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Nelson VK, Nuli MV, Ausali S, Gupta S, Sanga V, Mishra R, Jaini PK, Madhuri Kallam SD, Sudhan HH, Mayasa V, Abomughaid MM, Almutary AG, Pullaiah CP, Mitta R, Jha NK. Dietary anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial medicinal plants and its compounds in bovine mastitis associated impact on human life. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106687. [PMID: 38750773 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis (BM) is the most common bacterial mediated inflammatory disease in the dairy cattle that causes huge economic loss to the dairy industry due to decreased milk quality and quantity. Milk is the essential food in the human diet, and rich in crucial nutrients that helps in lowering the risk of diseases like hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The main causative agents of the disease include various gram negative, and positive bacteria, along with other risk factors such as udder shape, age, genetic, and environmental factors also contributes much for the disease. Currently, antibiotics, immunotherapy, probiotics, dry cow, and lactation therapy are commonly recommended for BM. However, these treatments can only decrease the rise of new cases but can't eliminate the causative agents, and they also exhibit several limitations. Hence, there is an urgent need of a potential source that can generate a typical and ideal treatment to overcome the limitations and eliminate the pathogens. Among the various sources, medicinal plants and its derived products always play a significant role in drug discovery against several diseases. In addition, they are also known for its low toxicity and minimum resistance features. Therefore, plants and its compounds that possess anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties can serve better in bovine mastitis. In addition, the plants that are serving as a food source and possessing pharmacological properties can act even better in bovine mastitis. Hence, in this evidence-based study, we particularly review the dietary medicinal plants and derived products that are proven for anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects. Moreover, the role of each dietary plant and its compounds along with possible role in the management of bovine mastitis are delineated. In this way, this article serves as a standalone source for the researchers working in this area to help in the management of BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Center for global health research, saveetha medical college, saveetha institute of medical and technical sciences, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saijyothi Ausali
- College of Pharmacy, MNR higher education and research academy campus, MNR Nagar, Sangareddy, 502294, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaishnavi Sanga
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, Gujrat, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Jaini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Raffles University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudha Divya Madhuri Kallam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India
| | - Hari Hara Sudhan
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Vinyas Mayasa
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM University Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box, 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chitikela P Pullaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 60016, India
| | - Raghavendra Mitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering & Technology (SSET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
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Rahayu M, Kalima T, Martgrita MM, Sembiring C, Simangunsong L, Elisabeth S, Munawaroh E, Astuti IP, Susiarti S, Oryzanti P, Sihotang VBL, Purwanto Y, Nikmatullah M. Ethnobotany and diversity of Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) as a source of "Kem-kem" traditional medicine used among the Karo sub-ethnic in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29721. [PMID: 38694125 PMCID: PMC11061673 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Karo sub-ethnic is one of five Batak sub-ethnicities in the Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. They are famous for their local knowledge about the traditional use of medicinal plants to treat various diseases. The "Kem-kem" traditional medicine is one of the traditional healing practices that involve using plants passed down through generations from their ancestors. One of the plant genus group in the Rutaceae family utilized in the traditional "Kem-kem" healing practice is a citrus known as "Rimo". This study aims to document the local knowledge about the diversity of Citrus spp. as Kem-kem's herbal medicinal plant. This study was conducted from April to July 2023 in the Kabanjahe and Berastagi districts, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. Data was collected using interviews with traditional healers, herbal medicine vendors, and direct observations at traditional markets, involving a total of 8 Citrus spp. The Karo uses "Rimo" with different local names as sources of traditional medicinal ingredients in practicing "Kem-kem". There are 15 local names comprising eight species of Citrus. Four are hybrids, i.e., Citrus x aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle, Citrus × aurantium L, Citrus × junos Siebold ex Yu.Tanaka, and Citrus × taitensis Risso. Two of the remaining species are recognized in infraspecific rank, one variety (Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis (Hoola van Nooten) Swingle) and one form (Citrus × aurantium f. deliciosa (Ten.) M.Hiroe). They were used as material sources for Kem-kem traditional medicine to treat at least nine health problems. There are two species with six local names included in the Least Concern (LC) category, namely C. medica (Rimo Gawang, Rimo Hantuantu, Rimo Kayu), C. medica var. sarcodactylis (Rimo Kuku Harimau), and C. medica (Rimo Telur Buaya), C. maxima (Burm.) Merr. (Rimo Malem). Nine local names are included in the Not Evaluated (NE) category, namely C. × junos (Rimo Kejaren), C. × taitensis (Rimo Jungga), C. × aurantium f. deliciosa (Rimo Keling), C. × aurantium (Rimo Kersik), Citrus hystrix DC. (Rimo Mukur), C. × taitensis (Rimo Puraga), C. × aurantium (Rimo Kalele), Citrus swinglei Burkill ex Harms (Rimo Pagar), and C. x aurantiifolia (Rimo Bunga). Rimo Kejaren (C. × junos) is a species that has the most benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulyati Rahayu
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Titi Kalima
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Christine Sembiring
- Del Institute of Technology, Jl. P.I Del, Laguboti, Toba, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Lianty Simangunsong
- Del Institute of Technology, Jl. P.I Del, Laguboti, Toba, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Sion Elisabeth
- Del Institute of Technology, Jl. P.I Del, Laguboti, Toba, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Esti Munawaroh
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Inggit Puji Astuti
- Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl.Ir. H. Juanda 13, Bogor, 16122, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Siti Susiarti
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Parwa Oryzanti
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Vera Budi Lestari Sihotang
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Y. Purwanto
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhamad Nikmatullah
- Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor Km. 46, Bogor, 16911, West Java, Indonesia
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Semenescu I, Similie D, Diaconeasa Z, Danciu C. Recent Advances in the Management of Rosacea through Natural Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:212. [PMID: 38399428 PMCID: PMC10892689 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a chronic skin disorder that affects more than 5% of the world's population, with the number increasing every year. Moreover, studies show that one-third of those suffering from rosacea report a degree of depression and are less compliant with treatment. Despite being the subject of prolonged studies, the pathogenesis of rosacea remains controversial and elusive. Since most medications used for the management of this pathology have side effects or simply do not yield the necessary results, many patients lose trust in the treatment and drop it altogether. Thus, dermato-cosmetic products with natural ingredients are gaining more and more notoriety in front of synthetic ones, due to the multiple benefits and the reduced number and intensity of side effects. This review is a comprehensive up-to-date report of studies that managed to prove the beneficial effects of different botanicals that may be useful in the short and long-term management of rosacea-affected skin. Based on recent preclinical and clinical studies, this review describes the mechanisms of action of a large array of phytochemicals responsible for alleviating the clinical symptomatology of the disease. This is useful in further aiding and better comprehending the way plant-based products may help in managing this complex condition, paving the way for research in this area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Semenescu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.S.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Similie
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.S.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.S.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Brah AS, Armah FA, Obuah C, Akwetey SA, Adokoh CK. Toxicity and therapeutic applications of citrus essential oils (CEOs): a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2158864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Augustine S. Brah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Francis A. Armah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Collins Obuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Samuel A. Akwetey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale
| | - Christian K. Adokoh
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Jeong H, Rani Das P, Kim H, Im AE, Lee BB, Yang KY, Nam SH. A combination of commercial and traditional food-source-derived enzymatic treatment acts as a potential tool to produce functional yuzu ( Citrus junos) powder. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100918. [PMID: 38144855 PMCID: PMC10740101 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic modifications have been applied in citrus to enhance their physicochemical and biological properties and reduce their bitterness. Notwithstanding, research on the combination of enzyme treatment of yuzu is lacking. In this study, yuzu was treated with a combination of isolated cellulase NY203, pectinase UF, and cellulase KN, and this enzymatic treatment was found to increase monosaccharide, naringenin, and hesperetin levels. In contrast, dietary fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin levels were decreased. Moreover, the enzymes disintegrated the inner and outer surface structures and chemical bonding of yuzu, thus improving its solubility rate, water-holding capacity, oil-adsorption capacity, cholesterol-binding capacity, and water-swelling capacity. Furthermore, NY203 + UF + KN combination treatment reduced the bitterness of treated yuzu by 50 % compared with the control. Additionally, NY203 + UF + KN treatment yielded a 28 % decrease in lipid accumulation and two-fold higher lipolytic activity in 3T3L-1 adipocytes. These findings are potentially beneficial to the food/nutraceutical industries regarding functional yuzu powder production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Jeong
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology & Institute of Agricultural and Life Science Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Protiva Rani Das
- Plant Science Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37922, USA
| | - Hayeong Kim
- Institute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio-science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeonchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Eun Im
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology & Institute of Agricultural and Life Science Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Bae Lee
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, Jeonnam 59021, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Yeol Yang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Nam
