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Zobel M, Koorem K, Moora M, Semchenko M, Davison J. Symbiont plasticity as a driver of plant success. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2340-2352. [PMID: 38308116 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
We discuss which plant species are likely to become winners, that is achieve the highest global abundance, in changing landscapes, and whether plant-associated microbes play a determining role. Reduction and fragmentation of natural habitats in historic landscapes have led to the emergence of patchy, hybrid landscapes, and novel landscapes where anthropogenic ecosystems prevail. In patchy landscapes, species with broad niches are favoured. Plasticity in the degree of association with symbiotic microbes may contribute to broader plant niches and optimization of symbiosis costs and benefits, by downregulating symbiosis when it is unnecessary and upregulating it when it is beneficial. Plasticity can also be expressed as the switch from one type of mutualism to another, for example from nutritive to defensive mutualism with increasing soil fertility and the associated increase in parasite load. Upon dispersal, wide mutualistic partner receptivity is another facet of symbiont plasticity that becomes beneficial, because plants are not limited by the availability of specialist partners when arriving at new locations. Thus, under conditions of global change, symbiont plasticity allows plants to optimize the activity of mutualistic relationships, potentially allowing them to become winners by maximizing geographic occupancy and local abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Kadri Koorem
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Mari Moora
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Marina Semchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - John Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
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Berrios L, Yeam J, Holm L, Robinson W, Pellitier PT, Chin ML, Henkel TW, Peay KG. Positive interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria are widespread and benefit plant growth. Curr Biol 2023:S0960-9822(23)00760-1. [PMID: 37369208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria, ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi, and land plants have been coevolving for nearly 200 million years, and their interactions presumably contribute to the function of terrestrial ecosystems. The direction, stability, and strength of bacteria-EcM fungi interactions across landscapes and across a single plant host, however, remains unclear. Moreover, the genetic mechanisms that govern them have not been addressed. To these ends, we collected soil samples from Bishop pine forests across a climate-latitude gradient spanning coastal California, fractionated the soil samples based on their proximity to EcM-colonized roots, characterized the microbial communities using amplicon sequencing, and generated linear regression models showing the impact that select bacterial taxa have on EcM fungal abundance. In addition, we paired greenhouse experiments with transcriptomic analyses to determine the directionality of these relationships and identify which genes EcM-synergist bacteria express during tripartite symbioses. Our data reveal that ectomycorrhizas (i.e., EcM-colonized roots) enrich conserved bacterial taxa across climatically heterogeneous regions. We also show that phylogenetically diverse EcM synergists are positively associated with plant and fungal growth and have unique gene expression profiles compared with EcM-antagonist bacteria. In sum, we identify common mechanisms that facilitate widespread and diverse multipartite symbioses, which inform our understanding of how plants develop in complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Berrios
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jay Yeam
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Wallis Robinson
- Forestry and Forest Health Program, University of California Cooperative Extension Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, Eureka, CA 95503, USA
| | | | - Mei Lin Chin
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, Arcata, CA 95521, USA
| | - Kabir G Peay
