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Hou X, Liang F, Li J, Yang Y, Wang C, Qi T, Sheng W. Mapping cell diversity in human sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations. Gene 2024; 924:148605. [PMID: 38788816 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a low-flow, bleeding-prone vascular disease that can cause cerebral hemorrhage, seizure and neurological deficits. Its inheritance mode includes sporadic or autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance, namely sporadic CCM (SCCM) and familial CCM. SCCM is featured by single lesion and single affection in a family. Among CCM patients especially SCCM, the pathogenesis of the corresponding phenotypes and pathological features or candidate genes have not been fully elucidated yet. METHODS Here, we performed in-depth single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and bulk assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-Seq) in SCCM and control patients. Further validation was conducted for the gene of interest using qPCR and RNA in situ hybridization (RNA FISH) techniques to provide further atlas and evidence for SCCM generative process. RESULTS We identified six cell types in the SCCM and control vessels and found that the expression of NEK1, RNPC3, FBRSL1, IQGAP2, MCUB, AP3B1, ESCO1, MYO9B and PVT1 were up-regulated in SCCM tissues. Among the six cell types, we found that compared with control conditions, PVT1 showed a rising peak which followed the pseudo-time axis in endothelial cell clusters of SCCM samples, while showed an increasing trend in smooth muscle cell clusters of SCCM samples. Further experiments indicated that, compared with the control vessels, PVT1 exhibited significantly elevated expression in SCCM samples. CONCLUSION In SCCM conditions, We found that in the process of development from control to lesion conditions, PVT1 showed a rising peak in endothelial cells and showed an increasing trend in smooth muscle cells at the same time. Overall, there was a significantly elevated expression of NEK1, RNPC3, FBRSL1, IQGAP2, MCUB, AP3B1, ESCO1, MYO9B and PVT1 in SCCM specimens compared to control samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocan Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiaoxing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yibing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Tiewei Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Wenli Sheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, No.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Torzone SK, Park AY, Breen PC, Cohen NR, Dowen RH. Opposing action of the FLR-2 glycoprotein hormone and DRL-1/FLR-4 MAP kinases balance p38-mediated growth and lipid homeostasis in C. elegans. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002320. [PMID: 37773960 PMCID: PMC10566725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals integrate developmental and nutritional signals before committing crucial resources to growth and reproduction; however, the pathways that perceive and respond to these inputs remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that DRL-1 and FLR-4, which share similarity with mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinases, maintain lipid homeostasis in the C. elegans intestine. DRL-1 and FLR-4 function in a protein complex at the plasma membrane to promote development, as mutations in drl-1 or flr-4 confer slow growth, small body size, and impaired lipid homeostasis. To identify factors that oppose DRL-1/FLR-4, we performed a forward genetic screen for suppressors of the drl-1 mutant phenotypes and identified mutations in flr-2 and fshr-1, which encode the orthologues of follicle stimulating hormone and its putative G protein-coupled receptor, respectively. In the absence of DRL-1/FLR-4, neuronal FLR-2 acts through intestinal FSHR-1 and protein kinase A signaling to restrict growth. Furthermore, we show that opposing signaling through DRL-1 and FLR-2 coordinates TIR-1 oligomerization, which modulates downstream p38/PMK-1 activity, lipid homeostasis, and development. Finally, we identify a surprising noncanonical role for the developmental transcription factor PHA-4/FOXA in the intestine where it restricts growth in response to impaired DRL-1 signaling. Our work uncovers a complex multi-tissue signaling network that converges on p38 signaling to maintain homeostasis during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Torzone
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Aaron Y. Park
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Peter C. Breen
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Natalie R. Cohen
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert H. Dowen
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Ahmad SMS, Nazar H, Rahman MM, Rusyniak RS, Ouhtit A. ITGB1BP1, a Novel Transcriptional Target of CD44-Downstream Signaling Promoting Cancer Cell Invasion. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:373-380. [PMID: 37252376 PMCID: PMC10225144 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s404565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy worldwide and has a poor prognosis, because it begins in the breast and disseminates to lymph nodes and distant organs. While invading, BC cells acquire aggressive characteristics from the tumor microenvironment through several mechanisms. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying the process of BC cell invasion can pave the way towards the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis. We have previously reported that the activation of CD44 receptor with its major ligand hyaluronan (HA) promotes BC metastasis to the liver in vivo. Next, a gene expression profiling microarray analysis was conducted to identify and validate CD44-downstream transcriptional targets mediating its pro-metastatic function from RNA samples collected from Tet CD44-induced versus control MCF7-B5 cells. We have already validated a number of novel CD44-target genes and published their underlying signaling pathways in promoting BC cell invasion. From the same microarray analysis, Integrin subunit beta 1 binding protein 1 (ITGB1BP1) was also identified as a potential CD44-target gene that was upregulated (2-fold) upon HA activation of CD44. This report will review the lines of evidence collected from the literature to support our hypothesis, and further discuss the possible mechanisms linking HA activation of CD44 to its novel potential transcriptional target ITGB1BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M S Ahmad
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan Nazar
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Radoslaw Stefan Rusyniak
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Biological Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Venous Malformations in Childhood: Clinical, Histopathological and Genetics Update. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:477-493. [PMID: 34698142 PMCID: PMC8544485 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge in vascular anomalies has grown tremendously in the past decade with the identification of key molecular pathways and genetic mutations that drive the development of vascular tumors and vascular malformations. This has led us to better understand the pathogenesis of vascular lesions, refine their diagnosis and update their classification while also exploring the opportunity for a targeted molecular treatment. This paper aims to provide an overview of venous malformations (VM) in childhood. Specific entities include common VMs, cutaneo-mucosal VM, blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome or Bean syndrome, glomuvenous malformation, cerebral cavernous malformation, familial intraosseous vascular malformation and verrucous venous malformation. The clinicopathological features and the molecular basis of each entity are reviewed.
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Riolo G, Ricci C, Battistini S. Molecular Genetic Features of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCM) Patients: An Overall View from Genes to Endothelial Cells. Cells 2021; 10:704. [PMID: 33810005 PMCID: PMC8005105 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular lesions that affect predominantly microvasculature in the brain and spinal cord. CCM can occur either in sporadic or familial form, characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance and development of multiple lesions throughout the patient's life. Three genes associated with CCM are known: CCM1/KRIT1 (krev interaction trapped 1), CCM2/MGC4607 (encoding a protein named malcavernin), and CCM3/PDCD10 (programmed cell death 10). All the mutations identified in these genes cause a loss of function and compromise the protein functions needed for maintaining the vascular barrier integrity. Loss of function of CCM proteins causes molecular disorganization and dysfunction of endothelial adherens junctions. In this review, we provide an overall vision of the CCM pathology, starting with the genetic bases of the disease, describing the role of the proteins, until we reach the cellular level. Thus, we summarize the genetics of CCM, providing a description of CCM genes and mutation features, provided an updated knowledge of the CCM protein structure and function, and discuss the molecular mechanisms through which CCM proteins may act within endothelial cells, particularly in endothelial barrier maintenance/regulation and in cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefania Battistini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.R.); (C.R.)
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Systems Wide Analysis of CCM Signaling Complex Alterations in CCM-Deficient Models Using Omics Approaches. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2152:325-344. [PMID: 32524563 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0640-7_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Omics research has garnered popularity recently to integrate in-depth analysis of alterations at the molecular level to elucidate observable phenotypes resulting from knockdown/knockout models. Genomics, performed through RNA-seq, allows the user to evaluate alterations at the transcription level, oftentimes more sensitive than other types of analysis, especially when attempting to understand lack of observation of an expected phenotype. Proteomics facilitates an understanding of mechanisms being altered at the translational level allowing for an understanding of multiple layers of regulation occurring, elucidating discrepancies between what is seen at the RNA level compared to what is translated to a functional protein. Here we describe the methods currently being used to evaluate CCM-deficient strains in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVEC), zebrafish embryos as well as in vivo mouse model to evaluate impacts on various signaling cascades resulting from deficiencies in KRIT1 (CCM1), MGC4607 (CCM2), and PDCD10 (CCM3). The integration of data from genomics and proteomics analysis allows for the composition of interactomes, elucidating systems wide impacts resulting from disruption of the CCM signaling complex (CSC).
