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Wei B, Zhang X, Qian J, Tang Z, Zhang B. Nrf2: Therapeutic target of islet function protection in diabetes and islet transplantation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115463. [PMID: 37703659 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been reported as a major intracellular regulator of antioxidant stress, notably in islet β cells with low antioxidant enzyme content. Nrf2 is capable of regulating antioxidant function, while it can also regulate insulin secretion, proliferation, and differentiation of β cells, ER stress, as well as mitochondrial function. Thus, Nrf2 pharmacological activators have been employed in the laboratory for the treatment of diabetic mice. Islet cells are exposed to oxidative environment when islet is being transplanted. Accordingly, less than 50% of islet cells are well transplanted, and their normal function is maintained. The pharmacological activation of Nrf2 has been confirmed to protect islet cells at different stages of transplantation stages during experiments for islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Butian Wei
- Department of general Surgery, The Fourth affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang university School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of general Surgery, The Fourth affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang university School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Jiwei Qian
- Department of general Surgery, The Fourth affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang university School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Department of general Surgery, The Fourth affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang university School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of general Surgery, The Second affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang university School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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Peng J, Tang W, Rawson J, Miao L, Gonzalez N, Yin R, Chen J, Ji M, Li Z, Gao A, Wu AZ, Shively JE, Kandeel F, Li J. One-Step Automatic Radiosynthesis and Evaluation of [ 18F]TM-30089 as GPR44 Radiotracer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1480. [PMID: 37895951 PMCID: PMC10610095 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, a G-protein coupled receptor 44 (GPR44) was discovered to play a significant role in the process of inflammation-related diseases, including cancer and diabetes. However, the precise role of GPR44 has yet to be fully elucidated. Currently, there is a strong and urgent need for the development of GPR44 radiotracers as a non-invasive methodology to explore the exact mechanism of GPR44 on inflammation-related diseases and monitor the progress of therapy. TM-30089 is a potent GPR44 antagonist that exhibits a high specificity and selectivity for GPR44. Its structure contains a fluorine nuclide, which could potentially be replaced with 18F. In the present study, we successfully took a highly effective synthesis strategy that pretreated the unprotected carboxylic acid group of the precursor and developed a feasible one-step automatic radiosynthesis strategy for [18F]TM-30089 with a high radiochemical purity and a good radiochemical yield. We further evaluated this radiotracer using mice models implanted with 1.1 B4 cell lines (GPR44-enriched cell lines) and human islets (high GPR44 expression), respectively. The results revealed the persistent and specific uptake of [18F]TM-30089 in GPR44 region, indicating that [18F]TM-30089 is a promising candidate for targeting GPR44. Further evaluation is ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Peng
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lynn Miao
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Nelson Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Runkai Yin
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Melinda Ji
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zhixuan Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Anna Gao
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Andy Z. Wu
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John E. Shively
- Department of Immunology & Theranostics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Translational Research & Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Teratani T, Kasahara N, Fujimoto Y, Sakuma Y, Miki A, Goto M, Sata N, Kitayama J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretions Enhanced ATP Generation on Isolated Islets during Transplantation. Islets 2022; 14:69-81. [PMID: 35034568 PMCID: PMC8765074 DOI: 10.1080/19382014.2021.2022423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of islet transplantation in both basic research and clinical settings has proven that cell therapy has the potential to cure diabetes. Islets intended for transplantation are inevitably subjected to damage from a number of sources, including ischemic injury during removal and delivery of the donor pancreas, enzymatic digestion during islet isolation, and reperfusion injury after transplantation in the recipient. Here, we found that protein factors secreted by porcine adipose-tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) were capable of activating preserved porcine islets. A conditioned medium was prepared from the supernatant obtained by culturing porcine AT-MSCs for 2 days in serum-free medium. Islets were preserved at 4°C in University of Wisconsin solution during transportation and then incubated at 37°C in RPMI-1620 medium with fractions of various molecular weights prepared from the conditioned medium. After treatment with certain fractions of the AT-MSC secretions, the intracellular ATP levels of the activated islets had increased to over 160% of their initial values after 4 days of incubation. Our novel system may be able to restore the condition of isolated islets after transportation or preservation and may help to improve the long-term outcome of islet transplantation.Abbreviations: AT-MSC, adipose-tissue mesenchymal stem cell; Cas-3, caspase-3; DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DTZ, dithizone; ES cell, embryonic stem cell; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; IEQ, islet equivalent; INS, insulin; iPS cell, induced pluripotent stem cell; Luc-Tg rat, luciferase-transgenic rat; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PDX1, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein-1; UW, University of Wisconsin; ZO1, zona occludens 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Teratani
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- CONTACT Takumi Teratani Division of Clinical Investigation, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsukeshi, Tochigi329-0498, Japan
| | - Naoya Kasahara
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miki
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Division of Translational Research, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Submilligram Level of Beetle Antifreeze Proteins Minimize Cold-Induced Cell Swelling and Promote Cell Survival. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111584. [PMID: 36358934 PMCID: PMC9687565 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothermic (cold) preservation is a limiting factor for successful cell and tissue transplantation where cell swelling (edema) usually develops, impairing cell function. University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, a standard cold preservation solution, contains effective components to suppress hypothermia-induced cell swelling. Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) found in many cold-adapted organisms can prevent cold injury of the organisms. Here, the effects of a beetle AFP from Dendroides canadensis (DAFP-1) on pancreatic β-cells preservation were first investigated. As low as 500 µg/mL, DAFP-1 significantly minimized INS-1 cell swelling and subsequent cell death during 4 °C preservation in UW solution for up to three days. However, such significant cytoprotection was not observed by an AFP from Tenebrio molitor (TmAFP), a structural homologue to DAFP-1 but lacking arginine, at the same levels. The cytoprotective effect of DAFP-1 was further validated with the primary β-cells in the isolated rat pancreatic islets in UW solution. The submilligram level supplement of DAFP-1 to UW solution significantly increased the islet mass recovery after three days of cold preservation followed by rewarming. The protective effects of DAFP-1 in UW solution were discussed at a molecular level. The results indicate the potential of DAFP-1 to enhance cell survival during extended cold preservation.
