1
|
Grossich R, Lemos Vilches M, Costa CS, Pezzoni M. Role of Pel and Psl polysaccharides in the response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to environmental challenges: oxidative stress agents (UVA, H 2O 2, sodium hypochlorite) and its competitor Staphylococcus aureus. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169. [PMID: 36757866 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile bacterium capable of adapting to a wide range of stress factors, including solar UVA radiation (400-315 nm). High UVA doses produce lethal effects due to the action of reactive oxygen species. Sublethal UVA doses also induces oxidative damage, but, in addition, it triggers a variety of adaptive responses, including the overexpression of pelA and pslA genes in P. aeruginosa. These genes encode the synthesis of Pel and Psl, which are essential polysaccharides in biofilm formation. The present study analysed the role of Pel and Psl in the adaptive responses generated by exposure to low UVA doses, and their importance in the response to lethal doses of UVA, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and sodium hypochlorite, in both planktonic cells and submerged and air-liquid interface (ALI) biofilms. It also studied the roles of Pel and Psl in P. aeruginosa-Staphylococcus aureus interaction. The results demonstrate that the capacity of sublethal UVA exposure to increase cell hydrophobicity and cell attachment and generate cross-protection phenomena in P. aeruginosa depends on the presence of Pel and Psl. The study also shows that Pel and Psl have a key role in the tolerance to lethal doses of UVA radiation, sodium hypochlorite and H2O2, in both biofilms and planktonic cells. Finally, co-culture assays showed total inhibition of S. aureus growth in presence of P. aeruginosa. This phenomenon depends, at least in part, on the simultaneous presence of Pel and Psl in planktonic cells and biofilms, suggesting a relevant role of these polysaccharides in the interaction between these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Grossich
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Lemos Vilches
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Costa
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Pezzoni
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comision Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Chen J, Sun Y, He J, Zhou C, Xia Q, Dang Y, Pan D, Du L. Ultraviolet-radiation technology for preservation of meat and meat products: Recent advances and future trends. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
3
|
UVA as environmental signal for alginate production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: role of this polysaccharide in the protection of planktonic cells and biofilms against lethal UVA doses. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1459-1472. [PMID: 35551642 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an extremely versatile microorganism that survives in a wide variety of niches. It is capable to respond rapidly to changes in the environment by producing secondary metabolites and virulence factors, including alginate. Alginate is an extracellular polysaccharide that protects the bacteria from antibiotics and oxidative agents, and enhances cell adhesion to solid surfaces in the process of biofilm formation. In the present study, we analyzed the role of alginate in the response of P. aeruginosa to lethal doses of ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiation, the major fraction of solar UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface. We also studied the role of alginate in the context of the adaptive responses generated when P. aeruginosa is exposed to sublethal doses of UVA radiation. The survival studies demonstrated that alginate has a key role in the resistance of P. aeruginosa to the oxidative stress generated by lethal UVA doses, both in planktonic cells and in static biofilms. In addition, the presence of alginate proved to be essential in the occurrence of adaptive responses such as induction of biofilm formation and cross-protection against hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, both generated by exposure to low UVA doses. Finally, we demonstrated that the increase of biofilm formation is accompanied by an increase in alginate concentration in the biofilm matrix, possibly through the ppGpp-dependent induction of genes related to alginate regulation (algR and algU) and biosynthesis (algD operon). Given the importance of alginate in biofilm formation and its protective roles, better understanding of the mechanisms associated to its functions and synthesis is relevant, given the normal exposure of P. aeruginosa to UVA radiation and other types of oxidative stresses.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pezzoni M, De Troch M, Pizarro RA, Costa CS. Homeophasic Adaptation in Response to UVA Radiation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Changes of Membrane Fatty Acid Composition and Induction of desA and desB Expression. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:886-893. [PMID: 34695237 DOI: 10.1111/php.13548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In bacteria, exposure to changes in environmental conditions can alter membrane fluidity, thereby affecting its essential functions in cell physiology. To adapt to these changes, bacteria maintain appropriate fluidity by varying the composition of the fatty acids of membrane phospholipids, a phenomenon known as homeophasic adaptation. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, this response is achieved mainly by two mechanisms of fatty acid desaturation: the FabA-FabB and DesA-DesB systems. This study analyzed the effect of ultraviolet-A (UVA) radiation-the major fraction of solar UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface-on the homeophasic process. The prototypical strain PAO1 was grown under sublethal UVA doses or in the dark, and the profiles of membrane fatty acids were compared at early logarithmic, logarithmic and stationary growth phases. In the logarithmic growth phase, it was observed that growth under sublethal UVA doses induced the expression of the desaturase-encoding genes desA and desB and increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids; in addition, membrane fluidity could also increase, as suggested by the indices used as indicators of this parameter. The opposite effect was observed in the stationary growth phase. These results demonstrate the relevant role of UVA on the homeophasic response at transcriptional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pezzoni
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martin, Argentina
| | | | - Ramón A Pizarro
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martin, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Costa
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, San Martin, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cal-Sabater P, Caro I, Castro MJ, Cao MJ, Mateo J, Quinto EJ. Flow Cytometry to Assess the Counts and Physiological State of Cronobacter sakazakii Cells after Heat Exposure. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120688. [PMID: 31888256 PMCID: PMC6963341 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that is associated with outbreaks of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, septicaemia, and meningitis. Reconstituted powdered infant formulae is the most common vehicle of infection. The aim of the present study is to gain insight into the physiological states of C. sakazakii cells using flow cytometry to detect the compromised cells, which are viable but non-culturable using plate-based methods, and to evaluate the impact of milk heat treatments on those populations. Dead-cell suspensions as well as heat-treated and non-heat-treated cell suspensions were used. After 60 or 65 °C treatments, the number of compromised cells increased as a result of cells with compromised membranes shifting from the heat-treated suspension. These temperatures were not effective at killing all bacteria but were effective at compromising their membranes. Thus, mild heat treatments are not enough to guarantee the safety of powered infant formulae. Flow cytometry was capable of detecting C. sakazakii’s compromised cells that cannot be detected with classical plate count methods; thus, it could be used as a screening test to decrease the risk derived from the presence of pathogenic viable but non-culturable cells in this food that is intended for newborns’ nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Cal-Sabater
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (I.C.)