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Sartages M, Floridia E, García-Colomer M, Iglesias C, Macía M, Peñas P, Couraud PO, Romero IA, Weksler B, Pombo CM, Zalvide J. High Levels of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in CCM3-Deficient Cells Increase Their Susceptibility to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E624. [PMID: 33348877 PMCID: PMC7766026 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular malformations that can be the result of the deficiency of one of the CCM genes. Their only present treatment is surgical removal, which is not always possible, and an alternative pharmacological strategy to eliminate them is actively sought. We have studied the effect of the lack of one of the CCM genes, CCM3, in endothelial and non-endothelial cells. By comparing protein expression in control and CCM3-silenced cells, we found that the levels of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) are higher in CCM3-deficient cells, which adds to the known upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in these cells. Whereas VEGFR2 is upregulated at the mRNA level, EGFR has a prolonged half-life. Inhibition of EGFR family members in CCM3-deficient cells does not revert the known cellular effects of lack of CCM genes, but it induces significantly more apoptosis in CCM3-deficient cells than in control cells. We propose that the susceptibility to tyrosine kinase inhibitors of CCM3-deficient cells can be harnessed to kill the abnormal cells of these lesions and thus treat CCMs pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Sartages
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Ebel Floridia
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
- IQVIA RDS Ireland Limited, Eastpoint Business Park, Estuary House, Fairview, Dublin 3, D03 K7W7 Leinster, Ireland
| | - Mar García-Colomer
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Cristina Iglesias
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Manuel Macía
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Patricia Peñas
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología Hospital Clínico Universitario Santiago, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.M.); (P.P.)
| | | | - Ignacio A. Romero
- Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;
| | - Babette Weksler
- Weill Medical College, Cornell University, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Celia M. Pombo
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Juan Zalvide
- Department of Physiology, Centro Singular de Medicina Molecular e Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS), Instituto Sanitario de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.S.); (E.F.); (M.G.-C.); (C.I.); (C.M.P.)
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Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are neurovascular abnormalities characterized by thin, leaky blood vessels resulting in lesions that predispose to haemorrhages, stroke, epilepsy and focal neurological deficits. CCMs arise due to loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding one of three CCM complex proteins, KRIT1, CCM2 or CCM3. These widely expressed, multi-functional adaptor proteins can assemble into a CCM protein complex and (either alone or in complex) modulate signalling pathways that influence cell adhesion, cell contractility, cytoskeletal reorganization and gene expression. Recent advances, including analysis of the structures and interactions of CCM proteins, have allowed substantial progress towards understanding the molecular bases for CCM protein function and how their disruption leads to disease. Here, we review current knowledge of CCM protein signalling with a focus on three pathways which have generated the most interest—the RhoA–ROCK, MEKK3–MEK5–ERK5–KLF2/4 and cell junctional signalling pathways—but also consider ICAP1-β1 integrin and cdc42 signalling. We discuss emerging links between these pathways and the processes that drive disease pathology and highlight important open questions—key among them is the role of subcellular localization in the control of CCM protein activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie L Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208066, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - David A Calderwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208066, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208066, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Tsata V, Beis D. In Full Force. Mechanotransduction and Morphogenesis during Homeostasis and Tissue Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7040040. [PMID: 33019569 PMCID: PMC7711708 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of form and function have been the focus of numerous studies in the context of development and more recently regeneration. Our understanding on how cells, tissues and organs sense and interpret external cues, such as mechanical forces, is becoming deeper as novel techniques in imaging are applied and the relevant signaling pathways emerge. These cellular responses can be found from bacteria to all multicellular organisms such as plants and animals. In this review, we focus on hemodynamic flow and endothelial shear stress during cardiovascular development and regeneration, where the interactions of morphogenesis and proper function are more prominent. In addition, we address the recent literature on the role of extracellular matrix and fibrotic response during tissue repair and regeneration. Finally, we refer to examples where the integration of multi-disciplinary approaches to understand the biomechanics of cellular responses could be utilized in novel medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Tsata
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (D.B.); Tel.: +3021-0659-7439 (V.T. & D.B.)
| | - Dimitris Beis
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (D.B.); Tel.: +3021-0659-7439 (V.T. & D.B.)
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Ercoli J, Finetti F, Woodby B, Belmonte G, Miracco C, Valacchi G, Trabalzini L. KRIT1 as a possible new player in melanoma aggressiveness. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108483. [PMID: 32735866 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) is a scaffold protein known to form functional complexes with distinct proteins, including Malcavernin, PDCD10, Rap1 and others. It appears involved in several cellular signaling pathways and exerts a protective role against inflammation and oxidative stress. KRIT1 has been studied as a regulator of endothelial cell functions and represents a determinant in the pathogenesis of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM), a cerebrovascular disease characterized by the formation of clusters of abnormally dilated and leaky blood capillaries, which predispose to seizures, neurological deficits and intracerebral hemorrhage. Although KRIT1 is ubiquitously expressed, few studies have described its involvement in pathologies other than CCM including cancer. Cutaneous melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its high metastatic propensity. Despite the numerous efforts made to define the signaling pathways activated during melanoma progression, the molecular mechanisms at the basis of melanoma growth, phenotype plasticity and resistance to therapies are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Ercoli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Finetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy.
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Abou-Fadel J, Smith M, Falahati K, Zhang J. Comparative omics of CCM signaling complex (CSC). Chin Neurosurg J 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 32922933 PMCID: PMC7398211 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-019-0183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), a major neurosurgical condition, characterized by abnormally dilated intracranial capillaries, result in increased susceptibility to stroke. KRIT1 (CCM1), MGC4607 (CCM2), and PDCD10 (CCM3) have been identified as causes of CCMs in which at least one of them is disrupted in most familial cases. Our goal is to identify potential biomarkers and genetic modifiers of CCMs, using a global comparative omics approach across several in vitro studies and multiple in vivo animal models. We hypothesize that through analysis of the CSC utilizing various omics, we can identify potential biomarkers and genetic modifiers, by systemically evaluating effectors and binding partners of the CSC as well as second layer interactors. METHODS We utilize a comparative omics approach analyzing multiple CCMs deficient animal models across nine independent studies at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic levels to dissect alterations in various signaling cascades. RESULTS Our analysis revealed a large set of genes that were validated across multiple independent studies, suggesting an important role for these identified genes in CCM pathogenesis. CONCLUSION This is currently one of the largest comparative omics analysis of CCM deficiencies across multiple models, allowing us to investigate global alterations among multiple signaling cascades involved in both angiogenic and non-angiogenic events and to also identify potential biomarker candidates of CCMs, which can be used for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905 USA
| | - Mark Smith
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905 USA
| | - Kamran Falahati
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905 USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905 USA
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Abou-Fadel J, Vasquez M, Grajeda B, Ellis C, Zhang J. Systems-wide analysis unravels the new roles of CCM signal complex (CSC). Heliyon 2019; 5:e02899. [PMID: 31872111 PMCID: PMC6909108 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are characterized by abnormally dilated intracranial capillaries that result in increased susceptibility to stroke. Three genes have been identified as causes of CCMs; KRIT1 (CCM1), MGC4607 (CCM2) and PDCD10 (CCM3); one of them is disrupted in most CCM cases. It was demonstrated that both CCM1 and CCM3 bind to CCM2 to form a CCM signaling complex (CSC) to modulate angiogenesis. In this report, we deployed both RNA-seq and proteomic analysis of perturbed CSC after depletion of one of three CCM genes to generate interactomes for system-wide studies. Our results demonstrated a unique portrait detailing alterations in angiogenesis and vascular integrity. Interestingly, only in-direct overlapped alterations between RNA and protein levels were detected, supporting the existence of multiple layers of regulation in CSC cascades. Notably, this is the first report identifying that both β4 integrin and CAV1 signaling are downstream of CSC, conveying the angiogenic signaling. Our results provide a global view of signal transduction modulated by the CSC, identifies novel regulatory signaling networks and key cellular factors associated with CSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Mariana Vasquez
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Brian Grajeda
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Cameron Ellis
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