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Nagaya M, Hasegawa K, Uchikura A, Nakano K, Watanabe M, Umeyama K, Matsunari H, Osafune K, Kobayashi E, Nakauchi H, Nagashima H. Feasibility of large experimental animal models in testing novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:306-330. [PMID: 33889282 PMCID: PMC8040081 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i4.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is among the top 10 causes of death in adults and caused approximately four million deaths worldwide in 2017. The incidence and prevalence of diabetes is predicted to increase. To alleviate this potentially severe situation, safer and more effective therapeutics are urgently required. Mice have long been the mainstay as preclinical models for basic research on diabetes, although they are not ideally suited for translating basic knowledge into clinical applications. To validate and optimize novel therapeutics for safe application in humans, an appropriate large animal model is needed. Large animals, especially pigs, are well suited for biomedical research and share many similarities with humans, including body size, anatomical features, physiology, and pathophysiology. Moreover, pigs already play an important role in translational studies, including clinical trials for xenotransplantation. Progress in genetic engineering over the past few decades has facilitated the development of transgenic animals, including porcine models of diabetes. This article discusses features that attest to the attractiveness of genetically modified porcine models of diabetes for testing novel treatment strategies using recent technical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nagaya
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Immunology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki 261-8511, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koki Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayuko Uchikura
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nakano
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Research and Development, PorMedTec Co. Ltd, Kawasaki 214-0034, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahito Watanabe
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Research and Development, PorMedTec Co. Ltd, Kawasaki 214-0034, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Umeyama
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Research and Development, PorMedTec Co. Ltd, Kawasaki 214-0034, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hitomi Matsunari
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Osafune
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato 108-8639, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagashima
- Meiji University International Institute for Bio-Resource Research, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Bioengineering, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
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Yonaha T, Miyagi-Shiohira C, Kuwae K, Tamaki Y, Nishime K, Sakai-Yonaha M, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. Pancreas preservation in extracellular-type p38 inhibitor-containing solution improves islet yield for porcine islet isolation. Xenotransplantation 2020; 28:e12661. [PMID: 33231337 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For islet transplantation, pancreas preservation and islet isolation activate p38, which is a member of the stress-activated group of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In this study, we evaluated an extracellular-type p38 inhibitor-containing (EP) solution with University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, the gold standard for organ preservation. The EP solution has high sodium-low potassium composition with low viscosity compared to UW solution. Moreover, EP solution contains a recently developed p38 inhibitor (11R-p38I110 ) from our laboratory. METHODS Porcine pancreata were preserved in UW, EP, or EP-P solution (EP solution without 11R-p38I110 ), and then islet isolation was performed. An optimized number (1500 IE) of isolated islets from each group were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. RESULTS The islet yield before and after purification was significantly higher in the EP group than in the UW group. The islet yield before and after purification was not significantly different between the EP and EP-P groups; however, the EP solution prevented a reduction in the number of islets during culture. Western blot analysis showed that p38 activation was attenuated by EP solution. For islet transplantation into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, pancreas preservation in EP solution improved the outcome of islet transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Pancreas preservation with EP solution preserved islet function better than with UW solution. The advantages of EP solution over UW solution may include the inhibition of p38 activity as well as the composition of the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Yonaha
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Chika Miyagi-Shiohira
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuho Kuwae
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Tamaki
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kai Nishime
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mayuko Sakai-Yonaha
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Optimizing Temperature and Oxygen Supports Long-term Culture of Human Islets. Transplantation 2019; 103:299-306. [PMID: 29781952 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type-1 diabetes; however, donor shortage is a concern. Even when a pancreas is available, low islet yield limits the success of transplantation. Islet culture enables pooling of multiple low-yield isolations into an effective islet mass, but isolated islets rapidly deteriorate under conventional culture conditions. Oxygen (O2) depletion in the islet core, which leads to central necrosis and volume loss, is one of the major reasons for this deterioration. METHODS To promote long-term culture of human islets in PIM-R medium (used for islet research), we adjusted temperature (12°C, 22°C, and 37°C) and O2 concentration (21% and 50%). We simulated the O2 distribution in islets based on islet O2 consumption rate and dissolved O2 in the medium. We determined the optimal conditions for O2 distribution and volume maintenance in a 2-week culture and assessed viability and insulin secretion compared to noncultured islets. In vivo islet engraftment was assessed by transplantation into diabetic nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency mouse kidneys. We validated our results using CMRL 1066 medium (used for clinical islet transplantation). RESULTS Simulation revealed that 12°C of 50% O2 PIM-R culture supplied O2 effectively into the islet core. This condition maintained islet volume at greater than 90% for 2 weeks. There were no significant differences in viability and function in vitro or diabetic reversal rate in vivo between 2-week cultured and noncultured islets. Similar results were obtained using CMRL 1066. CONCLUSIONS By optimizing temperature and O2 concentration, we cultured human islets for 2 weeks with minimal loss of volume and function.
