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La S, Li J, Ma S, Liu X, Gao L, Tian Y. Protective role of native root-associated bacterial consortium against root-knot nematode infection in susceptible plants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6723. [PMID: 39112511 PMCID: PMC11306399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are a global menace to agricultural crop production. The role of root-associated microbes (RAMs) in plant protection against RKN infection remains unclear. Here we observe that cucumber (highly susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita) exhibits a consistently lower susceptibility to M. incognita in the presence of native RAMs in three distinct soils. Nematode infection alters the assembly of bacterial RAMs along the life cycle of M. incognita. Particularly, the loss of bacterial diversity of RAMs exacerbates plant susceptibility to M. incognita. A diverse range of native bacterial strains isolated from M. incognita-infected roots has nematode-antagonistic activity. Increasing the number of native bacterial strains causes decreasing nematode infection, which is lowest when six or more bacterial strains are present. Multiple simplified synthetic communities consisting of six bacterial strains show pronounced inhibitory effects on M. incognita infection in plants. These inhibitory effects are underpinned via multiple mechanisms including direct inhibition of infection, secretion of anti-nematode substances, and regulation of plant defense responses. This study highlights the role of native bacterial RAMs in plant resistance against RKNs and provides a useful insight into the development of a sustainable way to protect susceptible plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikai La
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Heping West Road No. 598, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Jiafan Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Si Ma
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingqun Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lihong Gao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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2
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de Souza YPA, Siani R, Albracht C, Huang Y, Eisenhauer N, Vogel A, Wagg C, Schloter M, Schulz S. The effect of successive summer drought periods on bacterial diversity along a plant species richness gradient. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae096. [PMID: 38955391 PMCID: PMC11264299 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought is a major stressor to soil microbial communities, and the intensification of climate change is predicted to increase hydric stress worldwide in the coming decades. As a possible mitigating factor for the consequences of prolonged drought periods, above and belowground biodiversity can increase ecosystem resistance and resilience by improving metabolic redundancy and complementarity as biodiversity increases. Here, we investigated the interaction effect between plant richness and successive, simulated summer drought on soil microbial communities during a period of 9 years.To do that, we made use of a well-established biodiversity experiment (The Jena Experiment) to investigate the response of microbial richness and community composition to successive drought periods alongside a plant richness gradient, which covers 1-, 2-, 4-, 8-, 16-, and 60-species plant communities. Plots were covered from natural precipitation by installing rain shelters 6 weeks every summer. Bulk soil samples were collected 1 year after the last summer drought was simulated. Our data indicate that bacterial richness increased after successive exposure to drought, with the increase being stable along the plant richness gradient. We identified a significant effect of plant species richness on the soil microbial community composition and determined the taxa significantly impacted by drought at each plant richness level. Our data successfully demonstrates that summer drought might have a legacy effect on soil bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Pinheiro Alves de Souza
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Roberto Siani
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Cynthia Albracht
- Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences at University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja Vogel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cameron Wagg
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Post Office Box 20280, Fredericton E3B 4Z7 NB, Canada
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schulz
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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3
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Spina A, De Benedetti S, Heinzl GC, Ceravolo G, Magni C, Emide D, Castorina G, Consonni G, Canale M, Scarafoni A. Biochemical Characterization of the Seed Quality of a Collection of White Lupin Landraces from Southern Italy. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:785. [PMID: 38592821 PMCID: PMC10974116 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Lupin species provide essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Within pulses, they have one of the highest contents of proteins and fibers and are among the poorest in carbohydrates. The Mediterranean region is an important cradle area of the origin and domestication of cultivated white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). In this work, we present the characterization of 19 white lupin landraces collected from several sites in southern Italy, characterized by different pedoclimatic conditions. The protein contents and electrophoretic patterns, total polyphenols, phytic acid, lipids and phosphorous content, and reducing and anti-tryptic activities have been determined for each landrace. The relationships of the compositional characteristics, the area of origin of landraces and between compositional characteristics and thermo-pluviometric trends that occurred in the genotype comparison field during the two-year period between 2019 and 2020 are compared and discussed. From a nutritional point of view, some of the analyzed landraces differ from the commercial reference. The panel of molecular analyses performed can help in building an identity card for the grain to rapidly identify those varieties with the desired characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfio Spina
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Stefano De Benedetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giuditta Carlotta Heinzl
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giulia Ceravolo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Chiara Magni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Davide Emide
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
| | - Giulia Castorina
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Gabriella Consonni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.C.); (G.C.)
| | - Michele Canale
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy; (A.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessio Scarafoni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.D.B.); (G.C.H.); (G.C.); (C.M.); (D.E.)
