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Liu C, Yuan YC, Guo MN, Xin Z, Chen GJ, Ding N, Zheng JP, Zang B, Yang JK. Rising incidence of obesity-related cancers among younger adults in China: A population-based analysis (2007-2021). MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00294-0. [PMID: 39181132 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing countries face an "obesity epidemic," particularly affecting children and younger adults. While obesity is a known risk factor for 12 types of cancer, primarily affecting older populations, its impact on younger generations is understudied. METHODS This study analyzed data from a population-based cancer registry covering 14.14 million individuals in China (2007-2021). We compared the incidence of obesity- and non-obesity-related cancers and applied an age-period-cohort model to estimate their impacts. FINDINGS Among 651,342 cancer cases, 48.47% were obesity related. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of the 12 obesity-related cancers increased annually by 3.6% (p < 0.001), while ASRs for non-obesity-related cancers remained stable. Obesity-related cancers surged among younger adults, with rates rising across successive generations. The annual percentage of change decreased with age, from 15.28% for ages 25-29 years to 1.55% for ages 60-64 years. The incidence rate ratio for obesity-related cancer was higher in younger generations compared to those born in 1962-1966. We predict that the ASR for obesity-related cancers will nearly double in the next decade. CONCLUSIONS The rising incidence of obesity-related cancers among young adults poses a significant public health concern. The increasing cancer burden underscores the need for targeted interventions to address the obesity epidemic. FUNDING This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81930019, 82341076) to J.-K.Y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ying-Chao Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Mo-Ning Guo
- Beijing Municipal Health Big Data and Policy Research Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Zhong Xin
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Guan-Jie Chen
- The Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nan Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jian-Peng Zheng
- Beijing Municipal Health Big Data and Policy Research Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Bai Zang
- Beijing Municipal Health Big Data and Policy Research Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jin-Kui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Tang X, Shi Y, Chen Y, Sun Z, Wang L, Tang P, Cui H, Zhao W, Xu W, Kopylov P, Shchekochikhin D, Afina B, Han W, Liu X, Zhang Y. Tetrahydroberberrubine exhibits preventive effect on obesity by activating PGC1α-mediated thermogenesis in white and brown adipose tissue. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116381. [PMID: 38909786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of obesity presents formidable challenges, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the preventive effects on obesity of tetrahydroberberrubine (THBru), a derivative of berberine (BBR) and to unravel its underlying mechanism. Using an obese mouse model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), THBru was found to markedly ameliorate obesity, as evidenced by reduced body weight, decreased Lee's index, diminished fat mass in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), alongside improved dyslipidemia. Notably, at the same dose, THBru exhibited superior efficacy compared to BBR. RNA-sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis indicated THBru activated thermogenesis, which was further confirmed in WAT, BAT, and 3T3-L1 cells. Bioinformatics analysis of RNA-sequencing data revealed the candidate gene Pgc1α, a key regulator involved in thermogenesis. Moreover, THBru was demonstrated to elevate the expression of PGC1α by stabilizing its mRNA in WAT, BAT and 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, PGC1α knockdown blocked the pro-thermogenic and anti-obesity action of THBru both in vivo and in vitro. This study unravels the preventive effects of THBru on obesity through the activation of PGC1α-mediated thermogenesis, thereby delineating its potential therapeutic implications for obesity and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yongchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zeqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Philipp Kopylov
- Department of Preventive and Emergency Cardiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Shchekochikhin
- Department of Preventive and Emergency Cardiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Bestavashvili Afina
- Department of Cardiology, Functional and Ultrasound Diagnostics, N.V. Sklifosofsky, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.