- Department of Nursery, Faculty of Nursery, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (M.J.C.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Irma Caro
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (I.C.)
| | - María J. Castro
- Department of Nursery, Faculty of Nursery, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (M.J.C.); (M.J.C.)
| | - María J. Cao
- Department of Nursery, Faculty of Nursery, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (M.J.C.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Javier Mateo
- Department of Hygiene and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Emiliano J. Quinto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (P.C.-S.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tribelli PM, Pezzoni M, Brito MG, Montesinos NV, Costa CS, López NI. Response to lethal UVA radiation in the Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas extremaustralis: polyhydroxybutyrate and cold adaptation as protective factors. Extremophiles 2019; 24:265-275. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
7
|
Amar A, Pezzoni M, Pizarro RA, Costa CS. New envelope stress factors involved in σ E activation and conditional lethality of rpoE mutations in Salmonella enterica. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2018; 164:1293-1307. [PMID: 30084765 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) can cause food- and water-borne illness with diverse clinical manifestations. One key factor for S. typhimurium pathogenesis is the alternative sigma factor σE, which is encoded by the rpoE gene and controls the transcription of genes required for outer-membrane integrity in response to alterations in the bacterial envelope. The canonical pathway for σE activation involves proteolysis of the antisigma factor RseA, which is triggered by unfolded outer-membrane porins (OMPs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that have accumulated in the periplasm. This study reports new stress factors that are able to activate σE expression. We demonstrate that UVA radiation induces σE activity in a pathway that is dependent on the stringent response regulator ppGpp. Survival assays revealed that rpoE has a role in the defence against lethal UVA doses that is mediated by functions that are dependent on and independent of the alternative sigma factor RpoS. We also report that the envelope stress generated by phage infection requires a functional rpoE gene for optimal bacterial tolerance and that it is able to induce σE activity in an RseA-dependent fashion. σE activity is also induced by hypo-osmotic shock in the absence of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs). It is known that the rpoE gene is not essential in S. typhimurium. However, we report here two cases of the conditional lethality of rpoE mutations in this micro-organism. We demonstrate that rpoE mutations are not tolerated in the absence of OPGs (at low to moderate osmolarity) or LPS O-antigen. The latter case resembles that of the prototypic Escherichia coli strain K12, which neither synthesizes a complete LPS nor tolerates null rpoE mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Amar
- Dpto. de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Pezzoni
- Dpto. de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| | - Ramón A Pizarro
- Dpto. de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Costa
- Dpto. de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Misra AJ, Das S, Habeeb Rahman AP, Das B, Jayabalan R, Behera SK, Suar M, Tamhankar AJ, Mishra A, Lundborg CS, Tripathy SK. Doped ZnO nanoparticles impregnated on Kaolinite (Clay): A reusable nanocomposite for photocatalytic disinfection of multidrug resistant Enterobacter sp. under visible light. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 530:610-623. [PMID: 30005238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Water contamination by multidrug resistant (MDR) enteric bacteria can be considered as the foremost cause of gastrointestinal infections and poses a threat to global public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to pursue unorthodox techniques with potential of community scale applications for purging of water borne pathogenic bacteria. We communicate visible-light assisted photocatalytic disinfection (PCD) of an enteric MDR bacterium; Enterobacter sp. using Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles impregnated on Kaolinite (Clay) (ZnO/K). ZnO/K was synthesized by co-precipitation technique and was found to be more effective than Fe-doped ZnO (ZnO) and Kaolinite for PCD process. Analysis from fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy (FESEM) proposed complete bacterial cell death via PCD due to damage of bacterial cell membrane. Experimental evidences indicated that O2- could be acting as the most significant component in disinfection of MDR Enterobacter sp. in visible-light assisted PCD process in presence of ZnO/K. Considering the experimental data of Resazurin assay, it is proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during PCD might have impeded the oxido-reductase enzyme system of the bacteria and hence trammeling its metabolic activity. Crystal structure and particle size of ZnO/K was found to be unaltered during the photocatalytic process indicating its potential for reusability. When ZnO/K was exposed to HCT-116 Human Colorectal Carcinoma cell lines, about 79% cell survivability was noticed. The synthesized material was successful in completely disinfecting the target microorganism in Zebra Fish model, without producing any adverse effects on the Fish itself, further reinforcing its biocompatibility factor. High effectiveness of PCD process using ZnO/K under visible light in disinfecting enteric MDR bacteria, might have promising outcome as an alternative water disinfection technology to prevent the spread of infectious and resistant bacteria without producing any adverse effect on non-specific flora and fauna.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananyo Jyoti Misra
- School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sourav Das
- School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - A P Habeeb Rahman
- School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Bhaskar Das
- Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - R Jayabalan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | | | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ashok J Tamhankar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amrita Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Suraj K Tripathy
