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Mansilla FC, Miraglia MC, Maidana SS, Cecilia R, Capozzo AV. Chronic NOD2 stimulation by MDP confers protection against parthanatos through M2b macrophage polarization in RAW264.7 cells. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152833. [PMID: 38963996 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Innate immune cells show enhanced responsiveness to secondary challenges after an initial non-related stimulation (Trained Innate Immunity, TII). Acute NOD2 activation by Muramyl-Dipeptide (MDP) promotes TII inducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators, while a sustained MDP-stimulation down-regulates the inflammatory response, restoring tolerance. Here we characterized in-vitro the response of murine macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge under NOD2-chronic stimulation. RAW264.7 cells were trained with MDP (1 μg/ml, 48 h) and challenged with LPS (5 μg/ml, 24 h). Trained cells formed multinucleated giant cells with increased phagocytosis rates compared to untrained/challenged cells. They showed a reduced mitochondrial activity and a switch to aerobic glycolysis. TNF-α, ROS and NO were upregulated in both trained and untrained cultures (MDP+, MDP- cells, p > 0.05); while IL-10, IL-6 IL-12 and MHCII were upregulated only in trained cells after LPS challenge (MDP + LPS+, p < 0.05). A slight upregulation in the expression of B7.2 was also observed in this group, although differences were not statistically significant. MDP-training induced resistance to LPS challenge (p < 0.01). The relative expression of PARP-1 was downregulated after the LPS challenge, which may contribute to the regulatory milieu and to the innate memory mechanisms exhibited by MDP-trained cells. Our results demonstrate that a sustained MDP-training polarizes murine macrophages towards a M2b profile, inhibiting parthanatos. These results may impact on the development of strategies to immunomodulate processes in which inflammation should be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia C Mansilla
- Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations, Center for Research in Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences (CICVyA), INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María C Miraglia
- Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations, Center for Research in Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences (CICVyA), INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)
| | - Silvina S Maidana
- Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations, Center for Research in Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences (CICVyA), INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET)
| | - Randazzo Cecilia
- Institute of Virology and Technological Innovations, Center for Research in Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences (CICVyA), INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra V Capozzo
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET); Center for Advanced Studies in Human Sciences and Health (CAECIHS), Interamerican Open University (UAI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yigit E, Deger O, Korkmaz K, Huner Yigit M, Uydu HA, Mercantepe T, Demir S. Propolis Reduces Inflammation and Dyslipidemia Caused by High-Cholesterol Diet in Mice by Lowering ADAM10/17 Activities. Nutrients 2024; 16:1861. [PMID: 38931216 PMCID: PMC11206409 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important causes of cardiovascular diseases. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)10 and ADAM17 have been identified as important regulators of inflammation in recent years. Our study investigated the effect of inhibiting these enzymes with selective inhibitor and propolis on atherosclerosis. In our study, C57BL/6J mice (n = 16) were used in the control and sham groups. In contrast, ApoE-/- mice (n = 48) were used in the case, water extract of propolis (WEP), ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), GW280264X (GW-synthetic inhibitor), and solvent (DMSO and ethanol) groups. The control group was fed a control diet, and all other groups were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 16 weeks. WEP (400 mg/kg/day), EEP (200 mg/kg/day), and GW (100 µg/kg/day) were administered intraperitoneally for the last four weeks. Animals were sacrificed, and blood, liver, aortic arch, and aortic root tissues were collected. In serum, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), and glucose (Glu) were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method, while interleukin-1β (IL-1β), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase-A2 (Lp-PLA2) were measured by ELISA. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) levels were measured in aortic arch by ELISA and ADAM10/17 activities were measured fluorometrically. In addition, aortic root and liver tissues were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically (ADAM10 and sortilin primary antibody). In the WEP, EEP, and GW groups compared to the case group, TC, TG, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, PLA2, MPO, ADAM10/17 activities, plaque burden, lipid accumulation, ADAM10, and sortilin levels decreased, while IL-10 and PON-1 levels increased (p < 0.003). Our study results show that propolis can effectively reduce atherosclerosis-related inflammation and dyslipidemia through ADAM10/17 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertugrul Yigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey;
| | - Orhan Deger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey;
| | - Katip Korkmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; (K.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Merve Huner Yigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53000 Rize, Turkey;
| | - Huseyin Avni Uydu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Samsun University, 55080 Samsun, Turkey;
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53000 Rize, Turkey;
| | - Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; (K.K.); (S.D.)
