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Xu X, Wang Z, Lv L, Liu C, Wang L, Sun YN, Zhao Z, Shi B, Li Q, Hao GM. Molecular regulation of DNA damage and repair in female infertility: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:103. [PMID: 39143547 PMCID: PMC11323701 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA damage is a key factor affecting gametogenesis and embryo development. The integrity and stability of DNA are fundamental to a woman's successful conception, embryonic development, pregnancy and the production of healthy offspring. Aging, reactive oxygen species, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy often induce oocyte DNA damage, diminished ovarian reserve, and infertility in women. With the increase of infertility population, there is an increasing need to study the relationship between infertility related diseases and DNA damage and repair. Researchers have tried various methods to reduce DNA damage in oocytes and enhance their DNA repair capabilities in an attempt to protect oocytes. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the DNA damage response mechanisms in infertility diseases such as PCOS, endometriosis, diminished ovarian reserve and hydrosalpinx, which has important implications for fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Xu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
- Cardiovascular platform, Institute of Health and Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Luyi Lv
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Ci Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Ya-Nan Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Baojun Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Qian Li
- Cardiovascular platform, Institute of Health and Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Gui-Min Hao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, Hebei Medical Key discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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Mowaad NA, Elgohary R, ElShebiney S. Effect of Stanozolol and/or Cannabis Abuse on Hypertrophic Mechanism and Oxidative Stress of Male Albino Rat Cardiac Tissue in Relation to Exercise: A Sport Abuse Practice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:527-538. [PMID: 38720122 PMCID: PMC11102414 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents commonly co-abuse many drugs including anabolic androgenic steroids either they are athletes or non-athletes. Stanozolol is the major anabolic used in recent years and was reported grouped with cannabis. The current study aimed at evaluating the biochemical and histopathological changes related to the hypertrophic effects of stanozolol and/or cannabis whether in condition of exercise practice or sedentary conditions. Adult male Wistar albino rats received either stanozolol (5 mg/kg, s.c), cannabis (10 mg/kg, i.p.), and a combination of both once daily for two months. Swimming exercise protocol was applied as a training model. Relative heart weight, oxidative stress biomarkers, cardiac tissue fibrotic markers were evaluated. Left ventricular morphometric analysis and collagen quantification was done. The combined treatment exhibited serious detrimental effects on the heart tissues. It increased heart tissue fibrotic markers (Masson's trichrome stain (p < 0.001), cardiac COL3 (p < 0.0001), and VEGF-A (p < 0.05)), lowered heart glutathione levels (p < 0.05) and dramatically elevated oxidative stress (increased malondialdehyde (p < 0.0001) and 8-OHDG (p < 0.0001)). Training was not ameliorating for the observed effects. Misuse of cannabis and stanozolol resulted in more hypertrophic consequences of the heart than either drug alone, which were at least largely assigned to oxidative stress, heart tissue fibrotic indicators, histological alterations, and morphometric changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A Mowaad
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa ElShebiney
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Holmannova D, Borsky P, Andrys C, Kremlacek J, Fiala Z, Parova H, Rehacek V, Esterkova M, Poctova G, Maresova T, Borska L. The Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on Potential Aging Biomarkers in Participants with Metabolic Syndrome Compared to Healthy Controls. Biomedicines 2024; 12:242. [PMID: 38275413 PMCID: PMC10813522 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological aging is a physiological process that can be altered by various factors. The presence of a chronic metabolic disease can accelerate aging and increase the risk of further chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to determine whether the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects levels of markers that are associated with, among other things, aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 169 subjects (58 with MetS, and 111 without metabolic syndrome, i.e., non-MetS) participated in the study. Levels of telomerase, GDF11/15, sirtuin 1, follistatin, NLRP3, AGEs, klotho, DNA/RNA damage, NAD+, vitamin D, and blood lipids were assessed from blood samples using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS Telomerase (p < 0.01), DNA/RNA damage (p < 0.006) and GDF15 (p < 0.02) were higher in MetS group compared to non-MetS group. Only vitamin D levels were higher in the non-MetS group (p < 0.0002). Differences between MetS and non-MetS persons were also detected in groups divided according to age: in under 35-year-olds and those aged 35-50 years. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that people with MetS compared to those without MetS have higher levels of some of the measured markers of biological aging. Thus, the presence of MetS may accelerate biological aging, which may be associated with an increased risk of chronic comorbidities that accompany MetS (cardiovascular, inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, metabolic, or cancer diseases) and risk of premature death from all causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremlacek
- Institute of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Helena Parova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Esterkova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Gabriela Poctova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Tereza Maresova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic (L.B.)
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Miniksar DY, Cansız MA, Göçmen AY, Kılıç M, Miniksar ÖH. The Effect of Drug Use, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure on Oxidative Stress Levels in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 21:88-98. [PMID: 36700315 PMCID: PMC9889889 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2023.21.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between clinical variables such as body mass index, blood pressure, drug use and oxidative stress level in children and adolescents with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the serum of 51 patients (38 male, 13 female) diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and 32 control subjects (12 male, 20 female). The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version was applied to all participants. Results The mean TOS, OSI, MDA values were determined to be significantly higher (p < 0.001) and the mean SOD value was lower in the ADHD group (p < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis indicated significantly lower SOD and diastolic blood pressure values and significantly higher MDA in the ADHD group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). Low SOD (sensitivity 90.2%, specificity 78.0%) and high MDA (sensitivity 86.3%, specificity 81.2%) were determined to be predictive parameters for diagnosing ADHD. In univariate analysis, the mean TOS, OSI and SOD values were higher in ADHD patients under medication, while the mean TAS was higher in patients not using medication (p < 0.01). Only TOS was significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis (p < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that impaired oxidative balance may play a role in the etiology of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilşad Yıldız Miniksar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey,Address for correspondence: Dilşad Yıldız Miniksar Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yozgat Bozok University, Atatürk Road 7. Km Azizli/Yozgat 66100, Turkey, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6389-4377
| | - Mehmet Akif Cansız
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | | | - Mahmut Kılıç
- Department of Public Health, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ökkeş Hakan Miniksar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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Arista-Ugalde TL, Santiago-Osorio E, Monroy-García A, Rosado-Pérez J, Aguiñiga-Sánchez I, Cadena-Iñiguez J, Gavia-García G, Mendoza-Núñez VM. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of the Consumption of Powdered Concentrate of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum in Mexican Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1076. [PMID: 35739973 PMCID: PMC9220335 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has a high prevalence in older adults and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and complications of old age. It has also been related to oxidative stress (OxS) and chronic inflammation (CI) and their consequent alterations. Therefore, it is important to propose therapeutic alternatives such as the consumption of Sechium edule (Chayote), since hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and lipogenesis inhibitor properties are attributed to it. We carried out a study in 81 older adults (OA) with MetS to determine the effect of consumption of chayote powder concentrate (500 mg, three times a day) for six months, with a baseline measurement, at three and six months in an experimental group (EG) (n = 41) and a placebo group (PG) (n = 40), all with a diagnosis of MetS according to the criteria of National Adult Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Program III (NCEP/ATP III). Anthropometric, biochemical, OxS markers, and inflammation measurements were performed on all participants, basal, three, and six months after. A statistically significant decrease was found in the concentration of lipoperoxides (TBARS), 8-isoprostanes, 8-OHdG, oxidative stress score (OSS), HbA1c, blood pressure, and in the number of MetS diagnostic criteria, as well as an increase in total antioxidant status (TAS), antioxidant gap (GAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and HDL-cholesterol in EG. The results suggest that the consumption of Sechium edule powder has a hypotensive, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect in OA with MetS and reduced the percentage of patients with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (T.L.A.-U.); (J.R.-P.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Hematopoiesis and Leukemia Laboratory, Research Unit on Cell Differentiation and Cancer, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico;
| | - Alberto Monroy-García
- Immunology and Cancer Laboratory, Medical Research Unit in Oncological Diseases, CMN SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (T.L.A.-U.); (J.R.-P.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez
- Postgraduate College, Campus San Luis Potosí, Iturbide No. 73 Street, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí 78600, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico;
| | - Graciela Gavia-García
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (T.L.A.-U.); (J.R.-P.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit on Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico; (T.L.A.-U.); (J.R.-P.); (G.G.-G.)