- School of Chemical Technology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pezzoni M, Pizarro RA, Costa CS. Exposure to low doses of UVA increases biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BIOFOULING 2018; 34:673-684. [PMID: 30185068 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2018.1480758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of bacterial biofilms on abiotic surfaces is a complex process regulated by multiple genetic regulators and environmental factors which are able to modulate the passage of planktonic cells to a sessile state. Solar ultraviolet-A radiation (UVA, 315-400) is one of the main environmental stress factors that bacteria must face at the Earth´s surface. The deleterious effects of UVA are mainly due to oxidative damage. This paper reports that exposure to low UVA doses promotes biofilm formation in three prototypical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a relevant opportunistic human pathogen. It demonstrates that exposure of planktonic cells to sublethal doses of UVA can increase cell surface hydrophobicity and swimming motility, two parameters known to favor cell adhesion. These results suggest that UVA radiation acts, at least in part, by promoting the first stages of biofilm development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pezzoni
- a Dpto. de Radiobiología , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica , General San Martín , Argentina
| | - Ramón A Pizarro
- a Dpto. de Radiobiología , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica , General San Martín , Argentina
| | - Cristina S Costa
- a Dpto. de Radiobiología , Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica , General San Martín , Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lethal effect of blue light on strawberry leaf beetle, Galerucella grisescens (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Sci Rep 2017; 7:2694. [PMID: 28578425 PMCID: PMC5457428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that blue-light irradiation kills insects such as fruit flies, mosquitos, and flour beetles. However, the lethal effects of blue light on coleopteran field crop pests have not been investigated. Chrysomelidae, a major family in phytophagous beetles, includes many species of crop pests. We investigated the lethal effect of blue light on chrysomelid beetles by examining the mortality of the strawberry leaf beetle Galerucella grisescens irradiated with different wavelengths of blue light during the non-mobile egg or pupal stage by using light-emitting diodes. Fifty to seventy percent of beetles irradiated with 407, 417, 438, or 465-nm lights at 15 × 1018 photons·m−2·s−1 during the egg stage died before hatching; ca. 90% of hatchlings irradiated with 438-nm light during the egg stage died before eclosion; and 35–55% of beetles irradiated with 407, 417, 454, and 465-nm lights at the same intensity during the pupal stage died before eclosion. Field crop pests are considered to have high tolerance to blue light because they are usually exposed to sunlight in their natural habitats. However, this study suggests that blue light can kill some field crop as well as household insect pests.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cai JY, Wang YY, Ma K, Hou YN, Li J, Yao GD, Liu WW, Otkur W, Hayashi T, Itoh K, Tashiro SI, Ikejima T. Silibinin protects Staphylococcus aureus from UVC-induced bactericide via enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03981f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
ROS produced by silibinin suppresses UVC-inducedStaphylococcus aureuscell death.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pezzoni M, Tribelli PM, Pizarro RA, López NI, Costa CS. Exposure to low UVA doses increases KatA and KatB catalase activities, and confers cross-protection against subsequent oxidative injuries in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology (Reading) 2016; 162:855-864. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pezzoni
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| | - Paula M. Tribelli
- IQUIBICEN-CONICET-Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Ramón A. Pizarro
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| | - Nancy I. López
- IQUIBICEN-CONICET-Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Cristina S. Costa
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, General San Martín, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Belenky P, Ye JD, Porter CBM, Cohen NR, Lobritz MA, Ferrante T, Jain S, Korry BJ, Schwarz EG, Walker GC, Collins JJ. Bactericidal Antibiotics Induce Toxic Metabolic Perturbations that Lead to Cellular Damage. Cell Rep 2015; 13:968-80. [PMID: 26565910 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how antibiotics impact bacterial metabolism may provide insight into their mechanisms of action and could lead to enhanced therapeutic methodologies. Here, we profiled the metabolome of Escherichia coli after treatment with three different classes of bactericidal antibiotics (?-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones). These treatments induced a similar set of metabolic changes after 30 min that then diverged into more distinct profiles at later time points. The most striking changes corresponded to elevated concentrations of central carbon metabolites, active breakdown of the nucleotide pool, reduced lipid levels, and evidence of an elevated redox state. We examined potential end-target consequences of these metabolic perturbations and found that antibiotic-treated cells exhibited cytotoxic changes indicative of oxidative stress, including higher levels of protein carbonylation, malondialdehyde adducts, nucleotide oxidation, and double-strand DNA breaks. This work shows that bactericidal antibiotics induce a complex set of metabolic changes that are correlated with the buildup of toxic metabolic by-products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Belenky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center of Synthetic Biology, Boston University, 36 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 171 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Jonathan D Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center of Synthetic Biology, Boston University, 36 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Caroline B M Porter
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nadia R Cohen
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael A Lobritz
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Ferrante
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Saloni Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center of Synthetic Biology, Boston University, 36 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Benjamin J Korry
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, 171 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Eric G Schwarz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center of Synthetic Biology, Boston University, 36 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Graham C Walker
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - James J Collins
- Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pezzoni M, Meichtry M, Pizarro RA, Costa CS. Role of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) in sensitising Pseudomonas aeruginosa to UVA radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 142:129-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Hori M, Shibuya K, Sato M, Saito Y. Lethal effects of short-wavelength visible light on insects. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7383. [PMID: 25488603 PMCID: PMC4260232 DOI: 10.1038/srep07383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the lethal effects of visible light on insects by using light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The toxic effects of ultraviolet (UV) light, particularly shortwave (i.e., UVB and UVC) light, on organisms are well known. However, the effects of irradiation with visible light remain unclear, although shorter wavelengths are known to be more lethal. Irradiation with visible light is not thought to cause mortality in complex animals including insects. Here, however, we found that irradiation with short-wavelength visible (blue) light killed eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of Drosophila melanogaster. Blue light was also lethal to mosquitoes and flour beetles, but the effective wavelength at which mortality occurred differed among the insect species. Our findings suggest that highly toxic wavelengths of visible light are species-specific in insects, and that shorter wavelengths are not always more toxic. For some animals, such as insects, blue light is more harmful than UV light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Hori
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shibuya
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Mitsunari Sato
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshino Saito
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Protective role of extracellular catalase (KatA) against UVA radiation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 131:53-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
17
|
Shirai A, Aihara M, Takahashi A, Maseda H, Omasa T. Synergistic antimicrobial activity based on the combined use of a gemini-quaternary ammonium compound and ultraviolet-A light. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 130:226-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
18
|
Santos AL, Moreirinha C, Lopes D, Esteves AC, Henriques I, Almeida A, Domingues MRM, Delgadillo I, Correia A, Cunha A. Effects of UV radiation on the lipids and proteins of bacteria studied by mid-infrared spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:6306-6315. [PMID: 23692317 DOI: 10.1021/es400660g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular effects of UV radiation (UVR) on bacteria can contribute to a better understanding of the environmental consequences of enhanced UV levels associated with global climate changes and will help to optimize UV-based disinfection strategies. In the present work, the effects of exposure to UVR in different spectral regions (UVC, 100-280 nm; UVB, 280-320 nm; and UVA, 320-400 nm) on the lipids and proteins of two bacterial strains ( Acinetobacter sp. strain PT5I1.2G and Pseudomonas sp. strain NT5I1.2B) with distinct UV sensitivities were studied by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Exposure to UVR caused an increase in methyl groups associated with lipids, lipid oxidation, and also led to alterations in lipid composition, which were confirmed by gas chromatography. Additionally, mid-infrared spectroscopy revealed the effects of UVR on protein conformation and protein composition, which were confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), oxidative damage to amino acids, and changes in the propionylation, glycosylation and/or phosphorylation status of cell proteins. Differences in the targets of UVR in the two strains tested were identified and may explain their discrepant UV sensitivities. The significance of the results is discussed from an ecological standpoint and with respect to potential improvements in UV-based disinfection technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Protective effect of low UVA irradiation against the action of lethal UVA on Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Role of the relA gene. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 116:95-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Santos AL, Oliveira V, Baptista I, Henriques I, Gomes NCM, Almeida A, Correia A, Cunha Â. Wavelength dependence of biological damage induced by UV radiation on bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2012; 195:63-74. [PMID: 23090570 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-012-0847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The biological effects of UV radiation of different wavelengths (UVA, UVB and UVC) were assessed in nine bacterial isolates displaying different UV sensitivities. Biological effects (survival and activity) and molecular markers of oxidative stress [DNA strand breakage (DSB), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase] were quantified and statistically analyzed in order to identify the major determinants of cell inactivation under the different spectral regions. Survival and activity followed a clear wavelength dependence, being highest under UVA and lowest under UVC. The generation of ROS, as well as protein and lipid oxidation, followed the same pattern. DNA damage (DSB) showed the inverse trend. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that survival under UVA, UVB and UVC wavelengths was best explained by DSB, oxidative damage to lipids, and intracellular ROS levels, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Costa CS, Pezzoni M, Fernández RO, Pizarro RA. Role of the Quorum Sensing Mechanism in the Response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Lethal and Sublethal UVA Irradiation. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:1334-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00800.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Bosshard F, Bucheli M, Meur Y, Egli T. The respiratory chain is the cell's Achilles' heel during UVA inactivation in Escherichia coli. Microbiology (Reading) 2010; 156:2006-2015. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.038471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar disinfection (SODIS) is used as an effective and inexpensive tool to improve the microbiological quality of drinking water in developing countries where no other means are available. Solar UVA light is the agent that inactivates bacteria during the treatment. Damage to bacterial membranes plays a crucial role in the inactivation process. This study showed that even slightly irradiated cells (after less than 1 h of simulated sunlight) were strongly affected in their ability to maintain essential parts of their energy metabolism, in particular of the respiratory chain (activities of NADH oxidase, succinate oxidase and lactate oxidase were measured). The cells' potential to generate ATP was also strongly inhibited. Many essential enzymes of carbon metabolism (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase) and defence against oxidative stress (catalases and glutathione-disulfide reductase) were reduced in their activity during SODIS. The work suggests that damage to membrane enzymes is a likely cause of membrane dysfunction (loss of membrane potential and increased membrane permeability) during UVA irradiation. In this study, the first targets on the way to cell death were found to be the respiratory chain and F1F0 ATPase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Bosshard
