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Mignacca SA, Agnello S, Castiglione S, Guercio A, Purpari G, Capucchio MT. Malignant skin neoplasms in goats in Sicily, Italy: clinical, virological and pathological investigations. J Comp Pathol 2024; 213:28-36. [PMID: 39033564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Neoplasms in small ruminants are considered uncommon and their reported incidence is variable. The aims of this investigation were to characterize malignant skin neoplasms in adult goats reared in Sicily, Italy, and to evaluate potential correlations between gross and histopathology features of the tumours and signalment, tumour location and/or viral infections. A total of 75 malignant skin masses were examined. In selected animals with perineal masses (n = 28) virological and serological investigations on tissues and blood were also conducted. According to the histological features, the lesions were classified as 67 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (of which 65 were located in the perineum), six melanomas and two fibrosarcomas. In three cases, neoplasms at the base of the horn were associated with nasal polyps. Among the selected perineal SCCs, papillomaviruses (PVs), caprine herpesvirus 1 and parapoxvirus were not detected on polymerase chain reaction or on serological examination. However, further investigation on a larger sample size is required to evaluate the potential role of PVs in the pathogenesis of skin tumours in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Mignacca
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Pathology Division, Backweston Campus, Stacumney Lane, Celbridge W23 X3PH, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Stefano Agnello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A. Mirri', Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3-90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvana Castiglione
- Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Caltanissetta, Via Cusmano, 2, 93100, Caltanissetta, Italy
| | - Annalisa Guercio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A. Mirri', Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3-90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Purpari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A. Mirri', Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3-90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccine, 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Plüss J, Franzen J, Origgi FC, Marchionatti E. Metastatic cornual melanoma in a Valesian copperneck goat. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Plüss
- Clinic for Ruminants Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Jan Franzen
- Vetsuisse Faculty Institute of Animal Pathology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Francesco C. Origgi
- Vetsuisse Faculty Institute of Animal Pathology University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Emma Marchionatti
- Clinic for Ruminants Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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Helke KL, Meyerholz DK, Beck AP, Burrough ER, Derscheid RJ, Löhr C, McInnes EF, Scudamore CL, Brayton CF. Research Relevant Background Lesions and Conditions: Ferrets, Dogs, Swine, Sheep, and Goats. ILAR J 2021; 62:133-168. [PMID: 33712827 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models provide a valuable tool and resource for biomedical researchers as they investigate biological processes, disease pathogenesis, novel therapies, and toxicologic studies. Interpretation of animal model data requires knowledge not only of the processes/diseases being studied but also awareness of spontaneous conditions and background lesions in the model that can influence or even confound the study results. Species, breed/stock, sex, age, anatomy, physiology, diseases (noninfectious and infectious), and neoplastic processes are model features that can impact the results as well as study interpretation. Here, we review these features in several common laboratory animal species, including ferret, dog (beagle), pig, sheep, and goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi L Helke
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David K Meyerholz
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Amanda P Beck
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Eric R Burrough
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Rachel J Derscheid
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Christiane Löhr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Elizabeth F McInnes
- Toxicologic Pathology, Toxicology Section, Human Safety at Syngenta, in Jealott's Hill, Bracknell, United Kingdom
| | - Cheryl L Scudamore
- ExePathology, Pathologist at ExePathology, Exmouth, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Cory F Brayton
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Sinnott DM, Woolard KD, Heller M, Affolter VK. Congenital intradural melanoma surrounding the spinal cord of a nine‐day‐old Saanen goat. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devinn M Sinnott
- William R Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kevin D Woolard
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Meera Heller