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Oshakbayev K, Durmanova A, Zhankalova Z, Idrisov A, Bedelbayeva G, Gazaliyeva M, Nabiyev A, Tordai A, Dukenbayeva B. Weight loss treatment for COVID-19 in patients with NCDs: a pilot prospective clinical trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10979. [PMID: 38744929 PMCID: PMC11094141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 comorbid with noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) complicates the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and increases the mortality rate. The aim is to evaluate the effects of a restricted diet on clinical/laboratory inflammation and metabolic profile, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and body composition in patients with COVID-19 comorbid with NCDs. We conducted a 6-week open, pilot prospective controlled clinical trial. The study included 70 adult patients with COVID-19 comorbid with type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). INTERVENTIONS a restricted diet including calorie restriction, hot water drinking, walking, and sexual self-restraint. PRIMARY ENDPOINTS COVID-19 diagnosis by detecting SARS-CoV-2 genome by RT-PCR; weight loss in Main group; body temperature; C-reactive protein. Secondary endpoints: the number of white blood cells; erythrocyte sedimentation rate; adverse effects during treatment; fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP); blood lipids; ALT/AST, chest CT-scan. In Main group, patients with overweight lost weight from baseline (- 12.4%; P < 0.0001); 2.9% in Main group and 7.2% in Controls were positive for COVID-19 (RR: 0.41, CI: 0.04-4.31; P = 0.22) on the 14th day of treatment. Body temperature and C-reactive protein decreased significantly in Main group compared to Controls on day 14th of treatment (P < 0.025). Systolic/diastolic BP normalized (P < 0.025), glucose/lipids metabolism (P < 0.025); ALT/AST normalized (P < 0.025), platelets increased from baseline (P < 0.025), chest CT (P < 0.025) in Main group at 14 day of treatment. The previous antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and other symptomatic medications were adequately decreased to completely stop during the weight loss treatment. Thus, the fast weight loss treatment may be beneficial for the COVID-19 patients with comorbid T2D, hypertension, and NASH over traditional medical treatment because, it improved clinical and laboratory/instrumental data on inflammation; glucose/lipid metabolism, systolic/diastolic BPs, and NASH biochemical outcomes, reactive oxygen species; and allowed patients to stop taking medications. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05635539 (02/12/2022): https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05635539?term=NCT05635539&draw=2&rank=1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuat Oshakbayev
- Internal Medicine Department, University Medical Center, Street Syganak, 46, 010000, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan.
- ANADETO Medical Center, St. Kerey, Zhanibek Khans, 22, 010000, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Aigul Durmanova
- Internal Medicine Department, University Medical Center, Street Syganak, 46, 010000, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Zulfiya Zhankalova
- Department of General Medical Practice, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, #1, Street Tole Bi, 94, 050000, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Alisher Idrisov
- Department of Endocrinology, Astana Medical University, Street Beibitshilik St 49/A, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gulnara Bedelbayeva
- Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Street Tole Bi, 94, 050000, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Meruyert Gazaliyeva
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, Astana Medical University, Street Beibitshilik St 49/A, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Altay Nabiyev
- Internal Medicine Department, University Medical Center, Street Syganak, 46, 010000, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Attila Tordai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Semmelweis University, Vas U. 17, Budapest, 1088, Hungary
| | - Bibazhar Dukenbayeva
- Faculty of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Astana Medical University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
- ANADETO Medical Center, St. Kerey, Zhanibek Khans, 22, 010000, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Dudukina E, Horváth-Puhó E, Sørensen HT, Ehrenstein V. Association between vaginal bleeding in pregnancy that resulted in delivery and risk of cancer: A Danish registry-based cohort study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2024; 38:330-342. [PMID: 37580881 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal bleeding (VB) before 20 gestational weeks of a viable pregnancy is a manifestation of a threatened miscarriage. VB is associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. Increased levels of these cytokines and oxidative stress are risk factors for cancer. The risk of cancer following a VB-affected pregnancy that ended in childbirth is unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations between VB in pregnancy that resulted in delivery and risk of incident cancer. METHODS We conducted a cohort study (1995-2018) in Denmark using administrative and healthcare registries. We included 37,082 VB-affected deliveries, 1,363,614 VB-unaffected deliveries, 324,328 pregnancies ending in terminations, and 137,104 miscarriages. We computed the absolute risk of cancer and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, calendar year, morbidities, and socio-economic factors using Cox proportional hazards regression. Multiple pregnancies to the same woman were accounted for in the analysis. RESULTS The median (25th-75th percentile) follow-up in the study was 12.6 (6.9, 18.2) years. The prevalence of VB in the present study was 3%. At the end of the follow-up, there were 1320 cancer cases among the VB-affected delivery cohort, 40,420 among the VB-unaffected delivery cohort, 10,300 among the termination cohort and 4790 among the miscarriage cohort. HRs for any cancer among VB-affected deliveries were 1.03 (95% CI 0.97, 1.08) compared with VB-unaffected deliveries, 1.03 (95% CI 0.97, 1.09) compared with terminations and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84, 0.95) compared with miscarriages. There were no increased risks of premenopausal breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovary and fallopian tube cancer or uterine cancer following VB-affected deliveries vs. comparison cohorts. