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Harjunpää H, Somermäki R, Saldo Rubio G, Fusciello M, Feola S, Faisal I, Nieminen AI, Wang L, Llort Asens M, Zhao H, Eriksson O, Cerullo V, Fagerholm SC. Loss of β2-integrin function results in metabolic reprogramming of dendritic cells, leading to increased dendritic cell functionality and anti-tumor responses. Oncoimmunology 2024; 13:2369373. [PMID: 38915784 PMCID: PMC11195491 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2024.2369373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the main antigen presenting cells of the immune system and are essential for anti-tumor responses. DC-based immunotherapies are used in cancer treatment, but their functionality is not optimized and their clinical efficacy is currently limited. Approaches to improve DC functionality in anti-tumor immunity are therefore required. We have previously shown that the loss of β2-integrin-mediated adhesion leads to epigenetic reprogramming of bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs), resulting in an increased expression of costimulatory markers (CD86, CD80, and CD40), cytokines (IL-12) and the chemokine receptor CCR7. We now show that the loss of β2-integrin-mediated adhesion of BM-DCs also leads to a generally suppressed metabolic profile, with reduced metabolic rate, decreased ROS production, and lowered glucose uptake in cells. The mRNA levels of glycolytic enzymes and glucose transporters were reduced, indicating transcriptional regulation of the metabolic phenotype. Surprisingly, although signaling through a central regulator of immune cell metabolisms, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), was increased in BM-DCs with dysfunctional integrins, rapamycin treatment revealed that mTOR signaling was not involved in suppressing DC metabolism. Instead, bioinformatics and functional analyses showed that the Ikaros transcription factor may be involved in regulating the metabolic profile of non-adhesive DCs. Inversely, we found that induction of metabolic stress through treatment of cells with low levels of an inhibitor of glycolysis, 2-deoxyglucose (2DG), led to increased BM-DC activation. Specifically, 2DG treatment led to increased levels of Il-12 and Ccr7 mRNA, increased production of IL-12, increased levels of cell surface CCR7 and increased in vitro migration and T cell activation potential. Furthermore, 2DG treatment led to increased histone methylation in cells (H3K4me3, H3K27me3), indicating metabolic reprogramming. Finally, metabolic stress induced by 2DG treatment led to improved BM-DC-mediated anti-tumor responses in vivo in a melanoma cancer model, B16-OVA. In conclusion, our results indicate a role for β2-integrin-mediated adhesion in regulating a novel type of metabolic reprogramming of DCs and DC-mediated anti-tumor responses, which may be targeted to enhance DC-mediated anti-tumor responses in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Harjunpää
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku Somermäki
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Guillem Saldo Rubio
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sara Feola
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Imrul Faisal
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liang Wang
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marc Llort Asens
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ove Eriksson
- Biochemistry and Developmental biology, Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Susanna C Fagerholm
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Choi SY, Kim Y, Lim B, Wee CB, Chang IH, Kim CS. Prostate cancer therapy using immune checkpoint molecules to target recombinant dendritic cells. Investig Clin Urol 2024; 65:300-310. [PMID: 38714521 PMCID: PMC11076804 DOI: 10.4111/icu.20230348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We developed immune checkpoint molecules to target recombinant dendritic cells (DCs) and verified their anti-tumor efficacy and immune response against prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS DCs were generated from mononuclear cells in the tibia and femur bone marrow of mice. We knocked down the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on monocyte-derived DCs through siRNA PD-L1. Cell surface antigens were immune fluorescently stained through flow cytometry to analyze cultured cell phenotypes. Furthermore, we evaluated the efficacy of monocyte-derived DCs and recombinant DCs in a prostate cancer mouse model with subcutaneous TRAMP-C1 cells. Lastly, DC-induced mixed lymphocyte and lymphocyte-only proliferations were compared to determine cultured DCs' function. RESULTS Compared to the control group, siRNA PD-L1 therapeutic DC-treated mice exhibited significantly inhibited tumor volume and increased tumor cell apoptosis. Remarkably, this treatment substantially augmented interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 production by stimulating T-cells in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction. Moreover, we demonstrated that PD-L1 gene silencing improved cell proliferation and cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS We developed monocyte-derived DCs transfected with PD-L1 siRNA from mouse bone marrow. Our study highlights that PD-L1 inhibition in DCs increases antigen-specific immune responses, corroborating previous immunotherapy methodology findings regarding castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Young Choi
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunlim Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bumjin Lim
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Beum Wee
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Ho Chang
- Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choung-Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Seillier C, Lesec L, Hélie P, Marie C, Vivien D, Docagne F, Le Mauff B, Toutirais O. Tissue-plasminogen activator effects on the phenotype of splenic myeloid cells in acute inflammation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:4. [PMID: 38355547 PMCID: PMC10865617 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease well known for its fibrinolytic function. Recent studies indicate that tPA could also modulate inflammation via plasmin generation and/or by receptor mediated signalling in vitro. However, the contribution of tPA in inflammatory processes in vivo has not been fully addressed. Therefore, using tPA-deficient mice, we have analysed the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on the phenotype of myeloid cells including neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in spleen. We found that LPS treatment upregulated the frequency of major histocompatibility class two (MHCII+) macrophages but also, paradoxically, induced a deep downregulation of MHCII molecule level on macrophages and on conventional dendritic cells 2 (cDC2). Expression level of the CD11b integrin, known as a tPA receptor, was upregulated by LPS on MHCII+ macrophages and cDC2, suggesting that tPA effects could be amplified during inflammation. In tPA-/- mice under inflammatory conditions, expression of costimulatory CD86 molecules on MHCII+ macrophages was decreased compared to WT mice, while in steady state the expression of MHCII molecules was higher on macrophages. Finally, we reported that tPA deficiency slightly modified the phenotype of DCs and T cells in acute inflammatory conditions. Overall, our findings indicate that in vivo, LPS injection had an unexpectedly bimodal effect on MHCII expression on macrophages and DCs that consequently might affect adaptive immunity. tPA could also participate in the regulation of the T cell response by modulating the levels of CD86 and MHCII molecules on macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Seillier
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Léonie Lesec
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Pauline Hélie
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Present address: Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Marie
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- UAR 3408-US50 / Centre Universitaire de Ressources Biologiques (CURB), GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, France
| | - Fabian Docagne
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Present Address: INSERM, Département de L'information Scientifique Et de La Communication (DISC), 75654, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Brigitte Le Mauff
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility (HLA), Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Institut Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France.
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility (HLA), Caen University Hospital, CHU Caen, France.
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Tan S, Pan S, Wei L, Chen W, Pan B, Kong G, Chen J, Xie Y. Association of peripheral B cells and delirium: combined single-cell sequencing and Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1343726. [PMID: 38379709 PMCID: PMC10876872 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1343726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Delirium seriously affects the prognosis of patients and greatly reduces the ability to work and live. Peripheral inflammatory events may contribute to the development of delirium, the mechanism of which is still unclear. There is a lack of effective diagnostic and treatments for delirium in clinical practice. The study aims to investigate alterations in peripheral immune cell subsets under inflammatory stress and to explore causal associations with delirium. Methods Single-cell transcriptional sequencing data of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) before and after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intervention were processed by the Seurat package in R software. PBMC subsets and cellular markers were defined after downscaling and clustering by the Harmony algorithm to identify characteristic subsets in the context of inflammatory stress. Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to explore the causal associations of these inflammation-related PBMC subsets and their molecular phenotypes with delirium. Based on publicly available genetic data, the study incorporated 70 PBMC-associated immune traits, including 8 types of circulating immune cells, 33 B cell subsets and molecular phenotypes, 13 T cell subsets, and 16 B cell-associated cytokines. The results were also validated for robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy. Results Under LPS-induced inflammatory stress, B cells, T cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells in human PBMC showed significant activation and quantitative changes. Of these, only lymphocyte and B cell counts were causally associated with delirium risk. This risk link is also seen in the TNF pathway. Further studies of B cells and their subsets revealed that this association may be related to unswitched memory B cells and CD27 expressed on memory B cells. Annotation of the screened SNPs revealed significant polymorphisms in CD27 and CD40 annotated by rs25680 and rs9883798, respectively. The functions of the key annotated genes may be related to the regulation of immune responses, cell differentiation, proliferation, and intercellular interactions. Conclusion The present study revealed the potential possibility that B cell, memory B cell subset, and TNF-related molecules may be involved in the development of delirium due to peripheral inflammation, which can provide clues for further investigation of delirium prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyou Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sining Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bingbing Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyin Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Escalona-Rayo O, Zeng Y, Knol RA, Kock TJF, Aschmann D, Slütter B, Kros A. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of clinically-approved ionizable cationic lipids shows divergent results between mRNA transfection and vaccine efficacy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115065. [PMID: 37406506 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizable cationic lipids (ICLs) play an essential role in the effectiveness of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for delivery of mRNA therapeutics and vaccines; therefore, critical evaluations of their biological performance would extend the existing knowledge in the field. In the present study, we examined the effects of the three clinically-approved ICLs, Dlin-MC3-DMA, ALC-0315 and SM-102, as well as DODAP, on the in vitro and in vivo performance of LNPs for mRNA delivery and vaccine efficacy. mRNA-LNPs containing these lipids were successfully prepared, which were all found to be very similar in their physicochemical properties and mRNA encapsulation efficiencies. Furthermore, the results of the in vitro studies indicated that these mRNA-LNPs were efficiently taken up by immortalized and primary immune cells with comparable efficiency; however, SM-102-based LNPs were superior in inducing protein expression and antigen-specific T cell proliferation. In contrast, in vivo studies revealed that LNPs containing ALC-0315 and SM-102 yielded almost identical protein expression levels in zebrafish embryos, which were significantly higher than Dlin-MC3-DMA-based LNPs. Additionally, a mouse immunization study demonstrated that a single-dose subcutaneous administration of the mRNA-LNPs resulted in a high production of intracellular cytokines by antigen-specific T cells, but no significant differences among the three clinically-approved ICLs were observed, suggesting a weak correlation between in vitro and in vivo outcomes. This study provides strong evidence that ICLs modulate the performance of mRNA-LNPs and that in vitro data does not adequately predict their behavior in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Escalona-Rayo
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ye Zeng
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renzo A Knol
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J F Kock
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis Aschmann
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Slütter
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Alexander Kros
- Department of Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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6
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Islam MM, Chivu A, AbuSamra DB, Saha A, Chowdhuri S, Pramanik B, Dohlman CH, Das D, Argüeso P, Rajaiya J, Patra HK, Chodosh J. Crosslinker-free collagen gelation for corneal regeneration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9108. [PMID: 35650270 PMCID: PMC9160259 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of an artificial cornea can potentially fulfil the demand of donor corneas for transplantation as the number of donors is far less than needed to treat corneal blindness. Collagen-based artificial corneas stand out as a regenerative option, having promising clinical outcomes. Collagen crosslinked with chemical crosslinkers which modify the parent functional groups of collagen. However, crosslinkers are usually cytotoxic, so crosslinkers need to be removed from implants completely before application in humans. In addition, crosslinked products are mechanically weak and susceptible to enzymatic degradation. We developed a crosslinker free supramolecular gelation strategy using pyrene conjugated dipeptide amphiphile (PyKC) consisting of lysine and cysteine; in which collagen molecules are intertwined inside the PyKC network without any functional group modification of the collagen. The newly developed collagen implants (Coll-PyKC) are optically transparent and can effectively block UV light, are mechanically and enzymatically stable, and can be sutured. The Coll-PyKC implants support the growth and function of all corneal cells, trigger anti-inflammatory differentiation while suppressing the pro-inflammatory differentiation of human monocytes. Coll-PyKC implants can restrict human adenovirus propagation. Therefore, this crosslinker-free strategy can be used for the repair, healing, and regeneration of the cornea, and potentially other damaged organs of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirazul Islam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Alexandru Chivu
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Dina B AbuSamra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Amrita Saha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sumit Chowdhuri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Bapan Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jaya Rajaiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hirak K Patra
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Dinh TTH, Tummamunkong P, Padungros P, Ponpakdee P, Boonprakong L, Saisorn W, Leelahavanichkul A, Kueanjinda P, Ritprajak P. Interaction Between Dendritic Cells and Candida krusei β-Glucan Partially Depends on Dectin-1 and It Promotes High IL-10 Production by T Cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:566661. [PMID: 33552998 PMCID: PMC7862133 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.566661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-Candida interaction has been broadly studied during Candida albicans infection, with a progressive shift in focus toward non-albicans Candida species. C. krusei is an emerging multidrug resistant pathogen causing rising morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, understanding the interplay between the host immune system and C. krusei is critically important. Candia cell wall β-glucans play significant roles in the induction of host protective immune responses. However, it remains unclear how C. krusei β-glucan impacts dendritic cell (DC) responses. In this study, we investigated DC maturation and function in response to β-glucans isolated from the cell walls of C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei. These three distinct Candida β-glucans had differential effects on expression of the DC marker, CD11c, and on DC maturation. Furthermore, bone-marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) showed enhanced cytokine responses characterized by substantial interleukin (IL)-10 production following C. krusei β-glucan stimulation. BMDCs stimulated with C. krusei β-glucan augmented IL-10 production by T cells in tandem with increased IL-10 production by BMDCs. Inhibition of dectin-1 ligation demonstrated that the interactions between dectin-1 on DCs and cell wall β-glucans varied depending on the Candida species. The effects of C. krusei β-glucan were partially dependent on dectin-1, and this dependence, in part, led to distinct DC responses. Our study provides new insights into immune regulation by C. krusei cell wall components. These data may be of use in the development of new clinical approaches for treatment of patients with C. krusei infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Thi Huong Dinh