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Early TLR4 Blockade Attenuates Sterile Inflammation-mediated Stress in Islets During Isolation and Promotes Successful Transplant Outcomes. Transplantation 2018; 102:1505-1513. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Rawal S, Harrington S, Williams SJ, Ramachandran K, Stehno-Bittel L. Long-term cryopreservation of reaggregated pancreatic islets resulting in successful transplantation in rats. Cryobiology 2017; 76:41-50. [PMID: 28483491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Preservation of pancreatic islets for long-term storage of islets used for transplantation or research has long been a goal. Unfortunately, few studies on long-term islet cryopreservation (1 month and longer) have reported positive outcomes in terms of islet yield, survival and function. In general, single cells have been shown to tolerate the cryopreservation procedure better than tissues/multicellular structures like islets. Thus, we optimized a method to cryopreserve single islet cells and, after thawing, reaggregated them into islet spheroids. Cryopreserved (CP) single human islet cells formed spheroids efficiently within 3-5 days after thawing. Approximately 79% of islet cells were recovered following the single-cell cryopreservation protocol. Viability after long-term cryopreservation (4 weeks or more) was significantly higher in the CP islet cell spheroids (97.4 ± 0.4%) compared to CP native islets (14.6 ± 0.4%). Moreover, CP islet cell spheroids had excellent viability even after weeks in culture (88.5 ± 1.6%). Metabolic activity was 4-5 times higher in CP islet cell spheroids than CP native islets at 24 and 48 h after thawing. Diabetic rats transplanted with CP islet cell spheroids were normoglycemic for 10 months, identical to diabetic rats transplanted with fresh islets. However, the animals receiving fresh islets required a higher volume of transplanted tissue to achieve normoglycemia compared to those transplanted with CP islet cell spheroids. By cryopreserving single cells instead of intact islets, we achieved highly viable and functional islets after thawing that required lower tissue volumes to reverse diabetes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Rawal
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Stephen Harrington
- Likarda, LLC, 2002 W 39th Avenue, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA; University of Kansas, 1450 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - S Janette Williams
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Likarda, LLC, 2002 W 39th Avenue, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA
| | | | - Lisa Stehno-Bittel
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Likarda, LLC, 2002 W 39th Avenue, Kansas City, KS 66103, USA.
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Komatsu H, Barriga A, Medrano L, Omori K, Kandeel F, Mullen Y. Oxygenated thawing and rewarming alleviate rewarming injury of cryopreserved pancreatic islets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:817-823. [PMID: 28351620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Pancreatic islet transplantation is an effective treatment for Type 1 diabetic patients to eliminate insulin injections; however, a shortage of donor organs hinders the widespread use. Although long-term islet storage, such as cryopreservation, is considered one of the key solutions, transplantation of cryopreserved islets is still not practical due to the extensive loss during the cryopreservation-rewarming process. We have previously reported that culturing islets in a hyperoxic environment is an effective treatment to prevent islet death from the hypoxic injury during culture. In this study, we explored the effectiveness of thawing and rewarming cryopreserved islets in a hyperoxic environment. METHODS Following cryopreservation of isolated human islets, the thawing solution and culture media were prepared with or without pre-equilibration to 50% oxygen. Thawing/rewarming and the pursuant two-day culture were performed with or without oxygenation. Short-term recovery rate, defined as the volume change during cryopreservation and thawing/rewarming, was assessed. Ischemia-associated and inflammation-associated gene expressions were examined using qPCR after the initial rewarming period. Long-term recovery rate, defined as the volume change during the two-day culture after the thawing/rewarming, was also examined. Islet metabolism and function were assessed by basal oxygen consumption rate and glucose stimulated insulin secretion after long-term recovery. RESULTS Oxygenated thawing/rewarming did not alter the short-term recovery rate. Inflammation-associated gene expressions were elevated by the conventional thawing/rewarming method and suppressed by the oxygenated thawing/rewarming, whereas ischemia-associated gene expressions did not change between the thawing/rewarming methods. Long-term recovery rate experiments revealed that only the combination therapy of oxygenated thawing/rewarming and oxygenated culture alleviated islet volume loss. These islets showed higher metabolism and better function among the conditions examined. CONCLUSION Oxygenated thawing/rewarming alleviated islet volume loss, with the help of oxygenated culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Komatsu
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - Alyssa Barriga
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Leonard Medrano
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Keiko Omori