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Salazar AM, Sordo M, Navarrete-Monroy E, Pánico P, Díaz-Villaseñor A, Montúfar-Chaveznava R, Caldelas I, Ostrosky-Wegman P. Maternal overnutrition before and during pregnancy induces DNA damage in male offspring: A rabbit model. Mutat Res 2021; 865:503324. [PMID: 33865538 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Using a rabbit model, we investigated whether maternal intake of a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) before and during pregnancy induces an increase in micronuclei frequency and oxidative stress in offspring during adulthood. Female rabbits received a standard diet (SD) or HFCD for two months before mating and during gestation. The offspring from both groups were nursed by foster mothers fed SD until postnatal day 35. After weaning, all the animals received SD until postnatal day 440. At postnatal day 370, the frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood reticulocytes (MN-RETs) increased in the male offspring from HFCD-fed mothers compared with the male offspring from SD-fed mothers. Additionally, fasting serum glucose increased in the offspring from HFCD-fed mothers compared with the offspring from SD-fed mothers. At postnatal day 440, the offspring rabbits were challenged with HFCD or continued with SD for 30 days. There was an increase in MN-RET frequency in the male rabbits from HFCD-fed mothers, independent of the type of challenging diet consumed during adulthood. The challenge induced changes in serum cholesterol, LDL and HDL that were influenced by the maternal diet and offspring sex. We measured malondialdehyde in the liver of rabbits as an oxidative stress marker after diet challenge. Oxidative stress in the liver only increased in the female offspring from HFCD-fed mothers who were also challenged with this same diet. The data indicate that maternal overnutrition before and during pregnancy is able to promote different effects depending on the sex of the animals, with chromosomal instability in male offspring and oxidative stress and hypercholesterolemia in female offspring. Our data might be important in the understanding of chronic diseases that develop in adulthood due to in utero exposure to maternal diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Salazar
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Sordo
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Navarrete-Monroy
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo Pánico
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea Díaz-Villaseñor
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ivette Caldelas
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Celular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Møller P, Stopper H, Collins AR. Measurement of DNA damage with the comet assay in high-prevalence diseases: current status and future directions. Mutagenesis 2021; 35:5-18. [PMID: 31294794 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The comet assay is widely used in studies on genotoxicity testing, human biomonitoring and clinical studies. The simple version of the assay detects a mixture of DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites; these lesions are typically described as DNA strand breaks to distinguish them from oxidatively damaged DNA that are measured with the enzyme-modified comet assay. This review assesses the association between high-prevalence diseases in high-income countries and DNA damage measured with the comet assay in humans. The majority of case-control studies have assessed genotoxicity in white blood cells. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Alzheimer's disease have on average 2-fold higher levels of DNA strand breaks compared with healthy controls. Patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease also have 2- to 3-fold higher levels of oxidatively damaged DNA in white blood cells than controls, although there is not a clear difference in DNA damage levels between the different diseases. Case-control studies have shown elevated levels of DNA strand breaks in patients with breast cancer, whereas there are only few studies on colorectal and lung cancers. At present, it is not possible to assess if these neoplastic diseases are associated with a different level of DNA damage compared with non-neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen H, Denmark
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) on Telomerase Levels and Antioxidant Capacity in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070634. [PMID: 32708368 PMCID: PMC7402181 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a redox imbalance, due to a decay in antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stress (OxS) is considered an important modulator of telomere shortening and telomerase activity. One of the fruits that has been associated with an antioxidant effect is Sechium edule and although its properties are well established, there is only one exploratory study evaluating its effectiveness in patients with MetS. The present investigation is a much more robust and controlled study, including a placebo group. Hence, we determined the effect of consumption of the dried fruit powder (500 mg, three times per day) for three months. We measured effects on telomerase levels, antioxidant capacity, and markers for OxS. The study was performed in a sample of 75 older adults: placebo group (n = 30) and experimental group (n = 45) with the diagnosis of MetS according to the National Adult Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Program III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria. All markers were measured before and after three months of treatment. There was a statistically significant decrease in lipoperoxides and protein carbonylation with an increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as sustained levels of telomerase in patients who consumed Sechium edule. Our findings suggest that consumption of this fruit has a hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and antioxidant effect, without altering telomerase levels, which could suggest better protection against telomere shortening.