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phawida Tummamunkong
- Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panuwat Padungros
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pranpariya Ponpakdee
- Green Chemistry for Fine Chemical Productions STAR, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lawan Boonprakong
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wilasinee Saisorn
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patipark Kueanjinda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Ritprajak
- Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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The transcription factor C/EBPβ orchestrates dendritic cell maturation and functionality under homeostatic and malignant conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26328-26339. [PMID: 33020261 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008883117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) maturation is a prerequisite for the induction of adaptive immune responses against pathogens and cancer. Transcription factor (TF) networks control differential aspects of early DC progenitor versus late-stage DC cell fate decisions. Here, we identified the TF C/EBPβ as a key regulator for DC maturation and immunogenic functionality under homeostatic and lymphoma-transformed conditions. Upon cell-specific deletion of C/EBPβ in CD11c+MHCIIhi DCs, gene expression profiles of splenic C/EBPβ-/- DCs showed a down-regulation of E2F cell cycle target genes and associated proliferation signaling pathways, whereas maturation signatures were enriched. Total splenic DC cell numbers were modestly increased but differentiation into cDC1 and cDC2 subsets were unaltered. The splenic CD11c+MHCIIhiCD64+ DC compartment was also increased, suggesting that C/EBPβ deficiency favors the expansion of monocytic-derived DCs. Expression of C/EBPβ could be mimicked in LAP/LAP* isoform knockin DCs, whereas the short isoform LIP supported a differentiation program similar to deletion of the full-length TF. In accordance with E2F1 being a negative regulator of DC maturation, C/EBPβ-/- bone marrow-derived DCs matured much faster enabling them to activate and polarize T cells stronger. In contrast to a homeostatic condition, lymphoma-exposed DCs exhibited an up-regulation of the E2F transcriptional pathways and an impaired maturation. Pharmacological blockade of C/EBPβ/mTOR signaling in human DCs abrogated their protumorigenic function in primary B cell lymphoma cocultures. Thus, C/EBPβ plays a unique role in DC maturation and immunostimulatory functionality and emerges as a key factor of the tumor microenvironment that promotes lymphomagenesis.
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9
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Paßlick D, Reinholz J, Simon J, Piradashvili K, Jiang S, Li M, Landfester K, Mailänder V. Nanovaccine impact on dendritic cells: transcriptome analysis enables new insights into antigen and adjuvant effects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2053-2069. [PMID: 32885728 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: For vaccines the combination between an antigen and adjuvants are both crucially important to trigger an effective immune response in dendritic cells. Innovative adjuvants like resiquimod or muramyldipeptide have their target protein inside the cell. Materials & methods: Up/downregulation and proteome expression was investigated for the adjuvant combination resiquimod and muramyldipeptide in a soluble form versus encapsulated into a nanocarrier. Results: We found that 1225 genes were upregulated after nanocarrier treatment while 478 genes were downregulated. Most prominent were interferon-stimulated genes with more than 25-times higher expression after nanocarrier treatment, for example RSAD2 and ISG15, which were recently found to have antiviral or antitumor effects. Conclusion: Encapsulation gives a more effective upregulation of vaccine-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Paßlick
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Jonas Reinholz
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Johanna Simon
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Keti Piradashvili
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Mengyi Li
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Dermatology Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, Mainz, 55131, Germany.,Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, 55128, Germany
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10
