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Bickel MA, Sherry DM, Bullen EC, Vance ML, Jones KL, Howard EW, Conley SM. Microvascular smooth muscle cells exhibit divergent phenotypic switching responses to platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor 1. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104609. [PMID: 37716411 PMCID: PMC10842624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching is critical for normal vessel formation, vascular stability, and healthy brain aging. Phenotypic switching is regulated by mediators including platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), as well as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), but much about the role of these factors in microvascular VSMCs remains unclear. METHODS We used primary rat microvascular VSMCs to explore PDGF-BB- and IGF-1-induced phenotypic switching. RESULTS PDGF-BB induced an early proliferative response, followed by formation of polarized leader cells and rapid, directionally coordinated migration. In contrast, IGF-1 induced cell hypertrophy, and only a small degree of migration by unpolarized cells. TGF-β and ET-1 selectively inhibit PDGF-BB-induced VSMC migration primarily by repressing migratory polarization and formation of leader cells. Contractile genes were downregulated by both growth factors, while other genes were differentially regulated by PDGF-BB and IGF-1. CONCLUSIONS These studies indicate that PDGF-BB and IGF-1 stimulate different types of microvascular VSMC phenotypic switching characterized by different modes of cell migration. Our studies are consistent with a chronic vasoprotective role for IGF-1 in VSMCs in the microvasculature while PDGF is more involved in VSMC proliferation and migration in response to acute activities such as neovascularization. Better understanding of the nuances of the phenotypic switching induced by these growth factors is important for our understanding of a variety of microvascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - David M Sherry
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth C Bullen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Michaela L Vance
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Ken L Jones
- Bioinformatic Solutions, LLC, Sheridan, WY 82801, United States of America
| | - Eric W Howard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Shannon M Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America.
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Li J, Yu C, Yu K, Chen Z, Xing D, Zha B, Xie W, Ouyang H. SPINT2 is involved in the proliferation, migration and phenotypic switching of aortic smooth muscle cells: Implications for the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:546. [PMID: 37928510 PMCID: PMC10623238 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a severe and extremely dangerous cardiovascular disease. Proliferation, migration and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are major pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of TAD. The present study was designed to investigate the expression and potential function of serine peptidase inhibitor Kunitz type 2 (SPINT2) in TAD. The gene expression profile data for ascending aorta from patients with TAD were downloaded from the GEO database with the accession number GSE52093. Bioinformatics analysis using GEO2R indicated that the differentially expressed SPINT2 was prominently decreased in TAD. The expression levels of SPINT2 mRNA and protein in aortic dissection specimens and normal aorta tissues were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. SPINT2 expression was downregulated in clinical samples from aortic dissection specimens of patients with TAD compared with the corresponding expression noted in tissues derived from patients without TAD. In vitro, platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) was applied to induce the isolated primary mouse aortic SMC phenotypic modulation (a significant upregulation in the expression levels of synthetic markers), and the SMCs were infected with the adenoviral vector, Ad-SPINT2, to construct SPINT2-overexpressed cell lines. SMC viability was detected by an MTT assay and SMC proliferation was detected via the presence of Ki-67-positive cells (immunofluorescence staining). To explore the effects of SPINT2 on SMC migration, a wound healing assay was conducted. ELISA and western blotting assays were used to measure the content and expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The expression levels of vimentin, collagen I, α-SMA and SM22α were measured using western blotting. The PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of SMCs were recovered by SPINT2 overexpression. The increase in the expression levels of SPINT2 reduced the expression levels of active matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and MMP-9. Overexpression of SPINT2 suppressed SMC switching from a contractile to a synthetic type, as evidenced by decreased vimentin and collagen I expression levels along with increased α-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle protein 22-α expression levels. Furthermore, activation of ERK was inhibited in SPINT2-overexpressing SMCs. A specific ERK agonist, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, reversed the SPINT2-mediated inhibition of SMC migration and the phenotypic switching. Collectively, the data indicated that SPINT2 was implicated in the proliferation, migration and phenotypic switching of aortic SMCs, suggesting that it may be involved in TAD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Kangmin Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xing
- Department of Medical Record Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Binshan Zha
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Xie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Huan Ouyang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Wu Y, Chen M, Chen Z, Shu J, Zhang L, Hu J, Yu H, Huang K, Liang M. Theaflavin-3,3′-Digallate from Black Tea Inhibits Neointima Formation Through Suppression of the PDGFRβ Pathway in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:861319. [PMID: 35903325 PMCID: PMC9315285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.861319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal neointima formation caused by the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth cells (VSMCs) into a synthetic state plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and postangioplasty restenosis. Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate (TF3) in black tea has been reported to exert antiinflammatory and anticancer effects, but its role in neointima formation remains unclear. Here, we delineated a remarkable effect of TF3 in suppressing neointima formation of VSMCs in vivo as well as the ability of primary rat aortic smooth cells (RASMCs) to proliferate and migrate in vitro. Further study confirmed that the effects of TF3 on PDGF-BB–induced RASMCs were due to reduced phosphorylation of PDGFRβ, which led to the repression of downstream pathways. We concluded that TF3 may act as a repressor in the progression of neointima formation and serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for excessive phenotypic switching of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangcheng Shu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Huang, ; Minglu Liang,
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Huang, ; Minglu Liang,
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Shiromoto Y, Niki Y, Kikuchi T, Yoshihara Y, Oguma T, Nemoto K, Chiba K, Kanaji A, Matsumoto M, Nakamura M. Increased migratory activity and cartilage regeneration by superficial-zone chondrocytes in enzymatically treated cartilage explants. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:256. [PMID: 35296296 PMCID: PMC8925221 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited chondrocyte migration and impaired cartilage-to-cartilage healing is a barrier in cartilage regenerative therapy. Collagenase treatment and delivery of a chemotactic agent may play a positive role in chondrocyte repopulation at the site of cartilage damage. This study evaluated chondrocyte migratory activity after enzymatic treatment in cultured cartilage explant. Differential effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) dimeric isoforms on the migratory activity were investigated to define major chemotactic factors for cartilage. Methods Full-thickness cartilage (4-mm3 blocks) were harvested from porcine femoral condyles and subjected to explant culture. After 15 min or 60 min of actinase and collagenase treatments, chondrocyte migration and infiltration into a 0.5-mm cartilage gap was investigated. Cell morphology and lubricin, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin 4 sulfate expression in superficial- and deep-zone chondrocytes were assessed. The chemotactic activities of PDGF-AA, −AB, and -BB were measured in each zone of chondrocytes, using a modified Boyden chamber assay. The protein and mRNA expression and histological localization of PDGF-β were analyzed by western blot analysis, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry, and results in each cartilage zone were compared. Results Superficial-zone chondrocytes had higher migratory activity than deep-zone chondrocytes and actively bridged the cartilage gap, while metachromatic staining by toluidine blue and immunoreactivities of keratan sulfate and chondroitin 4 sulfate were detected around the cells migrating from the superficial zone. These superficial-zone cells with weak immunoreactivity for lubricin tended to enter the cartilage gap and possessed higher migratory activity, while the deep-zone chondrocytes remained in the lacuna and exhibited less migratory activity. Among PDGF isoforms, PDGF-AB maximized the degree of chemotactic activity of superficial zone chondrocytes. Increased expression of PDGF receptor-β was associated with higher migratory activity of the superficial-zone chondrocytes. Conclusions In enzymatically treated cartilage explant culture, chondrocyte migration and infiltration into the cartilage gap was higher in the superficial zone than in the deep zone. Preferential expression of PDGF receptor-β combined with the PDGF-AB dimeric isoform may explain the increased migratory activity of the superficial-zone chondrocytes. Cells migrating from superficial zone may contribute to cartilage regeneration. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05210-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Shiromoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yasuo Niki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kikuchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama City, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Murayama Medical Center, 2-37-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama City, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan
| | - Takemi Oguma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Koichi Nemoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Chiba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Arihiko Kanaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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5
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Wang X, Jiang C, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Fan H, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Tian F, Li J, Yang H, Hao D. The promoting effects of activated olfactory ensheathing cells on angiogenesis after spinal cord injury through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:23. [PMID: 35246244 PMCID: PMC8895872 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the pro-angiogenic potential of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) activated by curcumin (CCM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods Vascular endothelial cells or tissues were cultured and treated with conditioned medium (CM) extracted from activated OECs activated through the addition of LPS and CCM or unactivated controls. Concomitantly, the pro-angiogenic potential of OECs was assessed in vitro by aortic ring sprouting assay, endothelial wound healing assay, CCK-8 assay, and tube formation assay. Subsequently, the OECs were co-cultured with endothelial cells to evaluate their promoting effect on endothelial cell proliferation and migration following a mechanical scratch. Moreover, the spinal cord injury (SCI) model in rats was established, and the number of endothelial cells and vascular structure in the injured area after SCI was observed with OEC transplantation. Finally, the underlying mechanism was investigated by western blot analysis of phosphorylated kinase expression with or without the MK-2206 (Akt-inhibitor). Result The present results showed that the activated OECs can effectively promote vascular endothelial cells' proliferation, migration, and vessel-like structure formation. Strikingly, several pro-angiogenic growth factors such as VEGF-A and PDGF-AA, which facilitate vessel formation, were found to be significantly elevated in CM. In addition, the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was found to be involved in pro-angiogenic events caused by activated OEC CM, displaying higher phosphorylation levels in cells. In contrast, the delivery of MK2206 can effectively abrogate all the positive effects. Conclusions OECs activated by LPS and CCM have a pro-angiogenic effect and can effectively promote angiogenesis and improve the microenvironment at the injury site when transplanted in the injured spinal cord. This potentiated ability of OECs to provide pro-angiogenic effects is likely mediated through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00765-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.,Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Yongyuan Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.,Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Fang Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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6
