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Saviano A, Roehlen N, Baumert TF. Tight Junction Proteins as Therapeutic Targets to Treat Liver Fibrosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2024; 44:180-190. [PMID: 38648796 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In the last decade tight junction proteins exposed at the surface of liver or cancer cells have been uncovered as mediators of liver disease biology: Claudin-1 and Occludin are host factors for hepatitis C virus entry and Claudin-1 has been identified as a driver for liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, Claudins have emerged as therapeutic targets for liver disease and HCC. CLDN1 expression is upregulated in liver fibrosis and HCC. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting Claudin-1 have completed preclinical proof-of-concept studies for treatment of liver fibrosis and HCC and are currently in clinical development for advanced liver fibrosis. Claudin-6 overexpression is associated with an HCC aggressive phenotype and treatment resistance. Claudin-6 mAbs or chimeric antigen receptor-T cells therapies are currently being clinically investigated for Claudin-6 overexpressing tumors. In conclusion, targeting Claudin proteins offers a novel clinical opportunity for the treatment of patients with advanced liver fibrosis and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Saviano
- Inserm, U1110, Institute of Translational Medicine and Liver Disease, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Institut-Hospitalo-Universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Natascha Roehlen
- Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Infectious Diseases, Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Inserm, U1110, Institute of Translational Medicine and Liver Disease, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Institut-Hospitalo-Universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Yao Y, Liu F, Gu Z, Wang J, Xu L, Yu Y, Cai J, Ren R. Emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in post-stroke hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1286351. [PMID: 38178909 PMCID: PMC10764516 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1286351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating condition that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The aftermath of a stroke, particularly hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and brain edema, can significantly impact the prognosis of patients. Early detection and effective management of these complications are crucial for improving outcomes in stroke patients. This review highlights the emerging diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets including claudin, occludin, zonula occluden, s100β, albumin, MMP-9, MMP-2, MMP-12, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, MCP-1/CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL12, CCL5, CX3CL1, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, PECAM-1/CD31, JAMs, HMGB1, vWF, VEGF, ROS, NAC, and AQP4. The clinical significance and implications of these biomarkers were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yao
- Department of Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaowen Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lintao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Reng Ren
- Department of Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li L, Ye H, Chen Q, Wei L. COL28 promotes proliferation, migration, and EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2187236. [PMID: 36883360 PMCID: PMC10013395 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2187236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type XXVIII collagen (COL28) is involved in cancer and lung fibrosis. COL28 polymorphisms and mutations might be involved in kidney fibrosis, but the exact role of COL28 in renal fibrosis is unknown. This study explored the function of COL28 in renal tubular cells by examining the expression of COL28 mRNA and the effects of COL28 overexpression in human tubular cells. COL28 mRNA expression and localization were observed in normal and fibrotic kidney tissues from humans and mice using real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. The consequences of COL28 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, cell polarity, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-β1 were examined in human tubular HK-2 cells. COL28 expression was low in human normal renal tissues, mainly observed in the renal tubular epithelial cells and especially in proximal renal tubules. COL28 protein expression in human and mouse obstructive kidney disease was higher than in normal tissues (p < 0.05) and more significant in the UUO2-Week than the UUO1-Week group. The overexpression of COL28 promoted HK-2 cell proliferation and enhanced their migration ability (all p < 0.05). TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) induced COL28 mRNA expression in HK-2 cells, decreased E-cadherin and increased α-SMA in the COL28-overexpression group compared with controls (p < 0.05). ZO-1 expression decreased while COL6 increased in the COL28-overexpression group compared with controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, COL28 overexpression promotes the migration and proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells. The EMT could also be involved. COL28 could be a therapeutic target against renal- fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- Department of nephrology, Fujian Medical University, Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Ye
- Department of nephrology, Fujian Medical University, Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qiaoling Chen
- Department of nephrology, Fujian Medical University, Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of nephrology, Fujian Medical University, Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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4
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Arabi TZ, Algheryafi LA, Alodah NA, Enabi HMK, Alshehry AA, Ouban A. Aberrant Expression of Claudins in Head and Neck Carcinomas and Their Prognostic and Therapeutic Value: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4208. [PMID: 37686483 PMCID: PMC10486703 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck carcinomas have been associated with poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the role of claudins' expression in tumors throughout the body, and their prognostic and therapeutic role. Understanding the role of claudins and how their expression affects the progression of carcinomas in the head and neck region may allow for advances in the prognosis and management of this type of cancer. Several studies have highlighted the aberrant expression of the proteins in carcinomas in this region. Specifically, the overexpression of claudin-1 and downregulation of claudins-4, -7, and -17 have been linked with poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. In laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, increased levels of claudins-1 and reduced levels of claudins-3, -8, and -11 have been linked with poor outcomes. Targeting these proteins has shown promising outcomes as therapeutic in preclinical studies. However, studies remain extremely limited in nasal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. In this review, we survey the available literature describing the aberrant expression of various claudins in carcinomas in this region, while highlighting their potential prognostic and therapeutic value. Then, we describe some molecular mechanisms involved in the aberrant expression of claudins and how they can be utilized as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Ziad Arabi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nora A Alodah
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abderrahman Ouban
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Ouban A, Arabi TZ. Expression of Claudins in Preneoplastic Conditions of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4095. [PMID: 37627123 PMCID: PMC10452390 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Premalignant lesions of the gastrointestinal tract are a group of disorders which act as the harbinger of malignant tumors. They are the ground-zero of neoplastic transformation, and their identification and management offer patients the best opportunity of blocking the progress of cancer. However, diagnoses of some of these conditions are hard to make, and their clinical importance is difficult to assess. Recent reports indicated that several claudin proteins have altered expressions in many cancers, including esophageal, gastric, colon, liver, and pancreatic cancers. The early identification of the aberrant expression of these proteins could lead to the early diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tumors. Specifically, claudins -1, -2, -3, -4, and -18 are frequently overexpressed in gastrointestinal preneoplastic lesions. These altered expressions have shown clinical value in several tumors, providing diagnostic and prognostic information. In this article, we review the literature on the aberrant expression of claudins in preneoplastic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, we summarize their diagnostic and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman Ouban
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarek Ziad Arabi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
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Ramasubramanian B, Kim J, Ke Y, Li Y, Zhang CO, Promnares K, Tanaka KA, Birukov KG, Karki P, Birukova AA. Mechanisms of pulmonary endothelial permeability and inflammation caused by extracellular histone subunits H3 and H4. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22470. [PMID: 35969180 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200303rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular DNA-binding proteins such as histones are danger-associated molecular pattern released by the injured tissues in trauma and sepsis settings, which trigger host immune response and vascular dysfunction. Molecular events leading to histone-induced endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction remain poorly understood. This study performed comparative analysis of H1, H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone subunits effects on human pulmonary EC permeability and inflammatory response. Analysis of transendothelial electrical resistance and EC monolayer permeability for macromolecues revealed that H3 and H4, but not H1, H2A, or H2B caused dose-dependent EC permeability accompanied by disassembly of adherens junctions. At higher doses, H3 and H4 activated nuclear factor kappa B inflammatory cascade leading to upregulation EC adhesion molecules ICAM1, VCAM1, E-selectin, and release of inflammatory cytokines. Inhibitory receptor analysis showed that toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 but not TLR1/2 or receptor for advanced glycation end inhibition significantly attenuated deleterious effects of H3 and H4 histones. Inhibitor of Rho-kinase was without effect, while inhibition of Src kinase caused partial preservation of cell-cell junctions, H3/H4-induced permeability and inflammation. Deleterious effects of H3/H4 were blocked by heparin. Activation of Epac-Rap1 signaling restored EC barrier properties after histone challenge. Intravenous injection of histones in mice caused elevation of inflammatory markers and increased vascular leak. Post-treatment with pharmacological Epac/Rap1 activator suppressed injurious effects of histones in vitro and in vivo. These results identify H3 and H4 as key histone subunits exhibiting deleterious effects on pulmonary vascular endothelium via TLR4-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, elevation of circulating histones may represent a serious risk of exacerbated acute lung injury (ALI) and multiple organ injury during severe trauma and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baalachandran Ramasubramanian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yunbo Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chen-Ou Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kamoltip Promnares