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, PO Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Margarete Bucheli
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, PO Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yves Meur
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, PO Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Egli
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, PO Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Park HY, Rho HS, Kim DH, Kim HK, He QQ, Yeon JH. Modified Rancimat Method for Evaluation of Antioxidative Effect against Skin Lipids. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.6.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
24
|
Shibamoto T. The Role of Lipid Peroxidation Caused by Ultraviolet Light in Skin Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/15569529409062919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
25
|
Niyati-Shirkhodaee F, Shibamoto T. IN VITRODetermination of Toxic Aldehydes Formed from the Skin Lipid, Triolein, upon Ultraviolet Irradiation: Formaldehyde and Acrolein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/15569529209042722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
26
|
CLEMENT-LACROIX P, MICHEL L, MOYSAN A, MORLIERE P, DUBERTRET L. UVA-induced immune suppression in human skin: protective effect of vitamin E in human epidermal cellsin vitro. Br J Dermatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-732.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
27
|
Hamamoto A, Mori M, Takahashi A, Nakano M, Wakikawa N, Akutagawa M, Ikehara T, Nakaya Y, Kinouchi Y. New water disinfection system using UVA light-emitting diodes. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 103:2291-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03464.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
28
|
Berney M, Hammes F, Bosshard F, Weilenmann HU, Egli T. Assessment and interpretation of bacterial viability by using the LIVE/DEAD BacLight Kit in combination with flow cytometry. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:3283-90. [PMID: 17384309 PMCID: PMC1907116 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02750-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 583] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The commercially available LIVE/DEAD BacLight kit is enjoying increased popularity among researchers in various fields of microbiology. Its use in combination with flow cytometry brought up new questions about how to interpret LIVE/DEAD staining results. Intermediate states, normally difficult to detect with epifluorescence microscopy, are a common phenomenon when the assay is used in flow cytometry and still lack rationale. It is shown here that the application of propidium iodide in combination with a green fluorescent total nucleic acid stain on UVA-irradiated cells of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, and a community of freshwater bacteria resulted in a clear and distinctive flow cytometric staining pattern. In the gram-negative bacterium E. coli as well as in the two enteric pathogens, the pattern can be related to the presence of intermediate cellular states characterized by the degree of damage afflicted specifically on the bacterial outer membrane. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that EDTA-treated nonirradiated cells exhibit the same staining properties. On the contrary, this pattern was not observed in gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, which lacks an outer membrane. Our observations add a new aspect to the LIVE/DEAD stain, which so far was believed to be dependent only on cytoplasmic membrane permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Berney
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, EAWAG, P.O. Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Shi M, Xu B, Azakami K, Morikawa T, Watanabe K, Morimoto K, Komatsu M, Aoyama K, Takeuchi T. Dual role of vitamin C in an oxygen-sensitive system: discrepancy between DNA damage and cell death. Free Radic Res 2005; 39:213-20. [PMID: 15763969 DOI: 10.1080/10715760400022129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although vitamin C is considered to act both as pro-oxidant and antioxidant, the mechanisms underlying these actions are still unclear. Using the oxygen-sensitive system of a strict anaerobe, Prevotella melaninogenica, we investigated both the pro-oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms of vitamin C. In the presence of vitamin C, the 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG) formation induced by oxygen exposure was enhanced, probably due to the action of vitamin C on hydrogen peroxide generated during oxygen exposure: while catalase almost completely suppressed the enhancing effect of vitamin C, 8OHdG formation induced by hydrogen peroxide was enhanced by vitamin C. By contrast, the presence of vitamin C inhibited bacterial cell death, membrane damage, and lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen exposure. Sodium azide showed similar effects to vitamin C, thus the antioxidant action of vitamin C may be due to its quenching of the singlet oxygen generated in this system. Both the pro-oxidant and antioxidant effects of vitamin C were observed only in acidic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Shi
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Dube A, Jayasankar K, Prabakaran L, Kumar V, Gupta PK. Nitrogen laser irradiation (337 nm) causes temporary inactivation of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lasers Med Sci 2004; 19:52-6. [PMID: 15278725 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-004-0304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2003] [Accepted: 05/20/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of nitrogen laser irradiation (337 nm) on viability of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bacteria were exposed to a nitrogen laser (average power 2.0 mW) in vitro at power density of 70 +/- 0.7 W/m2 for 0-30 min, and the cell viability was determined by luciferase reporter phage (LRP) assay. Immediately after laser exposure, all the clinical isolates investigated showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. However, when the laser-exposed isolates were incubated in broth medium for 3 days, most of these showed significant recovery from laser-induced damage. Addition of 5.0 microg/ml acriflavine (a DNA repair inhibitor) in the incubation medium had no significant effect on recovery. This suggests that DNA damage may not be involved in the cell inactivation. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies using 5-doxyl strearic acid (5-DS) as a probe suggest alterations in lipid regions of the cell wall. Implications of these results for understanding therapeutic effect of nitrogen laser on drug-resistant tuberculosis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Dube
