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Teles FRF, Chandrasekaran G, Martin L, Patel M, Kallan MJ, Furquim C, Hamza T, Cucchiara AJ, Kantarci A, Urquhart O, Sugai J, Giannobile WV. Salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers during periodontitis progression and after treatment. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39104016 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM To identify serum- and salivary-derived inflammatory biomarkers of periodontitis progression and determine their response to non-surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periodontally healthy (H; n = 113) and periodontitis patients (P; n = 302) were monitored bi-monthly for 1 year without therapy. Periodontitis patients were re-examined 6 months after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Participants were classified according to disease progression: P0 (no sites progressed; P1: 1-2 sites progressed; P2: 3 or more sites progressed). Ten salivary and five serum biomarkers were measured using Luminex. Log-transformed levels were compared over time according to baseline diagnosis, progression trajectory and after NSPT. Significant differences were sought using linear mixed models. RESULTS P2 presented higher levels (p < .05) of salivary IFNγ, IL-6, VEGF, IL-1β, MMP-8, IL-10 and OPG over time. Serum analytes were not associated with progression. NSPT led to clinical improvement and significant reduction of IFNγ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, MMP-8, IL-10, OPG and MMP-9 in saliva and of CRP, MMP-8, MMP-9 and MPO in serum. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis progression results from a sustained pro-inflammatory milieu that is reflected in salivary biomarkers, but less so in serum, likely because of the limited amount of progression per patient. NSPT can significantly decrease the levels of several salivary analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia R F Teles
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry (CiPD), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ganesh Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lynn Martin
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michele Patel
- Multiplex Core, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Kallan
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CCEB), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Camila Furquim
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tahir Hamza
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew J Cucchiara
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (CCEB), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Multiplex Core, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Olivia Urquhart
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Integrative Global Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Sugai
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William V Giannobile
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ebersole JL, Hasturk H, Huber M, Gellibolian R, Markaryan A, Zhang XD, Miller CS. Realizing the clinical utility of saliva for monitoring oral diseases. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39010260 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
In the era of personalized/precision health care, additional effort is being expended to understand the biology and molecular mechanisms of disease processes. How these mechanisms are affected by individual genetics, environmental exposures, and behavioral choices will encompass an expanding role in the future of optimally preventing and treating diseases. Considering saliva as an important biological fluid for analysis to inform oral disease detection/description continues to expand. This review provides an overview of saliva as a diagnostic fluid and the features of various biomarkers that have been reported. We emphasize the use of salivary biomarkers in periodontitis and transport the reader through extant literature, gaps in knowledge, and a structured approach toward validating and determine the utility of biomarkers in periodontitis. A summation of the findings support the likelihood that a panel of biomarkers including both host molecules and specific microorganisms will be required to most effectively identify risk for early transition to disease, ongoing disease activity, progression, and likelihood of response to standard periodontal therapy. The goals would be to develop predictive algorithms that serve as adjunctive diagnostic tools which provide the clinician and patient important information for making informed clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- Immunology and Inflammation, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michaell Huber
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Xiaohua D Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Craig S Miller
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Miguel MMV, Shaddox LM. Grade C Molar-Incisor Pattern Periodontitis in Young Adults: What Have We Learned So Far? Pathogens 2024; 13:580. [PMID: 39057807 PMCID: PMC11279578 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Grade C molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (C-MIP) is a disease that affects specific teeth with an early onset and aggressive progression. It occurs in systemically healthy patients, mostly African descendants, at an early age, with familial involvement, minimal biofilm accumulation, and minor inflammation. Severe and rapidly progressive bone loss is observed around the first molars and incisors. This clinical condition has been usually diagnosed in children and young adults with permanent dentition under 30 years of age. However, this disease can also affect the primary dentition, which is not as frequently discussed in the literature. Radiographic records have shown that most patients diagnosed in the permanent dentition already presented disease signs in the primary dentition. A hyperresponsive immunological profile is observed in local (gingival crevicular fluid-GCF) and systemic environments. Siblings have also displayed a heightened inflammatory profile even without clinical signs of disease. A. actinomycetemcomitans has been classified as a key pathogen in C-MIP in both dentitions. Scaling and root planning associated with systemic antibiotics is the current gold standard to treat C-MIP, leading to GCF biomarker reduction, some systemic inflammatory response modulation and microbiome profile changes to a healthy-site profile. Further studies should focus on other possible disease-contributing risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Maria Viana Miguel