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Division of Developmental and Translational Diabetes and Endocrinology Research, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Researches, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Liu S, Zhang L, Cheng J, Lu Y, Liu J. Sustained release of hepatocyte growth factor by cationic self-assembling peptide/heparin hybrid hydrogel improves β-cell survival and function through modulating inflammatory response. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4875-4890. [PMID: 27729786 PMCID: PMC5042198 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response is a major cause of grafts dysfunction in islet transplantation. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) had shown anti-inflammatory activity in multiple diseases. In this study, we aim to deliver HGF by self-assembling peptide/heparin (SAP/Hep) hybrid gel to protect β-cell from inflammatory injury. The morphological and slow release properties of SAPs were analyzed. Rat INS-1 β-cell line was treated with tumor necrosis factor α in vitro and transplanted into rat kidney capsule in vivo, and the viability, apoptosis, function, and inflammation of β-cells were evaluated. Cationic KLD1R and KLD2R self-assembled to nanofiber hydrogel, which showed higher binding affinity for Hep and HGF because of electrostatic interaction. Slow release of HGF from cationic SAP/Hep gel is a two-step mechanism involving binding affinity with Hep and molecular diffusion. In vitro and in vivo results showed that HGF-loaded KLD2R/Hep gel promoted β-cell survival and insulin secretion, and inhibited cell apoptosis, cytokine release, T-cell infiltration, and activation of NFκB/p38 MAPK pathways in β-cells. This study suggested that SAP/Hep gel is a promising carrier for local delivery of bioactive proteins in islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital
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12
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Omori K, Kobayashi E, Komatsu H, Rawson J, Agrawal G, Parimi M, Oancea AR, Valiente L, Ferreri K, Al-Abdullah IH, Kandeel F, Takahashi M, Mullen Y. Involvement of a proapoptotic gene (BBC3) in islet injury mediated by cold preservation and rewarming. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E1016-26. [PMID: 27117005 PMCID: PMC4935146 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00441.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Long-term pancreatic cold ischemia contributes to decreased islet number and viability after isolation and culture, leading to poor islet transplantation outcome in patients with type 1 diabetes. In this study, we examined mechanisms of pancreatic cold preservation and rewarming-induced injury by interrogating the proapoptotic gene BBC3/Bbc3, also known as Puma (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis), using three experimental models: 1) bioluminescence imaging of isolated luciferase-transgenic ("Firefly") Lewis rat islets, 2) cold preservation of en bloc-harvested pancreata from Bbc3-knockout (KO) mice, and 3) cold preservation and rewarming of human pancreata and isolated islets. Cold preservation-mediated islet injury occurred during rewarming in "Firefly" islets. Silencing Bbc3 by transfecting Bbc3 siRNA into islets in vitro prior to cold preservation improved postpreservation mitochondrial viability. Cold preservation resulted in decreased postisolation islet yield in both wild-type and Bbc3 KO pancreata. However, after culture, the islet viability was significantly higher in Bbc3-KO islets, suggesting that different mechanisms are involved in islet damage/loss during isolation and culture. Furthermore, Bbc3-KO islets from cold-preserved pancreata showed reduced HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1 protein) expression and decreased levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts, which was indicative of reduced oxidative stress. During human islet isolation, BBC3 protein was upregulated in digested tissue from cold-preserved pancreata. Hypoxia in cold preservation increased BBC3 mRNA and protein in isolated human islets after rewarming in culture and reduced islet viability. These results demonstrated the involvement of BBC3/Bbc3 in cold preservation/rewarming-mediated islet injury, possibly through modulating HMGB1- and oxidative stress-mediated injury to islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Omori
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California;
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology and Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotake Komatsu
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Garima Agrawal
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mounika Parimi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Alina R Oancea
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Luis Valiente
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Kevin Ferreri
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Ismail H Al-Abdullah
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; and
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California
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13
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Chen W, Shu Z, Gao D, Shen AQ. Sensing and Sensibility: Single-Islet-based Quality Control Assay of Cryopreserved Pancreatic Islets with Functionalized Hydrogel Microcapsules. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:223-31. [PMID: 26606153 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research and clinical studies of islet transplantations, finding simple yet reliable islet quality assays that correlate accurately with in vivo potency is still a major challenge, especially for real-time and single-islet-based quality assessment. Herein, proof-of-concept studies of a cryopreserved microcapsule-based quality control assays are presented for single islets. Individual rat pancreatic islets and fluorescent oxygen-sensitive dye (FOSD) are encapsulated in alginate hydrogel microcapsules via a microfluidic device. To test the susceptibility of the microcapsules and the FOSD to cryopreservation, the islet microcapsules containing FOSD are cryopreserved and the islet functionalities (adenosine triphosphate, static insulin release measurement, and oxygen consumption rate) are assessed after freezing and thawing steps. The cryopreserved islet capsules with FOSD remain functional after encapsulation and freezing/thawing procedures, validating a simple yet reliable individual-islet-based quality control method for the entire islet processing procedure prior to transplantation. This work also demonstrates that the functionality of cryopreserved islets can be improved by introducing trehalose into the routinely used cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide. The functionalized alginate hydrogel microcapsules with embedded FOSD and optimized cryopreservation protocol presented in this work serve as a versatile islet quality assay and offer tremendous promise for tackling existing challenges in islet transplantation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430070 China