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Awadallah S, Hasan H, Attlee A, Raigangar V, Unnikannan H, Madkour M, Abraham MS, Rashid LM. Waist circumference is a major determinant of oxidative stress in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2541-2547. [PMID: 31405674 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in pathogenic mechanisms associated with metabolic syndrome (Mets) yet the main component of Mets contributing most to OS is not well elucidated. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative-antioxidative status in Mets subjects and to determine the main predicting component of OS. METHODS Anthropometric measures, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes [catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)], reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl were assessed in 172 adult UAE residents. International Diabetes Federation criteria were used for Mets diagnosis. Mets Scores (0-5) were calculated and assigned per subject based on number of components. RESULTS Of all participants, 22.1% had Mets and 49.4% had large waist circumference (WC). Significant lower levels of catalase, SOD, GPx and GSH, and higher levels of MDA and protein carbonyl were observed in subjects with Mets. In addition, catalase, SOD, GPx, and GSH correlated negatively, while MDA and protein carbonyl correlated positively with almost all Mets components. Similar trend of correlations was noticed with Mets Scores. When adjusted for age and gender, linear regression analysis revealed that subjects with large WC demonstrated significantly lower levels of antioxidative enzymes and GSH, and higher levels of MDA and protein carbonyl. Consequently, WC emerged as the best predictor of OS. CONCLUSIONS The degree of OS is dependent on the Mets Scores, and WC contributes independently to increased OS among adults in UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Awadallah
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hayder Hasan
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amita Attlee
- Nutrition and Health Department, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Veena Raigangar
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hema Unnikannan
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Madkour
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mini Sara Abraham
- College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Latifa M Rashid
- Head of Nutrition Section, Ministry of Health and Prevention, United Arab Emirates
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Møller P. The comet assay: ready for 30 more years. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:1-7. [PMID: 29325088 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last 30 years, the comet assay has become widely used for the measurement of DNA damage and repair in cells and tissues. A landmark achievement was reached in 2016 when the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development adopted a comet assay guideline for in vivo testing of DNA strand breaks in animals. However, the comet assay has much more to offer than being an assay for testing DNA strand breaks in animal organs. The use of repair enzymes increases the range of DNA lesions that can be detected with the assay. It can also be modified to measure DNA repair activity. Still, despite the long-term use of the assay, there is a need for studies that assess the impact of variation in specific steps of the procedure. This is particularly important for the on-going efforts to decrease the variation between experiments and laboratories. The articles in this Special Issue of Mutagenesis cover important technical issues of the comet assay procedure, nanogenotoxicity and ionising radiation sensitivity on plant cells. The included biomonitoring studies have assessed seasonal variation and certain predictors for the basal level of DNA damage in white blood cells. Lastly, the comet assay has been used in studies on genotoxicity of environmental and occupational exposures in human biomonitoring studies and animal models. Overall, the articles in this Special Issue demonstrate the versatility of the comet assay and they hold promise that the assay is ready for the next 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade, Copenhagen K, Denmark
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Daily Consumption of Chocolate Rich in Flavonoids Decreases Cellular Genotoxicity and Improves Biochemical Parameters of Lipid and Glucose Metabolism. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 23:molecules23092220. [PMID: 30200398 PMCID: PMC6225491 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes has increased largely worldwide. In the present work, we evaluated the genoprotective effect of the consumption of flavonoids-rich chocolate on 84 young volunteers. Biochemical indicators related to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome were also determined. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed in the Autonomous University of Baja California. The treatments comprised the daily consumption of either 2 g of dark chocolate containing 70% cocoa, or 2 g of milk chocolate, for 6 months. The total amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids was determined in both types of chocolate. Anthropometrical and Biochemical parameters were recorded prior to and after the study. The evaluation of the genotoxicity in buccal epithelial cells was performed throughout the duration of the study. Flavonoids from cocoa in dark chocolate significantly prevented DNA damage, and improved the nucleus integrity of cells. This effect could be related to the antioxidant capacity of the dark chocolate that decreased cellular stress. Biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol level in blood) and anthropometrical parameters (waist circumference) were improved after six months of daily intake of 2 g of dark chocolate with a 70% of cocoa.
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Usman M, Volpi EV. DNA damage in obesity: Initiator, promoter and predictor of cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 778:23-37. [PMID: 30454680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence linking obesity with increased risk of cancer is steadily growing, although the causative aspects underpinning this association are only partially understood. Obesity leads to a physiological imbalance in the regulation of adipose tissue and its normal functioning, resulting in hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and inflammation. These states promote the generation of oxidative stress, which is exacerbated in obesity by a decline in anti-oxidant defence systems. Oxidative stress can have a marked impact on DNA, producing mutagenic lesions that could prove carcinogenic. Here we review the current evidence for genomic instability, sustained DNA damage and accelerated genome ageing in obesity. We explore the notion of genotoxicity, ensuing from systemic oxidative stress, as a key oncogenic factor in obesity. Finally, we advocate for early, pre-malignant assessment of genome integrity and stability to inform surveillance strategies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonisah Usman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Emanuela V Volpi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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Setayesh T, Nersesyan A, Mišík M, Ferk F, Langie S, Andrade VM, Haslberger A, Knasmüller S. Impact of obesity and overweight on DNA stability: Few facts and many hypotheses. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 777:64-91. [PMID: 30115431 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Health authorities are alarmed worldwide about the increase of obesity and overweight in the last decades which lead to adverse health effects including inflammation, cancer, accelerated aging and infertility. We evaluated the state of knowledge concerning the impact of elevated body mass on genomic instability. Results of investigations with humans (39 studies) in which DNA damage was monitored in lymphocytes and sperm cells, are conflicting and probably as a consequence of heterogeneous study designs and confounding factors (e.g. uncontrolled intake of vitamins and minerals and consumption of different food types). Results of animal studies with defined diets (23 studies) are more consistent and show that excess body fat causes DNA damage in multiple organs including brain, liver, colon and testes. Different molecular mechanisms may cause genetic instability in overweight/obese individuals. ROS formation and lipid peroxidation were found in several investigations and may be caused by increased insulin, fatty acid and glucose levels or indirectly via inflammation. Also reduced DNA repair and formation of advanced glycation end products may play a role but more data are required to draw firm conclusions. Reduction of telomere lengths and hormonal imbalances are characteristic for overweight/obesity but the former effects are delayed and moderate and hormonal effects were not investigated in regard to genomic instability in obese individuals. Increased BMI values affect also the activities of drug metabolizing enzymes which activate/detoxify genotoxic carcinogens, but no studies concerning the impact of these alterations of DNA damage in obese individuals are available. Overall, the knowledge concerning the impact of increased body weight and DNA damage is poor and further research is warranted to shed light on this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Setayesh
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Armen Nersesyan
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miroslav Mišík
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Ferk
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Langie
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celulare Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Brazil
| | | | - Siegfried Knasmüller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Rezazadeh K, Aliashrafi S, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. Antioxidant response to artichoke leaf extract supplementation in metabolic syndrome: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:790-796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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van Gastel J, Boddaert J, Jushaj A, Premont RT, Luttrell LM, Janssens J, Martin B, Maudsley S. GIT2-A keystone in ageing and age-related disease. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 43:46-63. [PMID: 29452267 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since its discovery, G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein 2, GIT2, and its family member, GIT1, have received considerable interest concerning their potential key roles in regulating multiple inter-connected physiological and pathophysiological processes. GIT2 was first identified as a multifunctional protein that is recruited to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) during the process of receptor internalization. Recent findings have demonstrated that perhaps one of the most important effects of GIT2 in physiology concerns its role in controlling multiple aspects of the complex ageing process. Ageing can be considered the most prevalent pathophysiological condition in humans, affecting all tissue systems and acting as a driving force for many common and intractable disorders. The ageing process involves a complex interplay among various deleterious activities that profoundly disrupt the body's ability to cope with damage, thus increasing susceptibility to pathophysiologies such as neurodegeneration, central obesity, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. The biological systems that control ageing appear to function as a series of interconnected complex networks. The inter-communication among multiple lower-complexity signaling systems within the global ageing networks is likely coordinated internally by keystones or hubs, which regulate responses to dynamic molecular events through protein-protein interactions with multiple distinct partners. Multiple lines of research have suggested that GIT2 may act as one of these network coordinators in the ageing process. Identifying and targeting keystones, such as GIT2, is thus an important approach in our understanding of, and eventual ability to, medically ameliorate or interdict age-related progressive cellular and tissue damage.