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA;
| | - Luciana Macchion Shaddox
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA;
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
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4
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Cetiner DO, Isler SC, Ilikci-Sagkan R, Sengul J, Kaymaz O, Corekci AU. The adjunctive use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, light-emitting-diode photobiomodulation and ozone therapy in regenerative treatment of stage III/IV grade C periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:426. [PMID: 38992200 PMCID: PMC11239751 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the short-term efficacy of multiple sessions of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), light-emitting-diode (LED) photobiomodulation, and topical ozone therapy applications following surgical regenerative treatments on clinical parameters, patient-centered outcomes, and mRNA expression levels of VEGF, IL-6, RunX2, Nell-1, and osterix in gingival crevicular fluid samples in patients with stage III/IV, grade C periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight systemically healthy patients were assigned into four groups to receive adjunctive modalities with regenerative periodontal surgical treatment. A 970 ± 15 nm diode laser plus indocyanine-green for aPDT group, a 626 nm LED for photobiomodulation group, and topical gaseous ozone were applied at 0, 1, 3, and 7 postoperative days and compared to control group. The clinical periodontal parameters, early wound healing index (EHI), and postoperative patients' morbidity were evaluated. The mRNA levels of biomarkers were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS No significant difference in the clinical parameters except gingival recession (GR) was identified among the groups. For group-by-time interactions, plaque index (PI) and probing pocket depths (PD) showed significant differences (p = 0.034; p = 0.022). In sites with initial PD > 7 mm, significant differences were observed between control and photobiomodulation groups in PD (p = 0.011), between control and aPDT, and control and photobiomodulation groups in CAL at 6-month follow-up (p = 0.007; p = 0.022). The relative osterix mRNA levels showed a statistically significant difference among the treatment groups (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS The additional applications of aPDT and LED after regenerative treatment of stage III/IV grade C periodontitis exhibited a more pronounced beneficial effect on clinical outcomes in deep periodontal pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ozbay Cetiner
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Biskek cad. 1. Sokak No:4, Emek Ankara, 06490, Turkey.
| | - Sila Cagri Isler
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Biskek cad. 1. Sokak No:4, Emek Ankara, 06490, Turkey
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rahsan Ilikci-Sagkan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Uşak University, Uşak, 64300, Turkey
| | | | - Ozlem Kaymaz
- Department of Statistic, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahu Uraz Corekci
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Demokrasi University, Izmir, Turkey
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5
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Lima KM, Calado KAA, Pereira ADFV, da Silva MCP, Lopes FF. MMP-8 in Periodontal Sites of Postpartum and without-Any-Pregnancy Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:739. [PMID: 38928985 PMCID: PMC11203714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The hypothesis that physiological changes in women can affect periodontal tissues is the subject of this study, and inflammatory markers such as matrix metalloproteinase-8 can measure susceptibility to inflammation. The study aimed to analyze MMP-8 levels in periodontal sites of postpartum women and women without a history of pregnancy, comparing health parameters and periodontal disease. This is a case-control study with 40 participants, 20 cases (women in the postpartum period) and 20 controls (women without any pregnancy), who underwent clinical periodontal examination and the collection of crevicular gingival fluid. The ELISA test was used to detect MMP-8 levels. Postpartum women had worse periodontal parameters, such as bleeding index on probing, number of sites with CAL ≥ 3, and fewer teeth present. In the group of women without a history of pregnancy, a significantly lower MMP-8 level was observed in healthy sites and a higher one was observed in periodontal pockets (p < 0.01). In contrast, in postpartum women, MMP-8 levels were elevated in both healthy sites and periodontal pockets (p > 0.01). The MMP-8 levels in gingival fluid appear to be related to periodontal clinical parameters and may be a possible marker of enzymatic changes involved in periodontal tissue destruction in postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne Martins Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Keiko Aramaki Abreu Calado
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil; (K.A.A.C.); (M.C.P.d.S.)