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology & Institute of Agricultural and Life Science Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Mohanty S, Ray A, Sahoo C, Sahoo A, Jena S, Panda PC, Nayak S. Volatile profiling coupled with multivariate analysis, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of rhizome essential oil of four Hedychium species from India. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116835. [PMID: 37355085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Hedychium of family Zingiberaceae comprises several perennial rhizomatous species widely used in perfumery and traditional folk medicine to treat diseases related to asthma, diarrhoea, nausea, stomach disorders, inflammation and tumours. Several species of Hedychium have remained under-explored with respect to their chemical composition and biological activities. AIM OF THE STUDY The current research aimed to explore the chemical composition and evaluate the antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of rhizome essential oil from four Hedychium species (H. coccineum, H. gardnerianum, H. greenii and H. griffithianum). MATERIALS AND METHODS Compound identification was accomplished using a Clarus 580 gas chromatography system in conjunction with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The multivariate data statistics using chemometrics (PCA, PLS-DA, sPLS-DA) and cluster analysis (Dendrogram, Heat maps, K-means) were used to compare the similarity and relationship among Hedychium metabolomes. MTT assay was employed to visualize the antiproliferative property against MCF7, HepG2 and PC3 cancerous cell lines. The toxicity of essential oils was determined using 3T3-L1 non-tumorigenic/normal cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells were used to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of Hedychium essential oils by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) using the Griess reagent method. Furthermore, the levels of prostaglandin (PGE2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) was assessed using the ELISA technique. RESULTS In total, 82 compounds were identified in four targeted species of Hedychium from which 1,8-cineole (52.71%), β-pinene (32.83%), α-pinene (19.62%), humulene epoxide II (19.86%) and humulene epoxide I (19.10%) were the major constituents. Monoterpenes (8.5-59.9%) and sesquiterpenes (2.87-54.11%) were the two class of compounds, found as the most prevalent in the extracted essential oils. The multivariate analysis classified the four Hedychium species into three different clusters. Hedychium essential oils exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against MCF7, HepG2 and PC3 cancer cell lines with IC50 values less than 150 μg/mL where H. gardnerianum exhibited the highest selective cytotoxicity against human breast and prostate adenocarcinoma cells with an IC50 value of 44.04 ± 1.07 μg/mL and 56.11 ± 1.44 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oils on normal (3T3-L1) cells displayed no toxicity with higher IC50 values thereby concluding as safe to use for normal human health without causing any side effects. Besides, the essential oils at 100 μg/mL concentration revealed remarkable anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators, with H. greenii exhibiting the maximum anti-inflammation response by significantly suppressing the levels of NO (84%), PGE2 (87%), TNF-α (94.3%), IL-6 (95%) and IL-1β (85%) as compared to LPS treated group. CONCLUSION The present findings revealed that the Hedychium species traditionally used in therapeutics could be a potential source of active compounds with antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Mohanty
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Asit Ray
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Chiranjibi Sahoo
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ambika Sahoo
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudipta Jena
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Chandra Panda
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Nayak
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Sousa LDR, Viana NR, Coêlho AG, Barbosa CDO, Barros DSL, Martins MDCDCE, Ramos RM, Arcanjo DDR. Use of Monoterpenes as Potential Therapeutics in Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Review. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2023; 2023:1512974. [PMID: 38029230 PMCID: PMC10665111 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1512974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoterpenes are secondary metabolites of plants belonging to the terpenoid class of natural products. They are the most abundant components of essential oils that are generally considered to have various pharmacological properties. These compounds are reported to have antidiabetic effects in recent years. Due to nature's complex biosynthetic machinery, they also exhibit a reasonable degree of structural complexity/diversity for further analysis in structure-activity studies. Therefore, monoterpenes as antidiabetic agents have been investigated by recent in vitro and in vivo studies extensively reported in the scientific literature and claimed by patent documents. The purpose of this survey is to provide a comprehensive and prospective review concerning the potential applications of monoterpenes in the treatment of diabetes. The data for this research were collected through the specialized databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect between the years 2014 and 2022, as well as the patent databases EPO, WIPO, and USPTO. The research used 76 articles published in the leading journals in the field. The main effect observed was the antidiabetic activity of monoterpenes. This review showed that monoterpenes can be considered promising agents for prevention and/or treatment of diabetes as well as have a marked pharmaceutical potential for the development of bioproducts for therapeutics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo da Rocha Sousa
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
- LaBME–Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Epidemiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí–Campus Teresina Central, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Nildomar Ribeiro Viana
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Gomes Coêlho
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Celma de Oliveira Barbosa
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e Martins
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Martins Ramos
- LaBME–Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Epidemiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí–Campus Teresina Central, Teresina, Brazil
- LaPeSI–Information Systems Research Laboratory, Department of Information, Environment, Health and Food Production, Federal Institute of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo
- LAFMOL–Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
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Li Q, Putra NR, Rizkiyah DN, Abdul Aziz AH, Irianto I, Qomariyah L. Orange Pomace and Peel Extraction Processes towards Sustainable Utilization: A Short Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083550. [PMID: 37110784 PMCID: PMC10145211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 58 million metric tonnes of oranges were produced in 2021, and the peels, which account for around one-fifth of the fruit weight, are often discarded as waste in the orange juice industry. Orange pomace and peels as wastes are used as a sustainable raw material to make valuable products for nutraceuticals. The orange peels and pomace contain pectin, phenolics, and limonene, which have been linked to various health benefits. Various green extraction methods, including supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) extraction, subcritical water extraction (SWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), are applied to valorize the orange peels and pomace. Therefore, this short review will give insight into the valorization of orange peels/pomace extraction using different extraction methods for health and wellness. This review extracts information from articles written in English and published from 2004 to 2022. The review also discusses orange production, bioactive compounds in orange peels/pomaces, green extractions, and potential uses in the food industry. Based on this review, the valorization of orange peels and pomaces can be carried out using green extraction methods with high quantities and qualities of extracts. Therefore, the extract can be used for health and wellness products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiao Li
- College of Grain Engineering, Henan Industry and Trade Vocational College, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Nicky Rahmana Putra
- Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Dwila Nur Rizkiyah
- Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR), Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hazim Abdul Aziz
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Irianto Irianto
- Department General Education, Faculty of Resilience, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi 114646, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lailatul Qomariyah
- Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
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Encapsulation of D-Limonene into O/W Nanoemulsions for Enhanced Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020471. [PMID: 36679351 PMCID: PMC9864102 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the physical stability in terms of (droplet size, pH, and ionic strength) and chemical stability in terms of (retention) of D-limonene (LM) in the nanoemulsions after emulsification as well as after storing them for 30 days under different temperatures (5 °C, 25 °C, and 50 °C). LM is a cyclic monoterpene and a major component extracted from citrus fruits. The modification of disperse phase with soybean oil (SB) and a nonionic emulsifier (Tween 80) was adequate to prepare stable LM-loaded nanoemulsions. LM blended with SB-loaded nanoemulsions were stable against droplet growth over pH (3-9) and ionic strength (0-500 mM NaCl). Regarding long-term storage, the prepared nanoemulsions demonstrated excellent physical stability with droplet size ranging from 120-130 nm during 30 days of storage at both 5 °C and 25 °C; however, oiling off started in the emulsions, which were stored at 50 °C from day 10. On the other hand, the retention of LM in the emulsions was significantly impacted by storage temperature. Nanoemulsions stored at 5 °C had the highest retention of 91%, while nanoemulsions stored at 25 °C had the lowest retention of 82%.
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Citrus Essential Oils in Aromatherapy: Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122374. [PMID: 36552586 PMCID: PMC9774566 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus is one of the main fruit crops cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Approximately half (40-47%) of the fruit mass is inedible and discarded as waste after processing, which causes pollution to the environment. Essential oils (EOs) are aromatic compounds found in significant quantities in oil sacs or oil glands present in the leaves, flowers, and fruit peels (mainly the flavedo part). Citrus EO is a complex mixture of ~400 compounds and has been found to be useful in aromatic infusions for personal health care, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, color enhancers in foods and beverages, and aromatherapy. The citrus EOs possess a pleasant scent, and impart relaxing, calming, mood-uplifting, and cheer-enhancing effects. In aromatherapy, it is applied either in message oils or in diffusion sprays for homes and vehicle sittings. The diffusion creates a fresh feeling and enhances relaxation from stress and anxiety and helps uplifting mood and boosting emotional and physical energy. This review presents a comprehensive outlook on the composition, properties, characterization, and mechanism of action of the citrus EOs in various health-related issues, with a focus on its antioxidant properties.
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Citrus junos Tanaka Peel Extract Ameliorates HDM-Induced Lung Inflammation and Immune Responses In Vivo. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235024. [PMID: 36501052 PMCID: PMC9740624 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, lung disorders have become a major health concern for humans. Allergic asthma is the most prevalent form of asthma, and its treatments target the inflammation process. Despite significant developments in the diagnosis and management of allergic asthma, side effects are a major concern. Additionally, its extreme heterogeneity impedes the efficacy of the majority of treatments. Thus, newer, safer therapeutic substances, such as natural products, are desired. Citrus junos Tanaka has traditionally been utilized as an anti-inflammatory, sedative, antipyretic, and antitoxic substance. In this study, the protective effects of Citrus junos Tanaka peel extract (B215) against lung inflammation were examined, and efforts were made to understand the underlying protective mechanism using an HDM-induced lung inflammation murine model. The administration of B215 reduced immune cell infiltration in the lungs, plasma IgE levels, airway resistance, mucus hypersecretions, and cytokine production. These favorable effects alleviated HDM-induced lung inflammation by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Hence, B215 might be a promising functional food to treat lung inflammation without adverse effects.
