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Duragkar N, Chikhale R, Piechota M, Danta CC, Gandhale P, Itankar P, Chikhale S, Gurav N, Khan MS, Pokrzywa W, Thapa P, Bryce R, Gurav S. SARS-CoV-2 inhibitory potential of fish oil-derived 2-pyrone compounds by acquiring linoleic acid binding site on the spike protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133634. [PMID: 38964690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Traditional medicines have reportedly treated SARS-CoV-2 infection. Substantial evidence shows that fish oil supplements promote human immune function, suggesting they may lessen susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and suppress viral replication by inducing interferon. Fish oil was subjected to partition chromatography and separated into two compounds (EP01 and DH01). Isolated compounds were purified and characterized using UV, FTIR, NMR, and mass spectrometry to confirm their identity. Molecular docking was studied on the SARS CoV-2 variants of concern; SARS CoV-2 WT (PDB: 6VXX), SARS CoV-2 Alpha variant (PDB: 7LWS), SARS CoV-2 Delta variant (PDB: 7TOU), SARS CoV-2 Gamma variant (PDB: 7V78), SARS CoV-2 Kappa variant (PDB: 7VX9), and SARS CoV-2 Omicron variant (PDB: 7QO7) and TMPRSS2 (PDB: 7Y0E). Further selected protein-ligand complexes were subjected to 100 ns MD simulations to predict their biological potential in the SARS-CoV-2 treatment. In-vitro biological studies were carried out to support in-silico findings. Isolated compounds EP01 and DH01 were identified as 5-Tridecyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one and 5-Heptadecyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one, respectively. The compound EP01 significantly reduced (93.24 %) the viral RNA copy number with an IC50 of ~8.661 μM. EP01 proved to be a potent antiviral by in-vitro method against the SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate, making it a promising antiviral candidate, with a single dose capable of preventing viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rupesh Chikhale
- UCL School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, Brunswick Square, London, UK; Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Malgorzata Piechota
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Pradeep Gandhale
- ICAR- National Institute of High-Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal 462 022, India
| | - Prakash Itankar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R. T. M. University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonali Chikhale
- School of Life Science, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Nilambari Gurav
- PES's Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Ponda, Goa University, Goa, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wojciech Pokrzywa
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pankaj Thapa
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Richard Bryce
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
| | - Shailendra Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa University, Goa, India.
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Savekar PL, Nadaf SJ, Killedar SG, Kumbar VM, Hoskeri JH, Bhagwat DA, Gurav SS. Citric acid cross-linked pomegranate peel extract-loaded pH-responsive β-cyclodextrin/carboxymethyl tapioca starch hydrogel film for diabetic wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133366. [PMID: 38914385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract (PPE) hydrogel films filled with citric acid (CA) and β-cyclodextrin-carboxymethyl tapioca starch (CMS) were designed mainly to prevent wound infections and speed up the healing process. FTIR and NMR studies corroborated the carboxymethylation of neat tapioca starch (NS). CMS exhibited superior swelling behavior than NS. The amount of CA and β-CD controlled the physicochemical parameters of developed PPE/CA/β-CD/CMS films. Optimized film (OF) exhibited acceptable swellability, wound fluid absorptivity, water vapor transmission rate, water contact angle, and mechanical properties. Biodegradable, biocompatible, and antibacterial films exhibited pH dependence in the release of ellagic acid for up to 24 h. In mice model, PPE/CA/β-CD/CMS hydrogel film treatment showed promising wound healing effects, including increased collagen deposition, reduced inflammation, activation of the Wingless-related integration site (wnt) pathway leading to cell division, proliferation, and migration to the wound site. The expression of the WNT3A gene did not show any significant differences among all the studied groups. Developed PPE-loaded CA/β-CD/CMS film promoted wound healing by epithelialization, granulation tissue thickness, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, hence could be recommended as a biodegradable and antibacterial hydrogel platform to improve the cell proliferation during the healing of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav L Savekar
- Shivraj College of Pharmacy, Gadhinglaj 416502, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sameer J Nadaf
- Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Palus 416310, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Suresh G Killedar
- Anandi Pharmacy College, Kalambe Tarf Kale 416205, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vijay M Kumbar
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590 010, Karnataka, India
| | - Joy H Hoskeri
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Karnataka State Akkamahadevi Women's University, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Shailendra S Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Goa 403001, India.