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Zandalinas SI, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Pascual LS, Mittler R. The impact of multifactorial stress combination on plants, crops, and ecosystems: how should we prepare for what comes next? THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1800-1814. [PMID: 37996968 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of environmental conditions encountered by plants in the field, or in nature, is gradually increasing due to anthropogenic activities that promote global warming, climate change, and increased levels of pollutants. While in the past it seemed sufficient to study how plants acclimate to one or even two different stresses affecting them simultaneously, the complex conditions developing on our planet necessitate a new approach of studying stress in plants: Acclimation to multiple stress conditions occurring concurrently or consecutively (termed, multifactorial stress combination [MFSC]). In an initial study of the plant response to MFSC, conducted with Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings subjected to an MFSC of six different abiotic stresses, it was found that with the increase in the number and complexity of different stresses simultaneously impacting a plant, plant growth and survival declined, even if the effects of each stress involved in such MFSC on the plant was minimal or insignificant. In three recent studies, conducted with different crop plants, MFSC was found to have similar effects on a commercial rice cultivar, a maize hybrid, tomato, and soybean, causing significant reductions in growth, biomass, physiological parameters, and/or yield traits. As the environmental conditions on our planet are gradually worsening, as well as becoming more complex, addressing MFSC and its effects on agriculture and ecosystems worldwide becomes a high priority. In this review, we address the effects of MFSC on plants, crops, agriculture, and different ecosystems worldwide, and highlight potential avenues to enhance the resilience of crops to MFSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, Missouri, 65201, USA
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Zhou J, Su Y, Li X, Kuzyakov Y, Wang P, Gong J, Li X, Liu L, Zhang X, Ma C, Ma X, Huang T, Bai Y, Sun F. Arbuscular mycorrhizae mitigate negative impacts of soil biodiversity loss on grassland productivity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119509. [PMID: 37940487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Grassland degradation decreases ecosystem productivity and diminishes soil biodiversity, leading to the loss of beneficial microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a critical role in ecosystem functioning, being a key link between plant and microbial communities, soil, and vegetation. Here, we evaluated the potential of increasing the productivity of degraded grassland by AMF inoculation. A gradient of soil biodiversity: complete sterilization, low, moderate, and high biodiversity was established using the dilution-to-extinction approach. Grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions were inoculated with three AMF taxa in an increasing diversity: no AMF, single AMF taxa, and all three AMF taxa together. The loss of soil biodiversity decreased plant community productivity, primarily due to reduced biomass of legumes and non-N2-fixing forbs. AMF inoculation raised plant community productivity by 190%, mainly attributed to the greater biomass of legumes and non-N2-fixing forbs. This positive effect of AMF inoculation was particularly pronounced on soils with low biodiversity, where soil mutualists were absent. The biomass of grasses remained independent of AMF inoculation. This differential responsiveness to mycorrhiza was mainly due to the distinctive plant traits of each plant functional group. Inoculating with a single AMF was more beneficial for plant biomass production than inoculation with multiple AMF under lower levels of soil biodiversity, probably due to high functional redundancy among AMF taxa. In conclusion, AMF inoculation reduced the adverse impact of soil degradation and biodiversity loss on plant biomass and vegetation development, highlighting the key roles and importance of AMF for grassland restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiong Zhou
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pengsen Wang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinchao Gong
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuxu Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Congyu Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfu Bai
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feida Sun
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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6
