1
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Gu X, Wei S, Lv X. Circulating tumor cells: from new biological insights to clinical practice. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:226. [PMID: 39218931 PMCID: PMC11366768 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary reason for high mortality rates among cancer patients is metastasis, where tumor cells migrate through the bloodstream from the original site to other parts of the body. Recent advancements in technology have significantly enhanced our comprehension of the mechanisms behind the bloodborne spread of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). One critical process, DNA methylation, regulates gene expression and chromosome stability, thus maintaining dynamic equilibrium in the body. Global hypomethylation and locus-specific hypermethylation are examples of changes in DNA methylation patterns that are pivotal to carcinogenesis. This comprehensive review first provides an overview of the various processes that contribute to the formation of CTCs, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune surveillance, and colonization. We then conduct an in-depth analysis of how modifications in DNA methylation within CTCs impact each of these critical stages during CTC dissemination. Furthermore, we explored potential clinical implications of changes in DNA methylation in CTCs for patients with cancer. By understanding these epigenetic modifications, we can gain insights into the metastatic process and identify new biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and targeted therapies. This review aims to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical application, highlighting the significance of DNA methylation in the context of cancer metastasis and offering new avenues for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyou Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Galla R, Mulè S, Ferrari S, Grigolon C, Molinari C, Uberti F. Palmitoylethanolamide as a Supplement: The Importance of Dose-Dependent Effects for Improving Nervous Tissue Health in an In Vitro Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9079. [PMID: 39201765 PMCID: PMC11354262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a highly lipophilic molecule with low solubility, making absorption difficult. Recent techniques like micronisation, ultra-micronisation and combining PEA with solvents have improved their bioavailability and stability. Our study analysed particle size differences and absorption kinetics using specific solvents (PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ) over time (0.5 h-6 h) in a dose-dependent manner (200 mg-1800 mg). The results showed that PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ achieved 82-63% absorption at 3 h, compared to 30-60% for micronised, ultra-micronised PEA and a commercial product, highlighting the optimal dose range of 300 mg-600 mg. In addition, a 3D model of the peripheral nerve was utilised to explain the efficacy after gut passage and support the most effective dose (300 mg or 600 mg) achieved at the gut level. PEAΩ and PEA DynoΩ, which are associated with better intestinal bioavailability compared to PEA-micronised, PEA ultra-micronised and a commercial product, have allowed not only a reduction in the inflammatory context but also an improvement of peripheral nerve well-being by increasing specific markers like MPZ (26-36% vs. 8-15%), p75 (25-32% vs. 13-16%) and NRG1 (22-29.5% vs. 11-14%). These results highlight the potential of advanced PEA formulations to overcome solubility challenges and maintain in vitro efficacy, modulating peripheral nerve well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
- Noivita S.r.l.s., Spin Off of University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Mulè
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
| | - Chiara Grigolon
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (C.G.)
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3
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Gu T, Wen Y, Zhou Q, Yuan W, Guo H, Chang WL, Yang Q. Fungal metabolite altersolanol a exhibits potent cytotoxicity against human placental trophoblasts in vitro via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Mycotoxin Res 2024; 40:419-432. [PMID: 38717551 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-024-00539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Altersolanol A, a fungus-derived tetrahydroanthraquinone, has shown cytotoxic effects on multiple cancer cells. However, its reproductive toxicity in humans has not been well-addressed. The present study was aimed at investigating the cytotoxicity of altersolanol A on human placental trophoblasts including choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3 and normal trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo in vitro. The results showed that altersolanol A inhibited proliferation and colony formation of human trophoblasts, and the choriocarcinoma cells were more sensitive to the compound than the normal trophoblasts. Altersolanol A induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in JEG-3 cells and S phase in HTR-8/SVneo cells, downregulated the expression of cell cycle-related checkpoint proteins, and upregulated the p21 level. Altersolanol A also promoted apoptosis in human trophoblasts via elevating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreasing both caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels. Meanwhile, altersolanol A suppressed the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced ROS production and cytochrome c release, which activated the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis. Moreover, migration and invasion were inhibited upon altersolanol A exposure with downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in JEG-3 cells and MMP-9 in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Mechanically, altersolanol A supplement decreased the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38, manifesting the inactivation of MAPK signaling pathway in the human trophoblasts. In conclusion, altersolanol A exhibited potential reproductive cytotoxicity against human trophoblasts via promoting mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and , Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Haichun Guo
- Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Health Care of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Wen-Lin Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University (Longhua People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518036, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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4
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Liao S, Chen Y, Luo Y, Zhang M, Min J. The phenotypic changes of Schwann cells promote the functional repair of nerve injury. Neuropeptides 2024; 106:102438. [PMID: 38749170 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Functional recovery after nerve injury is a significant challenge due to the complex nature of nerve injury repair and the non-regeneration of neurons. Schwann cells (SCs), play a crucial role in the nerve injury repair process because of their high plasticity, secretion, and migration abilities. Upon nerve injury, SCs undergo a phenotypic change and redifferentiate into a repair phenotype, which helps in healing by recruiting phagocytes, removing myelin fragments, promoting axon regeneration, and facilitating myelin formation. However, the repair phenotype can be unstable, limiting the effectiveness of the repair. Recent research has found that transplantation of SCs can be an effective treatment option, therefore, it is essential to comprehend the phenotypic changes of SCs and clarify the related mechanisms to develop the transplantation therapy further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufen Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Yin Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China
| | - Jun Min
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China.
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5
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Mulè S, Rosso G, Botta M, Brovero A, Ferrari S, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. Design of Mixed Medicinal Plants, Rich in Polyphenols, Vitamins B, and Palmitoylethanolamide-Based Supplement to Help Reduce Nerve Pain: A Preclinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4790. [PMID: 38732008 PMCID: PMC11083932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathy affects 7-10% of the general population and is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. The limitations of current therapies highlight the necessity of a new innovative approach to treating neuropathic pain (NP) based on the close correlation between oxidative stress, inflammatory process, and antioxidant action. The advantageous outcomes of a novel combination composed of Hop extract, Propolis, Ginkgo Biloba, Vitamin B, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) used as a treatment was evaluated in this study. To assess the absorption and biodistribution of the combination, its bioavailability was first examined in a 3D intestinal barrier model that replicated intestinal absorption. Further, a 3D nerve tissue model was developed to study the biological impacts of the combination during the essential pathways involved in NP. Our findings show that the combination could cross the intestinal barrier and reach the peripheral nervous system, where it modulates the oxidative stress, inflammation levels, and myelination mechanism (increased NRG, MPZ, ERB, and p75 levels) under Schwann cells damaging. This study proves the effectiveness of Ginkgo Biloba, Propolis, Hop extract, Vitamin B, and PEA in avoiding nerve damage and suggests a potential alternative nutraceutical treatment for NP and neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mulè
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Mattia Botta
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Arianna Brovero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy;
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
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6
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Liu HY, Ji YL, Du H, Chen SH, Wang DP, Lv QL. Bacoside a inhibits the growth of glioma by promoting apoptosis and autophagy in U251 and U87 cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2105-2120. [PMID: 37782380 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacoside A (gypenoside, Gyp) is a potent bioactive compound derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, known to exert inhibitory effects on various malignant tumors. However, the effects of Gyp on glioma as well as the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we first conducted a comprehensive investigation into the anti-glioma potential of gypenosides using network pharmacology to identify potential glioma-related targets. Protein-protein interaction networks were assembled, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed for shared targets. Experimental validation involved assessing the viability of U251 and U87 cell lines using the MTS method. Furthermore, trans-well and scratch migration assays evaluated the cell migration, while flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 staining were utilized for apoptosis assessment. The study also monitored changes in autophagy flow through fluorescence microscopy. The expression levels of proteins pertinent to migration, apoptosis, and autophagy were tested using Western blotting. Findings revealed that Gyp upregulated apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and cleaved caspase-9), downregulated anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and migration-associated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). Furthermore, autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1 and LC3 II) were upregulated, and p62 protein expression was downregulated. Gyp displayed considerable potential in suppressing glioma progression by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and promoting apoptosis and autophagy. Gyp may offer potential clinical therapeutic choices in glioma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu-Long Ji
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Du
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Da-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Qiao-Li Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, 330029, Jiangxi, China.
