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Dube E. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Self-Disinfecting Surfaces for Controlling Microbial Infections. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1573. [PMID: 39203415 PMCID: PMC11356738 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi pose significant global health threats in diverse environments. While conventional disinfection methods are effective, their reliance on frequent chemical applications raises concerns about resistance and environmental impact. Photodynamic self-disinfecting surfaces have emerged as a promising alternative. These surfaces incorporate photosensitizers that, when exposed to light, produce reactive oxygen species to target and eliminate microbial pathogens. This review explores the concept and mechanism of photodynamic self-disinfecting surfaces, highlighting the variety and characteristics of photosensitizers integrated into surfaces and the range of light sources used across different applications. It also highlights the effectiveness of these surfaces against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, while also discussing their potential for providing continuous antimicrobial protection without frequent reapplication. Additionally, the review addresses both the advantages and limitations associated with photodynamic self-disinfecting surfaces and concludes with future perspectives on advancing this technology to meet ongoing challenges in infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Dube
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/B X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa
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2
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Versace DL, Breloy L, Palierse E, Coradin T. Contributions of photochemistry to bio-based antibacterial polymer materials. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9624-9641. [PMID: 34807217 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01801a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surgical site infections constitute a major health concern that may be addressed by conferring antibacterial properties to surgical tools and medical devices via functional coatings. Bio-sourced polymers are particularly well-suited to prepare such coatings as they are usually safe and can exhibit intrinsic antibacterial properties or serve as hosts for bactericidal agents. The goal of this Review is to highlight the unique contribution of photochemistry as a green and mild methodology for the development of such bio-based antibacterial materials. Photo-generation and photo-activation of bactericidal materials are illustrated. Recent efforts and current challenges to optimize the sustainability of the process, improve the safety of the materials and extend these strategies to 3D biomaterials are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy-Louis Versace
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE, UMR-CNRS 7182), 2-8 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France.
| | - Louise Breloy
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE, UMR-CNRS 7182), 2-8 rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France.
| | - Estelle Palierse
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), UMR 7197, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
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3
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Noirbent G, Dumur F. Photoinitiators of polymerization with reduced environmental impact: Nature as an unlimited and renewable source of dyes. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Santos AR, Silva AF, Freitas CF, Silva MV, Bona E, Nakamura CV, Hioka N, Mikcha JMG. Response surface methodology can be used to predict photoinactivation of foodborne pathogens using Rose Bengal excited by 530 nm LED. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriele R. Santos
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de AlimentosUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Alex F. Silva
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência da SaúdeUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Camila F. Freitas
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em QuímicaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Marcos V. Silva
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Evandro Bona
- Departamento de AlimentosUniversidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná—campus Campo Mourão Campo Mourão Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Celso V. Nakamura
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
| | - Jane M. G. Mikcha
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e BiomedicinaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Puerto Rico Brazil
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6
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Kim HS, Cha EJ, Kang HJ, Park JH, Lee J, Park HD. Antibacterial application of covalently immobilized photosensitizers on a surface. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:34-42. [PMID: 30769187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen produced by irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) can be used to kill pathogens during water treatment. Chemical immobilization of the PSs on surfaces can maintain their disinfection function long-term. In this study, two model PSs (rose bengal (RB) and hematoporphyrin (HP)) were immobilized on a glass surface using a silane coupling agent with an epoxide group, and their antibacterial properties were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that a covalent bond formed between the epoxide group and hydroxyl group in the PSs. A large proportion of the immobilized PSs (approximately 50%) was active in singlet oxygen production, which was evidenced by a comparative analysis with free PSs. RB was more effective at producing singlet oxygen than HP. The immobilized PSs were durable in terms of repeated use. On the other hand, singlet oxygen produced by the PSs was effective at killing bacteria, mostly for Gram-positive bacteria (> 90% death for 2 h of irradiation), by damaging the cell membrane. The preferable antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria compared with that against Gram-negative bacteria suggested efficient penetrability of singlet oxygen across the cell membrane, which led to cell death. Taken together, it was concluded that immobilization of PSs on surfaces using the silane coupling agent proposed in this study was effective at killing Gram-positive bacteria by forming singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shin Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Cha
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kang
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Abstract
Fresh water shortage has become a global problem. A partial solution for this problem is the use of treated and disinfected wastewater for irrigation. However, most existing wastewater disinfection methods are based on the use of aggressive chemicals or power-consuming physical processes. Photodynamic eradication of waterborne bacteria by immobilized photosensitizers may be a good alternative to conventional methods. In the present work, the photosensitizers Rose Bengal sodium salt, Rose Bengal lactone, methylene blue, and hematoporphyrin were immobilized in polyethylene or polypropylene using a “green” method of co-extrusion, without addition of any chemicals, yielding polymeric strips and beads containing the photosensitizers. The antibacterial efficiency of these immobilized photosensitizers was tested against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli in batch and continuous regimes upon illumination with a white luminescent lamp. All examined photosensitizers demonstrated a good ability to decrease the bacterial concentration, up to their total eradication. Immobilized photosensitizers are proposed for batch or continuous disinfection of wastewater after secondary treatment.
