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Boccardi M. Translational process. J Transl Med 2023; 21:677. [PMID: 37770943 PMCID: PMC10540412 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Boccardi
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Rostock-Greifswald Standort, Rostock, Germany.
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Centre for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences, Rostock University of Medicine, Rostock, Germany.
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Boccardi M, Handels R, Gold M, Grazia A, Lutz MW, Martin M, Nosheny R, Robillard JM, Weidner W, Alexandersson J, Thyrian JR, Winblad B, Barbarino P, Khachaturian AS, Teipel S. Clinical research in dementia: A perspective on implementing innovation. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:2352-2367. [PMID: 35325508 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global prevalence of dementia demands concrete actions that are aimed strategically at optimizing processes that drive clinical innovation. The first step in this direction requires outlining hurdles in the transition from research to practice. The different parties needed to support translational processes have communication mismatches; methodological gaps hamper evidence-based decision-making; and data are insufficient to provide reliable estimates of long-term health benefits and costs in decisional models. Pilot projects are tackling some of these gaps, but appropriate methods often still need to be devised or adapted to the dementia field. A consistent implementation perspective along the whole translational continuum, explicitly defined and shared among the relevant stakeholders, should overcome the "research-versus-adoption" dichotomy, and tackle the implementation cliff early on. Concrete next steps may consist of providing tools that support the effective participation of heterogeneous stakeholders and agreeing on a definition of clinical significance that facilitates the selection of proper outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Boccardi
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald Standort, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ron Handels
- Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Dept for Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Alice Grazia
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald Standort, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock Universitätsmedizin, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael W Lutz
- Department of Neurology Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mike Martin
- Gerontology Center, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Nosheny
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julie M Robillard
- The University of British Columbia; BC Children's & Women's Hospitals, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Jochen René Thyrian
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald Standort, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Community Medicine, Section Epidemiology of Healthcare, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Dept for Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Ara S Khachaturian
- Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, Rockville, Maryland, USA.,Campaign to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefan Teipel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald Standort, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock Universitätsmedizin, Rostock, Germany
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Mahajan C, Kapoor I, Prabhakar H. A Narrative Review on Translational Research in Acute Brain Injury. JOURNAL OF NEUROANAESTHESIOLOGY AND CRITICAL CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere has been a constant endeavor to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with acute brain injury. The associated complex mechanisms involving biomechanics, markers, and neuroprotective drugs/measures have been extensively studied in preclinical studies with an ultimate aim to improve the patients' outcomes. Despite such efforts, only few have been successfully translated into clinical practice. In this review, we shall be discussing the major hurdles in the translation of preclinical results into clinical practice. The need is to choose an appropriate animal model, keeping in mind the species, age, and gender of the animal, choosing suitable outcome measures, ensuring quality of animal trials, and carrying out systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies before proceeding to human trials. The interdisciplinary collaboration between the preclinical and clinical scientists will help to design better, meaningful trials which might help a long way in successful translation. Although challenging at this stage, the advent of translational precision medicine will help the integration of mechanism-centric translational medicine and patient-centric precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Mahajan
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Indu Kapoor
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemanshu Prabhakar
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Bockhold S, Foley SJ, Rainford LA, Corridori R, Eberstein A, Hoeschen C, Konijnenberg MW, Molyneux-Hodgson S, Paulo G, Santos J, McNulty JP. Exploring the translational challenge for medical applications of ionising radiation and corresponding radiation protection research. J Transl Med 2022; 20:137. [PMID: 35303930 PMCID: PMC8932076 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medical applications of ionising radiation and associated radiation protection research often encounter long delays and inconsistent implementation when translated into clinical practice. A coordinated effort is needed to analyse the research needs for innovation transfer in radiation-based high-quality healthcare across Europe which can inform the development of an innovation transfer framework tailored for equitable implementation of radiation research at scale. Methods Between March and September 2021 a Delphi methodology was employed to gain consensus on key translational challenges from a range of professional stakeholders. A total of three Delphi rounds were conducted using a series of electronic surveys comprised of open-ended and closed-type questions. The surveys were disseminated via the EURAMED Rocc-n-Roll consortium network and prominent medical societies in the field. Approximately 350 professionals were invited to participate. Participants’ level of agreement with each generated statement was captured using a 6-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined as median ≥ 4 with ≥ 60% of responses in the upper tertile of the scale. Additionally, the stability of responses across rounds was assessed. Results In the first Delphi round a multidisciplinary panel of 20 generated 127 unique statements. The second and third Delphi rounds recruited a broader sample of 130 individuals to rate the extent to which they agreed with each statement as a key translational challenge. A total of 60 consensus statements resulted from the iterative Delphi process of which 55 demonstrated good stability. Ten statements were identified as high priority challenges with ≥ 80% of statement ratings either ‘Agree’ or ‘Strongly Agree’. Conclusion A lack of interoperability between systems, insufficient resources, unsatisfactory education and training, and the need for greater public awareness surrounding the benefits, risks, and applications of ionising radiation were identified as principal translational challenges. These findings will help to inform a tailored innovation transfer framework for medical radiation research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03344-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bockhold
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Shane J Foley
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Louise A Rainford
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | | | - Christoph Hoeschen
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Otto Von Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mark W Konijnenberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Graciano Paulo
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Santos
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jonathan P McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Griffiths KK, Gerber A, Whittington RA. The Anesthesiologist as Translational Scientist. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2022; 34:113-115. [PMID: 34870632 PMCID: PMC8653981 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Translational science seeks to accelerate the multi-step process by which scientific discoveries are transformed into therapies that can improve the health of individuals and their communities. To facilitate crossing the traditional boundaries between basic and clinical research for instance, a systematic understanding of the scientific and operational principles that underlie each step of the translational cycle is developed to identify and address barriers to translation. Skills required by translational scientists, such as being systems thinkers and process innovators, overlap with those of anesthesiologists, and therefore, it is no surprise that anesthesiologists have contributed to this field. Indeed, the safety and efficacy of anesthesia care has greatly evolved over many decades because anesthesiologists have recognized the importance of readily incorporating physiological and pharmacological basic research findings into clinical practice. This article highlights the characteristics that make anesthesiologists well suited to be translational scientists. We also discuss one example of anesthesiology contributing to the field of translational science during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that anesthesiologists, regardless of their specific clinical or research interests, have the skill set to become effective and critical players in the field of translational science and emphasize the importance of continued leadership in this field to academic anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren K Griffiths
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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An integrative review and practical guide to team development interventions for translational science teams: One size does not fit all. J Clin Transl Sci 2021; 5:e198. [PMID: 34888067 PMCID: PMC8634301 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2021.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As the need to tackle complex clinical and societal problems rises, researchers are increasingly taking on a translational approach. This approach, which seeks to integrate theories, methodologies, and frameworks from various disciplines across a team of researchers, places emphasis on translation of findings in order to offer practical solutions to real-world problems. While translational research leads to a number of positive outcomes, there are also a multitude of barriers to conducting effective team science, such as effective coordination and communication across the organizational, disciplinary, and even geographic boundaries of science teams. Given these barriers to success, there is a significant need to establish team interventions that increase science team effectiveness as translational research becomes the new face of science. This review is intended to provide translational scientists with an understanding of barriers to effective team science and equip them with the necessary tools to overcome such barriers. We provide an overview of translational science teams, discuss barriers to science team effectiveness, demonstrate the lacking state of current interventions, and present recommendations for improving interventions in science teams by applying best practices from the teams and groups literature across the four phases of transdisciplinary research.
