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Duc HM, Hoa TTK, Ha CTT, Van Hung L, Van Thang N, Minh Son H, Flory GA. Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Clostridium perfringens Isolated from Pork and Chicken Meat in Vietnam. Pathogens 2024; 13:400. [PMID: 38787252 PMCID: PMC11123724 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens as it can cause food poisoning in humans and necrotic enteritis in both animals and humans. Meat, especially pork and chicken meat, is considered the main vehicle for the transmission of C. perfringens from animals to humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, toxinotype, and antimicrobial resistance profile of C. perfringens isolated from pork and chicken meat sold in Vietnam. The isolation results showed that 15/50 (30%) of pork samples and 8/50 (16%) of chicken meat samples were contaminated with C. perfringens. The isolates exhibited their highest resistance rate to tetracycline (21/23; 91.30%) and clindamycin (10/23; 43.48%). On the contrary, their lowest resistance rates were observed in response to imipenem (2/23; 8.70%) and cefoxitin (1/23; 4.35%). In particular, 34.78% (8/23) of C. perfringens isolates were identified to be multidrug-resistant strains. The results of toxin genotyping indicated that all isolates were positive for the cpa gene and belonged to type A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Minh Duc
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Khanh Hoa
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
| | - Cam Thi Thu Ha
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
| | - Le Van Hung
- Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Thang
- Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Minh Son
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi 12400, Vietnam
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Li M, Wang Y, Hou B, Chen Y, Hu M, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Li L, Luo Y, Liu Y, Cai Y. Toxin gene detection and antibiotic resistance of Clostridium perfringens from aquatic sources. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 415:110642. [PMID: 38428166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is a zoonotic opportunistic pathogen that produces toxins that can cause necrotic enteritis and even "sudden death disease". This bacterium is widely distributed in the intestines of livestock and human, but there are few reports of distribution in aquatic animals (Hafeez et al., 2022). In order to explore the isolation rate of C. perfringens and the toxin genes they carry, 141 aquatic samples, including clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), oysters (Ostreidae), and mud snails (Bullacta exerata Philippi), were collected from the coastal areas of Shandong Province, China. C. perfringens strains were tested for cpa, cpb, etx, iap, cpb2, cpe, netB, and tpeL genes. 45 clam samples were boiled at 100 °C for 5 min before bacteria isolation. 80 strains were isolated from 141 samples with the positive rate being 57 %.And the positive rates of cooked clams was 87 % which was higher than the average. In detection of 8 toxin genes, all strains tested cpa positive, 3 strains netB positive, and 2 cpb and cpe, respectively. 64 strains were selected to analyze the antibiotic resistance phenotype of 10 antibiotics. The average antibiotic resistance rates of the strains to tetracycline, clindamycin, and ampicillin were 45 %, 20 %, and 16 % respectively, and the MIC of 4 strains to clindamycin was ≥128 μg/mL. A high isolation rate of C. perfringens from aquatic animals was shown, and it was isolated from boiled clams for the first time, in which cpe and netB toxin genes were detected for the first time too. The toxin encoded by cpe gene can cause food poisoning of human, thus the discoveries of this study have certain guiding significance for food safety. Antibiotics resistant C. perfringens of aquatic origin may arise from transmission in the terrestrial environment or from antibiotic contamination of the aquaculture environment and is of public health significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Bingyu Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yibao Chen
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhao
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yanbo Luo
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
| | - Yumei Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
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Kakese Mukosa R, Thibodeau A, Morris Fairbrother J, Thériault W, Gaucher ML. Addressing Current Challenges in Poultry Meat Safety: Development of a Cultivation and Colony Hybridization Approach to Recover Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens from Broiler Chicken Carcasses. Pathogens 2023; 13:30. [PMID: 38251337 PMCID: PMC10820424 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens is one of the main causes of foodborne illness in Canada. The use of a conventional bacterial culture approach to isolate enterotoxigenic C. perfringens from poultry meat is common. This approach is based on the phenotype attributable to a double hemolysis phenomenon, whereas few enterotoxigenic strains of C. perfringens produce it, which further complicates the study of the reservoirs of this important pathogen. The objectives of the current study were to validate the ability of a digoxigenin-labeled probe to detect the C. perfringens cpe gene and to validate the use of either a filtration or a direct plating approach, combined with colony hybridization to detect enterotoxigenic C. perfringens. Pure DNA and pure colonies of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens and broiler chicken carcass rinsate samples were subjected to colony hybridization. The results showed that the synthesized DNA probe can detect the cpe gene from both DNA and pure colonies of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens, and from colonies grown from carcass rinsates artificially contaminated with enterotoxigenic C. perfringens. Our study suggests that this isolation method is a promising tool for a better understanding of the epidemiology of this zoonotic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosette Kakese Mukosa
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (R.K.M.); (A.T.); (W.T.)
- Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Animal Production, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
| | - Alexandre Thibodeau
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (R.K.M.); (A.T.); (W.T.)
- Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Animal Production, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA-FRQNT), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - John Morris Fairbrother
- Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Animal Production, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA-FRQNT), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 7C6, Canada
| | - William Thériault
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (R.K.M.); (A.T.); (W.T.)
- Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Animal Production, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA-FRQNT), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Marie-Lou Gaucher
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; (R.K.M.); (A.T.); (W.T.)
- Research Group on Infectious Diseases in Animal Production, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA-FRQNT), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2, Canada
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Priya GB, Srinivas K, Shilla H, Milton AAP. High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant, Biofilm-Forming Virulent Clostridium perfringens in Broiler Chicken Retail Points in Northeast India. Foods 2023; 12:4185. [PMID: 38002242 PMCID: PMC10670561 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of the significant public health and food safety implications associated with Clostridium perfringens, this study aimed to isolate and characterize C. perfringens in samples obtained from broiler chicken retail points in Meghalaya, northeastern India. A total of 280 samples comprising meat, intestinal contents, water, and hand swabs were processed to detect contamination by C. perfringens. The isolates were subjected to toxinotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and biofilm-forming ability test. The overall occurrence of C. perfringens was 22.5% (17.74-27.85, 95% CI) with the highest recovery from intestine samples (31%; 22.13-41.03, 95% CI), followed by meat (23%, 15.17-32.49, 95% CI) and water samples (18%, 8.58-31.44, 95% CI). Type A was the predominant toxinotype (71.43%, 58.65-82.11, 95% CI), followed by Type A with beta2 toxin (17.46%, 9.05-29.10, 95% CI), Type C (7.94%, 2.63-17.56, 95% CI), and Type C with beta2 toxin (3.17%, 0.39-11.0, 95% CI). Nearly all (95.24%) isolates were multidrug resistant and 68.25% were biofilm formers. The predominance of multidrug-resistant and virulent Type A and Type C C. perfringens in retail broiler meat and intestines in the tribal-dominated northeastern region of India is of great concern from food safety and public health perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kandhan Srinivas
- Division of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India; (K.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Heiborkie Shilla
- Division of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India; (K.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton
- Division of Animal and Fisheries Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India; (K.S.); (H.S.)
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Kabiraz MP, Majumdar PR, Mahmud MC, Bhowmik S, Ali A. Conventional and advanced detection techniques of foodborne pathogens: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15482. [PMID: 37151686 PMCID: PMC10161726 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a major public health concern and have a significant economic impact globally. From harvesting to consumption stages, food is generally contaminated by viruses, parasites, and bacteria, which causes foodborne diseases such as hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), typhoid, acute, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Hence, early detection of foodborne pathogenic microbes is essential to ensure a safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases. The identification of foodborne pathogens is associated with conventional (e.g., culture-based, biochemical test-based, immunological-based, and nucleic acid-based methods) and advances (e.g., hybridization-based, array-based, spectroscopy-based, and biosensor-based process) techniques. For industrial food applications, detection methods could meet parameters such as accuracy level, efficiency, quickness, specificity, sensitivity, and non-labor intensive. This review provides an overview of conventional and advanced techniques used to detect foodborne pathogens over the years. Therefore, the scientific community, policymakers, and food and agriculture industries can choose an appropriate method for better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Probha Kabiraz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Priyanka Rani Majumdar
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - M.M. Chayan Mahmud
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Shuva Bhowmik
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Azam Ali
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Corresponding author.