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kenichi A Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Konstantin G Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pratap Karki
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna A Birukova
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Klingensmith NJ, Fay KT, Swift DA, Bazzano JM, Lyons JD, Chen CW, Meng M, Ramonell KM, Liang Z, Burd EM, Parkos CA, Ford ML, Coopersmith CM. Junctional adhesion molecule-A deletion increases phagocytosis and improves survival in a murine model of sepsis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:156255. [PMID: 35819838 PMCID: PMC9462501 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.156255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the tight junction–associated protein junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is increased in sepsis, although the significance of this is unknown. Here, we show that septic JAM-A –/– mice have increased gut permeability, yet paradoxically have decreased bacteremia and systemic TNF and IL-1β expression. Survival is improved in JAM-A–/– mice. However, intestine-specific JAM-A–/– deletion does not alter mortality, suggesting that the mortality benefit conferred in mice lacking JAM-A is independent of the intestine. Septic JAM-A–/– mice have increased numbers of splenic CD44hiCD4+ T cells, decreased frequency of TNF+CD4+ cells, and elevated frequency of IL-2+CD4+ cells. Septic JAM-A–/– mice have increased numbers of B cells in mesenteric lymph nodes with elevated serum IgA and intraepithelial lymphocyte IgA production. JAM-A–/– × RAG–/– mice have improved survival compared with RAG–/– mice and identical mortality as WT mice. Gut neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil phagocytosis are increased in JAM-A–/– mice, while septic JAM-A–/– mice depleted of neutrophils lose their survival advantage. Therefore, increased bacterial clearance via neutrophils and an altered systemic inflammatory response with increased opsonizing IgA produced through the adaptive immune system results in improved survival in septic JAM-A–/– mice. JAM-A may be a therapeutic target in sepsis via immune mechanisms not related to its role in permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Klingensmith
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Katherine T Fay
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - David A Swift
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Julia Mr Bazzano
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - John D Lyons
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Ching-Wen Chen
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Mei Meng
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Kimberly M Ramonell
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Zhe Liang
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Eileen M Burd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Mandy L Ford
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Craig M Coopersmith
- Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory Univerisity School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
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Rath D, Rapp V, Schwartz J, Winter S, Emschermann F, Arnold D, Rheinlaender J, Büttcher M, Strebl M, Braun MB, Altgelt K, Uribe ÁP, Schories C, Canjuga D, Schaeffeler E, Borst O, Schäffer TE, Langer H, Stehle T, Schwab M, Geisler T, Gawaz M, Chatterjee M. Homophilic Interaction Between Transmembrane-JAM-A and Soluble JAM-A Regulates Thrombo-Inflammation: Implications for Coronary Artery Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:445-461. [PMID: 35663628 PMCID: PMC9156439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition through F11R-single-nucleotide variation (SNV) influences circulatory soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A (sJAM-A) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Homozygous carriers of the minor alleles (F11R-SNVs rs2774276, rs790056) show enhanced levels of thrombo-inflammatory sJAM-A. Both F11R-SNVs and sJAM-A are associated with worse prognosis for recurrent myocardial infarction in CAD patients. Platelet surface-associated JAM-A correlate with platelet activation markers in CAD patients. Activated platelets shed transmembrane-JAM-A, generating proinflammatory sJAM-A and JAM-A-bearing microparticles. Platelet transmembrane-JAM-A and sJAM-A as homophilic interaction partners exaggerate thrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory platelet monocyte interactions. Therapeutic strategies interfering with this homophilic interface may regulate thrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory platelet response in cardiovascular pathologies where circulatory sJAM-A levels are elevated.
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Key Words
- ACM, all-cause mortality
- ACS, acute coronary syndrome
- ADP, adenosine diphosphate
- CAD, coronary artery disease
- CCS, chronic coronary syndrome
- CE, combined endpoint
- HC, homozygous carriers
- IS, ischemic stroke
- JAM-A
- JAM-A, junctional adhesion molecule-A
- MI, myocardial infarction
- SNV
- SNV, single-nucleotide variation
- TRAP, thrombin receptor activating peptide
- coronary artery disease
- platelet
- sJAM-A, soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A
- smJAM-A, soluble murine junctional adhesion molecule-A
- thrombo-inflammation
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Rath
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vera Rapp
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jessica Schwartz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Winter
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederic Emschermann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Arnold
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Manuela Büttcher
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Strebl
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael B. Braun
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstanze Altgelt
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Álvaro Petersen Uribe
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schories
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Denis Canjuga
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Schaeffeler
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Harald Langer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhumita Chatterjee
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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9
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Wang J, Liu H. The Roles of Junctional Adhesion Molecules (JAMs) in Cell Migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:843671. [PMID: 35356274 PMCID: PMC8959349 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.843671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The review briefly summarizes the role of the family of adhesion molecules, JAMs (junctional adhesion molecules), in various cell migration, covering germ cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, several leukocytes, and different cancer cells. These functions affect multiple diseases, including reproductive diseases, inflammation-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. JAMs bind to both similar and dissimilar proteins and take both similar and dissimilar effects on different cells. Concluding relevant results provides a reference to further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Wang
- Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Han Liu,
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10
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Zhang C, Guo C, Li Y, Liu K, Zhao Q, Ouyang L. Identification of Claudin-6 as a Molecular Biomarker in Pan-Cancer Through Multiple Omics Integrative Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:726656. [PMID: 34409042 PMCID: PMC8365468 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.726656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Claudin-6 (CLDN6) is one of the 27 family members of claudins and majorly involved in the tight junction and cell-to-cell adhesion of epithelial cell sheets, playing a significant role in cancer initiation and progression. To provide a more systematic and comprehensive dimension of identifying the diverse significance of CLDN6 in a variety of malignant tumors, we explored CLDN6 through multiple omics data integrative analysis, including gene expression level in pan-cancer and comparison of CLDN6 expression in different molecular subtypes and immune subtypes of pan-cancer, targeted protein, biological functions, molecular signatures, diagnostic value, and prognostic value in pan-cancer. Furthermore, we focused on uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) and further investigated CLDN6 from the perspective of the correlations with clinical characteristics, prognosis in different clinical subgroups, co-expression genes, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), basing on discussing the validation of its established monoclonal antibody by immunohistochemical staining and semi-quantification reported in the previous study. As a result, CLDN6 expression differs significantly not only in most cancers but also in different molecular and immune subtypes of cancers. Besides, high accuracy in predicting cancers and notable correlations with prognosis of certain cancers suggest that CLDN6 might be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of cancers. Additionally, CLDN6 is identified to be significantly correlated with age, stage, weight, histological type, histologic grade, and menopause status in UCEC. Moreover, CLDN6 high expression can lead to a worse overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free interval (PFI) in UCEC, especially in different clinical subgroups of UCEC. Taken together, CLDN6 may be a remarkable molecular biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in pan-cancer and an independent prognostic risk factor of UCEC, presenting to be a promising molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cuishan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuiran Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, China
| | - Ling Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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11