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of an association between vaginal bleeding in pregnancy and an increased risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dudukina
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vera Ehrenstein
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Harborg S, Kjærgaard KA, Thomsen RW, Borgquist S, Cronin-Fenton D, Hjorth CF. New Horizons: Epidemiology of Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Cancer Prognosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:924-935. [PMID: 37552777 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus has increased in parallel with increasing cancer incidence, due to environmental and lifestyle factors and population aging. Metabolic diseases are associated with increased cancer risk, so a growing number of patients with cancer have coexistent obesity and/or diabetes mellitus. In this narrative review, we highlight recent evidence on the clinical impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the prognosis of prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer, and provide an overview of the underlying mechanisms. There is evidence that obesity is associated with increased risk of recurrence, and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality among adults with prostate, breast, and colorectal cancer. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased all-cause and cancer-specific mortality for these 3 cancers, beyond any impact of obesity. Evidence also suggests increased risk of colorectal cancer recurrence in patients with diabetes mellitus. The underlying mechanisms are multifactorial and likely include hormonal imbalances and chronic inflammation that promote cancer cell growth. Obesity and diabetes mellitus are associated with increased risk of complications and side effects of cancer treatment. Associated comorbidities such as impaired kidney function, cardiovascular disease, and neuropathies may preclude the use of guideline cancer treatment and are competing causes of death. Cancer patients with metabolic diseases require a designated clinical program and a multidisciplinary approach involving oncologists, endocrinologists, surgeons, nutritionists, and physiotherapists, to ensure coordinated and optimized patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixten Harborg
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kasper A Kjærgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Reimar Wernich Thomsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Deirdre Cronin-Fenton
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Cathrine F Hjorth
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Dong H, Guo H, Du J, Cheng Y, Wang D, Han J, Yuan Z, Yao Z, An R, Wu X, Poulsen KL, Wang Z, Shao S, Fan X, Wang Z, Zhao J. The classification of obesity based on metabolic status redefines the readmission of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-an observational study. Cancer Metab 2023; 11:24. [PMID: 38057929 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-023-00327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between obesity and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was controversial, which may be due to the crudeness definition of obesity based on body mass index (BMI). As obesity and metabolic abnormalities often coexist, we aimed to explore whether the classification of obesity based on metabolic status can help to evaluate the real impact of obesity on the readmission of NHL. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, utilizing the 2018 Nationwide Readmissions Database, we identified NHL-related index hospitalizations and followed them for non-elective readmission. The patients with NHL were classified as metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO) and obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO) and obese (MUO). Readmission rates for each phenotype were calculated at 30-day intervals. Multiple COX regression was used to analyze the association of metabolic-defined obesity with 30-day, 90-day, and 180-day readmission rates in patients with NHL. RESULTS There were 22,086 index hospitalizations with NHL included. In the multivariate COX regression, MUNO was associated with increased 30-day (HR = 1.113, 95% CI 1.036-1.195), 90-day (HR = 1.148, 95% CI 1.087-1.213), and 180-day readmission rates (HR = 1.132, 95% CI 1.077-1.189), and MUO was associated with increased 30-day (HR=1.219, 95% CI: 1.081-1.374), 90-day (HR = 1.228, 95% CI 1.118-1.348), and 180-day readmission rates (HR = 1.223, 95% CI 1.124-1.33), while MHO had no associations with readmission rates. CONCLUSIONS The presence of metabolic abnormalities with or without obesity increased the risk of non-selective readmission in patients with NHL. However, obesity alone had no associations with the risk of non-selective readmission, suggesting that interventions for metabolic abnormalities may be more important in reducing readmissions of NHL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Honglin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jing Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014010, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yiping Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Junming Han