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Wu D, Luo R, Gong G, Zhang L, Huang J, Cai C, Li Y, Irshad I, Song R, Suolang S. Antimicrobial susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from yaks in Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1022215. [DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1022215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is an opportunistic pathogen that cause necrotic enteritis, food poisoning and even death in animals. In this study, we explored the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of Clostridium perfringens isolated from yak in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China. A total of 744 yak fecal samples were collected and assessed for toxin genes, antimicrobial susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results indicated that 144 out of 744 (19.35%) yak fecal samples were tested to be positive for C. perfringens, 75% (n = 108, 108/144) were C. perfringens type A, 17.36% (n = 25, 25/144) were C. perfringens type C, 2.78% (n = 4, 4/144) were C. perfringens type D, and 4.86% (n = 7, 7/144) were C. perfringens type F. In addition, 2.78% (n = 4, 4/144) of the isolates were positive for cpb2 toxin gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 98.61% (142/144) of the isolates showed multiple-antibiotic resistance. According to MLST and phylogenetic tree, 144 yak-derived C. perfringens isolates had an average of 12.95 alleles and could be divided into 89 sequence types (STs) and clustered in 11 clonal complexes (CCs). The most of isolates belong to type A with a considerable genetic diversity, having Simpson index up to 0.9754. MLST and phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates under the same clade came from multiple regions. Cross-transmission among isolates and interconnectedness were observed in the genetic evolution. According to the study, the most of the isolates exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial resistance, diverse alleles, and multiple lethal toxin genes of C. perfringens.
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Biofilm formation, antimicrobial assay, and toxin-genotypes of Clostridium perfringens type C isolates cultured from a neonatal Yangtze finless porpoise. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:361. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance, Toxin-Typing and Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens in Raw Beef Meats Obtained from Qazvin City, Iran. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11030340. [PMID: 35326802 PMCID: PMC8944464 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Clostridium perfringens is one of the highest prevailing spore-forming foodborne pathogens, which is widely distributed and causes severe disease and outbreaks in humans and animals. Raw meat and poultry are the main vehicles of this pathogen. In this study, we investigated the prevalence, antibiotic resistance pattern, toxin-encoding genes and genetic diversity of C. perfringens isolates from raw whole and minced meat samples purchased from local markets in Qazvin city, Iran (the source of beef cattle production was also located in Qazvin city, Iran). Methods: We used conventional culture-based and Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion and conventional and arbitrary primer PCR methods. Results: A total of 18 C. perfringens strains were isolated from 133 raw meat samples (13.53%). Up to 44.4 and 55.5% of these isolates were detected in raw minced and whole meat samples, respectively. We found that 72.2, 66.6, 61.1, 37.8 and 33.3% of the C. perfringens isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol antibiotics, respectively. Multidrug resistance was found in 38% of the isolates. Among the four main toxin genes evaluated, the Cpa gene was detected in all isolates, and 61.1% of the isolates were mostly recognized as type A C. perfringens. High levels of genetic diversity were observed among the isolates, and they were classified into five distinct groups. Conclusions: The isolates from whole meat samples were more resistant to antibiotics. However, toxin genes were more detected in the isolates from minced meat samples. Our findings suggest that contamination of raw meat products with multidrug resistant C. perfringens could be regarded as one of the concerning pathogens in these products. Comprehensive monitoring of C. perfringens isolates is strongly recommended.
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Marmion M, Macori G, Ferone M, Whyte P, Scannell A. Survive and thrive: Control mechanisms that facilitate bacterial adaptation to survive manufacturing-related stress. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 368:109612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Noor Mohammadi T, Shen C, Li Y, Zayda MG, Sato J, Masuda Y, Honjoh KI, Miyamoto T. Characterization of Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages and their application in chicken meat and milk. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 361:109446. [PMID: 34742146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is one of the most important foodborne pathogens in developed countries. It causes severe food poisoning outbreaks worldwide, along with mortality and economic losses. Recently, bacteriophages have been investigated as an alternative tool to control pathogenic bacteria in the food industry. In this study, 19 Clostridium perfringens and 6 Clostridium perfringens bacteriophages were isolated from chicken meat. According to host range and stability tests, bacteriophage CPQ1 showed high thermostability and the broadest host range. The electron micrograph image of this bacteriophage suggested that it belongs to the Picovirinae subfamily of the Podoviridae family. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the genomic DNA indicated the absence of any antibiotic resistance, toxin, or virulence genes. In broth, CPQ1 showed strong lytic activity with a low MOI of 1, decreasing the OD600 of Clostridium perfringens cell suspension from 0.2 to 0.02 at 37 °C in 2 h. In pasteurized milk and chicken meat, CPQ1 with an MOI of 10 also caused a significant decrease in viable counts of Clostridium perfringens compared to the bacteriophageless control at both 24 °C and 37 °C. This is the first report on the application of bacteriophage to control Clostridium perfringens in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Noor Mohammadi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Cunkuan Shen