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Solimando AG, Da Vià MC, Leone P, Borrelli P, Croci GA, Tabares P, Brandl A, Di Lernia G, Bianchi FP, Tafuri S, Steinbrunn T, Balduini A, Melaccio A, De Summa S, Argentiero A, Rauert-Wunderlich H, Frassanito MA, Ditonno P, Henke E, Klapper W, Ria R, Terragna C, Rasche L, Rosenwald A, Kortüm MK, Cavo M, Ribatti D, Racanelli V, Einsele H, Vacca A, Beilhack A. Halting the vicious cycle within the multiple myeloma ecosystem: blocking JAM-A on bone marrow endothelial cells restores angiogenic homeostasis and suppresses tumor progression. Haematologica 2021; 106:1943-1956. [PMID: 32354870 PMCID: PMC8252928 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.239913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of malignant multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells with the microenvironment control MM plasma-cell growth, survival, drug-resistance and dissemination. As microvascular density increases in the bone marrow in MM, we investigated whether bone marrow MM endothelial cells control disease progression via the junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A). Membrane and cytoplasmic JAM-A levels were upregulated in MM endothelial cells in 111 patients with newly diagnosed MM and in 201 with relapsed/refractory MM compared to the levels in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and healthy controls. Elevated membrane expression of JAM-A on MM endothelial cells predicted poor clinical outcome. Mechanistically, addition of recombinant JAM-A to MM endothelial cells increased angiogenesis, whereas inhibition of this adhesion molecule impaired angiogenesis and MM growth in two-dimensional and three-dimensional in vitro cell cultures and chorioallantoic membrane assays. To corroborate these findings, we treated MM-bearing mice with a JAM-A-blocking monoclonal antibody and demonstrated impaired MM progression, corresponding to decreased MM-related vascularity. These findings support the concept that JAM-A is an important mediator of MM progression through facilitating MM-associated angiogenesis. Elevated JAM-A expression on bone marrow endothelial cells is an independent prognostic factor for the survival of both patients with newly diagnosed MM and those with relapsed/refractory MM. Blocking JAM-A restricts angiogenesis in vitro, in utero and in vivo and represents a suitable druggable molecule to halt neo-angiogenesis and MM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio G Solimando
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; 2IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II of Bari, Italy; 3University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo C Da Vià
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrizia Leone
- University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Borrelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgio A Croci
- Department of Pathology, University of Kiel/University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS, Ca' Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Paula Tabares
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; 7Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Brandl
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; 7Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Francesco P Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvio Tafuri
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Torsten Steinbrunn
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy 10Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | | | - Simona De Summa
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Erik Henke
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, University of Kiel/University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Roberto Ria
- University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Leo Rasche
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Martin K Kortüm
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michele Cavo
- Institute of Hematology L. and A. Seràgnoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Racanelli
- University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Angelo Vacca
- University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; 7Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research Laboratory, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Bousova K, Bednarova L, Zouharova M, Vetyskova V, Postulkova K, Hofbauerová K, Petrvalska O, Vanek O, Tripsianes K, Vondrasek J. The order of PDZ3 and TrpCage in fusion chimeras determines their properties-a biophysical characterization. Protein Sci 2021; 30:1653-1666. [PMID: 33969912 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Most of the structural proteins known today are composed of domains that carry their own functions while keeping their structural properties. It is supposed that such domains, when taken out of the context of the whole protein, can retain their original structure and function to a certain extent. Information on the specific functional and structural characteristics of individual domains in a new context of artificial fusion proteins may help to reveal the rules of internal and external domain communication. Moreover, this could also help explain the mechanism of such communication and address how the mutual allosteric effect plays a role in a such multi-domain protein system. The simple model system of the two-domain fusion protein investigated in this work consisted of a well-folded PDZ3 domain and an artificially designed small protein domain called Tryptophan Cage (TrpCage). Two fusion proteins with swapped domain order were designed to study their structural and functional features as well as their biophysical properties. The proteins composed of PDZ3 and TrpCage, both identical in amino acid sequence but different in composition (PDZ3-TrpCage, TrpCage-PDZ3), were studied using circualr dichroism (CD) spectrometry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and molecular dynamic simulations. The biophysical analysis uncovered different structural and denaturation properties of both studied proteins, revealing their different unfolding pathways and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Bousova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bednarova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Zouharova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vetyskova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Postulkova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Hofbauerová
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Olivia Petrvalska
- Department of Structural Biology of Signalling Proteins, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Physiology, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Vanek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jiri Vondrasek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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13
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Immunological Prognostic Factors in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073587. [PMID: 33808304 PMCID: PMC8036885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm characterized by an abnormal proliferation of clonal, terminally differentiated B lymphocytes. Current approaches for the treatment of MM focus on developing new diagnostic techniques; however, the search for prognostic markers is also crucial. This enables the classification of patients into risk groups and, thus, the selection of the most optimal treatment method. Particular attention should be paid to the possible use of immune factors, as the immune system plays a key role in the formation and course of MM. In this review, we focus on characterizing the components of the immune system that are of prognostic value in MM patients, in order to facilitate the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic directions.
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14
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Chopyk DM, Grakoui A. Contribution of the Intestinal Microbiome and Gut Barrier to Hepatic Disorders. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:849-863. [PMID: 32569766 PMCID: PMC7502510 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal barrier dysfunction and dysbiosis contribute to development of diseases in liver and other organs. Physical, immunologic, and microbiologic (bacterial, fungal, archaeal, viral, and protozoal) features of the intestine separate its nearly 100 trillion microbes from the rest of the human body. Failure of any aspect of this barrier can result in translocation of microbes into the blood and sustained inflammatory response that promote liver injury, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and oncogenic transformation. Alterations in intestinal microbial populations or their functions can also affect health. We review the mechanisms that regulate intestinal permeability and how changes in the intestinal microbiome contribute to development of acute and chronic liver diseases. We discuss individual components of the intestinal barrier and how these are disrupted during development of different liver diseases. Learning more about these processes will increase our understanding of the interactions among the liver, intestine, and its flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Chopyk
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arash Grakoui
- Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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15
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Roehlen N, Roca Suarez AA, El Saghire H, Saviano A, Schuster C, Lupberger J, Baumert TF. Tight Junction Proteins and the Biology of Hepatobiliary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030825. [PMID: 32012812 PMCID: PMC7038100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJ) are intercellular adhesion complexes on epithelial cells and composed of integral membrane proteins as well as cytosolic adaptor proteins. Tight junction proteins have been recognized to play a key role in health and disease. In the liver, TJ proteins have several functions: they contribute as gatekeepers for paracellular diffusion between adherent hepatocytes or cholangiocytes to shape the blood-biliary barrier (BBIB) and maintain tissue homeostasis. At non-junctional localizations, TJ proteins are involved in key regulatory cell functions such as differentiation, proliferation, and migration by recruiting signaling proteins in response to extracellular stimuli. Moreover, TJ proteins are hepatocyte entry factors for the hepatitis C virus (HCV)—a major cause of liver disease and cancer worldwide. Perturbation of TJ protein expression has been reported in chronic HCV infection, cholestatic liver diseases as well as hepatobiliary carcinoma. Here we review the physiological function of TJ proteins in the liver and their implications in hepatobiliary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Roehlen
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Armando Andres Roca Suarez
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Houssein El Saghire
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Antonio Saviano
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle Hepato-digestif, Institut Hopitalo-universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Schuster
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Inserm UMR1110, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.R.); (A.A.R.S.); (H.E.S.); (A.S.); (C.S.); (J.L.)
- Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle Hepato-digestif, Institut Hopitalo-universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-3688-53703
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16
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Phattarataratip E, Sappayatosok K. The Significance of Relative Claudin Expression in Odontogenic Tumors. Head Neck Pathol 2019; 14:480-488. [PMID: 31473941 PMCID: PMC7235137 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Claudins are integral to the structure and function of tight junctions. Altered claudin expression has been shown to affect disease behavior and patient prognosis in various neoplasms. The objectives of this study were to analyze the claudin-1, -4 and -7 expression in odontogenic tumors and characterize their expression pattern in distinct tumor cell types in relation to the recurrence potential. Sixty-nine cases of odontogenic tumors, including 43 ameloblastomas (AM), 17 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), 6 ameloblastic fibromas (AF) and 3 ameloblastic carcinomas (AC) were investigated for claudin-1, -4 and -7 expression immunohistochemically. The staining was analyzed semi-quantitatively and categorized into 4 levels, based on the percentage of positively stained neoplastic epithelial cells. Claudin-1 was expressed in all AOT and AF cases, whereas most AC (66.7%) showed no expression. The claudin-1 staining was moderate-to-intense in the odontogenic epithelium of AF. In contrast, its staining of ameloblast-like cells and stellate reticulum-like cells in AM was weak. Claudin-7 expression was noted in all tumor types studied, while the expression of claudin-4 was limited and mainly localized in the squamous differentiated cells of AM and AC. AM showed significantly higher claudin-4, but lower claudin-7 expression than AOT. In addition, AC showed diminished claudin-1 immunoreactivity, compared to AOT. Low claudin-1 expression in AM was significantly associated with the increased clinical recurrence. The loss of claudin-1 may underlie the locally invasive nature of AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekarat Phattarataratip
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Kraisorn Sappayatosok
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, 52/347 Muang-Ake, Phaholyothin Road, Lak-Hok, Muang, 12000 Pathumthani Thailand
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17
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miR-543 promoted the cell proliferation and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by targeting the JAM-A. Hum Cell 2019; 32:477-486. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00274-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Ke Y, Karki P, Zhang C, Li Y, Nguyen T, Birukov KG, Birukova AA. Mechanosensitive Rap1 activation promotes barrier function of lung vascular endothelium under cyclic stretch. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:959-974. [PMID: 30759056 PMCID: PMC6589902 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-07-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation remains an imperative treatment for the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, but can also exacerbate lung injury. We have previously described a key role of RhoA GTPase in high cyclic stretch (CS)-induced endothelial cell (EC) barrier dysfunction. However, cellular mechanotransduction complexes remain to be characterized. This study tested a hypothesis that recovery of a vascular EC barrier after pathologic mechanical stress may be accelerated by cell exposure to physiologic CS levels and involves Rap1-dependent rearrangement of endothelial cell junctions. Using biochemical, molecular, and imaging approaches we found that EC pre- or postconditioning at physiologically relevant low-magnitude CS promotes resealing of cell junctions disrupted by pathologic, high-magnitude CS. Cytoskeletal remodeling induced by low CS was dependent on small GTPase Rap1. Protective effects of EC preconditioning at low CS were abolished by pharmacological or molecular inhibition of Rap1 activity. In vivo, using mice exposed to mechanical ventilation, we found that the protective effect of low tidal volume ventilation against lung injury caused by lipopolysaccharides and ventilation at high tidal volume was suppressed in Rap1 knockout mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate a prominent role of Rap1-mediated signaling mechanisms activated by low CS in acceleration of lung vascular EC barrier restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Pratap Karki
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Chenou Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Trang Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Konstantin G. Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Anna A. Birukova
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201,*Address correspondence to: Anna A. Birukova ()
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19
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Zeisel MB, Dhawan P, Baumert TF. Tight junction proteins in gastrointestinal and liver disease. Gut 2019; 68:547-561. [PMID: 30297438 PMCID: PMC6453741 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades a growing body of evidence has demonstrated an important role of tight junction (TJ) proteins in the physiology and disease biology of GI and liver disease. On one side, TJ proteins exert their functional role as integral proteins of TJs in forming barriers in the gut and the liver. Furthermore, TJ proteins can also be expressed outside TJs where they play important functional roles in signalling, trafficking and regulation of gene expression. A hallmark of TJ proteins in disease biology is their functional role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. A causative role of TJ proteins has been established in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Among the best characterised roles of TJ proteins in liver disease biology is their function as cell entry receptors for HCV-one of the most common causes of hepatocellular carcinoma. At the same time TJ proteins are emerging as targets for novel therapeutic approaches for GI and liver disease. Here we review our current knowledge of the role of TJ proteins in the pathogenesis of GI and liver disease biology and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam B. Zeisel
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL), Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
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20
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Leech AO, Vellanki SH, Rutherford EJ, Keogh A, Jahns H, Hudson L, O'Donovan N, Sabri S, Abdulkarim B, Sheehan KM, Kay EW, Young LS, Hill ADK, Smith YE, Hopkins AM. Cleavage of the extracellular domain of junctional adhesion molecule-A is associated with resistance to anti-HER2 therapies in breast cancer settings. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:140. [PMID: 30458861 PMCID: PMC6247757 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is an adhesion molecule whose overexpression on breast tumor tissue has been associated with aggressive cancer phenotypes, including human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive disease. Since JAM-A has been described to regulate HER2 expression in breast cancer cells, we hypothesized that JAM-dependent stabilization of HER2 could participate in resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. METHODS Using breast cancer cell line models resistant to anti-HER2 drugs, we investigated JAM-A expression and the effect of JAM-A silencing on biochemical/functional parameters. We also tested whether altered JAM-A expression/processing underpinned differences between drug-sensitive and -resistant cells and acted as a biomarker of patients who developed resistance to HER2-targeted therapies. RESULTS Silencing JAM-A enhanced the anti-proliferative effects of anti-HER2 treatments in trastuzumab- and lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cells and further reduced HER2 protein expression and Akt phosphorylation in drug-treated cells. Increased epidermal growth factor receptor expression observed in drug-resistant models was normalized upon JAM-A silencing. JAM-A was highly expressed in all of a small cohort of HER2-positive patients whose disease recurred following anti-HER2 therapy. High JAM-A expression also correlated with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis in another patient cohort resistant to trastuzumab therapy. Importantly, cleavage of JAM-A was increased in drug-resistant cell lines in conjunction with increased expression of ADAM-10 and -17 metalloproteases. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic silencing studies suggested a particular role for ADAM-10 in reducing JAM-A cleavage and partially re-sensitizing drug-resistant cells to the anti-proliferative effects of HER2-targeted drugs. Functionally, recombinant cleaved JAM-A enhanced breast cancer cell invasion in vitro and both invasion and proliferation in a semi-in vivo model. Finally, cleaved JAM-A was detectable in the serum of a small cohort of HER2-positive patients and correlated significantly with resistance to HER2-targeted therapy. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest a novel model whereby increased expression and cleavage of JAM-A drive tumorigenic behavior and act as a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for resistance to HER2-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid O Leech
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sri HariKrishna Vellanki
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Emily J Rutherford
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Aoife Keogh
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Lance Hudson
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Norma O'Donovan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Siham Sabri
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada
| | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Oncology, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine M Sheehan
- Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Elaine W Kay
- Department of Pathology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Leonie S Young
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Arnold D K Hill
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Yvonne E Smith
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Ann M Hopkins
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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21
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Parang B, Kaz AM, Barrett CW, Short SP, Ning W, Keating CE, Mittal MK, Naik RD, Washington MK, Revetta FL, Smith JJ, Chen X, Wilson KT, Brand T, Bader DM, Tansey WP, Chen R, Brentnall TA, Grady WM, Williams CS. BVES regulates c-Myc stability via PP2A and suppresses colitis-induced tumourigenesis. Gut 2017; 66:852-862. [PMID: 28389570 PMCID: PMC5385850 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood vessel epicardial substance (BVES) is a tight junction-associated protein that regulates epithelial-mesenchymal states and is underexpressed in epithelial malignancy. However, the functional impact of BVES loss on tumourigenesis is unknown. Here we define the in vivo role of BVES in colitis-associated cancer (CAC), its cellular function and its relevance to patients with IBD. DESIGN We determined BVES promoter methylation status using an Infinium HumanMethylation450 array screen of patients with UC with and without CAC. We also measured BVES mRNA levels in a tissue microarray consisting of normal colons and CAC samples. Bves-/- and wild-type mice (controls) were administered azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce tumour formation. Last, we used a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify BVES interactors and performed mechanistic studies in multiple cell lines to define how BVES reduces c-Myc levels. RESULTS BVES mRNA was reduced in tumours from patients with CAC via promoter hypermethylation. Importantly, BVES promoter hypermethylation was concurrently present in distant non-malignant-appearing mucosa. As seen in human patients, Bves was underexpressed in experimental inflammatory carcinogenesis, and Bves-/- mice had increased tumour multiplicity and degree of dysplasia after AOM/DSS administration. Molecular analysis of Bves-/- tumours revealed Wnt activation and increased c-Myc levels. Mechanistically, we identified a new signalling pathway whereby BVES interacts with PR61α, a protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit, to mediate c-Myc destruction. CONCLUSION Loss of BVES promotes inflammatory tumourigenesis through dysregulation of Wnt signalling and the oncogene c-Myc. BVES promoter methylation status may serve as a CAC biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobak Parang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Andrew M. Kaz