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Mulè S, Ferrari S, Rosso G, Brovero A, Botta M, Congiusta A, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. The Combined Antioxidant Effects of N-Acetylcysteine, Vitamin D3, and Glutathione from the Intestinal-Neuronal In Vitro Model. Foods 2024; 13:774. [PMID: 38472887 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress has been consistently linked to age-related diseases, conditions, and degenerative syndromes. Specifically, the brain is the organ that significantly contributes to declining quality of life in ageing. Since the body cannot completely counteract the detrimental effects of oxidative stress, nutraceuticals' antioxidant properties have received significant attention in recent years. This study assesses the potential health benefits of a novel combination of glutathione, vitamin D3, and N-acetylcysteine. To examine the combination's absorption and biodistribution and confirm that it has no harmful effects, the bioavailability of the mixture was first evaluated in a 3D model that mimicked the intestinal barrier. Further analyses on the blood-brain barrier was conducted to determine the antioxidant effects of the combination in the nervous system. The results show that the combination reaches the target and successfully crosses the blood-brain and intestinal barriers, demonstrating enhanced advantages on the neurological system, such as a reduction (about 10.5%) in inflammation and enhancement in cell myelination (about 20.4%) and brain tropism (about 18.1%) compared to the control. The results support the cooperative effect of N-acetylcysteine, vitamin D3, and glutathione to achieve multiple health benefits, outlining the possibility of an alternative nutraceutical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mulè
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Arianna Brovero
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Botta
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Alessia Congiusta
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
- Noivita S.r.l.s., Spin Off of University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale, UPO, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
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8
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Hu Z, Dai J, Xu T, Chen H, Shen G, Zhou J, Ma H, Wang Y, Jin L. FGF18 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Respir Res 2024; 25:108. [PMID: 38419044 PMCID: PMC10902988 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating clinical disorder with a high mortality rate, and there is an urgent need for more effective therapies. Fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) has potent anti-inflammatory properties and therefore has become a focus of research for the treatment of lung injury. However, the precise role of FGF18 in the pathological process of ALI and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. METHODS A mouse model of ALI and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was established in vivo and in vitro. AAV-FGF18 and FGF18 proteins were used in C57BL/6J mice and HUVEC, respectively. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and p65 protein levels were determined by western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Afterward, related inhibitors were used to explore the potential mechanism by which FGF18 relieves inflammation. RESULTS In this study, we found that FGF18 was significantly upregulated in LPS-induced ALI mouse lung tissues and LPS-stimulated HUVECs. Furthermore, our studies demonstrated that overexpressing FGF18 in the lung or HUVEC could significantly alleviate LPS-induced lung injury and inhibit vascular leakage. CONCLUSIONS Mechanically, FGF18 treatment dramatically inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, these results indicate that FGF18 attenuates lung injury, at least partially, via the NF-κB signaling pathway and therefore may be a potential therapeutic target for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jindan Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tianpeng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guoxiu Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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9
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Alharbi KS. The ncRNA-TGF-β axis: Unveiling new frontiers in colorectal cancer research. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155138. [PMID: 38266458 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial global challenge, necessitating a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings governing its onset and progression. The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) network has been a well-recognized cornerstone in advancing CRC. Nevertheless, a recent study has highlighted the growing importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in this context. This comprehensive review aims to present an extensive examination of the interaction between ncRNAs and TGF-signaling. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), encompassing circular RNAs (circRNAs), long-ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), have surfaced as pivotal modulators governing various aspects of TGF-β signaling. MiRNAs have been discovered to target elements within the TGF-β signaling, either enhancing or inhibiting signaling, depending on the context. LncRNAs have been associated with CRC progression, functioning as miRNA sponges or directly influencing TGF-β pathway elements. Even circRNAs, a relatively recent addition to the ncRNA family, have impacted CRC, affecting TGF-β signaling through diverse mechanisms. This review encompasses recent progress in comprehending specific ncRNAs involved in TGF-β signaling, their functional roles, and their clinical relevance in CRC. We investigate the possibility of ncRNAs as targets for detection, prognosis, and therapy. Additionally, we explore the interaction of TGF-β and other pathways in CRC and the role of ncRNAs within this intricate network. As we unveil the intricate regulatory function of ncRNAs in the TGF-β signaling in CRC, we gain valuable insights into the disease's pathogenesis. Incorporating these discoveries into clinical settings holds promise for more precise diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapeutic approaches, ultimately enhancing the care of CRC patients. This comprehensive review underscores the ever-evolving landscape of ncRNA research in CRC and the potential for novel interventions in the battle against this formidable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Ding Z, Jiang M, Qian J, Gu D, Bai H, Cai M, Yao D. Role of transforming growth factor-β in peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:380-386. [PMID: 37488894 PMCID: PMC10503632 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.377588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries caused by trauma and neurodegenerative diseases can damage the peripheral nervous system and cause functional deficits. Unlike in the central nervous system, damaged axons in peripheral nerves can be induced to regenerate in response to intrinsic cues after reprogramming or in a growth-promoting microenvironment created by Schwann cells. However, axon regeneration and repair do not automatically result in the restoration of function, which is the ultimate therapeutic goal but also a major clinical challenge. Transforming growth factor (TGF) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates various biological processes including tissue repair, embryo development, and cell growth and differentiation. There is accumulating evidence that TGF-β family proteins participate in peripheral nerve repair through various factors and signaling pathways by regulating the growth and transformation of Schwann cells; recruiting specific immune cells; controlling the permeability of the blood-nerve barrier, thereby stimulating axon growth; and inhibiting remyelination of regenerated axons. TGF-β has been applied to the treatment of peripheral nerve injury in animal models. In this context, we review the functions of TGF-β in peripheral nerve regeneration and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Maorong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaxi Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiyuan Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Cai
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dengbing Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Shan Y, Zheng L, Zhang S, Qian B. Abnormal expression of FOXM1 in carcinogenesis of renal cell carcinoma: From experimental findings to clinical applications. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 692:149251. [PMID: 38056162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a prevalent malignancy within the genitourinary system. At present, patients with high-grade or advanced RCC continue to have a bleak prognosis. Mounting research have emphasized the significant involvement of Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in RCC development and progression. Therefore, it is imperative to consolidate the existing evidence regarding the contributions of FOXM1 to RCC tumorigenesis through a comprehensive review. This study elucidated the essential functions of FOXM1 in promoting RCC growth, invasion, and metastasis by regulating cell cycle progression, DNA repair, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Also, FOXM1 might serve as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for RCC. Clinical findings demonstrated that the expression of FOXM1 was markedly upregulated in RCC samples, while a high level of FOXM1 was found to be associated with a poor overall survival rate of RCC. Furthermore, it is worth noting that FOXM1 may have a significant impact on the resistance of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to radiotherapy. This observation suggests that inhibiting FOXM1 could be a promising strategy to impede the progression of RCC and enhance its sensitivity to radiotherapy. The present review highlighted the pivotal role of FOXM1 in RCC development. FOXM1 has the capacity to emerge as not only a valuable diagnostic and prognostic tool but also a viable therapeutic option for unresectable RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Shan
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Postgraduate Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Biao Qian
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Urology and Andrology of Ganzhou, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
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12
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Gu M, Cheng X, Zhang D, Wu W, Cao Y, He J. Chemokine platelet factor 4 accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration by regulating Schwann cell activation and axon elongation. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:190-195. [PMID: 37488866 PMCID: PMC10479853 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells in peripheral nerves react to traumatic nerve injury by attempting to grow and regenerate. However, it is unclear what factors play a role in this process. In this study, we searched a GEO database and found that expression of platelet factor 4 was markedly up-regulated after sciatic nerve injury. Platelet factor is an important molecule in cell apoptosis, differentiation, survival, and proliferation. Further, polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the change in platelet factor 4 in the sciatic nerve at different time points after injury. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed that platelet factor 4 was secreted by Schwann cells. We also found that silencing platelet factor 4 decreased the proliferation and migration of primary cultured Schwann cells, while exogenously applied platelet factor 4 stimulated Schwann cell proliferation and migration and neuronal axon growth. Furthermore, knocking out platelet factor 4 inhibited the proliferation of Schwann cells in injured rat sciatic nerve. These findings suggest that Schwann cell-secreted platelet factor 4 may facilitate peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by regulating Schwann cell activation and axon growth. Thus, platelet factor 4 may be a potential therapeutic target for traumatic peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianghong He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Xie X, Sun Y, Peng J, Zhang Z, Wang M, Wang Z, Lei C, Huang Y, Nie Z. Collagen Anchoring Protein-Nucleic Acid Chimeric Probe for In Situ In Vivo Mapping of a Tumor-Specific Protease. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18487-18496. [PMID: 38057291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In situ analysis of biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is important to reveal their potential roles in tumor progression and early diagnosis of tumors but remains a challenge. In this work, a bottom-up modular assembly strategy was proposed for a multifunctional protein-nucleic chimeric probe (PNCP) for in situ mapping of cancer-specific proteases. PNCP, containing a collagen anchoring module and a target proteolysis-responsive isothermal amplification sensor module, can be anchored in the collagen-rich TME and respond to the target protease in situ and generate amplified signals through rolling cycle amplification of tandem fluorescent RNAs. Taking matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), a tumor-associated protease, as the model, the feasibility of PNCP was demonstrated for the in situ detection of MMP-2 activity in 3D tumor spheroids. Moreover, in situ in vivo mapping of MMP-2 activity was also achieved in a metastatic solid tumor model with high sensitivity, providing a useful tool for evaluating tumor metastasis and distinguishing highly aggressive forms of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jialong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Wang
