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Chen Y, Yue XL, Feng JY, Gong X, Zhang WJ, Zuo JF, Zhang YM. Identification of QTNs, QTN-by-environment interactions, and their candidate genes for salt tolerance related traits in soybean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:316. [PMID: 38654195 PMCID: PMC11036579 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salt stress significantly reduces soybean yield. To improve salt tolerance in soybean, it is important to mine the genes associated with salt tolerance traits. RESULTS Salt tolerance traits of 286 soybean accessions were measured four times between 2009 and 2015. The results were associated with 740,754 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and QTN-by-environment interactions (QEIs) using three-variance-component multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model (3VmrMLM). As a result, eight salt tolerance genes (GmCHX1, GsPRX9, Gm5PTase8, GmWRKY, GmCHX20a, GmNHX1, GmSK1, and GmLEA2-1) near 179 significant and 79 suggested QTNs and two salt tolerance genes (GmWRKY49 and GmSK1) near 45 significant and 14 suggested QEIs were associated with salt tolerance index traits in previous studies. Six candidate genes and three gene-by-environment interactions (GEIs) were predicted to be associated with these index traits. Analysis of four salt tolerance related traits under control and salt treatments revealed six genes associated with salt tolerance (GmHDA13, GmPHO1, GmERF5, GmNAC06, GmbZIP132, and GmHsp90s) around 166 QEIs were verified in previous studies. Five candidate GEIs were confirmed to be associated with salt stress by at least one haplotype analysis. The elite molecular modules of seven candidate genes with selection signs were extracted from wild soybean, and these genes could be applied to soybean molecular breeding. Two of these genes, Glyma06g04840 and Glyma07g18150, were confirmed by qRT-PCR and are expected to be key players in responding to salt stress. CONCLUSIONS Around the QTNs and QEIs identified in this study, 16 known genes, 6 candidate genes, and 8 candidate GEIs were found to be associated with soybean salt tolerance, of which Glyma07g18150 was further confirmed by qRT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yue
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Ying Feng
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Gong
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Crop Research Institute, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jian-Fang Zuo
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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Huang X, Zhou Y, Shi X, Wen J, Sun Y, Chen S, Hu T, Li R, Wang J, Jia X. PfbZIP85 Transcription Factor Mediates ω-3 Fatty Acid-Enriched Oil Biosynthesis by Down-Regulating PfLPAT1B Gene Expression in Plant Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4375. [PMID: 38673960 PMCID: PMC11050522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor (TF) family is one of the biggest TF families identified so far in the plant kingdom, functioning in diverse biological processes including plant growth and development, signal transduction, and stress responses. For Perilla frutescens, a novel oilseed crop abundant in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (especially α-linolenic acid, ALA), the identification and biological functions of bZIP members remain limited. In this study, 101 PfbZIPs were identified in the perilla genome and classified into eleven distinct groups (Groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, S, and UC) based on their phylogenetic relationships and gene structures. These PfbZIP genes were distributed unevenly across 18 chromosomes, with 83 pairs of them being segmental duplication genes. Moreover, 78 and 148 pairs of orthologous bZIP genes were detected between perilla and Arabidopsis or sesame, respectively. PfbZIP members belonging to the same subgroup exhibited highly conserved gene structures and functional domains, although significant differences were detected between groups. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR analysis revealed differential expressions of 101 PfbZIP genes during perilla seed development, with several PfbZIPs exhibiting significant correlations with the key oil-related genes. Y1H and GUS activity assays evidenced that PfbZIP85 downregulated the expression of the PfLPAT1B gene by physical interaction with the promoter. PfLPAT1B encodes a lysophosphatidate acyltransferase (LPAT), one of the key enzymes for triacylglycerol (TAG) assembly. Heterogeneous expression of PfbZIP85 significantly reduced the levels of TAG and UFAs (mainly C18:1 and C18:2) but enhanced C18:3 accumulation in both seeds and non-seed tissues in the transgenic tobacco lines. Furthermore, these transgenic tobacco plants showed no significantly adverse phenotype for other agronomic traits such as plant growth, thousand seed weight, and seed germination rate. Collectively, these findings offer valuable perspectives for understanding the functions of PfbZIPs in perilla, particularly in lipid metabolism, showing PfbZIP85 as a suitable target in plant genetic improvement for high-value vegetable oil production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Huang
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yali Zhou
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Xianfei Shi
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jing Wen
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuwei Chen
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Ting Hu
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jiping Wang
- College of Agronomy/Institute of Molecular Agriculture & Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi Engineering Research Center for Genetics and Metabolism of Specific Crops, Jinzhong 030801, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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Huang LT, Liu CY, Li L, Han XS, Chen HW, Jiao CH, Sha AH. Genome-Wide Identification of bZIP Transcription Factors in Faba Bean Based on Transcriptome Analysis and Investigation of Their Function in Drought Response. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3041. [PMID: 37687286 PMCID: PMC10490193 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Faba bean is an important cool-season edible legume crop that is constantly threatened by abiotic stresses such as drought. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) gene family is one of the most abundant and diverse families of transcription factors in plants. It regulates plant growth and development and plays an important role in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 18 members of the faba bean bZIP transcription factor family at the genome-wide level based on previous faba bean drought stress transcriptome sequencing data. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to group the 18 VfbZIP proteins into eight clades. Analysis of cis-acting elements in the promoter region suggested that these 18 VfbZIPs may be involved in regulating abiotic stress responses such as drought. Transcriptome data showed high expression of seven genes (VfbZIP1, VfbZIP2, VfbZIP5, VfbZIP7, VfbZIP15, VfbZIP17, and VfbZIP18) in the drought-tolerant cultivar under drought stress, in which VfbZIP1, VfbZIP2, and VfbZIP5 were consistently expressed as detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) compared to the transcriptome data. Ectopic overexpression of the three VfbZIPs in tobacco, based on the potato Virus X (PVX) vector, revealed that VfbZIP5 enhanced the drought tolerance. Overexpressed VfbZIP5 in plants showed lower levels of proline (PRO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and peroxidase (POD) compared to those overexpressing an empty vector under 10 days of drought stress. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed that VfbZIP5 interacted with seven proteins in faba bean, including VfbZIP7 and VfbZIP10. The results depict the importance of VfbZIPs in response to drought stress, and they would be useful for the improvement of drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Tao Huang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Chang-Yan Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Xue-Song Han
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Hong-Wei Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Chun-Hai Jiao
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430063, China; (C.-Y.L.); (L.L.); (X.-S.H.); (H.-W.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430063, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430063, China
| | - Ai-Hua Sha
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434025, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Jingzhou 434025, China