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Soares KD, Bordignon SAL, Apel MA. Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oils of Piper gaudichaudianum and Piper mikanianum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115533. [PMID: 35840057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inflammation is the body's normal protective response to injury and is stimulated by pathogens, toxic compounds, damaged cells or radiation, promoting healing and restoring homeostasis to the injured tissue. Leaves of Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth, known as "pariparoba" are widely used in folk medicine for the relief of toothache, while the fresh roots are used as anti-inflammatory and to treat liver disorders. For P. mikanianum (Kunth) Steud is known as "aguaxima", is widely used in the treatment of inflammation, rheumatism and ulcer, with its roots being used for stomach disorders and as a diaphoretic in intermittent fevers. AIM OF THE STUDY Therefore, this work aims to chemically characterize the essential oil of Piper gaudichaudianum and Piper mikanianum, as well as the evaluation of neutrophil antichemotactic activity of both essential oils in order to complement the information of its traditional use, taking the leaves as plant material and, with that, corroborating its use in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The essential oil from leaves of both Piper species were obtained from crushed fresh samples, by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger type-apparatus for 4 h. The yield determination was performed as vol/wt (v/w) and in triplicate. The amount of essential oil obtained was quantified in mL. The identification and quantification of the compounds was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the model of modified Boyden chamber. In this test the essential oils were tested for their ability to inhibit leukocyte chemotaxis stimulated by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. RESULTS The chemical composition of the essential oils revealed the identification of 26 constituents for P. gaudichaudianum being the sesquiterpenes β-selinene (14.0%) and viridiflorene (10.5%) the main compounds, followed by caryophyllene oxide (9.3%) and (E)-nerolidol (9.0%). For P. mikanianum essential oil, β-myrcene (17.2%) and bicyclogermacrene (26.3%) were the major components in the monoterpenes and sesquiterpene fractions, respectively. The essential oils were also tested for their ability to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro when stimulated by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. Both essential oils showed antichemotactic effect with reduction in migration of 0-72.2% for P. gaudichaudianum and 8.6-100% for P. mikanianum to same concentrations, suggesting a response to acute inflammatory processes. CONCLUSIONS Since up to date there is no report of this biological activities by this mechanism (antichemotactic assay) for essential oils this species. These results showed that the essential oils of P. gaudichaudianum and P. mikanianum have a great capacity to inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis in an inflammatory process, in a dose-dependent way, suggesting anti-inflammatory potential, by preventing its accumulation at the injury site with the possibility of tissue damage. Findings of these studies support the traditional use of these species in the treatment of inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krissie D Soares
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sérgio A L Bordignon
- Environmental Impact Assessment Graduate Program, La Salle University Center, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Miriam A Apel
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Akhavan-Mahdavi S, Sadeghi R, Faridi Esfanjani A, Hedayati S, Shaddel R, Dima C, Malekjani N, Boostani S, Jafari SM. Nanodelivery systems for d-limonene; techniques and applications. Food Chem 2022; 384:132479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sipping MTK, Mediesse FK, Sombes AYN, Mfopa A, Boudjeko T. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Ganoderma resinaceum (Boud) fruiting bodies extracts. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Ganoderma resinaceum is used to treat oxidative and inflammatory-related diseases such as cardiovascular and liver diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of different extracts from G. resinaceum fruiting bodies. Methods: Aqueous crude (GRT), mycelial (MYC), exopolysaccharide (EPS I, EPS II) and water-soluble polysaccharide-rich (GRP I and GRP II) extracts of G. resinaceum were assessed for their free radical scavenging and metal chelating ions assays. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by stabilization of erythrocytes’ membranes and protein denaturation assays. For the in vivo study, paw oedema was induced by administration of κ-carrageenan (0.1 mL; 1%) to male Wistar rats aged 4 to 6 weeks. Animals were pre-treated with G. resinaceum extracts (125 mg/kg) and diclofenac sodium (20 mg/kg). Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were determined, and histological analysis of paw tissue was performed. Results: G. resinaceum polysaccharide-rich extracts (GRP I and GRP II) showed the best bioactivities. They scavenged DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS (2,2-azino-bis-3- ethylbenzylthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, and NO (nitric oxide) radicals, and chelated ferrous ions, stabilized murine erythrocyte membranes, and inhibited protein denaturation. At 125 mg/kg, GRP I and GRP II restored the microarchitecture with a weak infiltration of immune cells in the subcutaneous tissues. Moreover, they decreased the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines growth colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon gamma (IFNγ), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), chemokines (eotaxin, fractalkine) and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-12p70). Conclusion: G. resinaceum polysaccharide extracts could be potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Trésor Kemegne Sipping
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetic Resources, Biotechnology Centre-Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 17673, Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé 812, Cameroon
| | - Francine Kengne Mediesse
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetic Resources, Biotechnology Centre-Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 17673, Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Annette Yannuvie Natia Sombes
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetic Resources, Biotechnology Centre-Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 17673, Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Adamou Mfopa
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetic Resources, Biotechnology Centre-Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 17673, Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, P.O. Box. 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Thaddée Boudjeko
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection and Valorization of Genetic Resources, Biotechnology Centre-Nkolbisson, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 17673, Etetak, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Zhao C, Zhang Z, Nie D, Li Y. Protective Effect of Lemon Essential Oil and Its Major Active Component, D-Limonene, on Intestinal Injury and Inflammation of E. coli-Challenged Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:843096. [PMID: 35719143 PMCID: PMC9201525 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.843096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are a major threat to public health. Natural plant essential oils (EOs) possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mode of action of lemon essential oil (LEO), and its main active component, d-limonene, with different doses on intestinal inflammation of mice. Sixty-four 5-week-old male balb/c mice weighing 22.0 ± 1.5 g were randomly assigned into one of 8 treatments (n = 8/treatment), including normal saline group (NS), Escherichia coli (E. coli) group, and either LEO and d-limonene essential oil (DEO) group supplemented at 300, 600, and 1,200 mg/kg of BW, respectively. After the pre-feeding period, the mice were fasted for 12 h, the mice in the NS group and the E. coli group were gavaged with normal saline, and the mice in the LEO group and DEO group were gavaged with respective dose of EOs for 1 week. One hour after the end of gavage on the 7th day, except that the mice in the normal saline group were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, the mice in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with the same concentration of E. coli (108 cfu/ml, 0.15 ml per mouse). The antioxidant indexes were measured including superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in plasma obtained by taking blood from mouse eyeballs. The inflammatory indexes were measured including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in plasma. The tight junction protein indicators were tested include zona occludens 1 protein (ZO-1), occludin and claudin in mouse duodenum. We found that all of the above indexes for E. coli group were different (P< 0.05) with the NS group. The interaction of EO and dose (E × D) were significant (P < 0.01) for all of the indexes. In addition, LEO at 300 mg/kg BW and DEO at 600 mg/kg BW had better antioxidant and anti-inflammation activity on the infected mice, which reduced (P < 0.05) the plasma concentrations of MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, but increased (P < 0.01) the concentrations of SOD. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of duodenum observation showed that LEO and DEO reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and maintain the orderly arrangement of epithelial cells. Moreover, supplementation of LEO at 600 mg/kg and DEO at 300 mg/kg BW alleviated (P < 0.05) intestinal barrier injury for increasing the relative expression of ZO-1, occludin and claudin mRNA in mice duodenum. These results showed that the pre-treatment with LEO and DEO had protection of intestinal tissue and inflammation in E. coli infected mice. Both LEO and DEO exhibited activity of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and alleviating intestinal injury, whereas, compared with DEO, LEO can be active at a lower dosage. Furthermore, as the main active component of LEO, the d-limonene appeared to play not only the major role, but also the joint action with other active components of LEO.
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Sanitary Registries and Popular Medicinal Plants Used in Medicines and Herbal Remedies in Mexico (2001–2020): A Review and Potential Perspectives. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mexico, a megadiverse country, hosts approximately 10–12% of the world’s biodiversity and at least 21,989–23,424 vascular plants, 3350 of which are traditional medicinal flora. The Mexican Regulation categorizes herbal medicinal products into two groups: herbal medicines products and herbal remedies products. To date, there is no available information that describes and includes analyzed data about these two types of herbal medicinal products registered in Mexico. The purpose of the study was to analyze national sanitary registries of herbal products from 2001 to 2020 and identify native Mexican plants that are most used in herbal products. Further, the study aims to highlight the impact and relevance of this large number of medicinal plants, which represent a great source of information, genetic resources, bioactive compounds, and potential use in subsequent therapies based on scientific evidence. The future of medicines and herbal remedies is underestimated; thus, the significance of evaluating the great potential in studying plants for medicinal use must be taken into account.