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Majdoubi A, Lee JS, Balood M, Sabourin A, DeMontigny A, Kishta OA, Moulefera MA, Galbas T, Yun TJ, Talbot S, Ishido S, Cheong C, Thibodeau J. Downregulation of MHC Class II by Ubiquitination Is Required for the Migration of CD206 + Dendritic Cells to Skin-Draining Lymph Nodes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2887-2898. [PMID: 31659013 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical players in skin homeostasis. A subset of mannose receptor (CD206)-expressing monocyte-derived DCs was found in skin, and their migratory counterpart is present in skin-draining lymph nodes (sdLNs). Skin CD206+ DCs were shown to upregulate MHC class II (MHCII) progressively, raising the question of whether this feature affects their biology. In this study, we assessed the role of MHCII regulation in the development and migration of these cells in mouse models expressing differential MHCII levels. Using CD206 as a surrogate marker, we found that skin CD206+ DCs develop in an MHCII-independent manner. However, their migration to sdLNs was affected by overexpression rather than absence or lower expression of MHCII. Accordingly, B16 tumor growth was exacerbated in mice overexpressing MHCII in the absence of ubiquitination. Mechanistically, CD206+ DCs from these mice showed decreased IRF4 and CCR7 expression. LPS, which is known to promote monocyte-derived DC recruitment to sdLNs, partially improved these defects. However, GM-CSF delivery restored CD206+ DC migration by promoting IRF4 expression. Collectively, these data show that MHCII downregulation is crucial for IRF4-dependent migration of CD206+ DCs to sdLNs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah Majdoubi
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jun Seong Lee
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammad Balood
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Sabourin
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Auriane DeMontigny
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Osama A Kishta
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohamed Abdelwafi Moulefera
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tristan Galbas
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal H2W 1R7, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Sébastien Talbot
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada
| | - Satoshi Ishido
- Department of Microbiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Cheolho Cheong
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal H2W 1R7, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Jacques Thibodeau
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal H3T 1J4, Quebec, Canada;
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11
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Nanomelanin Potentially Protects the Spleen from Radiotherapy-Associated Damage and Enhances Immunoactivity in Tumor-Bearing Mice. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12101725. [PMID: 31137873 PMCID: PMC6567087 DOI: 10.3390/ma12101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy side-effects present serious problems in cancer treatment. Melanin, a natural polymer with low toxicity, is considered as a potential radio-protector; however, its application as an agent against irradiation during cancer treatment has still received little attention. In this study, nanomelanin particles were prepared, characterized and applied in protecting the spleens of tumor-bearing mice irradiated with X-rays. These nanoparticles had sizes varying in the range of 80–200 nm and contained several important functional groups such as carboxyl (-COO), carbonyl (-C=O) and hydroxyl (-OH) groups on the surfaces. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with nanomelanin at a concentration of 40 mg/kg before irradiating with a single dose of 6.0 Gray of X-ray at a high dose rate (1.0 Gray/min). Impressively, X-ray caused mild splenic fibrosis in 40% of nanomelanin-protected mice, whereas severe fibrosis was observed in 100% of mice treated with X-ray alone. Treatment with nanomelanin also partly rescued the volume and weight of mouse spleens from irradiation through promoting the transcription levels of splenic Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). More interestingly, splenic T cell and dendritic cell populations were 1.91 and 1.64-fold higher in nanomelanin-treated mice than those in mice which received X-ray alone. Consistently, the percentage of lymphocytes was also significantly greater in blood from nanomelanin-treated mice. In addition, nanomelanin might indirectly induce apoptosis in tumor tissues via activation of TNF-α, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes. In summary, our results demonstrate that nanomelanin protects spleens from X-ray irradiation and consequently enhances immunoactivity in tumor-bearing mice; therefore, we present nanomelanin as a potential protector against damage from radiotherapy in cancer treatment.
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12
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Ning Q. Main Complications of AECHB and Severe Hepatitis B (Liver Failure). ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B 2019. [PMCID: PMC7498917 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1603-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China
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13
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Virzì GM, Zhang J, Nalesso F, Ronco C, McCullough PA. The Role of Dendritic and Endothelial Cells in Cardiorenal Syndrome. Cardiorenal Med 2018; 8:92-104. [PMID: 29617002 DOI: 10.1159/000485937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that play a central role in innate and adaptive immune responses; however, the cross talk between cardiac and renal DCs in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) has not yet been fully elucidated. In this setting, endothelial cells (ECs) also contribute to immune responses. SUMMARY DC and EC activation and dysfunction have a central role in the pathogenesis of CRS. Regarding immune responses in CRS, it is unknown whether ECs may serve as antigen-presenting cells or act synergistically with DCs to actively participate in innate and adaptive immune responses. This review first focuses on the burden of concomitant heart and renal DCs in the context of CRS; it examines what is known of DCs in animal models, and proposes a central role for DCs in all types of CRS. Second, this review briefly describes the role of ECs in the context of CRS. Key Messages: Understanding the role of DCs and ECs in immune response could lead to the development of novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Maria Virzì