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Leung HS, Chan LY, Law CH, Li MW, Lam HM. Twenty years of mining salt tolerance genes in soybean. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2023; 43:45. [PMID: 37313223 PMCID: PMC10248715 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-023-01383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current combined challenges of rising food demand, climate change and farmland degradation exert enormous pressure on agricultural production. Worldwide soil salinization, in particular, necessitates the development of salt-tolerant crops. Soybean, being a globally important produce, has its genetic resources increasingly examined to facilitate crop improvement based on functional genomics. In response to the multifaceted physiological challenge that salt stress imposes, soybean has evolved an array of defences against salinity. These include maintaining cell homeostasis by ion transportation, osmoregulation, and restoring oxidative balance. Other adaptations include cell wall alterations, transcriptomic reprogramming, and efficient signal transduction for detecting and responding to salt stress. Here, we reviewed functionally verified genes that underly different salt tolerance mechanisms employed by soybean in the past two decades, and discussed the strategy in selecting salt tolerance genes for crop improvement. Future studies could adopt an integrated multi-omic approach in characterizing soybean salt tolerance adaptations and put our existing knowledge into practice via omic-assisted breeding and gene editing. This review serves as a guide and inspiration for crop developers in enhancing soybean tolerance against abiotic stresses, thereby fulfilling the role of science in solving real-life problems. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-023-01383-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Sze Leung
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China
| | - Long-Yiu Chan
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheuk-Hin Law
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China
| | - Man-Wah Li
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518000 People’s Republic of China
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5
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Liu H, Tang X, Zhang N, Li S, Si H. Role of bZIP Transcription Factors in Plant Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097893. [PMID: 37175598 PMCID: PMC10177800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity has become an increasingly serious problem worldwide, greatly limiting crop development and yield, and posing a major challenge to plant breeding. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are the most widely distributed and conserved transcription factors and are the main regulators controlling various plant response processes against external stimuli. The bZIP protein contains two domains: a highly conserved, DNA-binding alkaline region, and a diverse leucine zipper, which is one of the largest transcription factor families in plants. Plant bZIP is involved in many biological processes, such as flower development, seed maturation, dormancy, and senescence, and plays an important role in abiotic stresses such as salt damage, drought, cold damage, osmotic stress, mechanical damage, and ABA signal response. In addition, bZIP is involved in the regulation of plant response to biological stresses such as insect pests and pathogen infection through salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ABA signal transduction pathways. This review summarizes and discusses the structural characteristics and functional characterization of the bZIP transcription factor group, the bZIP transcription factor complex and its molecular regulation mechanisms related to salt stress resistance, and the regulation of transcription factors in plant salt stress resistance. This review provides a theoretical basis and research ideas for further exploration of the salt stress-related functions of bZIP transcription factors. It also provides a theoretical basis for crop genetic improvement and green production in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xun Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shigui Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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6
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Tian R, Kong Y, Shao Z, Zhang H, Li X, Zhang C. Discovery of genetic loci and causal genes for seed germination via deep re-sequencing in soybean. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:45. [PMID: 37313514 PMCID: PMC10248669 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High seed germination is crucial for mechanical sowing, seedling establishment, growth potential, multiple resistances, and the formation of yield and quality. However, few genetic loci and candidate genes conferring seed germination were explored in soybean at present. In view of this, a natural population containing 199 accessions was assessed for the germination potential (GP) and germination rate (GR) and also was re-sequenced at the average sequencing depth of 18.4 × for each accession. In total, 5,665,469 SNPs were obtained for association analysis, and 470 SNPs in 55 loci on 18 chromosomes were identified to associate with seed germination. Of them, 85 SNPs on chromosomes 1, 10, and 14 were associated with mean value and BLUP value for GP and GR, simultaneously. Moreover, 324 SNPs (68.9% of the total) in four loci were located on chromosome 14 for seed germination, of which 11 SNPs were located in the exons, 30 in introns, 17 in 5'UTR or 3'UTR, and 46 in upstream or downstream. Based on these, 131 candidate genes flanking the associated SNPs were analyzed for gene annotation, SNP mutation, and RNA expression, and three causal genes, Glyma.14G069800 (RNA-binding protein), Glyma.14G071400 (bZIP transcription factor), and Glyma.17G033200 (nucleic acid-binding protein), were screened out and might be responsible for the seed germination. The closely associated SNPs and causal genes provided an important resource and dissecting of genetic basis for seed germination improvement in soybean. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01316-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
| | - Youbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
| | - Zhenqi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
| | - Xihuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Hebei, Hebei Agricultural University, Lekai South Street 2596, Baoding City, 071000 Hebei Province China
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Wang J, Fu X, Zhang S, Chen G, Li S, Shangguan T, Zheng Y, Xu F, Chen ZH, Xu S. Evolutionary and Regulatory Pattern Analysis of Soybean Ca 2+ ATPases for Abiotic Stress Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:898256. [PMID: 35665149 PMCID: PMC9161174 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.898256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
P2-type Ca2+ ATPases are responsible for cellular Ca2+ transport, which plays an important role in plant development and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the role of P2-type Ca2+ ATPases in stress response and stomatal regulation is still elusive in soybean. In this study, a total of 12 P2-type Ca2+ ATPases genes (GmACAs and GmECAs) were identified from the genome of Glycine max. We analyzed the evolutionary relationship, conserved motif, functional domain, gene structure and location, and promoter elements of the family. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis showed that vegetable soybean leaves are damaged to different extents under salt, drought, cold, and shade stresses. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis demonstrated that most of the GmACAs and GmECAs are up-regulated after drought, cold, and NaCl treatment, but are down-regulated after shading stress. Microscopic observation showed that different stresses caused significant stomatal closure. Spatial location and temporal expression analysis suggested that GmACA8, GmACA9, GmACA10, GmACA12, GmACA13, and GmACA11 might promote stomatal closure under drought, cold, and salt stress. GmECA1 might regulate stomatal closure in shading stress. GmACA1 and GmECA3 might have a negative function on cold stress. The results laid an important foundation for further study on the function of P2-type Ca2+ ATPase genes GmACAs and GmECAs for breeding abiotic stress-tolerant vegetable soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xujun Fu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Taizhou Seed Administration Station, Taizhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tengwei Shangguan
- College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanting Zheng
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Hou F, Liu K, Zhang N, Zou C, Yuan G, Gao S, Zhang M, Pan G, Ma L, Shen Y. Association mapping uncovers maize ZmbZIP107 regulating root system architecture and lead absorption under lead stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1015151. [PMID: 36226300 PMCID: PMC9549328 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic contaminant to living organisms and the environment. Excessive Pb in soils affects crop yield and quality, thus threatening human health via the food chain. Herein, we investigated Pb tolerance among a maize association panel using root bushiness (BSH) under Pb treatment as an indicator. Through a genome-wide association study of relative BSH, we identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 30 candidate genes associated with Pb tolerance in maize seedlings. Transcriptome analysis showed that four of the 30 genes were differentially responsive to Pb treatment between two maize lines with contrasting Pb tolerance. Among these, the ZmbZIP107 transcription factor was confirmed as the key gene controlling maize tolerance to Pb by using gene-based association studies. Two 5' UTR_variants in ZmbZIP107 affected its expression level and Pb tolerance among different maize lines. ZmbZIP107 protein was specifically targeted to the nucleus and ZmbZIP107 mRNA showed the highest expression in maize seedling roots among different tissues. Heterologous expression of ZmbZIP107 enhanced rice tolerance to Pb stress and decreased Pb absorption in the roots. Our study provided the basis for revelation of the molecular mechanism underlying Pb tolerance and contributed to cultivation of Pb-tolerant varieties in maize.