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Askarian B, Ho P, Chong JW. Detecting Cataract Using Smartphones. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2021; 9:3800110. [PMID: 34786216 PMCID: PMC8580365 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2021.3074597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Cataract, which is the clouding of the crystalline lens, is the most prevalent eye disease accounting for 51% of all eye diseases in the U.S. Cataract is a progressive disease, and its early detection is critical for preventing blindness. In this paper, an efficient approach to identify cataract disease by adopting luminance features using a smartphone is proposed. Methods: Initially, eye images captured by a smartphone were cropped to extract the lens, and the images were preprocessed to remove irrelevant background and noise by utilizing median filter and watershed transformation. Then, a novel luminance transformation from pixel brightness algorithm was introduced to extract lens image features. The luminance and texture features of different types of cataract disease images could be obtained accurately in this stage. Finally, by adopting support vector machines (SVM) as the classification method, cataract eyes were identified. Results: From all the images that we fed into our system, our method could diagnose diseased eyes with 96.6% accuracy, 93.4% specificity, and 93.75% sensitivity. Conclusion: The proposed method provides an affordable, rapid, easy-to-use, and versatile method for detecting cataracts by using smartphones without the use of bulky and expensive imaging devices. This methodcan be used for bedside telemedicine applications or in remote areas that have medical shortages. Previous smartphone-based cataract detection methods include texture feature analysis with 95 % accuracy, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method with 89% accuracy, red reflex measurement method, and RGB color feature extraction method using cascade classifier with 90% accuracy. The accuracy of cataract detection in these studies is subject to changes in smartphone models and/or environmental conditions. However, our novel luminance-based method copes with different smartphone camera sensors and chroma variations, while operating independently from sensors’ color characteristics and changes in distances and camera angle. Clinical and Translational Impact—This study is an early/pre-clinical research proposing a novel luminance-based method of detecting cataract using smartphones for remote/at-home monitoring and telemedicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Askarian
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTexas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 USA
| | - Peter Ho
- Lubbock Eye Clinic Lubbock TX 79410 USA
| | - Jo Woon Chong
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTexas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 USA
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Taming the chaos?! Using eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to tackle the complexity in mental health research. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1143-1146. [PMID: 34240264 PMCID: PMC8310842 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Jacquier E, Laurent-Puig P, Badoual C, Burgun A, Mamzer MF. Facing new challenges to informed consent processes in the context of translational research: the case in CARPEM consortium. BMC Med Ethics 2021; 22:21. [PMID: 33653311 PMCID: PMC7927247 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-021-00592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of translational research, researchers have increasingly been using biological samples and data in fundamental research phases. To explore informed consent practices, we conducted a retrospective study on informed consent documents that were used for CARPEM's translational research programs. This review focused on detailing their form, their informational content, and the adequacy of these documents with the international ethical principles and participants' rights. METHODS Informed consent forms (ICFs) were collected from CARPEM investigators. A content analysis focused on information related to biological samples and data treatment (context of sampling and collect, aims, reuse, consent renewal), including the type of consent. An automatic assessment of the readability of the ICFs were performed with the IT program "Flesch Score". RESULTS 29 ICFs from 25 of 49 studies were analyzed after selection criteria were applied. Three types of consent were identified: 11 broad consents, six specific consents, and two opt-out consents. The Flesch Scores showed that most of the documents were too complex to be fully understood by most of the potential research participants. Most of the biological samples were collected during the healthcare routine, but the information content about secondary use of biological samples varied between ICFs. All documents mentioned personal data treatment but information about their reuse was not standardized in the ICFs. CONCLUSIONS Our review of current IC procedures of CARPEM showed that practices could be improved considering new translational research methods. "Old fashion written ICFs" should be adapted to the translational research approach, to better respect individual rights and international research ethics principles. In this context, theoretically, a digital tool allowing dynamic information and consent of participants, through an electronic interactive platform may be a good way to promote more active participation in research. Nevertheless, its feasibility in the complex environment of biological samples and data research remains to prove. The way of a combination of a broad consent followed by dynamic information may be alternatively tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Jacquier
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers (UMRS 1138), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Team ETREs, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers (UMRS 1138), Team Personalized Medicine, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Pharmacogenomics and Therapeutic Optimization, 75006 Paris, France
- Pharmacogénétique Et Oncologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Badoual
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Service d’anatomo-pathologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anita Burgun
- Département D’informatique Médicale, de Biostatistique Et de Santé Publique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- UMR-S 1138, Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Marie-France Mamzer
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers (UMRS 1138), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Team ETREs, 75006 Paris, France
- Unité Fonctionnelle D’éthique Et Médecine Légale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Maladies, Paris, France
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Bourdon JL, Davies RA, Long EC. Four Actionable Bottlenecks and Potential Solutions to Translating Psychiatric Genetics Research: An Expert Review. Public Health Genomics 2020; 23:171-183. [PMID: 33147585 PMCID: PMC7854816 DOI: 10.1159/000510832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric genetics has had limited success in translational efforts. A thorough understanding of the present state of translation in this field will be useful in the facilitation and assessment of future translational progress. PURPOSE A narrative literature review was conducted. Combinations of 3 groups of terms were searched in EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The review occurred in multiple steps, including abstract collection, inclusion/exclusion criteria review, coding, and analysis of included papers. RESULTS One hundred and fourteen articles were analyzed for the narrative review. Across those, 4 bottlenecks were noted that, if addressed, may provide insights and help improve and increase translation in the field of psychiatric genetics. These 4 bottlenecks are emphasizing linear translational frameworks, relying on molecular genomic findings, prioritizing certain psychiatric disorders, and publishing more reviews than experiments. CONCLUSIONS These entwined bottlenecks are examined with one another. Awareness of these bottlenecks can inform stakeholders who work to translate and/or utilize psychiatric genetic information. Potential solutions include utilizing nonlinear translational frameworks as well as a wider array of psychiatric genetic information (e.g., family history and gene-environment interplay) in this area of research, expanding which psychiatric disorders are considered for translation, and when possible, conducting original research. Researchers are urged to consider how their research is translational in the context of the frameworks, genetic information, and psychiatric disorders discussed in this review. At a broader level, these efforts should be supported with translational efforts in funding and policy shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Bourdon