- Research and Development Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Caitlyn W. Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Sarah P. Short
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Wei Ning
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Cody E. Keating
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Mukul K. Mittal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Rishi D. Naik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Mary K. Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Frank L. Revetta
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University
| | | | - Xi Chen
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center
| | - Keith T. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN
| | - Thomas Brand
- Department of Developmental Dynamics, Imperial College of London
| | - David M. Bader
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - William P. Tansey
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University
| | - Ru Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Teresa A. Brentnall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - William M. Grady
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
| | - Christopher S. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University,Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN
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22
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Identification of Human Junctional Adhesion Molecule 1 as a Functional Receptor for the Hom-1 Calicivirus on Human Cells. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00031-17. [PMID: 28196955 PMCID: PMC5312078 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00031-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hom-1 vesivirus was reported in 1998 following the inadvertent transmission of the animal calicivirus San Miguel sea lion virus to a human host in a laboratory. We characterized the Hom-1 strain and investigated the mechanism by which human cells could be infected. An expression library of 3,559 human plasma membrane proteins was screened for reactivity with Hom-1 virus-like particles, and a single interacting protein, human junctional adhesion molecule 1 (hJAM1), was identified. Transient expression of hJAM1 conferred susceptibility to Hom-1 infection on nonpermissive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Virus infection was markedly inhibited when CHO cells stably expressing hJAM were pretreated with anti-hJAM1 monoclonal antibodies. Cell lines of human origin were tested for growth of Hom-1, and efficient replication was observed in HepG2, HuH7, and SK-CO15 cells. The three cell lines (of hepatic or intestinal origin) were confirmed to express hJAM1 on their surface, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9-mediated knockout of the hJAM1 gene in each line abolished Hom-1 propagation. Taken together, our data indicate that entry of the Hom-1 vesivirus into these permissive human cell lines is mediated by the plasma membrane protein hJAM1 as a functional receptor.IMPORTANCE Vesiviruses, such as San Miguel sea lion virus and feline calicivirus, are typically associated with infection in animal hosts. Following the accidental infection of a laboratory worker with San Miguel sea lion virus, a related virus was isolated in cell culture and named Hom-1. In this study, we found that Hom-1 could be propagated in a number of human cell lines, making it the first calicivirus to replicate efficiently in cultured human cells. Screening of a library of human cell surface membrane proteins showed that the virus could utilize human junctional adhesion molecule 1 as a receptor to enter cells and initiate replication. The Hom-1 virus presents a new system for the study of calicivirus biology and species specificity.
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23
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Singh AB, Uppada SB, Dhawan P. Claudin proteins, outside-in signaling, and carcinogenesis. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:69-75. [PMID: 27988840 PMCID: PMC6166644 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1919-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environment affects an individual's development and disease risk which then suggest that the environmental cues must have ways of reaching to the cellular nuclei to orchestrate desired genetic changes. Polarized and differentiated epithelial cells join together by cell-cell adhesions to create a protective sheet which separates body's internal milieu from its environment, albeit in highly regulated manner. Among these cell-cell adhesions, a key role of tight junction, the apical cell-cell adhesion, in maintaining epithelial cell polarity and differentiation is well recognized. Moreover, significant changes in expression and cellular distribution of claudin proteins, integral component of the tight junction, characterize pathophysiological changes including neoplastic growth and progression. Studies have further confirmed existence of complex claudin-based interactomes and demonstrated that changes in such protein partnering can influence barrier integrity and communication between a cell and its environment to produce undesired outcome. Cell signaling is the process by which cells respond to their environment to make dynamic decisions to live, grow and proliferate, or die. Thus, pivotal role of the deregulated tight junction structure/function in influencing cellular signaling cascades to alter cellular phenotype can be envisaged, however, is not well understood. Needless to mention that advanced knowledge in this area can help improve therapeutic considerations and preventive measures. Here, we discuss potential role of the tight junction in the regulation of "outside-in" signaling to regulate cancer growth, with specific focus upon the claudin family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA.
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24
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Scott DW, Tolbert CE, Burridge K. Tension on JAM-A activates RhoA via GEF-H1 and p115 RhoGEF. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:1420-30. [PMID: 26985018 PMCID: PMC4850030 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Forces on JAM-A activate RhoA to increase cell stiffness. Activation of RhoA requires GEF-H1 and p115 RhoGEF activation downstream of FAK/ERK and Src family kinases, respectively. Junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is a broadly expressed adhesion molecule that regulates cell–cell contacts and facilitates leukocyte transendothelial migration. The latter occurs through interactions with the integrin LFA-1. Although we understand much about JAM-A, little is known regarding the protein’s role in mechanotransduction or as a modulator of RhoA signaling. We found that tension imposed on JAM-A activates RhoA, which leads to increased cell stiffness. Activation of RhoA in this system depends on PI3K-mediated activation of GEF-H1 and p115 RhoGEF. These two GEFs are further regulated by FAK/ERK and Src family kinases, respectively. Finally, we show that phosphorylation of JAM-A at Ser-284 is required for RhoA activation in response to tension. These data demonstrate a direct role of JAM-A in mechanosignaling and control of RhoA and implicate Src family kinases in the regulation of p115 RhoGEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Scott
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Caitlin E Tolbert
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Keith Burridge
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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25
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Baker OJ. Current trends in salivary gland tight junctions. Tissue Barriers 2016; 4:e1162348. [PMID: 27583188 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2016.1162348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions form a continuous intercellular barrier between epithelial cells that is required to separate tissue spaces and regulate selective movement of solutes across the epithelium. They are composed of strands containing integral membrane proteins (e.g., claudins, occludin and tricellulin, junctional adhesion molecules and the coxsackie adenovirus receptor). These proteins are anchored to the cytoskeleton via scaffolding proteins such as ZO-1 and ZO-2. In salivary glands, tight junctions are involved in polarized saliva secretion and barrier maintenance between the extracellular environment and the glandular lumen. This review seeks to provide an overview of what is currently known, as well as the major questions and future research directions, regarding tight junction expression, organization and function within salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga J Baker
- School of Dentistry, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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26
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Liu ML, Nagai T, Tokunaga M, Iwanaga K, Matsuura K, Takahashi T, Kanda M, Kondo N, Naito AT, Komuro I, Kobayashi Y. Anti-inflammatory peptides from cardiac progenitors ameliorate dysfunction after myocardial infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e001101. [PMID: 25468657 PMCID: PMC4338698 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac cell therapy has been proposed as one of the new strategies against myocardial infarction. Although several reports showed improvement of the function of ischemic heart, the effects of cell therapy vary among the studies and the mechanisms of the beneficial effects are still unknown. Previously, we reported that clonal stem cell antigen‐1–positive cardiac progenitor cells exerted a therapeutic effect when transplanted into the ischemic heart. Our aims were to identify the cardiac progenitor‐specific paracrine factor and to elucidate the mechanism of its beneficial effect. Methods and Results By using an antibody array, we found that soluble junctional adhesion molecule‐A (JAM‐A) was abundantly secreted from cardiac progenitor cells. Pretreatment of neutrophils with conditioned medium from cultured cardiac progenitor cells or soluble JAM‐A inhibited transendothelial migration and reduced motility of neutrophils. These inhibitory effects were attenuated by anti–JAM‐A neutralizing antibody. Injection of cardiac progenitor cells into infarct heart attenuated neutrophil infiltration and expression of inflammatory cytokines. Injection of soluble JAM‐A–expressing, but not of JAM‐A siRNA–expressing, cardiac progenitor cells into the infarct heart prevented cardiac remodeling and reduced fibrosis area. Conclusions Soluble JAM‐A secreted from cardiac progenitor cells reduces infiltration of neutrophils after myocardial infarction and ameliorates tissue damage through prevention of excess inflammation. Our finding may lead to a new therapy for cardiovascular disease by using the anti‐inflammatory effect of JAM‐A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Toshio Nagai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Masakuni Tokunaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Koji Iwanaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Katsuhisa Matsuura
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Toshinao Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Masato Kanda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Naomichi Kondo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
| | - Atsuhiko T Naito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T.N., I.K.)
