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Hagen ER, Vasconcelos T, Boyko JD, Beaulieu JM. Investigating historical drivers of latitudinal gradients in polyploid plant biogeography: A multiclade perspective. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2024; 111:e16356. [PMID: 38867412 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE The proportion of polyploid plants in a community increases with latitude, and different hypotheses have been proposed about which factors drive this pattern. Here, we aimed to understand the historical causes of the latitudinal polyploidy gradient using a combination of ancestral state reconstruction methods. Specifically, we assessed whether (1) polyploidization enables movement to higher latitudes (i.e., polyploidization precedes occurrences in higher latitudes) or (2) higher latitudes facilitate polyploidization (i.e., occurrence in higher latitudes precedes polyploidization). METHODS We reconstructed the ploidy states and ancestral niches of 1032 angiosperm species at four paleoclimatic time slices ranging from 3.3 million years ago to the present, comprising taxa from four well-represented clades: Onagraceae, Primulaceae, Solanum (Solanaceae), and Pooideae (Poaceae). We used ancestral niche reconstruction models alongside a customized discrete character evolution model to allow reconstruction of states at specific time slices. Patterns of latitudinal movement were reconstructed and compared in relation to inferred ploidy shifts. RESULTS No single hypothesis applied equally well across all analyzed clades. While significant differences in median latitudinal occurrence were detected in the largest clade, Poaceae, no significant differences were detected in latitudinal movement in any clade. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary study is the first to attempt to connect ploidy changes to continuous latitudinal movement, but we cannot favor one hypothesis over another. Given that patterns seem to be clade-specific, more clades must be analyzed in future studies for generalities to be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Hagen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, AR, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3B2, ON, Canada
| | - Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, AR, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - James D Boyko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, AR, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
- Michigan Institute for Data Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, MI, USA
| | - Jeremy M Beaulieu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 72701, AR, USA
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Prochazka LS, Alcantara S, Rando JG, Vasconcelos T, Pizzardo RC, Nogueira A. Resource availability and disturbance frequency shape evolution of plant life forms in Neotropical habitats. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:760-773. [PMID: 38379443 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Organisms use diverse strategies to thrive in varying habitats. While life history theory partly explains these relationships, the combined impact of resource availability and disturbance frequency on life form strategy evolution has received limited attention. We use Chamaecrista species, a legume plant lineage with a high diversity of plant life forms in the Neotropics, and employ ecological niche modeling and comparative phylogenetic methods to examine the correlated evolution of plant life forms and environmental niches. Chamaephytes and phanerophytes have optima in environments characterized by moderate water and nutrient availability coupled with infrequent fire disturbances. By contrast, annual plants thrive in environments with scarce water and nutrients, alongside frequent fire disturbances. Similarly, geophyte species also show increased resistance to frequent fire disturbances, although they thrive in resource-rich environments. Our findings shed light on the evolution of plant strategies along environmental gradients, highlighting that annuals and geophytes respond differently to high incidences of fire disturbances, with one enduring it as seeds in a resource-limited habitat and the other relying on reserves and root resprouting systems in resource-abundant habitats. Furthermore, it deepens our understanding of how organisms evolve associated with their habitats, emphasizing a constraint posed by low-resource and high-disturbance environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana S Prochazka
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, São Paulo, SP, CEP 04301-902, Brazil
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Animal (LIPA), Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, CEP 09606-045, Brazil
| | - Suzana Alcantara
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Gastaldello Rando
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, BA, CEP 47808-021, Brazil
| | - Thais Vasconcelos
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Raquel C Pizzardo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anselmo Nogueira
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Animal (LIPA), Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, CEP 09606-045, Brazil
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Zhao B, Wang JW. Perenniality: From model plants to applications in agriculture. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:141-157. [PMID: 38115580 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for their sessile nature, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms enabling them to adapt to ever-changing environments. One such prominent feature is the evolution of diverse life history strategies, particularly such that annuals reproduce once followed by seasonal death, while perennials live longer by cycling growth seasonally. This intrinsic phenology is primarily genetic and can be altered by environmental factors. Although evolutionary transitions between annual and perennial life history strategies are common, perennials account for most species in nature because they survive well under year-round stresses. This proportion, however, is reversed in agriculture. Hence, perennial crops promise to likewise protect and enhance the resilience of agricultural ecosystems in response to climate change. Despite significant endeavors that have been made to generate perennial crops, progress is slow because of barriers in studying perennials, and many developed species await further improvement. Recent findings in model species have illustrated that simply rewiring existing genetic networks can lead to lifestyle variation. This implies that engineering plant life history strategy can be achieved by manipulating only a few key genes. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of genetic basis of perenniality and discuss major questions and challenges that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS, Shanghai 200032, China; New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Antonelli A, Govaerts R, Nic Lughadha E, Onstein RE, Smith RJ, Zizka A. Why plant diversity and distribution matter. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1331-1336. [PMID: 37813121 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
This article is the Editorial for the Special Collection ‘Global plant diversity and distribution’. See https://www.newphytologist.org/global-plant-diversity for more details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Antonelli
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, Gothenburg, SE 405 30, Sweden
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | | | | | - Renske E Onstein
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, Leiden, 2333CR, the Netherlands
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle - Jena - Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Zizka
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, Leiden, 2333CR, the Netherlands
- Department of Biology, Philipps University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, Marburg, 35043, Germany
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