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9
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Warsi MK, Howladar SM, Alsharif MA. Regulon: An overview of plant abiotic stress transcriptional regulatory system and role in transgenic plants. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e245379. [PMID: 34495147 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.245379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Population growth is increasing rapidly around the world, in these consequences we need to produce more foods to full fill the demand of increased population. The world is facing global warming due to urbanizations and industrialization and in this concerns plants exposed continuously to abiotic stresses which is a major cause of crop hammering every year. Abiotic stresses consist of Drought, Salt, Heat, Cold, Oxidative and Metal toxicity which damage the crop yield continuously. Drought and salinity stress severally affected in similar manner to plant and the leading cause of reduction in crop yield. Plants respond to various stimuli under abiotic or biotic stress condition and express certain genes either structural or regulatory genes which maintain the plant integrity. The regulatory genes primarily the transcription factors that exert their activity by binding to certain cis DNA elements and consequently either up regulated or down regulate to target expression. These transcription factors are known as masters regulators because its single transcript regulate more than one gene, in this context the regulon word is fascinating more in compass of transcription factors. Progress has been made to better understand about effect of regulons (AREB/ABF, DREB, MYB, and NAC) under abiotic stresses and a number of regulons reported for stress responsive and used as a better transgenic tool of Arabidopsis and Rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Warsi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S M Howladar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Alsharif
- Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering. Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
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Soler-Garzón A, McClean PE, Miklas PN. Genome-Wide Association Mapping of bc-1 and bc-u Reveals Candidate Genes and New Adjustments to the Host-Pathogen Interaction for Resistance to Bean Common Mosaic Necrosis Virus in Common Bean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699569. [PMID: 34267774 PMCID: PMC8277298 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) is a major disease in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Host plant resistance is the primary disease control. We sought to identify candidate genes to better understand the host-pathogen interaction and develop tools for marker-assisted selection (MAS). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach using 182 lines from a race Durango Diversity Panel (DDP) challenged by BCMNV isolates NL-8 [Pathogroup (PG)-III] and NL-3 (PG-VI), and genotyped with 1.26 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), revealed significant peak regions on chromosomes Pv03 and Pv05, which correspond to bc-1 and bc-u resistance gene loci, respectively. Three candidate genes were identified for NL-3 and NL-8 resistance. Side-by-side receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs), Phvul.003G038700 and Phvul.003G038800 were candidate genes for bc-1. These RLKs were orthologous to linked RLKs associated with virus resistance in soybean (Glycine max). A basic Leucine Zipper (bZIP) transcription factor protein is the candidate gene for bc-u. bZIP protein gene Phvul.005G124100 carries a unique non-synonymous mutation at codon 14 in the first exon (Pv05: 36,114,516 bases), resulting in a premature termination codon that causes a nonfunctional protein. SNP markers for bc-1 and bc-u and new markers for I and bc-3 genes were used to genotype the resistance genes underpinning BCMNV phenotypes in the DDP, host group (HG) differentials, and segregating F3 families. Results revealed major adjustments to the current host-pathogen interaction model: (i) there is only one resistance allele bc-1 for the Bc-1 locus, and differential expression of the allele is based on presence vs. absence of bc-u; (ii) bc-1 exhibits dominance and incomplete dominance; (iii) bc-1 alone confers resistance to NL-8; (iv) bc-u was absent from HGs 2, 4, 5, and 7 necessitating a new gene symbol bc-u d to reflect this change; (v) bc-u d alone delays susceptible symptoms, and when combined with bc-1 enhanced resistance to NL-3; and (vi) bc-u d is on Pv05, not Pv03 as previously thought. These candidate genes, markers, and adjustments to the host-pathogen interaction will facilitate breeding for resistance to BCMNV and related Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Soler-Garzón
- Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, United States
| | - Phillip E. McClean
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Phillip N. Miklas
- Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Prosser, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Phillip N. Miklas, , orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-454X
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Cai H, Guo M, Chai M, She Z, Ye L, Cheng Y, Wang B, Qin Y. The bZIP Transcription Factor GmbZIP15 Negatively Regulates Salt- and Drought-Stress Responses in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7778. [PMID: 33096644 PMCID: PMC7589023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max), as an important oilseed crop, is constantly threatened by abiotic stress, including that caused by salinity and drought. bZIP transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest TF families and have been shown to be associated with various environmental-stress tolerances among species; however, their function in abiotic-stress response in soybean remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized the roles of soybean transcription factor GmbZIP15 in response to abiotic stresses. The transcript level of GmbZIP15 was suppressed under salt- and drought-stress conditions. Overexpression of GmbZIP15 in soybean resulted in hypersensitivity to abiotic stress compared with wild-type (WT) plants, which was associated with lower transcript levels of stress-responsive genes involved in both abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and ABA-independent pathways, defective stomatal aperture regulation, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, plants expressing a functional repressor form of GmbZIP15 exhibited drought-stress resistance similar to WT. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that GmbZIP15 positively regulates GmSAHH1 expression and negatively regulates GmWRKY12 and GmABF1 expression in response to abiotic stress. Overall, these data indicate that GmbZIP15 functions as a negative regulator in response to salt and drought stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hanyang Cai
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mingliang Guo
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Mengnan Chai
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zeyuan She
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Li Ye
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
| | - Bingrui Wang
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Key Lab of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Plant Protection, College of Life Sciences, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.C.); (M.G.); (M.C.); (L.Y.); (Y.C.)
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
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12
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Wang J, An C, Guo H, Yang X, Chen J, Zong J, Li J, Liu J. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms underlying the salt tolerance of Zoysia japonica Steud. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:114. [PMID: 32169028 PMCID: PMC7071773 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02330-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Areas with saline soils are sparsely populated and have fragile ecosystems, which severely restricts the sustainable development of local economies. Zoysia grasses are recognized as excellent warm-season turfgrasses worldwide, with high salt tolerance and superior growth in saline-alkali soils. However, the mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of Zoysia species remains unknown. RESULTS The phenotypic and physiological responses of two contrasting materials, Zoysia japonica Steud. Z004 (salt sensitive) and Z011 (salt tolerant) in response to salt stress were studied. The results show that Z011 was more salt tolerant than was Z004, with the former presenting greater K+/Na+ ratios in both its leaves and roots. To study the molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance further, we compared the transcriptomes of the two materials at different time points (0 h, 1 h, 24 h, and 72 h) and from different tissues (leaves and roots) under salt treatment. The 24-h time point and the roots might make significant contributions to the salt tolerance. Moreover, GO and KEGG analyses of different comparisons revealed that the key DEGs participating in the salt-stress response belonged to the hormone pathway, various TF families and the DUF family. CONCLUSIONS Zoysia salt treatment transcriptome shows the 24-h and roots may make significant contributions to the salt tolerance. The auxin signal transduction family, ABA signal transduction family, WRKY TF family and bHLH TF family may be the most important families in Zoysia salt-stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Cong An
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hailin Guo
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Xiangyang Yang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Junqin Zong
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jianjian Li
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jianxiu Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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Cao L, Lu X, Zhang P, Wang G, Wei L, Wang T. Systematic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Maize ZmbZIP Genes between Drought and Rewatering Transcriptome Reveals bZIP Family Members Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174103. [PMID: 31443483 PMCID: PMC6747360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors (TFs) regulate diverse phenomena during plant growth and development and are involved in stress responses and hormone signaling. However, only a few bZIPs have been functionally characterized. In this paper, 54 maize bZIP genes were screened from previously published drought and rewatering transcriptomes. These genes were divided into nine groups in a phylogenetic analysis, supported by motif and intron/exon analyses. The 54 genes were unevenly distributed on 10 chromosomes and contained 18 segmental duplications, suggesting that segmental duplication events have contributed to the expansion of the maize bZIP family. Spatio-temporal expression analyses showed that bZIP genes are widely expressed during maize development. We identified 10 core ZmbZIPs involved in protein transport, transcriptional regulation, and cellular metabolism by principal component analysis, gene co-expression network analysis, and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. In addition, 15 potential stress-responsive ZmbZIPs were identified by expression analyses. Localization analyses showed that ZmbZIP17, -33, -42, and -45 are nuclear proteins. These results provide the basis for future functional genomic studies on bZIP TFs in maize and identify candidate genes with potential applications in breeding/genetic engineering for increased stress resistance. These data represent a high-quality molecular resource for selecting resistant breeding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liru Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Grain Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Grain Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guorui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Li Wei