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Li Y, Li S, Shou Z, Li Y, Li A, Liu W, Zhang X, Zhou C, Xu D, Li L. Integration of network pharmacology with experimental validation to reveal the mechanism of action of Longdan Xiegan Decoction against HSV2 infection and determine its effective components. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117861. [PMID: 38316223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has made enormous strides recently in the discovery of anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) drugs under the guidance of TCM theory. Longdan Xiegan Decoction (LXD), a formulation recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, has proved to be effective against HSV infection. However, its effective components and action mechanism remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effective components and mechanisms of LXD in treating HSV infection based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-HSV activities of key compounds predicted by network analysis were detected by antiviral tests. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to identify the main components of the LXD aqueous extract. Time-of-addition assay and infectivity inhibition reversibility assay were conducted to identify the potential antiviral mechanisms of licochalcone B (LCB). Additionally, we assessed the antiviral effect of LCB in vivo by use of body weight, viral load, histological analysis, and scoring of genital lesions in an HSV2-infected mouse model. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that some components exhibited significant anti-HSV1/2 activity in vitro, including quercetin, kaempferol, wogonin, formononetin, naringenin, baicalein, isorhamnetin, glabridin, licochalcone A, echinatin, oroxylin A, isoliquiritigenin, pinocembrin, LCB and acacetin. HPLC analysis showed that LCB was the main component of LXD aqueous extract. In vitro experiments revealed that LCB not only inactivated HSV2 particles, but also inhibited HSV2 multiplication through the inhibition of the phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream targets. In vivo experiments confirmed that LCB could significantly reduce viral titer, delay weight loss, and alleviate pathological changes in vaginal tissue in vaginal infection mouse models. CONCLUSION LCB acted as the main component of LXD, with significant anti-HSV2 infection effects both in vivo and in vitro. This study provides additional evidence of the healing efficacy of LXD against HSV infection and presents an efficient analytical method for further investigation of the mechanisms of TCM in prevention and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Siyan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Xinhua University, Guangzhou, 510520, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zeren Shou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yibin Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Axin Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chengliang Zhou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Daohua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Gandhale P, Chikhale R, Khanal P, Biswa V, Ali R, Khan MS, Gurav N, Ayyanar M, Das S, Gurav S. Quest for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral therapeutics: in-silico and in-vitro analysis of edible mushroom- Cordyceps militaris. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100979. [PMID: 38871595 PMCID: PMC11282376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.100979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 resulted a severe threat to public health globally. Due to the lack of an effective vaccine with durable immunity, the disease transited into the endemic phase, necessitating potent antiviral therapy including a scientific basis for current traditional herbal medicine. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to conduct a pharmacoinformatic analysis of selected chemical ingredients and in-vitro evaluation of Cordyceps militaris extract against SARS-CoV-2. MATERIALS AND METHODS C. militaris, the widely used fungus in conventional herbal medicine, was subjected to computational investigation using molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and network pharmacology analysis followed by the in-vitro assay for evaluating its anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential. RESULTS The molecular docking analysis of C. militaris revealed the Cordycepin's highest affinity (-9.71 kcal/mol) than other molecules, i.e., Cicadapeptin-I, Cicadapeptin-II, Cordycerebroside-B, and N-Acetyl galactosamine to the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. C. militaris aqueous extract could reduce the SARS-CoV-2 viral copy numbers by 50.24% using crude extract at 100 μg/mL concentration. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that C. militaris has promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and may be explored as traditional medicine for managing the COVID-19 surge in the endemic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Gandhale
- ICAR-National Institute of High-Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh- 462 021, India
| | - Rupesh Chikhale
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology, KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER) Belagavi- 590010, India
| | - Vashkar Biswa
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Assam, 783 370, India
| | - Raju Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Assam, 783 370, India
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilambari Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, PES's Rajaram and Tarabai Bandekar College of Pharmacy, Ponda, Goa-403 401, India
| | - Muniappan Ayyanar
- Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandeep Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Bodoland University, Assam, 783 370, India
| | - Shailendra Gurav
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Goa College of Pharmacy, Goa University, Goa- 403 001, India.