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Zaki M, Basha W, El-Bassyouni HT, El-Toukhy S, Hussein T. Evaluation of DNA damage profile in obese women and its association to risk of metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and recurrent preeclampsia. Genes Dis 2018; 5:367-373. [PMID: 30591939 PMCID: PMC6303482 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. Obesity and MS are always accompanied by elevated oxidative stress which might affect cellular bio-molecules such as DNA. The aim of the present study is to investigate DNA damage profile in obese premenopausal women and its relation to the risk of MS, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and history of recurrent pre-eclampsia. The study included 90 obese women included cases with MS (n = 30), PCOS (n = 30) and previous history of recurrent preeclampsia (n = 30) and, age-matched healthy non-obese control women (n = 50). The assessment of leukocyte DNA damage was done by comet assay for all cases and controls. Anthropometry and biochemical parameters have been measured. Results showed that mean percent of DNA damage was significantly higher in MS, PCOS as well as in women with the recurrent preeclampsia as compared to healthy controls. The high level of mean DNA damage frequency in obese women was significantly associated with the increased number of metabolic syndrome components. Cases with 2, 3 and 3-5 components showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage than controls. Moreover, cases with 3-5 MS components showed significant higher DNA compared to those with the two components. Regarding PCOS, significant positive association between the mean frequency of DNA damage and waist circumference was observed. The study suggests that metabolic abnormalities, PCOS and recurrent pre-eclampsia might be contributed in development of DNA damage in obese women. DNA damage can serve as an early marker for obesity complications in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushira Zaki
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Basha
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Safinaz El-Toukhy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Hussein
- Reproductive Health Research Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Kemer Doğan ES, Kırzıoğlu FY, Doğan B, Fentoğlu Ö, Kale B, Çarsancaklı SA, Orhan H. The role of menopause on the relationship between metabolic risk factors and periodontal disease via salivary oxidative parameters. J Periodontol 2018. [PMID: 29520769 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is shown to be aggravated by an increase in the count of metabolic risk factors. This study aims to evaluate the effects of metabolic risk factors on periodontal parameters and salivary oxidative stress markers related to menopausal status. METHODS One hundred and seventy-six women were categorized according to menopausal status, either premenopause (Pre/M) (n = 86) or postmenopause (Post/M) (n = 90). The count of metabolic risk factors was evaluated. Sociodemographics and systemic status were determined via questionnaire and medical records. After clinical periodontal measurements and saliva collection, myeloperoxidase (MPO), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and automatic colorimetric method. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was also calculated. RESULTS The count of metabolic risk factors was higher in the Post/M group than the Pre/M group. Periodontal parameters and TOS levels were elevated by an increase in the count of metabolic risk factors. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that periodontal (clinical attachment level and missed teeth) and oxidative (MPO and OSI) parameters increased and TAOC levels decreased due to menopause. Additionally, positive relationships between periodontal and oxidative parameters were determined. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that salivary oxidative stress level may be an indicator of worsened periodontal status related to menopause and the count of metabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Sinem Kemer Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yeşim Kırzıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Burak Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Özlem Fentoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | | | | | - Hikmet Orhan
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Zaki M, Kamal S, Basha WA, El-Toukhy S, Yousef W, El-Bassyouni HT, Azmy O. Assessment of DNA damage in obese premenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Comet assay in evaluating deoxyribonucleic acid damage after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Anatol J Cardiol 2017. [PMID: 28639949 PMCID: PMC5512196 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2017.7578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may induce severe DNA damage measured using comet assay in successfully resuscitated humans and to evaluate a short-term prognostic role. Methods: In this prospective, controlled, blinded study (1/2013–1/2014), 41 patients (age, 63±14 years) successfully resuscitated from non-traumatic OHCA and 10 healthy controls (age, 53±17 years) were enrolled. DNA damage [double-strand breaks (DSBs) and single-strand breaks (SSBs)] was measured using comet assay in peripheral lymphocytes sampled at admission. Clinical data were recorded (according to Utstein style). A good short-term prognosis was defined as survival for 30 days. Results: Among the patients, there were 71% (29/41) short-term survivors. After OHCA, DNA damage (DSBs and SSBs) was higher (11.0±7.6% and 0.79±2.41% in tail) among patients than among controls (1.96±1.63% and 0.02±0.03% in tail), and it was more apparent for DSBs (p<0.001 and p=0.085). There was no difference in the DNA damage between patients with cardiac and non-cardiac etiology, or between survivors and nonsurvivors. Among Utstein style parameters, ventricular fibrillation, asystole, and early electrical defibrillation influenced DSB; none of the factors influenced SSBs. Factors influencing survival were SSBs, ventricular fibrillation, length of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by professionals ≤15 min, cardiogenic shock, and postanoxic encephalopathy. In contrast to DSBs [area under the curve (AUC)=0.520], SSBs seem to have a potential in prognostication (AUC=0.639). Conclusion: This study for the first time demonstrates revelation of DNA damage using comet assay in patients successfully resuscitated from OHCA. Whether DNA damage measured using comet assay may be a prognostic marker remains unknown, although our data may encourage some suggestions.
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Phosphorylation of Histone H2A.X in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells May Be a Useful Marker for Monitoring Cardiometabolic Risk in Nondiabetic Individuals. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:2050194. [PMID: 28572698 PMCID: PMC5441116 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2050194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of H2A.X (serine 139) in the histone H2A family located in the downstream of the DNA damage kinase signaling cascade is an important indicator of DNA damage. Recently, phosphorylation of H2A.X was proposed as a sensitive biomarker of aging. This study investigated if phosphorylation of H2A.X in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is associated with cardiometabolic risk in nondiabetic individuals. Basic parameters and oxidative stress/inflammatory markers were measured in nondiabetic healthy Koreans (n = 119). Phosphorylation of H2A.X was measured randomly among the study subjects using a flow cytometer. According to the number of metabolic syndrome risk factor (MetS-RF), the study subjects were subdivided into “super healthy” (MetS − RF = 0, n = 71) and “MetS-risk” (MetS − RF ≥ 1, n = 48) groups. Phosphorylation of H2A.X in PBMCs (percentages and mean fluorescence intensity) was significantly higher in the MetS-risk group than in the super healthy group after adjusting for age, sex, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption. Phosphorylated H2A.X was positively correlated with the number of MetS-RF as well as waist circumference, blood pressures, triglyceride, HbA1C, oxidized LDL, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and alanine aminotransferase after the adjustment. The present study suggested that phosphorylated H2A.X in circulating PBMCs measured by flow cytometer may be a useful marker for monitoring cardiometabolic risk in nondiabetic individuals.