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Milligan PD, Martin TA, Pringle EG, Prior KM, Palmer TM. Symbiotic ant traits produce differential host-plant carbon and water dynamics in a multi-species mutualism. Ecology 2023; 104:e3880. [PMID: 36199213 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cooperative interactions may frequently be reinforced by "partner fidelity feedback," in which high- or low-quality partners drive positive feedbacks with high or low benefits for the host, respectively. Benefits of plant-animal mutualisms for plants have been quantified almost universally in terms of growth or reproduction, but these are only two of many sinks to which a host-plant allocates its resources. By investigating how partners to host-plants impact two fundamental plant resources, carbon and water, we can better characterize plant-partner fidelity and understand how plant-partner mutualisms may be modulated by resource dynamics. In Laikipia, Kenya, four ant species compete for Acacia drepanolobium host-plants. These ants differ in multiple traits, from nectar consumption to host-plant protection. Using a 5-year ant removal experiment, we compared carbon fixation, leaf water status, and stem non-structural carbohydrate concentrations for adult ant-plants with and without ant partners. Removal treatments showed that the ants differentially mediate tree carbon and/or water resources. All three ant species known to be aggressive against herbivores were linked to benefits for host-plant resources, but only the two species that defend but do not prune the host, Crematogaster mimosae and Tetraponera penzigi, increased tree carbon fixation. Of these two species, only the nectivore C. mimosae increased tree simple sugars. Crematogaster nigriceps, which defends the tree but also castrates flowers and prunes meristems, was linked only to lower tree water stress approximated by pre-dawn leaf water potential. In contrast to those defensive ants, Crematogaster sjostedti, a poor defender that displaces other ants, was linked to lower tree carbon fixation. Comparing the effects of the four ant species across control trees suggests that differential ant occupancy drives substantial differences in carbon and water supply among host trees. Our results highlight that ant partners can positively or negatively impact carbon and/or water relations for their host-plant, and we discuss the likelihood that carbon- and water-related partner fidelity feedback loops occur across ant-plant mutualisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Milligan
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, Kenya.,Department of Biology, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Timothy A Martin
- School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Pringle
- Department of Biology, Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Kirsten M Prior
- Department of Biology, SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Todd M Palmer
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, Kenya
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Yek SH. Ant-plant symbioses trade-offs and its role in forest restoration projects. RESEARCH IDEAS AND OUTCOMES 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e94784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ant-plant symbioses are complex between-species interactions found only in the tropical environment. Typically, in such symbioses, plants provide housing structures and food to their ant symbionts. In return, the ants protect their plants' host against herbivore attack and additional nutrients to help with plants' growth. These win-win interactions range from facultative to obligate mutualism. This proposal aims to test the three main mechanisms: (1) by-product benefits, (2) partner fidelity feedback and (3) partner choice in stabilising the ant-plant mutualism. Understanding the mechanisms are crucial as they form the foundation of the ant-plant distribution and growth, in other words - the health of the myrmecophyte (ants-loving) trees in the forest ecosystem. Hence, ant-plant symbioses are an ideal model system for investigating the effects of anthropogenic changes, such as deforestation and climate change on the outcome of ant-plant mutualistic interactions. This project attempts to identify the mechanisms regulating the mutualistic interactions and, in particular, identify the context in which such mutualistic interactions evolved and adapt to the changing environment. We hypothesise that there will be a higher diversity of obligate mutualistic ant-plant interactions in the undisturbed environment compared to degraded habitat. Furthermore, we expect there are different complexity of symbioses, involving multiple partners (ants-hemipteran insects-bacteria-fungi-plants) that deepen our understanding of how such symbioses can be stabilised. Finally, the deforestation combined with climate change in Southeast Asia will have a detrimental effect on ant-plant symbioses, causing breakdown of mutualistic partners and invasion of cheater ant species that do not confer a protective advantage to their plants' host.