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Zhang H, Ge S, Diao F, Song W, Zhang Y, Zhuang P, Zhang Y. Network pharmacology integrated with experimental verification reveals the antipyretic characteristics and mechanism of Zi Xue powder. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1512-1524. [PMID: 38069658 PMCID: PMC11001279 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2287658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Zi Xue Powder (ZXP) is a traditional formula for the treatment of fever. However, the potential mechanism of action of ZXP remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study elucidates the antipyretic characteristics of ZXP and the mechanism by which ZXP alleviates fever. MATERIALS AND METHODS The key targets and underlying fever-reducing mechanisms of ZXP were predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking. The targets of ZXP anti-fever active ingredient were obtained by searching TCMSP, STITCH and HERB. Moreover, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ZXP (0.54, 1.08, 2.16 g/kg), and positive control (acetaminophen, 0.045 g/kg); the fever model was established by intraperitoneal LPS injection. After the fever model was established at 0.5 h, the rats were administered treatment by gavage, and the anal temperature changes of each group were observed over 10 h after treatment. After 10 h, ELISA and Western blot analysis were used to further investigate the mechanism of ZXP. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis showed that MAPK was a crucial pathway through which ZXP suppresses fever. The results showed that ZXP (2.16 g/kg) decreased PGE2, CRH, TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-1β levels while increasing AVP level compared to the LPS group. Furthermore, the intervention of ZXP inhibited the activation of MAPK pathway in LPS-induced fever rats. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the mechanism by which ZXP reduces fever and provides important information and new research ideas for the discovery of antipyretic compounds from traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shining Ge
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengyin Diao
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Song
- Tianjin Hongrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Tianjin Hongrentang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengwei Zhuang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Yu J, Shi H, Song K, Yang Y, Li X, Peng L, Fu B, Yi P. Naringenin Improves Innate Immune Suppression after PRRSV Infection by Reactivating the RIG-I-MAVS Signaling Pathway, Promoting the Production of IFN-I. Viruses 2023; 15:2172. [PMID: 38005850 PMCID: PMC10674737 DOI: 10.3390/v15112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been prevalent for nearly forty years since it was first reported. It has been one of the major diseases jeopardizing the healthy development of the world swine industry, as well as causing great economic losses to the industry's economic development. Furthermore, no way has been found to combat the disease due to the immunosuppressive properties of its pathogen porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. We previously examined the mRNA expression of IFN-I in PRRSV-infected Marc-145 cells at different time periods using qRT-PCR, and found that the mRNA expression of IFN-I in the late stage of PRRSV infection showed suppression. Naringenin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits and has a very wide range of pharmacological activities. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the modulatory effect of naringenin on the suppressed innate immune response after PRRSV infection. The expression of IFN-I, IL-10, and ISGs in the late stage of PRRSV infection was examined using qRT-PCR, and the results showed that naringenin improved the expression of antiviral cytokines suppressed by PRRSV infection. Further results showed that naringenin treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of proteins related to the RIG-I-MAV immune signaling pathway, and that naringenin could not significantly activate the RIG-I-MAVS signaling pathway after the addition of the RIG-I inhibitor Cyclo. Overall, these data demonstrated that naringenin could improve the innate immune response suppressed by PRRSV infection by modulating the RIG-I-MAVS signaling pathway. Therefore, our study will provide a theoretical basis for the development of naringenin as a drug against immunosuppressive viral infectious disease infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pengfei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (J.Y.); (H.S.); (K.S.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (L.P.); (B.F.)
