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Rawat P, Sharma K, Khanka S, Singh Y, Prakash R, Rais N, Maurya AK, Gupta R, Mishra DK, Singh D, Kanojiya S. Bone Fracture-healing Properties and UPLC-MS Analysis of an Enriched Flavonoid Fraction from Oxystelma esculentum. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:96-110. [PMID: 37846499 DOI: 10.1055/a-2192-2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxystelma esculentum has been used as a folk medicine to treat jaundice, throat infections, and skin problems. In the current study, the bone fracture-healing properties of a flavonoid-enriched fraction (Oxy50-60F) of O. esculentum were investigated in Swiss mice using a drill-hole injury model. Oxy50-60F (1 mg/kg/day, 5 mg/kg/day, and 10 mg/kg/day) was administered orally (from the next day) after a 0.6 mm drill-hole injury in mice femur mid-diaphysis for 7 days and 14 days. Parathyroid hormone (40 µg/kg; 5 times/week) was given subcutaneously as the positive control. Confocal imaging for bone regeneration, micro-architecture of femur bones, ex vivo mineralization, hematoxyline and eosin staining, measurement of reactive oxygen species, and gene expression of osteogenic and anti-inflammatory genes were studied. Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin glycosides were identified in the active fraction using mass spectrometry techniques. Our results confirm that Oxy50-60F treatment promotes fracture healing and callus formation at drill-hole sites and stimulates osteogenic and anti-inflammatory genes. Oxy50-60F administration to fractured mice exhibited significantly better micro-CT parameters in a dose-dependent manner and promoted nodule mineralization at days 7 and 14 post-injury. Oxy50-60F also prevents ROS generation by increasing expression of the SOD2 enzyme. Overall, this study reveals that Oxy50-60F has bone regeneration potential in a cortical bone defect model, which supports its use in delayed-union and non-union fracture cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kriti Sharma
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonu Khanka
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yatendra Singh
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Prakash
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nisha Rais
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Maurya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ritika Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipak K Mishra
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kanojiya
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility & Research, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Gupta A, Mehta SK, Kumar A, Singh S. Advent of phytobiologics and nano-interventions for bone remodeling: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:142-169. [PMID: 34957903 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism constitutes the intricate processes of matrix deposition, mineralization, and resorption. Any imbalance in these processes leads to traumatic bone injuries and serious disease conditions. Therefore, bone remodeling plays a crucial role during the regeneration process maintaining the balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Currently, numerous phytobiologics are emerging as the new therapeutics for the treatment of bone-related complications overcoming the synthetic drug-based side effects. They can either target osteoblasts, osteoclasts, or both through different mechanistic pathways for maintaining the bone remodeling process. Although phytobiologics have been widely used since tradition for the treatment of bone fractures recently, the research is accentuated toward the development of osteogenic phytobioactives, constituent-based drug designing models, and efficacious delivery of the phytobioactives. To achieve this, different plant extracts and successful isolation of their phytoconstituents are critical for osteogenic research. Hence, this review emphasizes the phytobioactives based research specifically enlisting the plants and their constituents used so far as bone therapeutics, their respective isolation procedures, and nanotechnological interventions in bone research. Also, the review enlists the vast array of folklore plants and the newly emerging nano-delivery systems in treating bone injuries as the future scope of research in the phytomedicinal orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Mehta
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
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3
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Flavonoids from Dalbergia cochinchinensis: Impact on osteoclastogenesis. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:112-119. [PMID: 36643234 PMCID: PMC9831843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Dalbergia cochinchinensi has been widely used in traditional medicine because of its flavonoids. This study examined which components in D. cochinchinensis were capable of reducing or even stimulating the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Materials and methods We have isolated subfamilies of chalcones (isoliquiritigenin, butein), flavones (7-hydroxy-6-methoxyflavone) and neoflavanoids (5-methoxylatifolin), and performed an in vitro bioassay on osteoclastogenesis. The flavonoids were tested for their potential to change the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K (CTSK) in murine bone marrow cultures being exposed to RANKL, M-CSF and TGF-β1 using RT-PCR, histochemistry and immunoassay. Results We could confirm that isoliquiritigenin and butein significantly lower the expression of TRAP and CTSK in this setting. Moreover, histochemistry supported the decrease of TRAP by the chalcones. We further observed a trend towards an increase of osteoclastogenesis in the presence of 5-methoxylatifolin and 7-hydroxy-6-methoxyflavone, particular in bone marrow cultures being exposed to RANKL and M-CSF. Consistently, the anti-inflammatory activity was restricted to isoliquiritigenin and butein in murine RAW 264.7 inflammatory macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). With respect to osteoblastogenesis, neither of the flavonoids but butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, increased the osteogenic differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase activity in ST2 murine mesenchymal cells. Conclusion We have identified two flavonoids from D. cochinchinensis with a potential pro-osteoclastogenic activity and confirm the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of isoliquiritigenin and butein.