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Burghardt LT, Epstein B, Hoge M, Trujillo DI, Tiffin P. Host-Associated Rhizobial Fitness: Dependence on Nitrogen, Density, Community Complexity, and Legume Genotype. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0052622. [PMID: 35852362 PMCID: PMC9361818 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00526-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental context of the nitrogen-fixing mutualism between leguminous plants and rhizobial bacteria varies over space and time. Variation in resource availability, population density, and composition likely affect the ecology and evolution of rhizobia and their symbiotic interactions with hosts. We examined how host genotype, nitrogen addition, rhizobial density, and community complexity affected selection on 68 rhizobial strains in the Sinorhizobium meliloti-Medicago truncatula mutualism. As expected, host genotype had a substantial effect on the size, number, and strain composition of root nodules (the symbiotic organ). The understudied environmental variable of rhizobial density had a stronger effect on nodule strain frequency than the addition of low nitrogen levels. Higher inoculum density resulted in a nodule community that was less diverse and more beneficial but only in the context of the more selective host genotype. Higher density resulted in more diverse and less beneficial nodule communities with the less selective host. Density effects on strain composition deserve additional scrutiny as they can create feedback between ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, we found that relative strain rankings were stable across increasing community complexity (2, 3, 8, or 68 strains). This unexpected result suggests that higher-order interactions between strains are rare in the context of nodule formation and development. Our work highlights the importance of examining mechanisms of density-dependent strain fitness and developing theoretical predictions that incorporate density dependence. Furthermore, our results have translational relevance for overcoming establishment barriers in bioinoculants and motivating breeding programs that maintain beneficial plant-microbe interactions across diverse agroecological contexts. IMPORTANCE Legume crops establish beneficial associations with rhizobial bacteria that perform biological nitrogen fixation, providing nitrogen to plants without the economic and greenhouse gas emission costs of chemical nitrogen inputs. Here, we examine the influence of three environmental factors that vary in agricultural fields on strain relative fitness in nodules. In addition to manipulating nitrogen, we also use two biotic variables that have rarely been examined: the rhizobial community's density and complexity. Taken together, our results suggest that (i) breeding legume varieties that select beneficial strains despite environmental variation is possible, (ii) changes in rhizobial population densities that occur routinely in agricultural fields could drive evolutionary changes in rhizobial populations, and (iii) the lack of higher-order interactions between strains will allow the high-throughput assessments of rhizobia winners and losers during plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana T. Burghardt
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Plant Science Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brendan Epstein
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michelle Hoge
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Diana I. Trujillo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter Tiffin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Peng Y, Yuan J, Heděnec P, Yue K, Ni X, Li W, Wang D, Yuan C, Tan S, Wu F. Mycorrhizal association and life form dominantly control plant litter lignocellulose concentration at the global scale. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:926941. [PMID: 35937380 PMCID: PMC9355614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.926941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose is a major component of plant litter and plays a dominant role in regulating the process of litter decomposition, but we lack a global perspective on plant litter initial lignocellulose concentration. Here, we quantitatively assessed the global patterns and drivers of litter initial concentrations of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose using a dataset consisting of 6,021 observations collected from 795 independent publications. We found that (1) globally, the median concentrations of leaf litter lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose were 20.3, 22.4, and 15.0% of litter mass, respectively; and (2) litter initial concentrations of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose were regulated by phylogeny, plant functional type, climate, and soil properties, with mycorrhizal association and lifeform the dominant predictors. These results clearly highlighted the importance of mycorrhizal association and lifeform in controlling litter initial lignocellulose concentration at the global scale, which will help us to better understand and predict the role of lignocellulose in global litter decomposition models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ji Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Petr Heděnec
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Kai Yue
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangyin Ni
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaoxiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siyi Tan
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Vertically Transmitted Epichloë Systemic Endophyte Enhances Drought Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians Host Plants through Promoting Photosynthesis and Biomass Accumulation. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050512. [PMID: 35628767 PMCID: PMC9144827 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Achnatherum inebrians (drunken horse grass, DHG) plants, a dominant grass species in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China, symbiotic with an Epichloë fungal endophyte, is well adapted to drought. However, little is known about how the presence of the foliar Epichloë endophyte enhances the tolerance of DHG to drought at the molecular level. This study explored the positive effects of the presence of the Epichloë endophyte on plant growth, biomass, and photosynthetic efficiency and processes of DHG under non-drought and two drought (moderate and severe) treatments, using RNA sequencing to compare transcriptomes. The transcriptome results showed that 32 selected unigenes involved in the photosynthesis processes within Epichloë symbiotic plants were differently expressed (DEGs) versus non-symbiotic plants. The majority of these selected DEGs were upregulated in Epichloë symbiotic plants versus non-symbiotic plants, such as upregulated unigenes (c51525.graph_c1, c47798.graph_c0 & c64087.graph_c0) under drought conditions. In line with the transcriptomes data, the presence of the Epichloë endophyte promoted the photosynthetic rate and biomass accumulation of DHG plants, and the relationship between the photosynthetic rate and biomass is linear and significant. The presence of the endophyte only increased the biomass per tiller of DHG plants under drought. This study provides further insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie the enhanced plant growth and drought tolerance of Epichloë-symbiotic DHG plants.
