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van der Weyden L, Avenant A, O’Dell N. Cutaneous Plasmacytoma with Systemic Metastases in a Cape Serotine Bat ( Laephotis capensis). Vet Sci 2024; 11:72. [PMID: 38393090 PMCID: PMC10892064 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite their relatively long life-spans, reports of neoplasia in bats are rare and are limited to a handful of cases. In this report, we describe a 2-year-old female wild Cape serotine bat (Laephotis capensis) that had been caught by a domestic cat and presented with a skin mass over the chest area. Histopathological analysis of a subsequent biopsy revealed proliferating sheets of neoplastic round cells, occasionally appearing to form packets, supported by a fine, fibrovascular stroma. Marked nuclear pleomorphism was seen, as well as a high mitotic count. Immunohistochemistry displayed positive labelling for MUM1 in the neoplastic cells. The diagnosis was extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP); a neoplasm consisting of plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes. Due to a deteriorating condition, the bat was anaesthetised, and the mass was surgically removed two weeks later. However, the bat succumbed under the anaesthetic. Histopathological examination of the mass showed the same neoplastic cell population as observed in the biopsy; in addition, there was a locally extensive infiltration of neoplastic cells in the spleen and a mild presence of neoplastic cells in circulation. This is the first report of an EMP in a bat, and we compare the findings with that seen in dogs and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alida Avenant
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;
| | - Nicolize O’Dell
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa;
- Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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WU CC, HUANG WH, LIAO PW, CHANG YP. Diagnosis of meningeal melanomatosis in a dog using magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid findings. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:94-99. [PMID: 33250483 PMCID: PMC7870402 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 13-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with severe progressive tetraparesis. The neuroanatomic localization was the C1-C5 spinal cord segments with brainstem or cranial nerve involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse T1-weighted and T2-weighted hyperintense lesions with strong contrast enhancement spreading through meninges of the cervical spinal cord and the brain. Few small round areas showing T1-weighted hyperintensity and T2-weighted hypointensity were scattered within the lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed neoplastic round cells and possible melanocytes. Malignant melanoma was suspected. At necropsy, the brain and the entire spinal cord were covered with thick, dark membranous tissue. Based on histopathologic findings, a positive response against Melan-A, and no melanoma identified outside the central nervous system, primary meningeal melanomatosis was diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching WU
- National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang HUANG
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen LIAO
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Pei CHANG
- National Taiwan University Veterinary Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Tamura Y, Chambers JK, Neo S, Goto-Koshino Y, Takagi S, Uneyama M, Uchida K, Hisasue M. Primary duodenal plasmacytoma with associated primary (amyloid light-chain) amyloidosis in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2020; 6:2055116920957194. [PMID: 33014408 PMCID: PMC7513395 DOI: 10.1177/2055116920957194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 14-year-old spayed female American Shorthair cat was presented with weight loss and a
palpable abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasound and CT revealed a duodenal mass with
suspected perforation and an enlarged jejunal lymph node. Cytological evaluation from a
fine-needle aspiration of the abdominal mass displayed many atypical round cells, some
with a small amount of light pink material at the cellular edge. The duodenal mass was
surgically removed, and was diagnosed as a plasma cell tumour immunohistochemically
positive for CD79 alpha, IgA and lambda immunoglobulin light chains. In addition,
amyloidosis was detected. PCR to assess the antigen receptor rearrangement of the tumour
cells showed a monoclonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene.
Postoperatively, the cat received chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.
Owing to progressive enlargement of the jejunal lymph node, different chemotherapy
protocols were used sequentially, namely chlorambucil, lomustine and L-asparaginase.