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuncheng Li
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Mahmoud Gamaleldin Zayda
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Monofiya Governorate, Egypt
| | - Jun Sato
- Safety Science Research, R&D, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Masuda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Honjoh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahisa Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Tresha AO, Arif M, Islam SS, Haque AKMZ, Rahman MT, Kabir SML. Investigation of Clostridium perfringens in small-scale commercial broiler flocks in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Vet World 2021; 14:2809-2816. [PMID: 34903943 PMCID: PMC8654751 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2809-2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Necrotic enteritis (NE) is one of the most prevalent diseases in broiler poultry caused by Clostridium perfringens connected with significant economic losses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh to assess the prevalence of C. perfringens through toxinotyping molecular assay and confirm the risk factors for NE, including antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) status of the isolates. Materials and Methods We included 40 small-scale commercial broiler farms randomly selected from two subdistricts of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. As an individual sample, 240 cloacal swabs, and as a pooled sample, 40 drinking water, 40 workers' hand washing, 40 litter swab, and 40 feed samples were collected and evaluated by culture, biochemical, and molecular assays. A pretested semi-structured interview questionnaire was employed to capture flock-level data on risk factors from the farm owners. The flock-level data on risk factors were assessed through univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses with p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Overall flock-level prevalence of C. perfringens was estimated to be 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.5-13.6%). Litter swab (pooled) was found to be highly contaminated with C. perfringens (25.0%, 95% CI: 12.7-41.2%) followed by the cloacal swab (10.4%, 95% CI: 6.9-15.0%) and feed sample (5.0%, 95% CI: 0.6-16.9%). History of coccidia infection (Adjusted odds ratio =33.01, 95% CI: 2.14-507.59, p=0.01) was significantly associated with flock-level C. perfringens infection status. In this study, 78.1% isolates were found as multidrug-resistant as they demonstrated resistance to 3-5 antimicrobial agents. Conclusion Evidence-based control options need to be taken through the uses of prebiotics and probiotics, biosecurity, and hygienic measurement, including control of coccidia infection, is needed to lessen the NE infection and AMR related to this pathogen in small-scale commercial broiler poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Oarin Tresha
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Arif
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Sk Shaheenur Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Ziaul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - S M Lutful Kabir
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Xiu L, Zhu C, Zhong Z, Liu L, Chen S, Xu W, Wang H. Prevalence and multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from different stages of a duck production chain. Food Microbiol 2021; 102:103901. [PMID: 34809933 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a zoonotic microorganism and rarely reported in duck production chain. This study aimed to investigate prevalence, serotype distribution, antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of C. perfringens at different stages of a duck production chain. In total, 319 samples were collected from a large-scale rearing and slaughter one-stop enterprise in Weifang, China, of which 42.95% of samples were positive for C. perfringens. All isolates were genotype A. Cpe and cpb2 genes were found in 2.54% and 24.87% of the isolates, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 55.47% of the isolates resistant to at least 5 classes of commonly used antibiotics. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) results showed that 65 representative isolates were divided into 47 sequences types (STs), 33.85% of them were included into four clonal complexes (CC). Some of isolates from breeding and slaughtering stages were distributed in the same CC or ST, indicating duck products may be contaminated by C. perfringens originated from the breeding stage. Part of duck isolates were distributed in the same CC as human isolates and systemically close with human isolates. The high contamination rates of duck products, the isolates with multi-drug antibiotic resistance or the cpe gene, and the close relationship between strains from human and ducks, indicated potential public health risks, not only control measures at slaughtering stage but also at rearing stage should be considered to reduce this risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chuangang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Min hang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaobing Zhong
- Tai'an Daiyue District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Lixue Liu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Suo Chen