| | - Zhiquan Shu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering; Washington State University; Everett 98201 WA USA
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
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14
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Manning Fox JE, Lyon J, Dai XQ, Wright RC, Hayward J, van de Bunt M, Kin T, Shapiro AMJ, McCarthy MI, Gloyn AL, Ungrin MD, Lakey JR, Kneteman NM, Warnock GL, Korbutt GS, Rajotte RV, MacDonald PE. Human islet function following 20 years of cryogenic biobanking. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1503-12. [PMID: 25930156 PMCID: PMC4472956 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There are potential advantages to the low-temperature (-196 °C) banking of isolated islets, including the maintenance of viable islets for future research. We therefore assessed the in vitro and in vivo function of islets cryopreserved for nearly 20 years. METHODS Human islets were cryopreserved from 1991 to 2001 and thawed between 2012 and 2014. These were characterised by immunostaining, patch-clamp electrophysiology, insulin secretion, transcriptome analysis and transplantation into a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model of diabetes. RESULTS The cryopreservation time was 17.6 ± 0.4 years (n = 43). The thawed islets stained positive with dithizone, contained insulin-positive and glucagon-positive cells, and displayed levels of apoptosis and transcriptome profiles similar to those of freshly isolated islets, although their insulin content was lower. The cryopreserved beta cells possessed ion channels and exocytotic responses identical to those of freshly isolated beta cells. Cells from a subset of five donors demonstrated similar perifusion insulin secretion profiles pre- and post-cryopreservation. The transplantation of cryopreserved islets into the diabetic mice improved their glucose tolerance but did not completely normalise their blood glucose levels. Circulating human insulin and insulin-positive grafts were detectable at 10 weeks post-transplantation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We have demonstrated the potential for long-term banking of human islets for research, which could enable the use of tissue from a large number of donors with future technologies to gain new insight into diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn E. Manning Fox
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - James Lyon
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Xiao Qing Dai
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Robert C. Wright
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Julie Hayward
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Martijn van de Bunt
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - A. M. James Shapiro
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna L. Gloyn
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark D. Ungrin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jonathan R. Lakey
- Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | | | - Garth L. Warnock
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gregory S. Korbutt
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Raymond V. Rajotte
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Medical Research Institute, HMRC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2S2
| | - Patrick E. MacDonald
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, LKS Centre, Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2R3
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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15
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Bissoyi A, Nayak B, Pramanik K, Sarangi SK. Targeting cryopreservation-induced cell death: a review. Biopreserv Biobank 2014; 12:23-34. [PMID: 24620767 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2013.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite marked developments in the field of cryopreservation of cells and tissues for research and therapeutic applications, post-thaw cell death remains a significant drawback faced by cryobiologists. Post cryopreservation apoptosis and necrosis are normally observed within 6 to 24 h after post-thaw culture. As a result, massive loss of cell viability and cellular function occur due to cryopreservation. However, in this new generation of cryopreservation science, scientists in this field are focusing on incorporation of apoptosis and necrosis inhibitors (zVAD-fmk, p38 MAPK inhibitor, ROCK inhibitor, etc.) to cryopreservation and post-thaw culture media. These inhibitors target and inhibit various proteins such as caspases, proteases, and kinases, involved in the cell death cascade, resulting in reduced intensity of apoptosis and necrosis in the cryopreserved cells and tissues, increased cell viability, and maintenance of cellular function; thus improved overall cryopreservation efficiency is achieved. The present article provides an overview of various cell death pathways, molecules mediating cryopreservation-induced apoptosis and the potential of certain molecules in targeting cryopreservation-induced delayed-onset cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bissoyi
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology , Rourkela, India
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16