- National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Tongchao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Baig MA, Ahmad J, Bagheri R, Ali AA, Al-Huqail AA, Ibrahim MM, Qureshi MI. Proteomic and ecophysiological responses of soybean (Glycine max L.) root nodules to Pb and hg stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:283. [PMID: 30428829 PMCID: PMC6237034 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) are persistent hazardous metals in industrially polluted soils which can be toxic in low quantities. Metal toxicity can cause changes at cellular and molecular level which should be studied for better understanding of tolerance mechanism in plants. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important oilseed crop of the world including India. Indian soils growing soybean are often contaminated by Pb and Hg. The aim of this study was to explore how soybean root nodule responds to Pb and Hg through proteomic and ecophysiological alterations in order to enhance tolerance to metal stress. RESULTS Soybean plants were exposed to Pb (30 ppm PbCl2) and Hg (0.5 ppm HgCl2) to study histological, histochemical, biochemical and molecular response of N2-fixing symbiotic nodules. Both Pb and Hg treatment increased the level of oxidative stress in leaves and nodules. Chlorosis in leaves and morphological/anatomical changes in nodules were observed. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase were also modulated. Significant changes were observed in abundance of 76 proteins by Pb and Hg. Pb and Hg influenced abundance of 33 proteins (17 up and 16 down) and 43 proteins (33 up and 10 down), respectively. MS/MS ion search identified 55 proteins which were functionally associated with numerous cellular functions. Six crucial proteins namely catalase (CAT), allene oxide synthase (AOS), glutathione S-transferase (GST), calcineurin B like (CBL), calmodulin like (CML) and rapid alkalinisation factor (RAF) were selected for transcript abundance estimation. The qRT-PCR based real time expression exhibited a positive correlation with proteomics expression except for GST and RAF. CONCLUSION Soybean root nodule responds to metal stress by increased abundance of defence, development and repair related proteins. An efficient proteomic modulation might lead to metal-induced stress tolerance in N2-fixing nodules. Although concentrations of Pb and Hg used in the study cannot be considered equimolar, yet Hg seems to induce more changes in nodule proteomic profile, and higher damage to both bacteroides and root anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Affan Baig
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Rita Bagheri
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Arlene Asthana Ali
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - Asma Abdulkareem Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Science College, King Saud University, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Irfan Qureshi
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
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Wu S, Zhu P, Jia B, Yang J, Shen Y, Cai X, Sun X, Zhu Y, Sun M. A Glycine soja group S2 bZIP transcription factor GsbZIP67 conferred bicarbonate alkaline tolerance in Medicago sativa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:234. [PMID: 30316294 PMCID: PMC6186066 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though bicarbonate alkaline stress is a serious threat to crop growth and yields, it attracts much fewer researches than high salinity stress. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors have been well demonstrated to function in diverse abiotic stresses; however, their biological role in alkaline tolerance still remains elusive. In this study, we functionally characterized a bZIP gene from Glycine soja GsbZIP67 in bicarbonate alkaline stress responses. RESULTS GsbZIP67 was initially identified as a putative bicarbonate responsive gene, on the basis of previous RNA-seq data of 50 mM NaHCO3-treated Glycine soja roots. GsbZIP67 protein possessed a conserved bZIP domain, and belonged to the group S2 bZIP, which is yet less well-studied. Our studies showed that GsbZIP67 targeted to nucleus in Arabidopsis protoplasts, and displayed transcriptional activation activity in yeast cells. The quantitative real-time PCR analyses unraveled the bicarbonate stress responsive expression and tissue specific expression of GsbZIP67 in wild soybean. Further phenotypic analysis illustrated that GsbZIP67 overexpression in alfalfa promoted plant growth under bicarbonate alkaline stress, as evidenced by longer roots and shoots. Furthermore, GsbZIP67 overexpression also modified the physiological indices of transgenic alfalfa under bicarbonate alkaline stress. In addition, the expression levels of several stress responsive genes were also augmented by GsbZIP67 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, in this study, we demonstrated that GsbZIP67 acted as a positive regulator of plant tolerance to bicarbonate alkaline stress. These results provide direct genetic evidence of group S2 bZIPs in bicarbonate alkaline stress, and will facilitate further studies concerning the cis-elements and/or downstream genes targeted by GsbZIP67 in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Wu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pinhui Zhu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowei Jia
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junkai Yang
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Shen
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Cai
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Sun
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 People’s Republic of China
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Drought and salt stress in Macrotyloma uniflorum leads to common and specific transcriptomic responses and reveals importance of raffinose family oligosaccharides in stress tolerance. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Fu Y, Ma H, Chen S, Gu T, Gong J. Control of proline accumulation under drought via a novel pathway comprising the histone methylase CAU1 and the transcription factor ANAC055. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:579-588. [PMID: 29253181 PMCID: PMC5853435 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Proline plays a crucial role in the drought stress response in plants. However, there are still gaps in our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms that regulate proline metabolism under drought stress. Here, we report that the histone methylase encoded by CAU1, which is genetically upstream of P5CS1 (encoding the proline biosynthetic enzyme Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase 1), plays a crucial role in proline-mediated drought tolerance. We determined that the transcript level of CAU1 decreased while that of ANAC055 (encoding a transcription factor) increased in wild-type Arabidopsis under drought stress. Further analyses showed that CAU1 bound to the promoter of ANAC055 and suppressed its expression via H4R3sme2-type histone methylation in the promoter region. Thus, under drought stress, a decreased level of CAU1 led to an increased transcript level of ANAC055, which induced the expression of P5CS1 and increased proline level independently of CAS. Drought tolerance and the level of proline were found to be decreased in the cau1 anac055 double-mutant, while proline supplementation restored drought sensitivity in the anac055 mutant. Our results reveal the details of a novel pathway leading to drought tolerance mediated by CAU1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence:
| | - Hailing Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siying Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Gu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiming Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Pan Y, Hu X, Li C, Xu X, Su C, Li J, Song H, Zhang X, Pan Y. SlbZIP38, a Tomato bZIP Family Gene Downregulated by Abscisic Acid, Is a Negative Regulator of Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120402. [PMID: 29261143 PMCID: PMC5748720 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors have crucial roles in plant stress responses. In this study, the bZIP family gene SlbZIP38 (GenBank accession No: XM004239373) was isolated from a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) mature leaf cDNA library. The DNA sequence of SlbZIP38 encodes a protein of 484 amino acids, including a highly conserved bZIP DNA-binding domain in the C-terminal region. We found that SlbZIP38 was differentially expressed in various organs of the tomato plant and was downregulated by drought, salt stress, and abscisic acid (ABA). However, overexpression of SlbZIP38 significantly decreased drought and salt stress tolerance in tomatoes (Ailsa Craig). The findings that SlbZIP38 overexpression reduced the chlorophyll and free proline content in leaves but increased the malondialdehyde content may explain the reduced drought and salt tolerance observed in these lines. These results suggest that SlbZIP38 is a negative regulator of drought and salt resistance that acts by modulating ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chunyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chenggang Su
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Hongyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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19
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Zhou Y, Xu D, Jia L, Huang X, Ma G, Wang S, Zhu M, Zhang A, Guan M, Lu K, Xu X, Wang R, Li J, Qu C. Genome-Wide Identification and Structural Analysis of bZIP Transcription Factor Genes in Brassica napus. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100288. [PMID: 29064393 PMCID: PMC5664138 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factor family is one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants. bZIP genes have been systematically characterized in some plants, but not in rapeseed (Brassica napus). In this study, we identified 247 BnbZIP genes in the rapeseed genome, which we classified into 10 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis of their deduced protein sequences. The BnbZIP genes were grouped into functional clades with Arabidopsis genes with similar putative functions, indicating functional conservation. Genome mapping analysis revealed that the BnbZIPs are distributed unevenly across all 19 chromosomes, and that some of these genes arose through whole-genome duplication and dispersed duplication events. All expression profiles of 247 bZIP genes were extracted from RNA-sequencing data obtained from 17 different B. napus ZS11 tissues with 42 various developmental stages. These genes exhibited different expression patterns in various tissues, revealing that these genes are differentially regulated. Our results provide a valuable foundation for functional dissection of the different BnbZIP homologs in B. napus and its parental lines and for molecular breeding studies of bZIP genes in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Daixiang Xu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Ledong Jia