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Lee DH, Woo JK, Heo W, Huang WY, Kim Y, Chung S, Lee GH, Park JW, Han BK, Shin EC, Pan JH, Kim JK, Kim YJ. Citrus junos Tanaka Peel Extract and Its Bioactive Naringin Reduce Fine Dust-Induced Respiratory Injury Markers in BALB/c Male Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:1101. [PMID: 35268078 PMCID: PMC8912745 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) 10 refers to fine dust with a diameter of less than 10 µm and induces apoptosis and inflammatory responses through oxidative stress. Citrus junos Tanaka is a citrus fruit and contains bioactive flavonoids including naringin. In the present study, we aimed to identify the preventive effect of Citrus junos Tanaka peel extract (CPE) against PM10-induced lung injury. As a proof of concept, NCI-H460 cells were treated with CPE (800 μg/mL, 12 h) in conjunction with PM10 to examine intracellular antioxidative capacity in the pulmonary system. In an in vivo model, male BALB/c mice (n = 8/group) were randomly assigned into five groups: NEG (saline-treated), POS (PM10 only), NAR (PM10 + naringin, 100 mg/kg), CPL (PM10 + CPE low, 100 mg/kg), and CPH (PM10 + CPE high, 400 mg/kg). Intervention groups received dietary supplementations for 7 days followed by PM10 exposure (100 mg/kg, intranasal instillation). Compared to the NEG, the CPE decreased to 22% of the ROS generation and significantly increased cell viability in vitro. The histological assessments confirmed that pulmonary damages were alleviated in the PM10 + CPL group compared to the POS. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB/apoptosis signaling-related markers were decreased in the PM10 + CPL group compared to the POS. These results indicated that CPE showed promising efficacy in preventing pulmonary injuries in vivo. Such protection can be explained by the anti-oxidative capacity of CPE, likely due to its bioactives, including naringin (7.74 mg/g CPE). Follow-up human intervention, as well as population-level studies, will further shed light on the preventive efficacy of CPE against pulmonary damage in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hun Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (J.-K.W.); (W.-Y.H.); (B.-K.H.)
| | - Jin-Kyung Woo
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (J.-K.W.); (W.-Y.H.); (B.-K.H.)
| | - Wan Heo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Seowon University, Cheongju 28647, Korea;
| | - Wen-Yan Huang
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (J.-K.W.); (W.-Y.H.); (B.-K.H.)
| | - Yunsik Kim
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Korea; (Y.K.); (S.C.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-W.P.)
| | - Soohak Chung
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Korea; (Y.K.); (S.C.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-W.P.)
| | - Gyeong-Hweon Lee
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Korea; (Y.K.); (S.C.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-W.P.)
| | - Jae-Woong Park
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul 07594, Korea; (Y.K.); (S.C.); (G.-H.L.); (J.-W.P.)
| | - Bok-Kyung Han
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (J.-K.W.); (W.-Y.H.); (B.-K.H.)
| | - Eui-Chul Shin
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Jeong-Hoon Pan
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (J.-H.P.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Jae-Kyeom Kim
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (J.-H.P.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Young-Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (J.-K.W.); (W.-Y.H.); (B.-K.H.)
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Peter R, Josende ME, da Silva Barreto J, da Costa Silva DG, da Rosa CE, Maciel FE. Effect of Illicium verum (Hook) essential oil on cholinesterase and locomotor activity of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 181:105027. [PMID: 35082043 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to test the insecticidal effect of the essential oil of Illicium verum (Hook) by observing the survival, biochemical parameters (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, glutathione s-transferase (GST) activity and the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS)) and locomotor capacity of the Coleoptera Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), a pest of beef poultry. The sublethal concentrations (100% survival of A. diaperinus during 96 h of exposure) of I. verum essential oil selected for analysis were 0.5% and 1%. The selected sublethal concentrations did not show significant increases in ROS levels after 24 h of exposure to the essential oil. However, increases in GST activity were seen following exposure to 0.5% I. verum essential oil, while decreases in AChE activity were observed following exposure to concentrations of 0.5% and 1%. These results correlate with the observed behavior of A. diaperinus; when placed into an arena, these insects typically demonstrate aversion to stimuli and refuge-seeking behavior. Following exposure to 0.5% I. verum essential oil, the insects showed loss of refuge-seeking capacity and, following exposure to a concentration of 1%, loss of locomotor capacity. Overall, these results indicate that I. verum essential oil can be used as an alternative to conventional insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rejane Peter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Estrella Josende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliano da Silva Barreto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dennis Guilherme da Costa Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Everton Maciel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, FURG, Av. Itália, Km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Byun S, Chen C, Yin H, Patel J. Antimicrobial Effect of Natural Fruit Extracts against
Salmonella
on Whole and Fresh‐cut Cucumbers. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suyeun Byun
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Environmental and Food Safety Microbiology Laboratory Beltsville MD USA
| | - Chi‐Hung Chen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Environmental and Food Safety Microbiology Laboratory Beltsville MD USA
| | - Hsin‐Bai Yin
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Environmental and Food Safety Microbiology Laboratory Beltsville MD USA
| | - Jitendra Patel
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Environmental and Food Safety Microbiology Laboratory Beltsville MD USA
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Long B, Fischer B, Zeng Y, Amerigian Z, Li Q, Bryant H, Li M, Dai SY, Yuan JS. Machine learning-informed and synthetic biology-enabled semi-continuous algal cultivation to unleash renewable fuel productivity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:541. [PMID: 35087023 PMCID: PMC8795378 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Algal biofuel is regarded as one of the ultimate solutions for renewable energy, but its commercialization is hindered by growth limitations caused by mutual shading and high harvest costs. We overcome these challenges by advancing machine learning to inform the design of a semi-continuous algal cultivation (SAC) to sustain optimal cell growth and minimize mutual shading. An aggregation-based sedimentation (ABS) strategy is then designed to achieve low-cost biomass harvesting and economical SAC. The ABS is achieved by engineering a fast-growing strain, Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973, to produce limonene, which increases cyanobacterial cell surface hydrophobicity and enables efficient cell aggregation and sedimentation. SAC unleashes cyanobacterial growth potential with 0.1 g/L/hour biomass productivity and 0.2 mg/L/hour limonene productivity over a sustained period in photobioreactors. Scaling-up the SAC with an outdoor pond system achieves a biomass yield of 43.3 g/m2/day, bringing the minimum biomass selling price down to approximately $281 per ton. Growth limitation caused by mutual shading and the high harvest cost hamper algal biofuel production. Here, the authors overcome these two problems by designing a semi-continuous algal cultivation system and an aggregation-based sedimentation strategy to achieve high levels production of biomass and limonene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Long
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Bart Fischer
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yining Zeng
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Zoe Amerigian
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Henry Bryant
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.,Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub (SSBiH), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Susie Y Dai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.,Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub (SSBiH), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Joshua S Yuan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. .,Synthetic and Systems Biology Innovation Hub (SSBiH), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Cinnamon and Eucalyptus Oils Suppress the Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide In Vivo. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237410. [PMID: 34885991 PMCID: PMC8659246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation caused by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) disrupts epithelial homeostasis and threatens both human and animal health. Therefore, the discovery and development of new anti-inflammatory drugs is urgently required. Plant-derived essential oils (EOs) have good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, this study aims to screen and evaluate the effects of cinnamon oil and eucalyptus oil on anti-inflammatory activities. The associated evaluation indicators include body weight gain, visceral edema coefficient, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrogen monoxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Urea, Crea, ALT, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, IκB-α, iNOS, and Mn-SOD. In addition, tissue injury was determined by H&E staining. The results revealed that cinnamon oil and eucalyptus oil suppressed inflammation by decreasing SOD, TNF-α, and NF-κB levels. We also found that cinnamon oil increased the level of GSH-Px, MDA, and Mn-SOD, as well as the visceral edema coefficient of the kidney and liver. Altogether, these findings illustrated that cinnamon oil and eucalyptus oil exhibited wide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities against LPS-induced inflammation.
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22
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Adriana Estrella GR, María Eva GT, Alberto HL, María Guadalupe VD, Azucena CV, Sandra OS, Noé AV, Francisco Javier LM. Limonene from Agastache mexicana essential oil produces antinociceptive effects, gastrointestinal protection and improves experimental ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114462. [PMID: 34324951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Agastache mexicana is a popular plant of great demand in folk medicine, essentially due to its calming properties and for alleviating arthritic, muscular and abdominal pain. Despite its spectrum for pain relief, pharmacological studies of its bioactive constituents have been barely investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate protective properties of the A. mexicana and bioactive compounds improving pathological gastrointestinal conditions in rodents. MATERIAL AND METHODS Different doses of the essential oil of A. mexicana ssp. mexicana and ssp. xolocotziana (30-562.2 mg/kg, i.p.) and individual monoterpenes (3-300 mg/kg, i.p.) were evaluated in an abdominal pain model. The most active monoterpene limonene and sulfasalazine (reference drug, 100 mg/kg, p.o.) were also evaluated in the oxazolone-induced colitis model using an oral gavage, where some inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Finally, colonic histological assessment and gastroprotection in the absolute ethanol-induced ulcer model were explored. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the essential oil of both subspecies produced a significant reduction in the abdominal writhes, where monoterpenes limonene and pulegone were partially responsible bioactive metabolites. Limonene showed the major antinociceptive efficacy in the writhing test. It also significantly decreased hyperalgesia, pathological biomarkers, and colonic inflammatory cytokines in the oxazolone-induced colitis model, as well as prevention in gastric damage. CONCLUSIONS Present results provide scientific evidence to reinforce the use of A. mexicana in the traditional medicine for gastrointestinal conditions, mainly related to pain and inflammation, demonstrating the potential of monoterpenes as natural products in the therapeutics of gastrointestinal affections such as ulcer, colitis, and abdominal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- González-Ramírez Adriana Estrella
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, CDMX, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacobiología, CINVESTAV-IPN, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, C.P. 14330, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - González-Trujano María Eva
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Hernandez-Leon Alberto
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Valle-Dorado María Guadalupe
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Carballo-Villalobos Azucena
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Investigación Científica 70, C.U., Coyoacán, 04510, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Orozco-Suárez Sandra
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, 06720, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Alvarado-Vásquez Noé
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calz. de Tlalpan 04502, Col. Sección XVI, 14080, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - López-Muñoz Francisco Javier
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, CINVESTAV-IPN, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, C.P. 14330, CDMX, Mexico.