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Li J, Zhao Y, Coleman P, Chen J, Ting KK, Choi JP, Zheng X, Vadas MA, Gamble JR. Low fluid shear stress conditions contribute to activation of cerebral cavernous malformation signalling pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Yu W, Jin H, You Q, Nan D, Huang Y. A novel PDCD10 gene mutation in cerebral cavernous malformations: a case report and review of the literature. J Pain Res 2019; 12:1127-1132. [PMID: 31114296 PMCID: PMC6497854 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s190317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are one of the most common types of vascular malformation, which are featured enlarged and irregular small blood vessels. The cavernous cavities are merely composed of a single layer of endothelial cells and lack other support tissues, such as elastic fibers and smooth muscle, which make them elastic. CCMs may develop in sporadic or familial forms with autosomal dominant inheritance. Mutations have been identified in three genes: KRIT1, MGC4607, and PDCD10. Here, we report a typical case of CCMs in a 44-year-old woman associated with a novel mutation in PDCD10 gene. The patient, diagnosed with CCMs, has been suffering from headache for several months. Analyses of the Whole Exome Sequencing revealed a novel disease-associated mutation in the already known disease-associated PDCD10 gene. This mutation consists a nucleotide deletion (c.212delG) within the exon 4, resulting in premature protein termination (p.S71Tfs*18). This novel mutation significantly enriches the spectrum of mutations responsible for CCMs, providing a new evidence for further clarifying the genotype-phenotype correlations in CCMs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian You
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China
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15
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Rajagopal N, Kawase T, Mohammad AA, Seng LB, Yamada Y, Kato Y. Timing of Surgery and Surgical Strategies in Symptomatic Brainstem Cavernomas: Review of the Literature. Asian J Neurosurg 2019; 14:15-27. [PMID: 30937003 PMCID: PMC6417313 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_158_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Brainstem cavernomas (BSCs) are angiographically occult, benign low flow vascular malformations that pose a significant surgical challenge due to their eloquent location. The present study includes an extensive review of the literature and three illustrative cases of BSC with emphasis on the timing of surgery: surgical approaches, usage of intraoperative monitoring, and complication avoidance. A systematic search was performed using the PubMed database was from January 1, 1999, to June 2018. The relevant articles were reviewed with particular attention to hemorrhage rates, timing of surgery, indications for surgery, surgical approaches, and outcome. Along with this, a retrospective analysis of three cases of symptomatic BSC, who were operated for the same, during the year 2018 in our institute was conducted. All the three patients presented with at least 1 episode of hemorrhage before surgery. Of these, one patient was operated immediately due to altered sensorium whereas the other two were operated after at least 4 weeks of the hemorrhagic episode. The patients who were operated in the subacute phase of bleed were seen to have liquefaction of hematoma, thus providing a good surgical demarcation and thereby reduced surgery-related trauma to the surrounding eloquent structures. Two patients improved neurologically during the immediate postoperative period, whereas one had transient worsening of neurological deficits during the immediate postoperative period in the form of additional cranial nerve palsies which completely improved on follow-up after 2 months. Radical resection is recommended in all patients with symptomatic BSCs. Surgery should be considered after the first or the second episode of hemorrhage as multiple rebleeds can cause exacerbation of deficits and sometimes mortality as well. Considering surgical timing, anywhere between 4 and 6 weeks or the subacute phase of the hemorrhage is considered appropriate. The aims of surgical intervention must be to improve preoperative function, minimize surgical morbidity and to reduce hemorrhagic rates. In spite of the significant surgical morbidity associated with BSCs, appropriate patient selection, meticulous surgical planning with adjuncts such as intraoperative monitoring and neuronavigation will go a long way in avoidance of major postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjana Rajagopal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Tsukasa Kawase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Liew Boon Seng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sungai Buloh Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoko Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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16
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Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are manifested by microvascular lesions characterized by leaky endothelial cells with minimal intervening parenchyma predominantly in the central nervous system predisposed to hemorrhagic stroke, resulting in focal neurological defects. Till date, three proteins are implicated in this condition: CCM1 (KRIT1), CCM2 (MGC4607), and CCM3 (PDCD10). These multi-domain proteins form a protein complex via CCM2 that function as a docking site for the CCM signaling complex, which modulates many signaling pathways. Defects in the formation of this signaling complex have been shown to affect a wide range of cellular processes including cell-cell contact stability, vascular angiogenesis, oxidative damage protection and multiple biogenic events. In this review we provide an update on recent advances in structure and function of these CCM proteins, especially focusing on the signaling cascades involved in CCM pathogenesis and the resultant CCM cellular phenotypes in the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Padarti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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17
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Thomas C, Zühlsdorf A, Hörtnagel K, Mulahasanovic L, Grauer OM, Kümpers P, Wiendl H, Meuth SG. A Novel PKD1 Mutation Associated With Autosomal Dominant Kidney Disease and Cerebral Cavernous Malformation. Front Neurol 2018; 9:383. [PMID: 29887830 PMCID: PMC5980969 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of renal cysts and specific extrarenal abnormalities. ADPKD is caused by mutations in either PKD1 or PKD2 genes that encode for integral membrane proteins Polycystin-1 (PC1) and Polycystin-2 (PC2), respectively. Extrarenal involvement includes noncystic manifestations such as dilatation of the aortic root, artery dissection and intracranial aneurysms. Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a rare vascular malformation disorder characterized by closely clustered and irregularly dilated capillaries that can be asymptomatic or cause variable neurological manifestations, such as seizures, non-specific headaches, progressive or transient focal neurologic deficits, and cerebral hemorrhages. Familial CCM is typically associated with mutations in KRIT1 (CCM1), CCM2, and PDCD10 (CCM3). The co-occurrence of ADPKD and CCM has been previously described in a single patient, although genetic analysis was not performed in this study. We report here a family with ADPKD associated with CCM in two sisters. Direct sequencing of the index patient revealed a single novel heterozygous frameshift mutation in PKD1, and lack of mutations in genes usually related to CCM. This suggests that CCM represents an additional phenotype of ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Thomas
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andrea Zühlsdorf
- Department of General Pediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Oliver M Grauer
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Kümpers
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Clinic of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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18
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Takada S, Hojo M, Tanigaki K, Miyamoto S. Contribution of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to the Pathogenesis of Human Cerebral and Orbital Cavernous Malformations. Neurosurgery 2018; 81:176-183. [PMID: 28368503 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of gene-targeted mouse mutants has demonstrated that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is crucial to the onset and progression of cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs). It has also been shown that Notch and ephrin/Eph signaling are involved in EndMT. However, their roles in the pathogenesis of human intracranial CMs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the contribution of EndMT, the Notch pathway, and ephrin-B2/EphB4 signaling to the pathogenesis of human intracranial CMs. METHODS Eight human intracranial CMs (5 cerebral and 3 orbital CMs) were immunohistochemically investigated. RESULTS CD31 (an endothelial marker) and EndMT markers, such as α-smooth muscle actin (a mesenchymal marker) and CD44 (a mesenchymal stem cell marker), were expressed in the endothelial layer of vascular sinusoids in all cases, suggesting that endothelial cells (ECs) have acquired mesenchymal and stem-cell-like characteristics and undergone EndMT in all cerebral and orbital CMs. EndMT was observed in about 70% and 35% of ECs in cerebral and orbital CMs, respectively. In all cases, Notch3 was expressed in the endothelial layer, indicating that ECs of vascular sinusoids have acquired mesenchymal features. In all cases, both ephrin-B2 and EphB4 were detected in the endothelial layer, suggesting that ECs of vascular sinusoids are immature or malformed cells and have both arterial and venous characteristics. CONCLUSION EndMT plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of human cerebral and orbital CMs. Modulating EndMT is expected to be a new therapeutic strategy for cerebral and orbital CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Takada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Institute, Shiga Medical Center, Shiga, Japan
| | - Masato Hojo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga Medical Center for Adults, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Susumu Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Xie MG, Li D, Guo FZ, Zhang LW, Zhang JT, Wu Z, Meng GL, Xiao XR. Brainstem Cavernous Malformations: Surgical Indications Based on Natural History and Surgical Outcomes. World Neurosurg 2018; 110:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.10.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Lisowska J, Rödel CJ, Manet S, Miroshnikova YA, Boyault C, Planus E, De Mets R, Lee HH, Destaing O, Mertani H, Boulday G, Tournier-Lasserve E, Balland M, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Albiges-Rizo C, Faurobert E. Cerebral Cavernous Malformation 1/2 complex controls ROCK1 and ROCK2 complementary functions for endothelial integrity. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.216093. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.216093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial integrity relies on a mechanical crosstalk between intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. This cross-talk is compromised in hemorrhagic vascular lesions of patients carrying loss-of-function mutations in CCM genes. RhoA/ROCK-dependent cytoskeletal remodeling is central to the disease as it causes unbalanced cell adhesion towards increased cell-extracellular matrix adhesions and destabilized cell-cell junctions. Our study reveals that CCM proteins directly orchestrate ROCK1 and ROCK2 complementary roles on the mechanics of the endothelium. CCM proteins act as a scaffold promoting ROCK2 interactions with VE-cadherin and limiting ROCK1 kinase activity. Loss of CCM1 produces excessive ROCK1-dependent actin stress fibers and destabilizes intercellular junctions. Silencing of ROCK1 but not ROCK2 restores the adhesive and mechanical homeostasis of CCM1/2-depleted endothelial monolayers and rescues cardiovascular defects of ccm1 mutant zebrafish embryos. Conversely, knocking down of Rock2 but not Rock1 in WT zebrafish embryos generates defects reminiscent of the ccm1 mutant phenotypes. Our study uncovers the role of the CCM complex in controlling ROCK1 and ROCK2 to preserve endothelial integrity and drive heart morphogenesis. Moreover, it identifies solely the ROCK1 isoform as therapeutic target for the CCM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Lisowska
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Claudia Jasmin Rödel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sandra Manet