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Suhandi C, Alfathonah SS, Hasanah AN. Potency of Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia mangostana L. for COVID-19 Treatment through Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Main Protease Blockade: A Computational Study. Molecules 2023; 28:5187. [PMID: 37446849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ACE2 and Mpro in the pathology of SARS-CoV-2 show great potential in developing COVID-19 drugs as therapeutic targets, due to their roles as the "gate" of viral entry and viral reproduction. Of the many potential compounds for ACE2 and Mpro inhibition, α-mangostin is a promising candidate. Unfortunately, the potential of α-mangostin as a secondary metabolite with the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity is hindered due to its low solubility in water. Other xanthone isolates, which also possess the xanthone core structure like α-mangostin, are predicted to be potential alternatives to α-mangostin in COVID-19 treatment, addressing the low drug-likeness of α-mangostin. This study aims to assess the potential of xanthone derivative compounds in the pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) through computational study. The study was conducted through screening activity using molecular docking study, drug-likeness prediction using Lipinski's rule of five filtration, pharmacokinetic and toxicity prediction to evaluate the safety profile, and molecular dynamic study to evaluate the stability of formed interactions. The research results showed that there were 11 compounds with high potential to inhibit ACE2 and 12 compounds to inhibit Mpro. However, only garcinone B, in addition to being indicated as active, also possesses a drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profile that was suitable. The molecular dynamic study exhibited proper stability interaction between garcinone B with ACE2 and Mpro. Therefore, garcinone B, as a xanthone derivative isolate compound, has promising potential for further study as a COVID-19 treatment as an ACE2 and Mpro inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecep Suhandi
- Department Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Department Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Siti Sarah Alfathonah
- Department Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Cai J, Wen H, Zhou H, Zhang D, Lan D, Liu S, Li C, Dai X, Song T, Wang X, He Y, He Z, Tan J, Zhang J. Naringenin: A flavanone with anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114990. [PMID: 37315435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a growing body of research has recently shown how crucial inflammation and infection are to all major diseases, several of the medications currently available on the market have various unfavourable side effects, necessitating the development of alternative therapeutic choices. Researchers are increasingly interested in alternative medications or active components derived from natural sources. Naringenin is a commonly consumed flavonoid found in many plants, and since it was discovered to have nutritional benefits, it has been utilized to treat inflammation and infections caused by particular bacteria or viruses. However, the absence of adequate clinical data and naringenin's poor solubility and stability severely restrict its usage as a medicinal agent. In this article, we discuss naringenin's effects and mechanisms of action on autoimmune-induced inflammation, bacterial infections, and viral infections based on recent research. We also present a few suggestions for enhancing naringenin's solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This paper emphasizes the potential use of naringenin as an anti-inflammatory and anti-infective agent and the next prophylactic substance for the treatment of various inflammatory and infectious diseases, even though some mechanisms of action are still unclear, and offers some theoretical support for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Cai
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Hongli Wen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - He Zhou
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Library, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Dongfeng Lan
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Songpo Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Chunyang Li
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xiaofang Dai
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xianyao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Zhixu He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Jidong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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9
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Alexova R, Alexandrova S, Dragomanova S, Kalfin R, Solak A, Mehan S, Petralia MC, Fagone P, Mangano K, Nicoletti F, Tancheva L. Anti-COVID-19 Potential of Ellagic Acid and Polyphenols of Punica granatum L. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093772. [PMID: 37175181 PMCID: PMC10180134 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a rich source of polyphenols, including ellagitannins and ellagic acid. The plant is used in traditional medicine, and its purified components can provide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and support of host defenses during viral infection and recovery from disease. Current data show that pomegranate polyphenol extract and its ellagitannin components and metabolites exert their beneficial effects by controlling immune cell infiltration, regulating the cytokine secretion and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production, and by modulating the activity of the NFκB pathway. In vitro, pomegranate extracts and ellagitannins interact with and inhibit the infectivity of a range of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. In silico docking studies show that ellagitannins bind to several SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, including a number of proteases. This warrants further exploration of polyphenol-viral and polyphenol-host interactions in in vitro and in vivo studies. Pomegranate extracts, ellagitannins and ellagic acid are promising agents to target the SARS-CoV-2 virus and to restrict the host inflammatory response to viral infections, as well as to supplement the depleted host antioxidant levels during the stage of recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralitza Alexova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Zdrave Str. 2, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Simona Alexandrova