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Peng Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Bu L, Qi J, Gao H, Chen S, Pan H, Chen B, Liang C, Li X, An Y, Wang S, Wei G, Jiao S. The neglected roles of adjacent natural ecosystems in maintaining bacterial diversity in agroecosystems. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e16996. [PMID: 37916454 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A central aim of community ecology is to understand how local species diversity is shaped. Agricultural activities are reshaping and filtering soil biodiversity and communities; however, ecological processes that structure agricultural communities have often overlooked the role of the regional species pool, mainly owing to the lack of large datasets across several regions. Here, we conducted a soil survey of 941 plots of agricultural and adjacent natural ecosystems (e.g., forest, wetland, grassland, and desert) in 38 regions across diverse climatic and soil gradients to evaluate whether the regional species pool of soil microbes from adjacent natural ecosystems is important in shaping agricultural soil microbial diversity and completeness. Using a framework of multiscales community assembly, we revealed that the regional species pool was an important predictor of agricultural bacterial diversity and explained a unique variation that cannot be predicted by historical legacy, large-scale environmental factors, and local community assembly processes. Moreover, the species pool effects were associated with microbial dormancy potential, where taxa with higher dormancy potential exhibited stronger species pool effects. Bacterial diversity in regions with higher agricultural intensity was more influenced by species pool effects than that in regions with low intensity, indicating that the maintenance of agricultural biodiversity in high-intensity regions strongly depends on species present in the surrounding landscape. Models for community completeness indicated the positive effect of regional species pool, further implying the community unsaturation and increased potential in bacterial diversity of agricultural ecosystems. Overall, our study reveals the indubitable role of regional species pool from adjacent natural ecosystems in predicting bacterial diversity, which has useful implication for biodiversity management and conservation in agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianyan Bu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiejun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haibo Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yining An
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Tang B, Man J, Lehmann A, Rillig MC. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi benefit plants in response to major global change factors. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:2087-2097. [PMID: 37794719 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Land plants play a key role in global carbon cycling, but the potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the responses of a wide range of plant species to global change factors (GCFs) remains limited. Based on 1100 paired observations from 181 plant species, we conducted a meta-analysis to test the role of AMF in plant responses to four GCFs: drought, warming, nitrogen (N) addition and elevated CO2 . We show that AMF significantly ameliorate the negative effects of drought on plant performance. The GCFs N addition and elevated CO2 significantly enhance the performance of AM plants but not of non-inoculated plants. AM plants show better performance than their non-inoculated counterparts under warming, although neither of them showed a significant response to this GCF. These results suggest that AMF benefit plants in response to GCFs. Our study highlights the importance of AMF in enhancing plant performance under ongoing global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Man
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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8
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Pinheiro Alves de Souza Y, Schloter M, Weisser W, Schulz S. Deterministic Development of Soil Microbial Communities in Disturbed Soils Depends on Microbial Biomass of the Bioinoculum. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2882-2893. [PMID: 37624441 PMCID: PMC10640511 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite its enormous importance for ecosystem services, factors driving microbial recolonization of soils after disturbance are still poorly understood. Here, we compared the microbial recolonization patterns of a disturbed, autoclaved soil using different amounts of the original non-disturbed soil as inoculum. By using this approach, we manipulated microbial biomass, but did not change microbial diversity of the inoculum. We followed the development of a new soil microbiome after reinoculation over a period of 4 weeks using a molecular barcoding approach as well as qPCR. Focus was given on the assessment of bacteria and archaea. We could show that 1 week after inoculation in all inoculated treatments bacterial biomass exceeded the values from the original soil as a consequence of high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the disturbed soil resulting from the disturbance. This high biomass was persistent over the complete experimental period. In line with the high DOC concentrations, in the first 2 weeks of incubation, copiotrophic bacteria dominated the community, which derived from the inoculum used. Only in the disturbed control soils which did not receive a microbial inoculum, recolonization pattern differed. In contrast, archaeal biomass did not recover over the experimental period and recolonization was strongly triggered by amount of inoculated original soil added. Interestingly, the variability between replicates of the same inoculation density decreased with increasing biomass in the inoculum, indicating a deterministic development of soil microbiomes if higher numbers of cells are used for reinoculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Pinheiro Alves de Souza
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Freising, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Environmental Microbiology, Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Weisser