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Chen X, Yang T, Zhang C, Ma Z. RNA-seq based transcriptome analysis of ethanol extract of saffron protective effect against corticosterone-induced PC12 cell injury. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:29. [PMID: 35101009 PMCID: PMC8805246 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, oral antidepressants are commonly used in the clinical treatment of depression. However, the current drug treatment may lead to more serious adverse reactions. Therefore, we focus on Chinese traditional medicine, trying to find an effective and safe alternative or complementary medicine. Crocus sativus (saffron) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which is typically used in the clinic to regulate anxiety, insomnia, amnesia, and other mental disorder. The study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of ethanol extract of saffron (EES) on corticosterone (CORT)- induced injury in PC12 cells and further explored its potential mechanism. Methods The authenticity of saffron and the active components of EES were identified by a water test and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry system. The screening of cytotoxicity for PC12 cells was incubated with EES in different concentrations for 24 h, and the protective efficacy of EES on CORT (500 μM) -induced PC12 cell injury, cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of EES-protected PC12 cells were analyzed using the RNA-seq method, and the results were analyzed for GO and KEGG enrichment. The results of RNA-seq were verified by qPCR analysis. Results The saffron was initially identified as authentic in the water test and 10 compounds were identified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC)- Mass Spectrometry (MS). The results of CCK-8 demonstrated that EES at concentrations above 640 μg/mL exerted a certain cytotoxic effect, and PC12 cells pretreated with EES (20, 40, and 80 μg/mL) significantly reversed the 500 μM CORT-induced cell death. RNA-seq analysis showed that EES regulated 246 differential genes, which were mainly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. Dusp5, Dusp6, Gadd45b, Gadd45G, and Pdgfc were further validated by qPCR. Experimental data showed that the results of qPCR were consistent with RNA-seq. Conclusions These findings provide an innovative understanding of the molecular mechanism of the protective effect of EES on PC12 cells at the molecular transcription level, and Dusp5, Dusp6, Gadd45b, Gadd45g, and Pdgfc may be potential novel targets for antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Congen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Shetye AG, Rathee M, Jain P, Agarkar V, Kaushik S, Alam M. Effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor on tissues around implants in maxillary anterior region. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2022; 22:169-178. [PMID: 36511028 PMCID: PMC9132507 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_301_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (APRF) and concentrated growth factor (CGF) on tissues around implants in the maxillary anterior region. Settings and Design This was a prospective clinical study. Materials and Methods Thirty subjects were divided into three groups with 10 dental implants in each group, i.e., Group 1: Control group, Group 2: Endosseous implant placement with APRF, and Group 3: Endosseous implant placement with CGF. The subjects were assessed at baseline (at the time of prosthesis placement), 2 weeks, 2 months, 6 months, and 1 year for modified sulcular bleeding index, periimplant probing depth, mucosal suppuration, bleeding on probing, crestal bone level as well as implant stability. Statistical Analysis Used Oneway Analysis of variance and Post hoc Bonferroni were the statistical tests used. Results The difference in implant stability at 2 months was significantly (P < 0.05) more among the control and CGF groups compared to APRF group. However; the crestal bone levels, periimplant probing depth, modified sulcular bleeding index, mucosal suppuration, and bleeding on probing were statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion CGF and APRF accelerated osseointegration. Furthermore, they had a positive effect on stabilization values. However, CGF showed better results and with further clinical trials may show a positive effect on implant healing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Gopal Shetye
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Manu Rathee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Prachi Jain
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Prachi Jain, Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India. E-mail:
| | - Vipul Agarkar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Smriti Kaushik
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Maqbul Alam
- Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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8
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Zhang H, Wang S, Lei C, Li G, Wang B. Experimental study of negative pressure wound therapy combined with platelet-rich fibrin for bone-exposed wounds. Regen Med 2021; 17:23-35. [PMID: 34905932 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in treating bone-exposed wounds and explore its possible mechanism. Materials & methods: A bone-exposed wound was created in a total of 32 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into either control group, NPWT group, PRF group or both (N + P group). The bone-exposed area, skin contraction rate and granulation coverage and the level of growth factors in granulation tissue were determined on days 4, 7 and 10. Results: The N + P group showed significantly higher wound closure rate than that achieved with others respectively. Four factors were significantly higher in N + P group than in the other three groups. Conclusion: Combination of NPWT and PRF can repair bone-exposed wounds effectively and accelerate wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children's Hospital, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China.,Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China.,Fujian Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China
| | - Songyu Wang
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China
| | - Chen Lei
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China
| | - Guanmin Li
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian, 350000, PR China
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9
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Han JH, Heo KS, Myung CS. Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) accelerates vascular remodelling via p53 and JAK2-STAT3 regulation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4533-4551. [PMID: 34289085 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration lead to neointima formation, which eventually results in cardiovascular hyperplastic diseases. The molecular mechanisms underlying these cellular processes have not been fully understood. Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) has been identified as an anti-apoptotic molecule, but little is known about its target genes and related pathways in VSMC dysfunction or its clinical implication in neointima formation following vascular injury. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Determination, using loss/gain-of-function approaches by gene delivery, of whether CIAPIN1 modulates VSMC proliferation, migration and neointima formation and the underlying mechanisms was carried out. Balloon injury or ligation and local delivery of lentivirus were performed on rat or mouse carotid arteries. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells, the primary cell, was used as the model to evaluate the effect of CIAPIN1 on proliferation and migration. KEY RESULTS CIAPIN1 was overexpressed in the neointimal region of rat arteries. CIAPIN1 deficiency markedly inhibited injury-induced or ligation-induced intimal hyperplasia and suppressed PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression, while overexpression promoted proliferation, migration and neointima formation. CIAPIN1 negatively regulated Tp53 transcription, which promoted cell cycle progression and migration via cyclin E1-CDK2/pRb/PCNA and the MMP2 pathway. CIAPIN1 also increased JAK2 expression, enhancing JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylation by vascular injury, which forced phenotypic switching from contractile to synthetic state in injured arteries. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which CIAPIN1 regulates vascular remodelling and suggest a novel therapeutic target for treating vascular proliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Heo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Kim MS, Choi HS, Wu M, Myung J, Kim EJ, Kim YS, Ro S, Ha SE, Bartlett A, Wei L, Ryu HS, Choi SC, Park WC, Kim KY, Lee MY. Potential Role of PDGFRβ-Associated THBS4 in Colorectal Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092533. [PMID: 32899998 PMCID: PMC7564555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We found increased levels of THBS4 and PDGFRb in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues of colon cancer patients. The relationship and the cause of the increase in these proteins had to be determined. Therefore, we performed several experiments and confirmed that excessive PDGFRb stimulation induces the THBS4 secretion through the intracellular Ca2+ signaling proteins. Our data show the possibility of post-translational modification of THBS4 by PDGFRb stimulation as there was no significant change in the THBS4 mRNA. Abstract Colorectal cancer is a significant cause of death since it frequently metastasizes to several organs such as the lung or liver. Tumor development is affected by various factors, including a tumor microenvironment, which may be an essential factor that leads to tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In the tumor microenvironment, abnormal changes in various growth factors, enzymes, and cytokines can wield a strong influence on cancer. Thrombospondin-4 (THBS4), which is an extracellular matrix protein, also plays essential roles in the tumor microenvironment and mediates angiogenesis by transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is also a downstream signal of TGFβ, is associated with invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer. We identified that PDGFRβ and THBS4 are overexpressed in tumor tissues of colorectal cancer patients, and that PDGF-D expression increased after TGFβ treatment in the colon cancer cell line DLD-1. TGFβ and PDGF-D increased cellular THBS4 protein levels and secretion but did not increase THBS4 mRNA levels. This response was further confirmed by the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) blockade as well as the PDGFRβ blockade. We propose that the PDGFRβ signal leads to a modification of the incomplete form of THBS4 to its complete form through IP3R, STIM1, and Ca2+-signal proteins, which further induces THBS4 secretion. Additionally, we identified that DLD-1 cell-conditioned medium stimulated with PDGF-D promotes adhesion, migration, and proliferation of colon myofibroblast CCD-18co cells, and this effect was intensified in the presence of thrombin. These findings suggest that excessive PDGFRβ signaling due to increased TGFβ and PDGF-D in colorectal tumors leads to over-secretion of THBS4 and proliferative tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seob Kim
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.S.C.); (M.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Hyun Seok Choi
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.S.C.); (M.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.S.C.); (M.W.); (J.M.)
| | - JiYeon Myung
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.S.C.); (M.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Eui Joong Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.J.K.); (Y.S.K.); (H.-S.R.); (S.C.C.)
| | - Yong Sung Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.J.K.); (Y.S.K.); (H.-S.R.); (S.C.C.)