- Department of Psychiatry, Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,
| | - Rachel A Davies
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Division of Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatric Disorders, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Long
- Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Appleby B, Cowdell F, Booth A. Knowledge mobilization in bridging patient-practitioner-researcher boundaries: A systematic integrative review. J Adv Nurs 2020; 77:523-536. [PMID: 33068022 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To review when, how, and in what context knowledge mobilization (KMb) has crossed patient-practitioner-researcher boundaries. BACKGROUND KMb is essential in contemporary health care, yet little is known about how patients are engaged. DESIGN Integrative review. DATA SOURCES Ten academic databases and grey literature. REVIEW METHODS We followed integrative review methodology to identify publications from 2006-2019 which contributed to understanding of cross-boundary KMb. We extracted data using a bespoke spreadsheet and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework. We used meta-summary to organize key findings. RESULTS Thirty-three papers collectively provide new insights into 'when' and 'how' KMb has crossed patient-researcher-practitioner boundaries and the impact this has achieved. Knowledge is mobilized to improve care, promote health, or prevent ill health. Most studies focus on creating or re-shaping knowledge to make it more useful. Knowledge is mobilized in small community groups, in larger networks, and intervention studies. Finding the right people to engage in activities is crucial, as activities can be demanding and time-consuming. Devolving power to communities and using local people to move knowledge can be effective. Few studies report definitive outcomes of KMb. CONCLUSION Cross-boundary KMb can and does produce new and shared knowledge for health care. Positive outcomes can be achieved using diverse public engagement strategies. KMb process and theory is an emerging discipline, further research is needed on effective cross-boundary working and on measuring the impact of KMb. IMPACT This review provides new and nuanced understandings of how KMb theory has been used to bridge patient-researcher-practitioner boundaries. We have assessed 'how', 'when', and in what context patients, practitioners and researchers have attempted to mobilize knowledge and identified impact. We have developed a knowledge base about good practice and what can and potentially should be avoided in cross-boundary KMb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Appleby
- Faculty of Health Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fiona Cowdell
- Faculty of Health Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew Booth
- Information Resources Group, HEDS, ScHARR, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Frantsve-Hawley J, Kumar SS, Rindal DB, Weyant RJ. Implementation science and periodontal practice: Translation of evidence into periodontology. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:188-201. [PMID: 32844415 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The advent of evidence-based practice in the 1990s led to the development of processes and resources to support the use of high-quality research in the provision of health care. As the evidence-based approach to health care continues to evolve, it has become apparent that mere creation and access to scientific knowledge is not sufficient to facilitate its routine adoption in health care. Throughout any health care system, there are inherent barriers preventing the adoption and routine use of new evidence in patient care. These barriers include provider-level factors, such as knowledge and access to new evidence, as well as each provider's attitudes and beliefs around adopting and applying the evidence with their patients. Importantly, there are also health care system-level barriers that, even among willing providers, prevent the easy adoption of new evidence and routine application in patient care. In addition to barriers, there are facilitators that help promote adoption of evidence into practice. Understanding and addressing barriers and facilitators to promote adoption of evidence into practice has led to the growth of a new field known as implementation science. Successful application of implementation science in all areas of health care, including periodontology, will help bridge the gap between what are known from clinical research to be effective treatments and what treatments should be applied routinely in clinical practice. This article reviews key concepts in implementation science and how its application in periodontology can facilitate the translation of high-quality evidence into routine periodontal practice and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Frantsve-Hawley
- University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, Illinois, USA.,DentaQuest Partnership for Oral Health Advancement, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Satish S Kumar
- Arizona School of Dentistry and Oral Health (ASDOH), A.T. Still University, Arizona, USA
| | - D Brad Rindal
- HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert J Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Assessing Stakeholder Perceptions of the Utility of Genetic Information for the Clinical Care of Mental Health Disorders: We Have a Will but Need to See the Way. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2020; 48:363-376. [PMID: 32564165 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-020-01058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Academic stakeholders' (primarily mental health researchers and clinicians) practices and attitudes related to the translation of genetic information into mental health care were assessed. A three-part survey was administered at two large, urban universities. Response frequencies were calculated. Participants (N = 64) reported moderate levels of translational practice, adequate levels of genetic knowledge, and variable levels of genetic competence. They held positive attitudes toward translating genetic information about mental health broadly but negative attitudes about the impact that such information would have on specific aspects of care. The current study lays the groundwork for further inquiry into translating genetic information to mental health care.
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Academia Europaea Position Paper on Translational Medicine: The Cycle Model for Translating Scientific Results into Community Benefits. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051532. [PMID: 32438747 PMCID: PMC7290380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Translational science has gained prominence in medicine, but there is still much work to be done before scientific results are used optimally and incorporated into everyday health practice. As the main focus is still on generating new scientific data with financial resources primarily available for that purpose, other activities that are necessary in the transition from research to community benefit are considered less needy. The European Statistical Office of the European Commission has recently reported that 1.7 million people under 75 years of age died in Europe in 2016, with around 1.2 million of those deaths being avoidable through effective primary prevention and public health intervention. Therefore, Academia Europaea, one of the five Pan-European networks that form SAPEA (Science Advice for Policy by European Academies), a key element of the European Commission’s Scientific Advice Mechanism (SAM), has launched a project to develop a model to facilitate and accelerate the utilisation of scientific knowledge for public and community benefit. Methods: During the process, leaders in the field, including prominent basic and clinical researchers, editors-in-chief of high-impact journals publishing translational research articles, translational medicine (TM) centre leaders, media representatives, academics and university leaders, developed the TM cycle, a new model that we believe could significantly advance the development of TM. Results: This model focuses equally on the acquisition of new scientific results healthcare, understandable and digestible summation of results, and their communication to all participants. We have also renewed the definition in TM, identified challenges and recommended solutions. Conclusion: The authors, including senior officers of Academia Europaea, produced this document to serve as a basis for revising thinking on TM with the end result of enabling more efficient and cost-effective healthcare.