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Wu Z, Liu S, Nair I, Omori K, Scott S, Todorov I, Shively JE, Conti PS, Li Z, Kandeel F. (64)Cu labeled sarcophagine exendin-4 for microPET imaging of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor expression. Am J Cancer Res 2014; 4:770-7. [PMID: 24955138 PMCID: PMC4063975 DOI: 10.7150/thno.7759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) has become an important target for imaging due to its elevated expression profile in pancreatic islets, insulinoma, and the cardiovascular system. Because native GLP-1 is degraded rapidly by dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), several studies have conjugated different chelators to a more stable analog of GLP-1 (such as exendin-4) as PET or SPECT imaging agents with various advantages and disadvantages. Based on the recently developed Sarcophagin chelator, here, we describe the construction of GLP-1R targeted PET probes containing monomeric and dimeric exendin-4 subunit. The in vitro binding affinity of BarMalSar-exendin-4 and Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2 was evaluated in INS-1 cells, which over-express GLP-1R. Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2 demonstrated around 3 times higher binding affinity compared with BaMalSar-exendin-4. After (64)Cu labeling, microPET imaging of (64)Cu-BaMalSar-exendin-4 and (64)Cu-Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2 were performed on subcutaneous INS-1 tumors, which were clearly visualized with both probes. The tumor uptake of (64)Cu-Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2 was significantly higher than that of (64)Cu-BaMaSarl-exendin-4, which could be caused by polyvalency effect. The receptor specificity of these probes was confirmed by effective blocking of the uptake in both tumor and normal positive organs with 20-fold excess of unlabeled exendin-4. In conclusion, sarcophagine cage conjugated exendin-4 demonstrated persistent and specific uptake in INS-1 insulinoma model. Dimerization of exendin-4 could successfully lead to increased tumor uptake in vivo. Both (64)Cu-BaMalSar-exendin-4 and (64)Cu-Mal2Sar-(exendin-4)2 hold a great potential for GLP-1R targeted imaging.
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17
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Kanak MA, Takita M, Kunnathodi F, Lawrence MC, Levy MF, Naziruddin B. Inflammatory response in islet transplantation. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:451035. [PMID: 24883060 PMCID: PMC4021753 DOI: 10.1155/2014/451035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet cell transplantation is a promising beta cell replacement therapy for patients with brittle type 1 diabetes as well as refractory chronic pancreatitis. Despite the vast advancements made in this field, challenges still remain in achieving high frequency and long-term successful transplant outcomes. Here we review recent advances in understanding the role of inflammation in islet transplantation and development of strategies to prevent damage to islets from inflammation. The inflammatory response associated with islets has been recognized as the primary cause of early damage to islets and graft loss after transplantation. Details on cell signaling pathways in islets triggered by cytokines and harmful inflammatory events during pancreas procurement, pancreas preservation, islet isolation, and islet infusion are presented. Robust control of pre- and peritransplant islet inflammation could improve posttransplant islet survival and in turn enhance the benefits of islet cell transplantation for patients who are insulin dependent. We discuss several potent anti-inflammatory strategies that show promise for improving islet engraftment. Further understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the inflammatory response will provide the basis for developing potent therapeutic strategies for enhancing the quality and success of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar A. Kanak
- Institute for Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76712, USA
| | - Morihito Takita
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Faisal Kunnathodi
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | | | - Marlon F. Levy
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, 3410 Worth Street, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Bashoo Naziruddin
- Baylor Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, 3410 Worth Street, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
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18
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Cryopreservation of insulin-secreting INS832/13 cells using a wheat protein formulation. Cryobiology 2013; 66:136-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Gupta S, Li S, Abedin MJ, Noppakun K, Wang L, Kaur T, Najafian B, Rodrigues CMP, Steer CJ. Prevention of acute kidney injury by tauroursodeoxycholic acid in rat and cell culture models. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48950. [PMID: 23152827 PMCID: PMC3494686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) has grave short- and long-term consequences. Often the onset of AKI is predictable, such as following surgery that compromises blood flow to the kidney. Even in such situations, present therapies cannot prevent AKI. As apoptosis is a major form of cell death following AKI, we determined the efficacy and mechanisms of action of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a molecule with potent anti-apoptotic and pro-survival properties, in prevention of AKI in rat and cell culture models. TUDCA is particularly attractive from a translational standpoint, as it has a proven safety record in animals and humans. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We chose an ischemia-reperfusion model in rats to simulate AKI in native kidneys, and a human kidney cell culture model to simulate AKI associated with cryopreservation in transplanted kidneys. TUDCA significantly ameliorated AKI in the test models due to inhibition of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and upregulation of survival pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study sets the stage for testing TUDCA in future clinical trials for prevention of AKI, an area that needs urgent attention due to lack of effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Shunan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Md. Joynal Abedin
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kajohnsak Noppakun
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tarundeep Kaur
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Behzad Najafian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.UL), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Clifford J. Steer
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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20