| | | | - Mayara Cristina Pinto da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil; (K.A.A.C.); (M.C.P.d.S.)
| | - Fernanda Ferreira Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil; (K.A.A.C.); (M.C.P.d.S.)
- Teacher of the Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís CEP 65080-805, Brazil;
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Liu C, Guan C, Li Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Han G. Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors for the Detection of Common Oral Diseases. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38366356 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2315112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Limiting and preventing oral diseases remains a major challenge to the health of populations around the world, so finding ways to detect early-stage diseases (e.g., caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer) and aiding in their prevention has always been an important clinical treatment concept. The development and application of electrochemical detection technology can provide important support for the early detection and non-invasive diagnosis of oral diseases and make up for the shortcomings of traditional diagnostic methods, which are highly sensitive, non-invasive, cost-effective, and less labor-intensive. It detects specific disease markers in body fluids through electrochemical reactions, discovers early warning signals of diseases, and realizes rapid and reliable diagnosis. This paper comprehensively summarizes the development and application of electrochemical biosensors in the detection and diagnosis of common oral diseases in terms of application platforms, sensing types, and disease detection, and discusses the challenges faced by electrochemical biosensors in the detection of oral diseases as well as the great prospects for future applications, in the hope of providing important insights for the future development of electrochemical biosensors for the early detection of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Liu
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changjun Guan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze Li
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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7
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Alamri MM, Antonoglou GN, Proctor G, Balsa-Castro C, Tomás I, Nibali L. Biomarkers for diagnosis of stage III, grade C with molar incisor pattern periodontitis in children and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:4929-4955. [PMID: 37535199 PMCID: PMC10492694 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the existing salivary, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), blood, and serum biomarkers associated with grade C molar-incisor pattern (C/MIP) periodontitis in systemically healthy children and young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies on stage III grade C periodontitis or former equivalent diagnosis with analysis of molecular biomarkers in saliva, GCF, blood, or serum were retrieved from six databases and screened based on the eligibility criteria. The risk of bias in included studies was evaluated. Meta-analysis was planned for biomarkers assessed using the same detection methods and sample type in at least two papers. RESULTS Out of 5621 studies identified at initial screening, 28 papers were included in the qualitative analysis of which 2 were eligible for meta-analysis for IgG in serum samples. Eighty-seven biomarkers were assessed with the majority being higher in cases than in controls. Only the meta-analysis of total serum IgG with low heterogeneity value revealed a significant increase in its levels in C/MIPs compared to controls (standardised mean difference: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.40). CONCLUSION There is a paucity of data on biomarkers associated with molar-incisor pattern periodontitis. Although serum IgG levels are raised, other more specific biomarkers in saliva, GCF, and blood/serum may be promising but require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaad M Alamri
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Georgios N Antonoglou
- Centre for Dental Education, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gordon Proctor
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carlos Balsa-Castro
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Tomás
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute Foundation of Santiago (FIDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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8
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Guha Biswas P, Mohan A, Kandaswamy E. Treatment of Periodontitis Affecting Human Primary Teeth-A Systematic Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:171. [PMID: 37504237 PMCID: PMC10378644 DOI: 10.3390/dj11070171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to report the treatment options (Intervention) and outcomes (O) for primary teeth affected by periodontitis (Population) and if the treatment of primary teeth can prevent the spread of periodontitis to permanent teeth (Outcomes). The following databases were searched for papers published before December 2022: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Ebscohost. Studies on children affected by periodontitis involving the primary teeth were included and those on children who presented with periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease were excluded. Narrative synthesis and methodological quality assessments were performed for the included studies. Three interventional studies (without a control group) that evaluated treatments involving scaling and root planing (SRP with antibiotics) and extraction were included (total n = 60 patients). Additionally, twelve case reports/case series articles (n = 19 patients) were identified. The diagnoses ranged from aggressive periodontitis to juvenile periodontitis and pre-pubertal periodontitis. Based on a limited number of published studies, it was found that the early treatment of periodontitis affecting the primary teeth using SRP and systemic antibiotics resulted in favorable improvements in PD and CAL. Limited evidence suggests that SRP and the extraction of the primary teeth involved have the potential to prevent periodontitis affecting permanent teeth. Future trials are required to standardize the treatment protocols and to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Protyusha Guha Biswas