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Dechert T. Translational research: turning research into advocacy. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 4:e000416. [PMID: 31922019 PMCID: PMC6937420 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The social determinants of health are increasingly being recognized within the trauma community. These determinants are major drivers of health and have a huge impact on access to surgery and surgical disparities. As trauma surgeons, we continue to struggle with optimizing care for our patients with many social needs and struggle with trauma as a chronic disease. As we are now using public health approaches to combat complex issues such as gun violence, it is ideal to view our work in a wider context which includes addressing the root causes of trauma and advocating for our patients and our communities. In addition, we need to teach and mentor this broader approach for our students and residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Dechert
- Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Castner J, Amiri A, Huntington-Moskos L. Applying the NIEHS translational research framework (NIEHS-TRF) to map clinical environmental health research trajectories. Nurs Outlook 2020; 68:301-312. [PMID: 32273105 PMCID: PMC9875864 DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: There is a need for comprehensive planning tools and exemplars for clinical environmental health research programs. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Translational Research Framework (NIEHS-TRF), as a comprehensive research activity mapping framework, promises to fill this gap in program planning and communication tools. Objective: The objective is a proof of concept demonstration to apply the NIEHS-TRF as a research project and career trajectory cartography framework. Methods: We utilized case series examples to apply the NIEHS-TRF as a project/career cartography framework. After a tailored research mission statement is clarified, the four step process in the NIEHS-TRF application includes 1) identifying research categories and activities (depicted visually by rings/nodes) that link to research program deliverables, 2) within each category (visual ring), linking specific works and program outcomes to activities (visual nodes), 3) coherently depicting visually as an overall map, and 4) developing recommended improvements for the NIEHS-TRF for research program cartography utility. Results: Successful mapping of a research project plan in a training grant application, a summary of an individual trajectory of research, and a community-initiated project was completed with mapping visualizations. The exercise facilitated purposeful planning and communication to describe common translational goals, progress, and targeted need for interdisciplinary collaboration. Discussion: Utilizing the NIEHS-TRF as a mapping tool for research program planning enabled unique insights into strengths, gaps, collaboration opportunities, and applications for environmental health nursing. This research project, career, and community-initiated research program trajectory mapping communication tool promises to accelerate impact and advancement through purposeful and clear planning for ongoing research activities along the translational continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azita Amiri
- College of Nursing, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
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Crook ED, Pierre K, Arrieta MA. Identifying and Overcoming Roadblocks that Limit the Translation of Research Findings to the Achievement of Health Equity. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2019; 30:43-51. [PMID: 31735717 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2019.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Almost two decades ago, the Institute of Medicine's Clinical Research Roundtable commented on the major challenges of moving health related basic science discovery to the clinical setting. The roadblocks identified included challenges in evaluating a discovery's application to human disease, and, if justified, getting that application out to the general population. The obstacles to achieving this translation of discovery to improvements in human health remain today and are most evident in populations at highest risk for inequitably poor health. We address four potential roadblocks which, if solved, will have a great impact on achieving health equity. They are expanding the definition of basic discovery to include all facets of health disparities science, understanding the daily factors that affect a community's well-being, including diverse populations in clinical trials, and training the right scientists to perform the community-engaged research required to move discovery to application in the community.
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18
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Kuhlman KR, Urizar GG, Robles TF, Yim IS, Schetter CD. Testing plausible biopsychosocial models in diverse community samples: Common pitfalls and strategies. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 107:191-200. [PMID: 31150964 PMCID: PMC6635037 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It is imperative that research interrogating the biological pathways linking stress processes to health continue to translate the results of basic, preclinical experimental research to diverse and under-represented populations, particularly those at elevated risk for morbidity and mortality. Conducting research within these populations and in community settings involves a number of challenges that ultimately contribute to their rarity and uneven quality in the scientific literature. In this review, we summarize the experiences and insights of members of an expert panel on this topic held at the 2018 meeting of the International Society of Psychoneuroendocrinology in Newport Beach, CA. The goals of the session were to identify challenges and share strategies for testing plausible biopsychosocial models within diverse community samples in order to encourage others and improve future research. The present paper is organized into three themes: 1) Recruitment and retention, 2) Collecting biological samples outside of the laboratory, 3) Data analysis, interpretation, and dissemination. Our goal in composing this overview of the conference session was to share within the field of psychoneuroendocrinology the challenges inherent in translating basic research to community populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Ryan Kuhlman
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697 USA; Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095 USA.
| | - Guido G. Urizar
- Department of Psychology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, 90840 USA
| | - Theodore F. Robles
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095 USA
| | - Ilona S. Yim
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, 92697 USA
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19
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Heo M, Meissner P, Litwin AH, Arnsten JH, McKee MD, Karasz A, McKinley P, Rehm CD, Chambers EC, Yeh MC, Wylie-Rosett J. Preference option randomized design (PORD) for comparative effectiveness research: Statistical power for testing comparative effect, preference effect, selection effect, intent-to-treat effect, and overall effect. Stat Methods Med Res 2019; 28:626-640. [PMID: 29121828 PMCID: PMC6834113 DOI: 10.1177/0962280217734584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Comparative effectiveness research trials in real-world settings may require participants to choose between preferred intervention options. A randomized clinical trial with parallel experimental and control arms is straightforward and regarded as a gold standard design, but by design it forces and anticipates the participants to comply with a randomly assigned intervention regardless of their preference. Therefore, the randomized clinical trial may impose impractical limitations when planning comparative effectiveness research trials. To accommodate participants' preference if they are expressed, and to maintain randomization, we propose an alternative design that allows participants' preference after randomization, which we call a "preference option randomized design (PORD)". In contrast to other preference designs, which ask whether or not participants consent to the assigned intervention after randomization, the crucial feature of preference option randomized design is its unique informed consent process before randomization. Specifically, the preference option randomized design consent process informs participants that they can opt out and switch to the other intervention only if after randomization they actively express the desire to do so. Participants who do not independently express explicit alternate preference or assent to the randomly assigned intervention are considered to not have an alternate preference. In sum, preference option randomized design intends to maximize retention, minimize possibility of forced assignment for any participants, and to maintain randomization by allowing participants with no or equal preference to represent random assignments. This design scheme enables to define five effects that are interconnected with each other through common design parameters-comparative, preference, selection, intent-to-treat, and overall/as-treated-to collectively guide decision making between interventions. Statistical power functions for testing all these effects are derived, and simulations verified the validity of the power functions under normal and binomial distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonseong Heo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Paul Meissner
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alain H Litwin
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Julia H Arnsten
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - M Diane McKee
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alison Karasz