- Technische Universität München, TUM School of Life Science, Chair of Terrestrial Ecology, Freising, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schulz
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Hodgson RJ, Liddicoat C, Cando‐Dumancela C, Blyth C, Watson CD, Breed MF. Local and non‐local soil microbiota impede germination of the endangered
Acacia whibleyana. AUSTRAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riley J. Hodgson
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Craig Liddicoat
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
- School of Public Health University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | | | - Colette Blyth
- School of Biological Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Carl D. Watson
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
| | - Martin F. Breed
- College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Bedford Park South Australia Australia
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10
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Perera PCD, Gruss I, Twardowski J, Chmielowiec C, Szymura M, Szymura TH. The impact of restoration methods for Solidago-invaded land on soil invertebrates. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16634. [PMID: 36198735 PMCID: PMC9534866 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The belowground community structure of soil biota depends on plant composition and may be affected by invasive plant species. We hypothesized that the type of land restoration method applied affects the abundance and composition of soil invertebrates. Our field experiment centred on Solidago species control using different seed mixtures and methods of seed introduction (sowing mixtures: grasses, grasses with legumes, seeds from a seminatural meadow, and application of fresh hay) and different frequencies of mowing (one, two, or three times per year). Soil invertebrates were identified to the taxa, using light microscopes. Richness and diversity indices were calculated, and a redundancy analysis was conducted. Generally, mowing intensity negatively influenced soil organisms, although increased mowing frequency positively affected the abundance of some taxa (Symphyla, Hemiptera). Mowing twice per year decreased the abundance of soil invertebrates, but not their diversity. Soil invertebrate taxa had the greatest abundance in the plots sown with a seed mixture containing grasses with legumes. Among the restoration methods studied, mowing once a year and introducing grasses with legumes represented the least harmful strategy with regard to soil invertebrate abundance. Further studies are needed to investigate the dynamics of soil mesofauna exposed to long-term mowing and changes in vegetation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peliyagodage Chathura Dineth Perera
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Iwona Gruss
- Department of Plant Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Twardowski
- Department of Plant Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Cezary Chmielowiec
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szymura
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz H Szymura
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environment Protection, University of Wrocław, Stanisława Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland
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11
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Pascual LS, Segarra-Medina C, Gómez-Cadenas A, López-Climent MF, Vives-Peris V, Zandalinas SI. Climate change-associated multifactorial stress combination: A present challenge for our ecosystems. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 276:153764. [PMID: 35841741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Humans negatively influence Earth ecosystems and biodiversity causing global warming, climate change as well as man-made pollution. Recently, the number of different stress factors have increased, and when impacting simultaneously, the multiple stress conditions cause dramatic declines in plant and ecosystem health. Although much is known about how plants and ecosystems are affected by each individual stress, recent research efforts have diverted into how these biological systems respond to several of these stress conditions applied together. Studies of such "multifactorial stress combination" concept have reported a severe decrease in plant survival and microbiome biodiversity along the increasing number of factors in a consistent directional trend. In addition, these results are in concert with studies about how ecosystems and microbiota are affected by natural conditions imposed by climate change. Therefore, all this evidence should serve as an important warning in order to decrease pollutants, create strategies to deal with global warming, and increase the tolerance of plants to multiple stressful factors in combination. Here we review recent studies focused on the impact of abiotic stresses on plants, agrosystems and different ecosystems including forests and microecosystems. In addition, different strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change in ecosystems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Clara Segarra-Medina
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - María F López-Climent
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Vicente Vives-Peris
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain.