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8
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Sautrot-Ba P, Contreras A, Abbad Andaloussi S, Coradin T, Hélary C, Razza N, Sangermano M, Mazeran PE, Malval JP, Versace DL. Eosin-mediated synthesis of polymer coatings combining photodynamic inactivation and antimicrobial properties. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7572-7582. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01358b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Eosin-derived coatings exhibiting photodynamic bacterial inactivation and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Sautrot-Ba
- Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) – ICMPE UMR CNRS 7182
- 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
| | - A. Contreras
- Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) – ICMPE UMR CNRS 7182
- 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
| | | | - T. Coradin
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS
- Collège de France
- UMR 7574
| | - C. Hélary
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS
- Collège de France
- UMR 7574
| | - N. Razza
- Politecnico di Torino
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia
- 10129 Torino
- Italy
| | - M. Sangermano
- Politecnico di Torino
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia
- 10129 Torino
- Italy
| | - P.-E. Mazeran
- Laboratoire Roberval
- CNRS
- UMR 7337
- Sorbonne Universités
- Université de technologie de Compiègne
| | - J.-P. Malval
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - D.-L. Versace
- Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC) – ICMPE UMR CNRS 7182
- 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
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9
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Gehring J, Trepka B, Klinkenberg N, Bronner H, Schleheck D, Polarz S. Sunlight-Triggered Nanoparticle Synergy: Teamwork of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide Released from Mesoporous Organosilica with Advanced Antibacterial Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:3076-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gehring
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
| | - Bastian Trepka
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
| | - Nele Klinkenberg
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
| | - Hannah Bronner
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
| | - David Schleheck
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
| | - Sebastian Polarz
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of
Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz D-78457, Germany
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10
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Spagnul C, Greenman J, Wainwright M, Kamil Z, Boyle RW. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of a new photoactive hydrogel against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1499-1509. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02569a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of a cheap material active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to be used as a novel water-sterilizing device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Spagnul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- East Yorkshire
- UK
| | - John Greenman
- School of Life Sciences
- University of the West of England
- Bristol
- UK
| | - Mark Wainwright
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Liverpool John Moores University
- Liverpool
- UK
| | - Zeeniya Kamil
- School of Life Sciences
- University of the West of England
- Bristol
- UK
| | - Ross W. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- East Yorkshire
- UK
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11
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Condat M, Babinot J, Tomane S, Malval JP, Kang IK, Spillebout F, Mazeran PE, Lalevée J, Andalloussi SA, Versace DL. Development of photoactivable glycerol-based coatings containing quercetin for antibacterial applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25267a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of antibacterial coatings derived from glycerol and quercetin for the inhibition of bacteria proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Condat
- Université Paris Est
- ICMPE (UMR7182)
- CNRS
- UPEC
- F-94320 Thiais
| | - Julien Babinot
- Université Paris Est
- ICMPE (UMR7182)
- CNRS
- UPEC
- F-94320 Thiais
| | - Somia Tomane
- Université Paris Est
- ICMPE (UMR7182)
- CNRS
- UPEC
- F-94320 Thiais
| | - Jean-Pierre Malval
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Inn-Kyu Kang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu 702-701
- South Korea
| | - Faustine Spillebout
- National Institute for Nanotechnology
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Mazeran
- Laboratoire Roberval
- UMR CRNS-UTC 7337
- Centre de Recherche de Royallieu
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne
- 60205 Compiègne Cedex
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Samir Abbad Andalloussi
- Unité Bioemco Equipe IBIOS
- UMR 7618 CNRS – Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne
- 94010 Créteil cedex
- France
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12
