocarcinoma breast tumors. In our studies, mice were orthotopically challenged with luciferase-expressing 4T1 tumor cells; luciferase expression was retained in vivo, enabling us to quantitatively track metastatic tumor growth via bioluminescent imaging. On day 6 post-challenge, mice received a therapeutic "prime" consisting of bulk tumor lysates encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles (MPs). On day 11, mice received a "boost" composed of free tumor lysates plus a cocktail of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulating adjuvants. Tumor progression was monitored in vaccinated and untreated mice for 25 days, a time at which 100% of untreated mice had detectable lung tumors. PLGA MPs injected subcutaneously trafficked to draining lymph nodes and were efficiently phagocytosed by dendritic cells (DCs) within 48 h. Our combination therapy reduced metastatic lung tumor burdens by 42% and did not induce autoimmunity. These findings illustrate that vaccines based upon MP delivery of tumor lysates can form the basis of an effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer and suggest that similar approaches may be both efficacious and well-tolerated in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett P Gross
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
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31
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Joshi VB, Geary SM, Gross BP, Wongrakpanich A, Norian LA, Salem AK. Tumor lysate-loaded biodegradable microparticles as cancer vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:9-15. [PMID: 24219096 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.851606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines that use tumor lysate (TL) as a source of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) have significant potential for generating therapeutic anti-tumor immune responses. Vaccines encompassing TL bypass the limitations of single antigen vaccines by simultaneously stimulating immunity against multiple TAAs, thereby broadening the repertoire of TAA-specific T-cell clones available for activation. Administration of TL in particulate form, such as when encapsulated in biodegradable microparticles, increases its immunostimulatory capacity and produces more robust immune responses than when TL is given in soluble form. These effects can be further enhanced by co-administering TL with adjuvants. A number of recent studies using polymeric microparticle delivery of TL, with or without adjuvants, have produced promising results in preclinical studies. In this review, we will discuss current experimental approaches involving TL being pursued in the oncoimmunology field, and comment on strategies such as combining specific chemotherapeutic agents with TL microparticle delivery that may eventually lead to improved survival outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya B Joshi
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Translational Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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32
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Zhang L, Zhao S, Duan J, Hu Y, Gu N, Xu H, Yang XD. Enhancement of DC-mediated anti-leukemic immunity in vitro by WT1 antigen and CpG co-encapsulated in PLGA microparticles. Protein Cell 2013; 4:887-9. [PMID: 24258060 PMCID: PMC4875406 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-013-3916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Sun Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology PUMC Hospital, Beijing, 100032 China
| | - Jinhong Duan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China
| | - Yan Hu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China
| | - Xian-Da Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China
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Abstract
Immunotherapy, in recent times, has found its application in a variety of immunologically mediated diseases. Oral immunotherapy may not only increase patient compliance but may, in particular, also induce both systemic as well as mucosal immune responses, due to mucosal application of active agents. To improve the bioavailability and to trigger strong immunological responses, recent research projects focused on the encapsulation of drugs and antigens into polymer particles. These particles protect the loaded antigen from the harsh conditions in the GI tract. Furthermore, modification of the surface of particles by the use of lectins, such as Aleuria aurantia lectin, wheatgerm agglutinin or Ulex europaeus-I, enhances the binding to epithelial cells, in particular to membranous cells, of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Membranous cell-specific targeting leads to an improved transepithelial transport of the particle carriers. Thus, enhanced uptake and presentation of the encapsulated antigen by antigen-presenting cells favor strong systemic, but also local, mucosal immune responses.
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34
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Joshi MD, Unger WJ, Storm G, van Kooyk Y, Mastrobattista E. Targeting tumor antigens to dendritic cells using particulate carriers. J Control Release 2012; 161:25-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alvero AB, Montagna MK, Craveiro V, Liu L, Mor G. Distinct subpopulations of epithelial ovarian cancer cells can differentially induce macrophages and T regulatory cells toward a pro-tumor phenotype. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012; 67:256-65. [PMID: 21917055 PMCID: PMC3707144 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Presence of immune infiltrates in the tumor does not always correlate with an anti-tumoral immune response. We previously identified two subpopulations of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells with differential cytokine profile. We hypothesize that these two subpopulations of EOC cells may differentially regulate the immune phenotype in the tumor microenvironment and therefore affect the immune response. METHOD OF STUDY Macrophages derived from CD14+ monocytes and naive CD4+T cells were treated with conditioned media from two subpopulations of EOC cells. Differentiation markers and phagocytic activity were measured by western blot analysis and flow cytometry. Cytokine levels were quantified using xMAP technology. RESULTS Type I EOC cells are able to enhance macrophages' capacity for tumor repair and renewal by enhancing expression of scavenger receptors and by promoting the secretion of cytokines associated with tissue repair. On the other hand, type II EOC cells are able to create a tolerant microenvironment and prevent an immune response by inducing macrophages' to secrete IL-10 and by promoting the generation of T regs. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that each ovarian cancer cell subpopulation can induce a unique phenotype of macrophages and T cells, both associated with tumor-supportive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha B Alvero
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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PLGA-based nanoparticles: an overview of biomedical applications. J Control Release 2012; 161:505-22. [PMID: 22353619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2197] [Impact Index Per Article: 183.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most successfully developed biodegradable polymers. Among the different polymers developed to formulate polymeric nanoparticles, PLGA has attracted considerable attention due to its attractive properties: (i) biodegradability and biocompatibility, (ii) FDA and European Medicine Agency approval in drug delivery systems for parenteral administration, (iii) well described formulations and methods of production adapted to various types of drugs e.g. hydrophilic or hydrophobic small molecules or macromolecules, (iv) protection of drug from degradation, (v) possibility of sustained release, (vi) possibility to modify surface properties to provide stealthness and/or better interaction with biological materials and (vii) possibility to target nanoparticles to specific organs or cells. This review presents why PLGA has been chosen to design nanoparticles as drug delivery systems in various biomedical applications such as vaccination, cancer, inflammation and other diseases. This review focuses on the understanding of specific characteristics exploited by PLGA-based nanoparticles to target a specific organ or tissue or specific cells.
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