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12
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Zandalinas SI, Mittler R. Plant responses to multifactorial stress combination. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1161-1167. [PMID: 35278228 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Human activity is causing a global change in plant environment that includes a significant increase in the number and intensity of different stress factors. These include combinations of multiple abiotic and biotic stressors that simultaneously or sequentially impact plants and microbiomes, causing a significant decrease in plant growth, yield and overall health. It was recently found that with the increasing number and complexity of stressors simultaneously impacting a plant, plant growth and survival decline dramatically, even if the level of each individual stress, involved in such 'multifactorial stress combination', is low enough not to have a significant effect. Here we highlight this new concept of multifactorial stress combination and discuss its importance for our efforts to develop climate change-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University Jaume I, Av. de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
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13
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Dietrich P, Schumacher J, Eisenhauer N, Roscher C. Eco-evolutionary dynamics modulate plant responses to global change depending on plant diversity and species identity. eLife 2022; 11:74054. [PMID: 35353037 PMCID: PMC9110027 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Global change has dramatic impacts on grassland diversity. However, little is known about how fast species can adapt to diversity loss and how this affects their responses to global change. Here, we performed a common garden experiment testing whether plant responses to global change are influenced by their selection history and the conditioning history of soil at different plant diversity levels. Using seeds of four grass species and soil samples from a 14-year-old biodiversity experiment, we grew the offspring of the plants either in their own soil or in soil of a different community, and exposed them either to drought, increased nitrogen input, or a combination of both. Under nitrogen addition, offspring of plants selected at high diversity produced more biomass than those selected at low diversity, while drought neutralized differences in biomass production. Moreover, under the influence of global change drivers, soil history, and to a lesser extent plant history, had species-specific effects on trait expression. Our results show that plant diversity modulates plant-soil interactions and growth strategies of plants, which in turn affects plant eco-evolutionary pathways. How this change affects species' response to global change and whether this can cause a feedback loop should be investigated in more detail in future studies. Over the last hundred years, human activities including burning of fossil fuels, clearing of forests, and fertilizer use have caused environmental changes that have resulted in many species of plants, animals and other forms of life becoming extinct. Loss of plant species can change the local environment by, for example, altering the availability of nutrients and local communities of microbes in the soil. This may, in turn, cause remaining plant species to develop differently: they may take up fewer resources or become more prone to pathogens, both of which may alter their physical appearance. However, little is known about whether this happens and, if so, how rapidly such changes occur. Since 2002, researchers in Germany have been running a long-term project known as the Jena Experiment to study how plants behave when they grow in communities with different numbers of other plant species. For the experiment, various species of grass and other plants commonly found in grasslands were grown together in different combinations. Some plots contained many species (referred to as “high diversity”) and others contained only a few (“low diversity”). Here, Dietrich et al. collected seeds from four grasses grown for 12 years in Jena Experiment plots with two or six plant species. The seeds were then transferred to pots and grown in a greenhouse using soil either from the plot where the seeds originated or from another plot with a different diversity level. To simulate human-made changes in the environment, the team added nitrogen fertilizer or decreased how much they watered some of the plants. The greenhouse experiment showed that after receiving nitrogen fertilizer, the seeds from the high diversity Jena Experiment plots grew into larger plants than the seeds from the low diversity plots. But there was no difference in size when the plants were watered less. Moreover, both fertilizer and watering treatment had different effects on the plants’ physical appearance (root and leaf architecture) depending on the soil in which they were growing in. The findings of Dietrich et al. suggest that plants may respond differently to changes in their environment based on their origins and the soil they are growing in. This study provides the first indication that species loss could accelerate a further loss of species due to changes in how the plants develop and the communities of organisms living in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Dietrich
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Schumacher
- Institute of Mathematics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- Experimental Interaction Ecology, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig,, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christiane Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Biochar Derived from Domestic Sewage Sludge: Influence of Temperature Pyrolysis on Biochars’ Chemical Properties and Phytotoxicity. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1818241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pyrolytic conversion of domestic sewage sludge (SS) into biochar is a promising method to reduce its large volume and recycle its high-value fuel gas as renewable energy and the use of its chemicals as soil fertilizers. Even though the effects of pyrolysis temperature on energy recovery have been extensively studied, little information has been found on nutrient recovery and biochar’s phytotoxicity before its reuse as a soil amendment. This study aims to investigate the ideal pyrolysis temperature that guarantees higher fertility levels as well as meeting quality standards for land disposal. Accordingly, air-dried domestic sewage sludge has been pyrolyzed at 260°C (PSS1), at 420°C (PSS2), and at 610°C (PSS3) with a residence time of 20, 40, and 60 minutes, respectively. The raw sewage sludge and the produced biochars have been analyzed to determine their volatile organic matter (VOM), mineral content (MC), nutrients’ level (total nitrogen TN, available phosphorus P, and potassium K), alkalinity (pH), and salinity (electrical conductivity EC and Na). The toxic effect of biochars derived from SS has been evaluated through the analysis of trace metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, and Zn) and their toxicity by measuring root elongation inhibition (REI). As expected, pyrolysis temperature has a significant impact on the biochars’ characteristics. This has been justified by higher VOM, TN, and P in the sewage sludge (SS) and the biochar (PSS1) produced at low temperature (260°C). However, higher pH, EC, Na, and K have been found in the biochars (PSS2 and PSS3) produced at higher temperature (420 and 610°C). The effect of pyrolysis temperature on trace metals concentrations has shown different patterns from one element to another, which indicates lower levels in the biochar (PSS2) produced at 420°C. As a result, the lowest REI has been observed in PSS2 compared to that in SS, PSS1, and PSS3, which highlights that 420°C is the ideal pyrolysis temperature for the safe reuse of SS as a soil amendment.