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Zinuo Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kyle L Poulsen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Shanshan Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- "Chuangxin China" Innovation Base of stem cell and Gene Therapy for endocrine Metabolic diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shandong Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell and Gene Therapy for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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7
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Gormley M, Dudding T, Thomas SJ, Tyrrell J, Ness AR, Pring M, Legge D, Davey Smith G, Richmond RC, Vincent EE, Bull C. Evaluating the effect of metabolic traits on oral and oropharyngeal cancer risk using Mendelian randomization. eLife 2023; 12:e82674. [PMID: 37042641 PMCID: PMC10147379 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent World Health Organization report states that at least 40% of all cancer cases may be preventable, with smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity identified as three of the most important modifiable lifestyle factors. Given the significant decline in smoking rates, particularly within developed countries, other potentially modifiable risk factors for head and neck cancer warrant investigation. Obesity and related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension have been associated with head and neck cancer risk in multiple observational studies. However, adiposity has also been correlated with smoking, with bias, confounding or reverse causality possibly explaining these findings. To overcome the challenges of observational studies, we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (inverse variance weighted [IVW] method) using genetic variants which were robustly associated with adiposity, glycaemic and blood pressure traits in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Outcome data were taken from the largest available GWAS of 6034 oral and oropharyngeal cases, with 6585 controls. We found limited evidence of a causal effect of genetically proxied body mass index (BMI; OR IVW = 0.89, 95% CI 0.72-1.09, p = 0.26 per 1 standard deviation in BMI [4.81kg/m2]) on oral and oropharyngeal cancer risk. Similarly, there was limited evidence for related traits including T2D and hypertension. Small effects cannot be excluded given the lack of power to detect them in currently available GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gormley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Steven J Thomas
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Jessica Tyrrell
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E HospitalExeterUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Ness
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Miranda Pring
- Bristol Dental Hospital and School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Danny Legge
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Emma E Vincent
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Caroline Bull
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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8
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Fan H, Mao Q, Zhang W, Fang Q, Zou Q, Gong J. The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Pancreatic Cancer Risk: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obes Surg 2023:10.1007/s11695-023-06570-x. [PMID: 37020161 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that bariatric surgery is associated with a reduced risk of some cancers. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether bariatric surgery affects pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Fixed-effect models were used to estimate pooled data and presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test and I2 test. A total of 9 cohort studies involving 1,147,473 patients were included in the analysis. The pooled OR was 0.76 (95% CI = 0.64-0.90). The Cochran Q test and I2 test indicated only mild heterogeneity (P = 0.12, I2 = 38%). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled OR was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.54-0.82) for North America. In the subgroup analyses by mean follow-up time, the pooled OR was 0.46 (95% CI = 0.28-0.74) for less than 5 years. In conclusion, bariatric surgery has a positive effect on pancreatic cancer reduction, especially in North America. This effect may diminish or disappear with time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qingsong Mao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qinghua Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qu Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jianping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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9
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Carr MM, Serowik KL, Na PJ, Potenza MN, Martino S, Masheb RM, Pietrzak RH. Co-occurring alcohol use disorder and obesity in U.S. military veterans: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 150:64-70. [PMID: 35358833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are two of the most prevalent and costly clinical conditions among U.S. military veterans, and these conditions often co-occur. However, little is known about the clinical correlates of co-occurring obesity and AUD, which is critical to informing effective interventions. The current study analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 4069 (3463 males, 479 females) veterans, who completed an online survey. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to identify veterans who screened positive for probable AUD (pAUD) and self-reported height and weight was used to calculate body mass index and identify veterans with obesity. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine differences between four groups: controls (no current AUD or obesity), pAUD only, obesity only, and pAUD + obesity. A total of 1390 (36.1%) veterans had obesity, 10.5% (n = 359) had pAUD, and 3.7% (n = 124) had pAUD and obesity. Relative to veterans without AUD, Veterans with pAUD were less likely to have normal/lean weight (14.6% versus 21.4%) and more likely to have overweight (49.6% versus 41.7%). Veterans with pAUD + obesity were nearly twice as likely than veterans with pAUD to report three or more adverse childhood experiences. The results of this study help inform the clinical presentation and needs of veterans with co-occurring obesity and AUD. They also underscore the importance of regularly monitoring weight among veterans with AUD, and considering the role of childhood adversity as a risk factor for co-occurring AUD and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan M Carr