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (A.T.N., I.K.)
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan (M.L.L., T.N., M.T., K.I., T.T., M.K., N.K., Y.K.)
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27
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Marjoram RJ, Lessey EC, Burridge K. Regulation of RhoA activity by adhesion molecules and mechanotransduction. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:199-208. [PMID: 24467208 PMCID: PMC3929014 DOI: 10.2174/1566524014666140128104541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The low molecular weight GTP-binding protein RhoA regulates many cellular events, including cell migration, organization of the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, progress through the cell cycle and gene expression. Physical forces influence these cellular processes in part by regulating RhoA activity through mechanotransduction of cell adhesion molecules (e.g. integrins, cadherins, Ig superfamily molecules). RhoA activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) that are themselves regulated by many different signaling pathways. Significantly, the engagement of many cell adhesion molecules can affect RhoA activity in both positive and negative ways. In this brief review, we consider how RhoA activity is regulated downstream from cell adhesion molecules and mechanical force. Finally, we highlight the importance of mechanotransduction signaling to RhoA in normal cell biology as well as in certain pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K Burridge
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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28
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Al-Sadi R, Ye D, Boivin M, Guo S, Hashimi M, Ereifej L, Ma TY. Interleukin-6 modulation of intestinal epithelial tight junction permeability is mediated by JNK pathway activation of claudin-2 gene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85345. [PMID: 24662742 PMCID: PMC3963839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier has been shown to be a pathogenic factor in the development of intestinal inflammation. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic, pro-inflammatory cytokine which plays an important role in promoting inflammatory response in the gut and in the systemic circulation. Despite its key role in mediating variety inflammatory response, the effect of IL-6 on intestinal epithelial barrier remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of IL-6 on intestinal epithelial TJ barrier and to delineate the intracellular mechanisms involved using in-vitro (filter-grown Caco-2 monolayers) and in-vivo model (mouse intestinal perfusion) systems. Our results indicated that IL-6 causes a site-selective increase in Caco-2 intestinal epithelia TJ permeability, causing an increase in flux of small-sized molecules having molecular radius <4 Å. The size-selective increase in Caco-2 TJ permeability was regulated by protein-specific increase in claudin-2 expression. The IL-6 increase in TJ permeability required activation of JNK signaling cascade. The JNK pathway activation of AP-1 resulted in AP-1 binding to its binding sequence on the claudin-2 promoter region, leading to promoter activation and subsequent increase in claudin-2 gene transcription and protein synthesis and TJ permeability. Our in-vivo mouse perfusion showed that IL-6 modulation of mouse intestinal permeability was also mediated by AP-1 dependent increase in claudin-2 expression. In conclusion, our studies show for the first time that the IL-6 modulation of intestinal TJ permeability was regulated by JNK activation of AP-1 and AP-1 activation of claudin-2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Al-Sadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- Albuquerque Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Dongmei Ye
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Michel Boivin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Shuhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- Albuquerque Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Mariam Hashimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Lisa Ereifej
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Thomas Y. Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- Albuquerque Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Wu M, Guo X, Yang L, Wang Y, Tang Y, Yang Y, Liu H. Mesenchymal stem cells with modification of junctional adhesion molecule a induce hair formation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:481-8. [PMID: 24558164 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) has been shown to serve a crucial role in the proliferation, differentiation, and tube-like formation of epithelial cells during angiogenesis. The role of JAM-A in hair follicle (HF) regeneration has not yet been reported. In this study, we used human JAM-A-modified human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to repair HF abnormalities in BALB/c nu/nu mice. The JAM-A gene and JAM-A short hairpin RNA were transfected into cultured human MSCs to generate the JAM-A overexpression MSCs (JAM-A(ov) MSCs) and JAM-A knockdown MSCs (JAM-A(kd) MSCs), respectively. These cells were injected intradermally into the skin of nude mice during the first telogen phase of the HF that occurs 21 days postnatally. We found that JAM-A(ov) MSCs migrated into the HF sheath and remodeled HF structure effectively. The HF abnormalities such as HF curve and HF zigzag were remodeled, and hair formation was improved 7 days following injection in both the JAM-A(ov) MSC and MSC groups, compared with the JAM-A(kd) MSC group or negative control group. Furthermore, the JAM-A(ov) MSC group showed enhanced hair formation in contrast to the MSC group, and the number of curved and zigzagged HFs was reduced by 80% (p < .05). These results indicated that JAM-A(ov) MSCs improved hair formation in nude mice through HF structure remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjuan Wu
- Research Center of Developmental Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, and Department of Mathematics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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30
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Ben-Zvi M, Amariglio N, Paret G, Nevo-Caspi Y. F11R expression upon hypoxia is regulated by RNA editing. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77702. [PMID: 24147060 PMCID: PMC3797694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
F11R is a cell adhesion molecule found on the surface of human platelets. It plays a role in platelet aggregation, cell migration and cell proliferation. F11R is subjected to RNA editing, a post-transcriptional modification which affects RNA structure, stability, localization, translation and splicing. RNA editing in the 3'UTR of F11R and RNA levels are increased upon hypoxia. We therefore set to examine if RNA editing plays a role in the increase of F11R RNA seen upon hypoxic conditions. We show that ADAR1, but not ADAR2, takes part in the editing of F11R however editing alone is not sufficient for obtaining an elevation in RNA levels. In addition we show that hyper-edited mature mRNAs are retained in the nucleus and are associated with p54(nrb). We therefore conclude that hypoxia-induced edited RNAs of F11R are preferentially stabilized and accumulate in the nucleus preventing their export to the cytoplasm for translation. This mechanism may be used by additional proteins in the cell as part of the cell's effort to reduce metabolism upon hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ben-Zvi
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Medical School, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ninette Amariglio
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gideon Paret
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Medical School, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Nevo-Caspi
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- * E-mail:
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31
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Neunlist M, Van Landeghem L, Mahé MM, Derkinderen P, des Varannes SB, Rolli-Derkinderen M. The digestive neuronal-glial-epithelial unit: a new actor in gut health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 10:90-100. [PMID: 23165236 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The monolayer of columnar epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract--the intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB)--is the largest exchange surface between the body and the external environment. The permeability of the IEB has a central role in the regulation of fluid and nutrient intake as well as in the control of the passage of pathogens. The functions of the IEB are highly regulated by luminal as well as internal components, such as bacteria or immune cells, respectively. Evidence indicates that two cell types of the enteric nervous system (ENS), namely enteric neurons and enteric glial cells, are potent modulators of IEB functions, giving rise to the novel concept of a digestive 'neuronal-glial-epithelial unit' akin to the neuronal-glial-endothelial unit in the brain. In this Review, we summarize findings demonstrating that the ENS is a key regulator of IEB function and is actively involved in pathologies associated with altered barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Neunlist
- INSERM UMR913, Institut des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Université de Nantes, CHU Hôtel Dieu, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes, France.