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Bernardes N, Ayyappan P, De Angelis K, Bagchi A, Akolkar G, da Silva Dias D, Belló-Klein A, Singal PK. Excessive consumption of fructose causes cardiometabolic dysfunctions through oxidative stress and inflammation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1078-1090. [PMID: 28187269 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A rapid rise in obesity, as well as physical inactivity, in industrialized countries is associated with fructose-consumption-mediated metabolic syndrome having a strong association with cardiovascular disease. Although insulin resistance is thought to be at the core, visceral obesity, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia are also considered important components of this metabolic disorder. In addition, various other abnormalities such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and elevated levels of uric acid are also part of this syndrome. Lifestyle changes through improved physical activity, as well as nutrition, are important approaches to minimize metabolic syndrome and its deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Bernardes
- a Universidade Nove de Julho, Diretoria de Mestrado, Av. Francisco Matatazzo, 612, 10 andar, Centro de Pos Graduacao Stricto Sensu, Barra Funda, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Prathapan Ayyappan
- b Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Katia De Angelis
- a Universidade Nove de Julho, Diretoria de Mestrado, Av. Francisco Matatazzo, 612, 10 andar, Centro de Pos Graduacao Stricto Sensu, Barra Funda, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ashim Bagchi
- b Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Gauri Akolkar
- b Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Danielle da Silva Dias
- a Universidade Nove de Julho, Diretoria de Mestrado, Av. Francisco Matatazzo, 612, 10 andar, Centro de Pos Graduacao Stricto Sensu, Barra Funda, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- c Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pawan K Singal
- b Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Ham D, Jun S, Kang M, Shin S, Wie GA, Baik HW, Joung H. Association of total dietary antioxidant capacity with oxidative stress and metabolic markers among patients with metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.3.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwoo Ham
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minji Kang
- Center for Gendered Innovations in Science and Technology Researches (GISTER), Korea Federation of Women's Science & Technology Associations, Seoul 06130, Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Gyung-Ah Wie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Research Institute & Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Clinical Nutrition, DMC Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam-si 13590, Korea
| | - Hyojee Joung
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Panahi Y, Hosseini MS, Khalili N, Naimi E, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2015; 34:1101-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Karaman A, Aydın H, Geçkinli B, Çetinkaya A, Karaman S. DNA damage is increased in lymphocytes of patients with metabolic syndrome. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 782:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Luperini BCO, Almeida DC, Porto MP, Marcondes JPC, Prado RP, Rasera I, Oliveira MRM, Salvadori DMF. Gene polymorphisms and increased DNA damage in morbidly obese women. Mutat Res 2015; 776:111-7. [PMID: 26255942 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by increased adipose tissue mass resulting from a chronic imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Furthermore, there is a clearly defined relationship among fat mass expansion, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; leading to ROS-related pathological events. In the past years, genome-wide association studies have generated convincing evidence associating genetic variation at multiple regions of the genome with traits that reflect obesity. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationships among the gene polymorphisms ghrelin (GHRL-rs26802), ghrelin receptor (GHSR-rs572169), leptin (LEP-rs7799039), leptin receptor (LEPR-rs1137101) and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO-rs9939609) and obesity. The relationships among these gene variants and the amount of DNA damage were also investigated. Three hundred Caucasian morbidly obese and 300 eutrophic (controls) women were recruited. In summary, the results demonstrated that the frequencies of the GHRL, GHSR, LEP and LEPR polymorphisms were not different between Brazilian white morbidly obese and eutrophic women. Exceptions were the AA-FTO genotype and allele A, which were significantly more frequent in obese women than in the controls (0.23% vs. 0.10%; 0.46 vs. 0.36, respectively), and the TT-FTO genotype and the T allele, which were less frequent in morbidly obese women (p<0.01). Furthermore, significant differences in the amount of genetic lesions associated with FTO variants were observed only in obese women. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the analyzed SNPs were not closely associated with morbid obesity, suggesting they are not the major contributors to obesity. Therefore, our data indicated that these gene variants are not good biomarkers for predicting risk susceptibility for obesity, whereas ROS generated by the inflammatory status might be one of the causes of DNA damage in obese women, favoring genetically related diseases as obesity comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C O Luperini
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - D C Almeida
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - M P Porto
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - J P C Marcondes
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - R P Prado
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - I Rasera
- Center of Gastroenterology and Surgery of Obesity, Piracicaba SP, Brazil
| | - M R M Oliveira
- Biosciences Institute, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - D M F Salvadori
- Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Brazil.
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How V, Hashim Z, Ismail P, Omar D, Said SM, Tamrin SBM. Characterization of risk factors for DNA damage among paddy farm worker exposed to mixtures of organophosphates. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2015; 70:102-9. [PMID: 24965330 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2013.823905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This is a cross-sectional study conducted among paddy farmers to characterize potential risk factors that influence levels of DNA damage from exposure to mixtures of organophosphates. Comet assay was used to determine the level of DNA damage by measuring the comet tail length from the exfoliated buccal mucosa. The result suggests that farmers who chronically exposure to a mixture of organophosphates has at least 2-fold significant increase of DNA damage as compared with control group. Factor analysis and linear regression both suggest that DNA damage reported by farmers may influence individual, occupational, and residential factors and are reported as significant predictor factors, whereas this effect is mainly caused by individual factors among the control group. The findings of the present study suggest that either farmer or control group bear certain extent of genotoxic burden contributed by different risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien How
- a Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
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Milic M, Frustaci A, Del Bufalo A, Sánchez-Alarcón J, Valencia-Quintana R, Russo P, Bonassi S. DNA damage in non-communicable diseases: A clinical and epidemiological perspective. Mutat Res 2014; 776:118-27. [PMID: 26255943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death and disability, representing 63% of the total death number worldwide. A characteristic phenotype of these diseases is the accelerated aging, which is the result of phenomena such as accumulated DNA damage, telomere capping loss and subcellular irreversible/nonrepaired oxidative damage. DNA damage, mostly oxidative, plays a key role in the development of most common NCDs. The present review will gather some of the most relevant knowledge concerning the presence of DNA damage in NCDs focusing on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, and discussing a selection of papers from the most informative literature. The challenge of comorbidity and the potential offered by new systems approaches for introducing these biomarkers into the clinical decision process will be discussed. Systems Medicine platforms represent the most suitable approach to personalized medicine, enabling to identify new patterns in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirta Milic
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy; Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alessandra Frustaci
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Bufalo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales, 90062 Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Facultad de Agrobiología, Evaluación de Riesgos Ambientales, 90062 Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Patrizia Russo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Area of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, 00166 Rome, Italy.