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.R.); (S.E.H.); (A.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Se Eun Ha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.R.); (S.E.H.); (A.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Allison Bartlett
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.R.); (S.E.H.); (A.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.R.); (S.E.H.); (A.B.); (L.W.)
| | - Han-Seung Ryu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.J.K.); (Y.S.K.); (H.-S.R.); (S.C.C.)
| | - Suck Chei Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (E.J.K.); (Y.S.K.); (H.-S.R.); (S.C.C.)
| | - Won Cheol Park
- Department of Surgery, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (W.C.P.); (K.Y.K.)
| | - Keun Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Digestive Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (W.C.P.); (K.Y.K.)
| | - Moon Young Lee
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute, and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.S.K.); (H.S.C.); (M.W.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-9437-6774
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11
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Marchetti E, Mancini L, Bernardi S, Bianchi S, Cristiano L, Torge D, Marzo G, Macchiarelli G. Evaluation of Different Autologous Platelet Concentrate Biomaterials: Morphological and Biological Comparisons and Considerations. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13102282. [PMID: 32429210 PMCID: PMC7288147 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The field of regeneration interventions in oral and maxillofacial surgeries still represents a challenge for researchers and clinicians. Understanding the biological and morphological behaviour of human cells towards the materials used for the regeneration surgeries is key to successfully choosing and applying the appropriate biomaterials for specific clinical situations. The aim of the study was the biological and morphological evaluation of autologous platelet concentrate materials obtained with different protocols, in culture with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF). The study design included the evaluation of Leukocyte-Platelet-Rich-Fibrin (L-PRF), Concentrated Growth Factors (CGF) and autologous platelet gel (APG) in contact with the HPLF cell line after 24 h, 72 h and 7 days of in vitro culture. Cell proliferation and, therefore, viability were evaluated with XTT assays. The morphological response of the cells was evaluated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy. The XTT assay showed an interesting response in the growth curve. In particular, the material that gave the best results was the CGF. The morphological data supported the XTT assay, showing the best results for the CGF and L-PRF. In conclusion, all the platelet-derived materials stimulated the onset of the growth of the HPLF cell line, making them promising options for periodontal regeneration interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Leonardo Mancini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Sara Bernardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
- Microscopy Center, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Serena Bianchi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Diana Torge
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Marzo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (E.M.); (L.M.); (S.B.); (L.C.); (D.T.); (G.M.); (G.M.)
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12
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Fu XH, Chen CZ, Wang Y, Peng YX, Wang WH, Yuan B, Gao Y, Jiang H, Zhang JB. COL1A1 affects apoptosis by regulating oxidative stress and autophagy in bovine cumulus cells. Theriogenology 2019; 139:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Liu Y, Starr MD, Brady JC, Rushing C, Pang H, Adams B, Alvarez D, Theuer CP, Hurwitz HI, Nixon AB. Modulation of Circulating Protein Biomarkers in Cancer Patients Receiving Bevacizumab and the Anti-Endoglin Antibody, TRC105. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2248-2256. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Huang TY, Lin YH, Chang HA, Yeh TY, Chang YH, Chen YF, Chen YC, Li CC, Chiu WT. STIM1 Knockout Enhances PDGF-Mediated Ca 2+ Signaling through Upregulation of the PDGFR⁻PLCγ⁻STIM2 Cascade. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061799. [PMID: 29912163 PMCID: PMC6032054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has mitogenic and chemotactic effects on fibroblasts. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ is one of the first events that occurs following the stimulation of PDGF receptors (PDGFRs). PDGF activates Ca2+ elevation by activating the phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ)-signaling pathway, resulting in ER Ca2+ release. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is the major form of extracellular Ca2+ influx following depletion of ER Ca2+ stores and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a key molecule in the regulation of SOCE. In this study, wild-type and STIM1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) cells were used to investigate the role of STIM1 in PDGF-induced Ca2+ oscillation and its functions in MEF cells. The unexpected findings suggest that STIM1 knockout enhances PDGFR–PLCγ–STIM2 signaling, which in turn increases PDGF-BB-induced Ca2+ elevation. Enhanced expressions of PDGFRs and PLCγ in STIM1 knockout cells induce Ca2+ release from the ER store through PLCγ–IP3 signaling. Moreover, STIM2 replaces STIM1 to act as the major ER Ca2+ sensor in activating SOCE. However, activation of PDGFRs also activate Akt, ERK, and JNK to regulate cellular functions, such as cell migration. These results suggest that alternative switchable pathways can be observed in cells, which act downstream of the growth factors that regulate Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Heng-Ai Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Ying Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Han Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Chi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chun Li
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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15
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Lee J, Lee WK, Seol MY, Lee SG, Kim D, Kim H, Park J, Jung SG, Chung WY, Lee EJ, Jo YS. Coupling of LETM1 up-regulation with oxidative phosphorylation and platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling via YAP1 transactivation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66728-66739. [PMID: 27556512 PMCID: PMC5341833 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent cellular proliferation and metabolic reprogramming are essential processes in carcinogenesis. Here, we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and found that that LETM1, a mitochondrial calcium transporter, is associated with cellular growth signals such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor signaling and insulin signaling pathways. These results were then verified by qRT-PCR and immnunoblotting. Mechanistically, up-regulation of LETM1 induced YAP1 nuclear accumulation, increasing the expression of PDGFB, PDGFRB and THBS4. Consistent with this, LETM1 silencing caused loss of YAP1 nuclear signal, decreasing the expression of PDGFB, PDGFRB and THBS4. Immunohistochemical staining consistently indicated a positive association between LETM1 up-regulation, YAP1 nuclear localization and high PDGFB expression. In clinical data analysis, LETM1 up-regulation in thyroid cancer was found to be related to aggressive tumor features such as lymphovascular invasion (LVI, P < 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (LNM, P = 0.011). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that LETM1 up-regulation increases the risk of LVI and LNM (OR = 3.455, 95% CI = 1.537–7.766 and OR = 3.043, 95% CI = 1.282–7.225, respectively). Collectively, these data suggest that up-regulation of LETM1 induces sustained activation of proliferative signaling pathways, such as PDGF signal pathway by AKT induced YAP1 transactivation, resulting in aggressive thyroid cancer phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Youn Seol
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seul Gi Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daham Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Geun Jung
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Woong Youn Chung
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Neutrophil swarms protect healthy tissues by sealing off sites of infection. In the absence of swarming, microbial invasion of surrounding tissues can result in severe infections. Recent observations in animal models have shown that swarming requires rapid neutrophil responses and well-choreographed neutrophil migration patterns. However, in animal models physical access to the molecular signals coordinating neutrophil activities during swarming is limited. Here, we report the development and validation of large microscale arrays of zymosan-particle clusters for the study of human neutrophils during swarming ex vivo. We characterized the synchronized swarming of human neutrophils under the guidance of neutrophil-released chemokines, and measured the mediators released at different phases of human-neutrophil swarming against targets simulating infections. We found that the network of mediators coordinating human-neutrophil swarming includes start and stop signals, proteolytic enzymes and enzyme inhibitors, as well as modulators of activation of other immune and non-immune cells. We also show that the swarming behavior of neutrophils from patients following major trauma is deficient and gives rise to smaller swarms than those of neutrophils from healthy individuals.
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17
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A potential regulatory network underlying distinct fate commitment of myogenic and adipogenic cells in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44133. [PMID: 28276486 PMCID: PMC5343460 DOI: 10.1038/srep44133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanism controlling myo-adipogenic balance in skeletal muscle is of great significance for human skeletal muscle dysfunction and myopathies as well as livestock meat quality. In the present study, two cell subpopulations with particular potency of adipogenic or myogenic differentiation were isolated from neonatal porcine longissimus dorsi using the preplate method to detect mechanisms underlying distinct fate commitment of myogenic and adipogenic cells in skeletal muscle. Both cells share a common surface expression profile of CD29+CD31−CD34−CD90+CD105+, verifying their mesenchymal origin. A total of 448 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR < 0.05 and |log2 FC| ≥ 1) between two distinct cells were identified via RNA-seq, including 358 up-regulated and 90 down-regulated genes in myogenic cells compared with adipogenic cells. The results of functional annotation and enrichment showed that 42 DEGs were implicated in cell differentiation, among them PDGFRα, ITGA3, ITGB6, MLCK and MLC acted as hubs between environment information processing and cellular process, indicating that the interaction of the two categories exerts an important role in distinct fate commitment of myogenic and adipogenic cells. Particularly, we are first to show that up-regulation of intracellular Ca2+-MLCK and Rho-DMPK, and subsequently elevated MLC, may contribute to the distinct commitment of myogenic and adipogenic lineages via mediating cytoskeleton dynamics.