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Yekaterina A. Miroshnikova
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Cyril Boyault
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Emmanuelle Planus
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Richard De Mets
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5588 LIPhy, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Hsiao-Hui Lee
- Department of Life Sciences & Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Olivier Destaing
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Hichem Mertani
- INSERM UMR 1052, CNRS 5286 CRCL Centre Léon Bérard F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Gwénola Boulday
- INSERM, UMR-S1161, Paris, F-75010, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S1161, Paris, F-75010, France
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisiere-Fernand-Widal, Paris, F-75010, France
| | - Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
- INSERM, UMR-S1161, Paris, F-75010, France
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S1161, Paris, F-75010, France
- AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisiere-Fernand-Widal, Paris, F-75010, France
| | - Martial Balland
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5588 LIPhy, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Potsdam University, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Corinne Albiges-Rizo
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Eva Faurobert
- INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, F-38700 La Tronche, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France
- CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences F-38700 La Tronche, France
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21
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Gwinner F, Boulday G, Vandiedonck C, Arnould M, Cardoso C, Nikolayeva I, Guitart-Pla O, Denis CV, Christophe OD, Beghain J, Tournier-Lasserve E, Schwikowski B. Network-based analysis of omics data: the LEAN method. Bioinformatics 2017; 33:701-709. [PMID: 27797778 PMCID: PMC5408824 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Most computational approaches for the analysis of omics data in the context of interaction networks have very long running times, provide single or partial, often heuristic, solutions and/or contain user-tuneable parameters. Results We introduce local enrichment analysis (LEAN) for the identification of dysregulated subnetworks from genome-wide omics datasets. By substituting the common subnetwork model with a simpler local subnetwork model, LEAN allows exact, parameter-free, efficient and exhaustive identification of local subnetworks that are statistically dysregulated, and directly implicates single genes for follow-up experiments. Evaluation on simulated and biological data suggests that LEAN generally detects dysregulated subnetworks better, and reflects biological similarity between experiments more clearly than standard approaches. A strong signal for the local subnetwork around Von Willebrand Factor (VWF), a gene which showed no change on the mRNA level, was identified by LEAN in transcriptome data in the context of the genetic disease Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCM). This signal was experimentally found to correspond to an unexpected strong cellular effect on the VWF protein. LEAN can be used to pinpoint statistically significant local subnetworks in any genome-scale dataset. Availability and Implementation The R-package LEANR implementing LEAN is supplied as supplementary material and available on CRAN (https://cran.r-project.org). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Gwinner
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U1161, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Gwénola Boulday
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U1161, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Claire Vandiedonck
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 958, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U958, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Minh Arnould
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U1161, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Cardoso
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U1161, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Iryna Nikolayeva
- Systems Biology Lab, C3BI, USR 3756, Institut Pasteur/CNRS, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France.,Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France.,Univ Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Oriol Guitart-Pla
- Systems Biology Lab, C3BI, USR 3756, Institut Pasteur/CNRS, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Cécile V Denis
- Unité 1176, INSERM, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Olivier D Christophe
- Unité 1176, INSERM, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Johann Beghain
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France.,Genetics and Genomics of Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
- Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMRS 1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,INSERM, U1161, F-75010 Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Benno Schwikowski
- Systems Biology Lab, C3BI, USR 3756, Institut Pasteur/CNRS, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
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22
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de Vos IJHM, Vreeburg M, Koek GH, van Steensel MAM. Review of familial cerebral cavernous malformations and report of seven additional families. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:338-351. [PMID: 27792856 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations are vascular anomalies of the central nervous system characterized by clusters of enlarged, leaky capillaries. They are caused by loss-of-function mutations in KRIT1, CCM2, or PDCD10. The proteins encoded by these genes are involved in four partially interconnected signaling pathways that control angiogenesis and endothelial permeability. Cerebral cavernous malformations can occur sporadically, or as a familial autosomal dominant disorder (FCCM) with incomplete clinical and neuroradiological penetrance and great inter-individual variability. Although the clinical course is unpredictable, symptoms typically present during adult life and include headaches, focal neurological deficits, seizures, and potentially fatal stroke. In addition to neural lesions, extraneural cavernous malformations have been described in familial disease in several tissues, in particular the skin. We here present seven novel FCCM families with neurologic and cutaneous lesions. We review histopathological and clinical features and provide an update on the pathophysiology of cerebral cavernous malformations and associated cutaneous vascular lesions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J H M de Vos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maaike Vreeburg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ger H Koek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice A M van Steensel
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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23
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Huang WQ, Lu CX, Zhang Y, Yi KH, Cai LL, Li ML, Wang H, Lin Q, Tzeng CM. A Novel CCM2 Gene Mutation Associated with Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformation. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:220. [PMID: 27708576 PMCID: PMC5030299 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are common vascular malformations that predominantly arise in the central nervous system and are mainly characterized by enlarged vascular cavities without intervening brain parenchyma. Familial CCMs (FCCMs) is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with incomplete penetrance and variable symptoms. Methods: Mutations of three pathogenic genes, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, were investigated by direct DNA sequencing in a Chinese family with multiple CCM lesions. Results: Four heterozygous variants in the CCM2 gene, including one deletion (c.95delC), a missense mutation (c.358G>A, p.V120I), one silent mutation (c.915G>A, p.T305T), and a substitution (c. *1452 T>C), were identified in the subjects with multiple CCM lesions, but not in a healthy sibling. Among these variants, the c.95delC deletion is a novel mutation which is expected to cause a premature termination codon. It is predicted to produce a truncated CCM2 protein lacking the PTB and C-terminal domains, thus disrupting the molecular functions of CCM2. Conclusions: The novel truncating mutation in the CCM2 gene, c.95delC, may be responsible for multiple CCM lesions in a part of FCCM. In addition, it may represent a potential genetic biomarker for early diagnosis of FCCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Huang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China
| | - Cong-Xia Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Xiamen, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China
| | - Ke-Hui Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; The First Clinical College of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou, China
| | - Liang-Liang Cai
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China
| | - Ming-Li Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China
| | - Han Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China
| | - Chi-Meng Tzeng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, China; Key Laboratory for Cancer T-Cell Theranostics and Clinical TranslationXiamen, China; INNOVA Cell: TDx/Clinics and TRANSLATE Health GroupYangzhou, China
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24
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Dammann P, Wrede K, Zhu Y, Matsushige T, Maderwald S, Umutlu L, Quick HH, Hehr U, Rath M, Ladd ME, Felbor U, Sure U. Correlation of the venous angioarchitecture of multiple cerebral cavernous malformations with familial or sporadic disease: a susceptibility-weighted imaging study with 7-Tesla MRI. J Neurosurg 2016; 126:570-577. [PMID: 27153162 DOI: 10.3171/2016.2.jns152322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are rare lesions that occur in sporadic or familial form. Depending on the disease form, the natural history and treatment of the lesions strongly vary. Molecular analysis of an underlying germline mutation (CCM1-3) is the most sensitive screening method to distinguish between sporadic and familial cases. However, based on the different pathomechanisms that are believed to be involved in either form, significant distinctions in the CCM-associated cerebral venous angioarchitecture should be detectable. This has not been systematically studied. METHODS A consecutive series of 28 patients with multiple CCMs (681 total) diagnosed on 1.5-T MRI underwent genetic screening for CCM1-3 mutations and high-resolution susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) of the cerebral venous angioarchitecture with 7-T MRI. Imaging data were analyzed to examine the CCM-associated venous angioarchitecture. Results were correlated with findings of molecular analysis for CCM1-3 mutations. RESULTS Two different SWI patterns (sporadic and familial) were found. The presence of associated developmental venous anomalies correlated with negative screening for germline mutations (11 sporadic) in all cases. All patients with confirmed familial disease showed normal underlying venous angioarchitecture. Additionally, a very unusual case of a probable somatic mutation is presented. CONCLUSIONS The SWI results of the venous angioarchitecture of multiple CCMs correlate with sporadic or familial disease. These results are consistent with the theory that venous anomalies are causative for the sporadic form of multiple CCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Toshinori Matsushige
- Department of Neurosurgery.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Stefan Maderwald