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Majewski W, Krzyminiewski R, Stanisić M, Iskra M, Krasiński Z, Nowak M, Dobosz B. Measurement of free radicals using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy during open aorto-iliac arterial reconstruction. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2453-60. [PMID: 25429420 PMCID: PMC4257482 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic cross-clamping during abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) open repair leads to development of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) spin-trapping is a valuable method of direct measurement of free radicals. The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of EPR as a direct method of free radical measurement and degree of inflammatory response in open operative treatment of patients with AAA and aorto-iliac occlusive disease (AIOD). MATERIAL/METHODS The study was performed on a group of 32 patients with AAA and 25 patients with AIOD scheduled for open repair. Peripheral venous blood for EPR spectroscopy and for SOD, GPx, ox-LDL, Il-6, TNF-alfa, CRP, and HO-1 were harvested. Selected parameters were established accordingly to specified EPR and immunohistochemical methods and analyzed between groups by Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS Free radicals level was correlated with the time of the aortic cross-clamping after the reperfusion of he first and second leg in AAA (r=0.7; r=0.47). ox-LDL in AAA decreased 5 min after reperfusion of the first leg (32.99 U/L, range: 14.09-77.12) and 5 min after reperfusion of the second leg (26.75 U/L, range: 11.56-82.12) and 24 h after the operation (25.85 U/L, range: 14.29-49.70). HO-1 concentration increased to above the level before intervention 24 h after surgery. The activities of GPx and SOD decreased 5 min after the first-leg reperfusion in AAA. Twenty-four hours after surgery, inflammatory markers increased in AAA to CRP was 14.76 ml/l (0.23-38.55), IL-6 was 141.22 pg/ml (84.3-591.03), TNF-alfa was 6.82 pg/ml (1.76-80.01) and AIOD: CRP was 18.44 mg/l (2.56-33.14), IL-6: 184.1 pg/ml (128.46-448.03), TNF-alfa was 7.74 pg/ml (1.74-74.74). CONCLUSIONS EPR spin-trapping demonstrates temporarily elevated level of free radicals in early phase of reperfusion, leading to decrease antioxidants in AAA. Elevated free radical levels decreased 24 h after surgery due to various endogenous antioxidants and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wacław Majewski
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Krzyminiewski
- Institute of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Division of Medical Physics, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Stanisić
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria Iskra
- Department of General Chemistry, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Krasiński
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Nowak
- Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Dobosz
- Institute of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Division of Medical Physics, Poznań, Poland
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Franzke B, Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Peherstorfer H, Krejci K, Koller B, Geider K, Baierl A, Tosevska A, Strasser EM, Wessner B, Wagner KH. The influence of age and aerobic fitness on chromosomal damage in Austrian institutionalised elderly. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:441-5. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Diet-induced obesity modulates epigenetic responses to ionizing radiation in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106277. [PMID: 25171162 PMCID: PMC4149562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Both exposure to ionizing radiation and obesity have been associated with various pathologies including cancer. There is a crucial need in better understanding the interactions between ionizing radiation effects (especially at low doses) and other risk factors, such as obesity. In order to evaluate radiation responses in obese animals, C3H and C57BL/6J mice fed a control normal fat or a high fat (HF) diet were exposed to fractionated doses of X-rays (0.75 Gy ×4). Bone marrow micronucleus assays did not suggest a modulation of radiation-induced genotoxicity by HF diet. Using MSP, we observed that the promoters of p16 and Dapk genes were methylated in the livers of C57BL/6J mice fed a HF diet (irradiated and non-irradiated); Mgmt promoter was methylated in irradiated and/or HF diet-fed mice. In addition, methylation PCR arrays identified Ep300 and Socs1 (whose promoters exhibited higher methylation levels in non-irradiated HF diet-fed mice) as potential targets for further studies. We then compared microRNA regulations after radiation exposure in the livers of C57BL/6J mice fed a normal or an HF diet, using microRNA arrays. Interestingly, radiation-triggered microRNA regulations observed in normal mice were not observed in obese mice. miR-466e was upregulated in non-irradiated obese mice. In vitro free fatty acid (palmitic acid, oleic acid) administration sensitized AML12 mouse liver cells to ionizing radiation, but the inhibition of miR-466e counteracted this radio-sensitization, suggesting that the modulation of radiation responses by diet-induced obesity might involve miR-466e expression. All together, our results suggested the existence of dietary effects on radiation responses (especially epigenetic regulations) in mice, possibly in relationship with obesity-induced chronic oxidative stress.
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Hopps E, Canino B, Montana M, Lo Presti R, Averna MR, Caimi G. Behavior of the total antioxidant status in a group of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2014; 8:166-169. [PMID: 25220920 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Our purpose was to examine the total antioxidant status (TAS) in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS) subdivided according to the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. METHODS We enrolled 106 subjects (45 women, 61 men) with MS subsequently subdivided in diabetics (14 women, 29 men) and nondiabetics (31 women, 29 men). TAS was obtained using an Assay kit which relies on the ability of plasma antioxidant substances to inhibit the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid) to the radical ABTS·+. RESULTS In the group of MS subjects a significant decrease in TAS (p<0.05) in comparison with normal controls was evident. This difference was present between normal subjects and nondiabetic subjects with MS (p<0.001) but not between normal and diabetic subjects with MS. Examining the linear regression among TAS, age, anthropometric profile, blood pressure values and glycometabolic pattern, conflicting data were found. CONCLUSIONS Although we know that TAS includes several enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants, we retain that the difference observed in the two subgroups of subjects with MS must be looked in particular into two pathophysiological aspects regarding bilirubin and uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Hopps
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Baldassare Canino
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Montana
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalia Lo Presti
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio R Averna
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gregorio Caimi
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università di Palermo, Via del vespro 129, 90100 Palermo, Italy
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Milić M, Kišan M, Rogulj D, Radman M, Lovrenčić MV, Konjevoda P, Domijan AM. Level of primary DNA damage in the early stage of metabolic syndrome. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2013; 758:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Simon AS, Vijayakumar T. Molecular studies on coronary artery disease-a review. Indian J Clin Biochem 2013; 28:215-26. [PMID: 24426215 PMCID: PMC3689340 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-013-0303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the entire world population. The conventional risk factors of CAD include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, family history, smoking etc. These factors contribute only 50 % of the total risk of CAD. For providing a complete risk assessment in CAD, it is mandatory to have well-planned clinical, biochemical and genetic studies in patients with CAD and subjects who are at risk of developing CAD. In this review an attempt is made to critically evaluate the conventional and emerging risk factors which predispose the individual to CAD. Specifically, the molecular basis of CAD including high oxidative stress, low antioxidant status and increased DNA damage are covered. A comprehensive and multifactorial approach to the problem is the better way to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Supriya Simon
- />Department of Biochemistry, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, 689 101 Kerala India
| | - T. Vijayakumar
- />Educare Institute of Dental Sciences, Malappuram, 676 504 Kerala India
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Yardim-Akaydin S, Caliskan-Can E, Gökalp F, Firat H, Ardiç S, Simsek B. Lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in apnea patients with or without metabolic syndrome. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/sbr.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Yardim-Akaydin
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara; Turkey
| | - Emel Caliskan-Can
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara; Turkey
| | - Firat Gökalp
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara; Turkey
| | - Hikmet Firat
- Department of Chest Diseases; Sleep Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment Center; Ministry of Health Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit and Training and Research Hospital; Ankara; Turkey
| | - Sadik Ardiç
- Department of Chest Diseases; Sleep Disorders Diagnosis and Treatment Center; Ministry of Health Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit and Training and Research Hospital; Ankara; Turkey
| | - Bolkan Simsek
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara; Turkey
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Jacob KD, Hooten NN, Trzeciak AR, Evans MK. Markers of oxidant stress that are clinically relevant in aging and age-related disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2013; 134:139-57. [PMID: 23428415 PMCID: PMC3664937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the long held hypothesis that oxidant stress results in accumulated oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules and subsequently to aging and age-related chronic disease, it has been difficult to consistently define and specifically identify markers of oxidant stress that are consistently and directly linked to age and disease status. Inflammation because it is also linked to oxidant stress, aging, and chronic disease also plays an important role in understanding the clinical implications of oxidant stress and relevant markers. Much attention has focused on identifying specific markers of oxidative stress and inflammation that could be measured in easily accessible tissues and fluids (lymphocytes, plasma, serum). The purpose of this review is to discuss markers of oxidant stress used in the field as biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases, highlighting differences observed by race when data is available. We highlight DNA, RNA, protein, and lipid oxidation as measures of oxidative stress, as well as other well-characterized markers of oxidative damage and inflammation and discuss their strengths and limitations. We present the current state of the literature reporting use of these markers in studies of human cohorts in relation to age and age-related disease and also with a special emphasis on differences observed by race when relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly D. Jacob
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrzej R. Trzeciak
- Molecular Neurobiology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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The Mediterranean diet improves the systemic lipid and DNA oxidative damage in metabolic syndrome individuals. A randomized, controlled, trial. Clin Nutr 2012; 32:172-8. [PMID: 22999065 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which a non-classic feature is an increase in systemic oxidative biomarkers, presents a high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with a reduced risk of MetS. However, the effect of the MedDiet on biomarkers for oxidative damage has not been assessed in MetS individuals. We have investigated the effect of the MedDiet on systemic oxidative biomarkers in MetS individuals. METHODS Randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial in which 110 female with MetS, aged 55-80, were recruited into a large trial (PREDIMED Study) to test the efficacy of the traditional MedDiet on the primary prevention of CVD. Participants were assigned to a low-fat diet or two traditional MedDiets (MedDiet + virgin olive oil or MedDiet + nuts). Both MedDiet group participants received nutritional education and either free extra virgin olive oil for all the family (1 L/week), or free nuts (30 g/day). Diets were ad libitum. Changes in urine levels of F2-Isoprostane (F2-IP) and the DNA damage base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were evaluated at 1-year trial. RESULTS After 1-year urinary F2-IP decreased in all groups, the decrease in MedDiet groups reaching a borderline significance versus that of the Control group. Urinary 8-oxo-dG was also reduced in all groups, with a higher decrease in both MedDiet groups versus the Control one (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MedDiet reduces oxidative damage to lipids and DNA in MetS individuals. Data from this study provide evidence to recommend the traditional MedDiet as a useful tool in the MetS management.