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15
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Mannino G, Pernici C, Serio G, Gentile C, Bertea CM. Melatonin and Phytomelatonin: Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Distribution and Bioactivity in Plants and Animals-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189996. [PMID: 34576159 PMCID: PMC8469784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous indolamine, largely investigated for its key role in the regulation of several physiological processes in both animals and plants. In the last century, it was reported that this molecule may be produced in high concentrations by several species belonging to the plant kingdom and stored in specialized tissues. In this review, the main information related to the chemistry of melatonin and its metabolism has been summarized. Furthermore, the biosynthetic pathway characteristics of animal and plant cells have been compared, and the main differences between the two systems highlighted. Additionally, in order to investigate the distribution of this indolamine in the plant kingdom, distribution cluster analysis was performed using a database composed by 47 previously published articles reporting the content of melatonin in different plant families, species and tissues. Finally, the potential pharmacological and biostimulant benefits derived from the administration of exogenous melatonin on animals or plants via the intake of dietary supplements or the application of biostimulant formulation have been largely discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mannino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Carlo Pernici
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Graziella Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carla Gentile
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.M.B.); Tel.: +39-091-2389-7423 (C.G.); +39-011-670-6361 (C.M.B.)
| | - Cinzia M. Bertea
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy; (G.M.); (C.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.); (C.M.B.); Tel.: +39-091-2389-7423 (C.G.); +39-011-670-6361 (C.M.B.)
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16
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Ke PJ, Zee PC, Fukami T. Dynamic plant-soil microbe interactions: the neglected effect of soil conditioning time. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1546-1558. [PMID: 34105771 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) may change in strength over the life of plant individuals as plants continue to modify the soil microbial community. However, the temporal variation in PSF is rarely quantified and its impacts on plant communities remain unknown. Using a chronosequence reconstructed from annual aerial photographs of a coastal dune ecosystem, we characterized > 20-yr changes in soil microbial communities associated with individuals of the four dominant perennial species, one legume and three nonlegume. We also quantified the effects of soil biota on conspecific and heterospecific seedling performance in a glasshouse experiment that preserved soil properties of these individual plants. Additionally, we used a general individual-based model to explore the potential consequences of temporally varying PSF on plant community assembly. In all plant species, microbial communities changed with plant age. However, responses of plants to the turnover in microbial composition depended on the identity of the seedling species: only the soil biota effect experienced by the nonlegume species became increasingly negative with longer soil conditioning. Model simulation suggested that temporal changes in PSF could affect the transient dynamics of plant community assembly. These results suggest that temporal variation in PSF over the life of individual plants should be considered to understand how PSF structures plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ju Ke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Peter C Zee
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Tadashi Fukami
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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17
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Castiglione AM, Mannino G, Contartese V, Bertea CM, Ertani A. Microbial Biostimulants as Response to Modern Agriculture Needs: Composition, Role and Application of These Innovative Products. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081533. [PMID: 34451578 PMCID: PMC8400793 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An increasing need for a more sustainable agriculturally-productive system is required in order to preserve soil fertility and reduce soil biodiversity loss. Microbial biostimulants are innovative technologies able to ensure agricultural yield with high nutritional values, overcoming the negative effects derived from environmental changes. The aim of this review was to provide an overview on the research related to plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) used alone, in consortium, or in combination with organic matrices such as plant biostimulants (PBs). Moreover, the effectiveness and the role of microbial biostimulants as a biological tool to improve fruit quality and limit soil degradation is discussed. Finally, the increased use of these products requires the achievement of an accurate selection of beneficial microorganisms and consortia, and the ability to prepare for future agriculture challenges. Hence, the implementation of the microorganism positive list provided by EU (2019/1009), is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele M. Castiglione
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10135 Turin, Italy; (A.M.C.); (G.M.)