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32
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Xu H, Oliveira-Sales EB, McBride F, Liu B, Hewinson J, Toward M, Hendy EB, Graham D, Dominiczak AF, Giannotta M, Waki H, Ascione R, Paton JFR, Kasparov S. Upregulation of junctional adhesion molecule-A is a putative prognostic marker of hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 96:552-60. [PMID: 22918977 PMCID: PMC3500047 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Establishing biochemical markers of pre-hypertension and early hypertension could help earlier diagnostics and therapeutic intervention. We assess dynamics of junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) expression in rat models of hypertension and test whether JAM-A expression could be driven by angiotensin (ANG) II and whether JAM-A contributes to the progression of hypertension. We also compare JAM-A expression in normo- and hypertensive humans. Methods and results In pre-hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), JAM-A protein was overexpressed in the brainstem microvasculature, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and heart. JAM-A upregulation at early and late stages was even greater in the stroke-prone SHR. However, JAM-A was not upregulated in leucocytes and platelets of SHRs. In Goldblatt 2K-1C hypertensive rats, JAM-A expression was augmented before any increase in blood pressure, and similarly JAM-A upregulation preceded hypertension caused by peripheral and central ANG II infusions. In SHRs, ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonism reduced JAM-A expression, but the vasodilator hydralazine did not. Body-wide downregulation of JAM-A with Vivo-morpholinos in juvenile SHRs delayed the progression of hypertension. In the human saphenous vein, JAM-A mRNA was elevated in hypertensive patients with untreated hypertension compared with normotensive patients but reduced in patients treated with renin–angiotensin system antagonists. Conclusion Body-wide upregulation of JAM-A in genetic and induced models of hypertension in the rat precedes the stable elevation of arterial pressure. JAM-A upregulation may be triggered by AT1 receptor-mediated signalling. An association of JAM-A with hypertension and sensitivity to blockers of ANG II signalling were also evident in humans. We suggest a prognostic and possibly a pathogenic role of JAM-A in arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Xu
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bristol Heart Institute, Medical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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Nomme J, Fanning AS, Caffrey M, Lye MF, Anderson JM, Lavie A. The Src homology 3 domain is required for junctional adhesion molecule binding to the third PDZ domain of the scaffolding protein ZO-1. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43352-60. [PMID: 22030391 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.304089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions are cell-cell contacts that regulate the paracellular flux of solutes and prevent pathogen entry across cell layers. The assembly and permeability of this barrier are dependent on the zonula occludens (ZO) membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) proteins ZO-1, -2, and -3. MAGUK proteins are characterized by a core motif of protein-binding domains that include a PDZ domain, a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain, and a region of homology to guanylate kinase (GUK); the structure of this core motif has never been determined for any MAGUK. To better understand how ZO proteins organize the assembly of protein complexes we have crystallized the entire PDZ3-SH3-GUK core motif of ZO-1. We have also crystallized this core motif in complex with the cytoplasmic tail of the ZO-1 PDZ3 ligand, junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) to determine how the activity of different domains is coordinated. Our study shows a new feature for PDZ class II ligand binding that implicates the two highly conserved Phe(-2) and Ser(-3) residues of JAM. Our x-ray structures and NMR experiments also show for the first time a role for adjacent domains in the binding of ligands to PDZ domains in the MAGUK proteins family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Nomme
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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Abstract
Junctional adhesion molecules are transmembrane proteins that belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily. In addition to their localization in close proximity to the tight junctions in endothelial and epithelial cells, junctional adhesion molecules are also expressed in circulating cells that do not form junctions, such as leukocytes and platelets. As a consequence, these proteins are associated not only with the permeability-regulating barrier function of the tight junctions, but also with other biologic processes, such as inflammatory reactions, responses to vascular injury, and tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, because of their transmembrane topology, junctional adhesion molecules are poised both for receiving inputs from the cell interior (their expression, localization, and function being regulated in response to inflammatory cytokines and growth factors) and for translating extracellular adhesive events into functional responses. This review focuses on the different roles of junctional adhesion molecules in normal and pathologic conditions, with emphasis on inflammatory reactions and vascular responses to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Bazzoni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Mario Negri Institute of Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy.
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Nava P, Capaldo CT, Koch S, Kolegraff K, Rankin CR, Farkas AE, Feasel ME, Li L, Addis C, Parkos CA, Nusrat A. JAM-A regulates epithelial proliferation through Akt/β-catenin signalling. EMBO Rep 2011; 12:314-20. [PMID: 21372850 PMCID: PMC3077244 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2011.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the tight junction protein junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) has been linked to proliferation and tumour progression. However, a direct role for JAM-A in regulating proliferative processes has not been shown. By using complementary in vivo and in vitro approaches, we demonstrate that JAM-A restricts intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation in a dimerization-dependent manner, by inhibiting Akt-dependent β-catenin activation. Furthermore, IECs from transgenic JAM-A(-/-)/β-catenin/T-cell factor reporter mice showed enhanced β-catenin-dependent transcription. Finally, inhibition of Akt reversed colonic crypt hyperproliferation in JAM-A-deficient mice. These data establish a new link between JAM-A and IEC homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Porfirio Nava
- Epithelial Pathobiology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Emory University, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, Room 105E, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Haarmann A, Deiß A, Prochaska J, Foerch C, Weksler B, Romero I, Couraud PO, Stoll G, Rieckmann P, Buttmann M. Evaluation of soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A as a biomarker of human brain endothelial barrier breakdown. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13568. [PMID: 21060661 PMCID: PMC2958838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An inducible release of soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A (sJAM-A) under pro-inflammatory conditions was described in cultured non-CNS endothelial cells (EC) and increased sJAM-A serum levels were found to indicate inflammation in non-CNS vascular beds. Here we studied the regulation of JAM-A expression in cultured brain EC and evaluated sJAM-A as a serum biomarker of blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS As previously reported in non-CNS EC types, pro-inflammatory stimulation of primary or immortalized (hCMEC/D3) human brain microvascular EC (HBMEC) induced a redistribution of cell-bound JAM-A on the cell surface away from tight junctions, along with a dissociation from the cytoskeleton. This was paralleled by reduced immunocytochemical staining of occludin and zonula occludens-1 as well as by increased paracellular permeability for dextran 3000. Both a self-developed ELISA test and Western blot analysis detected a constitutive sJAM-A release by HBMEC into culture supernatants, which importantly was unaffected by pro-inflammatory or hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge. Accordingly, serum levels of sJAM-A were unaltered in 14 patients with clinically active multiple sclerosis compared to 45 stable patients and remained unchanged in 13 patients with acute ischemic non-small vessel stroke over time. CONCLUSION Soluble JAM-A was not suited as a biomarker of BBB breakdown in our hands. The unexpected non-inducibility of sJAM-A release at the human BBB might contribute to a particular resistance of brain EC to inflammatory stimuli, protecting the CNS compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Haarmann
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annika Deiß
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Prochaska
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Foerch
- Department of Neurology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Babette Weksler
- Divison of Hematology-Medical Oncology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ignacio Romero
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | | | - Guido Stoll
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Rieckmann
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Buttmann
- Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ohkuni T, Kojima T, Ogasawara N, Masaki T, Fuchimoto J, Kamekura R, Koizumi JI, Ichimiya S, Murata M, Tanaka S, Himi T, Sawada N. Poly(I:C) reduces expression of JAM-A and induces secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α via distinct NF-κB pathways in human nasal epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2010; 250:29-38. [PMID: 20932985 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2010.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nasal epithelium is an important physical barrier and innate immune defense protecting against inhaled substances and pathogens. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, which plays a key role in the innate immune response, has not been well characterized in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs), including the epithelial tight junctional barrier. In the present study, mRNAs of TLR1-10 were detected in hTERT-transfected HNECs, which can be used as an indispensable and stable model of normal HNECs, similar to primary cultured HNECs. To investigate the changes of tight junction proteins and the signal transduction pathways via TLRs in HNECs in vitro, hTERT-transfected HNECs were treated with TLR2 ligand P(3)CSK(4), TLR3 ligand poly(I:C), TLR4 ligand LPS, TLR7/8 ligand CL097, TLR8 ligand ssRNA40/LyoVec, and TLR9 ligand ODN2006. In hTERT-transfected HNECs, treatment with poly(I:C) significantly reduced expression of the tight junction protein JAM-A and induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α. Both the reduction of JAM-A expression and the induction of secretion of IL-8 and TNF-α after treatment with poly(I:C) were modulated by distinct signal transduction pathways via EGFR, PI3K, and p38 MAPK and finally regulated by a TLR3-mediated NF-κB pathway. The control of TLR3-mediated signaling pathways in HNECs may be important not only in infection by viral dsRNA but also in autoimmune diseases caused by endogenous dsRNA released from necrotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Ohkuni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Mruk DD, Cheng CY. Tight junctions in the testis: new perspectives. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2010; 365:1621-35. [PMID: 20403874 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the testis, tight junctions (TJs) are found between adjacent Sertoli cells at the level of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) where they coexist with basal ectoplasmic specializations and desmosome-gap junctions. The BTB physically divides the seminiferous epithelium into two distinct compartments: a basal compartment where spermatogonia and early spermatocytes are found, and an adluminal compartment where more developed germ cells are sequestered from the systemic circulation. In order for germ cells (i.e. preleptotene spermatocytes) to enter the adluminal compartment, they must cross the BTB, a cellular event requiring the participation of several molecules and signalling pathways. Still, it is not completely understood how preleptotene spermatocytes traverse the BTB at stage VIII of the seminiferous epithelial cycle. In this review, we discuss largely how TJ proteins are exploited by viruses and cancer cells to cross endothelial and epithelial cells. We also discuss how this information may apply to future studies investigating the movement of preleptotene spermatocytes across the BTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores D Mruk
- Population Council, Center for Biomedical Research, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Stellos K, Langer H, Gnerlich S, Panagiota V, Paul A, Schönberger T, Ninci E, Menzel D, Mueller I, Bigalke B, Geisler T, Bültmann A, Lindemann S, Gawaz M. Junctional Adhesion Molecule A Expressed on Human CD34
+
Cells Promotes Adhesion on Vascular Wall and Differentiation Into Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1127-36. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.204370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
To investigate the role of junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) on adhesion and differentiation of human CD34
+
cells into endothelial progenitor cells.
Methods and Results—
Tissue healing and vascular regeneration is a multistep process requiring firm adhesion of circulating progenitor cells to the vascular wall and their further differentiation into endothelial cells. The role of JAM-A in platelet-mediated adhesion of progenitor cells was investigated by adhesion assays in vitro and with the help of intravital fluorescence microscopy in mice. Preincubation of human CD34
+
progenitor cells with soluble JAM-A-Fc (sJAM-A-Fc) resulted in significantly decreased adhesion over immobilized platelets or inflammatory endothelium under high shear stress in vitro and after carotid ligation in vivo or ischemia/reperfusion injury in the microcirculation of mice. Human CD34
+
cells express JAM-A, as defined by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. JAM-A mediates differentiation of CD34
+
cells to endothelial progenitor cells and facilitates CD34
+
cell-induced reendothelialization in vitro. Pretreatment of human CD34
+
cells with sJAM-A-Fc resulted in increased neointima formation 3 weeks after endothelial denudation in the carotid arteries of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice.
Conclusion—
These results indicate that the expression of JAM-A on CD34
+
cells mediates adhesion to the vascular wall after injury and differentiation into endothelial progenitor cells, a mechanism potentially involved in vascular regeneration. Human CD34
+
cells express JAM-A, mediating their interaction with platelets and endothelial cells. Specifically, JAM-A expressed on human CD34
+
progenitor cells regulates their adhesion over immobilized platelets or inflammatory endothelium under high shear stress in vitro and after carotid ligation in vivo or ischemia/reperfusion injury in the microcirculation of mice. Moreover, it mediates differentiation of CD34
+
cells to endothelial progenitor cells and facilitates reendothelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Stellos
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald Langer
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Gnerlich
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Victoria Panagiota
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Angela Paul
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Schönberger
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elena Ninci
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Menzel
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Iris Mueller
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Boris Bigalke
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Geisler
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Bültmann
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Lindemann
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- From the Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen (K.S., H.L., S.G., V.P., A.P., T.S., E.N., I.M., B.B., T.G., A.B., S.L., M.G.), Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and Zentrum für Klinische Transfusionsmedizin GmbH (D.M.), Tübingen, Germany
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Ohland CL, Macnaughton WK. Probiotic bacteria and intestinal epithelial barrier function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 298:G807-19. [PMID: 20299599 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00243.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal tract is a diverse microenvironment where more than 500 species of bacteria thrive. A single layer of epithelium is all that separates these commensal microorganisms and pathogens from the underlying immune cells, and thus epithelial barrier function is a key component in the arsenal of defense mechanisms required to prevent infection and inflammation. The epithelial barrier consists of a dense mucous layer containing secretory IgA and antimicrobial peptides as well as dynamic junctional complexes that regulate permeability between cells. Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer benefit to the host and that have been suggested to ameliorate or prevent diseases including antibiotic-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotics likely function through enhancement of barrier function, immunomodulation, and competitive adherence to the mucus and epithelium. This review summarizes the evidence about effects of the many available probiotics with an emphasis on intestinal barrier function and the mechanisms affected by probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ohland
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Univ. of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 4N1
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Ogasawara N, Kojima T, Go M, Fuchimoto J, Kamekura R, Koizumi JI, Ohkuni T, Masaki T, Murata M, Tanaka S, Ichimiya S, Himi T, Sawada N. Induction of JAM-A during differentiation of human THP-1 dendritic cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 389:543-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Tight junctions of epithelial and endothelial cells form selective barriers that regulate paracellular transport of solutes, immune cells, and drugs. Tight junctions consist of proteins that physically "seal" the tight junction but also form channels that allow for permeation between the cells, resulting in epithelial surfaces of different tightness. The tight junction proteins occludin, tricellulin, and at least 24 members of the claudin family are characterized by four transmembranal domains and two extracellular loops that, like teeth of a zipper, contact the appropriate loops from opposing cell membranes. Tight junctions are regulated in their molecular composition, ultrastructure, and function by intracellular scaffolding proteins and the cytoskeleton; such regulation serves normal, physiologic adaptation but also occurs in numerous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Department of General Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität and Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany
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