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Bouyahya A, Guaouguaou FE, El Omari N, El Menyiy N, Balahbib A, El-Shazly M, Bakri Y. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Moroccan medicinal plants: Phytochemistry, in vitro and in vivo investigations, mechanism insights, clinical evidences and perspectives. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:35-57. [PMID: 35573886 PMCID: PMC9073245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moroccan medicinal plants exhibit several pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects, which are related to the presence of numerous bioactive compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. In the present review, we systematically evaluate previously published reports on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Moroccan medicinal plants. The in vitro investigations revealed that Moroccan medicinal plants inhibit several enzymes related to inflammatory processes, whereas in vivo studies noted significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects as demonstrated using different experimental models. Various bioactive compounds exhibiting in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, with diverse mechanisms of action, have been identified. Some plants and their bioactive compounds reveal specific secondary metabolites that possess important anti-inflammatory effects in clinical investigations. Our review proposes the potential applications of Moroccan medicinal plants as sources of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Moroccan medicinal plants were highlighted. Chemical nature of Moroccan medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects was reported. Insights into anti-inflammatory mechanisms of bioactive compounds were highlighted. Toxicological investigations of Moroccan medicinal plants were reviewed.
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24
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Singh B, Singh JP, Kaur A, Yadav MP. Insights into the chemical composition and bioactivities of citrus peel essential oils. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110231. [PMID: 33992345 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Citrus peel (CP), a by-product of the citrus fruit processing, comprises nearly forty to fifty percent of the fruit portion. Interestingly, the essential oil (EO) is primarily concentrated in the peel portion of the citrus fruit. Extraction of CP essential oil (CPEO) is an effective way of utilizing the citrus fruit processing waste. The CPEO can be more efficiently recovered from CP waste by improving the efficiency of conventional extraction processes. The main components of CPEO include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and their oxygenated derivatives. Specifically, limonene is the major oil component identified in the peel of different citrus species. The health promoting biological activities of CPEO are functioning as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial and anticancer agents, thereby can be used as a source of functional components and preservatives for the development of nutritionally safe newer food products. This paper provides an in-depth knowledge about the chemical constituents and bioactivities of EOs extracted from peels of different citrus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balwinder Singh
- P.G. Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar 143002, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Pal Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Amritpal Kaur
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Madhav P Yadav
- Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
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Cerino P, Buonerba C, Cannazza G, D'Auria J, Ottoni E, Fulgione A, Di Stasio A, Pierri B, Gallo A. A Review of Hemp as Food and Nutritional Supplement. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2021; 6:19-27. [PMID: 33614949 DOI: 10.1089/can.2020.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The term "hemp" refers to Cannabis sativa cultivars grown for industrial purposes that are characterized by lower levels of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active principle responsible for Cannabis psychotropic effects. Hemp is an extraordinary crop, with enormous social and economic value, since it can be used to produce food, textiles, clothing, biodegradable plastics, paper, paint, biofuel, and animal feed, as well as lighting oil. Various parts of the hemp plant represent a valuable source of food and ingredients for nutritional supplements. While hemp inflorescence is rich in nonpsychoactive, yet biologically active cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD), which exerts potent anxiolytic, spasmolytic, as well as anticonvulsant effects, hempseed has a pleasant nutty taste and represents a valuable source of essential amino acids and fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and fibers. In addition, hempseed oil is a source of healthy polyunsaturated fatty acids, and hemp sprouts are rich in antioxidants. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive outlook from a multidisciplinary perspective on the scientific evidence supporting hemp beneficial properties when consumed as food or supplement. Marketing of hemp-derived products is subjected to diversified and complex regulations worldwide for several reasons, including the fact that CBD is also the active principal of pharmaceutical agents and that regulatory bodies in some cases ban Cannabis inflorescence regardless of its THC content. Some key regulatory aspects of such a complex scenario are also analyzed and discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pellegrino Cerino
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Naples, Italy.,Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hematology, Regional Reference Center for Rare Tumors, AOU Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cannazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,CNR NANOTEC, Campus Ecotekne of the University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Jacopo D'Auria
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Ermete Ottoni
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Andrea Fulgione
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stasio
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Pierri
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Alfonso Gallo
- National Reference Center for Environmental Health, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.,Multidisciplinary Center on Cannabinoid Research-REICA, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
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26
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Nam SH, Cho HS, Jeong H, Lee BB, Cho YS, Rameeza F, Eun JB. Physiochemical properties, dietary fibers, and functional characterization of three yuzu cultivars at five harvesting times. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:117-127. [PMID: 33552623 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This research focused on physiochemical and nutritional properties and functional characterization of three cultivars of yuzu-Native, Tadanishiki yuzu, and Namhae1-during different seasons. According to the cultivar and harvest time, yuzu cultivars were analyzed for free sugar, dietary fiber, hesperidin, naringin, and flavonoid content as well as antioxidant and antihypertensive activity. During November, Namhae1 exhibited the highest fruit weight, °Brix/acidity ratio, and total dietary fiber content. Tadanishiki contained the highest fructose and sucrose levels, pectin and cellulose contents, and soluble dietary fiber. Tadanishiki also had the highest hesperidin content in October, while the naringin content and antioxidant activity were the greatest in November. Antihypertensive activity was also the strongest for Tadanishiki, which was picked in October and November. These results indicated that Tadanishiki in October or November was the best for consumption or favorable processing because of its excellent product quality and high levels of nutritional and functional compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hee Nam
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Hye-Sung Cho
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Hana Jeong
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Bo-Bae Lee
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Youn-Sup Cho
- Fruit Research Institute of Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Jeonnam Korea
| | - Fatima Rameeza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
| | - Jong-Bang Eun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186 Korea
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27
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de Veras BO, de Oliveira JRS, de Menezes Lima VL, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar JCR, de Medeiros Moura GM, da Silva JW, de Assis CRD, Gorlach-Lira K, de Assis PAC, de Souza Barbosa JI, de Melo MRCS, de Oliveira MBM, da Silva MV, de Souza Lopes AC. The essential oil of the leaves of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and is toxicologically safe. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113248. [PMID: 32805356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake is a medicinal plant from South America, popularly known as "asa de peixe", "asa de peixe branco", "cambará branco" or "cambará guaçu", being used by traditional communities for its healing powers in the form of teas, infusions, liqueurs and extracts, for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts, such as kidney problems, bronchitis, inflammation and fever. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the ethnopharmacological use of the species, this study investigated the chemical composition, and for the first time acute toxicity, hemolytic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the essential oil from leaves of V. macrophylla. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation (HD), being characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution technique in bacteria and fungi that cause infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, and toxicological safety regarding hemolytic activity on human red blood cells (hRBCs), and acute toxicity in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the model carrageenan-induced peritonitis with quantification of the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the intraperitoneal fluid, and ear edema induced by croton oil. The antipyretic activity evaluated in mice with pyrexia induced by yeast. RESULTS The extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation (HD) showed a yield of 0.33 ± 0.04%, with its composition constituted mainly by sesquiterpenes of hydrocarbons (94.00%). The essential oil demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity, with a low rate of hemolysis in human red blood cells (hRBCs) and no clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals after acute treatment, which suggested that the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg; p.o. The essential oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (38.83%, 72.42% and 73.52%) and IL-1β (37.70%, 75.92% and 87.71%), and ear edema by 49.53%, 85.04% and 94.39% at concentrations of 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The antipyretic activity presented by the essential oil is statistically similar to dipyrone. CONCLUSION The set of results obtained, validates the main activities attributed to the traditional use of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake. These data add industrial value to the species, considering that the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities present results similar to the drugs already used also presenting safety. The results suggest that essential oil from V. macrophylla may be used by industry for the development of drugs with natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Wellinton da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Biology Molecular of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jorge Irapuan de Souza Barbosa
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Cabral Sales de Melo
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Nagoor Meeran M, Seenipandi A, Javed H, Sharma C, Hashiesh HM, Goyal SN, Jha NK, Ojha S. Can limonene be a possible candidate for evaluation as an agent or adjuvant against infection, immunity, and inflammation in COVID-19? Heliyon 2021; 7:e05703. [PMID: 33490659 PMCID: PMC7810623 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an ongoing pandemic and presents a public health emergency. It has affected millions of people and continues to affect more, despite the tremendous social preventive measures. The therapeutic strategy relies on suppressing infectivity and inflammation, along with immune modulation. The identification of candidate drugs effective for COVID-19 is crucial, thus many natural products including phytochemicals are also being proposed for repurposing and evaluated for their potential in COVID-19. Among numerous phytochemicals, limonene (LMN), a dietary terpene of natural origin has been recently showed to target viral proteins in the in-silico studies. LMN is one of the main compounds identified in many citrus plants, available and accessible in diets and well-studied for its therapeutic benefits. Due to dietary nature, relative safety and efficacy along with favorable physicochemical properties, LMN has been suggested to be a fascinating candidate for further investigation in COVID-19. LMN showed to modulate numerous signaling pathways and inhibits inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, prostanoids, and eicosanoids. We hypothesized that given the pathogenesis of COVID-19 involving infection, inflammation, and immunity, LMN may have potential to limit the severity and progression of the disease owing to its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. The present article discusses the possibilities of LMN in SARS-CoV-2 infections based on its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. Though, the suggestion on the possible use of LMN in COVID-19 remains inconclusive until the in-silico effects confirmed in the experimental studies and further proof of the concept studies. The candidature of LMN in COVID-19 treatment somewhat appear speculative but cannot be overlooked provided favorable physiochemical and druggable properties. The safety and efficacy of LMN are necessary to be established in preclinical and clinical studies before making suggestions for use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.F. Nagoor Meeran
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - A. Seenipandi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayate Javed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hebaallah Mamdouh Hashiesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Shri Vile Parle Kelvani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box - 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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29