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Khan MUZ, Humza M, Yang S, Alvi MA, Iqbal MZ, Zain-ul-Fatima H, Khalid S, Munir T, Cai J. Occurrence and Toxicogenetic Profiling of Clostridium perfringens in Buffalo and Cattle: An Update from Pakistan. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13030212. [PMID: 33805744 PMCID: PMC7999003 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive bacterium that possess seven toxinotypes (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G) that are responsible for the production of six major toxins, i.e., α, β, ε, ι, CPE, and NetB. The aim of this study is to find out the occurrence of toxinotypes in buffalo and cattle of Punjab province in Pakistan and their corresponding toxin-encoding genes from the isolated toxinotypes. To accomplish this aim, six districts in Punjab province were selected (i.e., Lahore, Sahiwal, Cheecha Watni, Bhakkar, Dera Ghazi Khan, and Bahawalpur) and a total of 240 buffalo and 240 cattle were selected for the collection of samples. From isolation and molecular analysis (16S rRNA), it was observed that out of seven toxinotypes (A–G), two toxinotypes (A and D) were found at most, whereas other toxinotypes, i.e., B, C, E, F, and G, were not found. The most frequently occurring toxinotype was type A (buffalo: 149/240; cattle: 157/240) whereas type D (buffalo: 8/240 cattle: 7/240) was found to occur the least. Genes encoding toxinotypes A and D were cpa and etx, respectively, whereas genes encoding other toxinotypes were not observed. The occurrence of isolated toxinotypes was studied using response surface methodology, which suggested a considerable occurrence of the isolated toxinotypes (A and D) in both buffalo and cattle. Association between type A and type D was found to be significant among the isolated toxinotypes in both buffalo and cattle (p ≤ 0.05). Correlation was also found to be positive and significant between type A and type D. C. perfringens exhibits a range of toxinotypes that can be diagnosed via genotyping, which is more reliable than classical toxinotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Zafar Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.U.Z.K.); (S.Y.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Muhammad Humza
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shunli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.U.Z.K.); (S.Y.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiza Zain-ul-Fatima
- Veterinary Research Institute, Zarrar Shaheed Road, Lahore Cantt., Lahore 54810, Pakistan;
| | - Shumaila Khalid
- Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Tahir Munir
- Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Jianping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China; (M.U.Z.K.); (S.Y.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
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14
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Kumar H, Bhardwaj K, Kaur T, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, Kumar V, Bhatia SK, Dhanjal DS, Chopra C, Singh R, Guleria S, Bhalla TC, Verma R, Kumar D. Detection of Bacterial Pathogens and Antibiotic Residues in Chicken Meat: A Review. Foods 2020; 9:E1504. [PMID: 33092226 PMCID: PMC7588929 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of pathogenic microbes as well as antibiotic residues in food animals, especially in chicken, has become a matter of food security worldwide. The association of various pathogenic bacteria in different diseases and selective pressure induced by accumulated antibiotic residue to develop antibiotic resistance is also emerging as the threat to human health. These challenges have made the containment of pathogenic bacteria and early detection of antibiotic residue highly crucial for robust and precise detection. However, the traditional culture-based approaches are well-comprehended for identifying microbes. Nevertheless, because they are inadequate, time-consuming and laborious, these conventional methods are not predominantly used. Therefore, it has become essential to explore alternatives for the easy and robust detection of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic residue in the food source. Presently, different monitoring, as well as detection techniques like PCR-based, assay (nucleic acid)-based, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)-based, aptamer-based, biosensor-based, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-based and electronic nose-based methods, have been developed for detecting the presence of bacterial contaminants and antibiotic residues. The current review intends to summarize the different techniques and underline the potential of every method used for the detection of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic residue in chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Agriculture, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140117, India;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India;
| | - Tek Chand Bhalla
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, India;
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
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Gharieb R, Saad M, Abdallah K, Khedr M, Farag E, Abd El-Fattah A. Insights on toxin genotyping, virulence, antibiogram profiling, biofilm formation and efficacy of disinfectants on biofilms of Clostridium perfringens isolated from poultry, animals and humans. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:819-831. [PMID: 32881183 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to determine the toxin genotypes, virulence determinants and antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens isolated from poultry, animals and humans. Biofilm formation and the efficacy of disinfectants on C. perfringens biofilms were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty C. perfringens isolates (20 clinical and 10 from chicken carcasses) were genotyped by PCR and all isolates were genotype A (cpa+). The overall prevalence of cpe, cpb2, netB and tpeL virulence genes was 6·7, 56·7, 56·7 and 36·7% respectively. Twenty-one isolates (70%) were multidrug-resistant, 8 (26·7%) were extensive drug-resistant and one isolate (3·3%) was pan drug-resistant. The average multiple antibiotic resistance index was 0·7. Biofilms were produced by 63·3% of C. perfringens isolates and categorized as weak (36·7%), moderate (16·7%) and strong (10%). Sodium hypochlorite caused significant reduction in C. perfringens biofilms (P < 0·0001). CONCLUSIONS All C. perfringens strains in this study were type A, resistant to multiple antibiotics and most of them were biofilm producers. Sodium hypochlorite showed higher efficacy in reducing C. perfringens biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study reported the efficacy of disinfectants in reducing C. perfringens biofilms of economic and public health concern and recommends application on surfaces in farms, food processing plants and slaughterhouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gharieb