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Paula McKinley
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Colin D Rehm
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Office of Community and Population Health, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Earle C Chambers
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ming-Chin Yeh
- Nutrition Program, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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20
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Gohar F, Gohar A, Hülskamp G, Debus O. The Translational Medicine Professional: A Bridge Between Bench and Bedside? Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:294. [PMID: 30386781 PMCID: PMC6200148 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Faekah Gohar
- Department of Paediatrics, Clemenshospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Aisha Gohar
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Georg Hülskamp
- Department of Paediatrics, Clemenshospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Otfried Debus
- Department of Paediatrics, Clemenshospital, Münster, Germany
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21
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Pettibone KG, Balshaw DM, Dilworth C, Drew CH, Hall JE, Heacock M, Latoni AR, McAllister KA, O'Fallon LR, Thompson C, Walker NJ, Wolfe MS, Wright DS, Collman GW. Expanding the Concept of Translational Research: Making a Place for Environmental Health Sciences. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:074501. [PMID: 30024381 PMCID: PMC6108854 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) introduces a new translational research framework that builds upon previous biomedical models to create a more comprehensive and integrated environmental health paradigm. The framework was developed as a graphical construct that illustrates the complexity of designing, implementing, and tracking translational research in environmental health. We conceptualize translational research as a series of concentric rings and nodes, defining "translation" as movement either from one ring to another or between nodes on a ring. A "Fundamental Questions" ring expands upon the research described in other frameworks as "basic" to include three interrelated concepts critical to basic science research: research questions, experimental settings, and organisms. This feature enables us to capture more granularity and thus facilitates an approach for categorizing translational research and its growth over time. We anticipate that the framework will help researchers develop compelling long-term translational research stories and accelerate public health impacts by clearly mapping out opportunities for collaborations. By using this paradigm, researchers everywhere will be better positioned to design research programs, identify research partners based on cross-disciplinary research needs, identify stakeholders who are likely to use the research for environmental decision-making and intervention, and track progress toward common goals. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3657.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristianna G Pettibone
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David M Balshaw
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Caroline Dilworth
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina H Drew
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Janet E Hall
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michelle Heacock
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alfonso R Latoni
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kimberly A McAllister
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Liam R O'Fallon
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claudia Thompson
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nigel J Walker
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary S Wolfe
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Demia S Wright
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gwen W Collman
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Durham, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Han X, Williams SR, Zuckerman BL. A snapshot of translational research funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH): A case study using behavioral and social science research awards and Clinical and Translational Science Awards funded publications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196545. [PMID: 29742129 PMCID: PMC5942790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation of biomedical research from basic knowledge to application has been a priority at the National Institute of Health (NIH) for many years. Tracking the progress of scientific research and knowledge through the translational process is difficult due to variation in the definition of translational research as well as the identification of benchmarks for the spread and application of biomedical research; quantitatively tracking this process is even more difficult. Using a simple and reproducible method to assess whether publications are translational, we examined NIH R01 behavioral and social science research (BSSR) awards funded between 2008 and 2014 to determine whether there are differences in the percent of translational research publications produced by basic and applied research awards. We also assessed the percent of translational research publications produced by the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program to evaluate whether targeted translational research awards result in increased translational research. We found that 3.9% of publications produced by basic research awards were translational; that the percent of translational research publications produced by applied research awards is approximately double that of basic research awards (7.4%); and that targeted translational research awards from the CTSA program produced the highest percentage of translational research publications (13.4%). In addition, we assessed differences in time to first publication, time to first citation, and publication quality by award type (basic vs. applied), and whether an award (or publication) is translational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Han
- Science and Technology Policy Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Sharon R. Williams
- Science and Technology Policy Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Brian L. Zuckerman
- Science and Technology Policy Institute, Washington DC, United States of America
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23
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Strong MJ, Busing N, Goosney DL, Harris KA, Horsley T, Kuzyk A, Lingard L, Norman WV, Rosenblum ND, Saryeddine T, Wang X. The Rising Challenge of Training Physician-Scientists: Recommendations From a Canadian National Consensus Conference. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2018; 93:172-178. [PMID: 28817429 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000001857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Physician-scientists are individuals who actively participate in patient care, have undergone additional research training, and devote the majority of their time to research. Physician-scientists are traditionally the primary catalysts in bridging the translational gap-that is, the failure to link fundamental new knowledge in the pathobiology of disease with advances in health care and health policy in a timely manner. However, there has been a shift away from training physician-scientists, and financial support for the physician-scientist is diminishing globally, causing the translational gap to grow. Given its socialized health care system and cultural and geographic diversity, Canada can serve as a unique case study in understanding how to address this phenomenon as a national priority. To this end, a Canadian national consensus conference was convened to develop recommendations for training programs and early-career supports for physician-scientists. Five recommendations were generated: (1) Establish an independent, national council whose mandate is to provide pan-Canadian oversight of physician-scientist training programs; (2) develop capacity for funding and mentorship support for physician-scientists; (3) develop coherent networks across a broad range of clinician-scientists, including physician-scientists, to reflect the unique cultural and geographic diversity of Canada and to reflect the interdisciplinarity of health research; (4) ensure that medical school curricula integrate, as a core curriculum feature, an understanding of the scientific basis of health care, including research methodologies; and (5) ensure that the funding of the physician-scientist trainee is viewed as portable and distinct from the operational funding provided to the training program itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Strong