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stela Dragomanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Marin Drinov Str. 55, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Healthcare, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Ivan Mihailov Str. 66, 2700 Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
| | - Ayten Solak
- Institute of Cryobiology and Food Technologies, Cherni Vrah Blvd. 5, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Neuroscience, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, India
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Department of Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str., Block 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Hao T, Chen C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Liang F. Mangiferin exerts neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia in mice by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:383-391. [PMID: 36322276 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mangiferin is a natural free radical scavenging antioxidant that induces excitation of the central nervous system. However, the mechanism of neuroprotective effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed to investigate the effect of mangiferin on focal cerebral ischemia. Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham, MCAO, MCAO + 5 mg/kg mangiferin, MCAO + 20 mg/kg mangiferin and MCAO + 5 mg/kg nimodipine. Neurobehavioral scores, brain edema, brain injury scores, relative infarct size and expression of some inflammatory factors in the brain were evaluated. NF-κB pathway was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS The results showed that mangiferin effectively attenuated MCAO-induced brain injury, including improvement of neurological impairment, reduction of brain edema, and reduction of infarct size. Compared with the MCAO group, mangiferin significantly inhibited MCAO-induced neuroinflammation, which can be proved by reduced expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2. In addition, we found that phosphorylation of IκBα was inhibited and the expression of NF-κB p65 in the nucleus was reduced after the addition of mangiferin. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that mangiferin exerts neuroprotective effects on focal cerebral ischemia in mice by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Mangiferin may be an effective treatment for cerebral ischemia and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpao Hao
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Southern white elephant town, Ouhai district, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Departments of Neurology, Wuhu NO.1 People's Hospital, 241000, Wuhu, NO, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feiyu Liang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Southern white elephant town, Ouhai district, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
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11
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Afzal MF, Khalid W, Akram S, Khalid MA, Zubair M, Kauser S, Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed K, Aziz A, Anusha Siddiqui S. Bioactive profile and functional food applications of banana in food sectors and health: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2130940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Akram
- Department of Home Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Home Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Safura Kauser
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Abdelsamea Mohamedahmed
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Afifa Aziz
- Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Quakenbrück, Germany
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12
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Dai J, He Y, Fang J, Wang H, Chao L, Zhao L, Hong Z, Chai Y. In Vitro Evaluation of the Interaction of Seven Biologically Active Components in Anemarrhenae rhizoma with P-gp. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238556. [PMID: 36500651 PMCID: PMC9740098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the biologically active components in Anemarrhenae rhizoma (AR) would be affected by the interaction of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) and effective components in AR. However, little is known about the interaction between them. The goal of this research was to examine the transmembrane absorption of timosaponin AIII(TAIII), timosaponin BII(TBII), sarsasapogenin (SSG), mangiferin(MGF), neomangiferin(NMGF), isomangiferin(IMGF), and baohuosideI(BHI) in AR and their interaction with P-gp. Seven effective components in AR(TAIII, TBII, SSG, MGF, NMGF, IMGF, and BHI) were investigated, and MDCK-MDR1 cells were used as the transport cell model. CCK-8 assays, bidirectional transport assays, and Rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) transport assays were determined in the MDCK-MDR1 cells. LC/MS was applied to the quantitative analysis of TAIII, TBII, MGF, NMGF, IMGF, SSG, and BHI in transport samples. The efflux ratio of MGF, TAIII, TBII, and BHI was greater than 2 and significantly descended with the co-administration of Verapamil, indicating MGF, TAIII, TBII, and BHI as the substrates of P-gp. The efflux ratio of the seven effective components in the extracts (10 mg/mL) of AR decreased from 3.00~1.08 to 1.92~0.48. Compared to the efflux ratio of Rh-123 in the control group (2.46), the efflux ratios of Rh-123 were 1.22, 1.27, 1.25, 1.09, 1.31, and 1.47 by the addition of TAIII, TBII, MGF, IMGF, NMGF, and BHI, respectively, while the efflux ratio of Rh-123 with the co-administration of SSG had no statistical difference compared to the control group. These results indicated that MGF, TAIII, TBII, and BHI could be the substrates of P-gp. TAIII, TBII, MGF, IMGF, NMGF, and BHI show the effect of inhibiting P-gp function, respectively. These findings provide important basic pharmacological data to assist the therapeutic development of AR constituents and extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuzhen He
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiahao Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liang Chao
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai 201908, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Z.H.); Tel.: +86-21-66861212-6303 (L.Z.); +86-21-81871269 (Z.H.)