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M Saad
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - K Abdallah
- Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M Khedr
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - E Farag
- Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Abd El-Fattah
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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16
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Xiu L, Liu Y, Wu W, Chen S, Zhong Z, Wang H. Prevalence and multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from 4 duck farms in Shandong province, China. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5105-5117. [PMID: 32988549 PMCID: PMC7598333 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens is an important zoonotic microorganism. The present study was undertaken to investigate prevalence, serotype distribution, antibiotic resistance, and genetic diversity of C. perfringens isolates from 4 duck farms in Shandong, China. In total, 424 samples of cloacal swabs and environment were collected from 3 commercial meat-type duck farms in Tai'an, Liaocheng, and Weifang and one breeder duck farm in Liaocheng between December 2018 and June 2019, of which, 207 (48.82%) samples were determined to be positive for C. perfringens; a total of 402 isolates of C. perfringens were recovered, all of which were identified as type A; 30.85% of the isolates were positive for cpb2 gene; and cpe gene was found in 0.5% of the isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that some of the isolates exhibited high antibiotic resistance, and 39.14% of the isolates were resistant to at least 5 classes of commonly used antibiotics. Multilocus sequence typing analysis showed that 85 representative isolates encompassed 54 different sequences types (STs), clustered in 5 clonal complexes (CCs) and 40 singletons. ST3, the most common ST in 54 STs, constituting 15.29% of all isolates, was also the most prevalent ST of isolates from the Liaocheng breeder duck farm (farm 3). CC1, the most prolific CC, containing 15.29% of the analyzed isolates, was the popular subtype of isolates from Liaocheng meat duck farm (farm 2). Although all the isolates belong to type A, the genetic diversity varied greatly in different regions; the Simpson's Diversity Index of STs for Liaocheng, Tai'an, and Weifang were 0.5941, 0.9198, and 0.9627, respectively. Some of cloacal isolates and environmental isolates were distributed in the same ST or CC, indicating close genetic relationship between cloacal isolates and environmental isolates. A portion of the strains from humans and ducks was found to be phylogenetically close. The close relationship between strains from humans and ducks, the high antibiotic resistance of C. perfringens, and the cpe-positive isolates indicated potential public health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Inspection Department, Weifang Customs of the People's Republic of China, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China
| | - Suo Chen
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Zhaobing Zhong
- Epidemic Prevention Department, Tai'an Daiyue District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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17
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Liu Y, Xiu L, Miao Z, Wang H. Occurrence and multilocus sequence typing of Clostridium perfringens isolated from retail duck products in Tai'an region, China. Anaerobe 2020; 62:102102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Molecular genotyping, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens isolated from meat supplied to school cafeterias in South Korea. Anaerobe 2018; 52:115-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Gaucher ML, Thibodeau A, Fravalo P, Archambault M, Arsenault J, Fournaise S, Letellier A, Quessy S. Broiler chicken carcasses and their associated abattoirs as a source of enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens: Prevalence and critical steps for contamination. AIMS Microbiol 2018; 4:439-454. [PMID: 31294226 PMCID: PMC6604940 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.3.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens ranks among the three most frequent bacterial pathogens causing human foodborne diseases in Canada, and poultry meat products are identified as a source of infection for humans. The objective of the current study was to estimate the proportion of broiler chicken flocks, carcasses and various environmental samples from critical locations of the slaughter plant positive for the presence of C. perfringens enterotoxin encoding gene (cpe). From the 16 visits conducted, 25% of the 79 flocks sampled, 10% of the 379 carcasses sampled and 5% of the 217 environmental samples collected were found positive for cpe. The proportion of cpe-positive carcasses was statistically different between surveyed plants, with 17.0% for one abattoir and 2.2% for the other. For the most contaminated plant, cpe-positive carcasses were identified at each step of the processing line, with prevalence varying between 10.0% and 25.0%, whereas this prevalence varied between 0% and 25.0% for the environmental surfaces sampled. Based on the results obtained, enterotoxigenic C. perfringens strains could potentially represent a risk for the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Lou Gaucher
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Thibodeau
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.,Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Archambault