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Andrew TW, Koepke LS, Wang Y, Lopez M, Steininger H, Struck D, Boyko T, Ambrosi TH, Tong X, Sun Y, Gulati GS, Murphy MP, Marecic O, Telvin R, Schallmoser K, Strunk D, Seita J, Goodman SB, Yang F, Longaker MT, Yang GP, Chan CKF. Sexually dimorphic estrogen sensing in skeletal stem cells controls skeletal regeneration. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6491. [PMID: 36310174 PMCID: PMC9618571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexually dimorphic tissues are formed by cells that are regulated by sex hormones. While a number of systemic hormones and transcription factors are known to regulate proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, the mechanisms that determine sexually dimorphic differences in bone regeneration are unclear. To explore how sex hormones regulate bone regeneration, we compared bone fracture repair between adult male and female mice. We found that skeletal stem cell (SSC) mediated regeneration in female mice is dependent on estrogen signaling but SSCs from male mice do not exhibit similar estrogen responsiveness. Mechanistically, we found that estrogen acts directly on the SSC lineage in mice and humans by up-regulating multiple skeletogenic pathways and is necessary for the stem cell's ability to self- renew and differentiate. Our results also suggest a clinically applicable strategy to accelerate bone healing using localized estrogen hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom W. Andrew
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Lauren S. Koepke
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Yuting Wang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael Lopez
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Holly Steininger
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Danielle Struck
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Tatiana Boyko
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Thomas H. Ambrosi
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Xinming Tong
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA
| | - Yuxi Sun
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA ,grid.280808.a0000 0004 0419 1326Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA
| | - Gunsagar S. Gulati
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Matthew P. Murphy
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Owen Marecic
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ruth Telvin
- grid.490568.60000 0004 5997 482XDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford Hospital and Clinics, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Katharina Schallmoser
- grid.21604.310000 0004 0523 5263Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Department for Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dirk Strunk
- grid.21604.310000 0004 0523 5263Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Department for Transfusion Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria ,grid.21604.310000 0004 0523 5263Cell Therapy Institute, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jun Seita
- grid.7597.c0000000094465255Center for Integrative Medical Sciences and Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA
| | - Fan Yang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - George P. Yang
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA ,grid.280808.a0000 0004 0419 1326Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA
| | - Charles K. F. Chan
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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5
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Metabonomics Analysis of Stem Extracts from Dalbergia sissoo. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061982. [PMID: 35335342 PMCID: PMC8953952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia sissoo is a woody plant with economic and medicinal value. As the pharmacological qualities and properties of the wood from this plant primarily depend on its extractives, in this study, the metabolomic analysis of extractives from its stems was carried out using UPLC-MS/MS. A total of 735 metabolites were detected from two groups of samples, heartwood and sapwood, with the largest number of terpenoids in type and the largest number of flavonoids in quantity. The PCA and cluster analysis showed significant differences in the metabolite composition between the two groups. The differential metabolites were mainly organic oxygen compounds, flavonoids, and isoflavones. Among the 105 differential metabolites, 26 metabolites were significantly higher in relative content in sapwood than in heartwood, while the other 79 metabolites were significantly higher in relative content in heartwood than in sapwood. KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that these differential metabolites were mainly enriched in three metabolic pathways: Flavonoid biosynthesis, isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis. This study provides a reference for metabolomics studies in Dalbergia and other woody plants.