- Biomedical Applications Section, Laser R and D, Block D, Centre for Advanced Technology, 452013, Indore, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cavalcante AKD, Martinez GR, Di Mascio P, Menck CFM, Agnez-Lima LF. Cytotoxicity and mutagenesis induced by singlet oxygen in wild type and DNA repair deficient Escherichia coli strains. DNA Repair (Amst) 2002; 1:1051-6. [PMID: 12531014 DOI: 10.1016/s1568-7864(02)00164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) is a product of several biological processes and can be generated in photodynamic therapy, through a photosensitization type II mechanism. (1)O(2) is able to interact with lipids, proteins and DNA, leading to cell killing and mutagenesis, and can be directly involved with degenerative processes such as cancer and aging. In this work, we analyzed the cytotoxicity and mutagenesis induced after direct treatment of wild type and the DNA repair fpg and/or mutY deficient Escherichia coli strains with disodium 3,3'-(1,4-naphthylidene) diproprionate endoperoxide (NDPO(2)), which releases (1)O(2) by thermodissociation. The treatment induced cell killing and mutagenesis in all strains, but the mutY strain showed to be more sensitive. These results indicate that even (1)O(2) generated outside bacterial cells may lead to DNA damage that could be repaired by pathways that employ MutY protein. As (1)O(2) is highly reactive, its interaction with cell membranes may generate secondary products that could react with DNA, leading to mutagenic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Dias Cavalcante
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal CEP 59072970, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Giblin FJ, Leverenz VR, Padgaonkar VA, Unakar NJ, Dang L, Lin LR, Lou MF, Reddy VN, Borchman D, Dillon JP. UVA Light In vivo Reaches the Nucleus of the Guinea Pig Lens and Produces Deleterious, Oxidative Effects. Exp Eye Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1006/exer.2002.2039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Oppezzo OJ, Pizarro RA. Sublethal effects of ultraviolet A radiation on Enterobacter cloacae. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2001; 62:158-65. [PMID: 11566280 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the sublethal effects of ultraviolet A (UVA) on Enterobacter cloacae in comparison with those produced in Escherichia coli. UVA-induced sublethal effects were investigated in either bacterial membrane and at tRNA level. Limited dependence on oxygen concentration for photoinduced inhibition of biochemical membrane functions and low levels of oxidative damage during the irradiation period were found in En. cloacae. On the other hand, ultraviolet spectroscopy and reversed-phase HPLC analysis of hydrolysed tRNA showed that radio induced damage to tRNA is similar in En. cloacae and E. coli. Nevertheless, growth delay induced by UVA in En. cloacae was shorter than that found in E. coli submitted to the same experimental conditions. A limited post-irradiation ppGpp accumulation and the absence of any influence of the membrane damage on the growth delay extent seem to be responsible for the shortness of this effect in En. cloacae. Most of the differences between En. cloacae and E. coli could be attributed to an increased ability of En. cloacae to overcome oxidative stress during UVA exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O J Oppezzo
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Av. General Paz 1499, 1650, General San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
An L, Feng H, Tang X, Wang X. Changes of microsomal membrane properties in spring wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2000; 57:60-5. [PMID: 11100838 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(00)00077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The properties of microsomal membranes in spring wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Ganlong No. 92-005) exposed to (0) control, 8.64 (T1) and 11.2 kJ m(-2) day(-1) (T2) biologically effective UV-B irradiation (UV-B(BE)) were studied under greenhouse conditions. These irradiance levels correspond to a decrease in the stratospheric ozone of approximately 12.5 and 20%, respectively, for a clear solstice day at Lanzhou (36.04 degrees N, 1550 m), China. Compared with controls, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased by 70.8% in T1 and 83.8% in T2 on the 7th day of the radiation, and the IUFA (index of unsaturated fatty acids) decreased, indicating peroxidation of lipid acids. Simultaneously, a drastic decrease of phospholipid content after 21 days and an increase of membrane lipid microviscosity on UV-B irradiation were also found, suggesting a reduction in the fluidity of membrane lipids. Ethylene emission by the microsomal membrane, in the presence of exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid was higher in the wheat seedlings after 7, 14 and 21 days' irradiation than in the controls. These changes were correlated with a rise in lipoxygenase activity. Membrane-bound enzymes (Ca2+ -ATPase and Mg2+ -ATPase) were promoted by UV radiation in the first 7 days and significantly decreased after 14 and 21 days' treatment in comparison to control. Our results suggest that UV-B radiation may cause changes in structural complexity and function of microsomal membranes in spring wheat leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L An
- School of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Arid Agrioecology, Lanzhou University, PR China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bar-Natan R, Lomnitski L, Sofer Y, Segman S, Neeman I, Grossman S. Interaction between beta-carotene and lipoxygenase in human skin. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1996; 28:935-41. [PMID: 8811842 DOI: 10.1016/1357-2725(96)00016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
beta-Carotene is widely used in skin care therapy. Its effects on skin are unclear, but actions on lipid peroxidation pathways may be an important element of any protection activities it exerts. This study examines the possible effects of Beta-carotene on enzymatic lipid peroxidation by lipoxygenase in human skin, using in vitro and ex vivo models. The effect of Beta-carotene on lipid peroxidation in human skin were studied in skin homogenates and in a semi-in vivo model of skin penetration, using [1-14C]-arachidonic acid or [1-14C]-linoleic acid as substrate. When relatively low concentrations (about 0.3 microM) of beta-carotene were added to epidermal homogenates, the major metabolites of arachidonic acid (12-hydroxy-cis-5,8,14, trans-10-eicosatetraenoic acid and 15-hydroxy-cis-5,8,11, trans-13-eicosatetraenoic acid) and of linoleic acid (13-hydroxy-cis-9, trans-11-octadeca dienoic acid and 9-hydroxy-trans-10, cis-12-octadeca dienoic acid) were significantly decreased. Following [1-14C]-linoleic acid penetration through the semi in vivo model layers, the skin surface was the main site in which the major linoleate product, 13-hydroxy-cis-9, trans-11-octadeca dienoic acid was detected. Furthermore, its level was inhibited by up to 80%, compared with the control, when beta-carotene was added to the system. The data presented in this study suggest possible interactions between beta-carotene and human epidermal lipoxygenase. Beta-carotene may effect lipid peroxidation in human skin, either as a free radical scavenger or as a specific lipoxygenase inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bar-Natan