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18
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Lee JJ, Lee JH, Gu MJ, Han JH, Cho WK, Ma JY. Agastache rugosa Kuntze extract, containing the active component rosmarinic acid, prevents atherosclerosis through up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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19
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Jansson D, Scotter EL, Rustenhoven J, Coppieters N, Smyth LCD, Oldfield RL, Bergin PS, Mee EW, Graham ES, Faull RLM, Dragunow M. Interferon-γ blocks signalling through PDGFRβ in human brain pericytes. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:249. [PMID: 27654972 PMCID: PMC5031293 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption are common features of many brain disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and motor neuron disease. Inflammation is thought to be a driver of BBB breakdown, but the underlying mechanisms for this are unclear. Brain pericytes are critical cells for maintaining the BBB and are immunologically active. We sought to test the hypothesis that inflammation regulates the BBB by altering pericyte biology. METHODS We exposed primary adult human brain pericytes to chronic interferon-gamma (IFNγ) for 4 days and measured associated functional aspects of pericyte biology. Specifically, we examined the influence of inflammation on platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFRβ) expression and signalling, as well as pericyte proliferation and migration by qRT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and western blotting. RESULTS Chronic IFNγ treatment had marked effects on pericyte biology most notably through the PDGFRβ, by enhancing agonist (PDGF-BB)-induced receptor phosphorylation, internalization, and subsequent degradation. Functionally, chronic IFNγ prevented PDGF-BB-mediated pericyte proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Because PDGFRβ is critical for pericyte function and its removal leads to BBB leakage, our results pinpoint a mechanism linking chronic brain inflammation to BBB dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidre Jansson
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Gravida National Centre for Growth and Development, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Emma L Scotter
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin Rustenhoven
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natacha Coppieters
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Leon C D Smyth
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Peter S Bergin
- Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland City Hospital, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edward W Mee
- Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland City Hospital, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Scott Graham
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mike Dragunow
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Gravida National Centre for Growth and Development, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand. .,Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand.
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20
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Rorsman C, Tsioumpekou M, Heldin CH, Lennartsson J. The Ubiquitin Ligases c-Cbl and Cbl-b Negatively Regulate Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF) BB-induced Chemotaxis by Affecting PDGF Receptor β (PDGFRβ) Internalization and Signaling. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:11608-18. [PMID: 27048651 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.705814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination controls protein stability and subcellular localization of tyrosine kinase receptors, hence affecting signaling both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this report, we demonstrate that, after ligand stimulation, the PDGF β receptor (PDGFRβ) becomes ubiquitinated in a manner requiring both the c-Cbl and Cbl-b ubiquitin ligases. Simultaneous depletion of c-Cbl and Cbl-b resulted in reduced ligand-induced PDGFRβ clearance from the cell surface because of reduced endocytosis of the receptor. Cbl-b formed a complex with c-Cbl, as well as with the PDGFRβ, in response to PDGF-BB stimulation. We were unable to find a direct interaction between the receptor and c-Cbl, raising the possibility that Cbl-b is necessary for c-Cbl to interact with PDGFRβ. Phosphorylated Tyr-1021 in PDGFRβ was the primary interaction site for Cbl-b, with some contribution from Tyr-1009. Depletion of c-Cbl and Cbl-b led to an increased ligand-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptor. Several tyrosine residues with elevated phosphorylation (i.e. Tyr-579, Tyr-581, Tyr-1009, and Tyr-1021) have previously been shown to interact with Src kinases and PLCγ. Indeed, in cells depleted of c-Cbl and Cbl-b, both Src and PLCγ phosphorylation were enhanced, whereas activation of other pathways, such as Erk1/2 MAP kinase and Akt, were not affected. In addition, Stat3 phosphorylation, which has been connected to Src activity, was also elevated in cells lacking c-Cbl and Cbl-b. Functionally, we found that cells depleted of c-Cbl and Cbl-b were more prone to migrate toward PDGF-BB, whereas no reproducible effect on cell proliferation could be observed. In conclusion, internalization as well as signaling via PDGFRβ are controlled by ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rorsman
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Tsioumpekou
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Lennartsson
- From the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
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Erdemli HK, Akyol S, Armutcu F, Gulec MA, Canbal M, Akyol O. Melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester in the regulation of mitochondrial function and apoptosis: The basis for future medical approaches. Life Sci 2016; 148:305-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Villasmil ML, Francisco J, Gallo-Ebert C, Donigan M, Liu HY, Brower M, Nickels JT. Ceramide signals for initiation of yeast mating-specific cell cycle arrest. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:441-54. [PMID: 26726837 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1127475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are major constituents of membranes. A number of S. cerevisiae sphingolipid intermediates such as long chains sphingoid bases (LCBs) and ceramides act as signaling molecules regulating cell cycle progression, adaptability to heat stress, and survival in response to starvation. Here we show that S. cerevisiae haploid cells must synthesize ceramide in order to induce mating specific cell cycle arrest. Cells devoid of sphingolipid biosynthesis or defective in ceramide synthesis are sterile and harbor defects in pheromone-induced MAP kinase-dependent transcription. Analyses of G1/S cyclin levels indicate that mutant cells cannot reduce Cln1/2 levels in response to pheromone. FACS analysis indicates a lack of ability to arrest. The addition of LCBs to sphingolipid deficient cells restores MAP kinase-dependent transcription, reduces cyclin levels, and allows for mating, as does the addition of a cell permeable ceramide to cells blocked at ceramide synthesis. Pharmacological studies using the inositolphosphorylceramide synthase inhibitor aureobasidin A indicate that the ability to synthesize and accumulate ceramide alone is sufficient for cell cycle arrest and mating. Studies indicate that ceramide also has a role in PI(4,5)P2 polarization during mating, an event necessary for initiating cell cycle arrest and mating itself. Moreover, our studies suggest a third role for ceramide in localizing the mating-specific Ste5 scaffold to the plasma membrane. Thus, ceramide plays a role 1) in pheromone-induced cell cycle arrest, 2) in activation of MAP kinase-dependent transcription, and 3) in PtdIns(4,5)P2 polarization. All three events are required for differentiation during yeast mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Villasmil
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA.,b Cato Research Ltd. , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Jamie Francisco
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA
| | - Christina Gallo-Ebert
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA
| | - Melissa Donigan
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA
| | - Hsing-Yin Liu
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA
| | - Melody Brower
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA.,c Synthes, Inc , Paoli , PA , USA
| | - Joseph T Nickels
- a The Institute of Metabolic Disorders, Genesis Biotechnology Group , Hamilton , NJ , USA
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23
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Zeng L, Li Y, Yang J, Wang G, Margariti A, Xiao Q, Zampetaki A, Yin X, Mayr M, Mori K, Wang W, Hu Y, Xu Q. XBP 1-Deficiency Abrogates Neointimal Lesion of Injured Vessels Via Cross Talk With the PDGF Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2134-44. [PMID: 26315405 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation play an essential role in neointimal formation after vascular injury. In this study, we intended to investigate whether the X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) was involved in these processes. APPROACH AND RESULTS In vivo studies on femoral artery injury models revealed that vascular injury triggered an immediate upregulation of XBP1 expression and splicing in vascular SMCs and that XBP1 deficiency in SMCs significantly abrogated neointimal formation in the injured vessels. In vitro studies indicated that platelet-derived growth factor-BB triggered XBP1 splicing in SMCs via the interaction between platelet-derived growth factor receptor β and the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α. The spliced XBP1 (XBP1s) increased SMC migration via PI3K/Akt activation and proliferation via downregulating calponin h1 (CNN1). XBP1s directed the transcription of mir-1274B that targeted CNN1 mRNA degradation. Proteomic analysis of culture media revealed that XBP1s decreased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family proteins secretion via transcriptional suppression. TGF-β3 but not TGF-β1 or TGF-β2 attenuated XBP1s-induced CNN1 decrease and SMC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that XBP1 is crucial for SMC proliferation via modulating the platelet-derived growth factor/TGF-β pathways, leading to neointimal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfang Zeng
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.).
| | - Yi Li
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Juanyao Yang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Gang Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Andriana Margariti
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Anna Zampetaki
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Xiaoke Yin
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Manuel Mayr
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Kazutoshi Mori
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Wen Wang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Yanhua Hu
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Qingbo Xu
- From the Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, United Kingdom (L.Z., Y.L., J.Y., A.Z., X.Y., M.M., Y.H., Q.X.); Institute of Bioengineering (J.Y., W.W.) and Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry (Q.X.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (G.W.); Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom (A.M.); and Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan (K.M.).