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6
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Chen L, Zhang RY, Xie J, Yang JY, Fang KH, Hong CX, Yang RB, Bsoul N, Yang L. STAT3 activation by catalpol promotes osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling, thus accelerating osteoporotic bone repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:108. [PMID: 33541442 PMCID: PMC7863540 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone fracture repair has gained a lot of attention due to the high incidence of delayed union or even nonunion especially in osteoporotic patients, resulting in a dreadful impact on the quality of life. However, current therapies involve the costly expense and hence become unaffordable strategies for fracture recovery. Herein, developing new strategies for better bone repair is essential and urgent. Catalpol treatment has been reported to attenuate bone loss and promote bone formation. However, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unraveled. METHODS Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from rat femurs. BMSC osteogenic ability was assessed using ALP and ARS staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. BMSC-mediated angiogenic potentials were determined using the western blot analysis, ELISA testing, scratch wound assay, transwell migration assay, and tube formation assay. To investigate the molecular mechanism, the lentivirus transfection was used. Ovariectomized and sham-operated rats with calvaria defect were analyzed using micro-CT, H&E staining, Masson's trichrome staining, microfil perfusion, sequential fluorescent labeling, and immunohistochemistry assessment after administrated with/without catalpol. RESULTS Our results manifested that catalpol enhanced BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and promoted BMSC-mediated angiogenesis in vitro. More importantly, this was conducted via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, as knockdown of STAT3 partially abolished beneficial effects in BMSCs. Besides, catalpol administration facilitated bone regeneration as well as vessel formation in an OVX-induced osteoporosis calvarial defect rat model. CONCLUSIONS The data above showed that catalpol could promote osteogenic ability of BMSC and BMSC-dependent angiogenesis through activation of the JAK2/STAT3 axis, suggesting it may be an ideal therapeutic agent for clinical medication of osteoporotic bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ri-Yan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jia-Yi Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Kang-Hao Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Chen-Xuan Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Rong-Bo Yang
- Medical College, Zhejiang Jiaxing College, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Najeeb Bsoul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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7
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Summarize the in vivo evidences on the association between nutrition and osteoporosis fracture healing. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoporotic fractures constitute a considerable public health burden. The healing capacity of fractures is influenced by local factors related to the fracture and by general factors (e.g., age, sex, osteoporosis, muscular mass, smoking, alcohol, drugs, and diet). The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA statement. From the literature search on PubMed and Web of Science, from January 2016 to October 2019, twelve studies were selected and resulted highly variable in samples, exposure, methods, outcomes, and outcome assessment. Eleven studies were conducted on laboratory animals. Only one study aimed to investigate the impact of nutritional status on fracture healing in osteoporotic patients. In this review, the role of calcium/vitamin D supplementation remained controversial, while sialoglycoprotein supplementation, phytoestrogen-rich herb extract, flavonoids, and phosphorylated peptides showed a positive effect on osteoporotic fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Chiavarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Public Heath, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Naldini
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Fabiani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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8
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Miranda LL, Guimarães-Lopes VDP, Altoé LS, Sarandy MM, Melo FCSA, Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV. Plant Extracts in the Bone Repair Process: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1296153. [PMID: 31885494 PMCID: PMC6899290 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1296153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone lesions are an important public health problem, with high socioeconomic costs. Bone tissue repair is coordinated by an inflammatory dynamic process mediated by osteoprogenitor cells of the periosteum and endosteum, responsible for the formation of a new bone matrix. Studies using antioxidant products from plants for bone lesion treatment have been growing worldwide. We developed a systematic review to compile the results of works with animal models investigating the anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts in the treatment of bone lesions and analyze the methodological quality of the studies on this subject. Studies were selected in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases according to the PRISMA statement. The research filters were constructed using three parameters: animal model, bone repair, and plant extracts. 31 full-text articles were recovered from 10 countries. Phytochemical prospecting was reported in 15 studies (48.39%). The most common secondary metabolites were flavonoids, cited in 32.26% studies (n = 10). Essential criteria to in vivo animal studies were frequently underreported, suggesting publication bias. The animals treated with plant extracts presented positive results in the osteoblastic proliferation, and consequently, this treatment accelerated osteogenic differentiation and bone callus formation, as well as bone fracture repair. Possibly, these results are associated with antioxidant, regenerative, and anti-inflammatory power of the extracts. The absence or incomplete characterization of the animal models, treatment protocols, and phytochemical and toxicity analyses impairs the internal validity of the evidence, making it difficult to determine the effectiveness and safety of plant-derived products in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyvia Lopes Miranda