- Department of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fernández RO, Pizarro RA. Lethal effect induced in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exposed to Ultraviolet-A radiation. Photochem Photobiol 1996; 64:334-9. [PMID: 8760573 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-A (365 nm, 120 kJ/m2/h) exposure caused cell death in Pseudomonas aeruginosa at doses at which Escherichia coli cell viability was not affected. We have not found that UVA induced growth delay or any other sublethal effect. Irradiated suspensions of P. aeruginosa showed a marked reduction in membrane-bound succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Succinate-driven respiration and several nutrient transport systems were also inhibited. Whereas SDH and LDH activities were independent of the irradiation conditions, cell viability, respiration and transport systems were protected when irradiation was performed in an N2 atmosphere. A similar protective effect was observed when cells were grown in media containing glycerol or when preirradiation bacterial growth was carried out at 30 degrees C (instead of 37 degrees C). Results suggest that UVA induces a differential damaging effect on several biochemical functions of P. aeruginosa. The UVA- induced photodamage may fall into two categories: indirect damage mediated by oxygen (cell killing and inhibition of respiration and transport systems) and direct damage to SDH and LDH (apparently not oxygen dependent). These enzymes and leucine transport appear not to be involved in the lethal effect described herein because they were altered despite viability-preserving conditions
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R O Fernández
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
CLEMENT-LACROIX P, MICHEL L, MOYSAN A, MORLIERE P, DUBERTRET L. UVA-induced immune suppression in human skin: protective effect of vitamin E in human epidermal cells in vitro. Br J Dermatol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07843.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
40
|
Futsaether CM, Kjeldstad B, Johnsson A. Intracellular pH changes induced in Propionibacterium acnes by UVA radiation and blue light. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1995; 31:125-31. [PMID: 8583280 DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(95)07102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular pH changes induced in the Gram-positive skin bacterium Propionibacterium acnes by blue light and UVA radiation were studied. Two methods (31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NRM) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy using a pH-sensitive fluoroprobe (2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and -6-)-carboxyfluorescein)) were used to determine the intracellular pH. The pH changes induced by irradiation were found to be a function of cell survival. These changes as a function of cell survival followed the same pattern for blue light and UVA radiation. A reduction of the pH gradient across the cell membrane (inside alkaline) was found for lethal doses (less than 15% survival). This reduction corresponded to a decrease in intracellular pH and may indicate a proton influx. An increase in the pH gradient, which corresponded to an increase in the intracellular pH, was observed for sublethal doses. This increase appears to be reversible. Thus two separate mechanisms, which appear to be the same in UVA and blue light regions, may be responsible for the irradiation-induced pH alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Futsaether
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Norway
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
The effect of sublethal fluences (50-200 kJ m-2) of UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) in bacterial cells is a transient growth inhibition related to photo-modified tRNA and is associated with changes in membrane structure and function. Higher UV-A fluences result in cell death due to the production of reactive oxygen species, so far undetected at sublethal doses. Oxidative mechanisms of toxicity induced by 120 kJ m-2 UV-A radiation can be recorded by ultra-weak chemiluminescence, useful in quantifying oxidative reactions. When Escherichia coli was exposed to UV-A stress at a fluence rate equivalent to that of the Sun in the biosphere (33 W m-2), chemiluminescence levels were proportional to the photodamage. Chemiluminescence and photo-damage are linearly proportional and dependent on environmental conditions of the cells. It is postulated that in addition to tRNA photo-modification, UV-A alters the membrane structure of E. coli by oxidative damage, since changes in the membrane structure under different environmental conditions play a key role in the cell's response to UV-A injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Pizarro
- Departamento de Radiobiología, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bose B, Chatterjee SN. Correlation between UVA-induced changes in microviscosity, permeability and malondialdehyde formation in liposomal membrane. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1995; 28:149-53. [PMID: 7636636 DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(94)07102-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The lipid peroxidation, 14C-glucose leakage and microviscosity of liposomal membrane increased linearly with increasing UVA fluence. A positive and highly significant correlation was found between these properties of the UVA-exposed liposomal membrane. The possible involvement of singlet oxygen in the UVA-induced damage of liposomal membrane is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Bose