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Hwan Oh J, Kong CS, Lee J, Kim EH, Seo Y. Isolation of New Diterpenoids from the Halophyte, Vitex rotundifolia, and their Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301115. [PMID: 38334224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three diterpenoids (1-3), including one known compound (1), were isolated from the fruits of Vitex rotundifolia and their structures were determined via spectroscopic analysis. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, these compounds dose-dependently decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and nitric oxide production compared to those in the control cells. At 25 μM/mL, these compounds also diminished the protein expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and interleukin-6, with compound 3 exhibiting the most potent inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, Silla University, 140 Baegyang-daero, 700 beon-gil, Sasang-Gu, Busan, 46958, Korea
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Silla University, 140 Baegyang-daero, 700 beon-gil, Sasang-Gu, Busan, 46958, Korea
| | - Jihee Lee
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan, 49112, Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- Protein Structure Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28119, Korea
| | - Youngwan Seo
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-Gu, Busan, 49112, Korea
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de Melo LFM, Barbosa JDS, Cordeiro MLDS, Aquino-Martins VGDQ, da Silva AP, Paiva WDS, Silveira ER, dos Santos DYAC, Rocha HAO, Scortecci KC. The Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Potential of Coccoloba alnifolia Leaf Extracts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15885. [PMID: 37958868 PMCID: PMC10650087 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with different diseases, and different medicinal plants have been used to treat or prevent this condition. The leaf ethanolic extract (EE) and aqueous extract (AE) from Coccoloba alnifolia have previously been characterized to have antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we worked with EE and AE and two partition phases, AF (ethyl acetate) and BF (butanol), from AE extract. These extracts and partition phases did not display cytotoxicity. The EE and AE reduced NO production and ROS in all three concentrations tested. Furthermore, it was observed that EE and AE at 500 μg/mL concentration were able to reduce phagocytic activity by 30 and 50%, respectively. A scratch assay using a fibroblast cell line (NHI/3T3) showed that extracts and fractions induced cell migration with 60% wound recovery within 24 h, especially for BF. It was also observed that AF and BF had antioxidant potential in all the assays evaluated. In addition, copper chelation was observed. This activity was previously not detected in AE. The HPLC-DAD analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds such as p-cumaric acid and vitexin for extracts, while the GNPS annotated the presence of isoorientin, vitexin, kanakugiol, and tryptamine in the BF partition phase. The data presented here demonstrated that the EE, AE, AF, and BF of C. alnifolia have potential immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant effects, as well as in vitro wound healing characteristics, which are important for dynamic inflammation process control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Fentanes Moura de Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Jefferson da Silva Barbosa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Federal Institut of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), São Gonçalo do Amarante 59291-727, RN, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia da Silva Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Verônica Giuliani de Queiroz Aquino-Martins
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Ariana Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
| | - Weslley de Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Northeast Biotecnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Elielson Rodrigo Silveira
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Déborah Yara A. Cursino dos Santos
- Phytochemistry Laboratory, Botany Departament, Bioscience Institut, São Paulo University, São Paulo 05508-070, SP, Brazil; (E.R.S.); (D.Y.A.C.d.S.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Biochemistry Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (J.d.S.B.); (W.d.S.P.); (H.A.O.R.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
| | - Kátia Castanho Scortecci
- Laboratory of Plant Transformation and Microscopy Analysis (LPTAM), Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Centro de Biociências, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.F.M.d.M.); (V.G.d.Q.A.-M.); (A.P.d.S.)