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xiaohu Huang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Guoqiang Ma
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Shuxian Wang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Meichen Zhu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Aoxiang Zhang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Mingwei Guan
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Xinfu Xu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Jiana Li
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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20
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Farooq M, Gogoi N, Hussain M, Barthakur S, Paul S, Bharadwaj N, Migdadi HM, Alghamdi SS, Siddique KHM. Effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:199-217. [PMID: 28648997 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an ever-present threat to crop yields, especially in countries with irrigated agriculture. Efforts to improve salt tolerance in crop plants are vital for sustainable crop production on marginal lands to ensure future food supplies. Grain legumes are a fascinating group of plants due to their high grain protein contents and ability to fix biological nitrogen. However, the accumulation of excessive salts in soil and the use of saline groundwater are threatening legume production worldwide. Salt stress disturbs photosynthesis and hormonal regulation and causes nutritional imbalance, specific ion toxicity and osmotic effects in legumes to reduce grain yield and quality. Understanding the responses of grain legumes to salt stress and the associated tolerance mechanisms, as well as assessing management options, may help in the development of strategies to improve the performance of grain legumes under salt stress. In this manuscript, we discuss the effects, tolerance mechanisms and management of salt stress in grain legumes. The principal inferences of the review are: (i) salt stress reduces seed germination (by up to more than 50%) either by inhibiting water uptake and/or the toxic effect of ions in the embryo, (ii) salt stress reduces growth (by more than 70%), mineral uptake, and yield (by 12-100%) due to ion toxicity and reduced photosynthesis, (iii) apoplastic acidification is a good indicator of salt stress tolerance, (iv) tolerance to salt stress in grain legumes may develop through excretion and/or compartmentalization of toxic ions, increased antioxidant capacity, accumulation of compatible osmolytes, and/or hormonal regulation, (v) seed priming and nutrient management may improve salt tolerance in grain legumes, (vi) plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may help to improve salt tolerance due to better plant nutrient availability, and (vii) the integration of screening, innovative breeding, and the development of transgenics and crop management strategies may enhance salt tolerance and yield in grain legumes on salt-affected soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nirmali Gogoi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sharmistha Barthakur
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sreyashi Paul
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Nandita Bharadwaj
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem S Alghamdi
- College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture and School of Agriculture & Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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21
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Li Y, Chen Q, Nan H, Li X, Lu S, Zhao X, Liu B, Guo C, Kong F, Cao D. Overexpression of GmFDL19 enhances tolerance to drought and salt stresses in soybean. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179554. [PMID: 28640834 PMCID: PMC5480881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors plays an important role in the growth and developmental process as well as responds to various abiotic stresses, such as drought and high salinity. Our previous work identified GmFDL19, a bZIP transcription factor, as a flowering promoter in soybean, and the overexpression of GmFDL19 caused early flowering in transgenic soybean plants. Here, we report that GmFDL19 also enhances tolerance to drought and salt stress in soybean. GmFDL19 was determined to be a group A member, and its transcription expression was highly induced by abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and high salt stresses. Overexpression of GmFDL19 in soybean enhanced drought and salt tolerance at the seedling stage. The relative plant height (RPH) and relative shoot dry weight (RSDW) of transgenic plants were significantly higher than those of the WT after PEG and salt treatments. In addition, the germination rate and plant height of the transgenic soybean were also significantly higher than that of WT plants after various salt treatments. Furthermore, we also found that GmFDL19 could reduce the accumulation of Na+ ion content and up-regulate the expression of several ABA/stress-responsive genes in transgenic soybean. We also found that GmFDL19 overexpression increased the activities of several antioxidative enzyme and chlorophyll content but reduced malondialdehyde content. These results suggested that GmFDL19 is involved in soybean abiotic stress responses and has potential utilization to improve multiple stress tolerance in transgenic soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Quanzhen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyang Nan
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Cao
- The Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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22
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Shu K, Qi Y, Chen F, Meng Y, Luo X, Shuai H, Zhou W, Ding J, Du J, Liu J, Yang F, Wang Q, Liu W, Yong T, Wang X, Feng Y, Yang W. Salt Stress Represses Soybean Seed Germination by Negatively Regulating GA Biosynthesis While Positively Mediating ABA Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1372. [PMID: 28848576 PMCID: PMC5554363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is an important and staple oilseed crop worldwide. Salinity stress has adverse effects on soybean development periods, especially on seed germination and post-germinative growth. Improving seed germination and emergence will have positive effects under salt stress conditions on agricultural production. Here we report that NaCl delays soybean seed germination by negatively regulating gibberellin (GA) while positively mediating abscisic acid (ABA) biogenesis, which leads to a decrease in the GA/ABA ratio. This study suggests that fluridone (FLUN), an ABA biogenesis inhibitor, might be a potential plant growth regulator that can promote soybean seed germination under saline stress. Different soybean cultivars, which possessed distinct genetic backgrounds, showed a similar repressed phenotype during seed germination under exogenous NaCl application. Biochemical analysis revealed that NaCl treatment led to high MDA (malondialdehyde) level during germination and the post-germinative growth stages. Furthermore, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities also changed after NaCl treatment. Subsequent quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction analysis showed that the transcription levels of ABA and GA biogenesis and signaling genes were altered after NaCl treatment. In line with this, phytohormone measurement also revealed that NaCl considerably down-regulated active GA1, GA3, and GA4 levels, whereas the ABA content was up-regulated; and therefore ratios, such as GA1/ABA, GA3/ABA, and GA4/ABA, are decreased. Consistent with the hormonal quantification, FLUN partially rescued the delayed-germination phenotype caused by NaCl-treatment. Altogether, these results demonstrate that NaCl stress inhibits soybean seed germination by decreasing the GA/ABA ratio, and that FLUN might be a potential plant growth regulator that could promote soybean seed germination under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Shu, Wenyu Yang,
| | - Ying Qi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Yongjie Meng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Haiwei Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Wenguan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Junbo Du
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Taiwen Yong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
| | - Yuqi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Shu, Wenyu Yang,
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23
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Huang C, Zhou J, Jie Y, Xing H, Zhong Y, Yu W, She W, Ma Y, Liu Z, Zhang Y. A Ramie bZIP Transcription Factor BnbZIP2 Is Involved in Drought, Salt, and Heavy Metal Stress Response. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:776-786. [PMID: 27845851 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2016.3251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
bZIP transcription factors play key roles in plant growth, development, and stress signaling. A bZIP gene BnbZIP2 (GenBank accession number: KP642148) was cloned from ramie. BnbZIP2 has a 1416 base pair open reading frame, encoding a 471 amino acid protein containing a characteristic bZIP domain and a leucine zipper. BnbZIP2 shares high sequence similarity with bZIP factors from other plants. The BnbZIP2 protein is localized to both nuclei and cytoplasm. Transcripts of BnbZIP2 were found in various tissues in ramie, with significantly higher levels in female and male flowers. Its expression was induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid treatments. Analysis of the cis-elements in promoters of BnbZIP2 identified cis-acting elements involved in growth, developmental processes, and a variety of stress responses. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants' overexpression of BnbZIP2 exhibited more sensitivity to drought and heavy metal Cd stress during seed germination, whereas more tolerance to high-salinity stress than the wild type during both seed germination and plant development. Thus, BnbZIP2 may act as a positive regulator in plants' response to high-salinity stress and be an important candidate gene for molecular breeding of salt-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Huang
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,2 Dazhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences , Dazhou, China
| | - Jinghua Zhou
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China
| | - Yucheng Jie
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China
| | - Hucheng Xing
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China
| | - Yingli Zhong