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Kristin L Serowik
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Peter J Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, 06109, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Steve Martino
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Robin M Masheb
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., New Haven, CT, 06516, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, 60 College St., New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
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10
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Shinoda S, Nakamura N, Roach B, Bernlohr DA, Ikramuddin S, Yamamoto M. Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Progress in Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Bariatric Surgery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1284. [PMID: 35740306 PMCID: PMC9220099 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 30% of people in the United States (US) are classified as obese, and over 50% are considered significantly overweight. Importantly, obesity is a risk factor not only for the development of metabolic syndrome but also for many cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and 5-year survival of PDAC remains around 9% in the U.S. Obesity is a known risk factor for PDAC. Metabolic control and bariatric surgery, which is an effective treatment for severe obesity and allows massive weight loss, have been shown to reduce the risk of PDAC. It is therefore clear that elucidating the connection between obesity and PDAC is important for the identification of a novel marker and/or intervention point for obesity-related PDAC risk. In this review, we discussed recent progress in obesity-related PDAC in epidemiology, mechanisms, and potential cancer prevention effects of interventions, including bariatric surgery with preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Shinoda
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Naohiko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Brett Roach
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
| | - David A. Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.S.); (N.N.); (B.R.); (S.I.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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11
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Oshakbayev K, Zhankalova Z, Gazaliyeva M, Mustafin K, Bedelbayeva G, Dukenbayeva B, Otarbayev N, Tordai A. Association between COVID-19 morbidity, mortality, and gross domestic product, overweight/ obesity, non-communicable diseases, vaccination rate: A cross-sectional study. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:255-260. [PMID: 35065358 PMCID: PMC8759097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The spread of COVID-19 depends on a lot of social and economic factors. The aim: to study the influence of country’s gross domestic product, population prevalence of overweight/ obesity, NCD mortality, and vaccination on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates. Methods A cross-sectional study with two phases: correlation-regression interrelations in 1) all world countries; 2) all world non-island countries. The study includes the following data from 218 world countries: COVID-19 morbidity/mortality rates, GDP per capita, the prevalence of overweight/ obesity, NCD mortality among adults (both sexes), people fully vaccinated against COVID-19. Results An average percentage of the prevalence of overweight among adults in world countries by 2019 was 47.31 ± 15.99%, obesity 18.34 ± 9.64%, while the prevalence by 2016 were 39% and 13%, respectively. Overweight and obesity among adults during three years grew by 21.2% and 40.8%, respectively. Data from the world countries provide significant correlations (p < 0.0001) between COVID-19 morbidity, and: GDP (r = 0.517), overweight (r = 0.54), obesity (r = 0.528), NCD mortality (r = 0.537); COVID-19 mortality, and: GDP (r = 0.344), overweight (r = 0.514), obesity (r = 0.489), NCD mortality (r = 0.611); GDP, and: overweight (r = 0.507), obesity (r = 0.523), NCD mortality (r = 0.35), fully vaccinated people (r = 0.754). An increase in fully vaccinated people, from 3% to 30% of world population, decreases new confirmed COVID-19 cases, although the dependence was not significant (p = 0.07). Data from non-island world countries provides more highly significant correlations (p < 0.0001) between COVID-19 morbidity, and: GDP (r = 0.616), overweight (r = 0.581), obesity (r = 0.583); COVID-19 mortality, and: GDP (r = 0.43), overweight (r = 0.556), obesity (r = 0.539); GDP, and: overweight (r = 0.601), obesity (r = 0.633). The differences of correlation coefficients between data of 176 world countries and data of 143 world non-island countries were not significant (Z-scores<1.29; p > 0.05). Conclusion The study provides evidence of a significant impact of overweight/obesity prevalence on the increase in COVID-19 morbidity/mortality. Countries with higher GDP have a high overweight/obesity prevalence and possibility to get vaccinated.