- M.J. Strong is professor of clinical neurological sciences and dean, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. N. Busing is project lead, Future of Medical Education in Canada Postgraduate Project, and family physician, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. D.L. Goosney is executive director, Tri-agency Institutional Programs Secretariat, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. K.A. Harris is executive director, Office of Specialty Education, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. T. Horsley is associate director, Research Unit, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. A. Kuzyk was the 2015-2016 president, Clinical Investigator Trainee Association of Canada (CITAC), and is an MD/PhD candidate, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. L. Lingard is professor and director, Center for Education Research & Innovation, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada. W.V. Norman is associate professor and director, Clinician Scholar Program, Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. N.D. Rosenblum is professor and Canada Research Chair in Developmental Nephrology, Department of Paediatrics, and associate dean, Physician Scientist Training, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. T. Saryeddine is executive director of research and innovation, HealthCareCAN, and adjunct professor, Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. X. Wang is an MD/PhD candidate, University of Toronto, and was the 2014-2015 president, CITAC, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Mamzer MF, Duchange N, Darquy S, Marvanne P, Rambaud C, Marsico G, Cerisey C, Scotté F, Burgun A, Badoual C, Laurent-Puig P, Hervé C. Partnering with patients in translational oncology research: ethical approach. J Transl Med 2017; 15:74. [PMID: 28390420 PMCID: PMC5385033 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1177-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The research program CARPEM (cancer research and personalized medicine) brings together the expertise of researchers and hospital-based oncologists to develop translational research in the context of personalized or “precision” medicine for cancer. There is recognition that patient involvement can help to take into account their needs and priorities in the development of this emerging practice but there is currently no consensus about how this can be achieved. In this study, we developed an empirical ethical research action aiming to improve patient representatives’ involvement in the development of the translational research program together with health professionals. The aim is to promote common understanding and sharing of knowledge between all parties and to establish a long-term partnership integrating patient’s expectations. Methods Two distinct committees were settled in CARPEM: an “Expert Committee”, gathering healthcare and research professionals, and a “Patient Committee”, gathering patients and patient representatives. A multidisciplinary team trained in medical ethics research ensured communication between the two committees as well as analysis of discussions, minutes and outputs from all stakeholders. Results The results highlight the efficiency of the transfer of knowledge between interested parties. Patient representatives and professionals were able to identify new ethical challenges and co-elaborate new procedures to gather information and consent forms for adapting to practices and recommendations developed during the process. Moreover, included patient representatives became full partners and participated in the transfer of knowledge to the public via conferences and publications. Conclusions Empirical ethical research based on a patient-centered approach could help in establishing a fair model for coordination and support actions during cancer research, striking a balance between the regulatory framework, researcher needs and patient expectations. Our approach addresses the concept of translational ethics as a way to handle the main remaining gap between combining care and research activities in the medical pathway and the existing framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Mamzer
- Laboratoire d'Ethique Médicale et Médecine Légale EA4569, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France. .,Unité fonctionnelle d'éthique et médecine légale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Nathalie Duchange
- Laboratoire d'Ethique Médicale et Médecine Légale EA4569, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sylviane Darquy
- Laboratoire d'Ethique Médicale et Médecine Légale EA4569, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | | | - Claude Rambaud
- Collectif Interassociatif Sur la Santé (CISS), 75007, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Florian Scotté
- Laboratoire d'Ethique Médicale et Médecine Légale EA4569, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France.,Soins de support, Service de cancérologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anita Burgun
- Département d'informatique médicale, de biostatistique et de santé publique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015, Paris, France.,UMR-S 1138, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, 75006, Paris, France.,Faculté de médecine Paris Descartes, Sorbonne universités, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Badoual
- Centre de Ressources biologiques, Service d'anatomo-pathologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Inserm UMR-S 1147, Université Paris Descartes, 75006, Paris, France.,Service de Biochimie Pharmacogénétique et Oncologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Christian Hervé
- Laboratoire d'Ethique Médicale et Médecine Légale EA4569, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France
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25
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Surkis A, Hogle JA, DiazGranados D, Hunt JD, Mazmanian PE, Connors E, Westaby K, Whipple EC, Adamus T, Mueller M, Aphinyanaphongs Y. Classifying publications from the clinical and translational science award program along the translational research spectrum: a machine learning approach. J Transl Med 2016; 14:235. [PMID: 27492440 PMCID: PMC4974725 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translational research is a key area of focus of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), as demonstrated by the substantial investment in the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program. The goal of the CTSA program is to accelerate the translation of discoveries from the bench to the bedside and into communities. Different classification systems have been used to capture the spectrum of basic to clinical to population health research, with substantial differences in the number of categories and their definitions. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the CTSA program and of translational research in general is hampered by the lack of rigor in these definitions and their application. This study adds rigor to the classification process by creating a checklist to evaluate publications across the translational spectrum and operationalizes these classifications by building machine learning-based text classifiers to categorize these publications. METHODS Based on collaboratively developed definitions, we created a detailed checklist for categories along the translational spectrum from T0 to T4. We applied the checklist to CTSA-linked publications to construct a set of coded publications for use in training machine learning-based text classifiers to classify publications within these categories. The training sets combined T1/T2 and T3/T4 categories due to low frequency of these publication types compared to the frequency of T0 publications. We then compared classifier performance across different algorithms and feature sets and applied the classifiers to all publications in PubMed indexed to CTSA grants. To validate the algorithm, we manually classified the articles with the top 100 scores from each classifier. RESULTS The definitions and checklist facilitated classification and resulted in good inter-rater reliability for coding publications for the training set. Very good performance was achieved for the classifiers as represented by the area under the receiver operating curves (AUC), with an AUC of 0.94 for the T0 classifier, 0.84 for T1/T2, and 0.92 for T3/T4. CONCLUSIONS The combination of definitions agreed upon by five CTSA hubs, a checklist that facilitates more uniform definition interpretation, and algorithms that perform well in classifying publications along the translational spectrum provide a basis for establishing and applying uniform definitions of translational research categories. The classification algorithms allow publication analyses that would not be feasible with manual classification, such as assessing the distribution and trends of publications across the CTSA network and comparing the categories of publications and their citations to assess knowledge transfer across the translational research spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Surkis
- Health Sciences Library, NYU School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Janice A. Hogle
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | | | - Joe D. Hunt
- Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | | | - Emily Connors
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA
| | - Kate Westaby
- Wisconsin Partnership Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Whipple
- Ruth Lilly Medical Library, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Trisha Adamus
- Ebling Library for the Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Meridith Mueller
- Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA
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Effectiveness versus Efficacy of Calabadion and Sugammadex for Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Reversal. Anesthesiology 2016; 124:1417. [PMID: 27187129 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hostiuc S, Moldoveanu A, Dascălu MI, Unnthorsson R, Jóhannesson ÓI, Marcus I. Translational research-the need of a new bioethics approach. J Transl Med 2016; 14:16. [PMID: 26767499 PMCID: PMC4714424 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational research tries to apply findings from basic science to enhance human health and well-being. Many phases of the translational research may include non-medical tasks (information technology, engineering, nanotechnology, biochemistry, animal research, economy, sociology, psychology, politics, and so on). Using common bioethics principles to these areas might sometimes be not feasible, or even impossible. However, the whole process must respect some fundamental, moral principles. The purpose of this paper is to argument the need for a different approach to the morality in translational bioethics, and to suggest some directions that might be followed when constructing such a bioethics. We will show that a new approach is needed and present a few ethical issues that are specific to the translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Hostiuc
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania.