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Lale Umutlu
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, and.,Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Harald H Quick
- High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen.,Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen
| | - Ute Hehr
- Center for and Department of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg
| | - Matthias Rath
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald
| | - Mark E Ladd
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen.,Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | - Ute Felbor
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medicine Greifswald and Interfaculty Institute of Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald
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25
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Haasdijk RA, Den Dekker WK, Cheng C, Tempel D, Szulcek R, Bos FL, Hermkens DMA, Chrifi I, Brandt MM, Van Dijk C, Xu YJ, Van De Kamp EHM, Blonden LAJ, Van Bezu J, Sluimer JC, Biessen EAL, Van Nieuw Amerongen GP, Duckers HJ. THSD1 preserves vascular integrity and protects against intraplaque haemorrhaging in ApoE-/- mice. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 110:129-39. [PMID: 26822228 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Impairment of the endothelial barrier leads to microvascular breakdown in cardiovascular disease and is involved in intraplaque haemorrhaging and the progression of advanced atherosclerotic lesions that are vulnerable to rupture. The exact mechanism that regulates vascular integrity requires further definition. Using a microarray screen for angiogenesis-associated genes during murine embryogenesis, we identified thrombospondin type I domain 1 (THSD1) as a new putative angiopotent factor with unknown biological function. We sought to characterize the role of THSD1 in endothelial cells during vascular development and cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Functional knockdown of Thsd1 in zebrafish embryos and in a murine retina vascularization model induced severe haemorrhaging without affecting neovascular growth. In human carotid endarterectomy specimens, THSD1 expression by endothelial cells was detected in advanced atherosclerotic lesions with intraplaque haemorrhaging, but was absent in stable lesions, implying involvement of THSD1 in neovascular bleeding. In vitro, stimulation with pro-atherogenic factors (3% O2 and TNFα) decreased THSD1 expression in human endothelial cells, whereas stimulation with an anti-atherogenic factor (IL10) showed opposite effect. Therapeutic evaluation in a murine advanced atherosclerosis model showed that Thsd1 overexpression decreased plaque vulnerability by attenuating intraplaque vascular leakage, subsequently reducing macrophage accumulation and necrotic core size. Mechanistic studies in human endothelial cells demonstrated that THSD1 activates FAK-PI3K, leading to Rac1-mediated actin cytoskeleton regulation of adherens junctions and focal adhesion assembly. CONCLUSION THSD1 is a new regulator of endothelial barrier function during vascular development and protects intraplaque microvessels against haemorrhaging in advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remco A Haasdijk
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wijnand K Den Dekker
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Regenerative Vascular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3584 CX Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Tempel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Szulcek
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank L Bos
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien M A Hermkens
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ihsan Chrifi
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Regenerative Vascular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3584 CX Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten M Brandt
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Regenerative Vascular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3584 CX Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Van Dijk
- Regenerative Vascular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3584 CX Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yan Juan Xu
- Regenerative Vascular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, PO Box 85500, 3584 CX Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lau A J Blonden
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van Bezu
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith C Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Geerten P Van Nieuw Amerongen
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus J Duckers
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Eisa-Beygi S, El-Rass S. Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Potential Mechanisms. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 25:496. [PMID: 26698641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Eisa-Beygi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Suzan El-Rass
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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27
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ANKS1B Interacts with the Cerebral Cavernous Malformation Protein-1 and Controls Endothelial Permeability but Not Sprouting Angiogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145304. [PMID: 26698571 PMCID: PMC4699217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations are fragile blood vessel conglomerates in the central nervous system that are caused by mutations in the CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2 or CCM3 genes. The gene products form a protein complex at adherens junctions and loss of either CCM protein disrupts endothelial cell quiescence leading to increased permeability and excessive angiogenesis. We performed a yeast 2-hybrid screen to identify novel proteins directly interacting with KRIT1. The ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 1B (ANKS1B) was identified as a novel binding partner of KRIT1. Silencing of ANKS1B or the related gene ANKS1A in primary human endothelial cells had no significant effects on cellular proliferation, migration and sprouting angiogenesis. However, silencing of ANKS1B expression disturbed endothelial cell barrier functions leading to increased permeability. Forced ANKS1B expression reduced permeability. This was independent of Rho kinase activity and the presence of KRIT1. Taken together, ANKS1B was identified as a novel KRIT1-interacting protein that selectively controls endothelial permeability but not angiogenesis.
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28
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Yaba A, Ordueri NEG, Tanriover G, Sahin P, Demir N, Celik-Ozenci C. Expression of CCM2 and CCM3 during mouse gonadogenesis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1497-507. [PMID: 26386873 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0559-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Three cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) proteins, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, regulate cell-cell adhesion, cell shape and polarity, and most likely cell adhesion to extracellular matrix. Recently, CCM2 and CCM3 are known to be expressed in control and varicocele-induced rat testes, but little is known about these proteins during gonadogenesis. This led us to study the CCM proteins during the mouse gonadogenesis. METHODS Neonatal (PND 0), postnatal, and adult mice testes and ovaries were obtained from mice. CCM2 and CCM3 expression were analyzed during mouse testicular and ovarian development by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS The results showed that in both sexes, Ccm2 and Ccm3 mRNA and protein were first detectable after gonadogenesis when the gonads were well differentiated and remained present until the adult stage. In the testis, CCM2 and CCM3 expression were restricted to the nuclei of Sertoli cells, suggesting a conserved role in testicular differentiation. In the ovary, the CCM2 and CCM3 proteins were localized in the cytoplasm of oocytes, suggesting an unexpected role during oogenesis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that expression of Ccm2 and Ccm3 genes could play a role in the regulation of mouse gonadogenesis translational activation upon testicular and ovarian development. CONCLUSIONS The localization of CCM2 and CCM3 proteins show their different functions for CCM2 and CCM3 which may have important roles in testicular and ovarian differentiation. In conclusion, CCM2 and CCM3 may be involved in establishing the differential expression pattern in developing mouse testis and ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Yaba
- Department of Histology and Embryology, İstanbul Medipol University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - N Ece Gungor Ordueri
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070 Campus, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanriover
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070 Campus, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Pinar Sahin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070 Campus, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Necdet Demir
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070 Campus, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ciler Celik-Ozenci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, 07070 Campus, Antalya, Turkey.
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29
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Parnas O, Jovanovic M, Eisenhaure TM, Herbst RH, Dixit A, Ye CJ, Przybylski D, Platt RJ, Tirosh I, Sanjana NE, Shalem O, Satija R, Raychowdhury R, Mertins P, Carr SA, Zhang F, Hacohen N, Regev A. A Genome-wide CRISPR Screen in Primary Immune Cells to Dissect Regulatory Networks. Cell 2015; 162:675-86. [PMID: 26189680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Finding the components of cellular circuits and determining their functions systematically remains a major challenge in mammalian cells. Here, we introduced genome-wide pooled CRISPR-Cas9 libraries into dendritic cells (DCs) to identify genes that control the induction of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf) by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key process in the host response to pathogens, mediated by the Tlr4 pathway. We found many of the known regulators of Tlr4 signaling, as well as dozens of previously unknown candidates that we validated. By measuring protein markers and mRNA profiles in DCs that are deficient in known or candidate genes, we classified the genes into three functional modules with distinct effects on the canonical responses to LPS and highlighted functions for the PAF complex and oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. Our findings uncover new facets of innate immune circuits in primary cells and provide a genetic approach for dissection of mammalian cell circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Parnas
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Marko Jovanovic
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas M Eisenhaure
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Rebecca H Herbst
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Atray Dixit
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chun Jimmie Ye
- Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Randall J Platt
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Itay Tirosh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Neville E Sanjana
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ophir Shalem
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rahul Satija
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, USA; New York University, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | | | - Philipp Mertins
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02114.