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Omori K, Mitsuhashi M, Ishiyama K, Nair I, Rawson J, Todorov I, Kandeel F, Mullen Y. mRNA of the pro-apoptotic gene BBC3 serves as a molecular marker for TNF-α-induced islet damage in humans. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2056-66. [PMID: 21567299 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS TNF-α plays important roles in the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In light of this, we examined the involvement of a pro-apoptotic gene, BBC3 (also known as PUMA), in TNF-α-mediated beta cell dysfunction and destruction in human islets. METHODS Human islets were exposed in vitro to TNF-α alone or in combination with IFN-γ. Gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR using a set of single islets. Protein abundance and cellular localisation of BBC3 were assessed by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. A marginal number of islets were transplanted into diabetic NODscid mice to correlate in vivo islet function with BBC3 expression. RESULTS BBC3 and IL8 mRNA were upregulated in TNF-α-stimulated islets in a dose-dependent manner and enhanced through addition of IFN-γ, but not upregulated by IFN-γ alone. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TNF-α in combination with IFN-γ upregulated basal BBC3 abundance in the cytoplasm of beta cells along with the perinuclear clustering of mitochondria partially co-localised with BBC3. TNF-α alone did not induce beta cell death, but did abrogate preproinsulin precursor mRNA synthesis in response to high glucose stimulation, which was inversely associated with upregulation of BBC3 mRNA expression by TNF-α. Higher BBC3 mRNA expression in islets correlated with decreased graft function in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that BBC3 mRNA can serve as a molecular marker to detect early TNF-α-induced beta cell stress and may help identify islet-protective compounds for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Omori
- Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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21
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Laser Scanning Cytometry and Its Applications: A Pioneering Technology in the Field of Quantitative Imaging Cytometry. Methods Cell Biol 2011; 102:161-205. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374912-3.00007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Omori K, Todorov I, Shintaku J, Rawson J, Al-Abdullah IH, Higgins LS, Medicherla S, Kandeel F, Mullen Y. P38alpha-selective mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor for improvement of cultured human islet recovery. Pancreas 2010; 39:436-43. [PMID: 20084046 PMCID: PMC2860020 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e3181c0dd8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the recovery of cultured human islets is improved through the addition of a p38alpha-selective mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, SD-282, to clinically used serum-free culture medium. METHODS Immediately after isolation, islets were cultured for 24 hours in medium alone (control) or medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.1 microM SD-282, or 0.3 microM SD-282. Cytokine expression, apoptotic beta-cell percentage, and islet function were assessed postculture. RESULTS Expression of p38 and phosphorylated p38 in islets increased during culture. Interleukin 6 mRNA expression in cultured islets, as well as IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor released into the medium, was significantly reduced by adding SD-282. The apoptotic beta-cell percentage was significantly lower in islets cultured with 0.1 microM SD-282, but not 0.3 microM, as compared with the control. Stimulation indices measured in vitro were higher but without significance (P = 0.06); the function of transplanted islets in diabetic NOD-scid mice was also better in 0.1-microM SD-282 group as compared with control. CONCLUSIONS Better islet function was obtained by adding 0.1 microM SD-282 to the serum-free culture medium. This improvement was associated with suppression of cytokine production and prevention of beta-cell apoptosis. However, this beneficial effect was diminished at a higher concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Omori
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Ivan Todorov
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Jonathan Shintaku
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Ismail H. Al-Abdullah
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | | | | | - Fouad Kandeel
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA
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Dai T, Patel-Chamberlin M, Natarajan R, Todorov I, Ma J, LaPage J, Phillips L, Nast CC, Becerra D, Chuang P, Tong L, de Belleroche J, Wells DJ, Wang Y, Adler SG. Heat shock protein 27 overexpression mitigates cytokine-induced islet apoptosis and streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Endocrinology 2009; 150:3031-9. [PMID: 19325007 PMCID: PMC2703555 DOI: 10.1210/en.2008-0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Beta-cell apoptosis occurs in diabetes mellitus (DM). Heat shock protein (HSP) 27 (human homolog of rodent HSP25) mitigates stress-induced apoptosis but has not been studied in beta-cells. We tested whether HSP27 overexpression attenuates streptozotocin (SZ)-induced DM in vivo and cytokine-induced islet apoptosis in vitro. DM was ascertained by ip glucose tolerance testing, and fasting serum insulin/glucose was measured. Pancreas was stained for insulin, HSP27, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling, and insulin content was measured. HSP25/27 was measured by immunoblotting, isoelectric focusing, and RT-PCR. Islet HSP25/27 oligomerization and inhibitory kappaB protein kinase gamma (nuclear factor kappaB essential modulator) binding were assessed by coimmunoprecipitation. HSP27 transgene (TG) in pancreas localized predominantly in beta-cells. Baseline pancreatic insulin levels in wild-type (WT) and HSP27TG mice were similar, but lower in WT than HSP27TG after SZ (P < 0.01). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing confirmed protection from SZ-DM in HSP27TG. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling and inducible nitric oxide synthase staining were increased in WT vs. HSP27TG islets (P < 0.05) after SZ. Caspase-3 activity was lower in islets from HSP27TG vs. WT mice after cytokine stress in vitro (P < 0.05). There was more HSP25 plus 27 protein from HSP27TG islets than HSP25 from WT (P < 0.01). HSP25 protein but not mRNA was increased in HSP27TG mice. Isoelectric focusing showed similar relative HSP phosphorylation in HSP27TG and WT (P > 0.05). HSP27 bound native HSP25 in TG islets; both bound to inhibitory kappaB protein kinase gamma (nuclear factor kappaB essential modulator). These data show islet protection by HSP27 by mitigation of apoptosis, possibly through nuclear factor kappaB regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiane Dai