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduation School Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil
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Park JH, Kim JH, Jang SI, Cho BO. Anti-inflammatory of disenecionyl cis-khellactone in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and the its inhibitory activity on soluble epoxide hydrolase. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21032. [PMID: 37876448 PMCID: PMC10590947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of disenecionyl cis-khellactone (DK) isolated from Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg, a traditional edible plant, in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Anti-inflammatory effects of DK were analyzed using various techniques, including NO assay, Western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. It was revealed that DK reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS. It was revealed that DK effectively downregulated expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 due to inhibition of NF-κB activation and suppressing the phosphorylation of p38 and jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Also, soluble epoxide hydrolase activity and expression were decreased by the proinflammatory inhibitor, DK. Finally, findings of this study suggest that DK isolated from P. japonicum might have potential as a therapeutic candidate for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Park
- Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hoon Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Eumsung, 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Il Jang
- Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 55069, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Ok Cho
- Institute of Health Science, Jeonju University, 303 Cheonjam-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 55069, Republic of Korea
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Berretta AA, Zamarrenho LG, Correa JA, De Lima JA, Borini GB, Ambrósio SR, Barud HDS, Bastos JK, De Jong D. Development and Characterization of New Green Propolis Extract Formulations as Promising Candidates to Substitute for Green Propolis Hydroalcoholic Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083510. [PMID: 37110745 PMCID: PMC10145546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The technologies used to produce the different dosage forms of propolis can selectively affect the original propolis compounds and their biological activities. The most common type of propolis extract is hydroethanolic. However, there is considerable demand for ethanol-free propolis presentations, including stable powder forms. Three propolis extract formulations were developed and investigated for chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity: polar propolis fraction (PPF), soluble propolis dry extract (PSDE), and microencapsulated propolis extract (MPE). The different technologies used to produce the extracts affected their physical appearance, chemical profile, and biological activity. PPF was found to contain mainly caffeic and p-Coumaric acid, while PSDE and MPE showed a chemical fingerprint closer to the original green propolis hydroalcoholic extract used. MPE, a fine powder (40% propolis in gum Arabic), was readily dispersible in water, and had less intense flavor, taste, and color than PSDE. PSDE, a fine powder (80% propolis) in maltodextrin as a carrier, was perfectly water-soluble and could be used in liquid formulations; it is transparent and has a strong bitter taste. PPF, a purified solid with large amounts of caffeic and p-Coumaric acids, had the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, and therefore merits further study. PSDE and MPE had antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and could be used in products tailored to specific needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Aparecida Berretta
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto 14020-670, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Gonçalves Zamarrenho
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto 14020-670, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 05508-060, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Arcadepani Correa
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto 14020-670, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Aparecida De Lima
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto 14020-670, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Bonfante Borini
- Research, Development & Innovation Department, Apis Flora Industrial e Comercial Ltda., Ribeirão Preto 14020-670, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
- Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technolog, University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, SP, Brazil
| | - Hernane da Silva Barud
- Biopolymers and Biomaterials Group, University of Araraquara, Araraquara 14801-320, SP, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David De Jong
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
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Santiago KB, Rodrigues JCZ, de Oliveira Cardoso E, Conte FL, Tasca KI, Romagnoli GG, Aldana-Mejía JA, Bastos JK, Sforcin JM. Brazilian red propolis exerts a cytotoxic action against prostate cancer cells and upregulates human monocyte functions. Phytother Res 2023; 37:399-409. [PMID: 36073666 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Different propolis samples can be obtained in Brazil, such as green, brown and red. Studies related to Brazilian red propolis (BRP) have increased in the last few years, so the aim of this study was to investigate its effects on the prostate cell lines LNCaP and PC-3 and on human monocytes. BRP chemical composition was analyzed by HPLC-DAD, the viability of monocyte and cancer cell by MTT assay. Cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) by monocytes was quantitated by ELISA, the expression of cell markers (TLR-2, TLR-4, HLA-DR, CD80) and reactive oxygen species by flow cytometry. The candidacidal activity and the effects of supernatant of treated monocytes on tumor cells were assessed. BRP affected LNCaP viability after 48 and 72 h, while PC-3 cells were more resistant over time. BRP upregulated CD80 and HLA-DR expression, and stimulated TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 production. BRP enhanced the fungicidal activity of monocytes, displayed an antioxidant action and the supernatant of BRP-treated monocytes diminished LNCaP viability. In the search for new immunomodulatory and antitumoral agents, BRP exerted a selective cytotoxic activity on prostate cancer cells and an immunomodulatory action, suggesting its potential for clinical trials with oncological patients and for the discovery of new immunomodulatory and antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen Ingrid Tasca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Department of Health Science, Oeste Paulista University (UNOESTE), Jaú, Brazil