However, the cat died 96 days after the initial diagnosis. Post-mortem examination
confirmed systemic dissemination of tumour cells. The cause of death was considered to
be a result of a complication of the tumour itself and associated amyloidosis. Relevance and novel information This patient was diagnosed with a primary duodenal plasmacytoma, and primary (amyloid
light-chain) amyloidosis. In cats, intestinal plasmacytoma is rarely reported and
associated amyloidosis is an uncommon feature, when compared with humans. To our
knowledge, this is the first clinical report of duodenal plasmacytoma in a cat. The
present report shows that feline plasmacytomas should be included in the differential
diagnosis of a duodenal mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tamura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakurako Neo
- Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Goto-Koshino
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Veterinary Medical Center, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takagi
- Laboratory of Small Animal Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mizuho Uneyama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Hisasue
- Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Sykes SE, Byfield V, Sullivan L, Bender SJ, Moore PF, Sánchez MD. Feline Respiratory Extramedullary Plasmacytoma with Lymph Node Metastasis and Intrahistiocytic Amyloid. J Comp Pathol 2016; 156:173-177. [PMID: 28017340 PMCID: PMC7094673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A 14-year-old domestic longhaired cat presented with a 2-year history of nasal discharge and a recent onset of inappetence and submandibular lymphadenopathy. The cat was humanely destroyed after developing severe respiratory distress. Necropsy examination revealed thickened nasal turbinates and soft palate, and friable red–tan material within the frontal sinus, nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The lungs contained multifocal irregular friable tan nodules. Multiple lymph nodes were enlarged, friable and red–tan in colour. Histopathology revealed a mature type extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) within the frontal sinus, nasal cavity, soft palate, larynx, trachea, lungs and multiple lymph nodes. The lymph nodes and larynx also contained marked granulomatous inflammation with extensive intrahistiocytic (and lesser amounts of extracellular) lambda light chain amyloid, confirmed by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Neoplastic cells expressed CD79a and MUM1. This is the first report of an infiltrative EMP of the feline respiratory tract with lymph node metastasis and predominantly intrahistiocytic amyloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Sykes
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - V Byfield
- Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, 210 Route 206 S., Hillsborough, New Jersey, USA
| | - L Sullivan
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - S J Bender
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P F Moore
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California (Davis), Davis, California, USA
| | - M D Sánchez
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Intracerebral Malignant Plasmacytoma in a Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus). J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:268-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cannon CM, Knudson C, Borgatti A. Clinical Signs, Treatment, and Outcome in Cats with Myeloma-Related Disorder Receiving Systemic Therapy. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2015; 51:239-48. [PMID: 26083436 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myeloma-related disorder (MRD) is an uncommon disease in cats, for which there is no established standard of care. In this retrospective study, we evaluated presentation, response to treatment, and toxicity in cats with MRD receiving systemic treatment. Previously reported prognostic factors were evaluated for their impact on survival in cats receiving chemotherapy. Of fifteen cases identified, thirteen received melphalan or cyclophosphamide +/- corticosteroids as first-line therapy. Chlorambucil was commonly used as rescue therapy in cats with progressive disease, or in cases of chemotherapy-related toxicity with first line agents. Overall response rates were 71% and 83% for melphalan- and cyclophosphamide-treated cats, respectively. Discontinuation of melphalan due to toxicity was common. Survival times for cats initially treated with melphalan or cyclophosphamide were not significantly different (median 252 and 394 days, respectively), and no statistically significant prognostic factors were identified. This study suggests that the combination of cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids is well tolerated and may be considered as first-line therapy for cats with systemic MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Cannon
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
| | - Christina Knudson
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
| | - Antonella Borgatti
- From the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (C.C., A.B.) and School of Statistics (C.K.), University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN
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De Lorenzi D, Mandara MT. The Central Nervous System. CANINE AND FELINE CYTOLOGY 2010. [PMCID: PMC7158334 DOI: 10.1016/b978-141604985-2.50019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Van Wettere AJ, Linder KE, Suter SE, Olby NJ. Solitary Intracerebral Plasmacytoma in a Dog: Microscopic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features. Vet Pathol 2009; 46:949-51. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.08-vp-0012-v-bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A primary intracerebral plasmacytoma was identified in a 7-year-old spayed female Boston Terrier. Grossly, a well-demarcated, 2 cm in diameter, roughly spherical tumor was in the rostral aspect of the left cerebral hemisphere. Histologically, the neoplasm was composed of sheets of round cells with distinct plasmacytoid features and marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. Cells were positive for vimentin, CD18, CD79a, and lambda light-chain, and negative for kappa light chain, cytokeratin, lysozyme, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and S100 protein. Clonally rearranged B-cell antigen receptor genes were detected by PARR (polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangements), confirming clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes. Although primary solitary intracerebral plasmacytoma is rare in dogs and other species, it should be included in the differential diagnosis for central nervous system round-cell neoplasms. Clonality testing can be utilized to support the histological diagnosis of this neoplasm type.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Van Wettere
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606
| | - K. E. Linder
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606
| | - S. E. Suter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606
| | - N. J. Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606