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Jun Zhang
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Federico Nalesso
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Claudio Ronco
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.,IRRIV-International Renal Research Institute Vicenza, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Peter A McCullough
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Baylor Jack and Jane Hamilton Heart and Vascular Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA.,The Heart Hospital, Plano, Texas, USA
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14
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Jang B, Xu L, Moorthy MS, Zhang W, Zeng L, Kang M, Kwak M, Oh J, Jin JO. Lipopolysaccharide-coated CuS nanoparticles promoted anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effect by immuno-photothermal therapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105584-105595. [PMID: 29285274 PMCID: PMC5739661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To meet the ultimate goal of cancer therapy, which is treating not only the primary tumor but also preventing metastatic cancer, the concept of combining immunotherapy with photothermal therapy (PTT) is gaining great interest. Here, we studied the new material, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) coated copper sulfide nanoparticles (LPS-CuS), for the immuno-photothermal therapy. We evaluated the effect of LPS-CuS for induction of apoptosis of CT26 cells and activation of dendritic cells. Moreover, the LPS-CuS and laser irradiation was examined anti-metastasis effect by liver metastasis model mouse in vivo. Through PTT, LPS-CuS induced elimination of CT26 tumor in BALB/c mice, which produced cancer antigens. In addition, released LPS and cancer antigen by PTT promoted dendritic cell activation in tumor draining lymph node (drLN), and consequently, enhanced the tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Finally, the primary tumor cured mice by LPS-CuS-mediated PTT completely resisted secondary tumor injection in the spleen and also prevented liver metastasis. Our results demonstrated the potential usage of LPS-CuS for the immuno-photothermal therapy against various types of cancer by showing the clear elimination of primary colon carcinoma with complete prevention of spleen and liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian Jang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Madhappan S Moorthy
- Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Junghwan Oh
- Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Xu L, Kwak M, Zhang W, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Time-dependent effect of E. coli LPS in spleen DC activation in vivo: Alteration of numbers, expression of co-stimulatory molecules, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and presentation of antigens. Mol Immunol 2017; 85:205-213. [PMID: 28285188 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a well-known stimuli of dendritic cells (DCs). However, in vivo spleen DC maturation by Escherichia coli (E.coli) LPS has not been fully investigated. In this study, we examined the effect of LPS on the activation of spleen DCs and its subsets in a time-dependent manner on mice in vivo. The frequency, number and migration of spleen conventional DCs (cDCs) were increased 6 and 12h after completion of LPS treatment. Those increased DC numbers in spleen were then gradually decreased with apoptosis of the DCs. The highest levels of co-stimulatory molecule expression in the spleen cDCs and their subsets occurred 18h after LPS treatment, while the pro-inflammatory cytokines reached their maximum in the intracellular levels of the spleen cDCs and their subsets 3h after LPS treatment. The antigen presentation of the spleen cDCs and their subsets increased gradually from 3 to 12h after LPS treatment, but those levels decreased rapidly after 18h post-LPS treatment. Thus, by highlighting the importance of time in the stimulation of spleen DCs by LPS in mice in vivo, our data provided a model that could be used by immunologists when considering the manipulation of DC functions in vivo for experimental and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Li XY, Yang X, Zhao QD, Han ZP, Liang L, Pan XR, Zhu JN, Li R, Wu MC, Wei LX. Lipopolysaccharide promotes tumorigenicity of hepatic progenitor cells by promoting proliferation and blocking normal differentiation. Cancer Lett 2017; 386:35-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide Induced Proliferation and Activation of Natural Killer Cells in Vivo. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081086. [PMID: 27548133 PMCID: PMC6273780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) promoted different innate immune activation than that promoted by Escherichia coli (E. coli) LPS. In this study, we examined the effect of P. gingivalis LPS on the proliferation and activation of natural killer (NK) cells in vivo and compared that function with that of E. coli LPS. Administration of P. gingivalis LPS to C57BL/6 mice induced stronger proliferation of NK cells in the spleen and submandibular lymph nodes (sLNs) and increased the number of circulating NK cells in blood compared to those treated with E. coli LPS. However, P. gingivalis LPS did not induce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production and CD69 expression in the spleen and sLN NK cells in vivo, and this was attributed to the minimal activation of the spleen and sLN dendritic cells (DCs), including low levels of co-stimulatory molecule expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, P. gingivalis LPS-treated NK cells showed less cytotoxic activity against Yac-1 target cells than E. coli LPS-treated NK cells. Hence, these data demonstrated that P. gingivalis LPS promoted limited activation of spleen and sLN NK cells in vivo, and this may play a role in the chronic inflammatory state observed in periodontal disease.
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