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Coluccia A, Matti F, Zhu X, Lussi A, Stähli A, Sculean A, Eick S. In Vitro Study on Green Propolis as a Potential Ingredient of Oral Health Care Products. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121764. [PMID: 36551420 PMCID: PMC9774696 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is increasingly being discussed as an alternative to commonly used antiseptics. This in vitro study focused on the ethanolic extract of green Brazilian propolis (EEPg) as an additive in an oral health care product. We investigated (i) a potential inflammation-modulation activity of EEPg when a periodontal or Candida biofilm was exposed to monocytic (MONO-MAC-6) cells, (ii) the adhesion of oral pathogens to gingival keratinocytes and (iii) the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect of different toothpaste formulations. EEPg decreased the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and increased IL-10 in MONO-MAC cells challenged with a periodontal biofilm. In contact with TIGK cells, EEPg reduced the numbers of adherent Porphyromonas gingivalis to 0.5% but did not affect the adhesion of Candida albicans. The frequent brushing of a cariogenic biofilm with a toothpaste supplemented with EEPg reduced the surface microhardness loss of enamel specimens. Mixing an experimental erythritol toothpaste with 25 and 50 mg/mL of EEPg confirmed the antibacterial activity of EEPg against oral bacteria and particularly inhibited periodontal biofilm formation. The suggested toothpaste formulations seem to have potential in the prevention of caries, gingivitis and periodontitis and should be evaluated in further in vitro research and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Coluccia
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Matti
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Xilei Zhu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Zulhendri F, Lesmana R, Tandean S, Christoper A, Chandrasekaran K, Irsyam I, Suwantika AA, Abdulah R, Wathoni N. Recent Update on the Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Propolis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238473. [PMID: 36500579 PMCID: PMC9740431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research has demonstrated the efficacy propolis as a potential raw material for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. There is limited report detailing the mechanisms of action of propolis and its bioactive compounds in relation to their anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of the present review is to examine the latest experimental evidence (2017-2022) regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis. A systematic scoping review methodology was implemented. After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 166 research publications were identified and retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed. Several key themes related to the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis were subsequently identified, namely in relation to cancers, oral health, metabolic syndrome, organ toxicity and inflammation, immune system, wound healing, and pathogenic infections. Based on the latest experimental evidence, propolis is demonstrated to possess various mechanisms of action in modulating inflammation towards the regulatory balance and anti-inflammatory environment. In general, we summarize that propolis acts as an anti-inflammatory substance by inhibiting and downregulating TLR4, MyD88, IRAK4, TRIF, NLRP inflammasomes, NF-κB, and their associated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Propolis also reduces the migration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, possibly by downregulating the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Zulhendri
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe 22171, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Steven Tandean
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Andreas Christoper
- Postgraduate Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Ilham Irsyam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
| | - Auliya A. Suwantika
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Research Center of Biopolymers for Drug and Cosmetic Delivery, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
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10
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Enhancement of the Antioxidant Capacity of Thyme and Chestnut Honey by Addition of Bee Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193118. [PMID: 36230193 PMCID: PMC9564292 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey consumption and imports have increased in recent years, and it is considered by consumers to be a healthy alternative to more commonly used sweeteners. Honey contains a mixture of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds, and the botanical origin and geographical area of collection play an important role on its chemical composition. The present study investigated the physicochemical properties, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Spanish thyme honey and chestnut honey, and their mixtures with royal jelly (2% and 10%) and propolis (2% and 10%). The analysis of the physicochemical parameters of both honey samples showed values within the established limits. Propolis showed the highest value of total phenolic content (17.21–266.83 mg GAE/100 g) and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ORAC and ABTS assays; 0.63–24.10 µg eq. Tx/g, 1.61–40.82 µg eq. Tx/g and 1.89–68.54 µg eq. Tx/g, respectively), and significantly reduced ROS production in human hepatoma cells. In addition, mixtures of honey with 10% of propolis improved the results obtained with natural honey, increasing the value of total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. A significant positive correlation was observed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the antioxidant capacity could be attributed to the phenolic compounds present in the samples, at least partially. In conclusion, our results indicated that thyme and chestnut honey supplemented with propolis can be an excellent natural source of antioxidants and could be incorporated as a potential food ingredient with biological properties of technological interest, added as a preservative. Moreover, these mixtures could be used as natural sweeteners enriched in antioxidants and other bioactive compounds.