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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He J, Du Z, Zhang H, Wang B, Xia J. Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells loaded with RVG-Lamp2b and Netrin-1 promotes Schwann cell invasion and migration. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102219. [PMID: 37716176 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Netrin-1 has a neuroprotective effect by regulating angiogenesis, autophagy, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. This study investigated the effects of netrin-1 delivery to mouse Schwann cells and vascular endothelial cells using exosomes modified with rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) peptides. MATERIALS AND METHODS RVG-Lamp2b and/or Netrin-1 were overexpressed in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to obtain exosomes modified with RVG-Lamp2b and/or loaded with Netrin-1. Then, exosomes were labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester and co-cultured with mouse Schwann cells and endothelial cells. Netrin-1 expression in Schwann cells and endothelial cells was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Moreover, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assays and Transwell assays were used to detect proliferation, migration, and invasion of Schwann cells and endothelial cells. RESULTS Exosomes with RVG-Lamp2b entered Schwann cells more readily compared with the exosomes without RVG-Lamp2b. Meanwhile, this was not the case in endothelial cells. Netrin-1-loaded exosomes significantly promoted Netrin-1 expression, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Schwann cells and endothelial cells. These effects were further enhanced by Netrin-1-loaded exosomes modified with RVG-Lamp2b in Schwann cells, but not in endothelial cells. CONCLUSION HucMSC-derived exosomes loaded with RVG-Lamp2b and Netrin-1 promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongju Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jurong Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
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Wang Z. Role of transforming growth factor-β in airway remodelling in bronchiolitis obliterans. Growth Factors 2023; 41:192-209. [PMID: 37487145 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2023.2239356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Airway remodelling is the main pathological mechanism of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO). Several studies have found that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression is increased in BO during airway remodelling, where it plays an important role in various biological processes by binding to its receptor complex to activate multiple signalling proteins and pathways. This review examines the role of TGF-β in airway remodelling in BO and its potential as a therapeutic target, highlighting the mechanisms of TGF-β activation and signalling, cellular targets of TGF-β actions, and research progress in TGF-β signalling and TGF-β-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhang T, Gan Y, Bai Y, Hao W, Zeng Z, Wu F, Li X. Influence of cold-stimulated adipocyte supernatant on the expression of adhesion-related molecules in Schwann cell line. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101523. [PMID: 37529013 PMCID: PMC10388730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bell's palsy is the most common form of facial nerve palsy. This study aimed to explore the pathogenesis of Bell's palsy by investigating the effect of cold-stimulated adipocyte supernatant on adhesion molecule expression in Schwann cell line. Schwann cells were cultured in regular or adipocyte-conditioned medium and analyzed using RNA sequencing. The mRNA expression of Schwann cell adhesion molecules melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), and intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) was determined using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Differentially expressed genes were identified, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were conducted. Compared with Schwann cells in 37 °C, the expression of MCAM, PCDH9, and ICAM1 was downregulated in Schwann cells treated with cold-stimulated adipocyte supernatant compared with Schwann cells in 37 °C. Adipocytes subjected to cold exposure may weaken the adhesion capacity of Schwann cells and disrupt the local homeostasis of Schwann cell-axon interactions by affecting the expression of MCAM, PCDH9, and ICAM1, ultimately leading to the development of demyelinating lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefeng Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yaxin Gan
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yulan Bai
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Weijiang Hao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ziqi Zeng
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xianqi Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, 399-0781, Japan
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17
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Zheng W, Guo Y, Zhang G, Bai J, Song Y, Song X, Zhu Q, Bao X, Wu G, Zhang C. Peptide encoded by lncRNA BVES-AS1 promotes cell viability, migration, and invasion in colorectal cancer cells via the SRC/mTOR signaling pathway. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287133. [PMID: 37347740 PMCID: PMC10286995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to harbor open reading frames (ORFs) that can be translated into small peptides. The peptides may participate in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we investigated the role of a lncRNA BVES-AS1-encoded peptide in colorectal tumorigenesis. Through bioinformatic analysis, lncRNA BVES-AS1 was predicted to have encoding potential and to be associated with poor prognosis of patients with CRC. In CRC cells, BVES-AS1 was validated to encode a 50-aa-length micro-peptide, named BVES-AS1-201-50aa, through a western blotting method. BVES-AS1-201-50aa enhanced cell viability and promoted the migratory and invasive capacities of HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells in vitro, validated via CCK-8 assay and transwell assay, respectively. Immunofluorescence assay showed that BVES-AS1-201-50aa increased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in CRC cells. We further verified that BVES-AS1-201-50aa targeted and activated the Src/mTOR signaling pathway in CRC cells by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiment, qualitative proteomic analysis, and western blotting. Our findings demonstrated that BVES-AS1 could encode a micro-peptide, which promoted CRC cell viability, migration, and invasion in vitro. Our current work broadens the diversity and breadth of lncRNAs in human carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yingchang Guo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Guangtan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yucheng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Qinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangcai People’s Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan Province, China
| | - Xuebin Bao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Pan J, Liu M, Duan X, Wang D. A short peptide LINC00665_18aa encoded by lncRNA LINC00665 suppresses the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells through the regulation of the CREB1/RPS6KA3 interaction. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286422. [PMID: 37285335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) encompass short open reading frames (sORFs) that can be translated into small peptides. Here, we investigated the encoding potential of lncRNA LINC00665 in osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Bioinformatic analyses were utilized to predict the lncRNAs with encoding potential in human U2OS cells. Protein expression was assessed by an immunoblotting or immunofluorescence method. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Cell proliferation was detected by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Cell migration was gauged by transwell assay. The downstream effectors of the short peptide were verified using qualitative proteome analysis after immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments. The effect of the short peptide on protein interactions were confirmed by Co-Immunoprecipitation (CoIP) assays. We found that lncRNA LINC00665 encoded an 18-amino acid (aa)-long short peptide (named LINC00665_18aa). LINC00665_18aa suppressed the viability, proliferation, and migration of human MNNG-HOS and U2OS OS cells in vitro and diminished tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00665_18aa impaired the transcriptional activity, nuclear localization, and phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1). Moreover, LINC00665_18aa weakened the interaction between CREB1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3 (RPS6KA3, RSK2). Additionally, increased expression of CREB1 reversed the inhibitory effects of LINC00665_18aa on OS cell proliferation and migration. Our findings show that the short peptide LINC00665_18aa exerts a tumor-inhibitory function in OS, providing a new basis for cancer therapeutics through the functions of the short peptides encoded by lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaozong Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Sun XC, Wang H, Ma X, Xia HF. Application of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model. ASAIO J 2023; 69:e256-e264. [PMID: 37039820 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) is a hot topic in clinic. In this study, female rats were selected and randomly divided into four groups (normal, sham, SCI, and mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] groups). Hemostatic forceps were used to clamp the spinal cord for 1 min to establish the SCI animal model in rats. The levels of proinflammatory factors in the blood of each group were compared 4 h after operation. The motor function of hind limb was estimated by Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan Locomotor rating scale (BBB scale) at 3 months after surgery, the spinal cord tissue from the experimental area was obtained and stained histologically and immunohistochemically. Basso, Beattie & Bresnahan Locomotor rating scale results indicated that human umbilical cord (HUC) MSCs transplantation could improve the walking ability in rats with the SCI. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells substantially upregulated the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and downregulated the secretion of proinflammatory factors, and promoted the repair of the SCI and inhibited the increase of glial cells induced by the SCI. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation can partially recovered the motor ability of rats with the SCI through promoting the regeneration of nerve cell and the expression of neural related genes, and inhibiting inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Cheng Sun
- From the Reproductive and Genetic Center, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research (NRIFP), National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Medical Genetics, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Hu Wang
- From the Reproductive and Genetic Center, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research (NRIFP), National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- From the Reproductive and Genetic Center, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research (NRIFP), National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Fei Xia
- From the Reproductive and Genetic Center, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research (NRIFP), National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China
- Graduate Schools, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Novel Approach to the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain Using a Combination with Palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. in an In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065503. [PMID: 36982577 PMCID: PMC10053612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a typical patient disorder resulting from damage and dysfunction of the peripheral neuraxis. Injury to peripheral nerves in the upper extremities can result in a lifelong reduction in quality of life and a devastating loss of sensory and motor function. Since some standard pharmaceutical therapies can cause dependence or intolerance, nonpharmacological treatments have gained great interest in recent years. In this context, the beneficial effects of a new combination of palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. are evaluated in the present study. The bioavailability of the combination was initially analyzed in a 3D intestinal barrier simulating oral intake to analyze its absorption/biodistribution and exclude cytotoxicity. In a further step, a 3D nerve tissue model was performed to study the biological effects of the combination during the key mechanisms leading to peripheral neuropathy. Our results demonstrate that the combination successfully crossed the intestinal barrier and reached the target site, modulating the nerve recovery mechanism after Schwann cell injury and offering the initial response of relieving pain. This work supported the efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. in reducing neuropathy and modifying the major pain mechanisms, outlining a possible alternative nutraceutical approach.