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Han JH, Kim Y, Jung SH, Lee JJ, Park HS, Song GY, Cuong NM, Kim YH, Myung CS. Murrayafoline A Induces a G0/G1-Phase Arrest in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 19:421-6. [PMID: 26330754 PMCID: PMC4553401 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.5.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The increased potential for vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth is a key abnormality in the development of atherosclerosis and post-angioplasty restenosis. Abnormally high activity of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is believed to play a central role in the etiology of these pathophysiological situations. Here, we investigated the anti-proliferative effects and possible mechanism(s) of murrayafoline A, a carbazole alkaloid isolated from Glycosmis stenocarpa Guillamin (Rutaceae), on PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Murrayafoline A inhibited the PDGF-BB-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner, as measured using a non-radioactive colorimetric WST-1 assay and direct cell counting. Furthermore, murrayafoline A suppressed the PDGF-BB-stimulated progression through G0/G1 to S phase of the cell cycle, as measured by [3H]-thymidine incorporation assay and cell cycle progression analysis. This anti-proliferative action of murrayafoline A, arresting cell cycle progression at G0/G1 phase in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs, was mediated via down-regulation of the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, CDK4, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb). These results indicate that murrayafoline A may be useful in preventing the progression of vascular complications such as restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hui Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Jung-Jin Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 701-300, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Gyu-Yong Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. ; Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Nguyen Manh Cuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., 122100 Caugiay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Young Ho Kim
- Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. ; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Myung
- Department of Pharmacology, Chungnam National University College of Pharmacy, Daejeon 305-764, Korea. ; Institute of Drug Research & Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
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25
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Lee KP, Sudjarwo GW, Jung SH, Lee D, Lee DY, Lee GB, Baek S, Kim DY, Lee HM, Kim B, Kwon SC, Won KJ. Carvacrol inhibits atherosclerotic neointima formation by downregulating reactive oxygen species production in vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2015; 240:367-73. [PMID: 25875388 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carvacrol (2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) phenol), a cyclic monoterpene, exerts protective activities in a variety of pathological states including tumor growth, inflammation, and oxidative stress. However, it is unknown whether carvacrol affects events in vascular cells during the development of atherosclerotic neointima. We investigated the effects of carvacrol on the migration and proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) and on vascular neointima formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Carvacrol significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated RASMC migration and proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Cell viability was not affected by treatment with carvacrol. Carvacrol attenuated the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in response to PDGF-BB. Moreover, carvacrol suppressed the PDGF-BB-stimulated generation of H2O2 and inhibited the activity of NOX in RASMCs. Treatment with carvacrol inhibited PDGF-BB-induced aortic sprout outgrowth, balloon injury-evoked vascular neointima formation, and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the neointima. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that carvacrol inhibits migration and proliferation of RASMCs by suppressing the reactive oxygen species-mediated MAPK signaling pathway in these cells, thereby attenuating vascular neointimal formation. Carvacrol may be a promising agent for preventing vascular restenosis or atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Pa Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Giftania W Sudjarwo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyo Jung
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Donghyen Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Dong-Youb Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Gyoung Beom Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Suji Baek
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Do-Yoon Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Asan 336-795, South Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Natural Science, Hoseo University, Asan 336-795, South Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
| | - Seong-Chun Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Kangneung 201-701, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Jong Won
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea.
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Cao J, Zhang K, Zheng J, Dong R. MicroRNA-146a and -21 cooperate to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via modulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2889-95. [PMID: 25523239 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of microRNAs (miRs) have been shown to participate in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, a key step in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque, by targeting certain genes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of miR‑146a and miR‑21 in VSMC growth and to study the underlying mechanisms. The expression levels of four previously reported, differentially expressed microRNAs in atherosclerotic plaque (miR‑146a/b, miR‑21, miR‑34a and miR‑210) were measured in two groups: An atherosclerotic plaque group (n=10) and a normal control group (n=10). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed that the relative expression levels of miR‑146a and miR‑21 in atherosclerotic plaque samples were significantly upregulated to ~260 and 250%, respectively, compared with those in normal controls. Notch2 and Jag1 were confirmed to be target genes of miR‑146a and miR‑21 through the use of a luciferase assay, PCR and western blot analysis. Additionally, VSMCs transfected with miR‑146a expressed significantly lower levels of Notch2 protein and presented an accelerated cell proliferation, which could be attributed to a reduction in the levels of cell cycle arrest. Cotransfection of miR‑146a and miR‑21 further promoted cell cycle progression in addition to VSMC proliferation. In conclusion, the present study revealed that miR‑146a and miR‑21 were significantly upregulated in atherosclerotic plaque, and cooperated to accelerate VSMC growth and cell cycle progression by targeting Notch2 and Jag1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Bejing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Bejing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jubing Zheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Bejing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Bejing 100029, P.R. China
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27
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Kim TH, Kim SH, Sándor GK, Kim YD. Comparison of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factor (CGF) in rabbit-skull defect healing. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:550-8. [PMID: 24667430 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factor (CGF) on bone healing. STUDY DESIGN Twelve rabbits were included in this randomized, blinded, prospective study. 15-mm×10-mm-sized defects were created in the parietal bone, filled with PRP, PRF, CGF, and void. The bone mineral density and bone volume were analyzed with microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometrics at the 6th and 12th week. RESULTS In micro-CT analysis, bone mineral density and bone volume were greater in the experimental group than in controls at both 6th and 12th week, but not among the experimental groups. Similarly, histomorphometric examination revealed that more bone formation was seen in the experimental group. CONCLUSION The addition of PRP, PRF, and CGF had significantly increased bone formation at the 6th week. The effect of PRP, PRF, and CGF was similar and may be useful in the future to increase the success rate of bone grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, and Institute for Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, and Institute for Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - George K Sándor
- Regea, BioMediTech, Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Yong-Deok Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Research Institute, and Institute for Translational Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Liu Y, Starr MD, Brady JC, Dellinger A, Pang H, Adams B, Theuer CP, Lee NY, Hurwitz HI, Nixon AB. Modulation of circulating protein biomarkers following TRC105 (anti-endoglin antibody) treatment in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Med 2014; 3:580-91. [PMID: 24574330 PMCID: PMC4101749 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TRC105 is an endoglin-targeting drug that possesses anti-angiogenic and antitumor potential. Analysis of the initial phase I trial of TRC105 demonstrated good tolerability and efficacy in cancer patients. In this report, we analyzed multiple circulating biomarkers at baseline, cycle 2 day 1 (C2D1), and end of study (EOS) for each patient. The baseline level and the fold change from baseline to both C2D1 and EOS for each marker were statistically analyzed. At C2D1, seven markers were significantly downregulated (angiopoietin-2 [Ang-2], insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 [IGFBP-3], plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 [PAI-1] total, platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]-AA, PDGF-BB, thrombospondin-1 [TSP-1], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]-D). Meanwhile, seven markers were upregulated by C2D1 (E-Cadherin, soluble Endoglin [sEnd], E-Selectin, interleukin-6 [IL-6], osteopontin [OPN], TSP-2, and von Willebrand factor [vWF]). At EOS, seven markers were upregulated including Ang-2, C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), IGFBP-1, IL-6, TSP-2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). A statistical trend was also seen for increases of VEGF-A and placenta growth factor (PlGF) at EOS. Throughout treatment, sEnd levels significantly increased, an observation that was recapitulated in cultured endothelial cells. This is the first report of plasma-based biomarkers in patients receiving TRC105. TRC105 treatment by C2D1 was associated with decreases in several angiogenic factors, including Ang-2, PDGF isoforms, and VEGF isoforms, offering insight into the mechanisms underlying TRC105's anti-angiogenic, antitumor function. Increases in sEnd were the most significant of all observed biomarker changes and may reflect direct drug effects. Additionally, biomarker changes in response to TRC105 are distinct from those seen in patients treated with VEGF-targeting drugs, suggesting the possible utility of combining these two classes of angiogenesis inhibitors in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Zhang ZX, Shen CF, Zou WH, Shou LH, Zhang HY, Jin WJ. Exploration of molecular mechanisms of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma development using a microarray. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:1731-5. [PMID: 23679265 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify key genes, pathways and function modules in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with microarray data and interaction network analysis. METHODS Microarray data sets for 7 DLBCL samples and 7 normal controls was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with Student's t-test. KEGG functional enrichment analysis was performed to uncover their biological functions. Three global networks were established for immune system, signaling molecules and interactions and cancer genes. The DEGs were compared with the networks to observe their distributions and determine important key genes, pathways and modules. RESULTS A total of 945 DEGs were obtained, 272 up-regulated and 673 down-regulated. KEGG analysis revealed that two groups of pathways were significantly enriched: immune function and signaling molecules and interactions. Following interaction network analysis further confirmed the association of DEGs in immune system, signaling molecules and interactions and cancer genes. CONCLUSIONS Our study could systemically characterize gene expression changes in DLBCL with microarray technology. A range of key genes, pathways and function modules were revealed. Utility in diagnosis and treatment may be expected with further focused research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Xin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Guo J, Li L, Wu YJ, Yan Y, Xu XN, Wang SB, Yuan TY, Fang LH, Du GH. Inhibitory Effects of Brazilin on the Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration Induced by PDGF-BB. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:1283-96. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Brazilin isolated from the heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. has been reported to exhibit various biological activities, such as anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, vasorelaxation and pro-apoptosis. However, the functional effects of Brazilin on VSMCs remain unexplored. The present study investigated the potential effects of Brazilin on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB induced VSMC proliferation and migration as well as the underlying mechanism of action. VSMC proliferation and migration were measured by Crystal Violet Staining, wound-healing and Boyden chamber assays, respectively. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. Enzymatic action of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was carried out by gelatin zymography. Expression of adhesion molecules, cell cycle regulatory proteins, the phosphorylated levels of PDGF receptor β (PDGF-Rβ), Src, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt were tested by immunoblotting. The present study demonstrated that pretreatment with Brazilin dose-dependently inhibited PDGF-BB stimulated VSMC proliferation and migration, which were associated with a cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, a reduction in the adhesion molecule expression and MMP-9 activation in VSMCs. Furthermore, the increase in PDGF-Rβ, Src, ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation induced by PDGF-BB were suppressed by Brazilin. These findings indicate that Brazilin inhibits PDGF-BB induced VSMC proliferation and migration, and the inhibitory effects of Brazilin may be associated with the blockade of PDGF-Rβ - ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways. In conclusion, the present study implicates that Brazilin may be useful as an anti-proliferative agent for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiao-Na Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shou-Bao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tian-Yi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lian-Hua Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing 100050, China
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Wagner B, Gorin Y. Src tyrosine kinase mediates platelet-derived growth factor BB-induced and redox-dependent migration in metanephric mesenchymal cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2013; 306:F85-97. [PMID: 24197068 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00371.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult kidney is derived from the interaction between the metanephric blastema and the ureteric bud. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor β is essential for the development of the mature glomerular tuft, as mice deficient for this receptor lack mesangial cells. This study investigated the role of Src tyrosine kinase in PDGF-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and migration of metanephric mesenchymal cells (MMCs). Cultured embryonic MMCs from wild-type and PDGF receptor-deficient embryos were established. Migration was determined via wound-healing assay. Unlike PDGF AA, PDGF BB-induced greater migration in MMCs with respect to control. This was abrogated by neutralizing an antibody to PDGF BB. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors suppressed PDGF BB-induced migration. Conversely, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors had no effect. Src inhibitors inhibited PDGF-induced cell migration, PI3K activity, and Akt phosphorylation. Adenoviral dominant negative Src (AD DN Src) abrogated PDGF BB-induced Akt phosphorylation. Hydrogen peroxide stimulated cell migration. PDGF BB-induced wound closure was inhibited by the antioxidants N-acetyl-l-cysteine, tiron, and the flavoprotein inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium. These cells express the NADPH oxidase homolog Nox4. Inhibiting Nox4 with antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppressed PDGF-induced wound closure. Inhibition of Src with siRNA reduced PDGF BB-induced ROS generation as assessed by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate fluorescence. Furthermore, PDGF BB-stimulated ROS generation and migration were similarly suppressed by Ad DN Src. In MMCs, PDGF BB-induced migration is mediated by PI3K and Src in a redox-dependent manner involving Nox4. Src may be upstream to PI3K and Nox4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Wagner
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Div. of Nephrology MC 7882, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229-3900.
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Ott LE, Sung EJ, Melvin AT, Sheats MK, Haugh JM, Adler KB, Jones SL. Fibroblast Migration Is Regulated by Myristoylated Alanine-Rich C-Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) Protein. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66512. [PMID: 23840497 PMCID: PMC3686679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is a ubiquitously expressed substrate of protein kinase C (PKC) that is involved in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. We hypothesized that MARCKS is involved in regulation of fibroblast migration and addressed this hypothesis by utilizing a unique reagent developed in this laboratory, the MANS peptide. The MANS peptide is a myristoylated cell permeable peptide corresponding to the first 24-amino acids of MARCKS that inhibits MARCKS function. Treatment of NIH-3T3 fibroblasts with the MANS peptide attenuated cell migration in scratch wounding assays, while a myristoylated, missense control peptide (RNS) had no effect. Neither MANS nor RNS peptide treatment altered NIH-3T3 cell proliferation within the parameters of the scratch assay. MANS peptide treatment also resulted in inhibited NIH-3T3 chemotaxis towards the chemoattractant platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), with no effect observed with RNS treatment. Live cell imaging of PDGF-BB induced chemotaxis demonstrated that MANS peptide treatment resulted in weak chemotactic fidelity compared to RNS treated cells. MANS and RNS peptides did not affect PDGF-BB induced phosphorylation of MARCKS or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling, as measured by Akt phosphorylation. Further, no difference in cell migration was observed in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts that were transfected with MARCKS siRNAs with or without MANS peptide treatment. Genetic structure-function analysis revealed that MANS peptide-mediated attenuation of NIH-3T3 cell migration does not require the presence of the myristic acid moiety on the amino-terminus. Expression of either MANS or unmyristoylated MANS (UMANS) C-terminal EGFP fusion proteins resulted in similar levels of attenuated cell migration as observed with MANS peptide treatment. These data demonstrate that MARCKS regulates cell migration and suggests that MARCKS-mediated regulation of fibroblast migration involves the MARCKS amino-terminus. Further, this data demonstrates that MANS peptide treatment inhibits MARCKS function during fibroblast migration and that MANS mediated inhibition occurs independent of myristoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Ott
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Eui Jae Sung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam T. Melvin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Mary K. Sheats
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jason M. Haugh
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kenneth B. Adler
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Samuel L. Jones
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Choi BK, Cha BY, Yagyu T, Woo JT, Ojika M. Sponge-derived acetylenic alcohols, petrosiols, inhibit proliferation and migration of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced vascular smooth muscle cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1804-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Increase of Grb2 and Ras Proteins and Expression of Growth Factors in LPS Stimulated Odontoblast-like Dental Pulp Cells. Appl Microsc 2013. [DOI: 10.9729/am.2013.43.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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35
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Park ES, Kang SI, Yoo KD, Lee MY, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Shin HS, Kim B, Yun YP. Camptothecin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced proliferation of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells through inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:982-91. [PMID: 23328306 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in arterial wall is a major cause of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. In this study, we investigated not only the inhibitory effects of camptothecin (CPT) on PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, but also its molecular mechanism of this inhibition. CPT significantly inhibited proliferation with IC50 value of 0.58 μM and the DNA synthesis of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner (0.5-2 μM ) without any cytotoxicity. CPT induced the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Also, CPT decreased the expressions of G0/G1-specific regulatory proteins including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, cyclin D1 and PCNA in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Pre-incubation of VSMCs with CPT significantly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced Akt activation, whereas CPT did not affect PDGF-receptor beta phosphorylation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation and phospholipase C (PLC)-γ1 phosphorylation in PDGF-BB signaling pathway. Our data showed that CPT pre-treatment inhibited VSMC proliferation, and that the inhibitory effect of CPT was enhanced by LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, on PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation. In addition, inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway by LY294002 significantly enhanced the suppression of PCNA expression and Akt activation by CPT. These results suggest that the anti-proliferative activity of CPT is mediated in part by downregulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seok Park
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Division of Life Science, College of Health and Biomedical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Chungbuk, South Korea
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Veith C, Schmitt S, Veit F, Dahal BK, Wilhelm J, Klepetko W, Marta G, Seeger W, Schermuly RT, Grimminger F, Ghofrani HA, Fink L, Weissmann N, Kwapiszewska G. Cofilin, a hypoxia-regulated protein in murine lungs identified by 2DE: Role of the cytoskeletal protein cofilin in pulmonary hypertension. Proteomics 2013; 13:75-88. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Veith
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Sigrid Schmitt
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Giessen; Giessen Germany
| | - Florian Veit
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Bhola Kumar Dahal
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Gabriel Marta
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Werner Seeger
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ludger Fink
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC); Giessen Germany
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research; Graz Austria
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Dehydroglyasperin C, a component of liquorice, attenuates proliferation and migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor in human arterial smooth muscle cells. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:391-400. [PMID: 23298457 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512005399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Liquorice is one of the botanicals used frequently as a traditional medicine in the West and in the East. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB is involved in the development of CVD by inducing abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. In our preliminary study, dehydroglyasperin C (DGC), an active compound of liquorice, showed strong antioxidant activity. Since phytochemicals with antioxidant activities showed beneficial effects on chronic inflammatory diseases, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of DGC on PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). Treatment of HASMC with DGC for 24 h significantly decreased PDGF-induced cell number and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity, as demonstrated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test and thymidine incorporation. Upon cell cycle analysis, DGC blocked the PDGF-induced progression through the G0/G1 to S phase of the cell cycle, and down-regulated the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK); 2, cyclin E, CDK4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, DGC significantly attenuated PDGF-stimulated phosphorylation of PDGF receptor-b, phospholipase C-g1, AKT and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2, and DGC inhibited cell migration and the dissociation of actin filaments by PDGF. In a rat vascular balloon injury model, DGC suppressed an excessive reduction in luminal diameters and neointimal formation compared with the control group. These results demonstrate the mechanistic basis for the prevention of CVD and the potential therapeutic properties of DGC.