- National Institute of Legal Medicine, Bucharest, Romania.
- Sos.Vitan Barzesti 9, Sector 4, 042122, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alin Moldoveanu
- Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria-Iuliana Dascălu
- Department of Engineering in Foreign Languages, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Runar Unnthorsson
- Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | | | - Ioan Marcus
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Maurana CA, Lucey PA, Ahmed SM, Kerschner JE, Bolton GA, Raymond JR. The Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin Endowment: How a Health Care Conversion Foundation Is Transforming a Medical School. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2016; 91:42-47. [PMID: 26445084 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000000924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Health care conversion foundations, such as the Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin Endowment (the endowment) at the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), result from the conversion of nonprofit health organizations to for-profit corporations. Over the past several decades, nearly 200 of these foundations have been created, and they have had a substantial impact on the field of health philanthropy. The MCW was a recipient of funds resulting from Blue Cross & Blue Shield United of Wisconsin's conversion from a nonprofit to a for-profit status in 1999. Established in 2004, the endowment has invested approximately $185 million in 337 research, education, and public and community health initiatives that benefit Wisconsin residents. However, the transformative potential of the health care conversion foundation has extended well beyond the opportunities provided through the endowment's financial resources. As the endowment celebrates its 10th anniversary, the authors describe the transformative nature of the endowment, as well as significant accomplishments and lessons learned, in the following areas: shared power, community partnerships, translational research, and integration of medicine and public health. It is the authors' hope that these lessons will be valuable to other medical schools and the communities they serve, as they invest in improving the health of their communities, irrespective of the funding source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A Maurana
- C.A. Maurana is professor of population health, vice president for academic outreach, and director, Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin (AHW) Endowment, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a member of the AHW Endowment Medical College of Wisconsin Consortium on Public and Community Health. P.A. Lucey is chair, AHW Endowment Medical College of Wisconsin Consortium on Public and Community Health, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. S.M. Ahmed is professor of family and community medicine, senior associate dean for community engagement, director, Healthier Wisconsin Partnership Program, and director of the community engagement key function, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. J.E. Kerschner is professor of otolaryngology and communication sciences, executive vice president, and dean, School of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a member of the AHW Endowment Medical College of Wisconsin Consortium on Public and Community Health. G.A. Bolton Jr was senior vice president and chief operating officer, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a member of the AHW Endowment Medical College of Wisconsin Consortium on Public and Community Health, at the time of the writing. The author is currently vice president for financial affairs and administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. J.R. Raymond Sr is professor of medicine, president, and chief executive officer, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and a member of the AHW Endowment Medical College of Wisconsin Consortium on Public and Community Health
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Translational research in kidney transplantation and the role of patient engagement. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2015; 2:42. [PMID: 26543564 PMCID: PMC4634742 DOI: 10.1186/s40697-015-0077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Translational research is an evolving discipline that is intended to bridge the gaps between basic science research, clinical research, and implementation in clinical practice. It is a fluid, multidirectional process that requires strong interdisciplinary collaboration to produce research that is relevant to end-users. Purpose of this review This review summarizes current perspectives on translational research and outlines its relevance and importance to kidney transplantation research. Sources of information Sources of information used for this review include published reports, articles, and research funding websites. Findings Tissue typing is used as an in-depth example of how translational research has been applied in the field of kidney transplant medicine, and how it has resulted in successful implementation of diagnostic and management options for sensitized individuals undergoing kidney transplantation. The value of actively involving kidney transplant stakeholders (patients, caregivers, and clinicians) in setting research priorities and determining relevant outcomes for future investigation is also discussed. Limitations This is a narrative review of the literature which has been partly influenced by the perspectives and experiences of its authors. Implications Translational and patient-oriented research practices should be incorporated into future research endeavours in the field of kidney transplantation in order to create beneficial change in clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. What was known before Translational research which engages patients in the investigative process can enhance the likelihood that medical discoveries will have a meaningful impact at the bedside. What this adds This article applies current perspectives on translational research and patient engagement to the field of kidney transplantation, illustrating how these approaches have led to significant advancements in the field. It provides further justification for deliberate, targeted efforts to cross-collaborate and incorporate the patient voice into kidney transplant research.
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Brown ER, Smith JL, Thoman DB, Allen JM, Muragishi G. From Bench to Bedside: A communal utility value intervention to enhance students' biomedical science motivation. JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 107:1116-1135. [PMID: 26617417 PMCID: PMC4657866 DOI: 10.1037/edu0000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Motivating students to pursue science careers is a top priority among many science educators. We add to the growing literature by examining the impact of a utility value intervention to enhance student's perceptions that biomedical science affords important utility work values. Using an expectancy-value perspective we identify and test two types of utility value: communal (other-oriented) and agentic (self-oriented). The culture of science is replete with examples emphasizing high levels of agentic value, but communal values are often (stereotyped as) absent from science. However, people in general want an occupation that has communal utility. We predicted and found that an intervention emphasizing the communal utility value of biomedical research increased students' motivation for biomedical science (Studies 1-3). We refined whether different types of communal utility value (working with, helping, and forming relationships with others) might be more or less important, demonstrating that helping others was an especially important predictor of student motivation (Study 2). Adding agentic utility value to biomedical research did not further increase student motivation (Study 3). Furthermore, the communal value intervention indirectly impacted students' motivation because students believed that biomedical research was communal and thus subsequently more important (Studies 1-3). This is key, because enhancing student communal value beliefs about biomedical research (Studies 1-3) and science (Study 4) was associated both with momentary increases in motivation in experimental settings (Studies 1-3) and increased motivation over time among students highly identified with biomedicine (Study 4). We discuss recommendations for science educators, practitioners, and faculty mentors who want to broaden participation in science.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dustin B. Thoman
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach
| | | | - Gregg Muragishi
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach