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11
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Chandika P, Khan F, Heo SY, Kim TH, Kim YM, Yi M, Jung WK. Multifunctional dual cross-linked poly (vinyl alcohol)/methacrylate hyaluronic acid/chitooligosaccharide-sinapic acid wound dressing hydrogel. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1137-1150. [PMID: 36162531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wound dressing hydrogel with multifunctional properties, including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and appropriate mechanical, biological, and physical properties is of great interest in wound healing application and it is still a challenge. In the present study, chitooligosaccharides (COS)/ sinapic acid (SA) conjugate (COS-SA) was synthesized using H2O2-induced grafting polymerization, and photo cross-linkable hyaluronic acid was synthesized using methacrilation (HAMA). The synthesis of COS-SA and HAMA was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and polyphenol assay. Subsequently, we developed duel cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/HAMA composite hydrogel encapsulated with COS-SA as an antioxidant and antimicrobial dressing for full-thickness wound healing application. The chemical, physical, mechanical, antioxidant, antimicrobial, in vitro biocompatibility, and in vivo wound healing properties of hydrogels were subsequently investigated. The results showed that the fabricated composite hydrogel had a uniform porous architecture, excellent fluid absorbability, and appropriate mechanical stability. The introduction of COSs-SA conjugate remarkably enhanced the in vitro biocompatibility, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of the hydrogel, leading to the significant promotion of in vivo full-thickness wound closure, re-epithelization, granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition indicating that COSs-SA incorporated PVA/HAMA hydrogel wound dressing has significant potential for chronic wound healing application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pathum Chandika
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlurrahman Khan
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yong Heo
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hee Kim
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Major of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunggi Yi
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Abou Baker DH. Can natural products modulate cytokine storm in SARS-CoV2 patients? BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 35:e00749. [PMID: 35702395 PMCID: PMC9181898 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the number of cases and deaths of SARS-CoV2, especially among the chronic disease groups, due to aggressive SARS-CoV2 infection is increasing day by day. Various infections, particularly viral ones, cause a cytokine storm resulting in shortness of breath, bleeding, hypotension, and ultimately multi-organ failure due to over-expression of certain cytokines and necrosis factors. The most prominent clinical feature of SARS-CoV2 is the presence of elevated proinflammatory cytokines in the serum of patients with SARS-CoV2. Severe cases exhibit higher levels of cytokines, leading to a "cytokine storm" that further increases disease severity and causes acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, and death. Therefore, targeted cytokine production could be a potential therapeutic option for patients severely infected with SARS-CoV2. Given the current scenario, great scientific progress has been made in understanding the disease and its forms of treatment. Because of natural ingredients properties, they have the potential to be used as potential agents with the ability to modulate immune responses. Moreover, they can be used safely because they have no toxic effects, are biodegradable and biocompatible. However, these natural substances can continue to be used in the development of new therapies and vaccines. Finally, the aim and approach of this review article is to highlight current research on the possible use of natural products with promising potential as immune response activators. Moreover, consider the expected use of natural products when developing potential therapies and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha H. Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, National Research Centre, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Institute, Dokki, Giza, PO 12622, Egypt
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13
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Lv B, Shen N, Cheng Z, Chen Y, Ding H, Yuan J, Zhao K, Zhang Y. Strategies for Biomaterial-Based Spinal Cord Injury Repair via the TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:813169. [PMID: 35600111 PMCID: PMC9116428 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.813169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair and motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a clinical challenge. Injury-induced gliosis and inflammation lead to a physical barrier and an extremely inhibitory microenvironment, which in turn hinders the recovery of SCI. TLR4-NF-κB is a classic implant-related innate immunomodulation signaling pathway and part of numerous biomaterial-based treatment strategies for SCI. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that the regulation of TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the alleviation of inflammatory responses, the modulation of autophagy, apoptosis and ferroptosis, and the enhancement of anti-oxidative effect post-SCI. An increasing number of novel biomaterials have been fabricated as scaffolds and carriers, loaded with phytochemicals and drugs, to inhibit the progression of SCI through regulation of TLR4-NF-κB. This review summarizes the empirical strategies for the recovery after SCI through individual or composite biomaterials that mediate the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Naiting Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangrong Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kangchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Shaw OM, Sawyer GM, Hurst RD, Dinnan H, Martell S. Dietary New Zealand propolis supplementation reduced proinflammatory cytokines in an acute mouse model of air pollution exposure, without impacting on immune cell infiltration or lung function. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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15