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21
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Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Hao H, Yan M. Hypoxic culture of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived sEVs prompts peripheral nerve injury repair. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 16:897224. [PMID: 36970310 PMCID: PMC10035596 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.897224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionRepair and regeneration of the peripheral nerve are important for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury (PNI) caused by mechanical tears, external compression injuries and traction injuries. Pharmacological treatment can promote the proliferation of fibroblasts and Schwann cells (SCs), which longitudinally fill the endoneurial canal and form Bungner’s band, helping the repair of peripheral nerves. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of PNI has become a top priority in recent years.MethodsHere, we report that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) produced from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) cultured under hypoxia promote repair and regeneration of the peripheral nerve in PNI and may be a new therapeutic drug candidate.ResultsThe results showed that the amount of secreted sEVs was significantly increased in UC-MSCs compared with control cells after 48 h of culture at 3% oxygen partial pressure in a serum-free culture system. The identified MSC-sEVs could be taken up by SCs in vitro, promoting the growth and migration of SCs. In a spared nerve injury (SNI) mouse model, MSC-sEVs accelerated the recruitment of SCs at the site of PNI and promoted peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. Notably, repair and regeneration in the SNI mouse model were enhanced by treatment with hypoxic cultured UC-MSC-derived sEVs.DiscussionTherefore, we conclude that hypoxic cultured UC-MSC-derived sEVs may be a promising candidate drug for repair and regeneration in PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhu
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ziying Zhu,
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Hao
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Haojie Hao,
| | - Muyang Yan
- The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Muyang Yan,
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Oh S, Zheng S, Fang M, Kim M, Bellere AD, Jeong J, Yi TH. Anti-Photoaging Effect of Phaseolus angularis L. Extract on UVB-Exposed HaCaT Keratinocytes and Possibilities as Cosmetic Materials. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031407. [PMID: 36771069 PMCID: PMC9919029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phaseolus angularis L. is widely cultivated and is considered a superfood because of its nutritious protein and starch contents. Nevertheless, P. angularis's effects on skin photoaging are unknown. The aim of this study was to research the effects of P. angularis seed extract (PASE) on photoaging in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) damaged by UVB radiation so as to find out whether PASE can be used as an effective anti-photoaging ingredient in cosmetic products. The antioxidant activities were assessed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis was used to determine the change in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3. The protein levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein (AP)-1, transforming growth factor beta (TGF)-β/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad), and NF-E2-related factor (Nrf)2/antioxidant response element (ARE) were measured by western blot. As a result, PASE increased DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activities in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, PASE treatment (100 µg/mL) significantly reverted the damage induced by UVB (125 mJ/cm2) irradiation by downregulating ROS, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, and MMP-3 secretion and expression and increasing procollagen type I production. To suppress MMP-1 and MMP-3 secretion, PASE significantly decreased UVB-induced p38 and JNK phosphorylation and phosphorylated c-Fos and c-Jun nuclear translocation. PASE promoted collagen I production by inhibiting UVB-induced TGF-β activation and Smad7 overexpression; antioxidant properties also arose from the stimulation of the Nrf2-dependent expression of the antioxidant enzymes heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and quinone oxidoreductase (NQO)-1. Our data demonstrated that PASE has the potential to prevent ROS formation induced by UVB exposure by targeting specific pathways. Thus, PASE might be a potent anti-photoaging component to exploit in developing anti-aging products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarang Oh
- Snowwhitefactory Co., Ltd., 807 Nonhyeon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06032, Republic of Korea
| | - Shengdao Zheng
- Snowwhitefactory Co., Ltd., 807 Nonhyeon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06032, Republic of Korea
| | - Minzhe Fang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongju Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Arce Defeo Bellere
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehaeng Jeong
- Snowwhitefactory Co., Ltd., 807 Nonhyeon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06032, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoo Yi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17104, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-201-3693
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Liao D, Su X, Wang J, Yu J, Luo H, Tian W, Ye Z, He J. Pushing the envelope: Immune mechanism and application landscape of macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113715. [PMID: 36761746 PMCID: PMC9902699 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma fermentans can cause respiratory diseases, arthritis, genitourinary tract infections, and chronic fatigue syndrome and have been linked to the development of the human immunodeficiency virus. Because mycoplasma lacks a cell wall, its outer membrane lipoproteins are one of the main factors that induce inflammation in the organism and contribute to disease development. Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) modulates the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages in a bidirectional fashion, indirectly enhances the cytotoxicity of NK cells, promotes oxidative bursts in neutrophils, upregulates surface markers on lymphocytes, enhances antigen presentation on dendritic cells and induces immune inflammatory responses in sebocytes and mesenchymal cells. MALP-2 is a promising vaccine adjuvant for this application. It also promotes vascular healing and regeneration, accelerates wound and bone healing, suppresses tumors and metastasis, and reduces lung infections and inflammation. MALP-2 has a simple structure, is easy to synthesize, and has promising prospects for clinical application. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanisms of MALP-2 activation in immune cells, focusing on the application of MALP-2 in animals/humans to provide a basis for the study of pathogenesis in Mycoplasma fermentans and the translation of MALP-2 into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyong Liao
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoling Su
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jingyun Wang
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jianwei Yu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Haodang Luo
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Tian
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zufeng Ye
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun He
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China,*Correspondence: Jun He,
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24
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Negro S, Pirazzini M, Rigoni M. Models and methods to study Schwann cells. J Anat 2022; 241:1235-1258. [PMID: 34988978 PMCID: PMC9558160 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are fundamental components of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of all vertebrates and play essential roles in development, maintenance, function, and regeneration of peripheral nerves. There are distinct populations of SCs including: (1) myelinating SCs that ensheath axons by a specialized plasma membrane, called myelin, which enhances the conduction of electric impulses; (2) non-myelinating SCs, including Remak SCs, which wrap bundles of multiple axons of small caliber, and perysinaptic SCs (PSCs), associated with motor axon terminals at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). All types of SCs contribute to PNS regeneration through striking morphological and functional changes in response to nerve injury, are affected in peripheral neuropathies and show abnormalities and a diminished plasticity during aging. Therefore, methodological approaches to study and manipulate SCs in physiological and pathophysiological conditions are crucial to expand the present knowledge on SC biology and to devise new therapeutic strategies to counteract neurodegenerative conditions and age-derived denervation. We present here an updated overview of traditional and emerging methodologies for the study of SCs for scientists approaching this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Negro
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Marco Pirazzini
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
- CIR‐MyoCentro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca di MiologiaUniversity of PaduaPadovaItaly
| | - Michela Rigoni
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
- CIR‐MyoCentro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca di MiologiaUniversity of PaduaPadovaItaly
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25
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Lv D, Lai Q, Zhang Q, Wang JH, Li YC, Zeng GZ, Yin JL. 3-Deoxysappanchalcone isolated from Caesalpinia sinensis shows anticancer effects on HeLa and PC3 cell lines: invasion, migration, cell cycle arrest, and signaling pathway. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11013. [PMID: 36276736 PMCID: PMC9582709 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the antitumor activity of compound 3-desoxysulforaphane (3-DSC) isolated from Caesalpinia sinensis, SRB assay, clone formation assay, flow cytometric cell cycle assay, scratch assay, transwell assay, and molecular docking were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of 3-DSC on HeLa and PC3 cells. The results showed that 3-DSC inhibited the cell migration and invasion by down-regulating expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in HeLa and PC3 cells; It also inhibits cell proliferation by promoting the expression of CDK1 (cyclin-dependent kinases 1) and CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinases 2), which arrests the tumor cell cycle at G2 phase. 3-DSC inhibits phosphorylation of AKT and ERK and upregulates the expression of the tumor suppressor gene p53. Molecular docking results confirmed that 3-DSC could bind firmly to AKT. In conclusion, 3-DSC inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HeLa and PC3 cells.