- 4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China .,5 College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China
| | - Weilin Yu
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China
| | - Wei She
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China
| | - Yushen Ma
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China
| | - Zehang Liu
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- 1 Institute of Ramie, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,3 College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha, China .,4 Hunan Provincial Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Laboratory , Changsha, China
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24
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Ren S, Lyle C, Jiang GL, Penumala A. Soybean Salt Tolerance 1 (GmST1) Reduces ROS Production, Enhances ABA Sensitivity, and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:445. [PMID: 27148284 PMCID: PMC4826999 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, including high soil salinity, significantly reduce crop production worldwide. Salt tolerance in plants is a complex trait and is regulated by multiple mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms and dissecting the components on their regulatory pathways will provide new insights, leading to novel strategies for the improvement of salt tolerance in agricultural and economic crops of importance. Here we report that soybean salt tolerance 1, named GmST1, exhibited strong tolerance to salt stress in the Arabidopsis transgenic lines. The GmST1-overexpressed Arabidopsis also increased sensitivity to ABA and decreased production of reactive oxygen species under salt stress. In addition, GmST1 significantly improved drought tolerance in Arabidopsis transgenic lines. GmST1 belongs to a 3-prime part of Glyma.03g171600 gene in the current version of soybean genome sequence annotation. However, comparative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis around Glyma.03g171600 genomic region confirmed that GmST1 might serve as an intact gene in soybean leaf tissues. Unlike Glyma.03g171600 which was not expressed in leaves, GmST1 was strongly induced by salt treatment in the leaf tissues. By promoter analysis, a TATA box was detected to be positioned close to GmST1 start codon and a putative ABRE and a DRE cis-acting elements were identified at about 1 kb upstream of GmST1 gene. The data also indicated that GmST1-transgenic lines survived under drought stress and showed a significantly lower water loss than non-transgenic lines. In summary, our results suggest that overexpression of GmST1 significantly improves Arabidopsis tolerance to both salt and drought stresses and the gene may be a potential candidate for genetic engineering of salt- and drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Ren
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State UniversityPetersburg, VA, USA
- *Correspondence: Shuxin Ren,
| | - Chimera Lyle
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State UniversityPetersburg, VA, USA
| | - Guo-liang Jiang
- Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State UniversityPetersburg, VA, USA
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25
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Cao H, Wang L, Yue C, Hao X, Wang X, Yang Y. Isolation and expression analysis of 18 CsbZIP genes implicated in abiotic stress responses in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 97:432-442. [PMID: 26555901 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) play essential roles in regulating stress processes in plants. Despite the economic importance of this woody crop, there is little information about bZIP TFs in tea plants. In this study, 18 bZIP genes were isolated from the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) and named sequentially from CsbZIP1 to CsbZIP18. According to the phylogenetic classification as in Arabidopsis, the CsbZIP genes spanned ten subgroups (Group A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I, S and K) of bZIP TFs. When analyzed for organ specific expression, all CsbZIP genes were found to be ubiquitously expressed in roots, stems, leaves and flowers. Expression analysis of CsbZIP genes in response to four abiotic stresses showed that in leaves, 9, 9, 15 and 11 CsbZIPs have 2-fold greater variation in transcript abundance under cold, exogenous ABA, high salinity and dehydration conditions, respectively. In roots, 5, 12, 14 and 11 CsbZIPs were differentially expressed under conditions of cold, exogenous ABA, high salinity and dehydration stresses. Moreover, CsbZIP genes in Groups F, H, S and K exhibited several folds up-and/or down-regulation against the above four stresses. Notably, CsbZIP18 of group K showed significant up-regulation in response to these same stresses, suggesting a vital functional role in stress response. Together, these findings increase our knowledge of bZIP TFs in the tea plant and suggest the significance of CsbZIP genes in plant abiotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Cao
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; National Center for Tea Improvement, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Chuan Yue
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; National Center for Tea Improvement, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; National Center for Tea Improvement, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Yajun Yang
- Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; National Center for Tea Improvement, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
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Sornaraj P, Luang S, Lopato S, Hrmova M. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors involved in abiotic stresses: A molecular model of a wheat bZIP factor and implications of its structure in function. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:46-56. [PMID: 26493723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) genes encode transcription factors (TFs) that control important biochemical and physiological processes in plants and all other eukaryotic organisms. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here we present (i) the homo-dimeric structural model of bZIP consisting of basic leucine zipper and DNA binding regions, in complex with the synthetic Abscisic Acid-Responsive Element (ABREsyn); (ii) discuss homo- and hetero-dimerisation patterns of bZIP TFs; (iii) summarise the current progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of function of bZIP TFs, including features determining the specificity of their binding to DNA cis-elements, and (iv) review information on interaction partners of bZIPs during plant development and stress response, as well as on types and roles of post-translational modifications, and regulatory aspects of protein-degradation mediated turn-over. Finally, we (v) recapitulate on the recent advances regarding functional roles of bZIP factors in major agricultural crops, and discuss the potential significance of bZIP-based genetic engineering in improving crop yield and tolerance to abiotic stresses. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS An accurate analysis and understanding of roles of plant bZIP TFs in different biological processes requires the knowledge of interacting partners, time and location of expression in plant organs, and the information on mechanisms of homo- and hetero-dimerisation of bZIP TFs. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Studies on molecular mechanisms of plant bZIP TFs at the atomic levels will provide novel insights into the regulatory processes during plant development, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Sornaraj
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Sukanya Luang
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Sergiy Lopato
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Maria Hrmova
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia.
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Valliyodan B, Van Toai TT, Alves JD, de Fátima P Goulart P, Lee JD, Fritschi FB, Rahman MA, Islam R, Shannon JG, Nguyen HT. Expression of root-related transcription factors associated with flooding tolerance of soybean (Glycine max). Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17622-43. [PMID: 25268626 PMCID: PMC4227181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Much research has been conducted on the changes in gene expression of the model plant Arabidopsis to low-oxygen stress. Flooding results in a low oxygen environment in the root zone. However, there is ample evidence that tolerance to soil flooding is more than tolerance to low oxygen alone. In this study, we investigated the physiological response and differential expression of root-related transcription factors (TFs) associated with the tolerance of soybean plants to soil flooding. Differential responses of PI408105A and S99-2281 plants to ten days of soil flooding were evaluated at physiological, morphological and anatomical levels. Gene expression underlying the tolerance response was investigated using qRT-PCR of root-related TFs, known anaerobic genes, and housekeeping genes. Biomass of flood-sensitive S99-2281 roots remained unchanged during the entire 10 days of flooding. Flood-tolerant PI408105A plants exhibited recovery of root growth after 3 days of flooding. Flooding induced the development of aerenchyma and adventitious roots more rapidly in the flood-tolerant than the flood-sensitive genotype. Roots of tolerant plants also contained more ATP than roots of sensitive plants at the 7th and 10th days of flooding. Quantitative transcript analysis identified 132 genes differentially expressed between the two genotypes at one or more time points of flooding. Expression of genes related to the ethylene biosynthesis pathway and formation of adventitious roots was induced earlier and to higher levels in roots of the flood-tolerant genotype. Three potential flood-tolerance TFs which were differentially expressed between the two genotypes during the entire 10-day flooding duration were identified. This study confirmed the expression of anaerobic genes in response to soil flooding. Additionally, the differential expression of TFs associated with soil flooding tolerance was not qualitative but quantitative and temporal. Functional analyses of these genes will be necessary to reveal their potential to enhance flooding tolerance of soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Valliyodan
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Tara T Van Toai
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Soil Drainage Research Unit, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Jose Donizeti Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Jeong Dong Lee
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Delta Center, Portageville, MO 68373, USA.
| | - Felix B Fritschi
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Mohammed Atiqur Rahman
- Office of Information Technology, Ohio State University South Centers at Piketon, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Rafiq Islam
- Office of Information Technology, Ohio State University South Centers at Piketon, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - J Grover Shannon
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Delta Center, Portageville, MO 68373, USA.