- Green Has Italia S.P.A, 12043 Canale, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Mannino
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10135 Turin, Italy; (A.M.C.); (G.M.)
| | | | - Cinzia M. Bertea
- Plant Physiology Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10135 Turin, Italy; (A.M.C.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116706361
| | - Andrea Ertani
- Department of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Turin, Italy;
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18
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Yang G, Ryo M, Roy J, Hempel S, Rillig MC. Plant and soil biodiversity have non-substitutable stabilising effects on biomass production. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1582-1593. [PMID: 34053155 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The stability of plant biomass production in the face of environmental change is fundamental for maintaining terrestrial ecosystem functioning, as plant biomass is the ultimate source of energy for nearly all life forms. However, most studies have focused on the stabilising effect of plant diversity, neglecting the effect of soil biodiversity, the largest reservoir of biodiversity on Earth. Here we investigated the effects of plant and soil biodiversity on the temporal stability of biomass production under varying simulated precipitation in grassland microcosms. Soil biodiversity loss reduced temporal stability by suppressing asynchronous responses of plant functional groups. Greater plant diversity, especially in terms of functional diversity, promoted temporal stability, but this effect was independent of soil biodiversity loss. Moreover, multitrophic biodiversity, plant and soil biodiversity combined, was positively associated with temporal stability. Our study highlights the importance of maintaining both plant and soil biodiversity for sustainable biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowen Yang
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Masahiro Ryo
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF, Müncheberg, Germany.,Environment and Natural Science, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Julien Roy
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hempel
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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19
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Chiba A, Uchida Y, Kublik S, Vestergaard G, Buegger F, Schloter M, Schulz S. Soil Bacterial Diversity Is Positively Correlated with Decomposition Rates during Early Phases of Maize Litter Decomposition. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020357. [PMID: 33670245 PMCID: PMC7916959 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of soil- and plant-associated bacterial diversity on the rates of litter decomposition, and bacterial community dynamics during its early phases. We performed an incubation experiment where soil bacterial diversity (but not abundance) was manipulated by autoclaving and reinoculation. Natural or autoclaved maize leaves were applied to the soils and incubated for 6 weeks. Bacterial diversity was assessed before and during litter decomposition using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. We found a positive correlation between litter decomposition rates and soil bacterial diversity. The soil with the highest bacterial diversity was dominated by oligotrophic bacteria including Acidobacteria, Nitrospiraceae, and Gaiellaceae, and its community composition did not change during the incubation. In the less diverse soils, those taxa were absent but were replaced by copiotrophic bacteria, such as Caulobacteraceae and Beijerinckiaceae, until the end of the incubation period. SourceTracker analysis revealed that litter-associated bacteria, such as Beijerinckiaceae, only became part of the bacterial communities in the less diverse soils. This suggests a pivotal role of oligotrophic bacteria during the early phases of litter decomposition and the predominance of copiotrophic bacteria at low diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Chiba
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (A.C.); (Y.U.)
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.K.); (G.V.); (M.S.)
- Crop Physiology, TUM School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Yoshitaka Uchida
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; (A.C.); (Y.U.)
| | - Susanne Kublik
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.K.); (G.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Gisle Vestergaard
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.K.); (G.V.); (M.S.)
- Section of Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Franz Buegger
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.K.); (G.V.); (M.S.)
- TUM School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schulz
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.K.); (G.V.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)89-3187-3054
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