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Liu ZC, Yu WW, Zhou HC, Lan ZC, Wu T, Xiong SM, Yan L, Liu HB. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides ameliorate LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells and modify the behavioral score of peritonitis mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13889. [PMID: 34426988 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) and the possible molecular mechanism thereof were examined, so as to perceive the pharmacological action of LBP. With acute peritonitis in mice as the inflammatory model, the protective effect of LBP on peritonitis mice was evaluated by recording the effect of behavioral scores, studying the pathological damage of intestine and liver, and detecting the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, by establishing an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model, the effect of LBP on RAW264.7 cell phenotype and culture supernatant inflammatory markers was observed. Finally, the activation of inflammation-related target genes, such as iNOS, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and IκBα, were further detected. The results reveal that pretreatment with LBP could decrease the behavioral score of inflammatory mice, inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, and reduce liver and intestine injury. LBP can regulate the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the polarization of RAW264.7 cells, and reduce the production of NO and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Further, LBP pretreatment was found to be able to significantly reduce the expression of iNOS, TLR4, NF-κB p65, and IκBα in macrophages. The present research provides evidence that LBP exerts potential anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via inhibiting TLR4 and NF-κB inflammatory sites and improving the behavior score of peritonitis mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In recent years, the number of deaths worldwide has continued to rise as a result of inflammation. Despite said rise in deaths, many synthetic drugs with anti-inflammatory properties are significantly expensive and also have a host of side effects. Thus, the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs derived from medicinal plants has broad application potential. As such, in the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages were used to establish inflammatory cell models to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP). Findings were made that LBP could reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and NO by regulating macrophage polarization and NF-κB translocation, and thus, could exert anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, by intraperitoneal injection of LPS to establish peritonitis mice models, LBP pretreatment was found to have significantly modified the behavioral score of mice, while decreasing the secretion of inflammatory factors and the damage to several organs. The present study provides a basis for further understanding the effects of LBP in acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chang Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Yu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Cun Zhou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Cang Lan
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Meng Xiong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Long Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Clinical Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Clinical Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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16
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Yosri N, Abd El-Wahed AA, Ghonaim R, Khattab OM, Sabry A, Ibrahim MAA, Moustafa MF, Guo Z, Zou X, Algethami AFM, Masry SHD, AlAjmi MF, Afifi HS, Khalifa SAM, El-Seedi HR. Anti-Viral and Immunomodulatory Properties of Propolis: Chemical Diversity, Pharmacological Properties, Preclinical and Clinical Applications, and In Silico Potential against SARS-CoV-2. Foods 2021; 10:1776. [PMID: 34441553 PMCID: PMC8391193 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a resin produced by honeybees, has long been used as a dietary supplement and folk remedy, and more recent preclinical investigations have demonstrated a large spectrum of potential therapeutic bioactivities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antiviral properties. As an antiviral agent, propolis and various constituents have shown promising preclinical efficacy against adenoviruses, influenza viruses, respiratory tract viruses, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Over 300 chemical components have been identified in propolis, including terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, with the specific constituent profile varying widely according to geographic origin and regional flora. Propolis and its constituents have demonstrated potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 by modulating multiple pathogenic and antiviral pathways. Molecular docking studies have demonstrated high binding affinities of propolis derivatives to multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including 3C-like protease (3CLpro), papain-like protease (PLpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein (S-protein), and helicase (NSP13), as well as to the viral target angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Among these compounds, retusapurpurin A has shown high affinity to 3CLpro (ΔG = -9.4 kcal/mol), RdRp (-7.5), RBD (-7.2), NSP13 (-9.4), and ACE2 (-10.4) and potent inhibition of viral entry by forming hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues within viral and human target proteins. In addition, propolis-derived baccharin demonstrated even higher binding affinity towards PLpro (-8.2 kcal/mol). Measures of drug-likeness parameters, including metabolism, distribution, absorption, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) characteristics, also support the potential of propolis as an effective agent to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen Yosri
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Aida A. Abd El-Wahed
- Department of Bee Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza 12627, Egypt;
| | - Reem Ghonaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Omar M. Khattab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Aya Sabry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud F. Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (N.Y.); (Z.G.); (X.Z.)