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12
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Zhao C, Hu W, Xu Y, Wang D, Wang Y, Lv W, Xiong M, Yi Y, Wang H, Zhang Q, Wu Y. Current Landscape: The Mechanism and Therapeutic Impact of Obesity for Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:704893. [PMID: 34350120 PMCID: PMC8326839 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.704893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is defined as a chronic disease induced by an imbalance of energy homeostasis. Obesity is a widespread health problem with increasing prevalence worldwide. Breast cancer (BC) has already been the most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Nowadays, the impact of the rising prevalence of obesity has been recognized as a nonnegligible issue for BC development, outcome, and management. Adipokines, insulin and insulin-like growth factor, sex hormone and the chronic inflammation state play critical roles in the vicious crosstalk between obesity and BC. Furthermore, obesity can affect the efficacy and side effects of multiple therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy and weight management of BC. In this review, we focus on the current landscape of the mechanisms of obesity in fueling BC and the impact of obesity on diverse therapeutic interventions. An in-depth exploration of the underlying mechanisms linking obesity and BC will improve the efficiency of the existing treatments and even provide novel treatment strategies for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Anderson AS, Renehan AG, Saxton JM, Bell J, Cade J, Cross AJ, King A, Riboli E, Sniehotta F, Treweek S, Martin RM. Cancer prevention through weight control-where are we in 2020? Br J Cancer 2021; 124:1049-1056. [PMID: 33235315 PMCID: PMC7960959 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing data from epidemiological studies highlight the association between excess body fat and cancer incidence, but good indicative evidence demonstrates that intentional weight loss, as well as increasing physical activity, offers much promise as a cost-effective approach for reducing the cancer burden. However, clear gaps remain in our understanding of how changes in body fat or levels of physical activity are mechanistically linked to cancer, and the magnitude of their impact on cancer risk. It is important to investigate the causal link between programmes that successfully achieve short-term modest weight loss followed by weight-loss maintenance and cancer incidence. The longer-term impact of weight loss and duration of overweight and obesity on risk reduction also need to be fully considered in trial design. These gaps in knowledge need to be urgently addressed to expedite the development and implementation of future cancer-control strategies. Comprehensive approaches to trial design, Mendelian randomisation studies and data-linkage opportunities offer real possibilities to tackle current research gaps. In this paper, we set out the case for why non-pharmacological weight-management trials are urgently needed to support cancer-risk reduction and help control the growing global burden of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie S Anderson
- Centre for Research into Cancer Prevention and Screening, Division of Population Health & Genomics. Level 7, Mailbox 7, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
| | - Andrew G Renehan
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester, Wilmslow Rd, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - John M Saxton
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Room 259, Northumberland Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Joshua Bell
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Janet Cade
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, G11, Stead House, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Angela King
- NIHR Cancer and Nutrition Collaboration, Level E and Pathology Block (mailpoint 123), Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Falko Sniehotta
- Policy Research Unit Behavioural Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Shaun Treweek
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Room 306, 3rd Floor, Health Sciences Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
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14
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Zhang W, Zhang K, Zhang P, Zheng J, Min C, Li X. Research Progress of Pancreas-Related Microorganisms and Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:604531. [PMID: 33520714 PMCID: PMC7841623 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.604531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common digestive system cancers. Early diagnosis is difficult owing to the lack of specific symptoms and reliable biomarkers. The cause of pancreatic cancer remains ambiguous. Smoking, drinking, new-onset diabetes, and chronic pancreatitis have been proven to be associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer. In recent years, a large number of studies have clarified that a variety of microorganisms colonized in pancreatic cancer tissues are also closely related to the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer, and the specific mechanisms include inflammatory induction, immune regulation, metabolism, and microenvironment changes caused by microorganism. The mechanism of action of the pancreatic colonized microbiome in the tumor microenvironment, as well as immunotherapy approaches require further study in order to find more evidence to explain the complex relationship between the pancreatic colonized microbiome and PDAC. Relevant studies targeting the microbiome may provide insight into the mechanisms of PDAC development and progression, improving treatment effectiveness and overall patient prognosis. In this article, we focus on the research relating to the microorganisms colonized in pancreatic cancer tissues, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. We also highlight the microbial diversity in the occurrence, invasion, metastasis, treatment, and prognosis of pancreatic cancer in order to elucidate its significance in the early diagnosis and new therapeutic treatment of pancreatic cancer, which urgently need to be improved in clinical practice. The elimination or increase in diversity of the pancreatic microbiome is beneficial for prolonging the survival of PDAC patients, improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and reducing tumor burden. The colonization of microorganisms in the pancreas may become a new hotspot in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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