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8
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Cheng C, Wang J, Hou W, Malik K, Zhao C, Niu X, Liu Y, Huang R, Li C, Nan Z. Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms by which Seed-Borne Endophytic Fungi, Epichloë gansuensis, Increases the Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to NaCl Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413191. [PMID: 34947985 PMCID: PMC8706252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed-borne endophyte Epichloë gansuensis enhance NaCl tolerance in Achnatherum inebrians and increase its biomass. However, the molecular mechanism by which E. gansuensis increases the tolerance of host grasses to NaCl stress is unclear. Hence, we firstly explored the full-length transcriptome information of A. inebrians by PacBio RS II. In this work, we obtained 738,588 full-length non-chimeric reads, 36,105 transcript sequences and 27,202 complete CDSs from A. inebrians. We identified 3558 transcription factors (TFs), 15,945 simple sequence repeats and 963 long non-coding RNAs of A. inebrians. The present results show that 2464 and 1817 genes were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis in the leaves of E+ and E− plants at 0 mM and 200 mM NaCl concentrations, respectively. In addition, NaCl stress significantly regulated 4919 DEGs and 502 DEGs in the leaves of E+ and E− plants, respectively. Transcripts associated with photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, amino acids metabolism, flavonoid biosynthetic process and WRKY TFs were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis; importantly, E. gansuensis up-regulated biology processes (brassinosteroid biosynthesis, oxidation–reduction, cellular calcium ion homeostasis, carotene biosynthesis, positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis) of host grass under NaCl stress, which indicated an increase in the ability of host grasses’ adaptation to NaCl stress. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the molecular mechanism for E. gansuensis to increase the tolerance to salt stress in the host, which provides a theoretical basis for the molecular breed to create salt-tolerant forage with endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Wenpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
| | - Kamran Malik
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Chengzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center, College of Tibetan Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xueli Niu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China;
| | - Yinglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Zhibiao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
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Ueno AC, Gundel PE, Ghersa CM, Agathokleous E, Martínez-Ghersa MA. Seed-borne fungal endophytes constrain reproductive success of host plants under ozone pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111773. [PMID: 34324850 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone is among the global change factors that pose a threat to plants and microorganisms. Symbiotic microorganisms can assist plants to cope with stress, but their role in the tolerance of plants to ozone is poorly understood. Here, we subjected endophyte-symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants of Lolium multiflorum, an annual species widely distributed in temperate grasslands, to high and low (i.e., charcoal-filtered air) ozone levels at vegetative and reproductive phases. Exposure to high ozone reduced leaf photochemical efficiency and greenness in both symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants. However, ozone-induced oxidative damage at biochemical level (i.e., lipid peroxidation) was mostly detected in symbiotic plants. Ozone exposure at the vegetative phase did not affect the reproductive investment in seeds, indicating full recovery from stress. Ozone exposure at the reproductive phase reduced biomass and seed production only in symbiotic plants indicating a symbiont-associated cost. At low ozone, endophyte-symbiotic plants showed a steeper slope in the relationship between seed number and seed weight (i.e., a number-weight trade-off) compared to non-symbiotic plants. However, when plants were treated at the reproductive phase, ozone increased the imbalance between seed number and seed weight in both endophyte-symbiotic and non-symbiotic plants. Plants with endophytes at the reproductive stage produced fewer seeds, which were not compensated by increased seed weight. Thus, fungal mycelium growing within ovaries or ozone-induced antioxidant systems may result in costs that finally depress the fitness of plants. Despite ozone pollution could destabilize plant-endophyte mutualisms and render them dysfunctional, other endophyte-mediated benefits (e.g., resistance to herbivory, tolerance to drought) could over-compensate these losses and explain the high incidence of the symbiosis in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Ueno
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Pedro E Gundel
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile
| | - Claudio M Ghersa
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, China
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10