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Schulthais Altoé
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Mariáurea Matias Sarandy
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Rômulo Dias Novaes
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais 37130-001, Brazil
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9
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Zhang T, Han W, Zhao K, Yang W, Lu X, Jia Y, Qin A, Qian Y. Psoralen accelerates bone fracture healing by activating both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. FASEB J 2019; 33:5399-5410. [PMID: 30702934 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801797r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone fracture healing is a complex, dynamic process that involves various cell types, with osteoclasts and osteoblasts playing indispensable roles. In this study, we found that psoralen, the main active ingredient in Psoralea corylifolia L. fruit extract, enhanced bone fracture healing through activation of osteoclast and osteoblast activity via the ERK signaling pathway. In detail, psoralen promoted receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis, mRNA expression of osteoclast-specific genes, and osteoclastic bone resorption in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages. Meanwhile, psoralen induced osteogenic differentiation by promoting the mRNA expression of the osteoblast differentiation markers alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, and osteocalcin. At the molecular level, psoralen preferentially activated ERK1/2 but not JNK or p38 MAPKs. Further experiments revealed that psoralen-induced osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation was abrogated by a specific inhibitor of phosphorylated ERK. In addition, psoralen accelerated bone fracture healing in a rat tibial fracture model, and the numbers of osteoclasts and osteoblasts were increased in psoralen-treated fracture callus. Taken together, our findings indicate that psoralen accelerates bone fracture healing through activation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts via ERK signaling and has potential as a novel drug in the orthopedic clinic for the treatment of bone fractures.-Zhang, T., Han, W., Zhao, K., Yang, W., Lu, X., Jia, Y., Qin, A., Qian, Y. Psoralen accelerates bone fracture healing by activating both osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Weiqi Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Kangxian Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wanlei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuanyuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yewei Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
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10
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Karvande A, Kushwaha P, Ahmad N, Adhikary S, Kothari P, Tripathi AK, Khedgikar V, Trivedi R. Glucose dependent miR-451a expression contributes to parathyroid hormone mediated osteoblast differentiation. Bone 2018; 117:98-115. [PMID: 30218791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH; amino acid 1-34, known as teriparatide) has reported promoting differentiation and glucose uptake in osteoblasts. However, how PTH regulates glucose metabolism to facilitate osteoblast differentiation is not understood. Here, we report that PTH promotes glucose dependent miR-451a expression which stimulates osteoblast differentiation. In addition to glucose uptake, PTH suppresses AMPK phosphorylation via PI3K-mTOR-AKT axis thereby preventing phosphorylation and inactivation of octamer-binding transcription factor 1 (OCT-1) which has been reported to act on the promoter region of miR-451a. Modulation of AMPK activity controls miR-451a levels in differentiating osteoblasts. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K-mTOR-AKT axis suppressed miR-451a via increased AMPK activity. We report that this glucose regulated miRNA is an anabolic target and transfection of miR-451a mimic induces osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro. These actions were mediated through the suppression of Odd-skipped related 1 (Osr1) and activation of Runx2 transcription. When injected in vivo, the miR-451a mimic significantly increased osteoblastogenesis, mineralization, reversed ovariectomy induced bone loss and improved bone strength. Together, these findings suggest that enhanced osteoblast differentiation associated with bone formation in case of PTH therapy is also a consequence of elevated miR-451a levels via glucose regulation. Consequently, this miRNA has the potential to be a therapeutic target for conditions of bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Karvande
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Kushwaha
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sulekha Adhikary
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Kothari
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Tripathi
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram Khedgikar
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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Wu X, Xie CQ, Zhu QQ, Wang MY, Sun B, Huang YP, Shen C, An MF, Zhao YL, Wang XJ, Sheng J. Green tea ( Camellia sinensis) aqueous extract alleviates postmenopausal osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats and prevents RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Food Nutr Res 2018; 62:1478. [PMID: 30349445 PMCID: PMC6190732 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Green tea (Camelliasinensis [L.] Kuntze) belongs to the plant family Theaceae and is mainly distributed in East Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. This plant has been proven to be beneficial to human health, and green tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world after water. However, until now, the effect of green tea aqueous extract (GTE) upon postmenopausal osteoporosis has remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of