- Department of Medicine and EpidemiologyUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Verena K Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and ImmunologyUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Parsons PG. Can skin cancer in humans be prevented by alleviation of oxidative stress? Redox Rep 2016; 3:77-83. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.1997.11747094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Mignacca S, Capucchio M, Biasibetti E, Guarneri G, Milone S, Marchisotta A, Amato B, Di Marco Lo Presti V. Three cases of melanoma in small ruminants: Clinical symptoms and pathological results. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Of 1146 caprine necropsy or biopsy specimens submitted from 1987 through 2011 to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Oregon State University, 100 goats (8.7%) had 102 tumors. Detailed records were available for 89 cases. Fifty-five goats were female, 17 were castrated males, and 12 were intact males. Breeds included 21 Nubian, 16 Pygmy, 10 Pygora, 8 Alpine, 4 Angora, 4 Saanen, 2 Toggenburg, and 9 crossbred goats. Dwarf, Nubian, and Saanen goats were overrepresented and Alpine and Boer goats underrepresented among cases with neoplastic disease in comparison to submissions overall. Age ranged from 7 months to 19 years (median, 7 years). Histopathology was performed on 97 tumors. Lymphoma (n = 17) was the most common tumor, followed by cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (n = 10) and thymoma (n = 9). Most lymphomas were multicentric. All 7 mammary neoplasms were adenocarcinomas. Five of 7 vascular proliferations were hemangiosarcomas. All 4 melanocytic tumors were classified as (malignant) melanoma. Rarely reported caprine tumors included a choroid plexus carcinoma, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, and 3 pheochromocytomas. Cutaneous round cell tumors were provisionally diagnosed as 2 histiocytomas and 5 mast cell tumors. Single cases of previously unreported caprine tumors included amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor, myxosarcoma, sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine sweat gland adenoma, and thyroid carcinoma. Nonneoplastic entities included 2 cases of mammary fibroadenomatous hyperplasia and single cases of vascular hamartoma, cervical adenomatous hyperplasia, and cervical leiomyofibromatosis. The results of this 25-year retrospective study indicate that lymphoma in particular and tumors in general are common in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Löhr
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97339, USA.
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Ozyildiz Z, Ceylan C, Yilmaz R, Ozsoy SY. Immunohistochemical characterization of perineal melanoma in Kilis goats. Biotech Histochem 2012; 87:408-12. [PMID: 22519426 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2012.679366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of the malignant melanomas in the perineal regions of Kilis goats from Sanliurfa province in Turkey. We studied 13 female Kilis goats between 3 and 8 years old that were brought to Harran University Veterinary School, Department of Surgery, between 2002 and 2010. By macroscopic examination, the masses were determined to have elastic consistency, dark brown-black color, necrotic surfaces and ulceration. Microscopically, pleomorphic cells were observed under the basal layer and these advanced toward the dermis. These cells were polyhedral, round or spindle-shaped, anaplastic, and their cytoplasm contained varying amounts of dark brown-black pigments. Immunohistochemical staining was obtained with anti-melan A, vimentin and S100 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ozyildiz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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Vala H, Pópulo H, Mesquita JR, Esteves F, Santos C, Soares P, Lopes JM. Melanocytic tumour in a black sheep never exposed to ultraviolet radiation. J Comp Pathol 2011; 146:160-4. [PMID: 21612790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A slow growing skin tumour was identified on the head of a 6-year-old male Serra da Estrela black sheep. The animal had no previous history of exposure to ultraviolet radiation or illness. The tumour consisted of an irregular mass subdivided into two polypoid regions and there were small alternating pigmented and non-pigmented areas in the surrounding epidermis. Microscopical and immunohistochemical features were consistent with a melanocytic tumour of the melanocytoma type, without signs of vascular or perineural invasion. The tumour cells contained pigment stained by the Masson Fontana reaction, expressed S100 protein and vimentin and displayed a low proliferative rate (Ki67 labelling <1%). No metastases were found at the time of gross necropsy examination. Analyses of the homologous regions of the hot spot mutational exons of BRAF and NRAS (the genes that are most often mutated in human melanocytic tumours) did not reveal alterations, but there were silent polymorphic variations in these genes. No such variation was observed in the GNAQ gene sequence that is mutated in human melanocytomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vala