| | | | - Saad H. D. Masry
- Department of Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt;
- Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Al Ain 52150, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed F. AlAjmi
- Pharmacognosy Group, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hanan S. Afifi
- Food Research Section, R&D Division, Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA), Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 52150, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, The Wenner-Gren Institute, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt; (R.G.); (O.M.K.); (A.S.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Yim J, Lim HH, Kwon Y. COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis: therapeutics in clinical trials, repurposing, and potential development. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:499-513. [PMID: 34047940 PMCID: PMC8161353 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01331-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In 2019, an unprecedented disease named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged and spread across the globe. Although the rapid transmission of COVID-19 has resulted in thousands of deaths and severe lung damage, conclusive treatment is not available. However, three COVID-19 vaccines have been authorized, and two more will be approved soon, according to a World Health Organization report on December 12, 2020. Many COVID-19 patients show symptoms of acute lung injury that eventually leads to pulmonary fibrosis. Our aim in this article is to present the relationship between pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19, with a focus on angiotensin converting enzyme-2. We also evaluate the radiological imaging methods computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) for visualization of patient lung condition. Moreover, we review possible therapeutics for COVID-19 using four categories: treatments related and unrelated to lung disease and treatments that have and have not entered clinical trials. Although many treatments have started clinical trials, they have some drawbacks, such as short-term and small-group testing, that need to be addressed as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joowon Yim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 120-750, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 120-750, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 120-750, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Berretta AA, Silveira MAD, Cóndor Capcha JM, De Jong D. Propolis and its potential against SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms and COVID-19 disease: Running title: Propolis against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110622. [PMID: 32890967 PMCID: PMC7430291 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a resinous material produced by honey bees from plant exudates, has long been used in traditional herbal medicine and is widely consumed as a health aid and immune system booster. The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed interest in propolis products worldwide; fortunately, various aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism are potential targets for propolis compounds. SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells is characterized by viral spike protein interaction with cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and serine protease TMPRSS2. This mechanism involves PAK1 overexpression, which is a kinase that mediates coronavirus-induced lung inflammation, fibrosis, and immune system suppression. Propolis components have inhibitory effects on the ACE2, TMPRSS2 and PAK1 signaling pathways; in addition, antiviral activity has been proven in vitro and in vivo. In pre-clinical studies, propolis promoted immunoregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including reduction in IL-6, IL-1 beta and TNF-α. This immunoregulation involves monocytes and macrophages, as well as Jak2/STAT3, NF-kB, and inflammasome pathways, reducing the risk of cytokine storm syndrome, a major mortality factor in advanced COVID-19 disease. Propolis has also shown promise as an aid in the treatment of various of the comorbidities that are particularly dangerous in COVID-19 patients, including respiratory diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. Standardized propolis products with consistent bioactive properties are now available. Given the current emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and limited therapeutic options, propolis is presented as a promising and relevant therapeutic option that is safe, easy to administrate orally and is readily available as a natural supplement and functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Aparecida Berretta
- Research, Development and Innovation Department, Apis Flora Indl. Coml. Ltda, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - José Manuel Cóndor Capcha
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute at Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States.