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Trzeciak AR, Mohanty JG, Jacob KD, Barnes J, Ejiogu N, Lohani A, Zonderman AB, Rifkind J, Evans MK. Oxidative damage to DNA and single strand break repair capacity: relationship to other measures of oxidative stress in a population cohort. Mutat Res 2012; 736:93-103. [PMID: 22273780 PMCID: PMC4037702 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It is well accepted that oxidative DNA repair capacity, oxidative damage to DNA and oxidative stress play central roles in aging and disease development. However, the correlation between oxidative damage to DNA, markers of oxidant stress and DNA repair capacity is unclear. In addition, there is no universally accepted panel of markers to assess oxidative stress in humans. Our interest is oxidative damage to DNA and its correlation with DNA repair capacity and other markers of oxidative stress. We present preliminary data from a small comet study that attempts to correlate single strand break (SSB) level with single strand break repair capacity (SSB-RC) and markers of oxidant stress and inflammation. In this limited study of four very small age-matched 24-individual groups of male and female whites and African-Americans aged 30-64 years, we found that females have higher single strand break (SSB) levels than males (p=0.013). There was a significant negative correlation between SSB-RC and SSB level (p=0.041). There was a positive correlation between SSBs in African American males with both heme degradation products (p=0.008) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p=0.022). We found a significant interaction between hs-CRP and sex in their effect on residual DNA damage (p=0.002). Red blood cell reduced glutathione concentration was positively correlated with the levels of oxidized bases detected by endonuclease III (p=0.047), heme degradation products (p=0.015) and hs-CRP (p=0.020). However, plasma carbonyl levels showed no significant correlation with other markers. The data from the literature and from our very limited study suggest a complex relationship between measures of oxidative stress and frequently used clinical parameters believed to reflect inflammation or oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej R. Trzeciak
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joy G. Mohanty
- Molecular Dynamics Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kimberly D. Jacob
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janice Barnes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ngozi Ejiogu
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Althaf Lohani
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph Rifkind
- Molecular Dynamics Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Goodwill AG, Frisbee JC. Oxidant stress and skeletal muscle microvasculopathy in the metabolic syndrome. Vascul Pharmacol 2012; 57:150-9. [PMID: 22796585 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the metabolic syndrome in afflicted individuals is, in part, characterized by the development of a severely pro-oxidant state within the vasculature. It has been previously demonstrated by many investigators that this increasingly pro-oxidant state can have severe negative implications for many relevant processes within the vasculature, including the coordination of dilator/constrictor tone or reactivity, the structural adaptations of the vascular wall or distal networks, as well as the integrated regulation of perfusion resistance across and throughout the vascular networks. The purpose of this review article is to present the different sources of oxidant stress within the setting of the metabolic syndrome, the available mechanism for attempts at regulation and the vascular outcomes associated with this condition. It is anticipated that this overview will help readers and investigators to more effectively design experiments and interpret their results within the extremely complicated setting of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Goodwill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
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Shettigar SKG, Shailaja C, Kulkarni RK. Elevated micronuclei frequency in type 2 diabetes with high glycosylated hemoglobin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 95:246-50. [PMID: 22078074 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The role of oxidative damage to DNA due to hyperglycemia is well known. In the current study we have evaluated the induction of micronuclei due to increased glycosylation in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Forty-nine subjects divided into two groups of normoglycemic controls and type 2 diabetic cases were recruited in the study. Whole blood was cultured and micronuclei were scored in all the cases. This was correlated with age, sex, blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin. RESULTS Age and sex matched diabetic patients had an increased micronuclei frequency in response to elevated glycosylation of hemoglobin (R(2)=0.229, p=0.037) compared to normoglycemic subjects. CONCLUSION The increased glycosylation seems to induce oxidative damage in the DNA of the diabetic patients, which manifests as an increased micronuclei frequency. This has a potential to be used as a biomarker for subsequent diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K G Shettigar
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Section, Pathology Unit, Medical Division, BARC Hospital, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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Rogulj D, Konjevoda P, Milić M, Mladinić M, Domijan AM. Fatty liver index as an indicator of metabolic syndrome. Clin Biochem 2011; 45:68-71. [PMID: 22056738 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to find an early indicator of metabolic syndrome (MetS). DESIGN AND METHODS We measured several anthropometric, biochemical, haematological, and oxidative damage parameters in 128 middle-aged Caucasian men divided into two groups: patients with MetS (n=69) and healthy controls (n=59), and used Weka REPTree and SimpleCART algorithms to identify the most reliable predictor of MetS. RESULTS Oxidative damage parameters did not differ between the groups, suggesting that oxidative damage is less prominent at the early stage of MetS. The algorithms singled out fatty liver index (FLI) as the best variable for discriminating between healthy and MetS subjects. This finding was confirmed by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which set FLI 68.53 as the threshold value for MetS diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS FLI is the most reliable tool for diagnosing MetS. The absence of oxidative damage does not rule out oxidative stress but may indicate that MetS is at an early stage.