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Peng L, Shan X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Druzhinina IS, Pan X, Jin W, He X, Wang X, Zhang X, Martin FM, Yuan Z. Facultative symbiosis with a saprotrophic soil fungus promotes potassium uptake in American sweetgum trees. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2793-2809. [PMID: 33764571 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several species of soil free-living saprotrophs can sometimes establish biotrophic symbiosis with plants, but the basic biology of this association remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate the symbiotic interaction between a common soil saprotroph, Clitopilus hobsonii (Agaricomycetes), and the American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). The colonized root cortical cells were found to contain numerous microsclerotia-like structures. Fungal colonization led to increased plant growth and facilitated potassium uptake, particularly under potassium limitation (0.05 mM K+ ). The expression of plant genes related to potassium uptake was not altered by the symbiosis, but colonized roots contained the transcripts of three fungal genes with homology to K+ transporters (ACU and HAK) and channel (SKC). Heterologously expressed ChACU and ChSKC restored the growth of a yeast K+ -uptake-defective mutant. Upregulation of ChACU transcript under low K+ conditions (0 and 0.05 mM K+ ) compared to control (5 mM K+ ) was demonstrated in planta and in vitro. Colonized plants displayed a larger accumulation of soluble sugars under 0.05 mM K+ than non-colonized plants. The present study suggests reciprocal benefits of this novel tree-fungus symbiosis under potassium limitation mainly through an exchange of additional carbon and potassium between both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhan Yang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Fungal Genomics Group, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueyu Pan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinghua He
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Francis M Martin
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-University of Lorraine, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRA-Nancy, Champenoux, France
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Bastías DA, Gianoli E, Gundel PE. Fungal endophytes can eliminate the plant growth-defence trade-off. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2105-2113. [PMID: 33690884 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A trade-off between growth and defence functions is commonly observed in plants. We propose that the association of plants with Epichloë fungal endophytes may eliminate this trade-off. This would be a consequence of the double role of these endophytes in host plants: the stimulation of plant growth hormones (e.g. gibberellins) and the fungal production of antiherbivore alkaloids. We put forward a model that integrates this dual effect of endophytes on plant growth and defence and test its predictions by means of meta-analysis of published literature. Our results support the notion that the enhanced plant resistance promoted by endophytes does not compromise plant growth. The limits and ecological benefits of this endophyte-mediated lack of plant growth-defence trade-off are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bastías
- Resilient Agriculture Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ernesto Gianoli
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 554, La Serena, Chile
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Pedro E Gundel
- Facultad de Agronomía, IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile
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12
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Zhong Y, Chu C, Myers JA, Gilbert GS, Lutz JA, Stillhard J, Zhu K, Thompson J, Baltzer JL, He F, LaManna JA, Davies SJ, Aderson-Teixeira KJ, Burslem DF, Alonso A, Chao KJ, Wang X, Gao L, Orwig DA, Yin X, Sui X, Su Z, Abiem I, Bissiengou P, Bourg N, Butt N, Cao M, Chang-Yang CH, Chao WC, Chapman H, Chen YY, Coomes DA, Cordell S, de Oliveira AA, Du H, Fang S, Giardina CP, Hao Z, Hector A, Hubbell SP, Janík D, Jansen PA, Jiang M, Jin G, Kenfack D, Král K, Larson AJ, Li B, Li X, Li Y, Lian J, Lin L, Liu F, Liu Y, Liu Y, Luan F, Luo Y, Ma K, Malhi Y, McMahon SM, McShea W, Memiaghe H, Mi X, Morecroft M, Novotny V, O’Brien MJ, Ouden JD, Parker GG, Qiao X, Ren H, Reynolds G, Samonil P, Sang W, Shen G, Shen Z, Song GZM, Sun IF, Tang H, Tian S, Uowolo AL, Uriarte M, Wang B, Wang X, Wang Y, Weiblen GD, Wu Z, Xi N, Xiang W, Xu H, Xu K, Ye W, Yu M, Zeng F, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zimmerman JK. Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3137. [PMID: 34035260 PMCID: PMC8149669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations are critical for host-tree performance. However, how mycorrhizal associations correlate with the latitudinal tree beta-diversity remains untested. Using a global dataset of 45 forest plots representing 2,804,270 trees across 3840 species, we test how AM and EcM trees contribute to total beta-diversity and its components (turnover and nestedness) of all trees. We find AM rather than EcM trees predominantly contribute to decreasing total beta-diversity and turnover and increasing nestedness with increasing latitude, probably because wide distributions of EcM trees do not generate strong compositional differences among localities. Environmental variables, especially temperature and precipitation, are strongly correlated with beta-diversity patterns for both AM trees and all trees rather than EcM trees. Results support our hypotheses that latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and environmental effects on these patterns are highly dependent on mycorrhizal types. Our findings highlight the importance of AM-dominated forests for conserving global forest biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Zhong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Chengjin Chu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Jonathan A. Myers
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Gregory S. Gilbert