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Miguel MG, da Silva CI, Farah L, Castro Braga F, Figueiredo AC. Effect of Essential Oils on the Release of TNF-α and CCL2 by LPS-Stimulated THP‑1 Cells. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E50. [PMID: 33379375 PMCID: PMC7824467 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plants and their constituents have been used to treat diverse ailments since time immemorial. Many plants are used in diverse external and internal formulations (infusions, alcoholic extracts, essential oils (EOs), etc.) in the treatment of inflammation-associated diseases, such as those affecting the respiratory tract or causing gastrointestinal or joint problems, among others. To support the traditional uses of plant extracts, EOs have been assessed for their alleged anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of EOs on the release of cytokines and chemokines has been much less reported. Considering their traditional use and commercial relevance in Portugal and Angola, this study evaluated the effect of EOs on the in vitro inhibition of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells). Twenty EOs extracted from eighteen species from seven families, namely from Amaranthaceae (Dysphania ambrosioides), Apiaceae (Foeniculum vulgare), Asteraceae (Brachylaena huillensis, Solidago virgaurea), Euphorbiaceae (Spirostachys africana), Lamiaceae (Lavandula luisieri, Mentha cervina, Origanum majorana, Satureja montana, Thymbra capitata, Thymus mastichina, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis subsp. zygis), Myrtaceae (Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii, Eucalyptus radiata, Eucalyptus viminalis) and Pinaceae (Pinus pinaster) were assayed for the release of CCL2 and TNF-α by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. B. huillensis, S. africana, S. montana, Th. mastichina and Th. vulgaris EOs showed toxicity to THP-1 cells, at the lowest concentration tested (10 μg/mL), using the tetrazolium dye assay. The most active EOs in reducing TNF-α release by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells were those of T. capitata (51% inhibition at 20 μg/mL) and L. luisieri (15-23% inhibition at 30 μg/mL and 78-83% inhibition at 90 μg/mL). L. luisieri EO induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of CCL2 release by LPS‑stimulated THP-1 cells (23%, 54% and 82% inhibition at 10, 30 and 90 μg/mL, respectively). These EOs are potentially useful in the management of inflammatory diseases mediated by CCL2 and TNF‑α, such as atherosclerosis and arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Graça Miguel
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Carina Isabel da Silva
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED), Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Luana Farah
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (L.F.); (F.C.B.)
| | - Fernão Castro Braga
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil; (L.F.); (F.C.B.)
| | - Ana Cristina Figueiredo
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM Lisboa), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal (CBV), DBV, C2, Piso 1, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
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Kim JW, Jo EH, Moon JE, Cha H, Chang MH, Cho HT, Lee MK, Jung WS, Lee JH, Heo W, Kim YJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effect of Citrus Junos Tanaka Peel Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptotic Death of Lung Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1231. [PMID: 33291640 PMCID: PMC7761914 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Various stresses derived from both internal and external oxidative environments lead to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing progressive intracellular oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of Citrus junos Tanaka peel extract (CE) against oxidative-stress induced the apoptosis of lung cells and the associated mechanisms of action using in vitro and in vivo models. The protective effect of CE was evaluated in vitro in NCI-H460 human lung cells exposed to pro-oxidant H2O2. The preventive effect of CE (200 mg/kg/day, 10 days) against pulmonary injuries following acrolein inhalation (10 ppm for 12 h) was investigated using an in vivo mouse model. Herein, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of CE against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells under a highly oxidative environment. The function of CE is linked with its ability to suppress ROS-dependent, p53-mediated apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective role of CE against apoptotic pulmonary injuries associated with the inhalation of acrolein, a ubiquitous and highly oxidizing environmental respiratory pollutant, through the attenuation of oxidative stress. The results indicated that CE exhibits a protective effect against the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cells in both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Eun Hee Jo
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Ji Eun Moon
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Hanvit Cha
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Moon Han Chang
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Hyung Taek Cho
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Min Kook Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
| | - Wan Sik Jung
- Immunotech, Inc., Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31094, Korea;
| | - Jin Hyup Lee
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
- Institutes of Natural Sciences, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea
| | - Wan Heo
- Institutes of Natural Sciences, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 8244, Korea; (J.W.K.); (E.H.J.); (J.E.M.); (H.C.); (M.H.C.); (H.T.C.); (M.K.L.)
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Rossi RC, da Rosa SR, Weimer P, Lisbôa Moura JG, de Oliveira VR, de Castilhos J. Assessment of compounds and cytotoxicity of Citrus deliciosa Tenore essential oils: From an underexploited by-product to a rich source of high-value bioactive compounds. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Silva E, Oliveira F, Silva JM, Matias A, Reis RL, Duarte ARC. Optimal Design of THEDES Based on Perillyl Alcohol and Ibuprofen. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111121. [PMID: 33233659 PMCID: PMC7699764 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic deep eutectic systems (THEDES) have dramatically expanded their popularity in the pharmaceutical field due to their ability to increase active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) bioavailability. However, their biological performance has not yet been carefully scrutinized. Herein, THEDES based on the binary mixture of perillyl alcohol (POH) and ibuprofen (IBU) were prepared using different molar ratios. Our comprehensive strategy includes the characterization of their thermal and structural behavior to identify the molar ratios that successfully form deep eutectic systems. The in vitro solubility of the different systems prepared has demonstrated that, unlike other reported examples, the presence of the terpene did not affect the solubility of the anti-inflammatory agent in a physiological simulated media. The biological performance of the systems was studied in terms of their antimicrobial activity against a wide panel of microorganisms. The examined THEDES showed relevant antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains, with the exception of P. aeruginosa. A synergistic effect from the combination of POH and IBU as a eutectic system was verified. Furthermore, the cytotoxic profile of these eutectic systems towards colorectal cancer (CRC) in vitro cell models was also evaluated. The results provide the indication that the cell viability varies in a dose-dependent manner, with a selective THEDES action towards CRC cells. With tunable bioactivities in a ratio-dependent manner, THEDES enhanced the antimicrobial and anticancer properties, representing a possible alternative to conventional therapies. Therefore, this study provides foreseeable indications about the utility of THEDES based on POH and IBU as strong candidates for novel active pharmaceutical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; (E.S.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associated Laboratory, University of Minho, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Filipe Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Joana M. Silva
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; (E.S.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associated Laboratory, University of Minho, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (A.R.C.D.)
| | - Ana Matias
- Nutraceuticals and Bioactives Process Technology Laboratory, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal; (E.S.); (R.L.R.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associated Laboratory, University of Minho, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita C. Duarte
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nova University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (A.R.C.D.)
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Alliger K, Khalil M, König B, Weisenburger S, Koch E, Engel M. Menthacarin attenuates experimental colitis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 77:153212. [PMID: 32711288 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peppermint oil and caraway oil are established remedies in gastroenterological medicine because of their spasmolytic/analgesic effects. PURPOSE We investigated whether Menthacarin, a combination of both oils, exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dextran sodium sulphate (DSS, 2%) murine model of colitis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were orally administered Menthacarin in doses of 10, 30, 60, and 120 µg/g body weight (BW), and control mice received 0.2% agar, 10 µl/g BW, during 8 days of DSS-induced colitis. Colitis was monitored by BW measurements and colonoscopies. Colons of euthanised mice were excised for histological staining and ELISA measurements of the cytokines TNFα, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and TGF-β. RESULTS Menthacarin-treated mice compared to controls showed improved macroscopical and microscopical parameters and lower BW loss during the course of colitis. Menthacarin changed the colonic cytokine profile towards a regulatory/anti-inflammatory phenotype. CONCLUSION Menthacarin attenuates experimental colitis and may be a promising add-on therapy for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korina Alliger
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Khalil
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Universitätsstraße 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beatrix König
- Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals, Preclinical Research, Willmar-Schwabe-Straße 4, 76227 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sabrina Weisenburger
- Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals, Preclinical Research, Willmar-Schwabe-Straße 4, 76227 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Egon Koch
- Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals, Preclinical Research, Willmar-Schwabe-Straße 4, 76227 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Engel
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Biological Properties of a Citral-Enriched Fraction of Citrus limon Essential Oil. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091290. [PMID: 32937843 PMCID: PMC7555671 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon essential oil (LEO) is a well-known flavoring agent with versatile biological activities. In the present study, we have isolated and characterized four citral-enriched fractions of winter LEO. We reported that in murine and human macrophages the pre-treatment with a mix of these fractions (Cfr-LEO) reduces the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by LPS. In addition, Cfr-LEO counteracts LPS-induced oxidative stress, as shown by the increase in the GSH/GSSG ratio in comparison to cells treated with LPS alone. Overall, the results reported here encourage the application of EO fractions, enriched in citral, in the nutraceutical industry, not only for its organoleptic properties but also for its protective action against inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Denaro M, Smeriglio A, Xiao J, Cornara L, Burlando B, Trombetta D. New insights into
Citrus
genus: From ancient fruits to new hybrids. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Denaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment, and Life Sciences (DISTAV) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
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Patel M, Narke D, Kurade M, Frey KM, Rajalingam S, Siddiquee A, Mustafa SJ, Ledent C, Ponnoth DS. Limonene-induced activation of A 2A adenosine receptors reduces airway inflammation and reactivity in a mouse model of asthma. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:415-426. [PMID: 32789792 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models of asthma have shown that limonene, a naturally occurring terpene in citrus fruits, can reduce inflammation and airway reactivity. However, the mechanism of these effects is unknown. We first performed computational and molecular docking analyses that showed limonene could bind to both A2A and A2B receptors. The pharmacological studies were carried out with A2A adenosine receptor knock-out (A2AKO) and wild-type (WT) mice using ovalbumin (OVA) to generate the asthma phenotype. We investigated the effects of limonene on lung inflammation and airway responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) and NECA (nonselective adenosine analog) by administering limonene as an inhalation prior to OVA aerosol challenges in one group of allergic mice for both WT and KO. In whole-body plethysmography studies, we observed that airway responsiveness to MCh in WT SEN group was significantly lowered upon limonene treatment but no effect was observed in A2AKO. Limonene also attenuated NECA-induced airway responsiveness in WT allergic mice with no effect being observed in A2AKO groups. Differential BAL analysis showed that limonene reduced levels of eosinophils in allergic WT mice but not in A2AKO. However, limonene reduced neutrophils in sensitized A2AKO mice, suggesting that it may activate A2B receptors as well. These data indicate that limonene-induced reduction in airway inflammation and airway reactivity occurs mainly via activation of A2AAR but A2B receptors may also play a supporting role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehaben Patel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Deven Narke
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Mangesh Kurade
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen M Frey
- Fairleigh Dickinson University School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Teaneck, NJ, USA
| | - Sahith Rajalingam
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Armaan Siddiquee
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - S Jamal Mustafa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Dovenia S Ponnoth
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, WV, Lewisburg, USA.