| | - Zhanying Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Z.H.); Tel.: +86-21-66861212-6303 (L.Z.); +86-21-81871269 (Z.H.)
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolite Research, Shanghai 200433, China
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Computational investigation of natural compounds as potential main protease (M pro) inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 virus. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106318. [PMID: 36423529 PMCID: PMC9673090 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significantly impacting human lives, overburdening the healthcare system and weakening global economies. Plant-derived natural compounds are being largely tested for their efficacy against COVID-19 targets to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 Main protease (Mpro) is considered an appealing target because of its role in replication in host cells. We curated a set of 7809 natural compounds by combining the collections of five databases viz Dr Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical database, IMPPAT, PhytoHub, AromaDb and Zinc. We applied a rigorous computational approach to identify lead molecules from our curated compound set using docking, dynamic simulations, the free energy of binding and DFT calculations. Theaflavin and ginkgetin have emerged as better molecules with a similar inhibition profile in both SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron variants.
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14
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Wang H, Hao W, Yang L, Yan P, Wei S. Preconditioning with procyanidin B2 protects MAC-T cells against heat exposure-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Mol Immunol 2022; 147:126-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zulkipli M, Mahbub N, Fatima A, Wan-Lin SL, Khoo TJ, Mahboob T, Rajagopal M, Samudi C, Kathirvalu G, Abdullah NH, Pinho AR, Oliveira SMR, Pereira MDL, Rahmatullah M, Hasan A, Paul AK, Butler MS, Nawaz M, Wilairatana P, Nissapatorn V, Wiart C. Isolation and Characterization of Werneria Chromene and Dihydroxyacidissimol from Burkillanthus malaccensis (Ridl.) Swingle. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1388. [PMID: 35684161 PMCID: PMC9182682 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The secondary metabolites of endemic plants from the Rutaceae family, such as Burkillanthusmalaccensis (Ridl.) Swingle from the rainforest of Malaysia, has not been studied. Burkillanthusmalaccensis (Ridl.) Swingle may produce antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiating secondary metabolites. Hexane, chloroform, and methanol extracts of leaves, bark, wood, pericarps, and endocarps were tested against bacteria by broth microdilution assay and their antibiotic-potentiating activities. Chromatographic separations of hexane extracts of seeds were conducted to investigate effective phytochemicals and their antibacterial activities. Molecular docking studies of werneria chromene and dihydroxyacidissiminol against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection were conducted using AutoDock Vina. The methanol extract of bark inhibited the growth of Staphylococcusaureus, Escherichiacoli, and Pseudomonasaeruginosa with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 250, 500, and 250 µg/mL, respectively. The chloroform extract of endocarps potentiated the activity of imipenem against imipenem-resistant Acinetobacterbaumannii. The hexane extract of seeds increased the sensitivity of P. aeruginosa against ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. The hexane extract of seeds and chloroform extract of endocarps were chromatographed, yielding werneria chromene and dihydroxyacidissiminol. Werneria chromene was bacteriostatic for P.aeruginosa and P.putida, with MIC/MBC values of 1000 > 1000 µg/mL. Dihydroxyacidissiminol showed the predicted binding energies of −8.1, −7.6, −7.0, and −7.5 kcal/mol with cathepsin L, nsp13 helicase, SARS-CoV-2 main protease, and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain S-RBD. Burkillanthusmalaccensis (Ridl.) Swingle can be a potential source of natural products with antibiotic-potentiating activity and that are anti-SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masyitah Zulkipli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (S.L.W.-L.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Nuzum Mahbub
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (S.L.W.-L.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Ayesha Fatima
- Beykoz Institute of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey;
| | - Stefanie Lim Wan-Lin
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (S.L.W.-L.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Teng-Jin Khoo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (N.M.); (S.L.W.-L.); (T.-J.K.)