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Caldwell GB, Howe AK, Nickl CK, Dostmann WR, Ballif BA, Deming PB. Direct modulation of the protein kinase A catalytic subunit α by growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:39-48. [PMID: 21866565 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.23325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) regulates processes such as cell proliferation and migration following activation of growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), yet the signaling mechanisms that link PKA with growth factor receptors remain largely undefined. Here we report that RTKs can directly modulate the function of the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA-C) through post-translational modification. In vitro kinase assays revealed that both the epidermal growth factor and platelet derived growth factor receptors (EGFR and PDGFR, respectively) tyrosine phosphorylate PKA-C. Mass spectrometry identified tyrosine 330 (Y330) as a receptor-mediated phosphorylation site and mutation of Y330 to phenylalanine (Y330F) all but abolished the RTK-mediated phosphorylation of PKA-C in vitro. Y330 resides within a conserved region at the C-terminal tail of PKA-C that allosterically regulates enzymatic activity. Therefore, the effect of phosphorylation at Y330 on the activity of PKA-C was investigated. The K(m) for a peptide substrate was markedly decreased when PKA-C subunits were tyrosine phosphorylated by the receptors as compared to un-phosphorylated controls. Importantly, tyrosine-phosphorylated PKA-C subunits were detected in cells stimulated with EGF, PDGF, and Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and in fibroblasts undergoing PDGF-mediated chemotaxis. These results demonstrate a direct, functional interaction between RTKs and PKA-C and identify tyrosine phosphorylation as a novel mechanism for regulating PKA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Caldwell
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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Wang Y, Serra R. PDGF mediates TGFβ-induced migration during development of the spinous process. Dev Biol 2012; 365:110-7. [PMID: 22369999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms mediating closure of the dorsal vertebrae are not clear. Previously, we showed that deletion of TGFβ type II receptor (Tgfbr2) in sclerotome in mice results in failure in the formation of the spinous process, mimicking spina bifida occulta, a common malformation in humans. In this study, we aimed to determine whether missing dorsal structures in Tgfbr2 mutant mice were due to defects in mesenchymal migration and to clarify mechanism of TGFβ-mediated migration. First, we showed that gross alterations in dorsal vertebrae were apparent by E16.5days in Tgfbr2 mutants. In addition, histological staining showed that the mesenchyme adjacent to the developing cartilage was thin compared to controls likely due to reduced proliferation and migration of these cells. Next, we used a chemotaxis migration assay to show that TGFβ promotes migration in mixed cultures of embryonic sclerotome and associated mesenchyme. TGFβ stimulated expression of PDGF ligands and receptors in the cultures and intact PDGF signaling was required for TGFβ-mediated migration. Since PDGF ligands are expressed in the sclerotome-derived cartilage where Tgfbr2 is deleted and the receptors are predominantly expressed in the adjacent mesenchyme, we propose that TGFβ acts on the sclerotome to regulate expression of PDGF ligands, which then act on the associated mesenchyme in a paracrine fashion to mediate proliferation, migration and subsequent differentiation of the adjacent sclerotome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Hee CK, Dines JS, Solchaga LA, Shah VR, Hollinger JO. Regenerative tendon and ligament healing: opportunities with recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB-homodimer. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2012; 18:225-34. [PMID: 22145770 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsic tendon healing in response to injury is a reparative process that often results in formation of scar tissue with functional and mechanical properties inferior to those of the native tendon. Development of therapies that can promote regenerative, rather than reparative, healing hold the promise of improving patient recovery from tendon and ligament injuries by producing tissue that is morphologically and functionally equivalent to the native tissue. One therapeutic approach that has been a frequent topic of investigation in the preclinical literature is the use of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) to augment tendon and ligament repair. The chemotactic, mitogenic, and pro-angiogenic properties of rhPDGF-BB have been shown to result in recruitment and proliferation of tenogenic cells and a commensurate boost in extracellular matrix deposition and organization, improving the morphological and biomechanical properties of healing tendons and ligaments. The outcomes of the preclinical studies reviewed here strongly suggest that rhPDGF-BB will provide a new therapeutic opportunity to improve the treatment of injured tendons and ligaments.
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Zhou B, Margariti A, Zeng L, Habi O, Xiao Q, Martin D, Wang G, Hu Y, Wang X, Xu Q. Splicing of histone deacetylase 7 modulates smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation through nuclear β-catenin translocation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 31:2676-84. [PMID: 21836063 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.230888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation has an indispensable role in the pathogenesis of vascular disease, but the mechanism is not fully elucidated. The epigenetic enzyme histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) is involved in endothelial homeostasis and SMC differentiation and could have a role in SMC proliferation. In this study, we sought to examine the effect of 2 HDAC7 isoforms on SMC proliferation and neointima formation. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrated that overexpression of unspliced HDAC7 (HDAC7u) could suppress SMC proliferation through downregulation of cyclin D1 and cell cycle arrest, whereas spliced HDAC7 (HDAC7s) could not. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of HDAC7 increased SMC proliferation and induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Additional experiments showed that only HDAC7u could bind to β-catenin and retain it in the cytoplasm. Reporter gene assay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed a reduction of β-catenin activity in cells overexpressing HDAC7u but not HDAC7s. Deletion studies indicated that the C-terminal region of HDAC7u is responsible for the interaction with β-catenin. However, the addition of amino acids to the N terminus of HDAC7u disrupted the binding, further strengthening our hypothesis that HDAC7s does not interact with β-catenin. The growth factor platelet-derived growth factor-BB increased the splicing of HDAC7 while simultaneously decreasing the expression of HDAC7u. Importantly, in an animal model of femoral artery wire injury, we demonstrated that knockdown of HDAC7 by siRNA aggravates neointima formation in comparison with control siRNA. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that splicing of HDAC7 modulates SMC proliferation and neointima formation through β-catenin nuclear translocation, which provides a potential therapeutic target in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boda Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Airway smooth muscle has classically been of interest for its contractile response linked to bronchoconstriction. However, terminally differentiated smooth muscle cells are phenotypically plastic and have multifunctional capacity for proliferation, cellular hypertrophy, migration, and the synthesis of extracellular matrix and inflammatory mediators. These latter properties of airway smooth muscle are important in airway remodeling which is a structural alteration that compounds the impact of contractile responses on limiting airway conductance. In this overview, we describe the important signaling components and the functional evidence supporting a view of smooth muscle cells at the core of fibroproliferative remodeling of hollow organs. Signal transduction components and events are summarized that control the basic cellular processes of proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis, and cellular migration. We delineate known intracellular control mechanisms and suggest future areas of interest to pursue to more fully understand factors that regulate normal myocyte function and airway remodeling in obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
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Wiedon A, Tölle M, Bastine J, Schuchardt M, Huang T, Jankowski V, Jankowski J, Zidek W, van der Giet M. Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) is a strong inductor of smooth muscle cell migration via activation of the P2Y2 receptor and cross-communication to the PDGF receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:1035-40. [PMID: 22214933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recently discovered dinucleotide uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up(4)A) was found in human plasma and characterized as endothelium-derived vasoconstrictive factor (EDCF). A further study revealed a positive correlation between Up(4)A and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Due to the dominant role of migration in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions our aim was to investigate the migration stimulating potential of Up(4)A. Indeed, we found a strong chemoattractant effect of Up(4)A on VSMC by using a modified Boyden chamber. This migration dramatically depends on osteopontin secretion (OPN) revealed by the reduction of the migration signal down to 23% during simultaneous incubation with an OPN-blocking antibody. Due to inhibitory patterns using specific and unspecific purinoreceptor inhibitors, Up(4)A mediates it's migratory signal mainly via the P2Y(2). The signaling behind the receptor was investigated with luminex technique and revealed an activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway. By use of the specific PDGF receptor (PDGFR) inhibitor AG1296 and siRNA technique against PDGFR-β we found a strongly reduced migration signal after Up(4)A stimulation in the PDGFR-β knockdown cells compared to control cells. In this study, we present substantiate data that Up(4)A exhibits migration stimulating potential probably involving the signaling cascade of MEK1 and ERK1/2 as well as the matrix protein OPN. We further suggest that the initiation of the migration process occurs predominant through direct activation of the P2Y(2) by Up(4)A and via transactivation of the PDGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Wiedon
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CharitéCentrum, Department of Nephrology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany
