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Van Biesen D, Van Damme T, Morgulec-Adamowicz N, Buchholz A, Anjum M, Healy S. A Systematic Review of Digital Interventions to Promote Physical Activity in People With Intellectual Disabilities and/or Autism. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2024; 41:330-350. [PMID: 37793654 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2023-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review synthesized the literature on digital health interventions for the promotion of physical activity (PA) among people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism. From an initial screening of 553 records, 10 studies underwent full-text review. Data were extracted relating to study, intervention, and sample characteristics and PA-related findings. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. There were mixed findings pertaining to the effectiveness of digital health interventions for promoting PA among these populations. Positive results were reported for three of five active-video-game interventions, two of three social-media-based interventions, and one of two e-learning/multicomponent interventions. Digital health interventions can potentially be effective for promoting PA among people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism. However, the large variation in the samples and intervention types and a reliance on pre- and quasi-experimental research designs suggest that inferences should be made with caution and additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Momna Anjum
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séan Healy
- Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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2
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Abdul Jafar NK, Tham EK, Eng DZ, Rifkin-Graboi A, Gooley JJ, Goh DY, Teoh OH, Lee YS, Shek LPC, Yap F, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Meaney MJ, Cai S, Broekman BF. Chronotype and time-of-day effects on spatial working memory in preschool children. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:1717-1726. [PMID: 37143359 PMCID: PMC10545990 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Spatial working memory (SWM) capacity subserves complex cognitive functions, yet it is unclear whether individual diurnal preferences and time-of-day influence SWM in preschool children. The main and interaction effects of chronotype and time-of-day on SWM and SWM differences in preschoolers with different chronotypes within each time-of-day group will be examined. METHODS We studied a subset of typically developing 4.5-year-olds taking part in a birth cohort study (n = 359). The Children's Chronotype Questionnaire categorized children into morning-, intermediate-, and evening-types. Using a computerized neuropsychological test (Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery), SWM was determined from the total number of between-search errors (ie, between search-total errors) and Strategy scores. Higher between search-total errors or lower Strategy scores indicated worse SWM. Time-of-day was categorized into late morning (10:00 am to 11:59 am), afternoon (12:00 pm to 3:59 pm), and late afternoon (4:00 pm to 6:30 pm). In a subsample (n = 199), caregiver-reported chronotype was validated using actigraphy-measured sleep midpoint. RESULTS After controlling for ethnicity, no significant main and interaction effects of chronotype and time-of-day on between search-total errors and Strategy scores were seen (all P > .05). However, evening-types outperformed morning-types (ie, lower mean between search-total errors) in the late afternoon (P = .013) but not in the late morning and afternoon (all P > .05). Actigraphy data in the subsample confirmed that evening-types had later sleep midpoints during weekdays and weekends (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Since evening-type preschoolers had better SWM in the late afternoon compared to morning-type preschoolers, this gives insights into optimal learning opportunities in early childhood education. CITATION Abdul Jafar NK, Tham EKH, Eng DZH, et al. Chronotype and time-of-day effects on spatial working memory in preschool children. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(10):1717-1726.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur K. Abdul Jafar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Elaine K.H. Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Derric Z.H. Eng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- Centre for Research in Child Development, Office of Educational Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Joshua J. Gooley
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Daniel Y.T. Goh
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Oon-Hoe Teoh
- Respiratory Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yung S. Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Peter D. Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Birit F.P. Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Department of Psychiatry, OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Dong H, Wang T, Feng J, Xue Y, Jia F. The relationship between screen time before bedtime and behaviors of preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder and the mediating effects of sleep. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:635. [PMID: 37648993 PMCID: PMC10466770 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are overlapping effects of screen time and sleep on children's behavior. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of screen time with behavior problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the probable mediating effects of sleep, in order to provide evidence for the need for clinical identification and intervention. METHODS A sample of 358 preschoolers with ASD were included. We investigated the children's basic characteristics of sex and age, ASD symptoms (ABC, CARS, and ADOS-2), neurodevelopment (GDS-C), sleep habits (CSHQ), and behavior (CBCL). Pearson correlation tests were used to determine the direct correlations among children's screen time, CBCL, and CSHQ. Linear regression analysis was used to explore whether screen time predicted total score of CBCL. Multi-step linear regression analysis was used to investigate the mediating effect of sleep on the relationship between screen time and total score of CBCL. RESULTS Screen time before bedtime was correlated with CBCL and CSHQ, which indicated that screen time before bedtime was correlated with sleep and behavior in children with ASD. Screen time before bedtime was a predictor of CBCL total score (indicating children's behavior), and CSHQ total score (indicating children's sleep habits) played a partial mediating role between screen time before bedtime and children's behavior. CONCLUSION Clinicians should support and educate parents of children with ASD, which should focus on managing screen time, especially screen time before bedtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Dong
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Junyan Feng
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Feiyong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Preschoolers' engagement with screen content and associations with sleep and cognitive development. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 230:103762. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Wilaisakditipakorn TJ, Ievers-Landis CE, Malay S, Burkhart K, Ibrahim S, Kralovic S, Diekroger EA. Sleep and media use among children with neurodevelopmental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.2013222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanaporn Jasmine Wilaisakditipakorn
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics & Psychology, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carolyn E. Ievers-Landis
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics & Psychology, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sindhoosha Malay
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Burkhart
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics & Psychology, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sally Ibrahim
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shanna Kralovic
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics & Psychology, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Diekroger