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Brown ER, Thoman DB, Smith JL, Diekman AB. Closing the Communal Gap: The Importance of Communal Affordances in Science Career Motivation. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 45:662-673. [PMID: 26806983 DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To remain competitive in the global economy, the United States (and other countries) is trying to broaden participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) by graduating an additional 1 million people in STEM fields by 2018. Although communion (working with, helping, and caring for others) is a basic human need, STEM careers are often (mis)perceived as being uncommunal. Across three naturalistic studies we found greater support for the communal affordance hypothesis, that perceiving STEM careers as affording greater communion is associated with greater STEM career interest, than two alternative hypotheses derived from goal congruity theory. Importantly, these findings held regardless of major (Study 1), college enrollment (Study 2), and gender (Studies 1-3). For undergraduate research assistants, mid-semester beliefs that STEM affords communion predicted end of the semester STEM motivation (Study 3). Our data highlight the importance of educational and workplace motivational interventions targeting communal affordances beliefs about STEM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dustin B Thoman
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach
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Ammerman A, Smith TW, Calancie L. Practice-Based Evidence in Public Health: Improving Reach, Relevance, and Results. Annu Rev Public Health 2014; 35:47-63. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ammerman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7426; , ,
| | - Tosha Woods Smith
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7426; , ,
| | - Larissa Calancie
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7426; , ,
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Ganesh SK, Arnett DK, Assimes TL, Basson CT, Chakravarti A, Ellinor PT, Engler MB, Goldmuntz E, Herrington DM, Hershberger RE, Hong Y, Johnson JA, Kittner SJ, McDermott DA, Meschia JF, Mestroni L, O’Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Vasan RS, Ruel M, Shen WK, Terzic A, Waldman SA. Genetics and Genomics for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Update. Circulation 2013; 128:2813-51. [DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437913.98912.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhou J, Wu D, Liu X, Yuan S, Yang X, Wang X. Translational medicine as a permanent glue and force of clinical medicine and public health: perspectives (1) from 2012 Sino-American symposium on clinical and translational medicine. Clin Transl Med 2012; 1:21. [PMID: 23369646 PMCID: PMC3560983 DOI: 10.1186/2001-1326-1-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstracts Health systems globally face challenges and opportunities in balancing quality, access, and cost, where clinical and translational medicine (CTM) should play more important and powerful roles in the identification, development and validation of solutions and strategies. Strategic collaboration can gather global strengths and resources and improve health systems, care delivery, regulations and policies. CTM-driven innovation and development has the potential to achieve step-change improvements across three dimensions. Thus, we have the reasons to believe that CTM will play even more roles in the development of new diagnostics, therapies, healthcare, and policies and SAS-CTM will become more and more important platform to obtain the latest development in CTM internationally and explore new opportunities in the international collaborations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebai Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fudan University School of Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Waldman SA, Terzic A. Clinical pharmacology at the core of translational science. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2012; 4:303-5. [PMID: 22114776 DOI: 10.1586/ecp.11.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Waldman SA, Terzic A. Patient-centric clinical pharmacology advances the path to personalized medicine. Biomark Med 2012; 5:697-700. [PMID: 22103605 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.11.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, 132 South 10th Street, 1170 Main Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, 200, First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Terzic
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Terzic A, Alekseev AE, Yamada S, Reyes S, Olson TM. Advances in cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ channelopathies from molecules to populations. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2011; 4:577-85. [PMID: 21846889 DOI: 10.1161/circep.110.957662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre Terzic
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Hamilton MD, Cola PA, Terchek JJ, Werner JJ, Stange KC. A novel protocol for streamlined IRB review of Practice-based Research Network (PBRN) card studies. J Am Board Fam Med 2011; 24:605-9. [PMID: 21900445 PMCID: PMC4331110 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2011.05.110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The "card study," in which clinicians record brief information about patient visits during usual clinical care, has long been a rapid method for conducting descriptive studies in practice-based research networks. Because an increasingly stringent regulatory environment has made conducting card studies difficult, we developed a streamlined method for obtaining card study institutional review board (IRB) approval. METHODS We developed a protocol for a study of the card study method, allowing new card study proposals of specific research questions to be submitted as addenda to the approved Card Study Protocol. RESULTS Seven card studies were proposed and approved under the Card Study Protocol during the first year after implementation, contrasted with one-card study proposed in the previous year. New card study ideas submitted as addenda to an approved protocol appeared to increase IRB comfort with the card study as a minimal risk method while reducing the hurdles to developing new study ideas. CONCLUSIONS A Card Study Protocol allowing new study questions to be submitted as addenda decreases time between idea generation and IRB approval. Shortened turn-around times may be useful for translating ideas into action while reducing regulatory burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D Hamilton
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Division, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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Waldman SA, Terzic A. Clinical translational science 2020: disruptive innovation redefines the discovery-application enterprise. Clin Transl Sci 2011; 4:69-71. [PMID: 21348959 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Terzic A, Waldman SA. Translational medicine: path to personalized and public health. Biomark Med 2011; 4:787-90. [PMID: 21133696 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Waldman SA, Terzic A. Bionic technologies transforming the science of healthcare delivery. Clin Transl Sci 2011; 4:84-6. [PMID: 21463492 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Arrell DK, Zlatkovic Lindor J, Yamada S, Terzic A. K(ATP) channel-dependent metaboproteome decoded: systems approaches to heart failure prediction, diagnosis, and therapy. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 90:258-66. [PMID: 21321057 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systems biology provides an integrative platform by which to account for the biological complexity related to cardiac health and disease. In this way, consequences of ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel deficiency for heart failure prediction, diagnosis, and therapy were resolved recently at a proteomic level. Under stress-free conditions, knockout of the Kir6.2 K(ATP) channel pore induced metabolic proteome remodelling, revealing overrepresentation of markers of cardiovascular disease. Imposed stress precipitated structural and functional defects in Kir6.2-knockout hearts, decreasing survival and validating prediction of disease susceptibility. In the setting of hypertension, a leading risk for heart failure development, proteomic analysis diagnosed the metabolism-centric impact of K(ATP) channel deficiency in disease. Bioinformatic interrogation of K(ATP) channel-dependent proteome prioritized heart-specific adverse effects, exposing cardiomyopathic traits of aggravated contractility, fibrosis, and ventricular hypertrophy. In dilated cardiomyopathy induced by Kir6.2-knockout pressure overload, proteomic remodelling was exacerbated, underlying a multifaceted molecular pathology that indicates the necessity for a broad-based strategy to achieve repair. Embryonic stem cell intervention in cardiomyopathic K(ATP) channel knockout hearts elicited a distinct proteome signature that forecast amelioration of adverse cardiac outcomes. Functional/structural measurements validated improved contractile performance, reduced ventricular size, and decreased cardiac damage in the treated cohort, while systems assessment unmasked cardiovascular development as a prioritized biological function in stem cell-reconstructed hearts. Thus, proteomic deconvolution of K(ATP) channel-deficient hearts provides definitive evidence for the channel's homeostatic contribution to the cardiac metaboproteome and establishes the utility of systems-oriented approaches to predict disease susceptibility, diagnose consequences of heart failure progression, and monitor therapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kent Arrell
- Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Mayo Clinic, Stabile 5, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
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