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India
| | | | - Eswar Kandaswamy
- Department of Periodontics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Dentistry, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
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9
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Branco-de-Almeida L, Velsko I, de Oliveira I, de Oliveira R, Shaddox L. Impact of Treatment on Host Responses in Young Individuals with Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2023; 102:473-488. [PMID: 36803061 PMCID: PMC10150440 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221148161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Grade C periodontitis in young individuals is characterized by severe/rapid periodontal destruction, usually early onset, in systemically healthy individuals. An individual's host response, triggered by a dysbiotic subgingival biofilm, has been reported as a contributor to the tissue destruction, although mechanisms of this response and contributions to such disease remain poorly understood. Nonsurgical treatment has resulted in positive clinical responses for both localized (now molar-incisor pattern) and generalized forms of grade C periodontitis, especially when adjunctive systemic antibiotics are used. Nonsurgical treatment may also affect host responses, although mechanisms leading to significant changes in this response remain unclear. Significant effects on inflammatory response to antigens/bacteria have been described posttreatment, but evidence for long-term effects remains limited. Nonsurgical treatment in these individuals may also modulate a variety of host markers in serum/plasma and gingival crevicular fluid along with clinical parameter improvements. The impact of other adjuncts to nonsurgical treatment focusing on controlling exacerbated immunoinflammatory responses needs to be further explored in grade C periodontitis in young individuals. Recent evidence suggests that nonsurgical treatment with adjunctive laser therapy may modulate host and microbial responses in those subjects, at least in the short term. Available evidence, while very heterogeneous (including variations in disease definition and study designs), does not provide clear conclusions on this topic yet provides important insights for future studies. In this review, studies within the past decade evaluating the impact of nonsurgical treatment on systemic/local host responses in young individuals with grade C periodontitis, as well as long-term clinical responses posttreatment, will be critically appraised and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.S. Branco-de-Almeida
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry,
School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão,
Brazil
| | - I.M. Velsko
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max
Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - I.C.V. de Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry,
School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão,
Brazil
| | - R.C.G. de Oliveira
- Division of Periodontology, Center for
Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
| | - L.M. Shaddox
- Division of Periodontology, Center for
Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY,
USA
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10
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Xu Z, Tan R, Li X, Pan L, Ji P, Tang H. Development of a classification model and an immune-related network based on ferroptosis in periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:403-413. [PMID: 36653725 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is an immunoinflammatory disease characterized by irreversible periodontal attachment loss and bone destruction. Ferroptosis is a kind of immunogenic cell death that depends on the participation of iron ions and is involved in various inflammatory and immune processes. However, information regarding the relationship between ferroptosis and immunomodulation processes in periodontitis is extremely limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between ferroptosis and immune responses in periodontitis. METHODS Gene expression profiles of gingivae were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus data portal. After detecting differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), we used univariate logistic regression analysis followed by logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression to establish a ferroptosis-related classification model in an attempt to accurately distinguish periodontitis gingival tissues from healthy samples. The infiltration level of immunocytes in periodontitis was then assessed through single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis. Subsequently, we screened out immune-related genes by weighted correlation network analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and constructed an immune-related network based on FRGs and immune-related genes. RESULTS A total of 24 differentially expressed FRGs were detected, and an 8-FRG combined