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - James A. Lutz
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT USA
| | - Jonas Stillhard
- grid.419754.a0000 0001 2259 5533Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Resources and Management, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Kai Zhu
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- grid.494924.6UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Midlothian, UK
| | - Jennifer L. Baltzer
- grid.268252.90000 0001 1958 9263Biology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Fangliang He
- grid.17089.37Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Joseph A. LaManna
- grid.259670.f0000 0001 2369 3143Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI USA
| | - Stuart J. Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kristina J. Aderson-Teixeira
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - David F.R.P. Burslem
- grid.7107.10000 0004 1936 7291School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alfonso Alonso
- grid.467700.20000 0001 2182 2028Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kuo-Jung Chao
- International Master Program of Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, https://www.nchu.edu.tw/en-index
| | - Xugao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.iae.cas.cn/
| | - Lianming Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - David A. Orwig
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA USA
| | - Xue Yin
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Xinghua Sui
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Zhiyao Su
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, https://english.scau.edu.cn/
| | - Iveren Abiem
- grid.412989.f0000 0000 8510 4538Department of Plant Science and Technology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria ,The Nigerian Montane Forest Project, Taraba State, Nigeria ,grid.21006.350000 0001 2179 4063School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Pulchérie Bissiengou
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Norm Bourg
- grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - Nathalie Butt
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.xtbg.cas.cn/
| | - Chia-Hao Chang-Yang
- grid.412036.20000 0004 0531 9758Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Wei-Chun Chao
- grid.412046.50000 0001 0305 650XDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University,
| | - Hazel Chapman
- grid.21006.350000 0001 2179 4063School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Yun Chen
- grid.260567.00000 0000 8964 3950Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University,
| | - David A. Coomes
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Cordell
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - Alexandre A. de Oliveira
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Hu Du
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.isa.cas.cn/
| | - Suqin Fang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Christian P. Giardina
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - Zhanqing Hao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, http://en.nwpu.edu.cn/
| | - Andrew Hector
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen P. Hubbell
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David Janík
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick A. Jansen
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mingxi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.wbg.cas.cn/
| | - Guangze Jin
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, http://en.nefu.edu.cn/
| | - David Kenfack
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.453560.10000 0001 2192 7591Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kamil Král
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew J. Larson
- grid.253613.00000 0001 2192 5772Wilderness Institute and Department of Forest Management, University of Montana, Missoula, MT USA
| | - Buhang Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Xiankun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Yide Li
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, http://ritf.caf.ac.cn/
| | - Juyu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.scbg.ac.cn/
| | - Luxiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.xtbg.cas.cn/
| | - Feng Liu
- The Administrative Bureau of Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, http://www.xsbn.gov.cn/nbhbhq/nbhbhq.dhtml
| | - Yankun Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Forestry Ecological Engineering, Heilongjiang Forestry Engineering and Environment Institute, http://www.hljifee.org.cn/
| | - Yu Liu
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Fuchen Luan
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Yahuang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sean M. McMahon
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.419533.90000 0000 8612 0361Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD USA
| | - William McShea
- grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - Hervé Memiaghe
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Xiangcheng Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Mike Morecroft
- grid.238406.b0000 0001 2331 9653Natural England, York, UK
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- grid.447761.70000 0004 0396 9503Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology and the University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovicve, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J. O’Brien
- grid.28479.300000 0001 2206 5938Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan den Ouden
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Forest Ecology and Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geoffrey G. Parker