GTE on estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis and explored the possible mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods Ovariectomized (OVX) female rats were orally administered with GTE at doses of 60, 120, and 370 mg kg−1 for 13 consecutive weeks. The biochemical parameters, bone gla protein, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, estrogen, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 in blood samples were detected, and histological change in bones was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of GTE on osteoclast formation were explored in RAW 264.7 cells induced by receptor activation of the nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL). Results The results showed that GTE could increase bone mass and inhibit trabecular bone loss in OVX rats. Furthermore, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis from in vitro experiments also showed that GTE reduced the mRNA expression of osteoclast-associated genes such as cathepsin K (cath-K), c-Fos, matrix metalloproteinase 9, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. In addition, GTE caused a reduction in the protein levels of NFATc1, c-Fos, c-src and cath-K. Conclusion Evidence from both animal models and in vitro experiments suggested that GTE might effectively ameliorate the symptoms of osteoporosis in OVX rats and inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast-specific gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuan-Qi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang-Qiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Chang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Meng-Fei An
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xuan-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-erh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
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12
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Karvande A, Khan S, Khan I, Singh D, Khedgikar V, Kushwaha P, Ahmad N, Kothari P, Dhasmana A, Kant R, Trivedi R, Chauhan PMS. Discovery of a tetrazolyl β-carboline with in vitro and in vivo osteoprotective activity under estrogen-deficient conditions. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1213-1225. [PMID: 30109010 PMCID: PMC6072419 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Carbolines have been assessed for osteoclastogenesis. However, their effect on osteoblasts during estrogen deficiency is still unclear. Here, a series of novel piperazine and tetrazole tag β-carbolines have been synthesized and examined for osteoblast differentiation in vitro. In vitro data suggest that compound 8g is the most promising osteoblast differentiating agent that was evaluated for in vivo studies. Compound 8g promoted osteoblast mineralization, stimulated Runx2, BMP-2 and OCN expression levels, increased BrdU incorporation and inhibited generation of free radicals as well as nitric oxide. Since a piperazine group is involved in bone repair activity and β-carboline in IκB kinase (IKK) inhibition, compound 8g inhibited tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) directed IκBα phosphorylation, preventing nuclear translocation of NF-κB thereby alleviating osteoblast apoptosis. In vivo studies show that compound 8g was able to restore estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in ovariectomized rats without any toxicity, thus signifying its potential in bone-protection chemotherapy under postmenopausal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Karvande
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Chemistry Division , BHUPAL NOBLES' UNIVERSITY , Udaipur-313001 , India
| | - Irfan Khan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
| | - Deepti Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
| | - Vikram Khedgikar
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Priyanka Kushwaha
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Priyanka Kothari
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Research Himalayan School of Bio sciences , Swami Rama Himalayan University , Dehradun , India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Central Drug Research Institute , CSIR , Lucknow 226031 , India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Prem M S Chauhan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
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13
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Jolly JJ, Chin KY, Alias E, Chua KH, Soelaiman IN. Protective Effects of Selected Botanical Agents on Bone. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E963. [PMID: 29751644 PMCID: PMC5982002 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a serious health problem affecting more than 200 million elderly people worldwide. The early symptoms of this disease are hardly detectable. It causes progressive bone loss, which ultimately renders the patients susceptible to fractures. Osteoporosis must be prevented because the associated fragility fractures result in high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Many plants used in herbal medicine contain bioactive compounds possessing skeletal protective effects. This paper explores the anti-osteoporotic properties of selected herbal plants, including their actions on osteoblasts (bone forming cells), osteoclasts (bone resorbing cells), and bone remodelling. Some of the herbal plant families included in this review are Berberidaceae, Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Labiatae, Simaroubaceaea, and Myrsinaceae. Their active constituents, mechanisms of action, and pharmaceutical applications were discussed. The literature shows that very few herbal plants have undergone human clinical trials to evaluate their pharmacological effects on bone to date. Therefore, more intensive research should be performed on these plants to validate their anti-osteoporotic properties so that they can complement the currently available conventional drugs in the battle against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jam Jolly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ekram Alias
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kien Hui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ima Nirwana Soelaiman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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