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Appel SL, Moens NMM, Abrams-Ogg ACG, Woods JP, Nykamp S, Bienzle D. Multiple myeloma with central nervous system involvement in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2008; 233:743-7. [PMID: 18764709 DOI: 10.2460/javma.233.5.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 1.5-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was admitted for hind limb locomotor difficulties and signs of pain along the lumbar portion of the vertebral column. At the time of referral, the cat was paraparetic with deficits in the spinal reflexes of the hind limbs. Neuroanatomic localization was at the L6-S2 spinal cord segments, corresponding approximately to the region of the L4-L6 vertebral bodies. CLINICAL FINDINGS Radiography revealed a mixed osteolytic-proliferative lesion within the body of L5 involving the cranial end plate, as well as punctate radiolucencies in the distal portion of the femur. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary spinal cord lesion along with extensive meningeal and nerve root lesions in the area of the L4-L6 vertebral bodies. Cytologic analysis of a bone marrow aspirate from the right trochanteric fossa revealed a substantial plasma cell infiltrate. Analysis of CSF revealed a high protein concentration and morphologically abnormal plasma cells. Urine, but not serum, protein electrophoresis revealed a sharp gamma-globulin peak consistent with a monoclonal band of Bence-Jones proteins. The diagnosis was multiple myeloma. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME The cat was treated with melphalan and prednisolone. A rapid clinical response was reported, and by week 3 after diagnosis, the cat's locomotion and behavior had normalized. However, by month 4, multifocal neurologic deficits were evident. The cat was euthanized at 9 months because of tetraparesis and substantial weight loss. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To our knowledge, this is the first report of myeloma in a cat that had electrophoretically detectable light chain proteinuria but lacked a detectable serum monoclonal gammopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry L Appel
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Mellor PJ, Haugland S, Smith KC, Powell RM, Archer J, Scase TJ, Villiers EJ, McNeil PE, Nixon C, Knott C, Fournier D, Murphy S, Polton GA, Belford C, Philbey AW, Argyle DJ, Herrtage ME, Day MJ. Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Cytologic Analysis of Feline Myeloma-Related Disorders: Further Evidence for Primary Extramedullary Development in the Cat. Vet Pathol 2008; 45:159-73. [DOI: 10.1354/vp.45-2-159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Feline myeloma-related disorders (MRD) are rare neoplasms of plasma cells. The multistep transformation model of myeloma in humans is based on the premise that plasma cells undergo neoplastic transformation primarily within the intramedullary compartment and that over time they become poorly differentiated and metastasize to extramedullary locations. Historically, diagnostic criteria used for human multiple myeloma have been applied to the cat, with the assumption that feline MRD commonly arises in the intramedullary compartment. Our objectives were to describe the features of feline MRD confirmed by cytology, histopathology, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry and to categorize these tumors. A priori hypotheses were 1) tumor category predicts survival and 2) cats with well-differentiated tumors commonly have extramedullary involvement in contrast to human myeloma patients. This multicenter, retrospective study identified 26 MRD cases. There was good agreement between histopathologic and cytologic tumor categorization. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry were shown to be valuable adjunct tests in the diagnosis of MRD. Cats with well-differentiated tumors had increased median survival relative to those with poorly differentiated tumors (254 versus 14 days). We have reported that marked extramedullary involvement at initial clinical presentation is significantly more common in the cat than in human MRD patients. In this study, we demonstrate that cats with well-differentiated tumors more commonly have extramedullary involvement than human myeloma patients with well-differentiated tumors (90% versus 20%, P < 0.0002). These results contrast strongly with the human myeloma model of primary intramedullary neoplastic transformation and suggest that primary extramedullary neoplastic transformation may be more common in feline MRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Mellor
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - S. Haugland
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - K. C. Smith
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK
| | - R. M. Powell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - J. Archer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - T. J. Scase
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - E. J. Villiers
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - C. Nixon
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | | | - G. A. Polton
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Higham Gobion, UK
| | | | - A. W. Philbey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - D. J. Argyle
- Royal Dick School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - M. E. Herrtage
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - M. J. Day
- School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, UK
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Schöniger S, Bridger N, Allenspach K, Mantis P, Rest J, Steeves E. Sinonasal plasmacytoma in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 2007; 19:573-7. [PMID: 17823407 DOI: 10.1177/104063870701900521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 13-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat presented with a history of right-sided mucopurulent nasal discharge for 18 months. Computed tomography revealed a mass within the right nasal cavity and the right frontal sinus. The animal was euthanized, and a postmortem examination was performed. On macroscopic examination, the right nasal cavity and the right frontal sinus were partially occluded by a soft whitish mass. Microscopically, the mass was composed of well-differentiated plasma cells that were immunopositive for immunoglobulin G and lambda light chains. These findings were consistent with a mature-type sinonasal plasmacytoma. In addition, there was right-sided mucopurulent rhinitis and sinusitis caused by a Pasteurella infection, which probably developed secondary to the sinonasal plasmacytoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a sinonasal plasmacytoma in a cat. The present communication shows that feline sinonasal plasmacytomas should be included in the differential diagnosis for tumors located in the upper respiratory tract of cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schöniger
- Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, United Kingdom.
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Slansky F. Feline Cuterebrosis Caused by a Lagomorph-Infesting Cuterebra spp. Larva. J Parasitol 2007; 93:959-61. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-1107r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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