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26
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Zhao XY, Zhang XL. DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor 5-AZA-DC Regulates TGF β1-Mediated Alteration of Neuroglial Cell Functions after Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9259465. [PMID: 36211817 PMCID: PMC9534700 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9259465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
5-AZA-DC is an efficient methylation inhibitor that inhibits methylation of target DNA. In this study, we explored the effects of 5-AZA-DC on the regulation of TGFβ1 on target genes in neuroglial cell, as well as neuroglial cell functions under oxidative stress. The oxidative stress was constructed by editing CRISPR/Cas9 for knock out Ang-1 and ApoE4 genes. Cells were subjected to TGFβ1OE (or shTGFβ1) transfection and/or 5-AZA-DC intervention. Results showed that under oxidative stress, both TGFβ1OE and shTGFβ1 transfection raised DNMT1, but reduced TGFβ1, PTEN, and TSC2 expressions in neuroglial cells. TGFβ1 directly bind to the promoter of PTEN gene. 5-AZA-DC intervention lowered DNMT1 and raised TGFβ1 expression, as well as promoted the binding between TGFβ1 and promoter of PTEN. TGFβ1OE caused a significant increase in the DNA demethylation level of PTEN promoter, while 5-AZA-DC intervention reduced the DNA demethylation level of PTEN promoter. Under oxidative stress, TGFβ1OE (or shTGFβ1) transfection inhibited neuroglial cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, promoted cell apoptosis. 5-AZA-DC intervention alleviated TGFβ1OE (or shTGFβ1) transfection caused neuroglial cell proliferation, migration, and invasion inhibition, as well as cell apoptosis. To conclude, these results suggest that 5-AZA-DC can be used as a potential drug for epigenetic therapy on oxidative stress damage in neuroglial cells. The findings of this research provide theoretical basis and research ideas for methylation drug intervention and TGFβ1 gene as a possible precise target of glial oxidative stress diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People's Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou 510800, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fifth Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People's Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou 510800, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Maslankova J, Vecurkovska I, Rabajdova M, Katuchova J, Kicka M, Gayova M, Katuch V. Regulation of transforming growth factor-β signaling as a therapeutic approach to treating colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:4744-4761. [PMID: 36156927 PMCID: PMC9476856 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i33.4744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to data from 2020, Slovakia has long been among the top five countries with the highest incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) worldwide, and the rate is continuing to rise every year. In approximately 80% of CRC cases, allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity, LOH) occurs in the long arm of chromosome 18q. The most important genes that can be silenced by 18q LOH or mutations are small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) 2 and SMAD4, which are intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily signals. TGF-β plays an important role in the pro-oncogenic processes, including such properties as invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (commonly known as EMT), promotion of angiogenesis, and immunomodulatory effects. Several recent studies have reported that activation of TGF-β signaling is related to drug resistance in CRC. Because the mechanisms of drug resistance are different between patients in different stages of CRC, personalized treatment is more effective. Therefore, knowledge of the activation and inhibition of factors that affect the TGF-β signaling pathway is very important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Maslankova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice 04011, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Vecurkovska
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice 04011, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Rabajdova
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice 04011, Slovakia
| | - Jana Katuchova
- First Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty of Safarik University, Kosice 04011, Kosicky kraj, Slovakia
| | - Milos Kicka
- First Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty of Safarik University, Kosice 04011, Kosicky kraj, Slovakia
| | - Michala Gayova
- Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Faculty at Safarik University and University Hospital, Kosice 04011, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Katuch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty at Safarik University and University Hospital, Kosice 04011, Slovakia
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28
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Chun YL, Eom WJ, Lee JH, Nguyen TNC, Park KH, Chung HJ, Seo H, Huh Y, Kim SH, Yeo SG, Park W, Bang G, Kim JY, Kim MS, Jeong NY, Jung J. Investigation of the Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling Pathway in Schwann Cells during Peripheral Nerve Degeneration: Multi-Omics Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081606. [PMID: 36009325 PMCID: PMC9405209 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) inhibits peripheral nerve degeneration (PND) by targeting Schwann cells in a hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-pathway-dependent manner, but the underlying molecular and pharmacological mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the effect of NEM, an α,β-unsaturated carboxyl compound, on H2S signaling in in vitro- and ex vivo-dedifferentiated Schwann cells using global proteomics (LC-MS) and transcriptomics (whole-genome and small RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)) methods. The multi-omics analyses identified several genes and proteins related to oxidative stress, such as Sod1, Gnao1, Stx4, Hmox2, Srxn1, and Edn1. The responses to oxidative stress were transcriptionally regulated by several transcription factors, such as Atf3, Fos, Rela, and Smad2. In a functional enrichment analysis, cell cycle, oxidative stress, and lipid/cholesterol metabolism were enriched, implicating H2S signaling in Schwann cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and myelination. NEM-induced changes in the H2S signaling pathway affect oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and the cell cycle in Schwann cells. Therefore, regulation of the H2S signaling pathway by NEM during PND could prevent Schwann cell demyelination, dedifferentiation, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Lim Chun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Korea
| | - Won-Joon Eom
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Dalseong-gu, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Thy N. C. Nguyen
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Dalseong-gu, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Hyung-Joo Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Han Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Wonseok Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Good Samsun Hospital, Sasang-gu, Busan, 47007, Korea
| | - Geul Bang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang 28119, Korea
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Dalseong-gu, Daegu 42988, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.K.); (N.Y.J.); (J.J.)
| | - Na Young Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.K.); (N.Y.J.); (J.J.)
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduation School, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.K.); (N.Y.J.); (J.J.)
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29
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NEAT1 promotes keratinocyte migration and proliferation during wound healing by regulating miR-26a-5p/LGR4 axis. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The Multiple Roles of CD147 in the Development and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158336. [PMID: 35955471 PMCID: PMC9369056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation (CD)147, also termed extracellular matrix metalloprotease inducer or basigin, is a glycoprotein ubiquitously expressed throughout the human body, the oral cavity included. CD147 actively participates in physiological tissue development or growth and has important roles in reactive processes such as inflammation, immunity, and tissue repair. It is worth noting that deregulated expression and/or activity of CD147 is observed in chronic inflammatory or degenerative diseases, as well as in neoplasms. Among the latter, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by an upregulation of CD147 in both the neoplastic and normal cells constituting the tumor mass. Most interestingly, the expression and/or activity of CD147 gradually increase as healthy oral mucosa becomes inflamed; hyperplastic/dysplastic lesions are then set on, and, eventually, OSCC develops. Based on these findings, here we summarize published studies which evaluate whether CD147 could be employed as a marker to monitor OSCC development and progression. Moreover, we describe CD147-promoted cellular and molecular events which are relevant to oral carcinogenesis, with the aim to provide useful information for assessing whether CD147 may be the target of novel therapeutic approaches directed against OSCC.
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TGF-β1-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) migration via histone demethylase KDM6B mediated inhibition of methylation marker H3K27me3. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:339. [PMID: 35902563 PMCID: PMC9334584 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical research and therapy. Since the number of MSCs migration is extremely crucial at the lesion site, exploring the mechanisms to enhance the migration of MSCs is necessary. Therefore, this study focused on the epigenetic mechanisms in MSCs migration. TGF-β1 stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to promote cell migration at lesion sites in vitro and in vivo. The mRNA and protein levels of several migration-related genes (N cadherin, CXCR4, FN1) were enhanced. The trimethylation marker H3K27me3 recruitment on the promoter of these genes were studied to dissect the epigenetic mechanisms. TGF-β1 elevated the levels of KDM6B leading to removal of repression marker H3K27me3 in the promoter region of N cadherins and FN1. Congruently, knockdown of demethylase KDM6B substantially affected the TGF-β1 induced BMSCs migration. This promoted the down-regulation of various migration-related genes. Collectively, epigenetic regulation played an important role in BMSCs migration, and H3K27me3 was at least partially involved in the migration of BMSCs induced by TGF-β1.
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32
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Liu D, Zhan Y, Ono K, Yin Y, Wang L, Wei M, Ji L, Liu M, Liu G, Zhou X, Zheng M. Pharmacological activation of estrogenic receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 attenuates angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrosis in ovariectomized mice by modulating TGF-β1/smad pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6341-6355. [PMID: 35513634 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-protein-coupled ER (GPR30) plays an important role in cardioprotection. Recent studies have shown that the GPR30-specific agonist G-1 reduces the degree of myocardial fibrosis in rats with myocardial infarction, reduces the morbidity associated with atrial fibrillation, and inhibits the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts in animal experiments. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of myocardial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation remains unclear. In this study, we explored the mechanism underlying the effect of GPR30 on atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation in OVX mice. METHODS We established an animal model of atrial fibrillation induced by Ang II (derived from OVX C57BL/6 female mice) and observed the role of G-1 in cardiac function by echocardiography, hemodynamics, morphology and fibrosis-related and apoptosis-related protein expression by Masson's trichrome, immunofluorescence, western blotting and TUNEL staining. RESULTS Echocardiography and body surface ECG showed that G-1 combined with Ang II significantly reduced atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation compared to Ang II alone. The G-1 treatment group exhibited changes in the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes. Moreover, G-1 treatment also altered the levels of inflammation-related proteins and mRNAs. In primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFSs), proliferation was significantly increased in response to Ang II, and G-1 inhibited cell proliferation and apoptosis. CONCLUSION GPR30 is a potential therapeutic target for alleviating atrial fibrosis in OVX mice by upregulating Smad7 expression to inhibit the TGF-β/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Yinge Zhan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Katsushige Ono
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yajuan Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Lishuang Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District 300052, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medicical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.