| | - Henry T Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Baloglu MC, Eldem V, Hajyzadeh M, Unver T. Genome-wide analysis of the bZIP transcription factors in cucumber. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96014. [PMID: 24760072 PMCID: PMC3997510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
bZIP proteins are one of the largest transcriptional regulators playing crucial roles in plant development, physiological processes, and biotic/abiotic stress responses. Despite the availability of recently published draft genome sequence of Cucumis sativus, no comprehensive investigation of these family members has been presented for cucumber. We have identified 64 bZIP transcription factor-encoding genes in the cucumber genome. Based on structural features of their encoded proteins, CsbZIP genes could be classified into 6 groups. Cucumber bZIP genes were expanded mainly by segmental duplication rather than tandem duplication. Although segmental duplication rate of the CsbZIP genes was lower than that of Arabidopsis, rice and sorghum, it was observed as a common expansion mechanism. Some orthologous relationships and chromosomal rearrangements were observed according to comparative mapping analysis with other species. Genome-wide expression analysis of bZIP genes indicated that 64 CsbZIP genes were differentially expressed in at least one of the ten sampled tissues. A total of 4 CsbZIP genes displayed higher expression values in leaf, flowers and root tissues. The in silico micro-RNA (miRNA) and target transcript analyses identified that a total of 21 CsbZIP genes were targeted by 38 plant miRNAs. CsbZIP20 and CsbZIP22 are the most targeted by miR165 and miR166 family members, respectively. We also analyzed the expression of ten CsbZIP genes in the root and leaf tissues of drought-stressed cucumber using quantitative RT-PCR. All of the selected CsbZIP genes were measured as increased in root tissue at 24th h upon PEG treatment. Contrarily, the down-regulation was observed in leaf tissues of all analyzed CsbZIP genes. CsbZIP12 and CsbZIP44 genes showed gradual induction of expression in root tissues during time points. This genome-wide identification and expression profiling provides new opportunities for cloning and functional analyses, which may be used in further studies for improving stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cengiz Baloglu
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Kastamonu, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Vahap Eldem
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mortaza Hajyzadeh
- Cankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Turgay Unver
- Cankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Cankiri, Turkey
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Roychoudhury A, Paul S, Basu S. Cross-talk between abscisic acid-dependent and abscisic acid-independent pathways during abiotic stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:985-1006. [PMID: 23508256 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity, drought and low temperature are the common forms of abiotic stress encountered by land plants. To cope with these adverse environmental factors, plants execute several physiological and metabolic responses. Both osmotic stress (elicited by water deficit or high salt) and cold stress increase the endogenous level of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). ABA-dependent stomatal closure to reduce water loss is associated with small signaling molecules like nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and cytosolic free calcium, and mediated by rapidly altering ion fluxes in guard cells. ABA also triggers the expression of osmotic stress-responsive (OR) genes, which usually contain single/multiple copies of cis-acting sequence called abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE) in their upstream regions, mostly recognized by the basic leucine zipper-transcription factors (TFs), namely, ABA-responsive element-binding protein/ABA-binding factor. Another conserved sequence called the dehydration-responsive element (DRE)/C-repeat, responding to cold or osmotic stress, but not to ABA, occurs in some OR promoters, to which the DRE-binding protein/C-repeat-binding factor binds. In contrast, there are genes or TFs containing both DRE/CRT and ABRE, which can integrate input stimuli from salinity, drought, cold and ABA signaling pathways, thereby enabling cross-tolerance to multiple stresses. A strong candidate that mediates such cross-talk is calcium, which serves as a common second messenger for abiotic stress conditions and ABA. The present review highlights the involvement of both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling components and their interaction or convergence in activating the stress genes. We restrict our discussion to salinity, drought and cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College Autonomous, 30, Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata 700016, West Bengal, India.
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Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops in legume family. Soybean and soybean-based products are also considered as popular food for human and animal husbandry. With its high oil content, soybean has become a potential resource for the production of renewable fuel. However, soybean is considered one of the most drought-sensitive crops, with approximately 40% reduction of the yield in the worst years. Recent research progresses in elucidation of biochemical, morphological and physiological responses as well as molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to drought stress in model plants have provided a solid foundation for translational genomics of soybean toward drought tolerance. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in development of drought-tolerant soybean cultivars by gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Phuong Thao
- International University, Vietnam National University-HCMC, St block 6, Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, HCM city, Vietnam
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31
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Sun X, Li Y, Cai H, Bai X, Ji W, Ding X, Zhu Y. The Arabidopsis AtbZIP1 transcription factor is a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt, osmotic and drought stresses. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2012; 125:429-38. [PMID: 21938515 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-011-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
According to the AtGenExpress transcriptome data sets, AtbZIP1 is an Arabidopsis gene induced by several abiotic stresses, such as salt, cold and drought. Here, we isolated AtbZIP1, and used semi-quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to verify that AtbZIP1 expression was indeed significantly induced by salt, osmotic, and cold stresses in Arabidopsis. AtbZIP1 knockout mutants showed a reduced tolerance to salt and osmotic stresses, coinciding with a suppression of the expression of several stress-responsive genes, such as COR15A, RD17 and RD29A. Consistently, the restoration of AtbZIP1 in the knockout lines restored the plants ability to tolerate salt and osmotic stresses. Furthermore, overexpressing AtbZIP1 in the wild type Arabidopsis resulted in an enhanced tolerance to salt and drought stresses. Sequence analysis shows that AtbZIP1 belongs to the S subfamily of basic leucine zipper transcription factors (TFs). The transient expression of green fluorescent protein-AtbZIP1 in tobacco leaf cells showed that AtbZIP1 localizes in nuclei. A transactivation assay further suggested that AtbZIP1 functions as a transcriptional activator in yeast and the two protein motifs (aa 13-38 and 92-118) are indispensable for transactivation activity. These results indicate that the TF AtbZIP1 is a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt, osmotic, and drought stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Sun
- Plant Bioengineering Laboratory, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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32
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Ying S, Zhang DF, Fu J, Shi YS, Song YC, Wang TY, Li Y. Cloning and characterization of a maize bZIP transcription factor, ZmbZIP72, confers drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2012; 235:253-66. [PMID: 21866346 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the bZIP (basic leucine zipper) transcription factors regulate diverse functions, including processes such as plant development and stress response. However, few have been functionally characterized in maize (Zea mays). In this study, we cloned ZmbZIP72, a bZIP transcription factor gene from maize, which had only one copy in the maize genome and harbored three introns. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of ZmbZIP72 revealed a highly conserved bZIP DNA-binding domain in its C-terminal region, and four conserved sequences distributed in N- or C-terminal region. The ZmbZIP72 gene expressed differentially in various organs of maize plants and was induced by abscisic acid, high salinity, and drought treatment in seedlings. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that ZmbZIP72 was a nuclear protein. Transactivation assay in yeast demonstrated that ZmbZIP72 functioned as a transcriptional activator and its N terminus (amino acids 23-63) was necessary for the transactivation activity. Heterologous overexpression of ZmbZIP72 improved drought and partial salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants, as determined by physiological analyses of leaf water loss, electrolyte leakage, proline content, and survival rate under stress. In addition, the seeds of ZmbZIP72-overexpressing transgenic plants were hypersensitive to ABA and osmotic stress. Moreover, overexpression of ZmbZIP72 enhanced the expression of ABA-inducible genes such as RD29B, RAB18, and HIS1-3. These results suggest that the ZmbZIP72 protein functions as an ABA-dependent transcription factor in positive modulation of abiotic stress tolerance and may be a candidate gene with potential application in molecular breeding to enhance stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ying