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
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30
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Lagendijk AK, Yap AS, Hogan BM. Endothelial cell-cell adhesion during zebrafish vascular development. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 8:136-45. [PMID: 24621476 DOI: 10.4161/cam.28229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate vasculature is an essential organ network with major roles in health and disease. The establishment of balanced cell-cell adhesion in the endothelium is crucial for the functionality of the vascular system. Furthermore, the correct patterning and integration of vascular endothelial cell-cell adhesion drives the morphogenesis of new vessels, and is thought to couple physical forces with signaling outcomes during development. Here, we review insights into this process that have come from studies in zebrafish. First, we describe mutants in which endothelial adhesion is perturbed, second we describe recent progress using in vivo cell biological approaches that allow the visualization of endothelial cell-cell junctions. These studies underline the profound potential of this model system to dissect in great detail the function of both known and novel regulators of endothelial cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Lagendijk
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience; The University of Queensland;Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alpha S Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience; The University of Queensland;Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Hogan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience; The University of Queensland;Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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31
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Wang X, Hou Y, Deng K, Zhang Y, Wang DC, Ding J. Structural Insights into the Molecular Recognition between Cerebral Cavernous Malformation 2 and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 3. Structure 2015; 23:1087-96. [PMID: 25982527 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformation 2 (CCM2) functions as an adaptor protein implicated in various biological processes. By interacting with the mitogen-activated protein kinase MEKK3, CCM2 either mediates the activation of MEKK3 signaling in response to osmotic stress or negatively regulates MEKK3 signaling, which is important for normal cardiovascular development. However, the molecular basis governing CCM2-MEKK3 interaction is largely unknown. Here we report the crystal structure of the CCM2 C-terminal part (CCM2ct) containing both the five-helix domain (CCM2cts) and the following C-terminal tail. The end of the C-terminal tail forms an isolated helix, which interacts intramolecularly with CCM2cts. By biochemical studies we identified the N-terminal amphiphilic helix of MEKK3 (MEKK3-nhelix) as the essential structural element for CCM2ct binding. We further determined the crystal structure of CCM2cts-MEKK3-nhelix complex, in which MEKK3-nhelix binds to the same site of CCM2cts for CCM2ct intramolecular interaction. These findings build a structural framework for understanding CCM2ct-MEKK3 molecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Hou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Deng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Cheng Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingjin Ding
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Bond LM, Sellers JR, McKerracher L. Rho kinase as a target for cerebral vascular disorders. Future Med Chem 2015; 7:1039-53. [PMID: 26062400 PMCID: PMC4656981 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel pharmaceutical treatments for disorders of the cerebral vasculature is a serious unmet medical need. These vascular disorders are typified by a disruption in the delicate Rho signaling equilibrium within the blood vessel wall. In particular, Rho kinase overactivation in the smooth muscle and endothelial layers of the vessel wall results in cytoskeletal modifications that lead to reduced vascular integrity and abnormal vascular growth. Rho kinase is thus a promising target for the treatment of cerebral vascular disorders. Indeed, preclinical studies indicate that Rho kinase inhibition may reduce the formation/growth/rupture of both intracranial aneurysms and cerebral cavernous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Bond
- BioAxone BioSciences, Inc., 10 Rogers Street, Suite 101, Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James R Sellers
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lisa McKerracher
- BioAxone BioSciences, Inc., 10 Rogers Street, Suite 101, Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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33
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Renz M, Otten C, Faurobert E, Rudolph F, Zhu Y, Boulday G, Duchene J, Mickoleit M, Dietrich AC, Ramspacher C, Steed E, Manet-Dupé S, Benz A, Hassel D, Vermot J, Huisken J, Tournier-Lasserve E, Felbor U, Sure U, Albiges-Rizo C, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. Regulation of β1 Integrin-Klf2-Mediated Angiogenesis by CCM Proteins. Dev Cell 2015; 32:181-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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34
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Yang YJ, Liu ZS, Lu SY, Li C, Hu P, Li YS, Liu NN, Tang F, Xu YM, Zhang JH, Li ZH, Feng XL, Zhou Y, Ren HL. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of programmed cell death 10 from sheep (Ovis aries). Gene 2014; 558:65-74. [PMID: 25541025 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10) is a highly conserved adaptor protein. Its mutations result in cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). In this study, PDCD10 cDNA from the buffy coat of Small Tail Han sheep (Ovis aries) was cloned from a suppression subtractive hybridization cDNA library, named OaPDCD10. The full-length cDNA of OaPDCD10 was 1343bp with a 639bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 212 amino acid residues. Tissue distribution of OaPDCD10 mRNA determined that it was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissue samples, and the highest expression was observed in the heart. The differential expression of OaPDCD10 between infected sheep (challenged with Brucella melitensis) and vaccinated sheep (vaccinated with Brucella suis S2) was also investigated. The results revealed that, compared to the control group, the expression of OaPDCD10 from infected and vaccinated sheep was both significantly up-regulated (p<0.05). Moreover, the expression levels of OaPDCD10 from the vaccinated sheep were significantly higher than the infected sheep (p<0.05) after 30days post-inoculation. The recombinant OaPDCD10 (rOaPDCD10) protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), and then purified by affinity chromatography. The rOaPDCD10 protein was demonstrated to induce apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Our studies are intended to discover potential diagnostic biomarkers of brucellosis to discern infected sheep from vaccinated sheep, and OaPDCD10 could be considered as a potential diagnostic biomarker of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zeng-Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Shi-Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Nan-Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Yun-Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Department of Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xiao-Li Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hong-Lin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Macek Jilkova Z, Lisowska J, Manet S, Verdier C, Deplano V, Geindreau C, Faurobert E, Albigès-Rizo C, Duperray A. CCM proteins control endothelial β1 integrin dependent response to shear stress. Biol Open 2014; 3:1228-35. [PMID: 25432514 PMCID: PMC4265761 DOI: 10.1242/bio.201410132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic shear stress from blood flow on the endothelium critically regulates vascular function in many physiological and pathological situations. Endothelial cells adapt to shear stress by remodeling their cytoskeletal components and subsequently by changing their shape and orientation. We demonstrate that β1 integrin activation is critically controlled during the mechanoresponse of endothelial cells to shear stress. Indeed, we show that overexpression of the CCM complex, an inhibitor of β1 integrin activation, blocks endothelial actin rearrangement and cell reorientation in response to shear stress similarly to β1 integrin silencing. Conversely, depletion of CCM2 protein leads to an elongated “shear-stress-like” phenotype even in the absence of flow. Taken together, our findings reveal the existence of a balance between positive extracellular and negative intracellular signals, i.e. shear stress and CCM complex, for the control of β1 integrin activation and subsequent adaptation of vascular endothelial cells to mechanostimulation by fluid shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Justyna Lisowska
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS ERL 5284, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Sandra Manet
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS ERL 5284, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Claude Verdier
- CNRS/Université Grenoble 1, LIPhy, UMR 5588, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Valerie Deplano
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, IRPHE UMR 7342, F-13384, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Geindreau
- CNRS UMR5521, 3SR, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, F-38042, France
| | - Eva Faurobert
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS ERL 5284, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Albigès-Rizo
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France CNRS ERL 5284, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Duperray
- INSERM, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut Albert Bonniot, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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PDCD10 gene mutations in multiple cerebral cavernous malformations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110438. [PMID: 25354366 PMCID: PMC4212902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular abnormalities that may cause seizures, intracerebral haemorrhages, and focal neurological deficits. Familial form shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with incomplete penetrance and variable clinical expression. Three genes have been identified causing familial CCM: KRIT1/CCM1, MGC4607/CCM2, and PDCD10/CCM3. Aim of this study is to report additional PDCD10/CCM3 families poorly described so far which account for 10-15% of hereditary cerebral cavernous malformations. Our group investigated 87 consecutive Italian affected individuals (i.e. positive Magnetic Resonance Imaging) with multiple/familial CCM through direct sequencing and Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) analysis. We identified mutations in over 97.7% of cases, and PDCD10/CCM3 accounts for 13.1%. PDCD10/CCM3 molecular screening revealed four already known mutations and four novel ones. The mutated patients show an earlier onset of clinical manifestations as compared to CCM1/CCM2 mutated patients. The study of further families carrying mutations in PDCD10/CCM3 may help define a possible correlation between genotype and phenotype; an accurate clinical follow up of the subjects would help define more precisely whether mutations in PDCD10/CCM3 lead to a characteristic phenotype.