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Arsenault
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Fournaise
- Olymel S.E.C./L.P., Québec, Canada, 2200 Avenue Léon-Pratte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Ann Letellier
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.,Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre (CRIPA), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Quessy
- Research Chair in Meat Safety, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Diversity of toxin-genotypes among Clostridium perfringens isolated from healthy and diarrheic neonatal cattle and buffalo calves. Anaerobe 2018; 49:99-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yibar A, Cetin E, Ata Z, Erkose E, Tayar M. Clostridium perfringens Contamination in Retail Meat and Meat-Based Products in Bursa, Turkey. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2018; 15:239-245. [PMID: 29315008 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2017.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the incidence of Clostridium perfringens in raw, ready-to-cook (RTC), and ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and meat-based products (N = 306) collected from restaurants, supermarkets, and butcher shops in Bursa, Turkey. In addition, we investigated the presence of the C. perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), as well as cpe genes and their source (chromosomal or plasmid borne). In this study, tryptose sulfite cycloserine (TSC) agar for classic culture isolation and API and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques were used to identify C. perfringens and detect cpa and cpe genes from these products, respectively. Seventeen C. perfringens isolates (5.6%) were isolated and identified with API 20A. In addition, 42 of 81 suspicious isolates (51.9%) were identified as C. perfringens using RT-PCR. Of the 81 suspicious isolates tested by RT-PCR, 22 (27.2%) carried the cpe gene either on the plasmid or chromosome. Twenty-one isolates were positive for chromosomal cpe (C-cpe), and one was positive for plasmid-borne cpe (P-cpe). CPE was detected in 31.8% (7/22) of the cpe positive isolates by the PET-RPLA test. In conclusion, C. perfringens and their CPEs were present in raw, RTC, and RTE meat and meat-based foods in this study. It is emphasized that the presence of C. perfringens and the cpe gene in these foods may be a potential risk for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artun Yibar
- 1 Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Uludag , Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ece Cetin
- 2 Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Namik Kemal University , Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Zafer Ata
- 3 Military Veterinary School and Educational Central Commandership , Bursa, Turkey
| | - Evren Erkose
- 1 Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Uludag , Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tayar
- 1 Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Uludag , Bursa, Turkey
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Protective role of Lactobacillus fermentum R6 against Clostridium perfringens in vitro and in chicken breast meat under temperature abuse conditions. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Hamza D, Dorgham S, Hakim A. Toxinotyping and Antimicrobial Resistance of Clostridium Perfringens Isolated from Processed Chicken Meat Products. J Vet Res 2017; 61:53-58. [PMID: 29978055 PMCID: PMC5894406 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The toxinotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from processed chicken meat were determined. Material and Methods Two hundred processed chicken meat samples from luncheon meats, nuggets, burgers, and sausages were screened for Clostridium perfringens by multiplex PCR assay for the presence of alpha (cpa), beta (cpb), epsilon (etx), iota (ia), and enterotoxin toxin (cpe) genes. The C. perfringens isolates were examined in vitro against eight antibiotics (streptomycin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) Results An overall of 32 C. perfringens strains (16%) were isolated from 200 processed chicken meat samples tested. The prevalence of C. perfringens was significantly dependent on the type of toxin genes detected (P = 0.0), being the highest in sausages (32%), followed by luncheon meats (24%), burgers (6%), and nuggets (2%). C. perfringens type A was the most frequently present toxinotype (24/32; 75%), followed by type D (21.9 %) and type E (3.1%). Of the 32 C. perfringens strains tested, only 9 (28%) were enterotoxin gene carriers, with most representing type A (n = 6). C. perfringens strains differed in their resistance/susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. Most of the strains tested were sensitive to ampicillin (97%) and amoxicillin (94%), with 100% of the strains being resistant to streptomycin and lincomycin. It is noteworthy that the nine isolates with enterotoxigenic potential had a higher resistance than the non-enterotoxigenic ones.
Conclusion The considerably high C. perfringens isolation rates from processed chicken meat samples and resistance to some of the commonly used antibiotics indicate a potential public health risk. Recent information about the isolation of enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type E from chicken sausage has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Hamza
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 11221, Egypt
| | - Sohad Dorgham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Hakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Detection and molecular typing of Clostridium perfringens isolates from beef, chicken and turkey meats. Anaerobe 2015; 32:15-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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The prevalence and molecular typing of Clostridium perfringens in ground beef and sheep meats. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-014-0866-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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