- Harbor-UCLA Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, California 90502, USA
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TGF-beta activates Akt kinase through a microRNA-dependent amplifying circuit targeting PTEN. Nat Cell Biol 2009; 11:881-9. [PMID: 19543271 PMCID: PMC2744130 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Akt kinase is activated by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β) in diabetic kidneys and plays important roles in fibrosis, hypertrophy and cell survival in glomerular mesangial cells (MC)1–11. However, the mechanisms of Akt activation by TGF-β are not fully understood. Here we show that TGF-β activates Akt in MC by inducing microRNA-216a (miR-216a) and miR-217, both of which target phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN). Both these miRs are located within the second intron of a non-coding RNA (RP23-298H6.1-001). The RP23 promoter was activated by TGF-β and also by miR-192 via E-box-regulated mechanisms as shown previously3. Akt activation by these miRs also led to MC survival and hypertrophy similar to TGF-β. These studies reveal a mechanism of Akt activation via PTEN downregulation by two miRs regulated by upstream miR-192 and TGF-β. Due to the diversity of PTEN function12, 13, this miR amplifying circuit may play key roles not only in kidney disorders, but also other diseases.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) is implicated in cold ischemia-reperfusion injury of donor organs. The islet isolation process, from pancreas procurement through islet collection, may activate p38MAPK leading to cytokine release and islet damage. This damage may be prevented by treating pancreata with a p38MAPK inhibitor (p38IH) before cold preservation. METHODS Pancreata removed from Beagle dogs were infused with University of Wisconsin solution containing the p38IH, SB203580, and Pefabloc (n=6) or vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide and Pefabloc) alone (n=7), through the pancreatic duct and preserved using the two-layer method. After 20 to 22 hr, islets were isolated and 3000 IEQ/kg were autotransplanted into the corresponding dog to monitor glucose metabolism. RESULTS p38IH-treated pancreata yielded significantly more islets than control pancreata (IEQ/g: 2134+/-297 vs. 1477+/-145 IEQ/g or 65,012+/-9385 vs. 45,700+/-5103 IEQ/pancreas; P<0.05). Apoptotic beta-cell percentages assessed by laser scanning cytometry were lower in p38IH-treated than the controls (44%+/-9.4% vs. 61.6%+/-4.8%, P<0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression assessed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was significantly lower in the p38IH-treated group than controls. All dogs (3000 IEQ/kg) transplanted with p38IH-treated islets (n=5) became euglycemic versus four of five dogs that received untreated islets. Plasma C-peptide levels after glucagon challenge were higher in animals receiving p38IH-treated islets (n=5) versus untreated islets (n=4) (0.40+/-0.78 vs. 0.21+/-0.05 ng/mL, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Infusion of pancreata with University of Wisconsin solution containing p38IH through the duct before preservation suppresses cytokine release, prevents beta-cell apoptosis, and improves islet yield significantly with no adverse effect on islet function after transplantation. p38IH treatment of human pancreata may improve islet yield for use in clinical transplantation.
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Makeeva N, Roomans GM, Myers JW, Welsh N. Transforming growth factor-beta-activated protein kinase 1-binding protein (TAB)-1alpha, but not TAB1beta, mediates cytokine-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and cell death in insulin-producing cells. Endocrinology 2008; 149:302-9. [PMID: 17932218 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that the p38 MAPK participates in signaling events that lead to the death of the insulin-producing beta-cell. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of the TGF-beta-activated protein kinase 1-binding protein 1 (TAB1) in the cytokine-induced activation of p38. Levels of TAB1 mRNA and protein were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunoblotting, and TAB1 expression in mouse and human islet cells was down-regulated using lipofection of diced-small interfering RNA. TAB1 overexpression in beta-TC6 cells was achieved by transient transfections followed by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and ERK was assessed by immunoblotting, and viability was determined using vital staining with bisbenzimide and propidium iodide. We observed that TAB1 is expressed in insulin-producing cells. Cytokine (IL-1beta + interferon-gamma)-stimulated p38 phosphorylation was significantly increased by TAB1alpha overexpression, but not TAB1beta overexpression, in beta-TC6 cells. The TAB1alpha-augmented p38 phosphorylation was paralleled by an increased cell death rate. Treatment of islet cells with diced-small interfering RNA specific for TAB1, but not for TGF-beta-activated kinase 1, resulted in lowered cytokine-induced p38 phosphorylation and protection against cell death. The cytokine-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and ERK was not affected by changes in TAB1 levels. Finally, TAB1 phosphorylation was decreased by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. We conclude that TAB1alpha, but not TAB1beta, plays an important role in the activation of p38 in insulin-producing cells and therefore also in cytokine-induced beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Makeeva
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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