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Guiducci L, Burchielli S, Chubuchny V, Sicari R, Liistro T, Corciu AI, Pardini S, Di Cecco P, Manfredi S, Bucci M, Salvadori PA, Andreassi MG, Iozzo P. Maternal and Sex Dependency of Insulin Resistance: Longitudinal PET and Echocardiography Study from the Healthy Fetus to the Adult Minipig. J Nucl Med 2011; 52:1993-2000. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.111.087882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Andreassi MG, Barale R, Iozzo P, Picano E. The association of micronucleus frequency with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:77-83. [PMID: 21164186 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are serious and growing health care problems worldwide, leading an increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Over the past decade, emerging evidence has shown that an increased chromosomal damage, as determined by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, is correlated to the pathogenesis of metabolic and CVD. An increased micronuclei (MN) frequency has been demonstrated in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, a common condition in reproductive-aged women associated with impaired glucose tolerance, T2D mellitus and the MetS. High levels of MN have been detected to be significantly correlated with T2D as well as with the occurrence and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Long-term follow-up studies have shown that an increased MN frequency is a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular mortality within a population of healthy subjects as well as of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with known CAD. Overall, these findings support the hypothesis that CBMN assay may provide an useful tool for screening of the MetS and its progression to diabetes and CVD in adults as well in children. Large population-based cohorts are needed in order to compare the MN frequencies as well as to better define whether MN is a biomarker or a mediator of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Andreassi
- Genetics Research Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council, via Moruzzi 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Furness DLF, Dekker GA, Hague WM, Khong TY, Fenech MF. Increased lymphocyte micronucleus frequency in early pregnancy is associated prospectively with pre-eclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction. Mutagenesis 2010; 25:489-98. [PMID: 20581221 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geq032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome stability is essential for normal foetal growth and development. To date, genome stability in human lymphocytes has not been studied in relation to late pregnancy diseases, such as pre-eclampsia (PE) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which can be life-threatening to mother and baby and together affect >10% of pregnancies. We performed a prospective cohort study investigating the association of maternal chromosomal damage in mid-pregnancy (20 weeks gestation) with pregnancy outcomes. Chromosome damage was measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMNcyt) assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The odds ratio for PE and/or IUGR in a mixed cohort of low- and high-risk pregnancies (N = 136) and a cohort of only high-risk pregnancies (N = 91) was 15.97 (P = 0.001) and 17.85 (P = 0.007), respectively, if the frequency of lymphocytes with micronuclei (MN) at 20 weeks gestation was greater than the mean + 2 SDs of the cohort. These results suggest that the presence of lymphocyte MN is significantly increased in women who develop PE and/or IUGR before the clinical signs or symptoms appear relative to women with normal pregnancy outcomes. The CBMNcyt assay may provide a new approach for the early detection of women at risk of developing these late pregnancy diseases and for biomonitoring the efficacy of interventions to reduce DNA damage, which may in turn ameliorate pregnancy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L F Furness
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Institute, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, The Medical School, Frome Road, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
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Supriya Simon A, Dinesh Roy D, Jayapal V, Vijayakumar T. Biochemical and genetic studies on cardiometabolic syndrome. Indian J Clin Biochem 2010; 25:164-8. [PMID: 23105904 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-010-0030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic syndrome is one of the major public health issues of this century which describes a cluster of clinical characteristics. Seventy two patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiometabolic syndrome and forty healthy age and sex matched normal controls were selected for this study. Detailed clinical epidemiological and anthropometric characteristics were noted. Lipid profile and Cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) assay using cytochalasin B were carried out in all the subjects. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol was significantly higher and HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in patients compared to their normal counter-parts (P<0.05). CBMN frequency of the patients was significantly higher at all ages compared to their normal counter parts (P<0.05). Various risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, smoking and alcoholism were found influenced the CBMN frequency; but the changes were not significant. From this study it can be concluded that DNA damage was found to be higher in patients with cardiometabolic syndrome which may be attributed to the generation of free radicals associated with alcohol consumption, tobacco use, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance and the accumulation of free radicals with increase in age.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Supriya Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, 689 101 India
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Berdichevsky A, Guarente L, Bose A. Acute oxidative stress can reverse insulin resistance by inactivation of cytoplasmic JNK. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:21581-9. [PMID: 20430894 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.093633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress results in decreased responsiveness to insulin, eventually leading to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Activation of the JNK signaling pathway can mediate many of the effects of stress on insulin resistance through inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1. By contrast, exercise, which acutely increases oxidative stress in the muscle, improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in patients with Type 2 diabetes. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the contrasting effects of acute versus chronic oxidative stress on insulin sensitivity, we used a cellular model of insulin-resistant muscle to induce either chronic or acute oxidative stress and investigate their effects on insulin and JNK signaling. Chronic oxidative stress resulted in increased levels of phosphorylated (activated) JNK in the cytoplasm, whereas acute oxidative stress led to redistribution of JNK-specific phosphatase MKP7 from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, reduction in cytoplasmic phospho-JNK, and a concurrent accumulation of phospho-JNK in the nucleus. Acute oxidative stress restored normal insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in insulin-resistant muscle cells, and this effect was dependent on MKP7. We propose that the contrasting effects of acute and chronic stress on insulin sensitivity are driven by changes in subcellular distribution of MKP7 and activated JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Berdichevsky
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cardiovascular and Metabolism Disease Area, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Hopps E, Noto D, Caimi G, Averna MR. A novel component of the metabolic syndrome: the oxidative stress. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2010; 20:72-77. [PMID: 19747805 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors associated to CV disease and type 2 diabetes. It is still under debate whether MS is a mere aggregation of risk factors or it represents a clinical entity with visceral obesity as underlying pathophysiological trigger. The publication of several diagnostic criteria of MS by scientific associations or experts panels reflects this uncertainty in understanding the real nature of MS. Besides the metabolic disturbances of MS, as visceral obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension and hyperglycemia, novel mechanisms of arterial damage have been identified. This paper reviews the evidence showing that MS and MS factors are characterized by increased oxidative stress, a relevant factor contributing to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In the next future, the measure of plasma oxidative stress may contribute to identify a subset of MS patients at increased CV risk, candidates to more intensive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hopps
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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N epsilon-(hexanoyl) lysine, a new oxidative stress marker, is increased in metabolic syndrome, but not in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Med Sci 2009; 338:127-33. [PMID: 19590428 DOI: 10.1097/maj.0b013e3181a478e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that oxidative stress is induced by metabolic syndrome (MetS), leading to cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is frequently complicated with MetS, and OSAS is also considered to induce oxidative stress. Thus, we examined the plasma and urine markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with OSAS with or without MetS. METHODS Sixty-nine Japanese men suspected of having OSAS were recruited. We divided all patients into 3 groups: nonobese patients, obese patients without MetS, and patients with MetS. Oxidative stress markers, plasma and urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and plasma N epsilon-(hexanoyl) lysine (HEL), and an antioxidant status marker, plasma total antioxidant status, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The plasma HEL level was significantly increased in patients with MetS, whereas neither plasma and urine 8-OHdG levels nor plasma total antioxidant status level was different in patients with MetS. Furthermore, the plasma HEL level was significantly and positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS The oxidative stress is strongly associated with the presence of MetS but not related to the presence or severity of OSAS. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the plasma concentration of HEL is a more sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress in patients with MetS than the plasma and urine levels of 8-OHdG.
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Jain N, Naseem I, Ahmad J. Evaluation of DNA damage and metabolic syndrome parameters in diabetic rabbits supplemented with antioxidants. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2009; 23:197-205. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2009.00666.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Oxidative status and DNA damage in operating room personnel. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:189-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2008] [Revised: 08/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hoelzl C, Glatt H, Meinl W, Sontag G, Haidinger G, Kundi M, Simic T, Chakraborty A, Bichler J, Ferk F, Angelis K, Nersesyan A, Knasmüller S. Consumption of Brussels sprouts protects peripheral human lymphocytes against 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and oxidative DNA-damage: results of a controlled human intervention trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2008; 52:330-41. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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