- grid.419533.90000 0000 8612 0361Forest Ecology Group, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD USA
| | - Xiujuan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.wbg.cas.cn/
| | - Haibao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Glen Reynolds
- Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership, Danum Valley Field Centre, Lahad Datu, Sabah Malaysia
| | - Pavel Samonil
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Weiguo Sang
- grid.411077.40000 0004 0369 0529College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China,
| | - Guochun Shen
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Guo-Zhang Michael Song
- grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University,
| | - I-Fang Sun
- grid.260567.00000 0000 8964 3950Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University,
| | - Hui Tang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Songyan Tian
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Forestry Ecological Engineering, Heilongjiang Forestry Engineering and Environment Institute, http://www.hljifee.org.cn/
| | - Amanda L. Uowolo
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - María Uriarte
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Xihua Wang
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Youshi Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - George D. Weiblen
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Nianxun Xi
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Wusheng Xiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Han Xu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, http://ritf.caf.ac.cn/
| | - Kun Xu
- Yunnan Lijiang Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Kunming Instituted of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - Wanhui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.scbg.ac.cn/
| | - Mingjian Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, http://www.zju.edu.cn/english/
| | - Fuping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.isa.cas.cn/
| | - Minhua Zhang
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Yingming Zhang
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR USA
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13
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Peng X, Xie J, Li W, Xie H, Cai Y, Ding X. Comparison of wild rice (Oryza longistaminata) tissues identifies rhizome-specific bacterial and archaeal endophytic microbiomes communities and network structures. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246687. [PMID: 33556120 PMCID: PMC7870070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with root-associated habitats, little is known about the role of microbiota inside other rice organs, especially the rhizome of perennial wild rice, and this information may be of importance for agriculture. Oryza longistaminata is perennial wild rice with various agronomically valuable traits, including large biomass on poor soils, high nitrogen use efficiency, and resistance to insect pests and disease. Here, we compared the endophytic bacterial and archaeal communities and network structures of the rhizome to other compartments of O. longistaminata using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Diverse microbiota and significant variation in community structure were identified among different compartments of O. longistaminata. The rhizome microbial community showed low taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity as well as the lowest network complexity among four compartments. Rhizomes exhibited less phylogenetic clustering than roots and leaves, but similar phylogenetic clustering with stems. Streptococcus, Bacillus, and Methylobacteriaceae were the major genera in the rhizome. ASVs belonging to the Enhydrobacter, YS2, and Roseburia are specifically present in the rhizome. The relative abundance of Methylobacteriaceae in the rhizome and stem was significantly higher than that in leaf and root. Noteworthy type II methanotrophs were observed across all compartments, including the dominant Methylobacteriaceae, which potentially benefits the host by facilitating CH4-dependent N2 fixation under nitrogen nutrient-poor conditions. Our data offers a robust knowledge of host and microbiome interactions across various compartments and lends guidelines to the investigation of adaptation mechanisms of O. longistaminata in nutrient-poor environments for biofertilizer development in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojue Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenzhuo Li
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- Jiangxi Super-Rice Research and Development Center, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yaohui Cai
- Jiangxi Super-Rice Research and Development Center, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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14
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Burghardt LT. Evolving together, evolving apart: measuring the fitness of rhizobial bacteria in and out of symbiosis with leguminous plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:28-34. [PMID: 31276218 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Most plant-microbe interactions are facultative, with microbes experiencing temporally and spatially variable selection. How this variation affects microbial evolution is poorly understood. Given its tractability and ecological and agricultural importance, the legume-rhizobia nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is a powerful model for identifying traits and genes underlying bacterial fitness. New technologies allow high-throughput measurement of the relative fitness of bacterial mutants, strains and species in mixed inocula in the host, rhizosphere and soil environments. I consider how host genetic variation (G × G), other environmental factors (G × E), and host life-cycle variation may contribute to the maintenance of genetic variation and adaptive trajectories of rhizobia - and, potentially, other facultative symbionts. Lastly, I place these findings in the context of developing beneficial inoculants in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana T Burghardt