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Moteki H, Kimura M, Ogihara M. Activation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase by platelet-derived growth factor is potentiated by phenylephrine in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:980-6. [PMID: 21720001 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of the α(1)-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated and cultured with PDGF (10 ng/ml) and/or α-adrenergic agonist. Phosphorylated ERK isoforms (ERK1 and ERK2) were detected by Western blotting analysis using anti-phospho mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) antibody. PDGF stimulated phosphorylation of ERK2 (42 kDa MAPK) by 2.0-fold within 3-5 min. The PDGF-induced ERK activation was abolished by AG1296 (10(-7) M) or LY294002 (10(-7) M) treatment. MAPK kinase inhibitor, PD98059 (10(-6) M), completely inhibited the PDGF-induced increase in ERK activity. In addition, PDGF-induced mammalian target of rapamycin activity was completely inhibited by AG1296, LY294002, PD98059, or rapamycin treatment. Phenylephrine alone showed no effects on ERKs, but significantly increased phosphorylation of ERK2 induced by PDGF. Moreover, a synthetic analog of diacylglycerol (DG), phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (TPA; 10(-7) M), potentiated PDGF-induced ERK2 phosphorylation, while ionomycin had no effect (10(-6) M). The effects of phenylephrine and TPA were antagonized by the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122 (10(-7) M), and the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X (10(-7) M), respectively. Accordingly, PDGF-induced DNA synthesis and proliferation in the presence or absence of phenylephrine or TPA were completely inhibited by AG1296, LY294002, PD98059, or rapamycin treatment. These results suggest that activation of PLC/PKC by phenylephrine represent an indirect positive regulatory mechanism for stimulating ERK induced by 10 ng/ml PDGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Moteki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1–1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350–0295, Japan
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Park ES, Yoo JM, Lim Y, Tudev M, Yoo HS, Hong JT, Yun YP. Inhibitory effects of docetaxel on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through blocking PDGF-receptor β phosphorylation. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 116:204-13. [PMID: 21685708 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10276fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in arterial wall is an important pathogenic factor for vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty. The present study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of docetaxel on VSMC proliferation, as well as the molecular mechanism of this inhibition. Docetaxel at 10, 20 and 40 µM significantly inhibited both the proliferation and the DNA synthesis of fetal bovine serum (FBS)- and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. In accordance with these findings, docetaxel blocked the FBS- and PDGF-BB-induced progression of synchronized cells through the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Docetaxel also decreased the expressions of cell cycle-related proteins, including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, cyclin E, CDK4, cyclin D1, retinoblastoma protein, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen in PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Docetaxel significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, Akt, and phospholipase C-γ1, downstream molecule in the PDGF-BB signaling pathway. Docetaxel suppressed the phosphorylation of PDGF receptor (PDGF-R) β, the upstream molecule in PDGF-BB signaling cascade, suggesting that the inhibitory effect of docetaxel on the proliferation of VSMCs may occur by blocking PDGF-Rβ phosphorylation. Thus, docetaxel may be a potential antiproliferative agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis and angioplasty restenosis.[Supplementary Figures: available only at http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.10276FP].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seok Park
- College of Pharmacy, CBITRC, Chungbuk National University, Korea
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Ho HC, Chang HC, Ting CT, Kuo CY, Yang VC. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits proliferation and migration, and induces apoptosis in platelet-derived growth factor-BB-stimulated human coronary smooth muscle cells. J Vasc Res 2011; 49:24-32. [PMID: 21986482 DOI: 10.1159/000329819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Restenosis after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during treatment for coronary artery disease is closely related to smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and migration. In this study, we investigated the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and its underlying mechanism on human coronary SMCs (HCSMCs) after platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) stimulation in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS The results showed that CAPE inhibited proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis. Concomitantly, CAPE inhibited activation of AKT1, MEK1 and ERK1/2 signaling molecules at 10-60 min after CAPE treatment. As revealed by flow cytometry, DNA fragmentation and TUNEL assay, the cells accumulated at the sub-G(1) phase, and cell apoptosis was observed after 30 and 90 μM CAPE treatment for 72 h. CAPE triggered the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, upregulated the proapoptotic gene Bax and downregulated the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. Upregulation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 indicated that CAPE precipitated the mitochondrion-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS These results provide a molecular explanation for the antiproliferation, antimigration and proapoptotic effects of CAPE on HCSMCs after PDGF-BB stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Chin Ho
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Anti-proliferative actions of 2-decylamino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 411:213-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Glyceollins inhibit platelet-derived growth factor-mediated human arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Br J Nutr 2011; 107:24-35. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511002571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB can induce abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) that are involved in the development of CVD. In our preliminary study, phytoalexin glyceollins (glyceollins I, II and III) isolated from soyabean seeds cultured withAspergillus sojaeshowed strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Since antioxidants showed beneficial effects on chronic inflammatory diseases, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of glyceollins on PDGF-induced proliferation and migration in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). Incubation of resting HASMC with glyceollins for 24 h significantly diminished PDGF-increased cell number and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. In addition to blocking of the PDGF-inducible progression through the G0/G1to the S phase of the cell cycle, glyceollins down-regulated the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 and cyclin D1, and up-regulated the expression of CDK inhibitors such as p27kip1and p53.Glyceollins also effectively inhibited reactive oxygen species generation and phosphorylation of PDGF receptor-β, phospholipase Cγ1, Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 by PDGF stimulation. Furthermore, glyceollins were found to inhibit PDGF-induced dissociation of actin filaments and cell migration. Thus, the results suggest that glyceollins could become a potent therapeutic agent for regulating VSMC-associated vascular disease such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty.
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Yu ML, Wang JF, Wang GK, You XH, Zhao XX, Jing Q, Qin YW. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation is influenced by let-7d microRNA and its interaction with KRAS. Circ J 2011; 75:703-9. [PMID: 21266788 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to regulate cardiovascular biological and pathological processes through inhibiting the translation of certain RNA transcripts. However, little is known about the association between miRNAs and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. The aim was to investigate the role of miRNAs in VSMC growth and the potential mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary VSMCs were isolated from the medial layer of the thoracic aorta obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). miRNA microarrays were used to analyze the difference in miRNA expression between VSMCs of SHR and WKY rats and were validated using TaqMan real-time PCR. Of the potentially related genes under the influence of let-7d identified through literature search, KRAS was verified by western blot and functionally analyzed using miRNA mimics transfection and analysis of transfectants by cell enumeration was made using CCK-8 and flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle progression. let-7d-transfected VSMCs from SHR, WKY and human coronary arteries expressed significantly lower amounts of KRAS protein, displayed reduced cell growth and led to a greater number of cells in the G1 phase than the G2/M phases of the cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS let-7d was significantly downregulated in VSMCs as an important regulator of cell proliferation. RAS might be involved in the proliferation regulation by let-7d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Protein kinase Cδ mediates MCP-1 mRNA stabilization in vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 344:73-9. [PMID: 20607592 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an inflammatory chemokine that promotes atherosclerosis and is a mediator of the response to arterial injury. We previously demonstrated that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and angiotensin II (Ang) induce the accumulation of MCP-1 mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells mainly by increasing mRNA stability. In the present study, we have examined the signaling pathways involved in this stabilization of MCP-1 mRNA. The effect of PDGF (BB isoform) and Ang on MCP-1 mRNA stability was mediated by the PDGF β and angiotensin II receptor AT1R, respectively, and did not involve transactivation between the two receptors. The effect of PDGF-BB was blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), but not by inhibitors of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Src, or NADPH oxidase (NADPHox). In contrast, the effect of Ang was blocked by inhibitors of Src, and PKC, but not by inhibitors of PI3 K, or NADPHox. The effect of PDGF BB on MCP-1 mRNA stability was blocked by siRNA directed against PKCδ and protein kinase D (PKD), whereas the effect of Ang was blocked only by siRNA directed against PKCδ. These results suggest that the enhancement of MCP-1 mRNA stability by PDGF-BB and Ang are mediated by distinct "proximal" signaling pathways that converge on activation of PKCδ. This study identifies a novel role for PKCδ in mediating mRNA stability in smooth muscle cells.
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