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Richardson BT, Dibble CF, Borikova AL, Johnson GL. Cerebral cavernous malformation is a vascular disease associated with activated RhoA signaling. Biol Chem 2014; 394:35-42. [PMID: 23096573 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2012-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) involves the homozygous inactivating mutations of one of three genes, ccm1, -2, or -3 resulting in hyperpermeable blood vessels in the brain. The CCM1, -2, and -3 proteins form a complex to organize the signaling networks controlling endothelial cell physiology including actin dynamics, tube formation, and adherens junctions. The common biochemical defect with the loss of CCM1, -2, or -3 is increased RhoA activity leading to the activation of Rho-associated coiled coil-forming kinase (ROCK). Inhibition of the ROCK rescues CCM endothelial cell dysfunction, suggesting that the inhibition of RhoA-ROCK signaling may be a therapeutic strategy to prevent or arrest the progression of the CCM lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan T Richardson
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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38
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Stiegler AL, Zhang R, Liu W, Boggon TJ. Structural determinants for binding of sorting nexin 17 (SNX17) to the cytoplasmic adaptor protein Krev interaction trapped 1 (KRIT1). J Biol Chem 2014; 289:25362-73. [PMID: 25059659 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.584011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorting nexin 17 (SNX17) is a member of the family of cytoplasmic sorting nexin adaptor proteins that regulate endosomal trafficking of cell surface proteins. SNX17 localizes to early endosomes where it directly binds NPX(Y/F) motifs in the cytoplasmic tails of its target receptors to mediate their rates of endocytic internalization, recycling, and/or degradation. SNX17 has also been implicated in mediating cell signaling and can interact with cytoplasmic proteins. KRIT1 (Krev interaction trapped 1), a cytoplasmic adaptor protein associated with cerebral cavernous malformations, has previously been shown to interact with SNX17. Here, we demonstrate that SNX17 indeed binds directly to KRIT1 and map the binding to the second Asn-Pro-Xaa-Tyr/Phe (NPX(Y/F)) motif in KRIT1. We further characterize the interaction as being mediated by the FERM domain of SNX17. We present the co-crystal structure of SNX17-FERM with the KRIT1-NPXF2 peptide to 3.0 Å resolution and demonstrate that the interaction is highly similar in structure and binding affinity to that between SNX17 and P-selectin. We verify the molecular details of the interaction by site-directed mutagenesis and pulldown assay and thereby confirm that the major binding site for SNX17 is confined to the NPXF2 motif in KRIT1. Taken together, our results verify a direct interaction between SNX17 and KRIT1 and classify KRIT1 as a SNX17 binding partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Stiegler
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Rong Zhang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Weizhi Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Titus J Boggon
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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Walcott BP, Peterson RT. Zebrafish models of cerebrovascular disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:571-7. [PMID: 24517974 PMCID: PMC3982096 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations in cerebral blood flow and abnormalities in blood vessel structure are the hallmarks of cerebrovascular disease. While there are many genetic and environmental factors that affect these entities through a heterogeneous group of disease processes, the ultimate final pathologic insult in humans is defined as a stroke, or damage to brain parenchyma. In the case of ischemic stroke, blood fails to reach its target destination whereas in hemorrhagic stroke, extravasation of blood occurs outside of the blood vessel lumen, resulting in direct damage to brain parenchyma. As these acute events can be neurologically devastating, if not fatal, development of novel therapeutics are urgently needed. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an attractive model for the study of cerebrovascular disease because of its morphological and physiological similarity to human cerebral vasculature, its ability to be genetically manipulated, and its fecundity allowing for large-scale, phenotype-based screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Walcott
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Marzo S, Galimberti V, Biggiogera M. Unexpected distribution of KRIT1 inside the nucleus: new insight in a complex molecular pathway. Eur J Histochem 2014; 58:2358. [PMID: 24705002 PMCID: PMC3980215 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2014.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
KRIT1 is an 84kDa protein that lacks any relevant catalytic domains, associated with the cerebral cavernous malformation disease. We have investigated by means of ultrastructural immunocytochemistry the nuclear distribution of KRIT1 in different cell lines, revealing its unexpected localization on actively transcribing nuclear domains such as the perichromatin fibrils and the nucleolar dense fibrillar component. These preliminary data indicate a still undescribed and unknown role for KRIT1 inside the nucleus.
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Hwang J, Pallas DC. STRIPAK complexes: structure, biological function, and involvement in human diseases. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 47:118-48. [PMID: 24333164 PMCID: PMC3927685 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian striatin family consists of three proteins, striatin, S/G2 nuclear autoantigen, and zinedin. Striatin family members have no intrinsic catalytic activity, but rather function as scaffolding proteins. Remarkably, they organize multiple diverse, large signaling complexes that participate in a variety of cellular processes. Moreover, they appear to be regulatory/targeting subunits for the major eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A. In addition, striatin family members associate with germinal center kinase III kinases as well as other novel components, earning these assemblies the name striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes. Recently, there has been a great increase in functional and mechanistic studies aimed at identifying and understanding the roles of STRIPAK and STRIPAK-like complexes in cellular processes of multiple organisms. These studies have identified novel STRIPAK and STRIPAK-like complexes and have explored their roles in specific signaling pathways. Together, the results of these studies have sparked increased interest in striatin family complexes because they have revealed roles in signaling, cell cycle control, apoptosis, vesicular trafficking, Golgi assembly, cell polarity, cell migration, neural and vascular development, and cardiac function. Moreover, STRIPAK complexes have been connected to clinical conditions, including cardiac disease, diabetes, autism, and cerebral cavernous malformation. In this review, we discuss the expression, localization, and protein domain structure of striatin family members. Then we consider the diverse complexes these proteins and their homologs form in various organisms, emphasizing what is known regarding function and regulation. Finally, we explore possible roles of striatin family complexes in disease, especially cerebral cavernous malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Winship Cancer Institute, and Biochemistry, Cell, Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - David C Pallas
- Department of Biochemistry and Winship Cancer Institute, and Biochemistry, Cell, Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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42
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Draheim KM, Fisher OS, Boggon TJ, Calderwood DA. Cerebral cavernous malformation proteins at a glance. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:701-7. [PMID: 24481819 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.138388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding KRIT1 (also known as CCM1), CCM2 (also known as OSM and malcavernin) or PDCD10 (also known as CCM3) cause cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). These abnormalities are characterized by dilated leaky blood vessels, especially in the neurovasculature, that result in increased risk of stroke, focal neurological defects and seizures. The three CCM proteins can exist in a trimeric complex, and each of these essential multi-domain adaptor proteins also interacts with a range of signaling, cytoskeletal and adaptor proteins, presumably accounting for their roles in a range of basic cellular processes including cell adhesion, migration, polarity and apoptosis. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we provide an overview of current models of CCM protein function focusing on how known protein-protein interactions might contribute to cellular phenotypes and highlighting gaps in our current understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Draheim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8066, USA
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Mondéjar R, Solano F, Rubio R, Delgado M, Pérez-Sempere Á, González-Meneses A, Vendrell T, Izquierdo G, Martinez-Mir A, Lucas M. Mutation prevalence of cerebral cavernous malformation genes in Spanish patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86286. [PMID: 24466005 PMCID: PMC3900513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the molecular genetic and clinical features of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) in a cohort of Spanish patients. Methods We analyzed the CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3 genes by MLPA and direct sequencing of exons and intronic boundaries in 94 familial forms and 41 sporadic cases of CCM patients of Spanish extraction. When available, RNA studies were performed seeking for alternative or cryptic splicing. Results A total of 26 pathogenic mutations, 22 of which predict truncated proteins, were identified in 29 familial forms and in three sporadic cases. The repertoire includes six novel non-sense and frameshift mutations in CCM1 and CCM3. We also found four missense mutations, one of them located at the third NPXY motif of CCM1 and another one that leads to cryptic splicing of CCM1 exon 6. We found four genomic deletions with the loss of the whole CCM2 gene in one patient and a partial loss of CCM1and CCM2 genes in three other patients. Four families had mutations in CCM3. The results include a high frequency of intronic variants, although most of them localize out of consensus splicing sequences. The main symptoms associated to clinical debut consisted of cerebral haemorrhage, migraines and epileptic seizures. The rare co-occurrence of CCM with Noonan and Chiari syndromes and delayed menarche is reported. Conclusions Analysis of CCM genes by sequencing and MLPA has detected mutations in almost 35% of a Spanish cohort (36% of familial cases and 10% of sporadic patients). The results include 13 new mutations of CCM genes and the main clinical symptoms that deserves consideration in molecular diagnosis and genetic counselling of cerebral cavernous malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufino Mondéjar