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics & Psychology, Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Berard M, Peries M, Loubersac J, Picot MC, Bernard JY, Munir K, Baghdadli A. Screen time and associated risks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders during a discrete COVID-19 lockdown period. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1026191. [PMID: 36532191 PMCID: PMC9751585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1026191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic may affect the screen time of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This study aimed to examine the screen time of children and adolescents with ASD during a discrete lockdown period in France and identify risk factors for excessive screen time. METHODS The study sample consisted of 249 ASD subjects, 3-17 years of age, enrolled in the ELENA cohort. Information about the screen time was collected using the COVID-19 questionnaire specially created for this study. The clinical, socio-demographic and familial characteristics were collected from the last ELENA follow-up visit. RESULTS More than one third of subjects exceeded recommended levels of screen time and almost half of parents reported that their child spent more time using screen since COVID-19 pandemic beginning. Excessive screen time was significantly related to age with higher screen time in adolescents. Risk factors for excessive screen time were high withdrawn behaviors and low socioeconomic status for children, and older age and male gender for adolescents. CONCLUSION These results imply to adapt the recommendations already formulated in general population concerning the good use of screens in youth with ASD. Specific recommendations and suitable guidance are needed to help children and adolescents with ASD and their parents implement the more optimal use of screen time activities for educational, therapeutic and social goals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02625116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Berard
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France
| | - Julie Loubersac
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France.,Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, University Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, INRAE, Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Statistiques, Paris, France.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kerim Munir
- Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amaria Baghdadli
- Centre de Ressource Autisme Languedoc-Roussillon, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Centre d'Excellence sur l'Autisme et les Troubles Neuro-développementaux, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team DevPsy, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Moore SA, Sharma R, Martin Ginis KA, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP. Adverse Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Movement and Play Behaviours of Children and Youth Living with Disabilities: Findings from the National Physical Activity Measurement (NPAM) Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12950. [PMID: 34948560 PMCID: PMC8701838 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182412950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
All children and youth require ample physical activity (PA), low levels of sedentary behaviour (SB), and adequate sleep to stay healthy. Children and youth living with disabilities (CYWD) tend to have fewer opportunities for participation in PA and outdoor play compared with their typically developing peers. In turn, CYWD are typically less active and more sedentary, on average, compared with their peers. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced opportunities for many children and youth to participate in PA and outdoor play. The purpose of this study was to assess parent-perceived changes in PA (including outdoor play), SB (including screen time), and sleep quality and quantity, due to COVID-19 and related restrictions, in a national cohort of Canadian CYWD. We recruited parents of school-aged CYWD (N = 151) in May 2020. In an online survey, parents reported their child's previous 7-day PA, SB, and sleep, as well as perceived changes in their child's movement and play behaviours due to COVID-19 and related restrictions. Parent-perceived parental support for their child's movement and play behaviours during the pandemic was also assessed. We used descriptive statistics to describe the child's movement behaviours and assessed the association between movement behaviours and parental factors using Pearson and point-biserial correlations. Few (5.3%) CYWD met PA recommendations and 13.2% met screen time recommendations during the acute period of the COVID-19 pandemic. More CYWD (66.2%) were meeting sleep recommendations. Overall, only 1.3% of CYWD were meeting the combined movement guidelines. Parent encouragement was positively associated with the child's outdoor PA (0.23), wheeling, walking, and biking (0.19), indoor PA (0.16), and family-based PA (0.26). Parental co-play was similarly positively associated with the child's outdoor PA (0.26), wheeling, walking, and biking (0.39), indoor PA (0.16), and family-based PA (0.26). Parents perceived their CYWD to be less active and more sedentary as a result of COVID-19 and the related restrictions. Parents of CYWD have an important role in encouraging healthy movement behaviours. Return to movement and play post-COVID guidelines should include tailored strategies for CYWD and their families to mitigate the negative impacts of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Moore
- School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ritu Sharma
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord St., Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada;
| | - Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, 1147 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, 1088 Discovery Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, 818 W 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, University of British Columbia, 1088 Discovery Avenue, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord St., Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada;
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Halstead EJ, Jones A, Esposito G, Dimitriou D. The Moderating Role of Parental Sleep Knowledge on Children with Developmental Disabilities and Their Parents' Sleep. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020746. [PMID: 33467212 PMCID: PMC7830639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with intellectual and developmental difficulties often experience sleep problems, which in turn may impact parental sleep patterns. This study explored the role of parental sleep knowledge as a moderator on the relationship between child sleep and parental sleep impairment. METHODS 582 parents or caregivers (92.6% mothers) of children with different developmental disabilities (Age M = 9.34, 29.5% females) such as Down's syndrome, participated in an online survey. Multiple regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS Parental sleep knowledge of child sleep was a moderating variable in the relationship between child sleep nocturnal duration and parental sleep impairment. Although overall, sleep knowledge was high in this sample, two specific knowledge gaps were identified namely child sleep duration requirements, and the recognition of signs of a well-rested child. CONCLUSION This study has provided evidence that increased parental sleep knowledge can positively impact both child and parental sleep outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Halstead
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), UCL Institute of Education, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (E.J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Alexandra Jones
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), UCL Institute of Education, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (E.J.H.); (A.J.)
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Social and Affective Neuroscience Lab, Psychology Program-SSS, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore;
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Affiliative Behaviour and Physiology Lab, Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Trento, Italy
| | - Dagmara Dimitriou
- Sleep Education and Research Laboratory (SERL), UCL Institute of Education, London WC1H 0AA, UK; (E.J.H.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence:
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