| | - David De Jong
- Genetics Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abbas AO, Alaqil AA, El-Beltagi HS, Abd El-Atty HK, Kamel NN. Modulating Laying Hens Productivity and Immune Performance in Response to Oxidative Stress Induced by E. coli Challenge Using Dietary Propolis Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E893. [PMID: 32967097 PMCID: PMC7555396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis (PR) is a resin product of bee colonies that has rich bioactive antioxidant and bactericidal compounds. Endotoxin, a byproduct of bacterial growth, is reported to cause progressive induction of endogenous oxidative stress and has negative impacts on individual health and wellbeing. Hereby, we investigated the ability of PR to alleviate the oxidative stress and immunosuppression imposed by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli using laying hen as a based model. In this study, PR was dietary supplemented to hens for 4 weeks at a concentration of 0.1%. At the beginning of the 4th week of the experiment, hens from control and PR treatment were injected with E. coli (O157:H7; 107 colonies/hen) or saline. The results showed significant (p < 0.05) negative impact of E. coli challenge on antioxidant status, immune response and productive performance. PR supplementation reduced (p < 0.05) inflammation markers levels (tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) and plasma corticosterone concentration. The antioxidant status was ameliorated with dietary PR supplementation to challenged hens, showing significant (p < 0.05) reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increasing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations. Cell mediated, as well as, humeral immune response improved significantly (p < 0.05) with dietary PR verified by the enhancement of T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation and the positive respond to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Leucocyte cells viability increased significantly and the apoptotic factor forkhead box O3 (Foxo3) was reduced with PR supplementation. The current study revealed that dietary PR supplementation can effectively be used as an organic feed additive to overcome the endogenous oxidative stress induced by endotoxins challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O. Abbas
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gamma St., Giza, Cairo P.O. Box 12613, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alaqil
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Gamma St., Giza, Cairo P.O. Box 12613, Egypt
| | - Hanaa K. Abd El-Atty
- Department of Poultry breeding, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza P.O. Box 12611, Egypt;
| | - Nancy N. Kamel
- Department of Animal Production, National Research Center, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Cairo P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
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Zhang W, Cai Y, Chen X, Ji T, Sun L. Optimized extraction based on the terpenoids of Heterotrigona itama propolis and their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13296. [PMID: 32529646 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Terpenoids are the main components of stingless bee propolis, their biological activities have not been fully quantified and investigated. In this study, the single-factor design and response surface methodology were applied to optimize the terpenoids extraction process in Heterotrigona itama (also called H. itama) propolis. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of terpenoid-rich extract were evaluated. The results showed with 95% ethanol/5% water, a material-liquid extraction yield of 1:30 g/ml, and extraction 72 hr for three extractions, the highest terpenoids content in H. itama propolis of 46.44 ± 0.07%. The H. itama propolis terpenoid-rich extract showed relative low antioxidant effect but inhibited inflammatory response by decreasing the inflammatory mediators iNOS, IL-1β, IL-10, and increasing the antioxidant mediators HO-1. This study provided experimental parameters for the terpenoids optimal extraction from H. itama propolis and revealed their strong anti-inflammatory activity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: H. itama stingless propolis is a newly founded stingless bee propolis type recently. H. itama stingless propolis has abundant terpenoids, however, scant information were provided regarding its extraction optimization. In this study, we investigated and obtained the optimal extract parameters of terpenoids in H. itama propolis,and demonstrated their strong anti-inflammatory activities; however, their antioxidant activities are relatively low. This study provided theoretical basis for the usage of H. itama stingless propolis in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Cai
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ting Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Asgharpour F, Moghadamnia AA, Kazemi S, Nouri HR, Motallebnejad M. Applying GC-MS analysis to identify chemical composition of Iranian propolis prepared with different solvent and evaluation of its biological activity. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:191-198. [PMID: 32509248 PMCID: PMC7265523 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.2.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Propolis as a natural product has shown beneficial effects on human health. This study was aimed to investigate the chemical compositions and biological activity of three different extracts of propolis from two distinct geographic areas in Iran. Methods: The chemical composition of Iranian propolis extracts that were collected in the Spring of 2016 from two provinces in northern Iran: Ardabil and Polur in Mazandaran Province were measured through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. In addition, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity effect on HN5 and LNCaP cell lines were evaluated. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The GC-MS analysis identified the presence of compounds that belonged to the different groups such as aromatics acids and their related esters, flavonoid and flavonoid derivatives and terpenes. Flavanone was the most dominant compound of flavonoids. The maximum growth inhibition was observed against S. aureus of ethanolic extract of propolis (p<0.05). Moreover, cytotoxicity showed that ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts had more inhibitory effects on cell lines than the water extract. Conclusion: The results determined that extracts had the highest percentage of flavonoids. Therefore, it is expected that the synergistic effect of the main components of propolis is related to the increase of biological activity of propolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Asgharpour
- Dental Materials Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mina Motallebnejad
- Oral Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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