- Servicio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisca Solano
- Servicio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Rubio
- Servicio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- Servicio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Teresa Vendrell
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Izquierdo
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amalia Martinez-Mir
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel Lucas
- Servicio de Biología Molecular, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Facultad de Medicina, Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Zhang Y, Tang W, Zhang H, Niu X, Xu Y, Zhang J, Gao K, Pan W, Boggon TJ, Toomre D, Min W, Wu D. A network of interactions enables CCM3 and STK24 to coordinate UNC13D-driven vesicle exocytosis in neutrophils. Dev Cell 2014; 27:215-226. [PMID: 24176643 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil degranulation plays an important role in acute innate immune responses and is tightly regulated because the granule contents can cause tissue damage. However, this regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the complex of STK24 and CCM3 as being an important regulator of neutrophil degranulation. Lack of either STK24 or CCM3 increases the release of a specific granule pool without affecting other neutrophil functions. STK24 appears to suppress exocytosis by interacting and competing with UNC13D C2B domain for lipid binding, whereas CCM3 has dual roles in exocytosis regulation. Although CCM3 stabilizes STK24, it counteracts STK24-mediated inhibition of exocytosis by recruiting STK24 away from the C2B domain through its Ca(2+)-sensitive interaction with UNC13D C2A domain. This STK24/CCM3-regulated exocytosis plays an important role in the protection of kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Together, these findings reveal a function of the STK24 and CCM3 complex in the regulation of ligand-stimulated exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wenwen Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yingke Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kun Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Weijun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Titus J Boggon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Derek Toomre
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wang Min
- Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Dianqing Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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45
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Mallick AA, O’Callaghan FJK. Risk factors and treatment outcomes of childhood stroke. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 10:1331-46. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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46
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Faurobert E, Rome C, Lisowska J, Manet-Dupé S, Boulday G, Malbouyres M, Balland M, Bouin AP, Kéramidas M, Bouvard D, Coll JL, Ruggiero F, Tournier-Lasserve E, Albiges-Rizo C. CCM1-ICAP-1 complex controls β1 integrin-dependent endothelial contractility and fibronectin remodeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 202:545-61. [PMID: 23918940 PMCID: PMC3734079 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201303044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Loss of CCM1/2 leads to destabilization of ICAP-1 and up-regulation of β1 integrin, resulting in the destabilization of intercellular junctions due to increased cell contractility and aberrant extracellular matrix remodeling. The endothelial CCM complex regulates blood vessel stability and permeability. Loss-of-function mutations in CCM genes are responsible for human cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs), which are characterized by clusters of hemorrhagic dilated capillaries composed of endothelium lacking mural cells and altered sub-endothelial extracellular matrix (ECM). Association of the CCM1/2 complex with ICAP-1, an inhibitor of β1 integrin, prompted us to investigate whether the CCM complex interferes with integrin signaling. We demonstrate that CCM1/2 loss resulted in ICAP-1 destabilization, which increased β1 integrin activation and led to increased RhoA-dependent contractility. The resulting abnormal distribution of forces led to aberrant ECM remodeling around lesions of CCM1- and CCM2-deficient mice. ICAP-1–deficient vessels displayed similar defects. We demonstrate that a positive feedback loop between the aberrant ECM and internal cellular tension led to decreased endothelial barrier function. Our data support that up-regulation of β1 integrin activation participates in the progression of CCM lesions by destabilizing intercellular junctions through increased cell contractility and aberrant ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Faurobert
- INSERM U823, Institut Albert Bonniot, Grenoble F-38042, France.
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SOcK, MiSTs, MASK and STicKs: the GCKIII (germinal centre kinase III) kinases and their heterologous protein-protein interactions. Biochem J 2013; 454:13-30. [PMID: 23889253 DOI: 10.1042/bj20130219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The GCKIII (germinal centre kinase III) subfamily of the mammalian Ste20 (sterile 20)-like group of serine/threonine protein kinases comprises SOK1 (Ste20-like/oxidant-stress-response kinase 1), MST3 (mammalian Ste20-like kinase 3) and MST4. Initially, GCKIIIs were considered in the contexts of the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades and apoptosis. More recently, their participation in multiprotein heterocomplexes has become apparent. In the present review, we discuss the structure and phosphorylation of GCKIIIs and then focus on their interactions with other proteins. GCKIIIs possess a highly-conserved, structured catalytic domain at the N-terminus and a less-well conserved C-terminal regulatory domain. GCKIIIs are activated by tonic autophosphorylation of a T-loop threonine residue and their phosphorylation is regulated primarily through protein serine/threonine phosphatases [especially PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A)]. The GCKIII regulatory domains are highly disorganized, but can interact with more structured proteins, particularly the CCM3 (cerebral cavernous malformation 3)/PDCD10 (programmed cell death 10) protein. We explore the role(s) of GCKIIIs (and CCM3/PDCD10) in STRIPAK (striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase) complexes and their association with the cis-Golgi protein GOLGA2 (golgin A2; GM130). Recently, an interaction of GCKIIIs with MO25 has been identified. This exhibits similarities to the STRADα (STE20-related kinase adaptor α)-MO25 interaction (as in the LKB1-STRADα-MO25 heterotrimer) and, at least for MST3, the interaction may be enhanced by cis-autophosphorylation of its regulatory domain. In these various heterocomplexes, GCKIIIs associate with the Golgi apparatus, the centrosome and the nucleus, as well as with focal adhesions and cell junctions, and are probably involved in cell migration, polarity and proliferation. Finally, we consider the association of GCKIIIs with a number of human diseases, particularly cerebral cavernous malformations.
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Wilson DM, Cohen B, Keshari K, Vogel H, Steinberg G, Dillon W. Case report: glioblastoma multiforme complicating familial cavernous malformations. Clin Neuroradiol 2013; 24:293-6. [PMID: 23942770 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-013-0249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D M Wilson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue,Room L-371, Box 0628, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0628, USA,
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Maddaluno L, Rudini N, Cuttano R, Bravi L, Giampietro C, Corada M, Ferrarini L, Orsenigo F, Papa E, Boulday G, Tournier-Lasserve E, Chapon F, Richichi C, Retta SF, Lampugnani MG, Dejana E. EndMT contributes to the onset and progression of cerebral cavernous malformations. Nature 2013; 498:492-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nature12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Riant F, Bergametti F, Fournier HD, Chapon F, Michalak-Provost S, Cecillon M, Lejeune P, Hosseini H, Choe C, Orth M, Bernreuther C, Boulday G, Denier C, Labauge P, Tournier-Lasserve E. CCM3 Mutations Are Associated with Early-Onset Cerebral Hemorrhage and Multiple Meningiomas. Mol Syndromol 2013; 4:165-72. [PMID: 23801932 DOI: 10.1159/000350042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of CCM3/PDCD10 cause 10-15% of hereditary cerebral cavernous malformations. The phenotypic characterization of CCM3-mutated patients has been hampered by the limited number of patients harboring a mutation in this gene. This is the first report on molecular and clinical features of a large cohort of CCM3 patients. Molecular screening for point mutations and deletions was used to identify 54 CCM3-mutated index patients. Age at referral and clinical onset, type of inaugural events and presence of extra-axial lesions were investigated in these 54 index patients and 22 of their mutated relatives. Mean age at clinical onset was 23.0 ± 16 years. Clinical onset occurred before 10 years in 26% of the patients, and cerebral hemorrhage was the initial presentation in 72% of these patients. Multiple extra-axial, dural-based lesions were detected in 7 unrelated patients. These lesions proved to be meningiomas in 3 patients who underwent neurosurgery and pathological examination. This 'multiple meningiomas' phenotype is not associated with a specific CCM3 mutation. Hence, CCM3 mutations are associated with a high risk of early-onset cerebral hemorrhage and with the presence of multiple meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Riant
- Service de Génétique Neuro-Vasculaire, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France ; Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires Rares du Cerveau et de L'Œil, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, Paris, France ; Unité Mixte de Recherche-S-740, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France ; Unité Mixte de Recherche-S-740, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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