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gaboriau F, Demoulins-Giacco N, Tirache I, Morlière P. Involvement of singlet oxygen in ultraviolet A-induced lipid peroxidation in cultured human skin fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 1995; 287:338-40. [PMID: 7598540 DOI: 10.1007/bf01105089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Gaboriau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Biomolécularies, CNRS U.A. 198, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bose B, Chatterjee SN. UVA-induced peroxidation of lipid in the dried film state. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1994; 23:119-23. [PMID: 8040752 DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(94)06995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of a dried lipid thin film to UVA produced a dose-dependent linear increase in the three peroxidation products, conjugated diene, lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA). All three lipid peroxidation products exhibited an inverse dose rate effect. Identical amounts of malondialdehyde were produced when the lipid film was exposed to UVA either directly or through the thickness of the Corning glass on which the film was cast. Antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and the singlet oxygen quencher beta-carotene significantly inhibited the UVA-induced peroxidation of the lipid film. The biological implications of the UVA-induced peroxidation of the dried lipid film are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Bose
- Biophysics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
Beer JZ, Olvey KM, Miller SA, Thomas DP, Godar DE. Non-nuclear damage and cell lysis are induced by UVA, but not UVB or UVC, radiation in three strains of L5178Y cells. Photochem Photobiol 1993; 58:676-81. [PMID: 8284323 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb04951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The potential to induce non-nuclear changes in mammalian cells has been examined for (1) UVA1 radiation (340-400 nm, UVASUN 2000 lamp), (2) UVA+UVB (peak at 313 nm) radiation (FS20 lamp), and (3) UVC (254 nm) radiation (G15T8 lamp). The effects of irradiation were monitored in vitro using three strains of L5178Y (LY) mouse lymphoma cells that markedly differ in sensitivity to UV radiation. Comparisons were made for the effects of approximately equitoxic fluences that reduced cell survival to 1-15%. Depending on the cell strain, the fluences ranged from 830 to 1600 kJ/m2 for the UVASUN lamp, 75 to 390 J/m2 for the FS20 lamp and 3.8 to 17.2 J/m2 for the G15T8 lamp. At the exposure level used in this study, irradiation with the UVASUN, but not the FS20 or G15T8, lamp induced a variety of non-nuclear changes including damage to cytoplasmic organelles and increased plasma membrane permeability and cell lysis. Cell lysis and membrane permeabilization were induced by the UVA1 emission of the UVASUN lamp, but not by its visible+IR components (> 400 nm). The results show that the plasma membrane and other organelles of LY cells are highly sensitive to UVA1 but not to UVB or UVC radiation. Also UVA1, but not UVB or UVC radiation, causes rapid and extensive lysis of LY cells. In conclusion, non-nuclear damage contributes substantially to UVA cytotoxicity in all three strains of LY cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Z Beer
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nishiyama T, Hagiwara Y, Hagiwara H, Shibamoto T. Inhibition of malonaldehyde formation from lipids by an isoflavonoid isolated from young green barley leaves. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02542607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Nishiyama
- ; Department of Environmental Toxicology; University of California; Davis California 95616
| | - Y. Hagiwara
- ; Department of Environmental Toxicology; University of California; Davis California 95616
| | - H. Hagiwara
- ; Department of Environmental Toxicology; University of California; Davis California 95616
- Hagiwara Institute of Health; 1173 Maruyama, Asazuma-cho Kasai 679-01 Japan
| | - T. Shibamoto
- ; Department of Environmental Toxicology; University of California; Davis California 95616
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Godar DE, Thomas DP, Miller SA, Lee W. Long-wavelength UVA radiation induces oxidative stress, cytoskeletal damage and hemolysis. Photochem Photobiol 1993; 57:1018-26. [PMID: 8367531 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02965.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the ability of the different wavelength regions of UV radiation, UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (290-320 nm) and UVC (200-290 nm), to induce hemolysis. Sheep erythrocytes were exposed to radiation from either a UVA1 (> 340 nm) sunlamp, a UVB sunlamp, or a UVC germicidal lamp. The doses used for the three wavelength regions were approximately equilethal to the survival of L5178Y murine lymphoma cells. Following exposure, negligible hemolysis was observed in the UVB- and UVC-irradiated erythrocytes, whereas a decrease in the relative cell number (RCN), indicative of hemolysis, was observed in the UVA1-exposed samples. The decrease in RCN was dependent on dose (0-1625 kJ/m2), time (0-78 h postirradiation) and cell density (10(6)-10(7) cells/mL).. Hemolysis decreased with increasing concentration of glutathione, hemoglobin or cell number, while the presence of pyruvate drastically enhanced it. Because scanning spectroscopy (200-700 nm) showed that hemoproteins and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides were oxidized, cytoplasmic oxidative stress was implicated in the lytic mechanism. Further evidence of oxidation was obtained from electron micrographs, which revealed the formation of Heinz bodies near the plasma membrane. The data demonstrate that exposure of erythrocytes to UVA1, but not UVB or UVC, radiation causes oxidation of cytoplasmic components, which results in cytoskeletal damage and hemolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D E Godar
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20857
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Morlière P, Moysan A, Santus R, Hüppe G, Mazière JC, Dubertret L. UVA-induced lipid peroxidation in cultured human fibroblasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1084:261-8. [PMID: 1888774 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(91)90068-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The UVA irradiation of cultured human fibroblasts leads to the formation and to the release of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the supernatant. The major thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance is identified by fluorescence spectroscopy and HPLC, as malondialdehyde or malondialdehyde-forming substances under the thiobarbituric acid assay conditions. Malondialdehyde formation strongly suggests a UVA-induced lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation is also supported by the inhibitory effect of D,L-alpha-tocopherol, the well-known chain breaking antioxidant, by the additional malondialdehyde formation in the dark after the photooxidative stress and by membrane damage revealed by lactate dehydrogenase leakage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Morlière
- Laboratoire de Dermatologie, INSERM U. 312, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pigment organization and energy transfer in green bacteria. 2. Circular and linear dichroism spectra of protein-containing and protein-free chlorosomes isolated from Chloroflexus aurantiacus strain Ok-70-fl. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|