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Immobilized photosensitizers for antimicrobial applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 150:11-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Aluigi A, Sotgiu G, Torreggiani A, Guerrini A, Orlandi VT, Corticelli F, Varchi G. Methylene Blue Doped Films of Wool Keratin with Antimicrobial Photodynamic Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:17416-17424. [PMID: 26196705 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, keratin films doped with different amounts of methylene blue (MB) were developed in order to prepare new biodegradable and biocompatible materials for tissue engineering and wound healing, able to exert antimicrobial photodynamic activity upon irradiation with visible light. Preliminary results indicated that the swelling ratio, as well as the MB release, increases by increasing the pH. Moreover, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen can be easily triggered and controlled by a fine-tuning of the irradiation time and MB concentration in the films. As concerns the photodynamic effects on keratin, the ROS attack does not induce any significant photodegradation on the protein, even if a slight photo-oxidation of sulfonated amino acids occurs. Finally, the film with the highest MB concentration (400 μg per gram of keratin) displays a significant photobactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a bacterial reduction that increases by increasing the irradiation time. In particular, the irradiation of KFMB400 film incubated with S. aureus at a concentration of 10(8) cfu mL(-1) determined the 99.9% killing rate and the killing effect increased proportionally with irradiation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Aluigi
- †Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sotgiu
- †Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Armida Torreggiani
- †Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerrini
- †Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viviana T Orlandi
- ‡Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Franco Corticelli
- §Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Greta Varchi
- †Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, via P. Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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14
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Condat M, Mazeran PE, Malval JP, Lalevée J, Morlet-Savary F, Renard E, Langlois V, Abbad Andalloussi S, Versace DL. Photoinduced curcumin derivative-coatings with antibacterial properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19499g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of antibacterial coatings derived from epoxidized soybean oil and curcumin for the efficient inhibition of bacteria proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Condat
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est
- Equipe Systèmes Polymères Complexes
- 94320 Thiais
- France
| | - P.-E. Mazeran
- Laboratoire Roberval
- UMR CRNS-UTC 7337
- Centre de Recherche de Royallieu
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne
- 60205 Compiègne Cedex
| | - J.-P. Malval
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - J. Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - F. Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-LRC 7228
- 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - E. Renard
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est
- Equipe Systèmes Polymères Complexes
- 94320 Thiais
- France
| | - V. Langlois
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est
- Equipe Systèmes Polymères Complexes
- 94320 Thiais
- France
| | - S. Abbad Andalloussi
- Unité Bioemco Equipe IBIOS
- UMR 7618 CNRS - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne
- 94010 Créteil Cedex
- France
| | - D.-L. Versace
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est
- Equipe Systèmes Polymères Complexes
- 94320 Thiais
- France
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15
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Brovko L, Anany H, Bayoumi M, Giang K, Kunkel E, Lim E, Naboka O, Rahman S, Li J, Filipe C, Griffiths M. Antimicrobial light-activated materials: towards application for food and environmental safety. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1260-6. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Brovko
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - H. Anany
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
- Microbiology Department; Faculty of Science; Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - M. Bayoumi
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
- Food Control Department; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
| | - K. Giang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - E. Kunkel
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - E. Lim
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - O. Naboka
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - S. Rahman
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
| | - J. Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - C.D.M. Filipe
- Department of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - M.W. Griffiths
- Canadian Research Institute for Food Safety; University of Guelph; Guelph ON Canada
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Polymer-immobilized photosensitizers for continuous eradication of bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14984-96. [PMID: 25158236 PMCID: PMC4200774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150914984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The photosensitizers Rose Bengal (RB) and methylene blue (MB), when immobilized in polystyrene, were found to exhibit high antibacterial activity in a continuous regime. The photosensitizers were immobilized by dissolution in chloroform, together with polystyrene, with further evaporation of the solvent, yielding thin polymeric films. Shallow reservoirs, bottom-covered with these films, were used for constructing continuous-flow photoreactors for the eradication of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Escherichia coli and wastewater bacteria under illumination with visible white light using a luminescent lamp at a 1.8 mW·cm⁻² fluence rate. The bacterial concentration decreased by two to five orders of magnitude in separate reactors with either immobilized RB or MB, as well as in three reactors connected in series, which contained one of the photosensitizers. Bacterial eradication reached more than five orders of magnitude in two reactors connected in series, where the first reactor contained immobilized RB and the second contained immobilized MB.