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Chen H, Wang Z, Yang N, Zhang J, Liang Z. Decorin inhibits proliferation and metastasis in human bladder cancer cells by upregulating P21. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29760. [PMID: 35777025 PMCID: PMC9239591 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Migration of bladder cancer (BC) cells poses a substantial threat to human health. It is critical to elucidate the mechanism of BC invasion and progression for surgical treatment and the prognosis of patients. Decorin is of interest as an anticancer treatment that can play a vital role in regulating tumorigenesis. The effect of decorin expression on survival in clinical patients was screened and analyzed using bladder urothelial carcinoma data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The differential expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in tumors was compared against that of normal samples to analyze the correlation between them. MTT, flow cytometry, and Wound/Transwell assays were used to detect cell proliferation, cycle arrest, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Analysis of TCGA data showed that decorin expression was significantly lower in bladder urothelial carcinoma samples than in normal tissues, while TGF-β1 expression did not change significantly. We found that decorin was correlated with TGF-β1 expression in bladder urothelial cancer. In addition, decorin blocked the G1/S phase by upregulating p21 protein and inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 and MMP2, promoting the occurrence of apoptosis and inhibiting the proliferation of human BC T24 cells. Moreover, decorin increased the adhesion of tumor cells in vitro, and effectively inhibited cell metastasis. Decorin regulated the expression of TGF-β1 and MMP2 through p21 protein, promoted apoptosis and adhesion, and inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Chen
- Department of Urology, the First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongjie Chen, No. 1, Wujiayuan West Street, Qilihe district, Gansu, Lanzhou, China (e-mail: )
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Clinical Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ninggang Yang
- Department of Urology, the First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhong Liang
- Department of Urology, the First People’s Hospital of Lanzhou, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
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Tao S, Li J, Wang H, Ding S, Han W, He R, Ren Z, Wei G. Anti-colon Cancer Effects of Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo Revealed by Network Pharmacology Integrated With Molecular Docking and Metabolomics Studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:879986. [PMID: 35847793 PMCID: PMC9280342 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.879986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of Dendrobium officinale (D. officinale) on colorectal cancer and the relevant targets in the pathway using a network pharmacological approach. Methods (1) We identified the major bioactive components of D. officinale by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and established the in-house library by using the literature mining method. (2) Target prediction was performed by SwissADME and SwissTargetPrediction. (3) A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and component–target–pathway network (C-T-P network) were constructed. (4) The GO pathways and the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out by the Metascape database. (5) Molecular docking was performed by AutoDock software. (6) A series of experimental assays including cell proliferation, cell invasion and migration, and TUNEL staining in CRC were performed in CRC cell lines (HT-29, Lovo, SW-620, and HCT-116) to confirm the inhibitory effects of D. officinale. Results (1) In total, 396 candidate active components of D. officinale were identified by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and selected from the database. (2) From OMIM, GeneCards, DrugBank, and TTD databases, 1,666 gene symbols related to CRC were gathered, and (3) 34 overlapping gene symbols related to CRC and drugs were obtained. (4) These results suggested that the anti-CRC components of D. officinale were mainly apigenin, naringenin, caffeic acid, γ-linolenic acid, α-linolenic acid, cis-10-heptadecenoic acid, etc., and the core targets of action were mainly ESR1, EGFR, PTGS2, MMP9, MMP2, PPARG, etc. (5) The proliferation of muscle cells, the regulation of inflammatory response, the response of cells to organic cyclic compounds, and the apoptotic signaling pathway might serve as principal pathways for CRC treatment. (6) The reliability of some important active components and targets was further validated by molecular docking. The molecular docking analysis suggested an important role of apigenin, naringenin, PTGS2, and MMP9 in delivering the pharmacological activity of D. officinale against CRC. (7) These results of the evaluation experiment in vitro suggested that D. officinale had a strong inhibitory effect on CRC cell lines, and it exerted anti-CRC activity by activating CRC cell apoptosis and inhibiting CRC cell migration and invasion. Conclusion This study may provide valuable insights into exploring the mechanism of action of D. officinale against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchang Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Research Centre of Chinese Herbal Resource, Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Research Centre of Chinese Herbal Resource, Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
| | - Shaobo Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Weichao Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ruirong He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhiyao Ren
- The Research Centre of Chinese Herbal Resource, Shaoguan Institute of Danxia Dendrobium Officinale, Shaoguan, China
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Wei
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Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Cellular and Genetic Heterogeneity of Skin Scar to Verify the Therapeutic Effects and Mechanism of Action of Dispel-Scar Ointment in Hypertrophic Scar Inhibition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7331164. [PMID: 35722137 PMCID: PMC9200508 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7331164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HS), caused by excessive fibrosis of injured skin, imposes a psychological burden and creates a source of distress that impairs the quality of life of affected individuals. However, the gold standard for HS treatment has not yet been determined due to the complicated and difficult nature of the routines and procedures involved. Previous studies have indicated that the topical application of certain active components found in traditional Chinese medicines shows potential as a therapeutic alternative for scars. Here, single-cell RNA-sequencing was performed to determine cellular heterogeneity and identify marker genes and mechanisms associated with HS. It was found that fibroblasts comprise the largest proportion of HS cell types. The marker genes that were highly expressed in fibroblasts were extracellular matrix (ECM)-related, whereas ECM-receptor interactions and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling pathway were also found to be active. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, which was applied to identify the molecular compounds of Dispel-Scar Ointment (DSO), revealed 74 effective chemical components belonging to 14 types of constituents, such as flavonoids, tanshinones, salvianolic acids, glycosides, and phthalides. Furthermore, in vivo studies using rat scar models showed that the topical application of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Ligusticum chuanxiong, peach kernel, safflower, and motherwort exerted beneficial effects on fibroblasts. DSO promoted scar maturation and reduced scar areas, its efficacy being similar to that of topically applied silicone. Functional studies using immunofluorescence staining, western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that DSO may target the TGF-β/Smad pathway to inhibit collagen synthesis and promote ECM remodelling. However, further in vitro mechanistic research and single-drug prescription studies may be required to identify the specific effective compound or active ingredient of DSO, which would provide more substantial evidence regarding the potential therapeutic value of traditional herbs in HS.
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Ye Z, Wei J, Zhan C, Hou J. Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:917587. [PMID: 35769702 PMCID: PMC9234557 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.917587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is one of the most common concerns in trauma patients. Despite significant advances in repair surgeries, the outcome can still be unsatisfactory, resulting in morbidities such as loss of sensory or motor function and reduced quality of life. This highlights the need for more supportive strategies for nerve regrowth and adequate recovery. Multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is essential for the development of the nervous system and is known for its neuroprotective functions. Accumulating evidence indicates its involvement in multiple cellular and molecular responses that are critical to peripheral nerve repair. Following PNI, TGF-β is released at the site of injury where it can initiate a series of phenotypic changes in Schwann cells (SCs), modulate immune cells, activate neuronal intrinsic growth capacity, and regulate blood nerve barrier (BNB) permeability, thus enhancing the regeneration of the nerves. Notably, TGF-β has already been applied experimentally in the treatment of PNI. These treatments with encouraging outcomes further demonstrate its regeneration-promoting capacity. Herein, we review the possible roles of TGF-β in peripheral nerve regeneration and discuss the underlying mechanisms, thus providing new cues for better treatment of PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbin Wei
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoning Zhan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jin Hou,
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Stefàno E, Muscella A, Benedetti M, De Castro F, Fanizzi FP, Marsigliante S. Antitumor and antimigration effects of a new Pt compound on neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115124. [PMID: 35688179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the new Pt complexes with anticancer properties, phenanthroline derivatives have aroused great interest due to their different mode of action compared to cisplatin. We previously examined cytotoxic effects of a new Pt(II)-complex containing 1,10-phenantroline (phen), [Pt(η1-C2H4OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl, in a panel of eight human cancer cell lines, and showed that it exerted the greatest cytotoxic effect in the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. In this study, the antiproliferative and antimetastatic potential of [Pt(η1-C2H4OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]+ (in short Pt-EtOMeSOphen) was investigated in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, SK-N-SH and SK-N-BE(2) cells. Pt-EtOMeSOphen provoked the early signs of apoptosis induction (cleavage of PARP and activation of caspases-9 and -7); it also increased the level of proapoptotic Bax protein whereas it decreased the level of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. The effects of Pt-EtOMeSOphen on migration and invasion processes were also evaluated. A decrease of cell migration/invasion by Pt-EtOMeSOphen was observed through 2D and 3D in vitro assays. Pt-EtOMeSOphen was found to exert its actions by decreasing MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions and activities. Pt-EtOMeSOphen provoked the phosphorylation of both ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs. All the effects of Pt-EtOMeSOphen on SH-SY5Y cell vitality, migration and metalloproteases activities described here were due to the activation of p38 MAPK since pharmacological p38 MAPK inhibition or small interfering RNAs to p38 MAPK mRNA blocked such effects. Results suggest that Pt-EtOMeSOphen inhibits neuroblastoma cancer cells survival, motility, and invasion. This could lead to the reduction of neuroblastoma metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Stefàno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Federica De Castro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Ge H, Xu C, Chen H, Liu L, Zhang L, Wu C, Lu Y, Yao Q. Traditional Chinese Medicines as Effective Reversals of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced-Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Targets and Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842295. [PMID: 35308223 PMCID: PMC8931761 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Distant metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality in patients with CRC. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process triggered during tumor metastasis, which is also the main impetus and the essential access within this duration. Therefore, targeting EMT-related molecular pathways has been considered a novel strategy to explore effective therapeutic agents against metastatic CRC. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with unique properties multi-target and multi-link that exert their therapeutic efficacies holistically, which could inhibit the invasion and metastasis ability of CRC cells via inhibiting the EMT process by down-regulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways. The objective of this review is to summarize and assess the anti-metastatic effect of TCM-originated bioactive compounds and Chinese medicine formulas by mediating EMT-associated signaling pathways in CRC therapy, providing a foundation for further research on the exact mechanisms of action through which TCMs affect EMT transform in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhang Ge
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qinghua Yao,
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Pompili E, De Franchis V, Giampietri C, Leone S, De Santis E, Fornai F, Fumagalli L, Fabrizi C. Protease Activated Receptor 1 and Its Ligands as Main Regulators of the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1668. [PMID: 34827666 PMCID: PMC8615415 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast with the brain and spinal cord, peripheral nerves possess a striking ability to regenerate after damage. This characteristic of the peripheral nervous system is mainly due to a specific population of glial cells, the Schwann cells. Schwann cells promptly activate after nerve injury, dedifferentiate assuming a repair phenotype, and assist axon regrowth. In general, tissue injury determines the release of a variety of proteases which, in parallel with the degradation of their specific targets, also activate plasma membrane receptors known as protease-activated receptors (PARs). PAR1, the prototypical member of the PAR family, is also known as thrombin receptor and is present at the Schwann cell plasma membrane. This receptor is emerging as a possible regulator of the pro-regenerative capacity of Schwann cells. Here, we summarize the most recent literature data describing the possible contribution of PAR1 and PAR1-activating proteases in regulating the regeneration of peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pompili
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Valerio De Franchis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudia Giampietri
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elena De Santis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Francesco Fornai
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fumagalli
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Cinzia Fabrizi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.D.F.); (C.G.); (E.D.S.); (L.F.); (C.F.)