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.M.); (C.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Chandramathi Samudi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.M.); (C.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Gheetanjali Kathirvalu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (T.M.); (C.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Nor Hayati Abdullah
- Natural Product Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Kepong 52109, Malaysia;
| | - Ana Rita Pinho
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.P.); (M.d.L.P.)
- Neuroscience and Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine-IBIMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sonia M. R. Oliveira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.P.); (M.d.L.P.)
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Anamul Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;
| | - Mark S. Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRM), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Christophe Wiart
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
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Second-Order Scattering Quenching in Fluorescence Spectra of Natural Humates as a Tracer of Formation Stable Supramolecular System for the Delivery of Poorly Soluble Antiviral Drugs on the Example of Mangiferin and Favipiravir. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040767. [PMID: 35456601 PMCID: PMC9030643 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the methods of dynamic light scattering and fluorescence spectroscopy were applied to study the optical properties of aqueous dilutions of the humic substances complex (HC) as a potential drug delivery system. The supramolecular structures in the humate solution were characterized as monodisperse systems of the submicron range with a tendency to decrease in particle size with a decrease in the dry matter concentration. The slightly alkaline medium (8.3) of the studied aqueous dilutions of HC causes the absence of a pronounced fluorescence maximum in the region from 400 to 500 nm. However, the presence of an analytically significant, inversely proportional to the concentration second-order scattering (SOS) signal at 2λex = λem was shown. In the examples of the antiviral substances mangiferin and favipiravir, it was shown that the use of the humic complex as a drug carrier makes it possible to increase the solubility by several times and simultaneously obtain a system with a smaller particle size of the dispersed phase. It has been shown that HC can interact with mangiferin and favipiravir to form stable structures, which lead to a significant decrease in SOS intensities on HC SOS spectra. The scattering wavelengths, λex/λem, were registered at 350 nm/750 nm for mangiferin and 365 nm/730 nm for favipiravir, respectively. The increments of the scattering intensities (I0/I) turned out to be proportional to the concentration of antiviral components in a certain range of concentrations.
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Paving New Roads Towards Biodiversity-Based Drug Development in Brazil: Lessons from the Past and Future Perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 31:505-518. [PMID: 34548709 PMCID: PMC8447804 DOI: 10.1007/s43450-021-00181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although Brazil gathers two fundamental features to occupy a leading position on the development of biodiversity-based medicines, the largest flora on earth and a broad tradition on the use of medicinal plants, the number of products derived from the national genetic heritage is so far modest, either as single drugs or as herbal medicines. This article highlights some aspects that may have contributed to the low rates of success and proposes new insights for innovation. We initially approach the use of medicinal plants in Brazil, molded by its ethnic diversity, and the development of the local pharmaceutical industry. A discussion of some governmental initiatives to support plant-based drug development is then presented. Employing the economic concept of “middle-income trap,” we further propose that Brazil is stuck in a “middle-level science trap,” since the increase in the number of scientific publications that launched the country to an intermediate publishing position has not been translated into drug development. Two new approaches to escape from this trap are presented, which may result in innovative drug development. The first is based on the exploitation of the antifragility properties of herbal products aiming to investigate non-canonical pharmacodynamics mechanisms of action, aligned with the concepts of system biology. The second is the manufacture of herbal products based on the circular economy principles, including the use of byproducts for the development of new therapeutical agents. The adoption of these strategies may result in innovative phytomedicines, with global competitiveness.
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