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Gandhi GR, Vasconcelos ABS, Haran GH, Calisto VKDS, Jothi G, Quintans JDSS, Cuevas LE, Narain N, Júnior LJQ, Cipolotti R, Gurgel RQ. Essential oils and its bioactive compounds modulating cytokines: A systematic review on anti-asthmatic and immunomodulatory properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:152854. [PMID: 31036393 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma, the main inflammatory chronic condition affecting the respiratory system, is characterized by hyperresponsiveness and reversible airway obstruction, recruitment of inflammatory cells and excessive production of mucus. Cytokines as biochemical messengers of immune cells, play an important role in the regulation of allergic inflammatory and infectious airway processes. Essential oils of plant origin are complex mixtures of volatile and semi volatile organic compounds that determine the specific aroma of plants and are categorized by their biological activities. PURPOSE We reviewed whether essential oils and their bioactive compounds of plant origin could modulate cytokines' immune responses and improve asthma therapy in experimental systems in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Electronic and manual search of articles in English available from inception up to November 2018 reporting the immunomodulatory activity of essential oils and their bioactive compounds for the management of asthma. We used PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Publications reporting preclinical experiments where cytokines were examined to evaluate the consequence of anti-asthmatic therapy were included. RESULTS 914 publications were identified and 13 were included in the systematic review. Four articles described the role of essential oils and their bioactive compounds on bronchial asthma using cell lines; nine in vivo studies evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy and immunomodulating effects of essential oil and their secondary metabolites on cytokines production and inflammatory responses. The most important immunopharmacological mechanisms reported were the regulation of cytokine production, inhibition of reactive oxygen species accumulation, inactivation of eosinophil migration and remodeling of the airways and lung tissue, modulation of FOXP3 gene expression, regulation of inflammatory cells in the airways and decreasing inflammatory mediator expression levels. CONCLUSION Plant derived essential oils and related active compounds have potential therapeutic activity for the treatment of asthma by modulating the release of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8), Th17 (IL-17), anti-inflammatory (IL-10), Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13) cytokines and the suppression of inflammatory cell accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil.
| | | | - Govindasamy Hari Haran
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620005 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Valdete Kaliane da Silva Calisto
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, 620005 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Cuevas
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Narendra Narain
- Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analysis, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Aracaju, Sergipe 49.100-000, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rosana Cipolotti
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n, Cidade Nova, Aracaju, 49.100-000 Sergipe, Brazil.
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Younis NS. D-Limonene mitigate myocardial injury in rats through MAPK/ERK/NF-κB pathway inhibition. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:259-266. [PMID: 32392917 PMCID: PMC7193911 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.3.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the primary reason of mortality, among which myocardial infarction (MI) is the most dominant and prevalent. This study was considered to examine D-Limonene protective action against isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI. Wister male rats were dispersed into four groups. Normal and D-Limonene control group in which rats administered saline or D-Limonene. ISO control animals were administered saline for 21 days then challenged with ISO (85 mg/kg, subcutaneously) on 20th and 21st day for MI induction. D-Limonene pretreated group in which animals were pretreated with D-Limonene 50 mg/kg orally for 21 days then administered ISO on 20th and 21st day. MI prompted variations were assessed by myocardial infarction area determination, blood pressure (BP) alterations, cardiac injury biomarkers and inflammatory mediators measurements. For more depth investigation, both the apoptotic status was evaluated via measuring mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bax as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK-ERK) signal transduction were investigated via Western blotting. MI group revealed significant infarcted area, blood pressure alterations, myocardial injury enzymes intensification together with inflammatory cytokines amplification. MI was associated with activation of MAPK-ERK signal pathway and apoptotic status within the myocardium. On the other hand, pretreated with D-Limonene demonstrated deterred infracted area, reduced myocardial enzymes, improved BP indices, lessened inflammatory levels. Furthermore, D-Limonene pretreatment caused a decline in MAPK proteins pathway and Bax relative mRNA expression, while intensifying Bcl-2 mRNA expression promoting that D-Limonene may constrain MI induced myocardial apoptosis. D-Limonene mitigated MI injury through MAPK/NF-κB pathway inhibition and anti-apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Safwat Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Hasa 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Nguyen JK, Masub N, Jagdeo J. Bioactive ingredients in Korean cosmeceuticals: Trends and research evidence. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1555-1569. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie K. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Natasha Masub
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
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Yamada Y, Chensom S, Yonemoto H, Nakayama H, Zang L, Nishimura N, Mishima T, Shimada Y. Water Extract of Yamato Tachibana (Citrus tachibana) Induces Food Intake in Adult and Larval Zebrafish. J Med Food 2020; 23:65-71. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Yamada
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Sasicha Chensom
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hisataka Yonemoto
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakayama
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Liqing Zang
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Takashi Mishima
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Baron EP. Medicinal Properties of Cannabinoids, Terpenes, and Flavonoids in Cannabis, and Benefits in Migraine, Headache, and Pain: An Update on Current Evidence and Cannabis Science. Headache 2019; 58:1139-1186. [PMID: 30152161 DOI: 10.1111/head.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive literature reviews of historical perspectives and evidence supporting cannabis/cannabinoids in the treatment of pain, including migraine and headache, with associated neurobiological mechanisms of pain modulation have been well described. Most of the existing literature reports on the cannabinoids Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), or cannabis in general. There are many cannabis strains that vary widely in the composition of cannabinoids, terpenes, flavonoids, and other compounds. These components work synergistically to produce wide variations in benefits, side effects, and strain characteristics. Knowledge of the individual medicinal properties of the cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids is necessary to cross-breed strains to obtain optimal standardized synergistic compositions. This will enable targeting individual symptoms and/or diseases, including migraine, headache, and pain. OBJECTIVE Review the medical literature for the use of cannabis/cannabinoids in the treatment of migraine, headache, facial pain, and other chronic pain syndromes, and for supporting evidence of a potential role in combatting the opioid epidemic. Review the medical literature involving major and minor cannabinoids, primary and secondary terpenes, and flavonoids that underlie the synergistic entourage effects of cannabis. Summarize the individual medicinal benefits of these substances, including analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSION There is accumulating evidence for various therapeutic benefits of cannabis/cannabinoids, especially in the treatment of pain, which may also apply to the treatment of migraine and headache. There is also supporting evidence that cannabis may assist in opioid detoxification and weaning, thus making it a potential weapon in battling the opioid epidemic. Cannabis science is a rapidly evolving medical sector and industry with increasingly regulated production standards. Further research is anticipated to optimize breeding of strain-specific synergistic ratios of cannabinoids, terpenes, and other phytochemicals for predictable user effects, characteristics, and improved symptom and disease-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Baron
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurological Restoration - Headache and Chronic Pain Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Gharaibeh MH, Khalifeh MS, Zattout EM, Abu-Qatouseh LF. Potential antimicrobial effect of plant essential oils and virulence genes expression in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Vet World 2019; 13:669-675. [PMID: 32546910 PMCID: PMC7245711 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.669-675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of eight commercially available essential oil (EO) blends and characterize the effect on the expression of some virulence genes against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial effects of oils against MRSA was performed using the disk diffusion method and by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The EOs (A-F) were contained (β-pinene, carvacrol, carvone, dimethyl trisulfide, linalool, limonene, menthol, monoterpene hydrocarbons, and thymol) in different amounts. In addition, a real-time polymerase chain reaction was also used to determine the gene expression of the virulence genes (intercellular adhesion cluster [ica]-9, ica-15, and RNA III) against MRSA (ATCC 43300) after treatment with selected oils. RESULTS Among the eight EOs evaluated, EO (D), (E), and (A) showed, in general, the greatest antimicrobial activity against MRSA. EO at 1/3 MIC has effectively down-regulated ica-9 and ica-15 of MRSA by 17.83 and 4.94 folds, respectively. Meanwhile, EO (A) has effectively down-regulated RNAIII by 3.74 folds. Our results indicated that some of the EOs exhibit promising antimicrobial effects against MRSA isolates. Moreover, the results of the analyzed virulence genes related to the pathogenicity of MRSA were down-regulated at the sub-MIC concentrations of EOs, indicated that EOs could be successfully used to suppress the virulence factors and, consequently, decreased the pathogenicity of MRSA. CONCLUSION These encouraging results indicate that some of the EOs used in this study can be utilized as a natural antibiotic for the treatment of MRSA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Gharaibeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Mohammad S. Khalifeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Esam M. Zattout