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Immune Mechanism, Gene Module, and Molecular Subtype Identification of Astragalus Membranaceus in the Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy: An Integrated Bioinformatics Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2252832. [PMID: 34567206 PMCID: PMC8457948 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2252832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus has complex components as a natural drug and has multilevel, multitarget, and multichannel effects on dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the immune mechanism, gene module, and molecular subtype of astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of DCM are still not revealed. Microarray information of GSE84796 was downloaded from the GEO database, including RNA sequencing data of seven normal cardiac tissues and ten DCM cardiac tissues. A total of 4029 DCM differentially expressed genes were obtained, including 1855 upregulated genes and 2174 downregulated genes. GO/KEGG/GSEA analysis suggested that the activation of T cells and B cells was the primary cause of DCM. WGCNA was used to obtain blue module genes. The blue module genes are primarily ADCY7, BANK1, CD1E, CD19, CD38, CD300LF, CLEC4E, FLT3, GPR18, HCAR3, IRF4, LAMP3, MRC1, SYK, and TLR8, which successfully divided DCM into three molecular subtypes. Based on the CIBERSORT algorithm, the immune infiltration profile of DCM was analyzed. Many immune cell subtypes, including the abovementioned immune cells, showed different levels of increased infiltration in the myocardial tissue of DCM. However, this infiltration pattern was not obviously correlated with clinical characteristics, such as age, EF, and sex. Based on network pharmacology and ClueGO, 20 active components of Astragalus membranaceus and 40 components of DMCTGS were obtained from TCMSP. Through analysis of the immune regulatory network, we found that Astragalus membranaceus effectively regulates the activation of immune cells, such as B cells and T cells, cytokine secretion, and other processes and can intervene in DCM at multiple components, targets, and levels. The above mechanisms were verified by molecular docking results, which confirmed that AKT1, VEGFA, MMP9, and RELA are promising potential targets of DCM.
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Jin X, Yin J, Zhu H, Li W, Yu K, Liu M, Zhang X, Lu M, Wan Z, Huang X. SMG9 Serves as an Oncogene to Promote the Tumor Progression via EMT and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:701454. [PMID: 34456727 PMCID: PMC8397484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.701454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: SMG9 participates in the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay process that degrades mRNA harboring nonsense mutations introduced either at the level of transcription or RNA processing. However, little is known about the role of SMG9 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of this research was to clarify the effects of SMG9 expression on HCC progression. Methods: Microarray data were acquired from NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to bioinformatically analyze the differential expression of SMG9 between HCC patients and normal controls. SMG9 mRNA level was measured in sixteen sets of fresh tumor tissues and adjacent non-cancerous liver tissues (ANLTs) via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). SMG9 protein expression was analyzed in ninety-five sets of paired formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, clinicopathological features of SMG9 in HCC were checked. For in vitro studies, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to silence SMG9 expression for exploring biological functions and underlying mechanisms of SMG9 in SMMC-7721 and HepG2. Results: We found that SMG9 was upregulated in HCC tissues and SMG9 levels were closely related to TNM stage, tumor number and tumor size. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier proportional hazards analyses showed that high expression of SMG9 was associated with poor patient survival. Furthermore, proliferation, apoptosis resistance, migration and invasion of both SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells were suppressed by SMG9 inhibition. In addition, EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were involved in SMG9-mediated HCC progression. Conclusions: SMG9 may serve as a potential novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jin
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongling Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Armed Police Corps Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weikang Li
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kewei Yu
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaolian Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zemin Wan
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhang Huang
- Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Wang M, Xie M, Yu S, Shang P, Zhang C, Han X, Fan C, Chen L, Zhuang X, Chen S. Lipin1 Alleviates Autophagy Disorder in Sciatic Nerve and Improves Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:6049-6061. [PMID: 34435332 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a chronic complication of diabetes, and its neural mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis remain unclear. Autophagy plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases and nerve tissue injury. Lipin1 is a phosphatidic acid phosphatase enzyme that converts phosphatidic acid (PA) into diacylglycerol (DAG), a precursor of triacylglycerol and phospholipids which plays an important role in maintaining normal peripheral nerve conduction function. However, whether Lipin1 involved in the pathogenesis of DPN via regulation of autophagy is not elucidated. Here, we show that the Lipin1 expression was downregulated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DPN rat model. Interestingly, STZ prevented DAG synthesis, and resulted in autophagic hyperactivity, effects which may increase the apoptosis of Schwann cells and lead to demyelination in sciatic nerve in DPN rats. More importantly, upregulation of lipin1 in the DPN rats ameliorated autophagy disorders and pathological changes of the sciatic nerve, which associated with the increase of the motor nerve conductive velocity (MNCV) in DPN rats. In contrast, knockdown of lipin1 exacerbates neuronal abnormalities and facilitates the genesis of DPN phenotypes in rats. In addition, overexpression of lipin1 in RSC96 cells also significantly decreased the autophagic hyperactivity and apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia. These results suggest that lipin1 may exert neuroprotection within the sciatic nerve anomalies and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266035, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endocrinology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, 661 Huanghe Second Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Qingdao Technical College, 369 Qiantangjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266555, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqin Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266035, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
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43
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Xie J, Ning Q, Zhang H, Ni S, Ye J. RhoA/ROCK Signaling Regulates TGF-β1-Induced Fibrotic Effects in Human Pterygium Fibroblasts through MRTF-A. Curr Eye Res 2021; 47:196-205. [PMID: 34323621 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1962363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) after surgical excision often leads to excessive fibrosis, indicating the recurrence of pterygium. The aims of the present in vitro study were to investigate the role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in regulating fibrotic effects of primary human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs), as well as to explore the possible mechanisms of these effects. METHODS Pterygium samples were obtained from surgery, and profibrotic activation was induced by TGF-β1. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay; cell migration was detected by wound healing assay; quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of TGF-β1 and the role of RhoA/ROCK signaling in the synthesis of alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), type I and III collagen (COL1 and COL3), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in HPFs. The changes of signaling pathways were detected by Western blot; and pharmaceutical inhibition of RhoA/ROCK signaling and its downstream MRFT-A/SRF transcription pathway were used to assess their possible mechanism in HPFs fibrosis. RESULTS ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 decreased TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation and migration, reduced the TGF-β1-induced expression of profibrotic markers in HPFs, and suppressed TGF-β1-induced nuclear accumulation of Myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) as well as accompanied elevation of F/G-actin ratio in HPFs. MRTF-A/Serum response factor (SRF) inhibitor CCG-100602 attenuated the TGF-β1-induced α-SMA expression and reduced myofibroblast activation in HPFs. CONCLUSIONS RhoA/ROCK signaling played a pivotal role in TGF-β1-induced fibrosis and myofibroblast activation in HPFs at least in part by inactivating the downstream MRTF-A/SRF transcriptional pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xie
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyao Ning
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huina Zhang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Ni
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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44
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Muscella A, Stefàno E, Calabriso N, De Pascali SA, Fanizzi FP, Marsigliante S. Role of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in a Pt(II)-resistant human breast cancer cell line. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114702. [PMID: 34324869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platinum complexes are currently used for breast cancer therapy, but, as with other drug classes, a series of intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms hinder their efficacy. To better understand the mechanisms underlying platinum complexes resistance in breast cancer, we generated a [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)]-resistant MCF-7, denoted as [Pt(acac)2]R. [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)] was chosen as previous works showed that it has distinct mechanisms of action from cisplatin, especially with regard to cellular targets. [Pt(acac)2]R cells are characterized by increased proliferation rates and aggressiveness with higher PKC-δ, BCL-2, MMP-9 and EGFR protein expressions and also by increased expression of various genes covering cell cycle regulation, invasion, survival, and hormone receptors. These [Pt(acac)2]R cells also displayed high levels of activated signaling kinases Src, AKT and ERK/2. [Pt(acac)2]R cells incubated with [Pt(O,O'-acac)(γ-acac)(DMS)], showed a relevant EGFR activation due to PKC-δ and Src phosphorylation that provoked proliferation and survival through MERK1/2/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways. In addition, EGFR shuttled from the plasma membrane to the nucleus maybe acting as co-transcriptional factor. The data suggest that growth and survival of resistant cells rely upon a remarkable increase in EGFR level which, in collaboration with an enhanced role of PKC-δ and Src kinases support [Pt(acac)2]R cell. It could therefore be assumed that combination treatments targeting both EGFR and PKC-δ/Src can improve therapy for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - E Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - N Calabriso
- National Research Council (CNR), Campus Ecotekne, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), University of Salento, Via Prov le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - S A De Pascali
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - F P Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - S Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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45