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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15
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Grunseich JM, Thompson MN, Aguirre NM, Helms AM. The Role of Plant-Associated Microbes in Mediating Host-Plant Selection by Insect Herbivores. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E6. [PMID: 31861487 PMCID: PMC7020435 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that plant-associated microorganisms play important roles in shaping interactions between plants and insect herbivores. Studies of both pathogenic and beneficial plant microbes have documented wide-ranging effects on herbivore behavior and performance. Some studies, for example, have reported enhanced insect-repellent traits or reduced performance of herbivores on microbe-associated plants, while others have documented increased herbivore attraction or performance. Insect herbivores frequently rely on plant cues during foraging and oviposition, suggesting that plant-associated microbes affecting these cues can indirectly influence herbivore preference. We review and synthesize recent literature to provide new insights into the ways pathogenic and beneficial plant-associated microbes alter visual, olfactory, and gustatory cues of plants that affect host-plant selection by insect herbivores. We discuss the underlying mechanisms, ecological implications, and future directions for studies of plant-microbial symbionts that indirectly influence herbivore behavior by altering plant traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Grunseich
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (J.M.G.); (M.N.T.)
| | - Morgan N. Thompson
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (J.M.G.); (M.N.T.)
| | - Natalie M. Aguirre
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Program, Texas A&M University; College Station, TX 77840, USA;
| | - Anjel M. Helms
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA; (J.M.G.); (M.N.T.)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Program, Texas A&M University; College Station, TX 77840, USA;
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16
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Fang K, Chen L, Zhou J, Yang ZP, Dong XF, Zhang HB. Plant-soil-foliage feedbacks on seed germination and seedling growth of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191520. [PMID: 31822255 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Some exotic plants become invasive because they partially release from soil-borne enemies and thus benefit from positive plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) in the introduced range. However, reports that have focused only on PSFs may exaggerate the invader's competitiveness. Here, we conducted three experiments to characterize plant-soil-foliage feedbacks, including mature leaves (ML), leaf litter (LL), rhizosphere soil (RS) and leaves plus soil (LS), on the early growth stages of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. In general, the feedbacks from aboveground (ML, LL) adversely affected A. adenophora by delaying germination time, inhibiting germination rate and reducing seedling growth. The increased invasion history exacerbated the adverse effects of LL and LS feedbacks on seedling growth. These adverse effects were partially contributed by more abundant fungi (e.g. Didymella) or/and more virulent fungi (e.g. Fusarium) developed in the aboveground part of A. adenophora during the invasion. Interestingly, the aboveground adverse effects can be weakened by microbes from RSs. Our novel findings emphasize the important role of aboveground feedbacks in the evaluation of plant invasiveness, and their commonness and significance remain to be explored in other invasive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Fan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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Hendrik Poorter. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:1071-1072. [PMID: 31304605 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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18
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Harnessing Soil Microbes to Improve Plant Phosphate Efficiency in Cropping Systems. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient required for plant growth and development. It is central to many biological processes, including nucleic acid synthesis, respiration, and enzymatic activity. However, the strong adsorption of phosphorus by minerals in the soil decreases its availability to plants, thus reducing the productivity of agricultural and forestry ecosystems. This has resulted in a complete dependence on non-renewable chemical fertilizers that are environmentally damaging. Alternative strategies must be identified and implemented to help crops acquire phosphorus more sustainably. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding and utilization of soil microbes to both solubilize inorganic phosphate from insoluble forms and allocate it directly to crop plants. Specifically, we focus on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Each of these play a major role in natural and agroecosystems, and their use as bioinoculants is an increasing trend in agricultural practices.
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