- Department of Animal Science, Rural Engineering and Veterinary Science, Agrarian Superior School of Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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Mavangira V, Hughes JM, Middleton JR, Mitchell WJ, Kim DY. Malignant melanoma of the horn base in a Pygora goat. J Vet Diagn Invest 2008; 20:104-7. [PMID: 18182522 DOI: 10.1177/104063870802000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of malignant melanoma, originating at the base of the left horn, was diagnosed in a white 11-year-old Pygora doe. At necropsy, the goat had an ulcerated, black-pigmented, 2.5-cm mass at the base of the left horn. Firm masses diffusely black on the cut surface were present at the left horn base, subcutaneously over the frontal bones, and infiltrating into the frontal sinuses, the submandibular lymph node, and left parotid salivary gland. The left maxillary premolars and molars were loosened from the periodontia. Multiple black foci of metastasis were observed in the liver. Histologically, the masses consisted predominantly of moderately pleomorphic, polyhedral to spindle cells that contained variable amounts of dark brown intracytoplasmic pigment granules. The tumor cells were positive for Melan A by immunohistochemical staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vengai Mavangira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, 900 East Campus Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Reeve VE, Ley RD. Animal models of ultraviolet radiation-induced skin cancer. CANCER PREVENTION — CANCER CAUSES 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-0511-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Abstract
Melanoma is a devastating disease frequently encountered within both veterinary and human medicine. Molecular changes linked with neoplastic transformation of melanocytes include mutations in genes that encode proteins intrinsic to the regulatory pathways of two tumor suppressor proteins (retinoblastoma protein and p53), proto-oncogene mutation to oncogenes, altered expression of epithelial cadherin and CD44 adhesion molecules, and upregulation of angiogenic factors and other growth factors. Histologic evaluation of the primary mass is the most common means of diagnosis, with cytology used more frequently to document metastasis. Melanoma's highly variable histologic and cytologic patterns can make diagnosis by either method problematic. Adherent epithelioid morphology, including signet ring forms, and nonadherent round and spindle forms are recognized, with pigmentation an inconsistent finding. The site of the tumor, the thickness of the primary tumor or depth of invasion, and the number of mitotic figures per high-power field or per millimeter are used histologically to predict biologic behavior, whereas site and degree of pleomorphism are typically used for cytologic preparations. Diagnosis of amelanotic melanoma can be aided by ancillary diagnostic techniques. Tumor cells are usually positive for vimentin, S100, neuron-specific enolase, and Melan-A, and negative for cytokeratin. Melan-A as a positive marker is not as sensitive as the others are but is likely more specific. Monoclonal antibodies to human melanosome-specific antigens 1 and 5 cross-react with canine antigens for a combined sensitivity rate of 83%. Mouse monoclonal antibody IBF9 specifically recognizes canine melanoma antigen and also has good sensitivity. Serologic markers, including cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and melanoma-inhibitory activity, are being investigated as potential sentinels of melanoma. Currently, there is no single diagnostic technique capable of differentiating benign from malignant melanocytic neoplasms or predicting survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Smith
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Abstract
The current state of knowledge of melanoma genetics is reviewed. Mutations in the tumour suppressor gene CDKN2A and in the oncogenes N-ras and H-ras seem to play the most important roles in the development and progression of malignant melanoma. Experimental studies to determine the role of ultraviolet (UV) light in the induction of melanoma have been hampered by a lack of suitable animal models. The commonly used laboratory animals are not susceptible to the induction of melanoma upon exposure to UV radiation (UVR) alone. Recent observations with four different animals have suggested, however, that UVR may be involved in the induction of melanoma. The most recent model consists of human skin grafted onto immunodeficient mice. To date, using this model, only the combination of UVB (280-320 nm) exposure and topical promoter treatment has led to the development of malignant melanoma. The wavelength dependency of the induction of melanoma has been established in the fish model Xiphophorus. The application of such an action spectrum to humans looks possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Ortonne
- CHU Nice, Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital l'Archet 2, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex, France.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Weinstock
- VA Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence 02908-4799, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Whiteman
- ICRF General Practice Research Group, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, UK
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ABSTRACTS. Photochem Photobiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb09479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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