signature constituted the classification model. The established model showed outstanding discriminating ability according to the results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In addition, the periodontitis samples had a higher degree of immunocyte infiltration. Activated B cells had the strongest positive correlation while macrophages had a strong negative correlation with certain FRGs, and we found that XBP1, ALOX5 and their interacting genes might be crucial genes in the immune-related network. CONCLUSIONS The FRG-based classification model had a satisfactory determination ability, which could bring new insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Those genes in the immune-related network, especially hub genes along with XBP1 and ALOX5, would have the potential to serve as promising targets of immunomodulatory treatments for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,The People's Hospital of Dadukou District, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruolan Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanlan Pan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Murad H, Rafeeq M, Mosli M, Gari M, Basheikh M. Effect of sequential eradication therapy on serum osteoprotegerin levels in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection and co-existing inflammatory bowel disease. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211060648. [PMID: 34851775 PMCID: PMC8647270 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211060648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of sequential Helicobacter pylori
eradication therapy on serum osteoprotegerin levels in patients with
H. pylori infection and co-existing inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD). Methods Three groups of patients were involved in this observational cross-sectional
study: IBD (n = 83), H. pylori infection (HP, n = 68), and
H. pylori infection with co-existing IBD (HP + IBD,
n = 52). These groups were compared with a normal control group (NC,
n = 50). Serum osteoprotegerin, serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and
fecal calprotectin (FC) levels were measured. Results Serum osteoprotegerin levels were significantly correlated with the simple
endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease and Mayo score for ulcerative colitis.
The receiver operating characteristic analysis of osteoprotegerin revealed
high values for the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity.
Discriminant analysis illustrated that osteoprotegerin levels significantly
differentiated patients with IBD from healthy controls. Osteoprotegerin and
FC levels distinguished the IBD and HP + IBD groups from the NC and HP
groups. Conclusions Sequential eradication therapy did not affect serum osteoprotegerin levels in
patients with H. pylori infection and co-existing IBD.
Serum osteoprotegerin elevation might be a marker for IBD development in
patients with past or current H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Misbahuddin Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Mosli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh Gari
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, 37848King Abdulaziz University, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Basheikh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Lu H, He L, Jin D, Zhu Y, Meng H. The effect of adjunctive systemic antibiotics on microbial populations compared to scaling and root planing alone for the treatment of periodontitis: A pilot randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2021; 93:570-583. [PMID: 34374434 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the microbial shift after periodontitis being treated by scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjunctive antibiotics, and to assess the relationship between oral microbiota and systemic factors. METHODS A 6-month pilot randomized controlled trial recruited 14 subjects with severe periodontitis, divided into test group and control group to receive full-mouth SRP with or without amoxicillin (500mg) and metronidazole (200mg) (t.i.d. 7d). Clinical examination, collection of subgingival plaque and saliva, and blood tests were performed at baseline pre-treatment, three months, and six months post-treatment. The V3V4 region of 16S DNA was sequenced; taxonomic assignment was based on the Human Oral Microbiome Database. RESULTS The periodontal condition significantly improved in both groups; the test group showed a greater improvement in plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding index than the control group. The test group demonstrated significantly lower microbial richness and diversity, and less abundant Porphyromonas than the control group in at three months for both subgingival microbiome and salivary microbiome. However, the microbial differences narrowed within six months. The subgingival and salivary microbiota shifted synergistically. Glucose was positively related to subgingival Porphyromonas; mean platelet volume was positively related to subgingival Leptotrichia. CONCLUSIONS Systemic administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole along with SRP had an advantage over SRP alone in clinical improvement and infection control in both the subgingival region and saliva three months post-treatment. Microbial advantage nearly disappeared at six months; however, the clinical advantage lasted longer. The use of antibiotics also has potential benefits for systemic inflammation and glucose. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Lu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsiqi Jin
- The Third Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxuan Zhu
- The Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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