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Photo-activated porphyrin in combination with antibiotics: therapies against Staphylococci. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 129:27-35. [PMID: 24148969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcal infections have become difficult to treat due to antibiotic insensitivity and resistance. Antimicrobial combination therapies may minimize acquisition of resistance and photodynamic therapy is an attractive candidate for these combinations. In this manuscript, we explore combined use of antibiotics and meso-tetra (4-aminophenyl) porphine (TAPP), a cationic porphyrin, for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus contamination. We characterize the antimicrobial activity of photoactivated TAPP and show that activity is largely lost in the presence of a radical scavenger. Importantly, TAPP can be reactivated with continued, albeit attenuated, antibacterial activity. We then show that the antimicrobial activity of illuminated TAPP is additive with chloramphenicol and tobramycin for S. aureus and Escherichia coli, and synergistic for MRSA and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chloramphenicol+methylene blue, another photosensitizer, also show additivity against S. aureus. In contrast, ceftriaxone and vancomycin do not strongly augment the low level effects of TAPP against S. aureus. Eukaryotic cells exhibit a dose-dependent toxicity with illuminated TAPP. Our results suggest that even sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of photo-activated TAPP could be used to boost the activity of waning antibiotics. This may play an important role in treatments reliant on antibiotic controlled release systems where augmentation with photo-active agents could extend their efficacy.
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Antibacterial Photosensitization-Based Treatment for Food Safety. FOOD ENGINEERING REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12393-013-9070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Merchán M, Ouk TS, Kubát P, Lang K, Coelho C, Verney V, Commereuc S, Leroux F, Sol V, Taviot-Guého C. Photostability and photobactericidal properties of porphyrin-layered double hydroxide–polyurethane composite films. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2139-2146. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Mbakidi JP, Herke K, Alvès S, Chaleix V, Granet R, Krausz P, Leroy-Lhez S, Ouk TS, Sol V. Synthesis and photobiocidal properties of cationic porphyrin-grafted paper. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 91:333-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Nakonechny F, Pinkus A, Hai S, Yehosha O, Nitzan Y, Nisnevitch M. Eradication of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by photosensitizers immobilized in polystyrene. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 89:671-8. [PMID: 23163697 DOI: 10.1111/php.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Immobilization of photosensitizers in polymers opens prospects for their continuous and reusable application. Methylene blue (MB) and Rose Bengal were immobilized in polystyrene by mixing solutions of the photosensitizers in chloroform with a polymer solution, followed by air evaporation of the solvent. This procedure yielded 15-140 μm polymer films with a porous surface structure. The method chosen for immobilization ensured 99% enclosure of the photosensitizer in the polymer. The antimicrobial activity of the immobilized photosensitizers was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It was found that both immobilized photosensitizers exhibited high antimicrobial properties, and caused by a 1.5-3 log10 reduction in the bacterial concentrations to their total eradication. The bactericidal effect of the immobilized photosensitizers depended on the cell concentration and on the illumination conditions. Scanning electron microscopy was used to prove that immobilized photosensitizers excited by white light caused irreversible damage to microbial cells. Photosensitizers immobilized on a solid phase can be applied for continuous disinfection of wastewater bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faina Nakonechny
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Ariel University Center of Samaria, Ariel, Israel
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