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Luay F. Abu-Qatouseh
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
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Park JA, Oh JE, Cho MS. Development of yuja ( Citrus junos) beverage based on antioxidant properties and sensory attributes using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:1854-1863. [PMID: 30996421 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a new type of Citrus junos beverage (known as yuja in Korean and yuzu in Japanese) based on a traditional drink preparation method (Galsu). Processing conditions (yuja extract, sugar, and soybean milk) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to develop the beverage. The polynomial models developed by RSM were based on physicochemical characteristics and sensory attributes. Sugar, vitamin C, and total phenolic compound contents, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, sweet odor, yuja flavor, sweet taste, and pungent sensation were used as indices of positive product quality. Beany flavor, astringent taste, beany aftertaste, and astringent aftertaste, were used as indices of negative product quality. Sour odor and sour taste, which are the major characteristics of the traditional yuja beverage, were set in a range to optimize the numerical model. The predicted optimum formulation of yuja beverage (Galsu) as a final product was determined to be 28.4% yuja extract, 36.6% sugar, and 35.0% soybean milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ah Park
- 1Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Oh
- 2College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sook Cho
- 1Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea
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Progress in the discovery of naturally occurring anti-diabetic drugs and in the identification of their molecular targets. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:270-289. [PMID: 30840917 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease, severely affects patients' life and intensively increases risks of developing other diseases. It is estimated that 0.4 billion individuals worldwide are subjected to diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus. At present, although various synthetic drugs for diabetes such as Alogliptin and Rosiglitazone, etc. have been used to manage diabetes, some of them showed severe side effects. Given that the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, natural occurring drugs are beneficial alternatives for diabetes therapy with low adverse effects or toxicity. Recently, more and more plant-derived extracts or compounds were evaluated to have anti-diabetic activities. Their anti-diabetic mechanisms involve certain key targets like α-glucosidase, α-amylase, DPP-4, PPAR γ, PTP1B, and GLUT4, etc. Here, we summarize the newly found anti-diabetic (type 2 diabetes mellitus) natural compounds and extracts from 2011-2017, and give the identification of their molecular targets. This review could provide references for the research of natural agents curing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Identification and Extraction Optimization of Active Constituents in Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA Peel and Its Biological Evaluation. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040680. [PMID: 30769817 PMCID: PMC6412224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA possesses various biological effects. It has been used in oriental remedies for blood circulation and the common cold. Recently, biological effects of C. junos peel have been reported. However, optimization of the biological properties of C. junos peel preparations has yet to be reported on. We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantification of the active constituents in C. junos peel. Hot water and ethanolic extracts of C. junos peel were prepared and their chemical profiles and biological activities were evaluated. The 80% ethanolic extract demonstrated the greatest antioxidant activity and phenolic content, while the 100% ethanolic extract had the greatest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Elastase inhibition activity was superior in aqueous and 20% ethanolic extracts. The contents of two flavonoids were highest in the 100% ethanolic extract. We postulated that the antioxidant and anti-aging effects of C. junos peel extract could be attributed to phenolics such as flavonoids. Our results suggest that the flavonoid-rich extract of C. junos may be utilized for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disease and hyperuricemia while the water-soluble extract of C. junos could be used as a source for its anti-aging properties.
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Betim FCM, Oliveira CFD, Souza AMD, Szabo EM, Zanin SMW, Miguel OG, Miguel MD, Dias JDFG. Ocotea nutans (Nees) Mez (Lauraceae): chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and biological properties of essential oil. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000118284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Jeon HW, Na EY, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Lee JB. Citron Essential Oils Alleviate the Mediators Related to Rosacea Pathophysiology in Epidermal Keratinocytes. Ann Dermatol 2018; 30:653-661. [PMID: 33911504 PMCID: PMC7992447 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2018.30.6.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Citron is well known for an abundance of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory ingredients such as vitamin C, polyphenol compounds, flavonoids, and limonoids. Objective In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of citron essential oils on rosacea mediators in activated keratinocytes in vitro. Methods Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) were stimulated with 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) and interleukin 33 (IL-33) with LL-37 to induce rosacea mediators such as kallikrein 5 (KLK5), cathelicidin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). These mediators were analyzed by performing reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative real-time PCR, immunocytofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after NHEKs were treated with citron seed and unripe citron essential oils. Results The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of KLK5 and LL-37 induced by VD3 were suppressed by citron seed and unripe citron essential oils. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of VEGF and TRPV1 induced by IL-33 with LL-37 were also suppressed by citron essential oils. Conclusion These results show that citron essential oils have suppressive effects on rosacea mediators in activated epidermal keratinocytes, which indicates that the citron essential oils may be valuable adjuvant therapeutic agents for rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Woo Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eui Young Na
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sook Jung Yun
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jee-Bum Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Corneal targeted Sertaconazole nitrate loaded cubosomes: Preparation, statistical optimization, in vitro characterization, ex vivo permeation and in vivo studies. Int J Pharm 2018; 553:386-397. [PMID: 30393167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sertaconazole nitrate (STZ) is a poorly soluble antifungal drug commonly used for treating fungal skin infections. Introducing it as a new treatment option for the management of fungal keratitis, requires the development of a delivery system capable of targeting the infected cornea with an adequate STZ concentration. Hence, Sertaconazole nitrate loaded cubosomes (STZ-CUBs) were prepared, characterized and optimized based on a 33 central composite face-centred design. Optimized formulation (CUB-opt) showed maximum desirability (0.905), with solubilization efficiency (SE%) of 94.50 ± 0.51%, particle size (PS) of 216.55 ± 2.33 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.229 ± 0.11 and zeta potential (ZP) of 34.00 ± 6.93 mV. Under the transmission electron microscope, it showed discrete cubic shaped structures. Moreover, it exhibited a promising mucoadhesive behavior, terminal sterilization stability, and storage stability. Ex vivo corneal permeation study revealed its ability to enhance the steady state flux (Jss) and the permeability coefficient (KP) of STZ, compared to STZ-suspension. Finally, CUB-opt formulation was found to be safe on the corneal tissues in the in vivo corneal tolerance study, and demonstrated a superior corneal penetration power in the in vivo corneal uptake study.
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Dosoky NS, Setzer WN. Biological Activities and Safety of Citrus spp. Essential Oils. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1966. [PMID: 29976894 PMCID: PMC6073409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus fruits have been a commercially important crop for thousands of years. In addition, Citrus essential oils are valuable in the perfume, food, and beverage industries, and have also enjoyed use as aromatherapy and medicinal agents. This review summarizes the important biological activities and safety considerations of the essential oils of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium), neroli (Citrus aurantium), orange petitgrain (Citrus aurantium), mandarin (Citrus reticulata), lemon (Citrus limon), lime (Citrus aurantifolia), grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi), bergamot (Citrus bergamia), Yuzu (Citrus junos), and kumquat (Citrus japonica).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura S Dosoky
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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Hydroxyl Group and Vasorelaxant Effects of Perillyl Alcohol, Carveol, Limonene on Aorta Smooth Muscle of Rats. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061430. [PMID: 29899230 PMCID: PMC6099955 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study used isometric tension recording to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of limonene (LM), carveol (CV), and perillyl alcohol (POH) on contractility parameters of the rat aorta, focusing in particular on the structure-activity relationship. LM, CV, and POH showed a reversible inhibitory effect on the contraction induced by electromechanical and pharmacomechanical coupling. In the case of LM, but not CV and POH, this effect was influenced by preservation of the endothelium. POH and CV but not LM exhibited greater pharmacological potency on BayK-8644-induced contraction and on electromechanical coupling than on pharmacomechanical coupling. In endothelium-denuded preparations, the order of pharmacological potency on electrochemical coupling was LM < CV < POH. These compounds inhibited also, with grossly similar pharmacological potency, the contraction induced by phorbol ester dibutyrate. The present results suggest that LM, CV and POH induced relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscle by means of different mechanisms likely to include inhibition of PKC and IP3 pathway. For CV and POH, hydroxylated compounds, it was in electromechanical coupling that the greater pharmacological potency was observed, thus suggesting a relative specificity for a mechanism likely to be important in electromechanical coupling, for example, blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channel.
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