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Kim JS, Mizoi J, Yoshida T, Fujita Y, Nakajima J, Ohori T, Todaka D, Nakashima K, Hirayama T, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. An ABRE promoter sequence is involved in osmotic stress-responsive expression of the DREB2A gene, which encodes a transcription factor regulating drought-inducible genes in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 52:2136-46. [PMID: 22025559 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcr143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In plants, osmotic stress-responsive transcriptional regulation depends mainly on two major classes of cis-acting elements found in the promoter regions of stress-inducible genes: ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and dehydration-responsive elements (DREs). ABRE has been shown to perceive ABA-mediated osmotic stress signals, whereas DRE is known to be involved in an ABA-independent pathway. Previously, we reported that the transcription factor DRE-BINDING PROTEIN 2A (DREB2A) regulates DRE-mediated transcription of target genes under osmotic stress conditions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the transcriptional regulation of DREB2A itself remains largely uncharacterized. To elucidate the transcriptional mechanism associated with the DREB2A gene under osmotic stress conditions, we generated a series of truncated and base-substituted variants of the DREB2A promoter and evaluated their transcriptional activities individually. We found that both ABRE and coupling element 3 (CE3)-like sequences located approximately -100 bp from the transcriptional initiation site are necessary for the dehydration-responsive expression of DREB2A. Coupling our transient expression analyses with yeast one-hybrid and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays indicated that the ABRE-BINDING PROTEIN 1 (AREB1), AREB2 and ABRE-BINDING FACTOR 3 (ABF3) bZIP transcription factors can bind to and activate the DREB2A promoter in an ABRE-dependent manner. Exogenous ABA application induced only a modest accumulation of the DREB2A transcript when compared with the osmotic stress treatment. However, the osmotic stress-induced DREB2A expression was found to be markedly impaired in several ABA-deficient and ABA-insensitive mutants. These results suggest that in addition to an ABA-independent pathway, the ABA-dependent pathway plays a positive role in the osmotic stress-responsive expression of DREB2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Sik Kim
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
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Jamil A, Riaz S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR. Gene Expression Profiling of Plants under Salt Stress. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2011; 30:435-458. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2011.605739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
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35
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Gao SQ, Chen M, Xu ZS, Zhao CP, Li L, Xu HJ, Tang YM, Zhao X, Ma YZ. The soybean GmbZIP1 transcription factor enhances multiple abiotic stress tolerances in transgenic plants. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 75:537-53. [PMID: 21331631 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-011-9738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive element binding proteins (AREBs) are basic domain/leucine zipper transcription factors that bind to the ABA-responsive element (ABRE) in the promoter regions of ABA-inducible genes in plants. A novel bZIP transcription factor gene, GmbZIP1, encoding 438 amino acids with a conserved bZIP domain composed of 60 amino acids was isolated from salt-tolerant soybean cv. Tiefeng 8. Southern blotting showed that only one copy was present in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analyses showed that GmbZIP1 belonged to the AREB subfamily of the bZIP family and was most closely related to AtABF2 and OsTRAB1. The expression of GmbZIP1 was highly induced by ABA, drought, high salt and low temperature; and GmbZIP1 was expressed in soybean roots, stems and leaves under different stress conditions. GmbZIP1 was localized inside the nuclei of transformed onion epidermal cells. Overexpression of GmbZIP1 enhanced the responses of transgenic plants to ABA and triggered stomatal closure under stresses, potentially leading to improved tolerances to several abiotic stresses such as high salt, low temperature and drought in transgenic plants. Furthermore, overexpression of GmbZIP1 affected the expression of some ABA or stress-related genes involved in regulating stomatal closure in Arabidopsis under ABA, drought and high salt stress conditions. A few AREB elements were detected in the promoter region of those ABA or stress-related genes, suggesting that GmbZIP1 regulates the ABA response or stomatal closure mediated by those downstream genes in transgenic Arabidopsis. Moreover, GmbZIP1 was used to improve the drought tolerance trait of Chinese wheat varieties BS93. Functional analysis showed that overexpression of GmbZIP1 enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic wheat, and transcripts of GmbZIP1 were detected in transgenic wheat using RT-PCR. In addition, GmbZIP1 overexpression did not result in growth retardation in all transgenic plants, suggesting that GmbZIP1 may be a valuable genetic resource for engineering stress tolerance of crops.
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MESH Headings
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/physiology
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Southern
- Cold-Shock Response/genetics
- Dehydration/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/physiology
- Genes, Plant/genetics
- Genes, Plant/physiology
- Phylogeny
- Plant Transpiration/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/physiology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/genetics
- Soybean Proteins/genetics
- Soybean Proteins/physiology
- Glycine max/genetics
- Stress, Physiological/genetics
- Stress, Physiological/physiology
- Triticum/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
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Wang J, Zhou J, Zhang B, Vanitha J, Ramachandran S, Jiang SY. Genome-wide expansion and expression divergence of the basic leucine zipper transcription factors in higher plants with an emphasis on sorghum. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 53:212-31. [PMID: 21205183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.01017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant bZIP transcription factors play crucial roles in multiple biological processes. However, little is known about the sorghum bZIP gene family although the sorghum genome has been completely sequenced. In this study, we have carried out a genome-wide identification and characterization of this gene family in sorghum. Our data show that the genome encodes at least 92 bZIP transcription factors. These bZIP genes have been expanded mainly by segmental duplication. Such an expansion mechanism has also been observed in rice, arabidopsis and many other plant organisms, suggesting a common expansion mode of this gene family in plants. Further investigation shows that most of the bZIP members have been present in the most recent common ancestor of sorghum and rice and the major expansion would occur before the sorghum-rice split era. Although these bZIP genes have been duplicated with a long history, they exhibited limited functional divergence as shown by nonsynonymous substitutions (Ka)/synonymous substitutions (Ks) analyses. Their retention was mainly due to the high percentages of expression divergence. Our data also showed that this gene family might play a role in multiple developmental stages and tissues and might be regarded as important regulators of various abiotic stresses and sugar signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhou Wang
- Institute of Botany and Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Joint Research & Development Laboratory, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Tran LSP, Mochida K. Functional genomics of soybean for improvement of productivity in adverse conditions. Funct Integr Genomics 2010; 10:447-62. [PMID: 20582712 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-010-0178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Global soybean production is frequently impacted by various stresses, including both abiotic and biotic stresses. To develop soybean plants with enhanced tolerance to different stressors, functional genomics of soybean and a comprehensive understanding of available biotechnological resources and approaches are essential. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in soybean functional genomics which provide unprecedented opportunities to understand global patterns of gene expression, gene regulatory networks, various physiological, biochemical, and metabolic pathways as well as their association with the development of specific phenotypes. Soybean functional genomics, therefore, will ultimately enable us to develop new soybean varieties with improved productivity under adverse conditions by genetic engineering.
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38
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Manavalan LP, Guttikonda SK, Tran LS, Nguyen HT. Physiological and molecular approaches to improve drought resistance in soybean. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 50:1260-76. [PMID: 19546148 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcp082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major constraint to the production and yield stability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. For developing high yielding varieties under drought conditions, the most widely employed criterion has traditionally been direct selection for yield stability over multiple locations. However, this approach is time consuming and labor intensive, because yield is a highly quantitative trait with low heritability, and influenced by differences arising from soil heterogeneity and environmental factors. The alternative strategy of indirect selection using secondary traits has succeeded only in a few crops, due to problems with repeatability and lack of phenotyping strategies, especially for root-related traits. Considerable efforts have been directed towards identifying traits associated with drought resistance in soybean. With the availability of the whole genome sequence, physical maps, genetics and functional genomics tools, integrated approaches using molecular breeding and genetic engineering offer new opportunities for improving drought resistance in soybean. Genetic engineering for drought resistance with candidate genes has been reported in the major food crops, and efforts for developing drought-resistant soybean lines are in progress. The objective of this review is to consolidate the current knowledge of physiology, molecular breeding and functional genomics which may be influential in integrating breeding and genetic engineering approaches for drought resistance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi P Manavalan
- National Center for Soybean Biotechnology and Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Abstract
Soybean is an important cash crop and its productivity is significantly hampered by salt stress. High salt imposes negative impacts on growth, nodulation, agronomy traits, seed quality and quantity, and thus reduces the yield of soybean. To cope with salt stress, soybean has developed several tolerance mechanisms, including: (i) maintenance of ion homeostasis; (ii) adjustment in response to osmotic stress; (iii) restoration of osmotic balance; and (iv) other metabolic and structural adaptations. The regulatory network for abiotic stress responses in higher plants has been studied extensively in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Some homologous components involved in salt stress responses have been identified in soybean. In this review, we tried to integrate the relevant works on soybean and proposes a working model to describe its salt stress responses at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsui-Hung Phang
- Department of Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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