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Wang H, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang M, Liu Y, Liao Y, Li Z, Feng Y, Chen J. The decreased expression of integrin αv is involved in T-2 toxin-induced extracellular matrix degradation in chondrocytes. Toxicon 2021; 199:109-116. [PMID: 34139256 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is one of the most toxic and common mycotoxins in grains and related products. It is considered a risk factor for Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), an endemic osteoarthritis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that T-2 toxin can cause extracellular matrix degradation; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Integrins have been found to regulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), the 'scissors' of matrix proteins. In this study, we investigated whether integrin αv played a role in T-2 toxin-induced matrix degradation. Results from our study showed that the expression of integrin αv in the cartilage of rats fed T-2 toxin was reduced compared to that in rats fed a normal diet. Integrin αv was downregulated in T-2 toxin-treated C28/I2 chondrocytes, and selenium was found to have a protective effect. The expression of MMP-1, -3, -10, and -13 increased whereas that of type II collagen (Col II) protein decreased in C28/I2 cells treated with an integrin αv inhibitor. In conclusion, T-2 toxin can downregulate integrin αv expression in chondrocytes. Reduced integrin αv signalling could induce the release of MMPs, leading to matrix degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yucheng Liao
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases in the Education Ministry and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Muscella A, Stefàno E, De Bellis L, Nutricati E, Negro C, Marsigliante S. Antitumor and antimigration effects of Salvia clandestina L. extract on osteosarcoma cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1500:34-47. [PMID: 33960434 PMCID: PMC8518948 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Salvia clandestina L. is a wild perennial species present in the Salento area of Italy. Here, we examined the in vitro effects of an aqueous extract of S. clandestina L. on the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line. The extract reduced osteosarcoma cell viability mainly by way of apoptosis, as we observed (1) upregulation of gene and protein expression of p53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21WAF1 and p27Kip1 , and proapoptotic BAX; (2) activation of caspases; and (3) induction of a sub-G1 peak in the cell cycle. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) JNK1/2 and p38 are activated and involved in the intracellular effects of the S. clandestina extract, as preincubation with the JNK1/2 inhibitor SP600125 or the p38 inhibitor SB203580 significantly decreased S. clandestina extract-induced cytotoxicity and inhibited increase in p53, p21WAF1 , p27Kip1 , and BAX. SP600125 also inhibited mRNA levels for all the aforementioned proteins, while SB203580 only affected p53 mRNA. Furthermore, S. clandestina extract treatment counteracted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, inhibited cell migration, and decreased the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2. In addition, S. clandestina extract enhanced the cytotoxic activity of cisplatin on MG-63 cells through downregulation of the Akt/PKB protein kinase. We conclude that S. clandestina extract may be a novel agent for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Erika Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luigi De Bellis
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Eliana Nutricati
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Carmine Negro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Gu T, Yuan W, Li C, Chen Z, Wen Y, Zheng Q, Yang Q, Xiong X, Yuan A. α-Solanine Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Choriocarcinoma JEG-3 Cells In Vitro and In Vivo. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:210. [PMID: 33805658 PMCID: PMC7998402 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Solanine, a bioactive compound mainly found in potato, exhibits anti-cancer activity towards multiple cancer cells. However, its effects on human choriocarcinoma have not been evaluated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of α-solanine on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that α-solanine, at concentrations of 30 μM or below, did not affect the cell viability of the choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3. However, colony formation was significantly decreased and cell apoptosis was increased in response to 30 μM α-solanine. In addition, α-solanine (30 μM) reduced the migration and invasion abilities of JEG-3 cells, which was associated with a downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/9. The in vivo findings provided further evidence of the inhibition of α-solanine on choriocarcinoma tumor growth. α-Solanine suppressed the xenograft tumor growth of JEG-3 cells, resulting in smaller tumor volumes and lower tumor weights. Apoptosis was promoted in xenograft tumors of α-solanine-treated mice. Moreover, α-solanine downregulated proliferative cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Bcl-2 levels and promoted the expression of Bax. Collectively, α-solanine inhibits the growth, migration, and invasion of human JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells, which may be associated with the induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Wei Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Chen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Zhilong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yuting Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qiyi Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Anwen Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.G.); (W.Y.); (C.L.); (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Q.Z.)
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Dong X, Yang L, Liu K, Ji X, Tang C, Li W, Ma L, Mei Y, Peng T, Feng B, Wu Z, Tang Q, Gao Y, Yan K, Zhou W, Xiong M. Transcriptional networks identify synaptotagmin-like 3 as a regulator of cortical neuronal migration during early neurodevelopment. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108802. [PMID: 33657377 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human brain development is a complex process involving neural proliferation, differentiation, and migration that are directed by many essential cellular factors and drivers. Here, using the NetBID2 algorithm and developing human brain RNA sequencing dataset, we identify synaptotagmin-like 3 (SYTL3) as one of the top drivers of early human brain development. Interestingly, SYTL3 exhibits high activity but low expression in both early developmental human cortex and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neurons. Knockout of SYTL3 (SYTL3-KO) in human neurons or knockdown of Sytl3 in embryonic mouse cortex markedly promotes neuronal migration. SYTL3-KO causes an abnormal distribution of deep-layer neurons in brain organoids and reduces presynaptic neurotransmitter release in hESC-derived neurons. We further demonstrate that SYTL3-KO-accelerated neuronal migration is modulated by high expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Together, based on bioinformatics and biological experiments, we identify SYTL3 as a regulator of cortical neuronal migration in human and mouse developing brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Dong
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kaiyi Liu
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Chuanqing Tang
- Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wanxing Li
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yuting Mei
- Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Ban Feng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyan Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyuan Tang
- Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Ultrasonography Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Molecular Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China; Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
| | - Man Xiong
- Stem Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
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Li T, Javed R, Ao Q. Xenogeneic Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-based Biomaterials For Peripheral Nerve Repair and Regeneration. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:2152-2163. [PMID: 33176651 PMCID: PMC9185777 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666201111103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury could lead to either impairment or a complete loss of function for affected patients, and a variety of nerve repair materials have been developed for surgical approaches to repair it. Although autologous or autologous tissue-derived biomaterials remain preferred treatment for peripheral nerve injury, the lack of donor sources has led biomedical researchers to explore more other biomaterials. As a reliable alternative, xenogeneic decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based biomaterials have been widely employed for surgical nerve repair. The dECM derived from animal donors is an attractive and unlimited source for xenotransplantation. Meanwhile, as an increasingly popular technique, decellularization could retain a variety of bioactive components in native ECM, such as polysaccharides, proteins, and growth factors. The resulting dECM-based biomaterials preserve a tissue's native microenvironment, promote Schwann cells proliferation and differentiation, and provide cues for nerve regeneration. Although the potential of dECM-based biomaterials as a therapeutic agent is rising, there are many limitations of this material restricting its use. Herein, this review discusses the decellularization techniques that have been applied to create dECM-based biomaterials, the main components of nerve ECM, and the recent progress in the utilization of xenogeneic dECM-based biomaterials through applications as a hydrogel, wrap, and guidance conduit in nerve tissue engineering. In the end, the existing bottlenecks of xenogeneic dECM-based biomaterials and developing technologies that could be eliminated to be helpful for utilization in the future have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rabia Javed
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Med-ical Devices, Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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50
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Huang Z, Powell R, Phillips JB, Haastert-Talini K. Perspective on Schwann Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering. Cells 2020; 9:E2497. [PMID: 33213068 PMCID: PMC7698557 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells play a crucial role in successful peripheral nerve repair and regeneration by supporting both axonal growth and myelination. Schwann cells are therefore a feasible option for cell therapy treatment of peripheral nerve injury. However, sourcing human Schwann cells at quantities required for development beyond research is challenging. Due to their availability, rapid in vitro expansion, survival, and integration within the host tissue, stem cells have attracted considerable attention as candidate cell therapies. Among them, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with the associated prospects for personalized treatment are a promising therapy to take the leap from bench to bedside. In this critical review, we firstly focus on the current knowledge of the Schwann cell phenotype in regard to peripheral nerve injury, including crosstalk with the immune system during peripheral nerve regeneration. Then, we review iPSC to Schwann cell derivation protocols and the results from recent in vitro and in vivo studies. We finally conclude with some prospects for the use of iPSCs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Huang
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rebecca Powell
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - James B. Phillips
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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